List of wars involving Chile

This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Chile from 1810 to the present.

•   Chilean victory: in case of being an international war or that has an international scope due to the quality of the belligerents.
•   Indecisive or inconclusive: in the case of a war of the same nature as in the case of a Chilean victory, but with an unclear or controversial result.
•   Internal confrontation: in the case of a Chilean internal war, whatever the winning faction.

Confrontation	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Spanish American wars of independence (1810–1833) Chilean participation on: Chilean War of Independence Argentine War of Independence Peruvian War of Independence Colombian War of Independence^[Note 1] Ecuadorian War of Independence Mexican War of Independence^[Note 2]	Patriots:^[Note 3] Chile Gran Colombia Río de la Plata Mexico Peru Bolivia Paraguay Banda Oriental Amerindian allies of the Patriots	Royalists: Spanish Monarchy  Spain Spanish America Amerindian allies of the Royalists	Victory End of all Spanish domains in Americas, with the exception of Cuba and Puerto Rico Formation of the new Hispanic American states The Banda Oriental, although it defeated the royalists, ended up being conquered by the Portuguese Empire in 1820 Subsequently, Spain recognizes each of the new Hispanic American states through the signing of international treaties^[Note 4]
Conquest of Chiloé (1820-1826)	Chile	Spain Governorate of Chiloé	Victory Treaty of Tantauco Chiloe is annexed by Chile
Corsair Cruise Incident "La Argentina" (1819)	Chile	Río de la Plata	Victory Hippolyte Bouchard is captured and then liberated Confiscate of the properties.
Brigandage of the Pincheira Brothers (1827–1832)	Chile  Río de la Plata Pampas and Mapuche Allies	Montoneras of Pincheira Pampas and Mapuche Allies	Victory End of the montoneras of Pincheira and relocation in Chile of the families that lived in the Pincheira camps The Chilean government pardoned José Antonio, the last leader of the Pincheira Rural banditry persists for several years but to a lesser extent Argentine campaign on the Desert (1833–34) Sporadic conflicts in La Frontera (1835–1859)
Chilean Civil War of 1829–1830 (1829–1830)	Pelucones	Pipiolos	Pelucones victory Establishment of the Conservative Republic Political preponderance of Diego Portales
Desert Campaign (1833–1834)	Chile (co-belligerant)  Argentine Confederation (primary combatant)	Indians of Patagonia: Pampas indians Ranquel Tehuelches Mapuches	Victory
La Frontera conflicts (1835–1859) Part of Mapuche conflict	Chile	Mapuche Tribes	Inconclusive Chilean elites call for the incorporation the Araucanía to the Republic of Chile to end the Mapuche malones and prevent the Chilean dissidents from taking refuge in that territory^[citation needed]
War of the Confederation (1836–1839)	Chile Peruvian Dissidents Peruvian Exiles (1836–1837) Government of La Fuente (1837) Peruvian Exiles (1837–1838) Government of Gamarra (1838–1839)  Argentina	Peru-Bolivian Confederation Orbegoso Government	Victory Dissolution of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation The Orbegoso government is defeated during the course of the war Restoration of the republics of Peru (unification of the North and South States of Peru) and Bolivia Exile of Andrés de Santa Cruz Chile obtains international prestige and the commercial hegemony of Valparaíso in the Pacific^[4] Military tension between Peru and Bolivia Argentina, after the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, negotiated with Bolivia the recovery of the territory it had lost during the war^[5]
Uprising of Quillota (1837)	Chilean Government	Rebels of Quillota	Government victory The rebels execute the Minister Diego Portales Defeat of the rebels and execution of their leader, Colonel José Antonio Vidaurre
Iquicha War^[Note 5] (1839)	Peru  Chile	Iquichanos	Victory Signature of the Treaty of Yanallay in which the Iquichanos submit to the Republic of Peru Isolation of the caudillo Antonio Huachaca
Chilean Revolution of 1851 (1851)	Chilean Government	Liberal Rebels Mapuche Allies Mañil Clan	Government victory Survival of the conservative government Repression and exile of intellectuals and liberal politicians
Chilean Revolution of 1859 (1859)	Chilean Government	Liberal Rebels Mapuche Allies	Government victory Temporary survival of the conservative government Exile of the liberal Pedro León Gallo until 1863 Presidential candidacy of José Joaquín Pérez, who was elected and started the Liberal Republic in 1861 The Radical Party of Chile emerged in 1863 from the seed of the revolution
Occupation of Araucanía (1861–1883) Part of Mapuche conflict	Chile Mapuche Allies	Mapuche Tribes Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia (1861-1862)	Victory Incorporation of Araucanía into Chile Fall of the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia The Mapuche tribes are concentrated in land reductions Entry of Chileans and European immigrants into the territory Infrastructure build-up in the territory Violence and lawlessness in the areas for decades are generated
Chincha Islands War (1864–1866)	Chile  Peru  Ecuador  Bolivia	Spain	Indecisive, both sides claimed victory Spanish withdrawal from the Chincha Islands Decline of the Chilean merchant fleet and subsequent resurgence The state of war is maintained between the belligerent parties until the signing of an indefinite armistice in 1871 Subsequently, Spain and the South American allies signed peace treaties separately: Peru (1879), Bolivia (1879), Chile (1883) and Ecuador (1885)
War of the Pacific (1879–1883)	Chile	Peru  Bolivia	Victory Signing of the Treaty of Ancón between Chile and Peru in 1883 Signing of the Treaty of Valparaiso between Chile and Bolivia in 1884 Bolivia becomes de facto and de jure landlocked Peruvian Civil War of 1884–1885 Saltpeter becomes Chile's main source of wealth for several years Emergence of the military and political influence of Chile in South America^[7] Tension between Chile and Argentina due to the dispute over the Puna de Atacama Rivalry between Chile and the United States^[7]^[Note 6]
Panama Crisis (1885)	Colombia  Chile	Panamanian Rebels United States	Victory Rebellion suppressed Colón burned
Annexation of Easter Island (1888)	Chile	Kingdom of Rapa Nui	Victory Easter Island is annexed into Chile
Chilean Civil War of 1891 (1891)	Chilean Government	Congressist Junta	Congressist victory Suicide of President José Manuel Balmaceda Ascent of Jorge Montt to the presidency Beginning of the Parliamentary period The tensions between Chile and the United States during the war led to the Baltimore crisis^[9]
Chile Chico War^[10] (1918)	Businessman Carlos von Flack Some contingents of the Army Carabineros Corps^[Note 7]	Chilean settlers of Chile Chico	Chilean settlers victory Chilean government annulled the lease with Carlos Von Flack of the lands located on the south bank of the Buenos Aires Lake and recognized the right of Chilean settlers over them Chilean government analyzes with greater rigor the contracts with exploitation companies The position of the settlers was strengthened in front of the big exploiting companies during the colonization process of Aysén The events attracted the interest of many Chileans to settle in these lands
Chilean naval mutiny of 1931 (1931)	Chilean Government	Chilean Navy Rebels	Government victory Capitulation of the navy and delivery of the ships to the government authorities Court-martialed to the mutineers
World War II (1943–1945) American Theater (World War II) Latin America during World War II Operation Bolívar Chile during World War II Relevant milestones regarding Chile: Covert operations against Nazi agents by the PDI through Department 50 (1939–1945)^[13] Cooperation with the United States before and after the official entry of Chile into the war^[14] Sinking of the steam Toltén (13 March 1942)^[15] Chile broke diplomatic relations with all the Axis powers (20 January 1943) Nominal support of Allied forces in the Battle of the Caribbean Surveillance, confinement and expulsion of Japanese accused of espionage, and to a lesser extent of Germans and Italians^[16] Chile declared war on Japan (13 April 1945)	United States  Soviet Union  United Kingdom  China  France  Poland  Canada  Australia  New Zealand  India  South Africa  Yugoslavia  Greece  Denmark  Norway  Netherlands  Belgium  Luxembourg  Czechoslovakia  Brazil  Mexico  Chile  Bolivia  Colombia  Ecuador  Paraguay  Peru  Venezuela  Uruguay  Argentina	Germany  Japan  Italy  Hungary  Romania  Bulgaria  Croatia  Slovakia  Finland  Thailand  Manchukuo  Mengjiang	Victory Collapse of the German Reich Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers Beginning of the Cold War With respect to Chile: Department 50 managed to interrupt the activities of German or pro-Nazi agents in Chile and help in other parts of Latin America^[13] Chilean authorities thwart Nazi plots to attack the Panama Canal and mines in northern Chile^[17] Chile becomes a founding member of the United Nations when it was established in 1945.^[18] Chile, as part of the allies, participated in the signing of the Treaty of San Francisco in 1951, which regularized the situation with Japan
Beagle conflict (1958–1984) List of incidents during the Beagle conflict	Chile	Argentina	Victory Chile's support for the United Kingdom during the Falklands War. Cancellation of planned Argentine invasion of Chile. Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina. Chile manages to maintain its bioceanic sovereignty.
Laguna del Desierto incident (1965) Part of hostile incidents at the Argentine border	Chile	Argentina	Stalemate Status quo ante bellum
Armed Resistance in Chile (1973–1990) Part of the Cold War	Chilean Government	Far-left guerrillas: MIR MJL FPMR	Government victory The armed groups of the extreme left fail to overthrow the military government With the national plebiscite of 1988, on 11 March 1990, the end of the military government and the beginning of the transition to democracy took place The levels of violence carried out by armed groups of the extreme left diminished considerably with the return of democracy, since this fact led to the demobilization of most of them Several isolated attacks continued, executed by dissident groups
2004 Haitian coup d'état (2004)	United Nations  United States  Chile  Canada  France  Brazil	Haiti	Victory Fall of Jean-Bertrand Aristide

Notes

1. The Chilean privateer Los Andes attacked the royalist garrisons in different points of the western coast of present-day Colombia between 1819 and 1820, with the aim of supporting General Simón Bolívar's forces that were fighting in the interior.^[1]
2. The First Chilean Navy Squadron, commanded by Admiral Thomas Cochrane, was on the western coast of Mexico between 1821 and 1822.^[2]
3. In this section of "combatant 1" appear the independent governments that managed to consolidate at the end of the war, with the only exception of the Banda Oriental, which would have another destination. Later, some of these governments disintegrated, as happened with Gran Colombia (Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador) or the First Mexican Empire (Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador and Costa Rica). Uruguay (ex Banda Oriental) and Panama would be formed because of other conflicts.
4. On 25 April 1844, Spain officially recognized the independence of Chile through a Treaty of Peace and Friendship.^[3]
5. After the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, the iquichano leader Antonio Huachaca provoked an armed uprising against the Chilean-Peruvian victors. Chilean troops fought against these rebels until peace was achieved.^[6]
6. During the course of the Pacific War, the United States intervened diplomatically in favor of Peru and Bolivia, trying to avoid the territorial cession in favor of Chile. This generated an atmosphere of tension or rivalry between both countries, especially because Chile emerged as a regional power after the war. The greatest example of this struggle between Chile and the United States was the Panama crisis of 1885.^[8] The Chilean Civil War of 1891 would end up diminishing Chile's position against the United States.
7. In 1903, the Army Carabineros Corps was created, in charge of exercising internal security functions.^[11] This unit belonged to the cavalry branch of the Chilean Army.^[12] On 27 April 1927, the Army Carabineros Corps merged with the Fiscal Police, thus forming the current institution known as Carabiniers of Chile.^[12]

References

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wars of Chile.

1. Uribe Orrego, Luis (1891). Los Oríjenes de nuestra marina militar, 1817-1819 (in Spanish). Vol. I. Santiago, Chile: Imprenta Nacional. pp. 93–98.
2. López Urrutia, Carlos (2007). Historia de la Marina de Chile (in Spanish) (2 ed.). Santiago, Chile: El Ciprés Editores. pp. 170–198. ISBN 978-0-6151-8574-3.
3. Barros Van Buren, Mario (1970). Historia diplomática de Chile (1541-1938) (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Editorial Andrés Bello. p. 174.
4. Collier, Simon; Sater, William (1996). A History of Chile, 1808-1994. Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. p. 68. ISBN 0-521-56827-7.
5. Musicó Aschiero, Ana María (June 2013). "Guerra de la Confederación Argentina con la Confederación Perú-Boliviana 1835-1839". Revista Digital Universitaria del Colegio Militar de la Nación (in Spanish) (33). Buenos Aires, Argentina: 5–6. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
6. Galdo Gutiérrez, Virgilio (1992). Ayacucho: Conflictos y pobreza, historia regional (siglos XVI-XIX) (in Spanish). Ayacucho, Perú: San Cristóbal of Huamanga University. pp. 179–180.
7. Tapia Figueroa, Claudio (2016). "La política chilena en la postguerra del Pacífico: Poder, influencia y relaciones con Ecuador" (PDF). FONDECYT, Federico Santa María Technical University (in Spanish). Valparaíso, Chile: 129. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
8. Rubilar Luengo, Mauricio (2012). La política exterior de Chile durante la guerra y postguerra del Pacífico (1879-1891): Las relaciones con Estados Unidos y Colombia: Diplomacia, opinión pública y poder naval (Thesis) (in Spanish). Valladolid, España: University of Valladolid. pp. 471–472.
9. Varela Münchmeyer, Eugenio (January–February 1992). "Manejo de crisis. Situación Chile-Estados Unidos en 1891-1892" (PDF). Revista de Marina (in Spanish). 109 (806). Viña del Mar, Chile: 2–3. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
10. Ivanoff Wellmann, Danka (1999). La guerra de Chile Chico o los sucesos del lago Buenos Aires (in Spanish). Chile. pp. 1–118.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
11. Gazmuri, Cristián (2014). Historia de Chile 1891-1994: Política, economía, sociedad, cultura, vida privada, episodios (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: RIL Editores. p. 51.
12. Estado Mayor General del Ejército (1980). Historia del Ejército de Chile: La Primera Guerra Mundial y su influencia en el ejército (1914–1940) (in Spanish). Vol. VIII. Santiago, Chile: Impresos Vicuña. p. 257.
13. Flores, Jonathan (June 23, 2017). "Departamento 50: La unidad de inteligencia de la PDI que combatió a los nazis en Chile". BiobioChile.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 June 2019.
14. Nocera, Raffaele (July–December 2005). "Ruptura con el eje y alineamiento con Estados Unidos. Chile durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial". Historia Journal, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (in Spanish). 2 (38). Santiago, Chile: 442. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
15. Pugh Gillmore, Kenneth (January–February 2004). "¿Quién hundió al Toltén?" (PDF). Revista de Marina (in Spanish). 121 (878). Viña del Mar, Chile: 1–9. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
16. Paredes Venegas, Mauricio (2012). Nacionalismo, seguridad y presión internacional. La relegación de japoneses en Chile durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial (Thesis) (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Universidad de Chile. pp. 1–742.
17. Daley, Jason (27 June 2017). "Documents Show Chile Foiled Nazi Plot to Attack Panama Canal". Smithsonianmag.com.
18. Barros Van Buren, Mario (1998). Diplomacia chilena en la II Guerra Mundial (in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Ediciones Arquen. p. 105.