The Conversation (website)

The Conversation is a network of nonprofit media outlets publishing news stories and research reports online, with accompanying expert opinion and analysis.^[1][2] Articles are written by academics and researchers under a Creative Commons license, allowing reuse without modification. Copyright terms for images are generally listed in the image caption and attribution.^[3][2] Its model has been described as explanatory journalism.^[4][5][6] Except in "exceptional circumstances", it only publishes articles by "academics employed by, or otherwise formally connected to, accredited institutions, including universities and accredited research bodies".^[7]: 8

The Conversation

Type of business	Nonprofit
Type of site	Analysis, commentary, research, news
Available in	English, French, Spanish, Indonesian
Founded	April 2010 (2010-04)
Headquarters	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Country of origin	Australia
Area served	Australia, Africa, Brazil, Canada, Europe, France, United Kingdom, United States, Indonesia, New Zealand, Spain
Founder(s)	Andrew Jaspan, Jack Rejtman
Employees	150+ (2020)
URL	theconversation.com
Commercial	No
Registration	Optional
Launched	24 March 2011; 12 years ago (2011-03-24)
Current status	Active
Content license	CC Attribution / No derivatives 4.0
ISSN	2201-5639

The website was launched in Australia in March 2011.^[8][9] The network has since expanded globally with a variety of local editions originating from around the world.^[10][11] In September 2019, The Conversation reported a monthly online audience of 10.7 million users, and a combined reach of 40 million people when including republication.^[12] The site employed more than 150 full-time staff as of 2020.^[13]

Each regional or national edition of The Conversation is an independent nonprofit or charity funded by various sources such as partnered universities and university systems, governments and other grant awarding bodies, corporate partners, and reader donations.^[13][14][15]

History

Launch

The Conversation was co-founded by Andrew Jaspan and Jack Rejtman,^[16] and launched in Australia in March 2011.^[8][9]

Jaspan first discussed the concept of The Conversation in 2009 with Glyn Davis, vice chancellor at the University of Melbourne. Jaspan wrote a report for the university communications department on the university's engagement with the public, envisioning the university as "a giant newsroom", with academics and researchers collaboratively providing expert, informed content that engaged with the news cycle and major current affairs issues.^[17] This vision became the blueprint for The Conversation.

Jaspan and Rejtman were provided support by Melbourne University in mid-2009 that allowed time to incubate the business model. By February 2010, they had developed their model, branding, and business identity that they launched to potential support partners by way of an Information Memorandum in February 2010.^[18]

The founders secured $10m in funding from four universities (Melbourne, Monash, Australian National University, University of Western Australia), CSIRO, the Victorian State Government, the Australian Federal Government, and the Commonwealth Bank of Australia.^{[1][additional citation(s) needed]} The Conversation Media Group opened its Carlton office in November 2010 with a small team, and launched to the public in March 2011.^{[citation needed]}

Departure of Andrew Jaspan

In March 2017, Andrew Jaspan resigned as executive director and editor, six months after being placed on enforced leave after complaints from senior staff in Melbourne about his management style and the global direction of the group.^[19][20] Management of the UK, U.S., and Africa offices also wrote a letter of no confidence to the Conversation Media Group asking that Jaspan not have an active role in the future.^[21]

Content

Articles are written by academic researchers in their respective areas of expertise.^[22][23][24] They either pitch topics or are specifically commissioned to write on a topic in which they are a subject-matter expert, including for articles about current events.^[15][25] The Conversation's core staff then edits these articles, ensuring a balance between reader accessibility and academic rigour.^[13][23] Editors who work for the site frequently have past experience working for traditional news outlets.^[26] The original authors then review the edited version.^[9][27] Topics include politics, society, health, science, and the environment.^[15][28] Authors are required to disclose conflicts of interest.^[29] All articles are published under a Creative Commons Attribution/No derivatives licence.^[27][30]

Fact checking

The site often publishes fact-checks that are produced by academics from major universities, then blind peer reviewed by another academic who comments on the accuracy of the fact check.^[31][32]

In 2016, the FactCheck unit of The Conversation became accredited by the International Fact-Checking Network, an alliance of fact-checkers hosted at the Poynter Institute in the U.S.^[33][34] The assessment criteria require non-partisanship, fairness, transparency of funding, sources, and methods, as well as a commitment to open and honest corrections.^[35]

Technology

The Conversation uses a custom publishing and content management system built in Ruby on Rails. This system enables authors and editors to collaborate on articles in real time.^[25][36] Articles link to author profiles—including disclosure statements—and personal dashboards showing authors' engagement with the public.^[37][27] This is intended to encourage authors for the site to become more familiar with social media and their audience.^[38]

International editions

Each edition of The Conversation has a unique content set, editor-in-chief, and board of advisors.^[26] From its first Melbourne-headquartered Australian edition, The Conversation has expanded to a global network of eight editions, operating in multiple languages.

This has included expansions into the United Kingdom in 2013,^[39] United States in 2014,^[40] Africa and France in 2015,^[41][42] Canada, Indonesia, and New Zealand in 2017,.^[28][43][44] Spain in 2018,^[45] Europe and Brasil in 2024.^[46][47] The website also has an international staff.^[11]

As of 2018, 36% of its readership was in Australia, 29% was in the United States, 7% in the United Kingdom, 4% in Canada, and 24% elsewhere.^[48]

Edition	Year of Launch	Editor	Management	Number of Editors
Australia	2011	Misha Ketchell	Lisa Watts (CEO)	24^[49]
United Kingdom	2013	Jo Adetunji	Chris Waiting (CEO)	23^[49]
United States	2014	Beth Daley	Bruce Wilson (Chief Innovation and Development Officer)	17^[49]
Africa	2015	Caroline Southey	Alexandra Storey (general manager)	13^[49]
France	2015	Fabrice Rousselot	Caroline Nourry (Directrice générale)	12^[49]
Canada	2017	Scott White		9^[49]
Indonesia	2017	Prodita Sabarini		7^[49]
New Zealand	2017	Veronika Meduna
Spain	2018	Rafael Sarralde	Miguel Castro (Secretario general)	8^[49]
Europe^[50]	2023	Natalie Sauer
Brasil^[51]	2023	Daniel Stycer

Across the whole network, stories commissioned by The Conversation are now republished in 90 countries, in 23 languages, and read more than 40m times a month.^[52]

The Conversation Africa

The Conversation launched an African edition in May 2015. It launched in Johannesburg. Within its first year, it was endorsed by 21 African universities and had 240 academics contribute to the project.^[53] It has offices in Kenya, Senegal, Nigeria, South Africa, and Ghana. As of 2021, most of the authors who published content in The Conversation Africa were affiliated with South African universities, and the website content initially focused on South Africa.^[54] The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation provided $3m funding.^[55]

The Conversation Canada

The Canadian edition of The Conversation was co-founded on 26 June 2017 by Alfred Hermida and Mary Lynn Young, associate professors in the field of journalism at the University of British Columbia. Launch funding was partly provided in the form of a $200,000 grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council. The project was joined by Universities Canada as a strategic sponsor, and it partnered with a number of Canadian universities such as the University of Toronto.^[14] The founding editor of The Conversation Canada is Scott White, the former editor-in-chief of The Canadian Press.^[14][56] A French-language Canadian edition, La Conversation Canada, launched in 2018.^[56]

The Conversation France

A French edition of the website launched in September 2015.^[42][55] It is based in Paris, France.^[42] Didier Pourquery [fr] was the editor of the French edition at launch.^[42] It launched with Fabrice Rousselot as its publication director. He previously worked for Libération.^[42][55] It received initial backing from French academic institutions, including the University of Lorraine, France's Conference of University Presidents, Paris Sciences et Lettres University, and the Institut Universitaire de France. It began with a budget of €1 million.^[55]

The Conversation UK

Andrew Jaspan secured seed funding to develop the case to launch The Conversation into the UK in 2012.^[57] It launched in the UK on 16 May 2013 with Jonathan Hyams as chief executive, Stephen Khan as editor, and Max Landry as chief operating officer, alongside co-founder, Andrew Jaspan. It had 13 founder members, including City, University of London.^[58] City's president, professor Sir Paul Curran chaired its board of trustees. Landry took over from Hyams as chief executive shortly after launch.

By February 2014, the site had attained additional funding from academic research institutions including Research Councils UK and SAGE Publishing. They then hired six additional editors and expanded the UK edition's topical coverage.^[59] By August 2014, the UK branch published articles written by approximately 3,000 academics.^[60] Membership grew to more than 80 universities in the UK and Europe, including Cambridge, Oxford, and Trinity College Dublin. By 2019, it had published 24,000 articles written by 14,000 academics.^[52] In April 2018, it appointed former BBC and AP executive Chris Waiting as its new CEO.^[61] The Conversation UK is 90 per cent funded by partnered universities,^[25] with other funding from the Higher Education Funding Council for England and the Wellcome Trust.^[25][57] In 2019, the site became a member of the Independent Monitor for the Press, an independent press regulator.^[62]

The Conversation U.S.

Andrew Jaspan was invited in 2012 to bring The Conversation to the United States. Thomas Fiedler, then dean of the School of Communications at Boston University, offered to host The Conversation U.S. and provide space for the first newsroom. With a university base established, he was able to raise the $2.3m launch funding. The U.S. edition of The Conversation was first published on 21 October 2014,^[63] initially led by Jaspan as U.S. CEO, Margaret Drain as editor, and Bruce Wilson leading development and university relations. The U.S. pilot was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, and four other foundations. Maria Balinska became editor in 2015, before she moved to the US-UK Fulbright Commission. She was succeeded by Beth Daley, who became editor and general manager in 2019.^[64][65] The U.S. edition of The Conversation was originally based at Boston University, and that was its first partnered university.^[65][24][29] It later opened offices in Atlanta and New York.^[27] Other partnered institutions include Harvard University and MIT.^[65]

Reception

Articles originally published in The Conversation have received republication on a regular basis by major news outlets. These have included The New York Times, The Guardian, The Washington Post, and CNN.^[23][5][4] As of 2015, approximately 80 per cent of the site readership were of a non-academic background.^[66]

The Conversation has been described in Public Understanding of Science as "a blend of scientific communication, public science communication and science journalism, and a convergence of the professional worlds of science and journalism".^[54]

See also

• Academic freedom
• Climate communication
• JSTOR Daily
• Media transparency
• Non-profit journalism
• Open research
• ProPublica
• Science communication
• Quanta Magazine
• Undark Magazine

References

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17. "Who We Are". The Conversation Australia. The Conversation Media Group. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
18. "The Conversation Launch". The Conversation. Jaspan and Rejtman. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
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20. Flitton, Daniel; Bowden, Ebony (31 March 2017). "Andrew Jaspan resigns as editor of The Conversation". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
21. Meade, Amanda (21 December 2016). "The Conversation's chairman resigns amid standoff over future of Andrew Jaspan". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
22. Samios, Zoe (22 September 2021). "Facebook snubs SBS, The Conversation on media deals". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
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24. Hobson, Jeremy; Folkenflik, David (5 November 2014). "'The Conversation' Hopes To Bring 'Academic Rigor' To News". WBUR-FM. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
25. Mayhew, Freddy (14 June 2018). "The Conversation's UK editor on five years of producing a 'new kind of journalism' as academics take the bylines". Press Gazette. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
26. Wang, Shan (15 September 2015). "With writing by academics and underwriting from universities, The Conversation finds its place". Nieman Journalism Lab. Nieman Foundation for Journalism. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
27. "The Conversation: Writing for the General Public and How to Keep on Top of New Research". The Digitally Agile Researcher. Natalia Kucirkova, Oliver Quinlan. London, England. 2017. ISBN 978-0-335-26152-9. OCLC 1004065829.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
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32. Brookes, Stephanie; Rodger, Nicola (April 2018). "Checking the Facts: Campaign coverage, online journalism and fact-checking in the 2016 Australian federal and US presidential election campaigns". Journalism Education and Research Association of Australia. p. 13. Retrieved 11 October 2021.
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34. "The Conversation FactCheck from Australia". International Fact-Checking Network. The Poynter Institute. 2017–2018. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
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37. Trounson, Andrew (28 March 2011). "Getting the message out". The Australian. Archived from the original on 12 September 2012. Retrieved 7 April 2011.
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64. Daley, Beth (4 March 2019). "A letter from Beth Daley". The Conversation. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
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66. Zion, Lawrie; Craig, David (27 August 2014). Ethics for Digital Journalists: Emerging Best Practices. Routledge. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-135-11423-7.

Further reading

• Jaspan, Andrew (2014). "A brief journey in search of trusted information". A Love of Ideas. Albert Park, Vic.: Future Leaders. pp. 165–176. ISBN 978-0-9874807-2-9. OCLC 868564109.
• Robin, Myriam (11 June 2014). "How "The Conversation" is slowly taking over the world". Crikey.
• Pourquery, Didier (1 December 2019). "The Conversation, phare dans la nuit médiatique ?" [The Conversation, beacon in the media night?]. Le Journal de l'École de Paris du Management (in French). 140 (6): 15–21. doi:10.3917/jepam.140.0015. ISSN 1253-2711. S2CID 212817869.
• Hermida, Alfred; Varano, Lisa; Young, Mary Lynn (21 July 2022). "The University as a "Giant Newsroom": Not-for-profit journalism during COVID-19". In Ferrucci, Patrick; Eldridge II, Scott A. (eds.). The Institutions Changing Journalism: Barbarians Inside the Gate. Taylor & Francis, Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781003140399-6. ISBN 978-1-000-61575-3.
• Chen, Sibo (22 June 2022). "Reporting in a Time of Crisis: Progressive Alternative Media's Coverage of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada". Journalism Practice: 1–18. doi:10.1080/17512786.2022.2090999. ISSN 1751-2786. S2CID 250008047.
• Fleerackers, Alice; Riedlinger, Michelle; Bruns, Axel; Burgess, Jean (December 2022). "Academic explanatory journalism and emerging COVID-19 science: how social media accounts amplify The Conversation's preprint coverage". Media International Australia. doi:10.1177/1329878X221145022. S2CID 254876354.
• Granger, Jacob (15 February 2023). "How The Conversation is attracting younger readers". Journalism.co.uk.

External links

• Official website
• ACNC Charity Register entry