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Sahih al-Bukhari

April 21, 2023

Sahih al-Bukhari (Arabic: صحيح البخاري, romanized: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī)[note 1] is a hadith collection and a book of sunnah compiled by the Persian scholar Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘īl al-Bukhārī (810–870) around 846. Alongside Sahih Muslim, it is one of the most valued books in Sunni Islam after the Quran. Both books are part of the Kutub al-Sittah, the six major Sunni collections of hadith of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It consists of an estimated 7,563 hadith narrations across its 97 chapters.

Sahih al-Bukhari
AuthorMuḥammad ibn Ismā‘īl al-Bukhārī
LanguageArabic
SubjectHadith
GenreHadith collection
ISBN978-1-56744-519-0
OCLC47899632
Original text
Sahih al-Bukhari at Arabic Wikisource

Content

Sources differ on the exact number of hadiths in Sahih al-Bukhari, with definitions of hadith varying from a prophetic tradition or sunnah, or a narration of that tradition. Experts have estimated the number of full-isnad narrations in the Sahih at 7,563, with the number reducing to around 2,600 without considerations to repetitions or different versions of the same hadith. Bukhari chose these narrations from a collection of 600,000 narrations he had collected over 16 years.[1][2] The narrations are distributed across 97 chapters covering fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), among other subjects. Each chapter contains references to relevant verses from the Quran.[3][4] It provides proper Islamic guidance in almost all aspects of Muslim life such as the method of performing prayers and other actions of worship directly from Muhammad.

Development

Collection

It is reported that Bukhari traveled widely throughout the Abbasid Caliphate from the age of 16. Bukhari found the earlier hadith collections including both ṣaḥīḥ (authentic, sound)[5] and hasan narrations. He also found that many of them included daʻīf (weak) narrations. This aroused his interest in compiling hadith whose authenticity was beyond doubt.[1]

What further strengthened his resolve was something his teacher and contemporary hadith scholar Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh had told him. Bukhari narrates, "We were with Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh who said, "If only you would compile a book of only authentic narrations of the Prophet." This suggestion remained in my heart so I began compiling the Sahih." Bukhari also said, "I saw the Prophet in a dream and it was as if I was standing in front of him. In my hand was a fan with which I was protecting him. I asked some dream interpreters, who said to me, 'You will protect him from lies.' This is what compelled me to produce the Sahih."[1][6]

Bukhari imposed four conditions the narrators of a hadith must meet, in order for the narration to be included in his Sahih:[7][8]

  • being just,
  • possessing strong memory and all the scholars who possess great knowledge of hadith must agree upon the narrators' ability to learn and memorize, along with their reporting techniques,
  • complete isnad without any missing narrators,
  • consecutive narrators in the chain must meet each other.

Bukhari began organizing his book in the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, before moving to the Al-Masjid an-Nabawi in Medina.[9] Bukhari completed writing the book in Bukhara around 846 (232 AH), before showing it to his teachers for examination and verification. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani quoted Abu Jaʿfar al-‘Uqaili as saying, "After Bukhari had written the Sahih, he showed it to Ali ibn al-Madini, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Yahya ibn Ma'in as well as others. They examined it and testified to its authenticity with the exception of four hadith." Ibn Hajar then concluded with al-'Uqaili's saying, "And those four are as Bukhari said, they are authentic."[10] Bukhari spent the last twenty-four years of his life visiting other cities and scholars, making minor revisions to his book and teaching the hadith he had collected. In every city that Bukhari visited, thousands of people would gather to listen to him recite traditions.[11]

Transmission

 
Single volume of the Sahih al-Bukhari, from later 14th or early 15th century, in the Khalili Collection of Islamic Art

Each version of the Sahih is named by its narrator. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in his book Nukat asserts the number of narrations is the same in each version. There are many books that noted differences between the different versions, the best known being Fath al-Bari. The version transmitted by Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Firabri (d. 932), a trusted student of Bukhari, is the most famous version of the Sahih al-Bukhari today. All modern printed version are derived from this version. Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi quoted al-Firabri in History of Baghdad: "About seventy thousand people heard Sahih Bukhari with me." al-Firabri is not the only transmitter of Sahih al-Bukhari. Many others narrated the book, including Ibrahim ibn Ma'qal (d. 907), Hammad ibn Shakir (d. 923), Mansur Burduzi (d. 931) and Husain Mahamili (d. 941).[12]

Derived works

The orientalist Manjana said in Cambridge in 1936 that the oldest manuscript he had come across up to that point was written in 984 (370 AH), according to the narration of al-Mirwazi from al-Firabri.[13] The oldest full manuscript is a version on the narration of Abu Dharr al-Heravi (d. 1043) written in Maghrebi script, present in the Süleymaniye Library in Istanbul is from 1155 (550 AH).[14]

Commentaries

The number of detailed commentaries on the Sahih are numbered around 400,[15] including Tafsir al-Gharib ma fi al-Sahihayn by al-Humaydī (d. 1095), Ibn Kathir's (d. 1373) Sharh, Fath al-Bari by Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani (d. 852 AH),[16] Al-Tawshih by al-Suyuti (d. 1505), Irshad al-Sari by al-Qastallani (d. 1517),[16][17] Umdat al-Qari by Badr al-Din al-Ayni,[16] and Al-Tanqih by al-Zarkashi (d. 1392). Modern commentaries are also written by Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri, Anwar Shah Kashmiri,[18] Kausar Yazdani, Muhammad Taqi Usmani,[19] and Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhalawi.[20]

Few scholars have commented on Bukhari's reasons behind naming the chapters in his Sahih, known as tarjumat al-bab.[21] Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani is noted to be one of them. Shah Waliullah Dehlawi had mentioned 14 reasons, later modified by Mahmud al-Hasan to make it 15. Kandhlawi is noted to have found as many as 70, even writing a book on the topic, Al-Abwab wat-Tarajim li Sahih al-Bukhari.[20][21]

Translations

 
9-volume Sahih al-Bukhari in English

Sahih al-Bukhari was originally translated into English by Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali and Muhammad Muhsin Khan, titled The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih al-Bukhari: Arabic-English (1971),[22] derived from the Arabic text of Fath Al-Bari, published by the Egyptian Maktabat wa-Maṭbaʻat Muṣṭafá al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī in 1959.[23] It is published by Al Saadawi Publications and Darussalam Publications and is included in the USC-MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts.[24] Large numbers of hadith narrations included in Hilali and Khan's work have been translated by Muhammad Ali and Thomas Cleary. The book is also available in numerous languages including Urdu, Bengali, Bosnian, Tamil, Malayalam, Albanian, Malay, and Hindi, among others.[25]

In 2019, the Arabic Virtual Translation Center in New York translated and published the first complete English translation of Sahih al-Bukhari titled Encyclopedia of Sahih Al-Bukhari, including explanatory notes, a glossary of every term, and biographies of all narrators in the isnad.[8]

Reception

Sunni Muslims regard Sahih al-Bukhari as one of the two most important books among the Kutub al-Sittah alongside the Sahih Muslim, written by al-Bukhari's student Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj. The two books are known as the 'Sahihayn (The Two Sahihs)'.[4][26][27] Al-Nawawi wrote about Sahih al-Bukhari, "The scholars, may God have mercy on them, have agreed that the most authentic book after the dear Quran are the two Sahihs of Bukhari and Muslim."[28] Siddiq Hasan Khan (d. 1890) wrote, "All of the Salaf and Khalaf assert that the most authentic book after the book of Allah is Sahih al-Bukhari and then Sahih Muslim."[29]

In the Introduction to the Science of Hadith, Ibn al-Salah wrote: "The first to author a Sahih was Bukhari [...], followed by Abū al-Ḥusayn Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj an-Naysābūrī al-Qushayrī, who was his student, sharing many of the same teachers. These two books are the most authentic books after the Quran. As for the statement of Al-Shafi‘i, who said, "I do not know of a book containing knowledge more correct than Malik's book [Muwatta Imam Malik]," [...] he said this before the books of Bukhari and Muslim. The book of Bukhari is the more authentic of the two and more useful."[30] Ibn al-Salah also quoted Bukhari as having said, "I have not included in the book [Sahih al-Bukhari] other than what is authentic and I did not include other authentic hadith for the sake of brevity."[30] In addition, al-Dhahabi quoted Bukhari as having said, "I have memorized one hundred thousand authentic hadith and two hundred thousand which are less than authentic."[31]

Criticism

Criticism has also been directed at apparent contradictions within Bukhari regarding the ahruf of the Quran. Some narrations state the Quran was revealed only in the dialect of Muhammad's tribe, the Quraysh, while others state it was revealed in seven ahruf.[32][33][34] Certain prophetic medicine and remedies espoused in Bukhari, such as cupping, have been noted for being unscientific.[35] Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, on the basis of contrary archaeological evidence, criticised a hadith regarding Adam's height and human height.[36][37]

In the 2003 book The Idea of Women in Fundamentalist Islam, Lamia Shehadeh used gender theory to critique an ahaad hadith about women's leadership.[38][39] Another hadith reported by Abu Hurairah was criticized by Fatema Mernissi for being reported out of context and without any further clarification in the Sahih. The clarification is given in a hadith reported by Aisha in al-Zarkashi's (1344–1392) hadith collection. According to Charles Kurzman, this case raises the question of whether other narrations in Bukhari have been reported incompletely or lack proper context.[40] In 2017, Rachid Aylal, a Quranist, published a book criticizing the Sahih, titled Sahih Al-Bukhari: The End of a Legend. It was banned in Morocco for disturbing spiritual security, due to pressure from Islamists.[41][42]

On August 29, 2022 Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation has included Sahih al-Bukhari into the federal list of extremist materials (except containing surahs, ayahs and quotes from the Quran) after The Supreme Court of Tatarstan supported the Laishevo District Court's decision to recognize the Sahih as extremist with its appellate ruling of July 5, 2022.[43][44]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Full name in Arabic: الجامع المسند الصحيح المختصر من أمور رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وسننه وأيامه, romanized: Al-Jāmi` al-Musnad as-Ṣaḥīḥ al-Mukhtasar min Umuri Rasulullahi sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam wa Sunanihi wa Ayyāmihi, lit. 'The Abridged Sahih Musnad Collection of the Matters of the Messenger of God, sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam, and his Sunan and his Times'

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b c "About - Sahih al-Bukhari - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)". sunnah.com. from the original on 2021-10-23. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
  2. ^ A.C. Brown, Jonathan (2009). Hadith: Muhammad's Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World (Foundations of Islam series). Oneworld Publications. p. 32. ISBN 978-1851686636.
  3. ^ "Two most authentic books of Hadith". GulfTimes. 2021-11-04. from the original on 2021-12-27. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  4. ^ a b "Introduction to Translation of Sahih Bukhari". International Islamic University Malaysia – Garden of Knowledge and Virtue. from the original on 2021-06-23. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  5. ^ "Meaning of sahih". Islamic-Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on February 10, 2010. Retrieved 2010-05-13.
  6. ^ al-Asqalani, Ibn Hajar. Hady al-Sari, the introduction to Fath al-Bari. Darussalam Publications. pp. 8–9.
  7. ^ "About - Sahih al-Bukhari - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)". sunnah.com. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
  8. ^ a b Arabic Virtual Translation Center (2022). Encyclopedia of Sahih al-Bukhari (9th ed.). New York City: Arabic Virtual Translation Center. ISBN 9780359672653.
  9. ^ Khan, Muhammad Siddiq. Al Hittah fi Dhikr al-Sihah al-Sittah (in Arabic). Dar al-Jeel. p. 178.
  10. ^ Hady al-Sari, pg. 684.
  11. ^ al-Asqalani, Ibn Hajar. Fath al-Bari (in Arabic). Dar al-Ma'rifa. p. 489.
  12. ^ Ahmed, Hussain (2020-07-17). "Why Imam al-Firabri: The student of Imam al-Bukhari and transmitter of his Sahih was trustworthy (thiqa)". Darul Tahqiq. Retrieved 2022-08-12.
  13. ^ Tareekh at-Turaath by Fu’aad Sizkeen (1/228).
  14. ^ "Facsimile of the oldest Sahih al-Bukhari". Centre for Islamic Studies (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-08-12.
  15. ^ . ahadithnotes.com. Archived from the original on 2020-08-06. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
  16. ^ a b c Gibb, H.A.R.; Kramers, J.H.; Levi-Provencal, E.; Schacht, J. (1986) [1st. pub. 1960]. Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. I (A-B) (New ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 1297. ISBN 9004081143.
  17. ^ Lewis, B.; Menage, V.L.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (1997) [1st. pub. 1978]. Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. IV (Iran-Kha) (New ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 736. ISBN 9004078193.
  18. ^ Allama Anwar Shah Kashmiri. "Faiz Ul Bari" – via Internet Archive.
  19. ^ "Dars E Nizami Dora E Hadees 8th Year". archive.org.
  20. ^ a b "Anak Pendang Sekeluarga: Kanzul Mutawari Dan Sumbangan Maulana Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhalawi rah". wirapendang.blogspot.my. April 2014. from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-10-10.
  21. ^ a b www. besturdubooks.wordpress.com. "Al Abwab Wat Tarajim Li Sahihul Bukhari" – via Internet Archive.
  22. ^ Bukhārī, Muḥammad ibn Ismāʻīl; بخارس، محمد بن اسماعيل. (1997). Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī : the translation of the meanings of Sahih al-Bukhari : Arabic-English. Muhammad Muhsin Khan, خان، محمد محسن. Riyadh-Saudi Arabia: Darussalam Pub. & Distr. ISBN 9960-717-31-3. OCLC 38433341.
  23. ^ al-ʻAsqalānī, Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī Ibn Ḥajar (1959). Fatḥ al-bārī bi-sharḥ al-Bukhārī. Cairo: Maktabat wa-Maṭbaʻat Muṣṭafá al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī. OCLC 7902764.
  24. ^ . Usc.edu. Archived from the original on 2012-10-01. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
  25. ^ "Sahih Bukhari - Multiple languages". Australian Islamic Library. from the original on 2014-10-30. Retrieved 2014-10-31.
  26. ^ "Sahih Muslim - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)". Sunnah.com (in Arabic). from the original on 2018-06-28. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  27. ^ Koenig, Harold G. (2014). Health and well-being in Islamic societies : background, research, and applications. Saad Al Shohaib. Cham [Switzerland]. ISBN 978-3-319-05873-3. OCLC 880374211.
  28. ^ al-Nawawi, Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf (1972). Al Minhaj, Sharh Sahih Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (in Arabic) (2nd ed.). Beirut: Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi. p. 14.
  29. ^ Khan, Muhammad Siddiq. Al Hittah fi Dhikr al-Sihah al-Sittah (in Arabic). Dar al-Jeel. p. 225.
  30. ^ a b Introduction to the Science of Hadith (Dar al-Ma’aarif ed.). Dar al-Ma’aarif. pp. 160–169.
  31. ^ Tadhkirat al-huffaz, vol. 2 pgs. 104-5, al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah edition.
  32. ^ Melchert 2008, p. 83.
  33. ^ "Virtues of the Qur'an. Book 61, Number 507". Sahih al-Bukhari
  34. ^ Shamoun, Sam. "The Seven Ahruf and Multiple Qiraat – A Quranic Perspective". Answering Islam.
  35. ^ Leslie, Charles Miller, ed. (1976). Asian Medical Systems: A Comparative Study (reprint ed.). University of California Press. pp. 57–8. ISBN 9780520035119.
  36. ^ Islam and the Modern Age, Volume 29. Islam and the Modern Age Society. 1998. p. 39. The hadith, reported by al-Bukhari, to the effect that Adam's height was sixty cubits, has been criticised by Ibn Hajar on the basis of archaeological measurements of the homesteads of some ancient peoples, which show that their inhabitants were not of an abnormal height.
  37. ^ "Sahih al-Bukhari 6227". from the original on 2 April 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2017. Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "Allah created Adam in His picture, sixty cubits (about 30 meters) in height. When He created him, He said (to him), "Go and greet that group of angels sitting there, and listen what they will say in reply to you, for that will be your greeting and the greeting of your offspring." Adam (went and) said, 'As-Salamu alaikum (Peace be upon you).' They replied, 'AsSalamu-'Alaika wa Rahmatullah (Peace and Allah's Mercy be on you) So they increased 'Wa Rahmatullah' The Prophet added 'So whoever will enter Paradise, will be of the shape and picture of Adam Since then the creation of Adam's (offspring) (i.e. stature of human beings is being diminished continuously) to the present time."
  38. ^ Lamia Rustum Shehadeh (2003). The Idea of Women in Fundamentalist Islam. University Press of Florida. p. 229. ISBN 9780813031354.
  39. ^ "Sahih al-Bukhari 7099". from the original on 10 November 2016. Retrieved 12 November 2016. Narrated Abu Bakr: During the battle of Al-Jamal, Allah benefited me with a Word (I heard from the Prophet). When the Prophet heard the news that the people of the Persia had made the daughter of Khosrau their Queen (ruler), he said, "Never will succeed such a nation as makes a woman their ruler."
  40. ^ Charles Kurzman (1998). Kurzman, Charles (ed.). Liberal Islam: A Source Book. Oxford University Press. p. 123. ISBN 9780195116229.
  41. ^ "Morocco Bans a Book Critical of Al-Bukhari as it Threatens Spiritual Security". 20 April 2018. from the original on 2020-04-11. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  42. ^ "رضا يوسف احمودى: بين "القرآنيين" و"البخاريين" حوار أم جدل؟ - رأي اليوم". from the original on 2020-07-07. Retrieved 2020-07-06.
  43. ^ "Ban of "Sahih al-Bukhari" angers Kadyrov". eng.kavkaz-uzel.eu. 2022-09-01. Retrieved 2023-01-17.
  44. ^ "search "Sahih" - Federal List of Extremist Materials :: Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation". minjust.gov.ru (in Russian). 2022-08-29. Retrieved 2023-01-17.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sahih al-Bukhari.
  • The Translation and the Meanings of Sahîh Al-Bukhâri: Arabic-English, trans. by Muhammad Muhsin Khan, ndw edn, 9 vols (Riyadh: Darussalam, 1997); also digitised in html
  • – Translation by Muhammad Muhsin Khan from Center for Muslim-Jewish Engagement (USC-MSA)
  • A Manual of Hadith by Muhammad Ali, pdf – a selected compendium of Sahih al-Bukhari with commentary

April 21, 2023
sahih, bukhari, arabic, صحيح, البخاري, romanized, Ṣaḥīḥ, bukhārī, note, hadith, collection, book, sunnah, compiled, persian, scholar, muḥammad, ismā, bukhārī, around, alongside, sahih, muslim, most, valued, books, sunni, islam, after, quran, both, books, part,. Sahih al Bukhari Arabic صحيح البخاري romanized Ṣaḥiḥ al Bukhari note 1 is a hadith collection and a book of sunnah compiled by the Persian scholar Muḥammad ibn Isma il al Bukhari 810 870 around 846 Alongside Sahih Muslim it is one of the most valued books in Sunni Islam after the Quran Both books are part of the Kutub al Sittah the six major Sunni collections of hadith of the Islamic prophet Muhammad It consists of an estimated 7 563 hadith narrations across its 97 chapters Sahih al BukhariAuthorMuḥammad ibn Isma il al BukhariLanguageArabicSubjectHadithGenreHadith collectionISBN978 1 56744 519 0OCLC47899632Original textSahih al Bukhari at Arabic WikisourceContents 1 Content 2 Development 2 1 Collection 2 2 Transmission 3 Derived works 3 1 Commentaries 3 2 Translations 4 Reception 4 1 Criticism 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 7 1 Citations 8 External linksContent EditSources differ on the exact number of hadiths in Sahih al Bukhari with definitions of hadith varying from a prophetic tradition or sunnah or a narration of that tradition Experts have estimated the number of full isnad narrations in the Sahih at 7 563 with the number reducing to around 2 600 without considerations to repetitions or different versions of the same hadith Bukhari chose these narrations from a collection of 600 000 narrations he had collected over 16 years 1 2 The narrations are distributed across 97 chapters covering fiqh Islamic jurisprudence among other subjects Each chapter contains references to relevant verses from the Quran 3 4 It provides proper Islamic guidance in almost all aspects of Muslim life such as the method of performing prayers and other actions of worship directly from Muhammad Development EditCollection Edit It is reported that Bukhari traveled widely throughout the Abbasid Caliphate from the age of 16 Bukhari found the earlier hadith collections including both ṣaḥiḥ authentic sound 5 and hasan narrations He also found that many of them included daʻif weak narrations This aroused his interest in compiling hadith whose authenticity was beyond doubt 1 What further strengthened his resolve was something his teacher and contemporary hadith scholar Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh had told him Bukhari narrates We were with Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh who said If only you would compile a book of only authentic narrations of the Prophet This suggestion remained in my heart so I began compiling the Sahih Bukhari also said I saw the Prophet in a dream and it was as if I was standing in front of him In my hand was a fan with which I was protecting him I asked some dream interpreters who said to me You will protect him from lies This is what compelled me to produce the Sahih 1 6 Bukhari imposed four conditions the narrators of a hadith must meet in order for the narration to be included in his Sahih 7 8 being just possessing strong memory and all the scholars who possess great knowledge of hadith must agree upon the narrators ability to learn and memorize along with their reporting techniques complete isnad without any missing narrators consecutive narrators in the chain must meet each other Bukhari began organizing his book in the Masjid al Haram in Mecca before moving to the Al Masjid an Nabawi in Medina 9 Bukhari completed writing the book in Bukhara around 846 232 AH before showing it to his teachers for examination and verification Ibn Hajar al Asqalani quoted Abu Jaʿfar al Uqaili as saying After Bukhari had written the Sahih he showed it to Ali ibn al Madini Ahmad ibn Hanbal Yahya ibn Ma in as well as others They examined it and testified to its authenticity with the exception of four hadith Ibn Hajar then concluded with al Uqaili s saying And those four are as Bukhari said they are authentic 10 Bukhari spent the last twenty four years of his life visiting other cities and scholars making minor revisions to his book and teaching the hadith he had collected In every city that Bukhari visited thousands of people would gather to listen to him recite traditions 11 Transmission Edit Single volume of the Sahih al Bukhari from later 14th or early 15th century in the Khalili Collection of Islamic ArtEach version of the Sahih is named by its narrator Ibn Hajar al Asqalani in his book Nukat asserts the number of narrations is the same in each version There are many books that noted differences between the different versions the best known being Fath al Bari The version transmitted by Muhammad ibn Yusuf al Firabri d 932 a trusted student of Bukhari is the most famous version of the Sahih al Bukhari today All modern printed version are derived from this version Al Khatib al Baghdadi quoted al Firabri in History of Baghdad About seventy thousand people heard Sahih Bukhari with me al Firabri is not the only transmitter of Sahih al Bukhari Many others narrated the book including Ibrahim ibn Ma qal d 907 Hammad ibn Shakir d 923 Mansur Burduzi d 931 and Husain Mahamili d 941 12 Derived works EditThe orientalist Manjana said in Cambridge in 1936 that the oldest manuscript he had come across up to that point was written in 984 370 AH according to the narration of al Mirwazi from al Firabri 13 The oldest full manuscript is a version on the narration of Abu Dharr al Heravi d 1043 written in Maghrebi script present in the Suleymaniye Library in Istanbul is from 1155 550 AH 14 Commentaries Edit Fath al Bari by Ibn Hajar al Asqalani The number of detailed commentaries on the Sahih are numbered around 400 15 including Tafsir al Gharib ma fi al Sahihayn by al Humaydi d 1095 Ibn Kathir s d 1373 Sharh Fath al Bari by Ibn Hajar al Asqalani d 852 AH 16 Al Tawshih by al Suyuti d 1505 Irshad al Sari by al Qastallani d 1517 16 17 Umdat al Qari by Badr al Din al Ayni 16 and Al Tanqih by al Zarkashi d 1392 Modern commentaries are also written by Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri Anwar Shah Kashmiri 18 Kausar Yazdani Muhammad Taqi Usmani 19 and Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhalawi 20 Few scholars have commented on Bukhari s reasons behind naming the chapters in his Sahih known as tarjumat al bab 21 Ibn Hajar al Asqalani is noted to be one of them Shah Waliullah Dehlawi had mentioned 14 reasons later modified by Mahmud al Hasan to make it 15 Kandhlawi is noted to have found as many as 70 even writing a book on the topic Al Abwab wat Tarajim li Sahih al Bukhari 20 21 Translations Edit 9 volume Sahih al Bukhari in English Sahih al Bukhari was originally translated into English by Muhammad Taqi ud Din al Hilali and Muhammad Muhsin Khan titled The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih al Bukhari Arabic English 1971 22 derived from the Arabic text of Fath Al Bari published by the Egyptian Maktabat wa Maṭbaʻat Muṣṭafa al Babi al Ḥalabi in 1959 23 It is published by Al Saadawi Publications and Darussalam Publications and is included in the USC MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts 24 Large numbers of hadith narrations included in Hilali and Khan s work have been translated by Muhammad Ali and Thomas Cleary The book is also available in numerous languages including Urdu Bengali Bosnian Tamil Malayalam Albanian Malay and Hindi among others 25 In 2019 the Arabic Virtual Translation Center in New York translated and published the first complete English translation of Sahih al Bukhari titled Encyclopedia of Sahih Al Bukhari including explanatory notes a glossary of every term and biographies of all narrators in the isnad 8 Reception EditSunni Muslims regard Sahih al Bukhari as one of the two most important books among the Kutub al Sittah alongside the Sahih Muslim written by al Bukhari s student Muslim ibn al Hajjaj The two books are known as the Sahihayn The Two Sahihs 4 26 27 Al Nawawi wrote about Sahih al Bukhari The scholars may God have mercy on them have agreed that the most authentic book after the dear Quran are the two Sahihs of Bukhari and Muslim 28 Siddiq Hasan Khan d 1890 wrote All of the Salaf and Khalaf assert that the most authentic book after the book of Allah is Sahih al Bukhari and then Sahih Muslim 29 In the Introduction to the Science of Hadith Ibn al Salah wrote The first to author a Sahih was Bukhari followed by Abu al Ḥusayn Muslim ibn al Ḥajjaj an Naysaburi al Qushayri who was his student sharing many of the same teachers These two books are the most authentic books after the Quran As for the statement of Al Shafi i who said I do not know of a book containing knowledge more correct than Malik s book Muwatta Imam Malik he said this before the books of Bukhari and Muslim The book of Bukhari is the more authentic of the two and more useful 30 Ibn al Salah also quoted Bukhari as having said I have not included in the book Sahih al Bukhari other than what is authentic and I did not include other authentic hadith for the sake of brevity 30 In addition al Dhahabi quoted Bukhari as having said I have memorized one hundred thousand authentic hadith and two hundred thousand which are less than authentic 31 Criticism Edit Criticism has also been directed at apparent contradictions within Bukhari regarding the ahruf of the Quran Some narrations state the Quran was revealed only in the dialect of Muhammad s tribe the Quraysh while others state it was revealed in seven ahruf 32 33 34 Certain prophetic medicine and remedies espoused in Bukhari such as cupping have been noted for being unscientific 35 Ibn Hajar al Asqalani on the basis of contrary archaeological evidence criticised a hadith regarding Adam s height and human height 36 37 In the 2003 book The Idea of Women in Fundamentalist Islam Lamia Shehadeh used gender theory to critique an ahaad hadith about women s leadership 38 39 Another hadith reported by Abu Hurairah was criticized by Fatema Mernissi for being reported out of context and without any further clarification in the Sahih The clarification is given in a hadith reported by Aisha in al Zarkashi s 1344 1392 hadith collection According to Charles Kurzman this case raises the question of whether other narrations in Bukhari have been reported incompletely or lack proper context 40 In 2017 Rachid Aylal a Quranist published a book criticizing the Sahih titled Sahih Al Bukhari The End of a Legend It was banned in Morocco for disturbing spiritual security due to pressure from Islamists 41 42 On August 29 2022 Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation has included Sahih al Bukhari into the federal list of extremist materials except containing surahs ayahs and quotes from the Quran after The Supreme Court of Tatarstan supported the Laishevo District Court s decision to recognize the Sahih as extremist with its appellate ruling of July 5 2022 43 44 See also EditMuhammad al Bukhari author of Sahih al Bukhari Sahih Muslim another Sahih collection of hadith narrations and the other of the Sahihayn Muslim ibn al Hajjaj author of Sahih Muslim and student of Muhammad al Bukhari Kutub al Sittah six most highly regarded collections of hadith in Sunni Islam one of which is Sahih al Bukhari Fath al Bari most highly regarded commentary on Sahih al Bukhari Ibn Hajar al Asqalani 15th century hadith scholar and author of Fath al BariNotes Edit Full name in Arabic الجامع المسند الصحيح المختصر من أمور رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وسننه وأيامه romanized Al Jami al Musnad as Ṣaḥiḥ al Mukhtasar min Umuri Rasulullahi sallallahu alaihi wa sallam wa Sunanihi wa Ayyamihi lit The Abridged Sahih Musnad Collection of the Matters of the Messenger of God sallallahu alaihi wa sallam and his Sunan and his Times References EditCitations Edit a b c About Sahih al Bukhari Sunnah com Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه و سلم sunnah com Archived from the original on 2021 10 23 Retrieved 2021 09 20 A C Brown Jonathan 2009 Hadith Muhammad s Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World Foundations of Islam series Oneworld Publications p 32 ISBN 978 1851686636 Two most authentic books of Hadith GulfTimes 2021 11 04 Archived from the original on 2021 12 27 Retrieved 2021 12 27 a b Introduction to Translation of Sahih Bukhari International Islamic University Malaysia Garden of Knowledge and Virtue Archived from the original on 2021 06 23 Retrieved 2021 12 27 Meaning of sahih Islamic Dictionary com Archived from the original on February 10 2010 Retrieved 2010 05 13 al Asqalani Ibn Hajar Hady al Sari the introduction to Fath al Bari Darussalam Publications pp 8 9 About Sahih al Bukhari Sunnah com Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه و سلم sunnah com Retrieved 2022 08 13 a b Arabic Virtual Translation Center 2022 Encyclopedia of Sahih al Bukhari 9th ed New York City Arabic Virtual Translation Center ISBN 9780359672653 Khan Muhammad Siddiq Al Hittah fi Dhikr al Sihah al Sittah in Arabic Dar al Jeel p 178 Hady al Sari pg 684 al Asqalani Ibn Hajar Fath al Bari in Arabic Dar al Ma rifa p 489 Ahmed Hussain 2020 07 17 Why Imam al Firabri The student of Imam al Bukhari and transmitter of his Sahih was trustworthy thiqa Darul Tahqiq Retrieved 2022 08 12 Tareekh at Turaath by Fu aad Sizkeen 1 228 Facsimile of the oldest Sahih al Bukhari Centre for Islamic Studies in Turkish Retrieved 2022 08 12 An Overview of Ten Manuscripts of Ṣaḥiḥ al Bukhari ahadithnotes com Archived from the original on 2020 08 06 Retrieved 2019 02 28 a b c Gibb H A R Kramers J H Levi Provencal E Schacht J 1986 1st pub 1960 Encyclopaedia of Islam Vol I A B New ed Leiden Netherlands Brill p 1297 ISBN 9004081143 Lewis B Menage V L Pellat Ch Schacht J 1997 1st pub 1978 Encyclopaedia of Islam Vol IV Iran Kha New ed Leiden Netherlands Brill p 736 ISBN 9004078193 Allama Anwar Shah Kashmiri Faiz Ul Bari via Internet Archive Dars E Nizami Dora E Hadees 8th Year archive org a b Anak Pendang Sekeluarga Kanzul Mutawari Dan Sumbangan Maulana Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhalawi rah wirapendang blogspot my April 2014 Archived from the original on 2015 12 22 Retrieved 2015 10 10 a b www besturdubooks wordpress com Al Abwab Wat Tarajim Li Sahihul Bukhari via Internet Archive Bukhari Muḥammad ibn Ismaʻil بخارس محمد بن اسماعيل 1997 Ṣaḥiḥ al Bukhari the translation of the meanings of Sahih al Bukhari Arabic English Muhammad Muhsin Khan خان محمد محسن Riyadh Saudi Arabia Darussalam Pub amp Distr ISBN 9960 717 31 3 OCLC 38433341 al ʻAsqalani Aḥmad ibn ʻAli Ibn Ḥajar 1959 Fatḥ al bari bi sharḥ al Bukhari Cairo Maktabat wa Maṭbaʻat Muṣṭafa al Babi al Ḥalabi OCLC 7902764 Translation of Sahih Bukhari Usc edu Archived from the original on 2012 10 01 Retrieved 2010 09 26 Sahih Bukhari Multiple languages Australian Islamic Library Archived from the original on 2014 10 30 Retrieved 2014 10 31 Sahih Muslim Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه و سلم Sunnah com in Arabic Archived from the original on 2018 06 28 Retrieved 2021 12 27 Koenig Harold G 2014 Health and well being in Islamic societies background research and applications Saad Al Shohaib Cham Switzerland ISBN 978 3 319 05873 3 OCLC 880374211 al Nawawi Abu Zakariyya Yahya ibn Sharaf 1972 Al Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim ibn al Hajjaj in Arabic 2nd ed Beirut Dar Ihya al Turath al Arabi p 14 Khan Muhammad Siddiq Al Hittah fi Dhikr al Sihah al Sittah in Arabic Dar al Jeel p 225 a b Introduction to the Science of Hadith Dar al Ma aarif ed Dar al Ma aarif pp 160 169 Tadhkirat al huffaz vol 2 pgs 104 5 al Kutub al Ilmiyyah edition Melchert 2008 p 83 Virtues of the Qur an Book 61 Number 507 Sahih al Bukhari Shamoun Sam The Seven Ahruf and Multiple Qiraat A Quranic Perspective Answering Islam Leslie Charles Miller ed 1976 Asian Medical Systems A Comparative Study reprint ed University of California Press pp 57 8 ISBN 9780520035119 Islam and the Modern Age Volume 29 Islam and the Modern Age Society 1998 p 39 The hadith reported by al Bukhari to the effect that Adam s height was sixty cubits has been criticised by Ibn Hajar on the basis of archaeological measurements of the homesteads of some ancient peoples which show that their inhabitants were not of an abnormal height Sahih al Bukhari 6227 Archived from the original on 2 April 2017 Retrieved 1 April 2017 Narrated Abu Huraira The Prophet said Allah created Adam in His picture sixty cubits about 30 meters in height When He created him He said to him Go and greet that group of angels sitting there and listen what they will say in reply to you for that will be your greeting and the greeting of your offspring Adam went and said As Salamu alaikum Peace be upon you They replied AsSalamu Alaika wa Rahmatullah Peace and Allah s Mercy be on you So they increased Wa Rahmatullah The Prophet added So whoever will enter Paradise will be of the shape and picture of Adam Since then the creation of Adam s offspring i e stature of human beings is being diminished continuously to the present time Lamia Rustum Shehadeh 2003 The Idea of Women in Fundamentalist Islam University Press of Florida p 229 ISBN 9780813031354 Sahih al Bukhari 7099 Archived from the original on 10 November 2016 Retrieved 12 November 2016 Narrated Abu Bakr During the battle of Al Jamal Allah benefited me with a Word I heard from the Prophet When the Prophet heard the news that the people of the Persia had made the daughter of Khosrau their Queen ruler he said Never will succeed such a nation as makes a woman their ruler Charles Kurzman 1998 Kurzman Charles ed Liberal Islam A Source Book Oxford University Press p 123 ISBN 9780195116229 Morocco Bans a Book Critical of Al Bukhari as it Threatens Spiritual Security 20 April 2018 Archived from the original on 2020 04 11 Retrieved 2020 04 11 رضا يوسف احمودى بين القرآنيين و البخاريين حوار أم جدل رأي اليوم Archived from the original on 2020 07 07 Retrieved 2020 07 06 Ban of Sahih al Bukhari angers Kadyrov eng kavkaz uzel eu 2022 09 01 Retrieved 2023 01 17 search Sahih Federal List of Extremist Materials Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation minjust gov ru in Russian 2022 08 29 Retrieved 2023 01 17 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sahih al Bukhari The Translation and the Meanings of Sahih Al Bukhari Arabic English trans by Muhammad Muhsin Khan ndw edn 9 vols Riyadh Darussalam 1997 also digitised in html Sahih Bukhari Translation by Muhammad Muhsin Khan from Center for Muslim Jewish Engagement USC MSA A Manual of Hadith by Muhammad Ali pdf a selected compendium of Sahih al Bukhari with commentary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sahih al Bukhari amp oldid 1149562214, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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