Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī or Ibn Ḥajar (Arabic: ابن حجر العسقلاني, full name: Shihābud-Dīn Abul-Faḍl Aḥmad ibn Nūrud-Dīn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī al-Kināni) (18 February 1372 – 2 February 1449 CE / 773 – 852 A.H.),[3] was a classic Islamic scholar "whose life work constitutes the final summation of the science of Hadith."[5] He authored some 150 works on hadith, history, biography, tafsir, poetry, and Shafi'ijurisprudence, the most valued of which being his commentary of Sahih al-Bukhari, titled Fath al-Bari.[6]
He was born in Cairo in 1372, the son of the Shafi'i scholar and poet Nur ad-Din 'Ali. His parents had moved from Alexandria, originally hailing from Ashkelon (Arabic: عَسْقَلَان, ʿAsqalān).[7] Both of his parents died in his infancy, and he and his sister, Sitt ar-Rakb, became wards of his father's first wife's brother, Zaki ad-Din al-Kharrubi, who enrolled Ibn Hajar in Qur'anic studies when he was five years old. Here he excelled, learning Surah Maryam in a single day and memorising the entire Qur'an by the age of 9.[8] He progressed to the memorization of texts such as the abridged version of Ibn al-Hajib's work on the foundations of fiqh.
Education
When he accompanied al-Kharrubi to Mecca at the age of 12, he was considered competent to lead the Tarawih prayers during Ramadan. When his guardian died in 1386, Ibn Hajar's education in Egypt was entrusted to hadith scholar Shams ad-Din ibn al-Qattan, who entered him in the courses given by Sirajud-Din al-Bulqini (d. 1404) and Siraj al-Din al-Mulaqqin (d. 1402) in Shafi'i fiqh, and Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi (d. 1404) in hadith, after which he travelled to Damascus and Jerusalem, to study under Shamsud-Din al-Qalqashandi (d. 1407), Badr al-Din al-Balisi (d. 1401), and Fatima bint al-Manja at-Tanukhiyya (d. 1401). After a further visit to Mecca, Medina, and Yemen, he returned to Egypt. Al-Suyuti said: "It is said that he drank Zamzam water in order to reach the level of adh-Dhahabi in memorization—which he succeeded in doing, even surpassing him."[9]
Personal life
In 1397, at the age of twenty-five, Al-'Asqalani married the celebrated hadith expert Uns Khatun, who held ijazat from 'Abdur-Rahim al-'Iraqi and gave public lectures to crowds of 'ulama', including as-Sakhawi.
Positions
Ibn Hajar went on to be appointed to the position of Egyptian chief-judge (Qadi) several times.
Death
Ibn Hajar died after 'Isha' (night prayer) on 8th Dhul-Hijjah 852 (2 February 1449), aged 79. An estimated 50,000 people attended his funeral in Cairo, including SultanSayfud-Din Jaqmaq (1373–1453 CE) and Caliph of Cairo Al-Mustakfi II (r. 1441–1451 CE).[6]
Fath al-Bari – ibn Hajar's commentary of Sahih al-Bukhari's Jamiʿ al-Sahih (817/1414), completed an unfinished work begun by ibn Rajab in the 1390s. It became the most celebrated and highly regarded work on the author. Celebrations near Cairo on its publication (Rajab 842 AH / December 1428 CE) were described by historian Muhammad ibn Iyas (d.930 AH), as "the greatest of the age". Many of Egypt's leading dignitaries were among the crowds, ibn Hajar himself gave readings, poets gave eulogies and gold was distributed.
Merits of the Plague (بذل الماعون في أخبار الطاعون, a discussion of the Black Death and meditations on illness and the Divine, which contains excerpts from Fatḥ al-Bārī
al-Durar al-Kāminah – a biographical dictionary of leading figures of the eighth century.
Taʿrif Ahl al-Taqdis bi Maratib al-Mawsufin bi al-Tadlis
Raf' al-isr 'an qudat Misr – a biographical dictionary of Egyptian judges. Partial French translation in Mathieu Tillier, Vie des cadis de Misr. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie orientale, 2002.[12]
^Namira Nahouza (2018). Wahhabism and the Rise of the New Salafists: Theology, Power and Sunni Islam. I.B. Tauris. pp. 121–122. ISBN9781838609832. from the original on 2021-10-07. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
^. almostaneer.com (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 4 Apr 2021.
^ ab. Usc.edu. Archived from the original on 2006-08-29. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
^Salmān, Mashhūr Ḥasan Maḥmūd & Shuqayrāt, Aḥmad Ṣidqī (1998). "Tarjamat al-musannif". Muʼallafāt al-Sakhāwī : al-ʻAllāmah al-Ḥāfiẓ Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sakhāwī, 831-902 H. Dār Ibn Ḥazm. p. 18.
^Rosenthal, F. (1913). Encyclopedia of Islam: New Edition. Brill. p. 776.
^Noegel, Scott B. (2010). The A to Z of Prophets in Islam and Judaism. Wheeler, Brannon M. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. ISBN978-1-4617-1895-6. OCLC 863824465. from the original on 2020-06-15. Retrieved 2020-06-07.
^Lewis, B.; Menage, V.L.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (1986) [1st. pub. 1971]. Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. III (H-Iram) (New ed.). Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 776. ISBN9004081186.
^Kifayat Ullah, Al-Kashshaf: Al-Zamakhshari's Mu'tazilite Exegesis of the Qur'an, de Gruyter (2017), p. 40
^al-Dhahabi. Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'. Vol. 16. p. 154.
^Ibn Ḥajar al-ʻAsqalānī, Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī (2002). Vies des cadis de Miṣr, 237/851-366/976. Mathieu Tillier, Thierry Bianquis. Le Caire: Institut français d'archéologie orientale. ISBN2-7247-0327-8. OCLC 52493823. from the original on 2022-07-08. Retrieved 2022-01-29.
External links
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hajar, asqalani, 16th, century, sunni, muslim, shafi, scholar, hajar, haytami, Ḥajar, ʿasqalānī, Ḥajar, arabic, ابن, حجر, العسقلاني, full, name, shihābud, dīn, abul, faḍl, aḥmad, nūrud, dīn, ʿalī, muḥammad, Ḥajar, ʿasqalānī, kināni, february, 1372, february, 1. For the 16th century Sunni Muslim Shafi i scholar see Ibn Hajar al Haytami Ibn Ḥajar al ʿAsqalani or Ibn Ḥajar Arabic ابن حجر العسقلاني full name Shihabud Din Abul Faḍl Aḥmad ibn Nurud Din ʿAli ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥajar al ʿAsqalani al Kinani 18 February 1372 2 February 1449 CE 773 852 A H 3 was a classic Islamic scholar whose life work constitutes the final summation of the science of Hadith 5 He authored some 150 works on hadith history biography tafsir poetry and Shafi i jurisprudence the most valued of which being his commentary of Sahih al Bukhari titled Fath al Bari 6 Ibn Ḥajar al AsqalaniTitleShaykh al IslamḤafiẓIbn RockPersonalBorn18 February 1372 1372 02 18 Cairo Mamluk SultanateDied2 February 1449 1449 02 03 aged 76 3 Cairo Mamluk SultanateResting placeCity of the Dead Cairo EgyptReligionIslamEraBahri Era Burji EraDenominationSunniJurisprudenceShafi iCreedAsh ari 1 2 Muslim leaderInfluenced Al Sakhawi 4 Zakariyya al Ansari Al SuyutiTomb of Ibn Hajar al Asqalani in Cairo Contents 1 Early life 2 Education 3 Personal life 4 Positions 5 Death 6 Works 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksEarly life EditHe was born in Cairo in 1372 the son of the Shafi i scholar and poet Nur ad Din Ali His parents had moved from Alexandria originally hailing from Ashkelon Arabic ع س ق ل ان ʿAsqalan 7 Both of his parents died in his infancy and he and his sister Sitt ar Rakb became wards of his father s first wife s brother Zaki ad Din al Kharrubi who enrolled Ibn Hajar in Qur anic studies when he was five years old Here he excelled learning Surah Maryam in a single day and memorising the entire Qur an by the age of 9 8 He progressed to the memorization of texts such as the abridged version of Ibn al Hajib s work on the foundations of fiqh Education EditWhen he accompanied al Kharrubi to Mecca at the age of 12 he was considered competent to lead the Tarawih prayers during Ramadan When his guardian died in 1386 Ibn Hajar s education in Egypt was entrusted to hadith scholar Shams ad Din ibn al Qattan who entered him in the courses given by Sirajud Din al Bulqini d 1404 and Siraj al Din al Mulaqqin d 1402 in Shafi i fiqh and Zain al Din al Iraqi d 1404 in hadith after which he travelled to Damascus and Jerusalem to study under Shamsud Din al Qalqashandi d 1407 Badr al Din al Balisi d 1401 and Fatima bint al Manja at Tanukhiyya d 1401 After a further visit to Mecca Medina and Yemen he returned to Egypt Al Suyuti said It is said that he drank Zamzam water in order to reach the level of adh Dhahabi in memorization which he succeeded in doing even surpassing him 9 Personal life EditIn 1397 at the age of twenty five Al Asqalani married the celebrated hadith expert Uns Khatun who held ijazat from Abdur Rahim al Iraqi and gave public lectures to crowds of ulama including as Sakhawi Positions EditIbn Hajar went on to be appointed to the position of Egyptian chief judge Qadi several times Death EditIbn Hajar died after Isha night prayer on 8th Dhul Hijjah 852 2 February 1449 aged 79 An estimated 50 000 people attended his funeral in Cairo including Sultan Sayfud Din Jaqmaq 1373 1453 CE and Caliph of Cairo Al Mustakfi II r 1441 1451 CE 6 Works EditIbn Hajar wrote approximately 150 works 10 on hadith hadith terminology biographical evaluation history tafsir poetry and Shafi i jurisprudence Fath al Bari ibn Hajar s commentary of Sahih al Bukhari s Jamiʿ al Sahih 817 1414 completed an unfinished work begun by ibn Rajab in the 1390s It became the most celebrated and highly regarded work on the author Celebrations near Cairo on its publication Rajab 842 AH December 1428 CE were described by historian Muhammad ibn Iyas d 930 AH as the greatest of the age Many of Egypt s leading dignitaries were among the crowds ibn Hajar himself gave readings poets gave eulogies and gold was distributed al Isaba fi tamyiz al Sahaba the most comprehensive dictionary of the Companions of the Prophet Merits of the Plague بذل الماعون في أخبار الطاعون a discussion of the Black Death and meditations on illness and the Divine which contains excerpts from Fatḥ al Bari al Durar al Kaminah a biographical dictionary of leading figures of the eighth century al Kamal fi Asma al Rijal an abbreviation of Tahdhib al Kamal the encyclopedia of hadith narrators by Jamal al Din al Mizzi Taqrib al Tahdhib the abridgement of Tahthib al Tahthib Ta jil al Manfa ah biographies of the narrators of the Musnads of the four Imams not found in at Tahthib Bulugh al Maram on hadith used in Shafi i fiqh Nata ij al Afkar fi Takhrij Ahadith al Adhkar Lisan al Mizan a reworking of Mizan al Itidal by al Dhahabi which in turn is a reworking of an earlier work 11 Talkhis al Habir fi Takhrij al Rafiʿi al Kabir al Diraya fi Takhrij Ahadith al Hidaya Taghliq al Taʿliq ʿala Sahih al Bukhari Risala Tadhkirat al Athar al Matalib al ʿAliya bi Zawa id al Masanid al Thamaniya Nukhbat al Fikar along with his explanation of it entitled Nuzhah al Nathr in hadith terminology al Nukat ala Kitab ibn al Salah commentary of the Muqaddimah of ibn al Salah al Qawl al Musaddad fi Musnad Ahmad a discussion of hadith of disputed authenticity in the Musnad of Ahmad Silsilat al Dhahab Taʿrif Ahl al Taqdis bi Maratib al Mawsufin bi al Tadlis Raf al isr an qudat Misr a biographical dictionary of Egyptian judges Partial French translation in Mathieu Tillier Vie des cadis de Misr Cairo Institut francais d archeologie orientale 2002 12 See also EditList of Ash aris and Maturidis Nur al Din Ali ibn Da ud al Jawhari al Sayrafi a student of hisReferences Edit Namira Nahouza 2018 Wahhabism and the Rise of the New Salafists Theology Power and Sunni Islam I B Tauris pp 121 122 ISBN 9781838609832 Archived from the original on 2021 10 07 Retrieved 2021 01 12 Ahl al Sunna The Ash aris The Testimony and Proofs of the Scholars almostaneer com in Arabic Archived from the original on 4 Apr 2021 a b USC MSA Compendium of Muslim Texts Usc edu Archived from the original on 2006 08 29 Retrieved 2010 03 21 Salman Mashhur Ḥasan Maḥmud amp Shuqayrat Aḥmad Ṣidqi 1998 Tarjamat al musannif Muʼallafat al Sakhawi al ʻAllamah al Ḥafiẓ Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al Raḥman al Sakhawi 831 902 H Dar Ibn Ḥazm p 18 Rosenthal F 1913 Encyclopedia of Islam New Edition Brill p 776 a b Ludwig W Adamec 2009 Historical Dictionary of Islam p 136 Scarecrow Press ISBN 0810861615 Noegel Scott B 2010 The A to Z of Prophets in Islam and Judaism Wheeler Brannon M Lanham Scarecrow Press ISBN 978 1 4617 1895 6 OCLC 863824465 Archived from the original on 2020 06 15 Retrieved 2020 06 07 Lewis B Menage V L Pellat Ch Schacht J 1986 1st pub 1971 Encyclopaedia of Islam Vol III H Iram New ed Leiden Netherlands Brill p 776 ISBN 9004081186 Thail Tabaqaat al Huffaath pg 251 Kifayat Ullah Al Kashshaf Al Zamakhshari s Mu tazilite Exegesis of the Qur an de Gruyter 2017 p 40 al Dhahabi Siyar A lam al Nubala Vol 16 p 154 Ibn Ḥajar al ʻAsqalani Aḥmad ibn ʻAli 2002 Vies des cadis de Miṣr 237 851 366 976 Mathieu Tillier Thierry Bianquis Le Caire Institut francais d archeologie orientale ISBN 2 7247 0327 8 OCLC 52493823 Archived from the original on 2022 07 08 Retrieved 2022 01 29 External links Edit Wikiquote has quotations related to Ibn Hajar al Asqalani Arabic Wikisource has original text related to this article Ibn Hajar Biodata at MuslimScholars info Ibn Hajar al Asqalani and his Commentary Books by Ibn Hajar Al AsqalaniPortals Biography Islam Egypt Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ibn Hajar al Asqalani amp oldid 1145781243, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
