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Kashmiri Hindus

October 19, 2023

Kashmiri Hindus are ethnic Kashmiris who practice Hinduism and are native to the Kashmir Valley of India.[1] With respect to their contributions to Indian philosophy, Kashmiri Hindus developed the tradition of Kashmiri Shaivism.[2] After their exodus from the Kashmir Valley in the wake of the Kashmir insurgency in the 1990s, most Kashmiri Hindus are now settled in the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir and other parts of the country. The largest group of Kashmiri Hindus are the Kashmiri Pandits.

Kashmiri Hindus
Hari Parbat Temple in Jammu and Kashmir.
Languages
Sacred language
Sanskrit

Ethnic language
Kashmiri

Other languages
Hindi, Urdu, English
Religion
Majority
Kashmir Shaivism
Minority
Shaivism, Vaishnavism and Shaktism
Related ethnic groups
Kashmiri people, Kashmiri Muslims

History Edit

See also: History of Kashmir

Ancient Edit

Hinduism is the oldest recorded religion practiced by the Kashmiri people.[2][3] Prior to the arrival of Buddhism in the 3rd century BCE, Shaivite Hinduism was the predominant religion in the Kashmir Valley, and Kashmir was a symbol of Brahminical rule in Northern India.[4][3][2]

During the reign of Ashoka (304–232 BCE), Kashmir became a part of the Maurya Empire and Buddhism was introduced in Kashmir. During this period, Hinduism started declining as a major religion,[5][4] many stupas, some shrines dedicated to Shiva, and the city of Srinagari (Srinagar) were built. Kanishka (127–151 CE), an emperor of the Kushan Empire, conquered Kashmir and established the new city of Kanishkapur.[6]

Medieval Edit

The Karkota dynasty (625–855 CE) ruled over the Kashmir and parts of northern Indian subcontinent and their rule saw political expansion, economic prosperity and emergence of Kashmir as a centre of culture and scholarship.[7][8] Lalitaditya Muktapida (724–760 CE) was a powerful ruler of the Karkota dynasty of Kashmir region in the Indian subcontinent. After the seventh century, significant developments took place in Kashmiri Hinduism. In the centuries that followed, Kashmir produced many poets, philosophers, and artists who contributed to Sanskrit literature and Hindu religion. Among notable scholars of this period was Vasugupta (c. 875–925 CE) who wrote the Shiva Sutras which laid the foundation for a monistic Shaiva system called Kashmir Shaivism.[9]

After the dawn of the Lohara dynasty, Islam had penetrated into countries outside Kashmir and in the absence of support from Hindus, who were in the majority, Rinchana needed the support of the Kashmiri Muslims. Shah Mir's coup on Rinchana's successor secured Muslim rule and the rule of his dynasty in Kashmir.[10]

Demography Edit

The largest community within the Kashmiri Hindus are the Kashmiri Pandits (Kashmiri Brahmins),[11][12] who are divided into several gotras,[13] such as the priests (gor or bhasha Bhatta), astrologers (Zutshi), and workers (Karkun).[14]

The Wani are historically Banias, with subcastes, such as the Kesarwani.[15] During the Mughal era, many Kesarwanis migrated to other parts of India such as Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.[16]

According to officials, 98,600 Kashmiri Hindus were issued domicile certificates of Jammu and Kashmir up to the end of June 2021. They further state, "90,430 domicile certificates were issued to displaced Kashmiri Pandits, while 2,340 families of displaced Kashmiri Pandits were registered as fresh migrants. Of these, 8,170 individuals received the domicile certificate."[17]

On 16 May 2020, Order 52 was issued by the Jammu and Kashmir Department of Disaster Management, Relief, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (JK DMRRR) which states that: "Bonafide migrants and bonafide displaced persons who are not yet registered with the relief and rehabilitation commissioner (migrant), Jammu and Kashmir, can apply before the competent authority for registration for purpose of issuance of a domicile certificate only." This is as long as one of the necessary documents is provided. The timeframe for registration (and claiming domicile) of Kashmiri migrants and displaced persons was later extended for the final time up to 15 May 2022.[18]

Persecution Edit

Further information: Persecution of Hindus in Kashmir and Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus

Under the rule of Sultan Sikander Butshikan in the 14th century CE, many Kashmiri Hindus were forcibly converted to Islam.[19][20] They began to leave the valley in much greater numbers in the 1990s during the eruption of militancy following large scale militarization of Valley.

Notable people Edit

This is a list of notable Kashmiri Hindus.

See also Edit

Bibliography Edit

  • The Hindu History of Kashmir by Horace Hayman Wilson ISBN 9788186714300, 8186714308
  • Kashmir Hindu Religious Culture By Chaman Lal Gadoo ISBN 9788191005714, 8191005719
  • Hindus of Kashmir - A Genocide Forgotten by Bansi Pandit ISBN 9798586697035
  • The Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture of Ancient Kashmir and Its Influences By John Siudmak ISBN 9789004248328, 9004248323
  • Kashmir: Its Aborigines and Their Exodusby Colonel Tej K Tikoo  ISBN 9781935501589, 1935501585 ISBN 9781942426417, 1942426410
  • Kasheer - A Diabolical Betrayal of Kashmiri Hindus By Sahana Vijayakumar ISBN 9781942426417
  • Genocide of Hindus in Kashmir[27] by Suruchi Prakashan
  • The Infidel Next Door By Rajat Kanti Mitra ISBN 9781088402733, 1088402739
  • The Odyssey Of Kashmiri Pandits Destination-Homeland-Panun Kashmir by Dr M. L. Bhat ISBN 9781947586253, 1947586254

References Edit

  1. ^ Ling, Huping (2008). Emerging Voices: Experiences of Underrepresented Asian Americans. Rutgers University Press. p. 126. ISBN 9780813543420. Kashmiri Muslims represent the majority population in Kashmir Valley, while Kashmiri Hindus represent a small but significant minority community.
  2. ^ a b c Snedden, Christopher (2015). Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris. Hurst Publishers. p. 27, 39. ISBN 9781849043427. Retrieved 30 September 2023. Before Buddhism, Kashmiris engaged in a range of Aryan-inspired religious practices which arose from Sanatana Dharma (the eternal law or way) and which practices now might be labelled 'Vedic' or 'Hindu'. Post-Buddhism, Kashmir was the home of Kashmiri Shaivism (or Trika- Shasana, Trika-Shastra, Trika), a set of monistic beliefs based on merging oneself in Shiva (or universal consciousness), the god of choice of many Kashmiri Hindus.
  3. ^ a b Bamzai, P.N.K. (1994). Culture and Political History of Kashmir, Volume 2. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 200. ISBN 9788185880310. Retrieved 3 October 2023. …Saivism must have been the predominant religion in Kashmir long before Buddhism was introduced there.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b "The Early History of Islam in Kashmir". Egypt Today. 24 June 2017. from the original on 17 November 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2023. About 300 BCE, Buddhism arrived in Kashmir from further south in India and started to flourish in the region. Before this, Hinduism (of some form) had been the predominant religion in Kashmir for centuries. .... It did not not take long for Kashmir, then, to become a symbolic White House of Brahminical rule in northern India.
  5. ^ Ahmad, Khalid Bashir (23 June 2017). Kashmir: Exposing the Myth Behind the Narrative. SAGE Publications. p. 11. ISBN 9789386062819. Retrieved 30 September 2023. When Hinduism was declining as the faith of people in Kashmir, the teachings of Gautama the Buddha received universal acceptance across the length and breadth of the country. Kashmir became one of the most important centres for the spread and development of the new faith. It is generally believed that Buddhism became dominant in Kashmir during the reign of Emperor Ashoka (3rd century BC).
  6. ^ Chatterjee, Suhas (1998). Indian Civilization and Culture. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 978-81-7533-083-2.
  7. ^ Larson, Gerald James (2007). "Nagas, Monks, Tantrics and Poets". In Pal, Pratapaditya; Ames, Frank (eds.). The arts of Kashmir. Asia Society ; 5 Continents. pp. 36–37.
  8. ^ Witzel, Michael (2016). "Kashmiri Brahmins under the Karkota, Utpala and Lohara Dynasties, 625-1101 CE". In Franco, Eli; Ratié, Isabelle (eds.). Around Abhinavagupta: Aspects of the Intellectual History of Kashmir from the Ninth to the Eleventh Century. Leipziger Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte Süd- und Zentralasiens. Münster, Germany. pp. 609–643. ISBN 978-3-643-90697-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  9. ^ Art, Los Angeles County Museum of; Pal, Pratapaditya (1 January 1986). Indian Sculpture: Circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 700. University of California Press. pp. 51. ISBN 978-0-520-06477-5.
  10. ^ Unesco (1 January 1998). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. UNESCO. pp. 306. ISBN 978-92-3-103467-1.
  11. ^ Mufti, Gulzar (24 September 2013). Kashmir in Sickness and in Health. Partridge Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 9781482809985. Hindus of the Kashmir Valley, known as Pandits, are mostly upper caste Brahmins.
  12. ^ Kachru, Onkar (1998). Jammu, Kashmir, Ladakh. Atlantic Publishers. p. 75. ISBN 9788185495514. Taking into account decennial growth rates and migration patterns, the 1981 census data suggests that there would have been 161,000 Hindus, most of them Kashmiri Pandits, in the valley in 1991.
  13. ^ South Asian Language Review, Volumes 3-4. Creative Publishers. 1993. p. 64. 'Kashmiri Brahmins are said to have originally belonged to only six gotras, -By intermarriage with other Brahmins the number of gotras multiplied to 199' ( Koul 1924).
  14. ^ Nagano, Yasuhiko; Ikari, Yasuke (1993). From Vedic Altar to Village Shrine: Towards an Interface Between Indology and Anthropology. National Museum of Ethnology. p. 186. Retrieved 29 September 2017. The Hindus belong with few exceptions to the Brahman caste and are known as 'Pandits', while in other parts of India they are generally called 'Kashmiri Pandits'. These Kashmiri Brahmans are divided into three subcastes consisting, namely, of priests (gor or bhasha Bhatta), astrologers (jyotishi), and workers (karkun).
  15. ^ Rajghatta, Chidanand (28 August 2019). "View: Most Pakistanis are actually Indians". The Economic Times. Retrieved 22 September 2019. The Indic influence extends across caste and clan. The last name of Burhan Wani, the slain jihadist now deified by separatists, is derived from the Hindu bania caste, and it further devolved into specific subcastes depending on what they traded in — for instance, those who trade in saffron became Kesarwani.
  16. ^ Singh, K.S. (1998). India's Communities, Volume 5. Oxford University Press. p. 1663. ISBN 9780195633542. A community sometimes referred to as Kesarwani, they are reported from Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. In Madhya Pradesh and Bihar, they provide histories of migration and origin which are somewhat similar. In Bihar, the Kesarwani or Kesri Bania believe that their community name indicates their original occupation of trade in kesar (saffron). They were originally the inhabitants of Kashmir who migrated to different parts of India during Mughal rule.
  17. ^ "J&K: Over 98k Kashmiri Migrants Issued Domicile Certificates till End of June". PTI. News18. 13 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  18. ^ Registration of bonafide Migrants or displaced persons for the purpose of issuance of domicile certificate - regarding Govt Order No:52-JK (DMRRR) of 2020. Govt of Jammu and Kashmir Department of Disaster Management, Relief, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Civil Secretariat Jammu (DMRRR). 16 May 2020.
  19. ^ Kaw, Maharaj Krishen (2001). Kashmiri Pandits. APH Publishing. pp. 25–26. ISBN 9788176482363. Then came the fanatical and tyrannical rule of Sultan Sikander, the iconoclast (1398-1420 CE) who let loose a sort of hell against the non-Muslims through forced conversions and widespread destruction of their religious shrines all over the Valley. Possibly, by this time, the lower Hindu castes had got converted to Islam with the help of passionate zeal of the Islamic missionaries moving freely among the socially backward and rigid Hindu caste hierarchies already shaken by the spread of the Buddhist creed when Kashmir was from a considerable period one of the staunchest centres of the anti-caste movement of the Buddhist cult.
  20. ^ Khan, Ghulam Hassan (1973). The Kashmiri Mussulman. p. 41. This community prior to their conversion was divided amongst the Brahmin, Kshatria, Vaish, and Shudr castes.
  21. ^ a b Thomas-Symonds, Nicklaus (30 July 2010). Attlee: A Life in Politics. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 182. ISBN 978-0-85771-066-6.
  22. ^ Singh, Kuldeep (2 December 1998). "Obituary: P.N. Haksar". www.independent.co.uk. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
  23. ^ Mohan Kumar (1981). Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru: a political biography. Vipul Prakashan. Retrieved 25 March 2007. Even now there are many distinguished scholars of Persian among the Kashmiri Brahmins in India. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Raja Narendranath to mention two of them.
  24. ^ "Kashmiri Pandit soldiers to the fore". Hindustan Times. 12 February 2013. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  25. ^ @sanjivbhatt (14 April 2018). "985204040500957185" (Tweet). Retrieved 23 March 2022 – via Twitter.
  26. ^ Dean, Riaz (2019). Mapping The Great Game: Explorers, Spies & Maps in Nineteenth-century Asia. Oxford: Casemate (UK). pp. 41, 57. ISBN 978-1-61200-814-1.
  27. ^ "Genocide of Hindus in Kashmir". Suruchi Prakashan. 1991.

External links Edit

  • "Kashmiri Hindus: Driven Out and Insignificant". BBC News. 5 April 2016.

October 19, 2023
kashmiri, hindus, ethnic, kashmiris, practice, hinduism, native, kashmir, valley, india, with, respect, their, contributions, indian, philosophy, developed, tradition, kashmiri, shaivism, after, their, exodus, from, kashmir, valley, wake, kashmir, insurgency, . Kashmiri Hindus are ethnic Kashmiris who practice Hinduism and are native to the Kashmir Valley of India 1 With respect to their contributions to Indian philosophy Kashmiri Hindus developed the tradition of Kashmiri Shaivism 2 After their exodus from the Kashmir Valley in the wake of the Kashmir insurgency in the 1990s most Kashmiri Hindus are now settled in the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir and other parts of the country The largest group of Kashmiri Hindus are the Kashmiri Pandits Kashmiri HindusHari Parbat Temple in Jammu and Kashmir LanguagesSacred languageSanskritEthnic languageKashmiri Other languagesHindi Urdu EnglishReligionMajorityKashmir ShaivismMinorityShaivism Vaishnavism and ShaktismRelated ethnic groupsKashmiri people Kashmiri Muslims Contents 1 History 1 1 Ancient 1 2 Medieval 2 Demography 3 Persecution 4 Notable people 5 See also 6 Bibliography 7 References 8 External linksHistory EditSee also History of Kashmir Ancient Edit Hinduism is the oldest recorded religion practiced by the Kashmiri people 2 3 Prior to the arrival of Buddhism in the 3rd century BCE Shaivite Hinduism was the predominant religion in the Kashmir Valley and Kashmir was a symbol of Brahminical rule in Northern India 4 3 2 During the reign of Ashoka 304 232 BCE Kashmir became a part of the Maurya Empire and Buddhism was introduced in Kashmir During this period Hinduism started declining as a major religion 5 4 many stupas some shrines dedicated to Shiva and the city of Srinagari Srinagar were built Kanishka 127 151 CE an emperor of the Kushan Empire conquered Kashmir and established the new city of Kanishkapur 6 Medieval Edit The Karkota dynasty 625 855 CE ruled over the Kashmir and parts of northern Indian subcontinent and their rule saw political expansion economic prosperity and emergence of Kashmir as a centre of culture and scholarship 7 8 Lalitaditya Muktapida 724 760 CE was a powerful ruler of the Karkota dynasty of Kashmir region in the Indian subcontinent After the seventh century significant developments took place in Kashmiri Hinduism In the centuries that followed Kashmir produced many poets philosophers and artists who contributed to Sanskrit literature and Hindu religion Among notable scholars of this period was Vasugupta c 875 925 CE who wrote the Shiva Sutras which laid the foundation for a monistic Shaiva system called Kashmir Shaivism 9 After the dawn of the Lohara dynasty Islam had penetrated into countries outside Kashmir and in the absence of support from Hindus who were in the majority Rinchana needed the support of the Kashmiri Muslims Shah Mir s coup on Rinchana s successor secured Muslim rule and the rule of his dynasty in Kashmir 10 Demography EditThe largest community within the Kashmiri Hindus are the Kashmiri Pandits Kashmiri Brahmins 11 12 who are divided into several gotras 13 such as the priests gor or bhasha Bhatta astrologers Zutshi and workers Karkun 14 The Wani are historically Banias with subcastes such as the Kesarwani 15 During the Mughal era many Kesarwanis migrated to other parts of India such as Madhya Pradesh Bihar and Uttar Pradesh 16 According to officials 98 600 Kashmiri Hindus were issued domicile certificates of Jammu and Kashmir up to the end of June 2021 They further state 90 430 domicile certificates were issued to displaced Kashmiri Pandits while 2 340 families of displaced Kashmiri Pandits were registered as fresh migrants Of these 8 170 individuals received the domicile certificate 17 On 16 May 2020 Order 52 was issued by the Jammu and Kashmir Department of Disaster Management Relief Rehabilitation and Reconstruction JK DMRRR which states that Bonafide migrants and bonafide displaced persons who are not yet registered with the relief and rehabilitation commissioner migrant Jammu and Kashmir can apply before the competent authority for registration for purpose of issuance of a domicile certificate only This is as long as one of the necessary documents is provided The timeframe for registration and claiming domicile of Kashmiri migrants and displaced persons was later extended for the final time up to 15 May 2022 18 Persecution EditFurther information Persecution of Hindus in Kashmir and Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus Under the rule of Sultan Sikander Butshikan in the 14th century CE many Kashmiri Hindus were forcibly converted to Islam 19 20 They began to leave the valley in much greater numbers in the 1990s during the eruption of militancy following large scale militarization of Valley Notable people EditThis is a list of notable Kashmiri Hindus Anupam Kher Indian actor Bhai Almast Udasi saint Bhai Balu Hasna Udasi saint Kunal Khemu Indian actor R N Kao one of the founders and First Secretary of R amp AW Krsna rapper Indian rapper Jawaharlal Nehru first Prime Minister of India Mohit Raina Indian actor Samay Raina standup comedian and chess enthusiast Bhasha Sumbli Indian actress Tika Lal Taploo lawyer Motilal Nehru lawyer and leader of Indian National Congress 21 Indira Gandhi former Prime Minister of India 21 P N Haksar bureaucrat and diplomat 22 Tej Bahadur Sapru freedom fighter lawyer and politician 23 Tapishwar Narain Raina ninth Chief of the Army Staff of Indian Army 24 Sanjiv Bhatt Indian Police Service officer of the Gujarat cadre 25 Ram Chandra Kak Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir 1945 1947 Mohan Lal Zutshi traveler diplomat and author and an important player in the Great Game 26 See also EditDogra Rajput Kashmiri diasporaBibliography EditThe Hindu History of Kashmir by Horace Hayman Wilson ISBN 9788186714300 8186714308 Kashmir Hindu Religious Culture By Chaman Lal Gadoo ISBN 9788191005714 8191005719 Hindus of Kashmir A Genocide Forgotten by Bansi Pandit ISBN 9798586697035 The Hindu Buddhist Sculpture of Ancient Kashmir and Its Influences By John Siudmak ISBN 9789004248328 9004248323 Kashmir Its Aborigines and Their Exodusby Colonel Tej K Tikoo ISBN 9781935501589 1935501585 ISBN 9781942426417 1942426410 Kasheer A Diabolical Betrayal of Kashmiri Hindus By Sahana Vijayakumar ISBN 9781942426417 Genocide of Hindus in Kashmir 27 by Suruchi Prakashan The Infidel Next Door By Rajat Kanti Mitra ISBN 9781088402733 1088402739 The Odyssey Of Kashmiri Pandits Destination Homeland Panun Kashmir by Dr M L Bhat ISBN 9781947586253 1947586254References Edit Ling Huping 2008 Emerging Voices Experiences of Underrepresented Asian Americans Rutgers University Press p 126 ISBN 9780813543420 Kashmiri Muslims represent the majority population in Kashmir Valley while Kashmiri Hindus represent a small but significant minority community a b c Snedden Christopher 2015 Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris Hurst Publishers p 27 39 ISBN 9781849043427 Retrieved 30 September 2023 Before Buddhism Kashmiris engaged in a range of Aryan inspired religious practices which arose from Sanatana Dharma the eternal law or way and which practices now might be labelled Vedic or Hindu Post Buddhism Kashmir was the home of Kashmiri Shaivism or Trika Shasana Trika Shastra Trika a set of monistic beliefs based on merging oneself in Shiva or universal consciousness the god of choice of many Kashmiri Hindus a b Bamzai P N K 1994 Culture and Political History of Kashmir Volume 2 M D Publications Pvt Ltd p 200 ISBN 9788185880310 Retrieved 3 October 2023 Saivism must have been the predominant religion in Kashmir long before Buddhism was introduced there a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint url status link a b The Early History of Islam in Kashmir Egypt Today 24 June 2017 Archived from the original on 17 November 2018 Retrieved 30 September 2023 About 300 BCE Buddhism arrived in Kashmir from further south in India and started to flourish in the region Before this Hinduism of some form had been the predominant religion in Kashmir for centuries It did not not take long for Kashmir then to become a symbolic White House of Brahminical rule in northern India Ahmad Khalid Bashir 23 June 2017 Kashmir Exposing the Myth Behind the Narrative SAGE Publications p 11 ISBN 9789386062819 Retrieved 30 September 2023 When Hinduism was declining as the faith of people in Kashmir the teachings of Gautama the Buddha received universal acceptance across the length and breadth of the country Kashmir became one of the most important centres for the spread and development of the new faith It is generally believed that Buddhism became dominant in Kashmir during the reign of Emperor Ashoka 3rd century BC Chatterjee Suhas 1998 Indian Civilization and Culture M D Publications Pvt Ltd ISBN 978 81 7533 083 2 Larson Gerald James 2007 Nagas Monks Tantrics and Poets In Pal Pratapaditya Ames Frank eds The arts of Kashmir Asia Society 5 Continents pp 36 37 Witzel Michael 2016 Kashmiri Brahmins under the Karkota Utpala and Lohara Dynasties 625 1101 CE In Franco Eli Ratie Isabelle eds Around Abhinavagupta Aspects of the Intellectual History of Kashmir from the Ninth to the Eleventh Century Leipziger Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte Sud und Zentralasiens Munster Germany pp 609 643 ISBN 978 3 643 90697 7 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Art Los Angeles County Museum of Pal Pratapaditya 1 January 1986 Indian Sculpture Circa 500 B C A D 700 University of California Press pp 51 ISBN 978 0 520 06477 5 Unesco 1 January 1998 History of Civilizations of Central Asia UNESCO pp 306 ISBN 978 92 3 103467 1 Mufti Gulzar 24 September 2013 Kashmir in Sickness and in Health Partridge Publishing p 121 ISBN 9781482809985 Hindus of the Kashmir Valley known as Pandits are mostly upper caste Brahmins Kachru Onkar 1998 Jammu Kashmir Ladakh Atlantic Publishers p 75 ISBN 9788185495514 Taking into account decennial growth rates and migration patterns the 1981 census data suggests that there would have been 161 000 Hindus most of them Kashmiri Pandits in the valley in 1991 South Asian Language Review Volumes 3 4 Creative Publishers 1993 p 64 Kashmiri Brahmins are said to have originally belonged to only six gotras By intermarriage with other Brahmins the number of gotras multiplied to 199 Koul 1924 Nagano Yasuhiko Ikari Yasuke 1993 From Vedic Altar to Village Shrine Towards an Interface Between Indology and Anthropology National Museum of Ethnology p 186 Retrieved 29 September 2017 The Hindus belong with few exceptions to the Brahman caste and are known as Pandits while in other parts of India they are generally called Kashmiri Pandits These Kashmiri Brahmans are divided into three subcastes consisting namely of priests gor or bhasha Bhatta astrologers jyotishi and workers karkun Rajghatta Chidanand 28 August 2019 View Most Pakistanis are actually Indians The Economic Times Retrieved 22 September 2019 The Indic influence extends across caste and clan The last name of Burhan Wani the slain jihadist now deified by separatists is derived from the Hindu bania caste and it further devolved into specific subcastes depending on what they traded in for instance those who trade in saffron became Kesarwani Singh K S 1998 India s Communities Volume 5 Oxford University Press p 1663 ISBN 9780195633542 A community sometimes referred to as Kesarwani they are reported from Madhya Pradesh Bihar and Uttar Pradesh In Madhya Pradesh and Bihar they provide histories of migration and origin which are somewhat similar In Bihar the Kesarwani or Kesri Bania believe that their community name indicates their original occupation of trade in kesar saffron They were originally the inhabitants of Kashmir who migrated to different parts of India during Mughal rule J amp K Over 98k Kashmiri Migrants Issued Domicile Certificates till End of June PTI News18 13 August 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint others link Registration of bonafide Migrants or displaced persons for the purpose of issuance of domicile certificate regarding Govt Order No 52 JK DMRRR of 2020 Govt of Jammu and Kashmir Department of Disaster Management Relief Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Civil Secretariat Jammu DMRRR 16 May 2020 Kaw Maharaj Krishen 2001 Kashmiri Pandits APH Publishing pp 25 26 ISBN 9788176482363 Then came the fanatical and tyrannical rule of Sultan Sikander the iconoclast 1398 1420 CE who let loose a sort of hell against the non Muslims through forced conversions and widespread destruction of their religious shrines all over the Valley Possibly by this time the lower Hindu castes had got converted to Islam with the help of passionate zeal of the Islamic missionaries moving freely among the socially backward and rigid Hindu caste hierarchies already shaken by the spread of the Buddhist creed when Kashmir was from a considerable period one of the staunchest centres of the anti caste movement of the Buddhist cult Khan Ghulam Hassan 1973 The Kashmiri Mussulman p 41 This community prior to their conversion was divided amongst the Brahmin Kshatria Vaish and Shudr castes a b Thomas Symonds Nicklaus 30 July 2010 Attlee A Life in Politics Bloomsbury Publishing p 182 ISBN 978 0 85771 066 6 Singh Kuldeep 2 December 1998 Obituary P N Haksar www independent co uk Retrieved 16 July 2013 Mohan Kumar 1981 Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru a political biography Vipul Prakashan Retrieved 25 March 2007 Even now there are many distinguished scholars of Persian among the Kashmiri Brahmins in India Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Raja Narendranath to mention two of them Kashmiri Pandit soldiers to the fore Hindustan Times 12 February 2013 Retrieved 9 January 2021 sanjivbhatt 14 April 2018 985204040500957185 Tweet Retrieved 23 March 2022 via Twitter Dean Riaz 2019 Mapping The Great Game Explorers Spies amp Maps in Nineteenth century Asia Oxford Casemate UK pp 41 57 ISBN 978 1 61200 814 1 Genocide of Hindus in Kashmir Suruchi Prakashan 1991 External links Edit nbsp Hinduism portal nbsp India portal Kashmiri Hindus Driven Out and Insignificant BBC News 5 April 2016 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kashmiri Hindus amp oldid 1179574345, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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