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National conservatism

April 02, 2023

National conservatism is a nationalist variant of conservatism that concentrates on upholding national and cultural identity. National conservatives usually combine nationalism with conservative stances promoting traditional cultural values, family values, and opposition to immigration.[1][2][3]

It shares characteristics with traditionalist conservatism and social conservatism since all three variations focus on preservation and tradition. As national conservatism seeks to preserve national interests, traditionalist conservatism emphasizes the preservation of social order. Additionally, social conservatism emphasizes traditional family values which regulate moral behavior to preserve one's traditional status in society.[4][5][6][2][3] National conservative parties often have roots in environments with a rural, traditionalist or peripheral basis, contrasting with the more urban support base of liberal conservative parties.[7] In Europe, most embrace some form of Euroscepticism.[1][8]

Most conservative parties in post-communist Central and Eastern Europe since 1989 have been national conservative.[9]

Ideology

Social policies

Ideologically, national conservatives lean towards patriotism, nationalism, cultural conservatism, and monoculturalism, while opposing internationalism, globalism, multiculturalism, and cultural pluralism. National conservatives adhere to a form of cultural nationalism that emphasizes the preservation of national identity as well as cultural identity. As a result, many favor assimilation into the dominant culture, restrictions on immigration, and strict law and order policies.[1][2][3]

National conservative parties are "socially traditional"[1] and support traditional family values, gender roles, and religion.[10][2] According to the Austrian political scientist Sieglinde Rosenberger, "national conservatism praises the family as a home and a center of identity, solidarity, and tradition".[10] Many national conservatives are thus social conservatives.

Economic policies

National conservative parties in different countries do not necessarily share a common position on economic policy. Their views may range from support of a corporatism to a mixed economy to a laissez-faire approach.[citation needed] In the first, more common case, national conservatives can be distinguished from liberal conservatives,[11] for whom free market economic policies, deregulation, and tight spending are the main priorities. Some commentators have indeed identified a growing gap between national and economic liberal conservatism: "Most parties of the Right [today] are run by economically liberal conservatives who, in varying degrees, have marginalized social, cultural, and national conservatives."[11]

Regionalist conservatism

Main article: Regionalism (politics)

In some contexts, the "nationalism" of a regional party may not align with the country to which the region belongs. South Tyrol is a notable example, as the "national conservative" movements there represent its majority German-speaking population, and identify with their German-speaking neighbors, particularly Austria, which borders South Tyrol, and with which South Tyrol shares cultural and historical ties.

List of national conservative political parties

Current national conservative parties, or parties with national conservative factions

 
Japan's national conservative LDP has long dominated the country's politics. (see 1955 System.)

The following political parties have been characterised as national conservative, at least as one of their ideological influences.

Defunct or formerly national conservative parties, or parties with national conservative factions

See also

References

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April 02, 2023
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National conservatism is a nationalist variant of conservatism that concentrates on upholding national and cultural identity National conservatives usually combine nationalism with conservative stances promoting traditional cultural values family values and opposition to immigration 1 2 3 It shares characteristics with traditionalist conservatism and social conservatism since all three variations focus on preservation and tradition As national conservatism seeks to preserve national interests traditionalist conservatism emphasizes the preservation of social order Additionally social conservatism emphasizes traditional family values which regulate moral behavior to preserve one s traditional status in society 4 5 6 2 3 National conservative parties often have roots in environments with a rural traditionalist or peripheral basis contrasting with the more urban support base of liberal conservative parties 7 In Europe most embrace some form of Euroscepticism 1 8 Most conservative parties in post communist Central and Eastern Europe since 1989 have been national conservative 9 Contents 1 Ideology 1 1 Social policies 1 2 Economic policies 2 Regionalist conservatism 3 List of national conservative political parties 3 1 Current national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions 3 2 Defunct or formerly national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions 4 See also 5 ReferencesIdeology EditSocial policies Edit Ideologically national conservatives lean towards patriotism nationalism cultural conservatism and monoculturalism while opposing internationalism globalism multiculturalism and cultural pluralism National conservatives adhere to a form of cultural nationalism that emphasizes the preservation of national identity as well as cultural identity As a result many favor assimilation into the dominant culture restrictions on immigration and strict law and order policies 1 2 3 National conservative parties are socially traditional 1 and support traditional family values gender roles and religion 10 2 According to the Austrian political scientist Sieglinde Rosenberger national conservatism praises the family as a home and a center of identity solidarity and tradition 10 Many national conservatives are thus social conservatives Economic policies Edit National conservative parties in different countries do not necessarily share a common position on economic policy Their views may range from support of a corporatism to a mixed economy to a laissez faire approach citation needed In the first more common case national conservatives can be distinguished from liberal conservatives 11 for whom free market economic policies deregulation and tight spending are the main priorities Some commentators have indeed identified a growing gap between national and economic liberal conservatism Most parties of the Right today are run by economically liberal conservatives who in varying degrees have marginalized social cultural and national conservatives 11 Regionalist conservatism EditMain article Regionalism politics In some contexts the nationalism of a regional party may not align with the country to which the region belongs South Tyrol is a notable example as the national conservative movements there represent its majority German speaking population and identify with their German speaking neighbors particularly Austria which borders South Tyrol and with which South Tyrol shares cultural and historical ties List of national conservative political parties EditCurrent national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions Edit Japan s national conservative LDP has long dominated the country s politics see 1955 System The following political parties have been characterised as national conservative at least as one of their ideological influences Albania Democratic Party of Albania 9 Republican Party of Albania 12 Armenia Conservative Party Constitutional Rights Union For Social Justice Prosperous Armenia Republican Party of Armenia 13 Sasna Tsrer Pan Armenian Party 5165 National Conservative Movement Party Austria Freedom Party of Austria 14 Alliance for the Future of Austria 15 Australia Pauline Hanson s One Nation 16 Bangladesh Bangladesh Nationalist Party Belarus BPF Party Conservative Christian Party BPF Belgium Vlaams Belang 17 Bosnia and Herzegovina Party of Democratic Action 18 Democratic People s Alliance 19 Party of Democratic Progress 9 Brazil Alliance for Brazil 20 21 Progressistas 22 Brazilian Labour Party Patriota Bulgaria GERB Revival IMRO Bulgarian National Movement 23 National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria Union of Democratic Forces 9 Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria 9 Democratic Party 9 Cambodia Cambodian People s Party 24 Canada People s Party of Canada 25 Chile Republican Party Chile 2019 Croatia Homeland Movement 26 Croatian Sovereignists 27 Croatian Democratic Union 28 Cyprus Solidarity Movement 29 Czech Republic Tricolour Citizens Movement Civic Democratic Party 30 31 Denmark Danish People s Party 32 The New Right 33 Denmark Democrats Estonia Conservative People s Party of Estonia 34 Isamaa 9 Finland Finns Party 35 36 France National Rally 37 France Arise 38 Movement for France 39 Action Francaise 40 Reconquete Georgia Conservative Party of Georgia Alliance of Patriots of Georgia Germany Alternative for Germany 41 The Republicans 42 German Social Union 43 Greece Independent Greeks 44 Greek Solution 45 Golden Dawn 46 New Right 47 Hungary Fidesz 9 48 49 Christian Democratic People s Party 50 Independent Smallholders Party 50 Jobbik 51 Our Homeland Movement India Bharatiya Janata Party 52 Hindu Mahasabha 53 Indonesia Great Indonesia Movement Party 54 Golkar 55 Ireland Fianna Fail 56 Israel Likud 57 58 Yamina Italy Brothers of Italy 59 Forza Italia faction Protagonist Italy Citizens Union for South Tyrol 60 South Tyrolean Freedom 60 61 regionalist Japan Liberal Democratic Party 62 63 Kenya Jubilee Party Latvia National Alliance 64 Liechtenstein Progressive Citizens Party 65 Lithuania Homeland Union 9 Order and Justice 66 Luxembourg Alternative Democratic Reform Party 67 Malaysia United Malays National Organisation 68 Moldova Șor Party Montenegro New Serb Democracy 69 Myanmar Union Solidarity and Development Party 70 Nepal Rastriya Prajatantra Party Netherlands Forum for Democracy 71 JA21 North Macedonia VMRO DPMNE 9 72 VMRO People s Party 73 Norway Progress Party 74 The Democrats 75 Panama Panamenista Party 76 Paraguay Colorado Party 77 Philippines Nacionalista Party 78 Poland United Right Law and Justice 9 79 and United Poland 80 Confederation Liberty and Independence factions 81 82 mainly National Movement 83 Right Wing of the Republic 83 Portugal CDS People s Party 84 Enough 85 Romania National Identity Bloc in Europe Greater Romania Party 86 and United Romania Party Alliance for the Union of Romanians 87 88 People s Movement Party 89 90 91 92 93 94 Russia All Russia People s Front 95 96 United Russia 97 and Rodina 98 Great Russia Russian All People s Union 99 Serbia Democratic Party of Serbia 9 100 Serbian Radical Party Serbian Patriotic Alliance 101 United Serbia Serbian People s Party People s Peasant Party New Serbia Better Serbia Fatherland People s Freedom Movement Serbian Party Oathkeepers Serbian Right Obraz Movement for the Restoration of the Kingdom of Serbia Singapore People s Action Party 102 Slovakia We Are Family 103 Slovak National Party 1 Slovenia Slovenian Democratic Party 9 South Korea People Power Party 104 Spain Vox 105 Sweden Sweden Democrats 106 Switzerland Swiss People s Party 107 Federal Democratic Union 108 Taiwan Kuomintang Chinese Nationalist Party 109 New Party Thailand People s State Power Party 110 Turkey People s Alliance 111 Justice and Development Party 112 and Nationalist Movement Party 113 Nation Alliance factions mainly Good Party 119 and Homeland Party Ukraine Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists People s Front 120 Svoboda 121 National Corps Right Sector 122 United Kingdom Democratic Unionist Party 123 Traditional Unionist Voice 124 UK Independence Party 125 British Democrats Reform UK Conservative Party UK faction United States Republican Party factions 126 American Freedom PartyDefunct or formerly national conservative parties or parties with national conservative factions Edit Austria Fatherland Front Belgium Rexist Party 127 Vlaams Blok 128 Brazil Brazilian Integralist Action 129 Canada Union Nationale 130 Czech Republic Realists Czechoslovakia Czechoslovak National Democracy 131 Party of National Unity 132 France Rally for the Republic 56 Germany German National People s Party 133 Deutsche Rechtspartei 134 The Blue Party 135 German People s Union 136 Hungary Hungarian Democratic Forum 49 50 Unity Party 137 India Bharatiya Jana Sangh 138 Iran Rastakhiz Party 139 failed verification Israel National Union Hatikva Union of Right Wing Parties Italy National Fascist Party 140 Italian Nationalist Association 141 Italian Social Movement National Alliance 142 143 The Right 144 Norway Fatherland League 145 Poland National Democracy 146 League of Polish Families 147 148 Kukiz 15 149 Portugal National Union 150 Romania Conservative Party 9 151 152 153 154 155 156 Slovakia Slovak People s Party 157 Slovak National Party People s Party Movement for a Democratic Slovakia Conservative Democrats of Slovakia 158 South Africa National Party 159 South Korea Democratic Republican Party 160 Democratic Justice Party New Korea Party Liberty Korea Party 161 Spain FET y de las JONS 150 CEDA 162 People s Alliance 163 Yugoslavia Yugoslav Radical Union Yugoslav National Movement 164 See also Edit Conservatism portalAlliance of Conservatives and Reformists in Europe European Alliance for Freedom Europe of Nations and Freedom Fascism Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom Nationalism Nippon Kaigi Neo nationalism Opposition to immigration Paleoconservatism Radical right Europe Right wing populism Social conservatism Souverainism Traditionalist conservatism The Virtue of Nationalism Trumpism K TrumpismReferences Edit a b c d e Wolfram Nordsieck Parties and Elections in Europe Parties and elections eu Retrieved 9 May 2015 a b c d National Conservatism A Guide for the Perplexed 15 August 2019 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link a b c The national conservatism movement just began does it have a future The Daily Dot 11 August 2019 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link ANDREW HEYWOOD 2018 ESSENTIALS OF POLITICAL IDEAS for a level S l PALGRAVE ISBN 978 1137611673 OCLC 1005867754 Berkowitz Peter ed 2004 Varieties of conservatism in America Stanford Calif Hoover Institution Press ISBN 0817945725 OCLC 839305105 Dahms Harry F ed 7 November 2014 Mediations of social life in the 21st century Bingle UK ISBN 9781784412227 OCLC 896728569 Vit Hlousek Lubomir Kopecek 2010 Origin Ideology and 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