Phnom Penh International Airport
Phnom Penh International Airport (IATA: PNH, ICAO: VDPP) is the busiest airport in Cambodia and serves as the country's main international gateway. It is Cambodia's second largest airport by area after the new Siem Reap–Angkor International Airport.[2] It is located in the Pou Senchey District,[3] 10 kilometres (5.4 NM) west of Phnom Penh, the nation's capital. Phnom Penh airport's former name was Pochentong International Airport .[a] (Chinese: 波成東).[citation needed]
Phnom Penh International Airport អាកាសយានដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិភ្នំពេញ Aéroport international de Phnom Penh | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summary | |||||||||||
| Airport type | Public / Military | ||||||||||
| Owner | Cambodia Airports | ||||||||||
| Operator | VINCI Airports | ||||||||||
| Serves | Phnom Penh, Cambodia | ||||||||||
| Location | Khan Pou Senchey | ||||||||||
| Hub for | |||||||||||
| Focus city for | Vietnam Airlines | ||||||||||
| Elevation AMSL | 40 ft / 12 m | ||||||||||
| Coordinates | 11°32′47″N 104°50′38″E / 11.54639°N 104.84389°E | ||||||||||
| Website | pnh | ||||||||||
| Maps | |||||||||||
PNH/VDPP Location of airport in Cambodia | |||||||||||
| Runways | |||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Statistics (2023) | |||||||||||
| |||||||||||
www.vinci-airports.com[1] | |||||||||||
History edit
When Japan invaded and occupied Cambodia during the World War II, they built as many as fifteen airports through the country, including on the site of the current airport. It is reported that these airports were built using slave labor. After independence from France in 1953, King Norodom Shianouk ordered new airstrips or improvements to existing sites.[4][5]
During the Cambodian War, the airport was used extensively for airlifts of military and civilian supplies. Between October and December 1973, C-130's of the 374th Tactical Air Lift brought 3,000 tons of rice in via airlift.[6][7] After the last land and water based routes fell into the hands of the Khmer Rouge in April 1975, the airport became the sole path for supplies for Phnom Phen.[8]
After the collapse of the Khmer Republic in 1975, Pochentong was almost completely closed to international travel, with the exception of some flights directly from Beijing. These flights consisted of cadres to train the new government, as well as some Cambodian intellectuals and diplomats who volunteered to return to the country.[9]
In July 1995, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) signed a concession agreement with the French–Malaysian joint venture company. The company, Société Concessionaire d'Aéroport (SCA), is 70% owned by Vinci Airports and 30% owned by Muhibbah Masteron.[10][11] In return for a 20-year concession, SCA committed to a $100 million improvement program.[12]
In March 2011, Air France began flights to Paris via Bangkok using Airbus A340s.[13][14] The stopover changed to Ho Chi Minh City the following year. The route lasted until March 2013.[15][16]
In 2014 SCA and announced the start of the $100 million project to expand the passenger terminals at Phnom Penh and Siem Reap international airports to accommodate continued strong passenger growth.[17] The project saw the extension of the parking lots and terminals, more check-in and immigration counters, and new baggage handling systems. Additionally, the commercial areas were enlarged to allow for more retail shops, new restaurants and food and beverage outlets, and mezzanine lounges to cater to first class and business travelers.[18] The expansions allowed the airport to double its capacity to handle 5 million passengers a year from 2.5 million passengers.[19]
In 2015, Cambodian opposition politician Son Chhay asked the government to rescind the concession agreement with SCA. He claimed that Cambodia "may be getting ripped off in the deal".[20]
In 2020, SCA lost the concession for Phnom Penh (along with Siem Reap) after plans were announced to build two new airports in those locations. Vinci Airports remained as the operator of Phnom Penh Airport.[21]
Future edit
In January 2018, the Cambodian government approved a proposal to build a new airport to serve Phnom Penh that will cost an estimated US$1.5 billion.[22] The new international airport will replace the existing Phnom Penh International Airport, with initial plans having the facilities being constructed on partially reclaimed land adjacent to Boueng Cheung Loung, a large lake in Kandal Province about 30 kilometres south of Phnom Penh.[23][24][25][26][27]
Cambodia Airport Investment, a joint venture 90 percent owned by Overseas Cambodia Investment Corporation (OCIC), one of the country's largest real estate developers, and 10 percent by the government's State Secretariat of Civil Aviation, plans to invest the $1.5 billion to construct the new airport. The OCIC will invest US$280 million, while unspecified "foreign banks" will provide US$1.1 billion in funding. The OCIC will own 90 per cent of the shares in the completed airport, with the rest going to the SSCA While the construction plans are still in the early stages of development, the 4F class airport will be capable of handling large long-haul aircraft and will reportedly cover an area of around 2,600 hectares, which would make it one of the largest airports in the world.[28][19]
In 2020, Prime Minister Hun Sen announced that Phnom Penh airport would remain active after the new airport was activated, primarily serving as air freight, military, local flights, private flights and high-level visitors.[29]
Facilities edit
Overview edit
The airport is at an elevation of 40 feet (12 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 05/23 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,000 by 50 metres (9,840 ft × 160 ft).[30][31] The airport has two terminal buildings – one for international and one for domestic operations. Recently, it added a new facility for VIP service. The international terminal has four aerobridges built in 2003. Three more aerobridges were added during the passenger terminal expansion in 2016–2017. The airport's design capacity is 5 million people per year.
Airlines and destinations edit
Passenger edit
Cargo edit
| Airlines | Destinations |
|---|---|
| Cathay Cargo | Hong Kong, Penang, Singapore[68] |
| K-Mile Air | Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi |
| Qatar Airways Cargo | Doha, Hyderabad,Yangon |
Statistics edit
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
| Year | Total passengers | Change from previous year | Total aircraft movements | Change from previous year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 600,000 | 6,000 | ||
| 1999 | 700,000 | 8,000 | ||
| 2000 | 800,000 | 9,000 | ||
| 2001 | 900,000 | 17,000 | ||
| 2002 | 900,000 | 18,000 | ||
| 2003 | 900,000 | 16,000 | ||
| 2004 | 1,200,000 | 18,000 | ||
| 2005 | 1,081,745 | 10% | 17,035 | 4% |
| 2006 | 1,322,267 | 22% | 19,282 | 13% |
| 2007 | 1,598,424 | 21% | 20,881 | 9% |
| 2008 | 1,691,870 | 6% | 20,383 | 3% |
| 2009 | 1,587,986 | 6% | 20,352 | 0.15% |
| 2010 | 1,673,421 | 6% | 20,156 | 1% |
| 2011 | 1,839,892 | 10% | 21,365 | 6% |
| 2012 | 2,077,282 | 13% | 22,534 | 6% |
| 2013 | 2,393,680 | 15% | 26,583 | 18% |
| 2014 | 2,665,894 | 12% | 27,936 | 5% |
| 2015 | 3,079,068 | 16% | 31,409 | 13% |
| 2016 | 3,388,553 | 10% | 33,435 | 7% |
| 2017 | 4,240,000 | 25% | 41,057 | 23% |
| 2018 | 5,423,000 | 28% | 52,217 | 27% |
| 2019 | 6,029,000 | 11% | 56,018 | 8% |
| 2020 | 1,331,000 | 78% | 18,346 | 67% |
| 2021 | 250,000 | 81% | 10,173 | 45% |
| 2022 | 1,971,000 | 789% | 22,323 | 220% |
| 2023 | 3,976,000 | 201% | 36,673 | 64% |
Ground transportation edit
There are a few options to transfer to or from Phnom Penh International Airport and the city. Outside the arrival hall, passengers can take a taxi provided by the Airport Taxi Association or book a ride from Grab, a ride-hailing app. In April 2018, trains operated by Royal Railway Cambodia began running express from Phnom Penh International Airport (parking area) to Phnom Penh Railway Station (City Center). Trains run every 30 minutes and the journey takes roughly 30 minutes, fare of one-way is US$2.50.[71] There is also the city bus and an airport express bus.[72]
Accidents and incidents edit
- 3 December 1973: A Douglas DC-3 XW-PHV of Air Union was reported to have crashed shortly after take-off.[73]
- 19 January 1975 A Douglas C-47A XU-HAK, Douglas DC-3 XU-KAL of Khmer Hansa and Douglas C-47A N86AC of South East Asia Air Transport were all destroyed in a rocket attack on the airport.[74][75][76]
- 22 February 1975: A Douglas C-47A XU-GAJ of Khmer Hansa was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[77]
- 10 March 1975: A Douglas DC-3 of Samaki Airlines was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[78]
- 11 March 1975: ADouglas DC-3 of Khmer Hansa was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[79]
- xx March 1975: A Vickers Viscount XW-TDN of Royal Air Lao crashed at Phnom Penh International Airport. The pilot was not qualified to fly the aircraft. All four people on board were killed.[80] Accident aircraft also reported as XW-TFK with a date of 15 March.[81]
- 11 April 1975: A Douglas DC-3 (possibly XW-PKT) of Sorya Airlines was hit by shrapnel shortly after take-off. The aircraft was destroyed by fire and two of the three occupants were killed.[82] The same day, Douglas C-47B XW-TFB of Air Cambodge was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[83]
- 3 September 1997: Vietnam Airlines Flight 815, operated by a Tupolev Tu-134 crashed on approach to Pochentong Airport, killing 65 of the 66 passengers on board. The aircraft was entirely destroyed. The aircraft was flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Phnom Penh.[84] The Tupolev was approaching the Phnom Penh airport runway in heavy rain from 2,000 meters; at this point the control tower ordered the pilot to attempt an approach from the west due to a wind pick-up. The crew then lost communication with the tower, and three minutes later the aircraft collided at low level with trees, damaging the left wing. The aircraft then slid 200 yards into a dry rice paddy before exploding. Pilot error was later identified as the cause of the crash; the pilot continued his landing descent from an altitude of 2,000 meters to 30 meters even though the runway was not in sight, and ignored pleas from his first officer and flight engineer to turn back. When the aircraft hit the trees, the pilot finally realized the runway was not in sight and tried to abort the approach; the flight engineer pushed for full power, but the aircraft lost control and veered left; the right engine then stalled, making it impossible to gain lift.[85]
See also edit
Notes edit
References edit
- ^ "Phnom Penh international airport report from VINCI Airports – 2023 traffic levels" (PDF). VINCI airports. 2023. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
- ^ "Cambodia's newest and biggest airport opens in Siem Reap, the gateway to UNESCO-listed Angkor". CNN. 18 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
- ^ "Map 12. Administrative Areas in Phnom Penh Municipality by District and Commune" (PDF). Statistics Bureau of Japan. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
- ^ "The forgotten legacy of Cambodia's abandoned airports". www.phnompenhpost.com. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "12. French Indochina/Cambodia (1945-1954)". uca.edu. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "Cambodian Rice Airlift – Air Mobility Command Museum". Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ Judiciary, United States Congress Senate (1973). Relief and Rehabilitation of War Victims in Indochina: Hearings..., 93-1.
- ^ Times, Sydney H. Schanberg Special to The New York (8 April 1975). "Rebels Overrun Outposts Near Phnom Penh Airport". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ mmc-admin (14 November 2023). "Pochentong Airport". Mapping Memories Cambodia. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "Disclosure". disclosures.ifc.org. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "IFC Provides Financing for Large Cambodian Airports Project". IFC. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "Phnom Penh airport". www.vinci-concessions.com. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ Sothanarith, Kong (31 March 2011). "After 37 Year Hiatus, Air France Resumes Flights". Voice of America. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ Finch, Steve (28 March 2011). "Signs that tourism is in for the long haul". The Phnom Penh Post. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- ^ "Cambodia poised for more double-digit growth as Cambodia Angkor Air expands and Qatar Airways enters". CAPA - Centre for Aviation. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ Pisei, Hin (13 June 2019). "Cambodia, France set to boost number of tourists". The Phnom Penh Post. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ Styllis, George (24 February 2014). "$100-Million Airport Expansion Project Begins". The Cambodia Daily.
- ^ Meszaros, Jennifer. "Cambodia Copes with Double-Digit Traffic Growth | AIN". Aviation International News. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ a b "Government approves plan to relocate Phnom Penh's airport". www.phnompenhpost.com. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ "Airport deals in the spotlight". www.phnompenhpost.com. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ Keeton-Olsen, Danielle. "In Cambodia's Siem Reap, $880m airport faces hurdles to success". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ Ratana, Uong (18 January 2018). "Government approves plan to relocate Phnom Penh's airport". Phnom Penh Post.
- ^ "China's latest Phnom Penh airport deal casts doubt on Vinci's role in Cambodian aviation". www.globalconstructionreview.com. 23 November 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ "China bags Cambodian airport contract in blow to French operator". The Nikkei. 23 November 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ "Capital's new airport construction largely unaffected by days of deluges". Khmer Times. 20 October 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ "New Phnom Penh Airport". livinginasia.co. 16 June 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ "Construction of new Phnom Penh airport on schedule". Bangkok Post. 2 December 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ "In Pictures: New Phnom Penh Airport more than 50% complete - Khmer Times". 4 September 2023. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ chivorn (22 June 2020). "PM Hun Sen: Pochentong Airport to Continue Operation after Phnom Penh International Airport in Kandal Constructed". FRESH NEWS. Retrieved 6 March 2024.
- ^ . DAFIF. Archived from the original on 21 November 2004 – via World Aero Data.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Schedule" (PDF). www.schedule-coordination.jp.
- ^ Liu, Jim. "AirAsia Cambodia Outlines Initial Operations From May 2024". AeroRoutes. Retrieved 19 March 2024.
- ^ "Air China starts Phnom Penh flights from January". KhmerTimes. 5 December 2018. Retrieved 6 December 2018.
- ^ "Cambodia Airways adds Bangkok service from April 2019". RoutesOnline. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
- ^ "Cambodia Airways offers special promotion on new route between Phnom Penh and Beijing". Khmer Times. 20 March 2023. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
- ^ "Chengdu Tianfu NS23 International Network – 21MAR23". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
- ^ "Cambodia Airways 1Q24 Mainland China Network Expansion". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
- ^ "Cambodia Airways Adds Jinan Service From late-Dec 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ https://twitter.com/CambodiaAirways/status/1768487290769121409
- ^ "Cambodia Airways to commence Phnom Penh-Sanya-Singapore service in Dec-2023". CAPA. Informa Markets. 30 November 2023.
- ^ "Cambodia Airways adds Chengdu / Shenzhen service in W19".
- ^ "Cambodia Airways Moves Singapore Service Addition to Dec 2022". AeroRoutes. 11 October 2022.
- ^ "CAMBODIA ANGKOR AIR MOVES INDIA LAUNCH TO JUNE 2024". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 1 March 2024.
- ^ "Cambodia Angkor Air Feb/Mar 2020 China inventory changes as of 30JAN20". RoutesOnline. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
- ^ "Cambodia Angkor Air Adds Phnom Penh – Guangzhou Service from July 2014". RoutesOnline. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ "Cambodia Angkor Air 1Q24 Planned Network Addition Changes – 12DEC23". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "CAMBODIA ANGKOR AIR FILES SIEM REAP-ANGKOR INTERNATIONAL SCHEDULE IN NS24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
- ^ Liu, Jim. "Cambodia Angkor Air adds Zhengzhou service in Oct 2020". Routesonline. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
- ^ Flightradar24. "Cathay Pacific flight CX600". www.flightradar24.com. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "China Southern adds Shenzhen – Phnom Penh service from late-March 2017". RoutesOnline. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ a b "Emirates Resumes Phnom Penh Service in 2Q24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ^ "INDONESIA AIRASIA EXPANDS JAKARTA NETWORK FROM APRIL 2023". Aeroroutes. 28 March 2023. Retrieved 28 March 2023.
- ^ "Lanmei Airlines adds new SE Asia routes in late-March 2020". Routesonline. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
- ^ "Lanmei Airlines Resumes Wuhan Service in Jan 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
- ^ "Lao Airlines Adds Regular Phnom Penh Service in mid-1H24". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
- ^ "Malaysia Airlines set to resume direct flights to Cambodia from November 19 - Khmer Times". November 2021.
- ^ "Philippine Airlines S19 International Network Changes as of 21Dec18". RoutesOnline. 22 December 2018.
- ^ "Qatar Airways confirms major network expansion and resumption of flights to 11 cities". Aviacionline. 7 March 2023.
- ^ "Shenzhen Airlines plans Phnom Penh service from Dec 2017". RoutesOnline. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
- ^ "SilkAir continues its journey as Singapore Airlines". Singapore Airlines.
- ^ "Sky Angkor Airlines Revies Southeast Asia Expansion From August 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
- ^ "Daily Flight between Cambodia and Thailand". Sky Angkor Airlines official website. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
- ^ "Sky Angkor Airlines Resumes Seoul Service from late-June 2022". AeroRoutes. 13 May 2022. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
- ^ "Sky Angkor Airlines Resumes Shanghai Service From late-Sep 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ^ "Thai Airways International Resumes Mainline Phnom Penh Service From mid-Aug 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
- ^ "Thai Vietjet resumes Phnom Penh flights". February 2022.
- ^ "Xiamen Airlines plans Phnom Penh flights in W17". RoutesOnline. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
- ^ "Cathay to open air freight Cambodia". Phnom Penh Post. 5 November 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
- ^ "Airfreight Directory Search Results". AZfreight.com.
- ^ . Cambodia Airports. Archived from the original on 5 October 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ "Train from Phnom Penh Airport". Gecko Routes. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
- ^ "Access & Parking". Phnom Penh Airport.
- ^ "XW-PHV Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 26 August 2010.
- ^ "XU-HAK Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
- ^ "XU-KAL Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
- ^ "N86AC Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
- ^ "XU-GAJ Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 19 August 2010.
- ^ "Hull-loss description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 20 August 2010.
- ^ "Hull-loss description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 20 August 2010.
- ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
- ^ . BAAA/ACRO. Archived from the original on 18 May 2006. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
- ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
- ^ "XW-TFB Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
- ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 22 October 2009.
- ^ "VN-A120 Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 May 2011.
Bibliography edit
- De Launey, Guy (6 February 2006). "Budget flights arrive in Southeast Asia", BBC.
External links edit
Media related to Phnom Penh International Airport at Wikimedia Commons
- Phnom Penh International Airport at Cambodia International Airports website
- Current weather for VDPP at NOAA/NWS
- Accident history for PNH at Aviation Safety Network