Lactuca, commonly known as lettuce, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The genus includes at least 50 species, distributed worldwide, but mainly in temperate Eurasia.
Its best-known representative is the garden lettuce (Lactuca sativa), with its many varieties. "Wild lettuce" commonly refers to the wild-growing relatives of common garden lettuce. Many species are common weeds. Lactuca species are diverse and take a wide variety of forms. They are annuals, biennials, perennials, or shrubs.[2] Their flower heads have yellow, blue, or white ray florets. Some species are bitter-tasting.
Most wild lettuces are xerophytes, adapted to dry habitat types. Some occur in more moist areas, such as the mountains of central Africa.[2]
There are different concepts of the species within Lactuca. It is not clear how many distinct species are known, and estimates vary from 50[1] to 75[3] so far.
^ abLebeda, Aleš; Dolezalová, Ivana; Feráková, Viera; Astley, Dave (2004). "Geographical Distribution of Wild Lactuca Species (Asteraceae, Lactuceae)". The Botanical Review. 70 (3): 328–356. doi:10.1663/0006-8101(2004)070[0328:GDOWLS]2.0.CO;2.
^Lactuca attenuata. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^Bano, R. and M. Qaiser. (2011). A taxonomic revision of the genus Lactuca L. (Cichorieae-Asteraceae) from Pakistan and Kashmir. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43(5) 2259–268.
^Lactuca homblei. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^Lactuca imbricata. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^Lactuca lasiorhiza. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^Lactuca mwinilungensis. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^Lactuca nana. Flora Zambesiaca. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^Santos Guerra, A. (2011). "Lactuca palmensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T172087A6821101. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T172087A6821101.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^Draper Munt, D. (2011). "Lactuca singularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T172180A6844238. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T172180A6844238.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^Kilian, N. (2001). Lactuca stebbinsii (Lactuceae, Compositae), a puzzling new species from Angola.[permanent dead link]Willdenowia - Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin - Dahlem 31(1) 71–8.
^Kyratzis, A.; Christodoulou, C.S.; Kailis, C.; Papasavvas, C.; Tsintides, T. (2011). "Lactuca tetrantha". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T172257A6858989. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T172257A6858989.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^Schaefer, H. (2011). "Lactuca watsoniana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T161995A5525315. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T161995A5525315.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. ISBN9780521866453 (hardback), ISBN9780521685535 (paperback). pp 228
External linksedit
Jepson Manual Treatment
February 16, 2024
lactuca, commonly, known, lettuce, genus, flowering, plants, family, asteraceae, genus, includes, least, species, distributed, worldwide, mainly, temperate, eurasia, tuberosascientific, classificationkingdom, plantaeclade, tracheophytesclade, angiospermsclade,. Lactuca commonly known as lettuce is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae The genus includes at least 50 species distributed worldwide but mainly in temperate Eurasia LactucaLactuca tuberosaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade AsteridsOrder AsteralesFamily AsteraceaeSubfamily CichorioideaeTribe CichorieaeSubtribe LactucinaeGenus LactucaL Synonyms 1 Agathyrsus D Don Lactucopsis Schultz Bipontinus ex Visiani Lagedium Sojak Mulgedium Cassini Phaenixopus Cassini Pterocypsela C Shih Scariola F W Schmidt Steptorhamphus Bunge Its best known representative is the garden lettuce Lactuca sativa with its many varieties Wild lettuce commonly refers to the wild growing relatives of common garden lettuce Many species are common weeds Lactuca species are diverse and take a wide variety of forms They are annuals biennials perennials or shrubs 2 Their flower heads have yellow blue or white ray florets Some species are bitter tasting Most wild lettuces are xerophytes adapted to dry habitat types Some occur in more moist areas such as the mountains of central Africa 2 Contents 1 Diversity 2 Ecology 3 Etymology 4 References 5 External linksDiversity edit nbsp Wild lettuce Lactuca virosa by Otto Wilhelm Thome in Flora von Deutschland Osterreich und der Schweiz 1885 nbsp Prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola nbsp Lactuca tenerrima nbsp Lactuca serriola nbsp Lactuca tataricaThere are different concepts of the species within Lactuca It is not clear how many distinct species are known and estimates vary from 50 1 to 75 3 so far Species include 1 3 4 5 Lactuca acanthifolia Crete Turkey Lactuca aculeata Asia Minor Lactuca acuminata Lactuca adenophora Lactuca alpestris Crete Lactuca alpina syn Cicerbita alpina 6 Europe alpine sow thistle alpine blue sow thistle tall blue lettuce Lactuca altaica Eurasia Lactuca attenuata 7 Africa Lactuca aurea Europe Lactuca azerbaijanica Iran Lactuca biennis North America tall blue lettuce blue wood lettuce Lactuca calophylla Africa Lactuca canadensis North America Canada wild lettuce tall lettuce Lactuca corymbosa Congo Lactuca crambifolia Turkestan Lactuca cyprica Cyprus Cyprus lettuce Lactuca deltoidea Lactuca dissecta Asia Lactuca dolichophylla Asia Lactuca dregeana South Africa melkdissel slaaidissel Lactuca dumicola Lactuca erostrata 8 Pakistan Lactuca fenzlii Lactuca floridana North America Florida lettuce woodland lettuce Lactuca georgica Asia Lactuca glaucifolia Asia Lactuca graciliflora Asia Lactuca graminifolia Americas grassleaf lettuce Lactuca haimanniana Lactuca henryi Lactuca hirsuta North America downy lettuce hairy lettuce Lactuca hispida Lactuca homblei 9 Zaire Zambia Lactuca imbricata 10 Africa Lactuca indica Asia Indian lettuce Lactuca inermis Africa Arabian Peninsula Lactuca intricata Albania Greece Turkey Lactuca jamaicensis Jamaica Lactuca kanitziana Lactuca kochiana Lactuca lasiorhiza 11 Africa Lactuca ludoviciana North America biannual lettuce Lactuca macrophylla Lactuca mira Lactuca muralis Lactuca mwinilungensis 12 Zaire Zambia Lactuca nana 13 Africa Lactuca orientalis Asia Egypt Lactuca palmensis 14 Canary Islands Lactuca paradoxa Lactuca parishii Lactuca perennis Europe blue lettuce mountain lettuce Lactuca persica Lactuca petrensis Lactuca quercina Eurasia Lactuca racemosa Lactuca raddeana Asia Lactuca rechingeriana Lactuca rosularis Iran Turkmenistan Lactuca saligna Eurasia willow lettuce least lettuce narrow leaf lettuce Lactuca sativa lettuce garden lettuce Lactuca scarioloides western Asia Lactuca schulzeana Angola Cameroon Zaire Lactuca schweinfurthii Africa Lactuca serriola Africa Asia Europe prickly lettuce compassplant scarole milk thistle Lactuca setosa Africa Lactuca sibirica Eurasia Lactuca singularis 15 Spain Lactuca songeensis Lactuca spinidens Tajikistan Turkmenistan Lactuca stebbinsii 16 Angola Lactuca takhtadzhianii Armenia Lactuca tatarica Northern Hemisphere blue lettuce Lactuca tenerrima southern Europe Morocco Lactuca tetrantha 17 Cyprus Lactuca tinctociliata Lactuca triangulata Asia Lactuca triquetra Lactuca tuberosa Eurasia Lactuca ugandensis Lactuca undulata Asia Lactuca viminea Africa Asia Europe pliant lettuce Lactuca virosa Europe northern Africa bitter lettuce great lettuce Lactuca watsoniana 18 Azores Lactuca winkleri Tajikistan Ecology editLactuca species are used as food plants by the larvae of many Lepidoptera species Etymology edit Lactuca is derived from Latin and means having milky sap Lactuca and lactic of or relating to milk have the same root word lactis 19 References edit a b c Lactuca Flora of China a b Lebeda Ales Dolezalova Ivana Ferakova Viera Astley Dave 2004 Geographical Distribution of Wild Lactuca Species Asteraceae Lactuceae The Botanical Review 70 3 328 356 doi 10 1663 0006 8101 2004 070 0328 GDOWLS 2 0 CO 2 a b Lactuca Flora of North America GRIN Species Records of Lactuca Germplasm Resources Information Network GRIN Lactuca The Plant List Royal Botanic Gardens Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden Cicerbita alpina Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 17 December 2017 Lactuca attenuata Flora Zambesiaca Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Bano R and M Qaiser 2011 A taxonomic revision of the genus Lactuca L Cichorieae Asteraceae from Pakistan and Kashmir Pakistan Journal of Botany 43 5 2259 268 Lactuca homblei Flora Zambesiaca Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Lactuca imbricata Flora Zambesiaca Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Lactuca lasiorhiza Flora Zambesiaca Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Lactuca mwinilungensis Flora Zambesiaca Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Lactuca nana Flora Zambesiaca Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Santos Guerra A 2011 Lactuca palmensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011 e T172087A6821101 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2011 1 RLTS T172087A6821101 en Retrieved 18 November 2021 Draper Munt D 2011 Lactuca singularis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011 e T172180A6844238 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2011 1 RLTS T172180A6844238 en Retrieved 18 November 2021 Kilian N 2001 Lactuca stebbinsii Lactuceae Compositae a puzzling new species from Angola permanent dead link Willdenowia Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin Dahlem 31 1 71 8 Kyratzis A Christodoulou C S Kailis C Papasavvas C Tsintides T 2011 Lactuca tetrantha IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011 e T172257A6858989 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2011 1 RLTS T172257A6858989 en Retrieved 18 November 2021 Schaefer H 2011 Lactuca watsoniana IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011 e T161995A5525315 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2011 1 RLTS T161995A5525315 en Retrieved 18 November 2021 Gledhill David 2008 The Names of Plants Cambridge University Press ISBN 9780521866453 hardback ISBN 9780521685535 paperback pp 228External links editJepson Manual Treatment Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lactuca amp oldid 1180321920, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
