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Asterids

January 10, 2024

In the APG IV system (2016) for the classification of flowering plants, the name asterids denotes a clade (a monophyletic group). Asterids is the largest group of flowering plants, with more than 80,000 species, about a third of the total flowering plant species.[2][3] Well-known plants in this clade include the common daisy, forget-me-nots, nightshades (including potatoes, eggplants, tomatoes, chili peppers and tobacco), the common sunflower, petunias, yacon, morning glory, lettuce, sweet potato, coffee, lavender, lilac, olive, jasmine, honeysuckle, ash tree, teak, snapdragon, sesame, psyllium, garden sage, table herbs such as mint, basil, and rosemary, and rainforest trees such as Brazil nut.

Most of the taxa belonging to this clade had been referred to as Asteridae in the Cronquist system (1981) and as Sympetalae in earlier systems.[citation needed] The name asterids (not necessarily capitalised) resembles the earlier botanical name but is intended to be the name of a clade rather than a formal ranked name, in the sense of the ICBN.

History edit

Genetic analysis carried out after APG II maintains that the sister to all other asterids are the Cornales. A second order that split from the base of the asterids are the Ericales. The remaining orders cluster into two clades, the lamiids and the campanulids. The structure of both of these clades has changed in APG III.[4][5]

In the APG III system, the following clades were renamed:

euasterids I → lamiids
euasterids II → campanulids[4][5]

Phylogeny edit

The phylogenetic tree presented hereinafter has been proposed by the APG IV project.[3]

Subdivision edit

Lamiids edit

The lamiid subclade consists of about 40,000 species and account for about 15% of angiosperm diversity, characterized in general by superior ovaries and corollas with any fusion of the petals (sympetaly) occurring late in the process of development. The major part of lamiid diversity occurs in the group of five orders from Boraginales to Solanales, referred to informally as "core lamiids" (sometimes called Laminae), although Vahliales consists of the single small genus Vahlia. The remainder of the lamiids are referred to as "basal lamiids", in which Garryales is the sister group to the core lamiids. It has been suggested that the core lamiids radiated from an ancestral line of tropical trees in which the flowers were inconspicuous and the fruit large, drupaceous and often single-seeded.[6]

Campanulids edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Atkinson, Brian A. (14 November 2022). "Icacinaceae fossil provides evidence for a Cretaceous origin of the lamiids". Nature Plants. 8 (12): 1374–1377. doi:10.1038/s41477-022-01275-y. ISSN 2055-0278. PMID 36376504. S2CID 253521093.
  2. ^ Bremer, Kåre; Friis, elsemarie; Bremer, birgitta (1 June 2004). "Molecular Phylogenetic Dating of Asterid Flowering Plants Shows Early Cretaceous Diversification". Systematic Biology. 53 (3): 496–505. doi:10.1080/10635150490445913. PMID 15503676. S2CID 41752744.
  3. ^ a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385.
  4. ^ a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 141 (4): 399–436. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x.
  5. ^ a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.
  6. ^ Stull et al 2015.

Bibliography edit

External links edit

  •   Media related to Asterids at Wikimedia Commons
  • Asterids in Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 7, May 2006.

January 10, 2024
asterids, system, 2016, classification, flowering, plants, name, asterids, denotes, clade, monophyletic, group, largest, group, flowering, plants, with, more, than, species, about, third, total, flowering, plant, species, well, known, plants, this, clade, incl. In the APG IV system 2016 for the classification of flowering plants the name asterids denotes a clade a monophyletic group Asterids is the largest group of flowering plants with more than 80 000 species about a third of the total flowering plant species 2 3 Well known plants in this clade include the common daisy forget me nots nightshades including potatoes eggplants tomatoes chili peppers and tobacco the common sunflower petunias yacon morning glory lettuce sweet potato coffee lavender lilac olive jasmine honeysuckle ash tree teak snapdragon sesame psyllium garden sage table herbs such as mint basil and rosemary and rainforest trees such as Brazil nut AsteridsTemporal range Late Cretaceous recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N 1 Impatiens capensis Ericales Oregano from LamialesScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade Core eudicotsClade SuperasteridsClade AsteridsCladesCornales Ericales Euasterids LamiidsIcacinales Metteniusales Garryales Gentianales Solanales Boraginales Vahliales Lamiales dd CampanulidsAquifoliales Escalloniales Asterales Bruniales Apiales Paracryphiales Dipsacales dd Most of the taxa belonging to this clade had been referred to as Asteridae in the Cronquist system 1981 and as Sympetalae in earlier systems citation needed The name asterids not necessarily capitalised resembles the earlier botanical name but is intended to be the name of a clade rather than a formal ranked name in the sense of the ICBN Contents 1 History 2 Phylogeny 2 1 Subdivision 2 1 1 Lamiids 2 1 2 Campanulids 3 See also 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 External linksHistory editGenetic analysis carried out after APG II maintains that the sister to all other asterids are the Cornales A second order that split from the base of the asterids are the Ericales The remaining orders cluster into two clades the lamiids and the campanulids The structure of both of these clades has changed in APG III 4 5 In the APG III system the following clades were renamed euasterids I lamiids euasterids II campanulids 4 5 Phylogeny editThe phylogenetic tree presented hereinafter has been proposed by the APG IV project 3 asterids Cornales Ericaleseuasterids campanulids AquifolialesAsteralesEscallonialesBrunialesApialesDipsacalesParacryphialeslamiids IcacinalesMetteniusalesGarryalesBoraginalesGentianalesVahlialesLamialesSolanalesSubdivision edit Lamiids edit The lamiid subclade consists of about 40 000 species and account for about 15 of angiosperm diversity characterized in general by superior ovaries and corollas with any fusion of the petals sympetaly occurring late in the process of development The major part of lamiid diversity occurs in the group of five orders from Boraginales to Solanales referred to informally as core lamiids sometimes called Laminae although Vahliales consists of the single small genus Vahlia The remainder of the lamiids are referred to as basal lamiids in which Garryales is the sister group to the core lamiids It has been suggested that the core lamiids radiated from an ancestral line of tropical trees in which the flowers were inconspicuous and the fruit large drupaceous and often single seeded 6 Campanulids edit This section is empty You can help by adding to it October 2023 See also editList of lamiid families List of basal asterid familiesReferences edit Atkinson Brian A 14 November 2022 Icacinaceae fossil provides evidence for a Cretaceous origin of the lamiids Nature Plants 8 12 1374 1377 doi 10 1038 s41477 022 01275 y ISSN 2055 0278 PMID 36376504 S2CID 253521093 Bremer Kare Friis elsemarie Bremer birgitta 1 June 2004 Molecular Phylogenetic Dating of Asterid Flowering Plants Shows Early Cretaceous Diversification Systematic Biology 53 3 496 505 doi 10 1080 10635150490445913 PMID 15503676 S2CID 41752744 a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2016 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants APG IV Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181 1 1 20 doi 10 1111 boj 12385 a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2003 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants APG II Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141 4 399 436 doi 10 1046 j 1095 8339 2003 t01 1 00158 x a b Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2009 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants APG III Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 2 105 121 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8339 2009 00996 x Stull et al 2015 Bibliography editStull Gregory W Duno de Stefano Rodrigo Soltis Douglas E Soltis Pamela S November 2015 Resolving basal lamiid phylogeny and the circumscription of Icacinaceae with a plastome scale data set American Journal of Botany 102 11 1794 1813 doi 10 3732 ajb 1500298 PMID 26507112 External links edit nbsp Media related to Asterids at Wikimedia Commons Asterids in Stevens P F 2001 onwards Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Version 7 May 2006 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Asterids amp oldid 1188105793, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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