Ishaq ibn Rahwayh

Abū Yaʻqūb Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Mukhallad al-Ḥanẓalī (Arabic: أبو يعقوب إسحاق بن إبراهيم بن مخْلد الحنظلي), commonly known as Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (Arabic: إسحاق بن راهويه; 161 AH^[2] – 238 AH^[3]), was a jurist and imam of Khorasan.

Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh
Title	Amīr al-muʼminīn fī al-ḥadīth^[1]
Personal
Born	161 AH^[2] Merv, Persia^[2] (777–778 AD)
Died	Sha'ban 238 AH^[3] Nishapur (852–853 AD)
Religion	Islam
Era	Islamic golden age (Early Abbasid era)
Region	Khorasan
Creed	Athari^[4]
Main interest(s)	Hadith,^[5] Tafsir,^[6] Fiqh^[7]
Notable work(s)	Al-Musnad
Muslim leader
Influenced by Yaḥyá ibn Yaḥyá,^[8] 'Abd Allah Ibn al-Mubarak,^[8] Sufyan ibn `Uyaynah, Al-Shafiʿī
Influenced Al-Bukhari,^[9] Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj,^[9] Ibn Khuzaymah, Al-Darimi, Al-Nasa'i, Dawud al-Zahiri

Along with Sufyan al-Thawri and Dawud al-Zahiri, he is cited in Lisanu-l-Arab (also spelled Lisan al-Arab) for taking the stance that once a man marries a slave and has children with her both she and the child are free, and the child cannot be enslaved. This was against the opinion of most Islamic scholars of jurisprudence of the time.^{[citation needed]} He was also a fellow student and a friend of Ahmad ibn Hanbal who accompanied him on his travels to seek knowledge.^[10]

Influence

Ibn Rahwayh helped to inspire al-Bukhari to compile what is now commonly known as Sahih al-Bukhari. Al-Bukhari stated, "We were with our teacher Ishaq ibn Rahwayh when he said: 'if only someone would compile a compact book for the authentic ahadith of the prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.' That stirred something in my heart so I set out in compiling al-Jami as-Sahih".^[11]

Works

Ibn Rahwayh's books on tafsir, ahadith and fiqh include:^[12]

• Al-Musnad (المسند)
• Al-Jāmiʻ al-Kabīr (الجامع الكبير)
• Al-Jāmiʻ al-Ṣaghir (الجامع الصغير)
• Al-Muṣannaf (المصنف)
• Al-ʻIlm (العلم)
• At-Tafsīr al-Kabīr (التفسير الكبير): lost work

References

1. أمير المؤمنين في الحديث
   Al-ʻAsqalānī, Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī Ibn Ḥajar. Fatḥ al-Bari sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. p. 6.
2. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 57–59
3. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, p. 208
4. Melchert, Christopher (1997). "Chapter 1: The Traditionalists of Iraq". The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9th-10th Centuries C.E. Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Publishers. p. 6. ISBN 90-04-10952-8.
5. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 78–103
6. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 77–78
7. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 104–109
8. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 110–137
9. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 150–165
10. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 67–70
11. قال البخاري : كنا عند إسحاق بن راهويه فقال : لو جمعتم كتاباً مختصراً لصحيح سنة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم . قال : فوقع ذلك في قلبي فأخذت في جمع الجامع الصحيح^{[citation needed]}
12. Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 211–215