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Greg LeMond

January 01, 1970

"LeMond" redirects here. For other uses, see LeMond (disambiguation).

Gregory James LeMond (born June 26, 1961) is an American former road racing cyclist. LeMond won the Tour de France thrice and the Road Race World Championship twice, becoming the only American male to win the former.

Greg LeMond
LeMond in 2009
Personal information
Full nameGregory James LeMond
NicknameL'Americain (The American)[1]
LeMonster[2]
Born (1961-06-26) June 26, 1961 (age 62)
Lakewood, California, U.S.
Height1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)
Weight67 kg (148 lb; 10 st 8 lb)
Team information
Current teamRetired
DisciplineRoad
RoleRider
Rider typeAll-rounder
Amateur team
1976–1980U.S. National Team
Professional teams
1981–1984Renault–Elf–Gitane
1985–1987La Vie Claire
1988PDM–Ultima–Concorde
1989AD Renting–W-Cup–Bottecchia
1990–1994Z–Tomasso
Major wins
Grand Tours
Tour de France
General classification (1986, 1989, 1990)
Young rider classification (1984)
Combination classification (1985, 1986)
5 individual stages (1985, 1986, 1989)
2 TTT stages (1984, 1985)
Giro d'Italia
1 individual stage (1986)

Stage races

Tour de l'Avenir (1982)
Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré (1983)

One-day races and Classics

World Road Race Championships (1983, 1989)

Other

Super Prestige Pernod International (1983)
Medal record
Representing  United States
Men's road bicycle racing
World Championships
1979 Buenos Aires Junior road race
1983 Altenrhein Road race
1989 Chambéry Road race
1982 Goodwood Road race
1985 Giavera di Montello Road race

LeMond began his professional cycling career in 1981. Two years later, he became the first American male cyclist to win the Road World Championship. LeMond won the Tour de France in 1986; he is the first non-European professional cyclist to win the men's Tour. LeMond was accidentally shot with pellets and seriously injured while hunting in 1987. Following the shooting, he underwent two surgeries and missed the next two Tours. At the 1989 Tour, LeMond completed an improbable comeback to win in dramatic fashion on the race's final stage. He successfully defended his Tour title the following year, becoming one of only eight riders to win three or more Tours. LeMond retired from competition in December 1994 and was inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in 1996. He was the first professional cyclist to sign a million-dollar contract and the first cyclist to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated.

During his career, LeMond championed several technological advancements in pro cycling, including the introduction of aerodynamic "triathlon" handlebars and carbon fiber bicycle frames,[3] which he later marketed through his company LeMond Bicycles. His other business interests have included restaurants, real estate, and consumer fitness equipment.[4] LeMond is also a vocal opponent of performance-enhancing drug use in cycling and is a founding board member of 1in6.org, a nonprofit charity that assists male victims of child sex abuse.

Early life and amateur career edit

LeMond was born in Lakewood, California,[5] and was raised in the Washoe Valley, a ranch country on the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountain range between Reno, and the family home about 2.5 miles north of Carson City, Nevada.[6][7] His parents are Bob and Bertha LeMond (d. 2006), and he has two sisters, Kathy and Karen.

LeMond grew up living an active, outdoor life. Hiking, hunting, skiing and flyfishing were boyhood pastimes.[8] The ranch country of the Sierra Nevada mountain range lent itself to such pursuits. A hyperactive youngster, LeMond believes these outdoor activities helped keep him out of trouble. "I was a boy who just could not sit still. I had trouble focusing in school. Parents and educators then did not have the skill set to diagnose and cope with what we know now was a classic case of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD certainly was not the frequently medicated childhood disease it is today. My triumph over the symptoms was found atop two thin tires over many dusty miles."[9] Said LeMond: "That's one of the traits. It's the inability to sit down [and listen] to something you are not really interested in and absorb it. If they are interested in it, people with ADD excel in really good ways. When I got into cycling I would say the sport itself took a fog off my brain. I was able to absorb stuff I read. It changed my life."[10]

LeMond attended Earl Wooster High School in Reno but lived too far away to participate in team sports. He soon biked almost daily to high school. LeMond often rode home from Wooster, taking a route over Mt. Rose, along to Incline Village, then south on Hwy 28, then downhill to Carson City, then to his home. [11]

LeMond's introduction to cycling came in 1975, thanks to freestyle skiing pioneer Wayne Wong, who recommended the bike as an ideal off-season training aid.[12] LeMond started competing in 1976, and after dominating the Intermediate category (13–15) and winning the first 11 races he entered,[13] LeMond received permission to ride against older, more seasoned competitors in the Junior (16–19) category.[14]

In 1977, while still only 15, LeMond finished second in the Tour of Fresno to John Howard, then the United States's top road cyclist and the 1971 Pan American Games champion.[14] He caught the attention of Eddie Borysewicz, the US Cycling Federation's national team coach, who described LeMond as "a diamond, a clear diamond."[15] LeMond represented the United States at the 1978 Junior World Championships in Washington, D.C., where he finished ninth in the road race,[16] and again in the 1979 Junior World Championships in Argentina,[17] winning gold, silver and bronze medals—the highlight being his victory in the road race.[13] At age 18, LeMond was selected for the 1980 U.S. Olympic cycling team, the youngest ever to make the team.[7] However, the U.S. boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow prevented him from competing there.[17]

Borysewicz, whom LeMond described as his "first real coach,"[18] wanted to retain his protégé through the next Olympic cycle and discouraged him from turning pro, but LeMond was determined.[18] Nevertheless, while he was the reigning Junior World Road Champion in 1980, LeMond received no professional offers, and so in the spring of 1980, he joined the U.S. National cycling team for a 6-week European racing campaign. There, LeMond finished third overall in the Circuit des Ardennes before winning the 1980 Circuit de la Sarthe stage race in France,[19][20] thereby becoming the first American and youngest rider of any nationality "in the history of the sport to win a major pro-am cycling event [in Europe]."[21] That victory, and the subsequent press coverage, raised LeMond's profile in Europe and he was scouted at his next event (the Ruban Granitier Breton stage race) by Cyrille Guimard, the Renault–Elf–Gitane team's directeur sportif. Guimard said he was impressed with LeMond's spirit, and told him, "You have the fire to be a great champion", before offering him a professional contract for 1981 with Renault.[22] After he returned to the United States, LeMond won the 1980 Nevada City Classic, considered to be one of the most historic and challenging professional cycling races in United States.[23][24] Despite eventually receiving several other offers to turn professional besides Guimard's, LeMond did not consider them seriously, and he signed with Renault in Paris on the day the 1980 Tour de France finished.[25]

Professional career edit

LeMond was an "exceptionally gifted" amateur rider[13] who quickly established himself as one of the most talented cyclists on the professional circuit.[17] Respected cycling journalist John Wilcockson, who reported the Tour de France for more than 40 years, described LeMond as a rider who was fuoriclasse.[N 1]

1981–1983: early years edit

LeMond's first professional victory came three months into his 1981 debut when he won a stage of the French Tour de l'Oise. LeMond followed with a win in the Coors Classic in the United States, finishing ahead of Sergei Sukhoruchenkov, the 1980 Olympic Road champion. The major step forward in 1981 occurred in the Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré stage race where LeMond placed third. The achievement is the more remarkable because he rode the race in support of team leader Bernard Hinault. LeMond missed standing on the podium with race winner Hinault, as Pascal Simon had finished ahead of him. Two weeks later, Simon was assessed a 10-minute penalty when it was discovered he had been doping. LeMond considered the race to have been a "major steppingstone" in his career. Said LeMond: "It showed me that I had the kind of climbing ability that you need to win the top European stage races."[26] LeMond won a total of five races in his rookie season of 1981.[27]

LeMond broke his collarbone on April 11, 1982, while racing the cycling classic Liège–Bastogne–Liège.[28] The injury forced LeMond to ride a reduced schedule before entering the World Championships, which were in Goodwood, England that year. In the men's road race competition, LeMond broke for the line but was out-sprinted by Italian Giuseppe Saronni.[28] Following the race, LeMond's American teammate Jacques Boyer accused LeMond of chasing him down in the final 800 meters.[28] Saronni was very strong at the end of the race and flew past Boyer and LeMond, winning by 5 seconds over LeMond, with another 5 seconds back to Kelly. Boyer placed tenth.[29] Bronze medalist Sean Kelly, a favorite to win the race, was with Saronni when he caught LeMond with about 200 meters to go, but he could not hold his wheel. Said Kelly: "I don't think that Boyer was fading ... He got quite a good gap. Nobody wanted to go after him ... Yes, LeMond chased down Boyer. Boyer was the only man up the road."[28]

"Boyer really did a good ride. He made a good move, but a move like that has about a five-percent chance of making it ... There's no way in the world that I could have helped Boyer in the last 400 meters. The only thing I could have done was throw on my brakes, crash in front of the pack, and hopefully hold off Saronni. I mean, what kind of tactics is that? At 400 meters to go you just don't put on your brakes, especially in the World Championships."

—Greg LeMond in response to the criticism he received for his performance in the men's road race at the 1982 World Championships.[30]

LeMond was supported by his teammate George Mount, who observed, "What's LeMond going to do? Throw his bike down in front of everybody because Boyer is such a good buddy of everyone? ... Hell no—he's going to start sprinting because it's less than 200 meters to go and the sprint's already been going for a couple hundred meters. LeMond made a good move and a good sprint ... Boyer was not going to win that race. The best he could have got was fifth or sixth place."[31]

LeMond did not apologize. The U.S. team was not as set up as the European teams, and did not have an independent race to determine the national champion. Instead, the highest finisher at the World's was considered the national champion. LeMond had argued for the team to compete as the European teams did, but team management and Boyer voted against him. Thus, unlike the other teams at the world championship, the US riders were competing against each other.[32][N 2] Aged 21, LeMond was the first American pro to win a medal at the World's since Frank Kramer took silver in 1912.[27] Said LeMond: "I'm racing for Renault and I'm racing for myself. It's a business and it's my living. To me, that second place was almost as good as winning, especially at my age."[34]

Two weeks later, on September 20, 1982, LeMond won the mountainous 12-day, 837-mile (1,347 km) Tour de l'Avenir by a record 10 minutes, 18 seconds. The victory, and the time advantage LeMond held at the end, stunned Europe and provided broad confirmation that LeMond was indeed fuoriclasse.[27]

The following year, 1983, LeMond won the Road World Championship in Altenrhein, Switzerland outright, becoming the first American male cyclist to do so.[35] (Audrey McElmury won in 1969 and Beth Heiden won in 1980.) LeMond's cycling talent—his overall strength, climbing ability, ability to ride a fast time trial and his capacity to recover quickly—all suggested LeMond would be an excellent prospect for the most demanding Grand Tours.[36]

1984–1986: Grand Tours edit

 
LeMond's combination classification jersey of the 1985 Tour de France

LeMond rode his first Tour de France in 1984, finishing third in support of team leader Laurent Fignon, and winning the white jersey of the young rider classification. The following year, he was brought across to La Vie Claire to ride in support of team captain Bernard Hinault who had regained his form and was attempting to win his fifth Tour.[37] French businessman and team owner Bernard Tapie signed LeMond with a $1 million contract over three years.[38] In the race Hinault led through the early mountain stages, but suffered a crash and came into difficulty. At this point, it was clear that LeMond was an elite rider capable of winning the Tour in his own right.[39] LeMond possessed a natural talent for riding the Grand Tours, and got stronger over the course of a three-week race.[40] The injured Hinault was vulnerable, and his competitors knew it.[41] Stage 17 included three major climbs in the Pyrenees. On the second, the Col du Tourmalet, LeMond followed Stephen Roche in an attack, but was not given permission to help build on the gap over the field.[42] The managers of his La Vie Claire team ordered the 24-year-old LeMond not to ride with Roche, but to sit on his wheel, a tactic to use the rider in front as cover for wind resistance so the following rider uses less energy.[43][N 3] The pace Roche could put out by himself eventually slowed, and other riders came up to join the two men. Hinault recovered as well, though he did not regain the lead group. At the end of the stage LeMond was frustrated to the point of tears.[40] He later revealed that team management and his own coach Paul Köchli had misled him as to how far back Hinault had dropped during the crucial Stage 17 mountain stage.[44] Hinault won the 1985 Tour, with LeMond finishing second, 1:42 behind. LeMond had ridden as the dutiful lieutenant, and his support enabled Hinault to win his fifth Tour.[N 4][40] In repayment for his sacrifice, Hinault promised to help LeMond win the Tour the following year.[40][45]

Hoping to end the season on a high note, LeMond entered the World Championships road race with the strongest team the United States ever fielded. Riders included Boyer and LeMond, as well as Andrew Hampsten, Ron Kiefel, Bob Roll and Eric Heiden and this time the American team was set up to help the three strongest riders in LeMond, then Hampsten and Kiefel.[46] Throughout the race LeMond answered repeated attacks and led many chase groups to contain dangerous breakaways, but by the final lap of the race he was beginning to tire. He was however, part of the group that was going to win, and while Hampsten and Keifel survived the race to this point, unfortunately they were too far back to assist LeMond in the final ten kilometers. Inside the final kilometer the last rider to launch an attack was former Tour and Vuelta champion Joop Zoetemelk. Being as he was 38 years old and long past his prime none of the remaining contenders including LeMond, Claudio Corti, Robert Millar, Moreno Argentin or Stephen Roche took the attack seriously initially. Zoetemelk opened a sizeable gap however, before long it was in excess of a hundred meters and quickly growing. He also had two teammates remaining in Johan van der Velde and Gerard Veldscholten, assisting him by riding at the front but not actually chasing, therefore slowing the chase group. Italian rider Moreno took up the chase but he had nothing left to close the gap and actually put his hand in the air waving for the other riders to come forward and take up the pursuit. LeMond too had nothing left to chase down this final attack feeling that if he did, he wouldn't have anything left for the sprint[46] and wouldn't win any medal at all. In a notable upset, Zoetemelk beat the favorites to the line by three seconds as LeMond out-sprinted Argentin to take the silver.[47] There was no controversy following this silver medal for LeMond and immediately after the race he rode up alongside the Dutchman and congratulated him saying, "Nice ride Joop."

For the 1986 Tour, LeMond was a co-leader of the La Vie Claire team alongside Hinault.[45][48] Hinault's support seemed less certain the closer the race approached.[49] An unspoken condition was that his help would be contingent upon LeMond demonstrating that he was clearly the better rider.[N 5] Hinault was in superb form, and had the chance to win an unprecedented sixth Tour. Hinault chose to let the Stage 9 individual time trial be the decider for which rider would receive the full support of team La Vie Claire.[N 6] Hinault won the Stage 9 time trial, finishing 44 seconds in front of LeMond. LeMond had bad luck during the stage, having suffered a punctured tire requiring a wheel change, and later in the stage a bicycle change was required when he broke a wheel. LeMond was frustrated with the outcome and the impact it would have on how the team would function for the remainder of the race. In Stage 12, the first mountain stage of the race in the Pyrenees, Hinault attacked the lead group and built up an overall lead. By the end of Stage 12, Hinault had a five-minute lead over LeMond and the other top riders.[51][52] He claimed he was trying to draw out LeMond's rivals, but none of these attacks were planned with LeMond.[53][N 7] He was clearly willing to ride aggressively and take advantage of the opportunities presented. LeMond was never placed in difficulty, except by his own teammate.[55] The following day Hinault broke away again early but was caught and then dropped by LeMond on the final climb of Stage 13, allowing LeMond to gain back four and a half minutes. The next three stages brought the Tour to the Alps. On Stage 17 LeMond and Urs Zimmermann dropped Hinault from the leading group, and the end of the day saw LeMond pulling on the yellow jersey of race leader, the first time it had ever been worn by a rider from the United States.[56] The following day in the Alps saw Hinault attack again early on the first climb, but he was pulled back. Attempting an escape on the descent, he was unable to separate himself from LeMond. The La Vie Claire team leaders were both excellent descenders. As they ascended up the next col they continued to pull away from the field, and maintained the gap as they reached the base of the final climb, the vaunted Alpe d'Huez. They pressed on through the crowd, ascending the twenty-one switchbacks of Alpe d'Huez and reaching the summit together. LeMond put an arm around Hinault and gave him a smile and the stage win in a show of unity,[57] but the infighting was not over. Hinault attacked again on Stage 19 and had to be brought back by teammates Andrew Hampsten and Steve Bauer.[58][N 8] Commenting on the team situation prior to the final individual time trial at Stage 20, LeMond offered the following with a wry smile: "He's attacked me from the beginning of the Tour De France. He's never helped me once, and I don't feel confident at all with him."[59]

 
LeMond (left) in the 1986 Coors Classic

LeMond had to keep his eye on his teammate and rival throughout the race. Hinault rode aggressively and repeatedly attacked, and the division created in the La Vie Claire team was unmistakable.[60] LeMond would keep the yellow jersey to the end of the race and win his first Tour, but he felt betrayed by Hinault and the La Vie Claire team leadership.[57] LeMond later stated the 1986 Tour was the most difficult and stressful race of his career.[61]

1987–1988: shooting accident and recovery edit

LeMond had planned to defend his title in the 1987 Tour de France with La Vie Claire, but he was unable to participate. Earlier that year, while riding in the Tirreno–Adriatico spring tune-up race, LeMond fell and fractured his left wrist. He returned to the United States to recover from the injury. The week before returning to Europe, he went turkey hunting on a ranch co-owned by his father in Lincoln, California. LeMond was with Rodney Barber and Patrick Blades, his uncle and brother-in-law.[62][63][64] The trio had become separated when Blades, who heard movement behind him, turned and fired through a bush.[62] The movement had come from LeMond, who was hit in his back and right side with approximately 60 pellets.[65][66] LeMond's injuries were life-threatening, but a police helicopter was already airborne near the scene and transported LeMond on a 15-minute air medical flight to the Medical Center at University of California-Davis. LeMond was taken for emergency surgery. He had suffered a pneumothorax to his right lung and extensive bleeding, having lost some 65 percent of his blood volume.[67] A physician informed LeMond later that he had been within 20 minutes of bleeding to death.[68] The operation saved his life, but four months later he developed a small bowel obstruction due to adhesions that had formed following the shooting.[69] He underwent another surgery to relieve the obstruction and take down the adhesions. Concerned that his team would drop him if they knew the shooting accident required a second surgery, LeMond asked the surgeons to remove his appendix at the same time. He then informed his team that he had had his appendix removed, but the rest of the story was left somewhat vague.[70] The events effectively ended his 1987 season, and in October he announced he would return to serious competition the following February, with the Dutch PDM team.[71]

With 35 shotgun pellets still in his body, including three in the lining of his heart and five more embedded in his liver, LeMond attempted to return to racing in 1988.[62] His comeback was hampered by over-training which resulted in tendonitis in his right shin requiring surgery. LeMond missed the Tour for the second year running. Tensions in the relationship between LeMond and PDM were aggravated when LeMond discovered that doping was going on at the PDM squad. The result was that LeMond moved from PDM, one of the strongest teams in the peloton, to ADR, a team based in Belgium. The team was co-sponsored by Coors Light for American races.[72] The deal was completed on New Year's Eve, just hours before LeMond would have been legally obliged to ride another season for the Dutch team.[73] Joining the Belgian ADR squad allowed LeMond to continue to compete, but with teammates like Johan Museeuw who were better suited to riding Classics than Grand Tours.[74]

1989: return to elite level edit

 
LeMond in 1989 at the Tour de Trump

After struggling in the 1989 Paris–Nice early-season race and failing to improve his condition, LeMond informed his wife Kathy that he intended to retire from professional cycling after the 1989 Tour de France.[69] He had some flashes of form with 6th overall in Tirreno–Adriatico and in the two-day Critérium International, sharing an escape with Fignon, Indurain, Mottet, Roche and Madiot and finishing 4th overall. He started the 1989 Giro d'Italia in May as preparation for the Tour to follow, but struggled in the mountains and was not in contention for any of the leaders' jerseys before the final 53 km (33 mi) individual time trial into Florence. LeMond placed a surprising second there, more than a minute ahead of overall winner Laurent Fignon.[N 9] Some of his improvement he attributed to an anti-anemia treatment he received twice during the race.[69][74]

 
LeMond starts the final time trial of the 1989 Tour de France

Coming into the 1989 Tour de France LeMond was not considered a contender for the general classification (GC).[76][77][N 10] His own most optimistic hope was to finish his final Tour in the top 20.[69] Without the weight of expectation and other pressures of being a Tour favorite, LeMond surprised observers with a strong ride in the 7.8 km (4.8 mi) prologue in Luxembourg, finishing fourth out of 198 riders.[79] Buoyed by the result, LeMond continued to ride well over the opening flat stages, winning the 73 km (45 mi) stage 5 individual time trial, and gaining the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification for the first time in three years.[80] LeMond seemed to ride himself into better condition during the first week's flat stages, and he was coming into peak form by the time the Tour reached the mountains. LeMond remained at the front of the race in the Pyrénées, but lost the lead to his former teammate and rival Laurent Fignon on stage 10 in Superbagnères.[79] Five days later LeMond reclaimed yellow in the Alps, after the 39 km (24 mi) stage 15 mountain time trial from Gap to Orcières-Merlette. The see-saw battle continued, and when Fignon attacked on the upper slopes of Alpe d'Huez LeMond was unable to go with him, placing the yellow jersey back on the shoulders of Fignon. Fignon held a 50-second advantage over LeMond going into the 21st and final stage, a rare 24.5 km (15.2 mi) individual time trial from Versailles to the Champs-Élysées in Paris.[81]

Fignon had won the Tour twice before, in 1983 and 1984, and was a very capable time trialist. It seemed improbable that LeMond could take 50 seconds off Fignon over the short course. This would require LeMond to gain two seconds per kilometer against one of the fastest chrono-specialists in the world.[69][76][82] LeMond had done wind tunnel testing in the off season and perfected his riding position.[83] He rode the time trial with a rear disc wheel, a cut-down Giro aero helmet and the same Scott clip-on aero bars which had helped him to the Stage 5 time trial win. Holding his time trialing position LeMond was able to generate less aerodynamic drag than Fignon, who used a pair of disc wheels but chose to go helmetless and did not use the aero bars that are now commonplace in time trials.[83] Instructing his support car not to give him his split times,[69][76] LeMond rode flat-out and finished at a record pace to beat Fignon by 8 seconds and claim his second Tour de France victory.[84][85][69] As LeMond embraced his wife and rejoiced on the Champs-Élysées, Fignon collapsed onto the tarmac, then sat in shock and wept.[69]

The final margin of victory of eight seconds is the closest in the Tour's history.[86][87] LeMond's 54.545 km/h (33.893 mph) average speed for the stage 21 time trial was, at that time, the fastest in Tour history. Since then, only the 1994 and 2015 prologues and David Zabriskie's 2005 time trial performance have been faster.[88][89][N 11] The press immediately labeled LeMond's come-from-behind triumph as, "the most astonishing victory in Tour de France history,"[91] and while LeMond admitted that it felt almost "too good to be true", he personally rated it as "much more satisfying" than his first overall Tour win in 1986.[92]

LeMond's return to the pinnacle of cycling was confirmed on August 27, when he won the 259 km (161 mi) World Championships road race in Chambéry, France.[93][94] Late in the race with less than 10 km to go the lead group, who had been away since very early in the race, made up of three very strong riders in Steven Rooks, Thierry Claveyrolat and Soviet star Dimitri Konyshev were trying to hold on to fight for the victory amongst themselves when Laurent Fignon broke away from the pursuing group in an effort to chase the leaders down and solo to victory. On the final climb of the race LeMond attacked in pursuit of Fignon on his own. Before long he had caught the Frenchman and not long after that the pair could see the lead group in front of them and they were quickly closing the gap. LeMond briefly dropped Fignon and caught the lead group on his own. Immediately upon catching Rooks, Claveyrolat and Konyshev he moved to the front and set the pace as two other riders in Canadian Steve Bauer and Irishman Sean Kelly attempted to bridge the gap up to LeMond and the lead group. Bauer ended up getting a flat tire, essentially ending his hopes at a high finish, while Sean Kelly was able to fight his way to the front group, which was bad news for LeMond and the others as Kelly was one of the best sprinters in the world. Fignon was able to rejoin the lead group as well and as the race approached the finish Fignon attacked on numerous occasions trying to drop the remaining riders. Rooks also launched an attack to go for the solo victory but was caught by LeMond, Fignon and the others. Inside the final kilometer Fignon continued attacking trying to break free, but couldn't force open a gap and began to fall back as the sprint materialized, eventually finishing in 6th place.[95] LeMond, Konyshev and Kelly were the strongest riders when it came to the final sprint for victory and they finished in that order.[96] After the race, LeMond said that he did not feel well and even considered abandoning the race. With two laps to go, he began feeling stronger and stated, "I was racing for the gold medal. I wanted that World Championship. And with one kilometer to go, I knew I could get it."[97] LeMond was only the fifth person in history to win both the Tour de France and the World Championship in the same year.[98] In December, Sports Illustrated magazine named LeMond its 1989 "Sportsman of the Year", the first time a cyclist received the honor.[99][100][101]

1990: a third tour win edit

 
LeMond leading the 1990 Tour de France

LeMond parlayed the success of his 1989 season into the then-richest contract in the sport's history, signing a $5.5 million deal for three years with Z–Tomasso of France, the first time a cyclist had signed a multi-million dollar contract.[102][99] He entered the 1990 Tour de France as defending champion and a pre-race favorite after leaving ADR to join the much stronger French team. At "Z" his teammates included Robert Millar, Éric Boyer and Ronan Pensec, all of whom already had finishes in the top six of the Tour de France.[103] This unified roster of strong riders appeared capable of supporting LeMond in the mountains and controlling the race on the flats.[104] The squad's tactical plan was upset on the first day, when a breakaway that included LeMond's teammate Ronan Pensec, but no major favorites, arrived ten minutes ahead of the field.[105] LeMond was prevented from challenging for the lead until the yellow jersey left the shoulders of his teammate. Surprisingly Pensec held the lead through the first high mountain stages, including Alpe d'Huez, but he lost it soon after to the relative unknown Claudio Chiappucci.

LeMond closed in on Chiappucci and on stage 16 he put his stamp of authority on the race during the final climb of Luz Ardiden. Late in this stage, after all of the breakaways had been caught he launched a devastating attack that no one could answer. Miguel Induráin was the only rider able to get on LeMond's wheel but it was LeMond dictating the pace all the way up the climb as Chiappucci, Delgado and all of the other favorites fell further and further behind. While Induráin stayed with LeMond, he was not a threat for victory, but his performance put the cycling world on notice; he went on to win the next five Tours. Near the end of the stage LeMond sat up and the Spaniard took the stage win, but the devastation of LeMond's competitors was all but complete as there was now only +0:05 between LeMond and the yellow jersey.

He finally overtook Chiappucci on the final individual time trial on stage 20, where he finished over two minutes ahead of the unheralded Italian. LeMond at last had the yellow jersey, wearing it the following day as the Tour rode into Paris.[106] LeMond won the 1990 Tour without taking any of the individual stages. He remains the last rider to win the Tour while wearing the world champion jersey. Over the course of the 1990 Tour the perceived strength of the Z team was confirmed, as they led the team classification through most of the race, adding the team title to LeMond's yellow jersey.[104] LeMond's 1990 Tour victory made him one of just five cyclists to win three or more Tours.[107] As of 2021 a total of seven cyclists have won three times or more.

In September, LeMond attempted to defend his title at the 1990 UCI Road World Championships, but finished fourth, eight seconds behind the winner, his former teammate Rudy Dhaenens of Belgium.[108]

1991–1994: change in the peloton and retirement edit

LeMond felt confident before the 1991 Tour de France. He was the defending champion, trained well and had a solid team to support him. LeMond was among the leaders going into the Stage 8 individual time trial, and he finished second to the Spaniard Miguel Induráin. LeMond felt he was riding extremely well, and though his TT-effort had propelled him into the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification, losing eight seconds to Indurain shook his confidence.[3] He held the yellow jersey for the next four days until Stage 12, a challenging 192 km (119 mi) mountain stage. LeMond experienced difficulty on the first climb and he cracked on the Col du Tourmalet, losing significant time to Claudio Chiappucci, and eventual winner Indurain. He continued to race, but was unable to seriously challenge for the lead thereafter, finishing the 1991 Tour seventh overall.[109]

In 1992, LeMond won the Tour DuPont, which would be the last major win of his career. He also had a strong top 10 finish in Paris–Roubaix early in the season. He never won any of cycling's 'Monument' races but he had several high places in four out of five of them throughout his career including 4th in Paris–Roubaix, 3rd in Liège–Bastogne–Liège and 2nd in Milan San Remo as well as the Giro di Lombardia.

In the 1992 Tour de France he started strongly and finished fourth in a breakaway on Stage 6 that put him fifth overall and he maintained his fifth place until the mountain stages when he lost form disastrously and lost more than 45 minutes on the stage to Sestrieres before quitting the race the next day—when his compatriot and former domestique Andrew Hampsten won atop Alpe d'Huez.[110][111] While LeMond claimed a serious saddle sore caused him to abandon, he had earlier stated, "My climbing is not like usual. I've climbed much better in the past Tours. This year I'm just not feeling my usual self."[112]

 
Former Tour champions Greg LeMond (fourth from left) and Laurent Fignon (center) climb with the "autobus" to Sestriere on Stage 13 of the 1991 Giro d'Italia

LeMond did extensive endurance training on the road the following winter, but his performances the following spring failed to improve. LeMond had to abandon the 1993 Giro d'Italia two days before the final stage after difficult racing left him 125th on GCC and third-from-last in the final time trial. He was too exhausted to enter the 1993 Tour de France.[113] Following the 1993 season LeMond hired renowned Dutch physiologist Adrie van Diemen to advise him on a new technique to monitor training and measure performance. The (SRM) power-based training would make use of the watt as a guide to power output.[114] In November 1993 LeMond confided to Samuel Abt that power output in watts would become the key metric.[113][N 12] The watt has gained wide acceptance as the best measure of a cyclist's training performance.[115]

The following year LeMond began the 1994 Tour de France but found he was unable to race effectively. He had to abandon after the first week before the race had reached the difficult mountain stages. That December, he announced his retirement. At the time the reasons for LeMond's increasing difficulties were not entirely known. At a loss, he speculated that a condition known as mitochondrial myopathy might be responsible for the difficulty he was having performing against the current riders.[116][N 13] In 2007, however, LeMond speculated that he might not have had the condition after all, and suggested that lead toxicity from the shotgun pellets still embedded in his body might have been responsible, the effects of which were increased by heavy training.[118][119]

LeMond has acknowledged since 2010 that the increasing prevalence of doping in cycling contributed to his lack of competitiveness. Said LeMond: "Something had changed in cycling. The speeds were faster and riders that I had easily outperformed were now dropping me. At the time, the team I was on, Team Z, became more and more demanding, more and more concerned..."[111] He stated he had been told in 1994 that he would need to blood dope in order to win again.[120] He frankly admitted to Abt in 1999: "I figure I had three months that went right for me after the hunting accident," three months in which he won the two Tours and a world road race championship. "The rest were just pure suffering, struggling, fatigue, always tired."[121]

In a wide-ranging interview with American novelist Bryan Malessa in 1998, LeMond was asked if his career had not been interrupted by the hunting accident, how did he feel he would compare to five time Tour winners such as Bernard Hinault and Miguel Induráin. LeMond responded: "Of course you can't rewrite racing history, but I'm confident that I would have won five Tours."[44][N 14]

Two years after his retirement LeMond was inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in a ceremony at Rodale Park in Trexlertown, Pennsylvania. The event was held on June 8, 1996, during the U.S. Olympic Cycling Team Trials.[122][123]

In July 2014, ESPN announced the premiere of a new 30 for 30 film entitled Slaying the Badger. The film centers on LeMond and his former teammate Hinault at the 1986 Tour de France. It is based on the book of the same name by Richard Moore, and it premiered July 22, 2014, on ESPN.[124]

A 2022 documentary entitled The Last Rider directed by Alex Holmes for New Black Films, features Lemond, and wife Kathy, and details Lemond's life and career.[125]

Business interests edit

 
LeMond riding on a carbon fiber bicycle in the 1991 Tour de France

LeMond was a pioneer in the use of carbon fiber bicycle frames in European professional road cycling, and his Tour de France win in 1986 ahead of Bernard Hinault was the first for a carbon-framed bicycle.[126] Ironically, given the rivalry that existed at the time between the American and his French teammate, LeMond rode a "Bernard Hinault" Signature Model Look prototype that year.[127] LeMond also won the 1989 Tour de France, the 1989 World Championship, and his final Tour de France in 1990 on carbon fiber frames.[128] These bicycle frames featured "Greg LeMond" branding.

LeMond Cycles edit

Main article: LeMond Racing Cycles

In 1990, LeMond founded LeMond Bicycles to develop machines for himself that would also be marketed and sold to the public. The following year, searching for an equipment edge for Team Z at the 1991 Tour de France, LeMond concluded an exclusive licensing agreement between his company and Carbonframes, Inc., to access the latter's advanced composites technology.[129] Whilst using the bikes for the 1991 Tour, he would maintain his carbon bike in his hotel room, leading his mechanics to fear it had been stolen.[130] While LeMond briefly led the 1991 Tour overall, riding his Carbonframes-produced "Greg LeMond" bicycle, the company eventually faltered, something LeMond blamed on "under-capitalization" and poor management by his father.[131] Carbonframes and LeMond Cycles "parted amiably two years later."[132] In 1995, with his company allegedly nearly bankrupt, LeMond reached a licensing-agreement with Trek Bicycle Corporation, according to which the Wisconsin-based company would manufacture and distribute bicycles designed with LeMond that would be sold under the "LeMond Bicycles" brand.[133] LeMond would later claim that going into business with Trek "destroyed" his relationship with his father.[131] The lucrative partnership, which generated revenue for Trek in excess of US$100,000,000, would be renewed several times over the course of 13 years, but it ultimately ended in acrimony after LeMond's relationship with Trek deteriorated over his staunch anti-doping advocacy.[134]

LeMond found himself at odds with Trek in July 2001 after he expressed public concern over the relationship between Italian doping doctor Michele Ferrari and Trek's star athlete, Lance Armstrong.[135][136][137][138][139] Trek president John Burke pressured LeMond to apologize, claiming, "Greg's public comments hurt the LeMond brand and the Trek brand."[133][140] Burke allegedly justified his demand for an apology by advising that, "As a contractual partner, he [LeMond] could criticize doping only generally – not point his finger at specific athletes, particularly one that happens to be the company's main cash cow."[134] Armstrong reportedly said privately he could "shut him up" by contacting Trek, as documented in affidavits by Frankie and Betsy Andreu released in the 2012 USADA doping report.[141][142] LeMond issued an apology for his comment.[143]

In a 2007 interview, LeMond accused Armstrong of trying to sabotage his relationship with Trek bicycles.[131] In March 2008, LeMond Cycling Inc sued Trek for failing to properly promote and distribute the LeMond brand, and for attempting to "silence" LeMond's public comments about doping, attributing this to the influence of Armstrong on Trek.[144] His complaint included statistics detailing slow sales in some markets, including the fact that between September 2001 and June 2007, Trek only sold $10,393 worth of LeMond bikes in France, a country in which LeMond was both famous and popular.[134] Trek responded in April 2008, announcing that it was dropping LeMond Bicycles from its product line and that it would sue to sever the licensing agreement.[145][134]

 
LeMond (left) at the 2010 Interbike trade show

As promised, Trek counter-sued and stopped producing bicycles under the LeMond brand.[133] After nearly two years of litigation, LeMond reached a confidential out-of-court settlement with Trek in February 2010.[146] The settlement permitted the case to be dismissed with prejudice, meaning, "neither side can produce the same claims against one another in a future lawsuit."[146] Although settlement terms were not disclosed, LeMond reportedly obtained full control over the LeMond Bicycles name, while Trek made a donation of US$200,000 to the charity 1in6, of which LeMond was a founding member of the board of directors.[147][148]

LeMond Fitness/Revolution edit

In 2002, LeMond, Bernie Boglioli and others founded LeMond Fitness, Inc. "to help individuals achieve their fitness and performance goals and train more effectively."[149] The company's primary business is the development and manufacture of bicycle trainers and indoor exercise bikes for consumers in the United States and internationally.[150] LeMond serves as chairman of the board.[151] In 2012, Hoist Fitness negotiated to purchase an interest in the company and announced plans to move its headquarters to Hoist's offices in San Diego, California. In late 2012, LeMond purchased the LeMond Revolution from Hoist, relaunching with a new management team in Minneapolis. Later, he also formed LeMond LLC to introduce a suite of brands. Professional cycling's Garmin–Sharp team renewed its sponsorship with LeMond to use its Revolution trainers for another three seasons. The team won several stages of the Tour de France, plus the general classification of the 2012 Giro d'Italia.[152]

Partnership with Time edit

At the Interbike trade show in September 2013, LeMond announced that he was returning to the business of bicycle manufacture and sales by partnering with French company Time. The new line began with a series of commemorative designed bicycles, to be followed with road, cyclocross, and gravel-road models. LeMond purchased Time Sport USA, the US distributor for the company. Said LeMond: "I'm really excited to be back in the bike industry."[153]

Real estate edit

In 2002, LeMond joined his parents-in-law David and Sacia Morris, friend Michael Snow and J.P. Morgan & Co. fund manager Jorge Jasson to invest in the exclusive Yellowstone Club, a Big Sky, Montana, private ski and golf community founded by timber baron Tim Blixseth and his wife Edra.[4] Each of the five partners paid Blixseth $750,000 for one percent shares in the exclusive resort. LeMond also purchased several building lots and maintained a property at the resort. Four years later, LeMond and partners sued Blixseth in 2006 following reports of a Credit Suisse loan to the resort of $375 million from which Blixseth reportedly took $209 million in a disputed partial payout for his ownership stake. The Credit Suisse loan was based on a $1.16 billion Cushman & Wakefield valuation of the resort, for which LeMond and partners each sought $11.6 million for their one-percent shares.[154] In 2007, LeMond settled his suit with the Blixseths for $39 million.[155] However, he and his partners remained creditors as the Blixseths defaulted on a $20 million payment (after having already paid the group $18 million).[156] In 2009, the Blixseths divorced and the Club went bankrupt.[157]

Restaurants edit

LeMond became a restaurateur in August 1990 when, in partnership with his wife and her parents, he opened Scott Kee's Tour de France on France Avenue in the Minneapolis suburb of Edina, Minnesota.[158][159] LeMond described the restaurant, which was named for its chef (LeMond's brother-in-law), as "a dream of five years come true." Explaining the origin of the concept, LeMond said, "Kathy and I have eaten at the finest establishments in France, Italy and Belgium. Our favorites have always been small places, family-owned."[160] LeMond also partnered in several Bruegger's bagel bakery–café franchises.[122][123]

LeMond Composites edit

LeMond founded LeMond Composites in 2016 to manufacture high-volume, low-cost carbon fiber composites under a licensing agreement with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and an exclusive 20-year licensing agreement with Deakin University.[161][162][163] In 2017 LeMond and his family moved from Minnesota to Oak Ridge, Tennessee, to be close to the $125 million LeMond Composites manufacturing facility.[164]

On October 16, 2017, Australian politician Sarah Henderson announced that LeMond Composites would receive AU$2.5 million (US$1.88 million) in Australian Federal Government funding to establish a carbon fiber manufacturing plant in Geelong, Australia.[165]

Broadcasting edit

In 2014, LeMond joined Eurosport as a pundit for the channel's cycling coverage, providing analysis at Paris–Roubaix, the Giro d'Italia and the Tour de France, and hosting his own monthly program LeMond on Cycling.[166] He continued to work for the channel until 2017.[167]

Anti-doping stance and controversies edit

Main article: Greg LeMond anti-doping stance and controversies
 
LeMond addresses the Play the Game 2009 conference

LeMond is a longtime vocal opponent of performance-enhancing drug use. He first spoke on-record against doping in cycling after winning the 1989 Tour de France.[168] He has consistently questioned the relationship between riders and unethical sports doctors[169] and has pointed out that doping products ultimately victimize the professional cyclists who make use of them.[170] Said LeMond: "When I speak out about doping people could translate it and think it was about the riders. Actually I feel like I am an advocate for the riders. I look at them as being treated like lab rats that are test vehicles for the doctors. The doctors, the management, the officials, they're the ones that have corrupted riders. The riders are the only ones that pay the price."[170]

In 2001, LeMond received intense criticism when he publicly criticized Lance Armstrong's relationship with Dr. Michele Ferrari.[171][172][173] Ferrari is an Italian physician and sports trainer who admitted to practicing blood doping and advocated the controlled use of the banned substance erythropoietin by athletes.[136][137][138][139] Upon learning of Armstrong's association with Ferrari, LeMond said:

"When Lance won the prologue to the 1999 Tour I was close to tears, but when I heard he was working with Michele Ferrari I was devastated. In the light of Lance's relationship with Ferrari, I just don't want to comment on this year's Tour. This is not sour grapes. I'm disappointed in Lance, that's all it is."[135]

LeMond's comments placed him in the center of an anti-doping controversy.[174] About a month later, following pressure from both Armstrong and Trek,[133][140][134][141][142] LeMond issued an apology for his comment; he called Armstrong "a great champion" and added, "I do not believe, in any way, that he has ever used any performance-enhancing substances. I believe his performances are the result of the same hard work, dedication and focus that were mine 10 years ago."[143]

In 2004, LeMond spoke out again. On the heels of successive Tour de France wins by Armstrong, LeMond said, "If Armstrong's clean, it's the greatest comeback. And if he's not, then it's the greatest fraud." LeMond went public with the fallout of his 2001 statement, alleging that Armstrong had threatened to defame him and threatened his business interests as well:

"[Armstrong] basically said 'I could find 10 people that will say you took EPO' ... The week after, I got multiple people that were on Lance ... Lance's camp, basically saying 'You better be quiet,' and I was quiet for three years. I have a business ... I have bikes that are sold ... and I was told that my sales might not be doing too well if ... just the publicity, the negative publicity."[175]

The same month, LeMond told French newspaper Le Monde that Armstrong was "ready to do anything to keep his secret. I don't know how he can continue to convince everybody of his innocence."[176] At a press conference Armstrong gave in September 2008 to announce his return to cycling, LeMond publicly challenged him with questions about doping. Armstrong appeared angry and interrupted LeMond, telling him it was time to move on.[177] In August 2012, the USADA announced that Armstrong had been issued a lifetime ban from cycling competition due to his involvement in a massive doping scheme.[178] In addition, the USADA stripped Armstrong of his seven Tour de France titles.[179]

LeMond has also clashed with fellow Tour rider Floyd Landis regarding the doping issue.[180][181][182] On May 17, 2007, LeMond testified at a USADA hearing convened to weigh the evidence of doping by Landis during the 2006 Tour de France. Under oath, LeMond described a phone conversation he had with Landis on August 6, 2006, as well as another with Landis' business manager, Will Geoghegan, on May 16, 2007, the evening before LeMond appeared to testify. The major points of the testimony were:

  • In the August 6 conversation, LeMond said he told Landis that "If you did (admit to having used banned substances), you could single-handedly change the sport. You could be the one who will salvage the sport." LeMond said Landis responded by saying "What good would it do? If I did, it would destroy a lot of my friends and hurt a lot of people."[183]
  • In their conversation, LeMond had disclosed his history of childhood sexual abuse to Landis and said the secret had nearly destroyed him. LeMond stated he warned Landis. "(Lying about doping) will come back to haunt you when you are 40 or 50. If you have a moral compass and ethics, this will destroy you."[183]
  • Will Geoghegan attempted to stop LeMond's testimony by calling LeMond on his mobile phone. LeMond reported that Geoghegan claimed he was "his uncle" and intimated that he would appear at the hearing and expose the fact that LeMond was a survivor of child sex abuse.[184] LeMond's BlackBerry, with Geoghegan's phone number captured in the call log, was entered into evidence.[183]

In 2007, Landis was found guilty of doping and was banned from cycling for two years.[185] In 2010, he admitted to having been involved in doping.[186] Also in 2010, Landis apologized to LeMond for the events of 2007.[187][188]

On July 23, 2009, LeMond wrote an opinion article[189] in the French newspaper Le Monde where he questioned the validity of Alberto Contador's climb up Verbier in the 2009 Tour de France. In the piece, LeMond pointed out that Contador's calculated VO2 max of 99.5 mL/(kg·min) had never been achieved by any athlete.[190][191] Said LeMond: "The burden is then on Alberto Contador to prove he is physically capable of performing this feat without the use of performance-enhancing products."[192] Contador tested positive for clenbuterol after winning the 2010 Tour and was later stripped of his title and suspended from cycling for two years.[193]

LeMond has criticized the UCI and its former president, Pat McQuaid.[194] In December 2012, LeMond claimed that a change needed to be made in the leadership for the UCI and stated if called upon he would be willing to take the position himself if necessary to lead cycling out of the mire of doping. Said LeMond: "It is now or never to act. After the earthquake caused by the Armstrong case another chance will not arise. I am willing to invest to make this institution more democratic, transparent and look for the best candidate in the longer term."[195] McQuaid rejected LeMond's call for new leadership and was dismissive of LeMond.[196] Ultimately McQuaid was defeated in his bid for a third term by British Cycling president Brian Cookson at the September 2013 UCI Congress in Florence, Italy.[197] Lemond had supported Cookson in the UCI Presidential battle.[198]

 
LeMond at Carrefour de l'Arbre, near Roubaix, April 2015

Personal life edit

LeMond is married to Kathy (née Morris) and together they have three children: sons Geoffrey and Scott, and daughter Simone.[199][200] LeMond and his wife lived in Medina, Minnesota, from 1990 until 2017 and then moved to Oak Ridge, Tennessee.[164] Since his retirement, LeMond has become increasingly involved in philanthropic efforts relating to causes that have affected him personally (including ADHD and sexual abuse).[140] He is Catholic.[201]

LeMond is an avid outdoor enthusiast and fly angler,[140][202] and in 1991 – while still racing full-time – he made the world-record fly fishing catch of a four-pound smallmouth bass on a reel with a four-pound tippet. The record was certified by the National Freshwater Fishing Hall of Fame in Hayward, Wisconsin. The catch exceeded the then-previous record of three pounds, six ounces made on the same size tippet back in 1986.[203] LeMond confessed, "I always pack my fly fishing equipment when I travel to bike events. I fish every chance I get."[203]

After retiring from pro cycling, LeMond competed in Formula Ford 2000 series auto racing.[44][204] He is also a motivational speaker. LeMond narrated an award-winning documentary for Adventures for the Cure in 2008.

On July 16, 2007, LeMond rode the L'Étape du Tour cyclosportive with his son, and found it to be a defining moment in his post-competition life. "I had the time of my life", he said, despite getting "650th place" and being "impressed that I even finished". LeMond continued, "I decided that day that nobody's going to keep me from cycling, not Trek, not Armstrong, not Verbruggen, not anybody."[170] At the time, LeMond was alluding to a series of public and private disputes related to his anti-doping advocacy that hampered his enjoyment of cycling. Especially significant was LeMond's appearance as a USADA witness in the Floyd Landis doping case.[205] At that time, Landis's business manager threatened to expose the fact that LeMond was a survivor of child sex abuse.[206]

"I wanted to be seen as a good person, and never wanted to let people down, but I found it hard to handle the fame or adulation. I didn't feel worthy of it. I was ashamed by who I thought I was because I felt partly responsible [for the abuse] and I was never able to enjoy the stuff I should have been able to enjoy. My first thought when I won the Tour was: 'My God, I'm going to be famous', and then I thought, 'He's going to call'. I was always waiting for that phone call. I lived in fear that anyone would ever find out."

—Greg LeMond explaining how he felt about the fame he acquired.[140]

Several weeks later, LeMond and his wife Kathy gave an extensive interview to Paul Kimmage of The Sunday Times. LeMond provided additional details concerning the circumstances of his 2001 apology to Armstrong, stating that Trek, the longtime manufacturer and distributor of LeMond Racing Cycles, had threatened to end the relationship at the behest of Armstrong if he did not apologize. He described the two years following the apology as the worst in his life, marked by self-destructive behavior; ultimately, that behavior led LeMond to tell his wife that he was a survivor of child sex abuse and to seek help in addressing that past trauma. LeMond described how being a victim of molestation had impacted his life and his racing career.[140] In September 2007, LeMond became a founding board member of the non-profit organization 1in6.org, whose mission is "to help men who have had unwanted or abusive sexual experiences in childhood live healthy, happy lives".[207][208][209][210][211]

LeMond was in a car accident on the morning of January 30, 2013. He was driving through wintery and icy conditions to his dentist in Wayzata, Minnesota, when he lost control of his car. LeMond suffered a concussion and was left with no memory of the incident.[212] According to Associated Press, a Plymouth police report says LeMond left the road, hit a fence and shrubs, and then hit an embankment before ending up in the backyard of a home.[213] LeMond may have lost consciousness before the accident, according to his wife Kathy, and he suffered a compression fracture in his back and would have to wear a brace for three months.[214] The accident curtailed LeMond's public appearances in the first half of 2013, but he made a full recovery.

On September 19, 2019, the United States House of Representatives passed a bipartisan bill, submitted by California Representative Mike Thompson, to award LeMond the Congressional Gold Medal.[215] The bill was approved by Congress on November 16, 2020, and signed by president Donald Trump on December 4, 2020. Upon signature of the bill, the White House released a statement, saying the medal was awarded to LeMond "in recognition of his service to the Nation as an athlete, activist, role model, and community leader."[216]

In June 2022, LeMond was diagnosed with non-life-threatening leukemia.[217][218]

Career achievements edit

Major results edit

1977
1st   Road race, National Junior Road Championships
1978
1st   Overall Vuelta de Bisbee
2nd Road race, National Junior Road Championships
3rd   Team time trial, UCI Junior Road World Championships
1979
1st   Road race, UCI Junior Road World Championships
1st   Road race, National Junior Road Championships
1st Nevada City Classic
2nd   Track pursuit, UCI Junior Track World Championships
3rd   Team time trial, UCI Junior Road World Championships
1980
1st   Overall Circuit de la Sarthe
1st Nevada City Classic
3rd Overall Circuit des Ardennes
1981
1st   Overall Coors Classic
1st Stages 1 & 7
Tour de Picardie
1st Stages 2 & 2a
1st Nevada City Classic
3rd Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
3rd Overall Route du Sud
7th Overall Circuit de la Sarthe
1982
1st   Overall Tour de l'Avenir
1st Stages 4 (ITT), 5 & 8 (ITT)
2nd   Road race, UCI Road World Championships
2nd Overall Tour Méditerranéen
3rd Overall Tirreno–Adriatico
1st Stage 3
3rd Overall Tour de Corse
3rd Grand Prix de Rennes
1983
1st   Road race, UCI Road World Championships
1st   Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
1st Stages 1, 5 & 7b (ITT)
1st Overall Super Prestige Pernod International
1st Critérium des As
1st Stage 1 Tour Méditerranéen
2nd Grand Prix des Nations
2nd Giro di Lombardia
4th Overall Tour de Suisse
4th Paris–Tours
6th Druivenkoers Overijse
10th Overall Tirreno–Adriatico
1984
1st Stage 1 Clásico RCN
3rd Overall Tour de France
1st   Young rider classification
1st Stage 3 (TTT)
3rd Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
1st Stage 7b
3rd Liège–Bastogne–Liège
5th Overall Tirreno–Adriatico
7th Overall Ronde van Nederland
8th Overall Critérium International
9th Gent–Wevelgem
1985
1st   Overall Coors Classic
1st Stage 5
2nd Overall Tour de France
1st   Combination classification
1st Stages 3 (TTT) & 21 (ITT)
2nd   Road race, UCI Road World Championships
2nd Overall Tour of the Basque Country
3rd Overall Giro d'Italia
3rd Super Prestige Pernod International
4th Overall Critérium International
4th Paris–Roubaix
4th Omloop Het Volk
6th Overall Tour Méditerranéen
7th Tour of Flanders
7th Grand Prix Eddy Merckx
1986
1st   Overall Tour de France
1st   Combination classification
1st Stage 13
1st Stage 4 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
2nd Milan–San Remo
2nd Super Prestige Pernod International
2nd Overall Coors Classic
1st Stage 4a
3rd Overall Paris–Nice
3rd Overall Tour de Suisse
3rd Overall Critérium International
4th Overall Giro d'Italia
1st Stage 5
4th La Flèche Wallonne
4th Züri-Metzgete
7th Overall Étoile de Bessèges
7th Road race, UCI Road World Championships
1989
1st   Road race, UCI Road World Championships
1st   Overall Tour de France
1st Stages 5 (ITT), 19 & 21 (ITT)
2nd Boucles de l'Aulne
4th Overall Critérium International
4th Grand Prix des Amériques
6th Overall Tirreno–Adriatico
1990
1st   Overall Tour de France
2nd Züri-Metzgete
3rd Boucles de l'Aulne
4th Road race, UCI Road World Championships
10th Overall Tour de Suisse
1991
7th Overall Tour de France
Held   after Stage 1 & 8–11
Held   after Stages 1 & 2
1992
1st   Overall Tour DuPont
1st Prologue
2nd Overall Tour d'Armorique
9th Paris–Roubaix

Grand Tour general classification results timeline edit

Race 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
  Vuelta a España DNF — — — — — — — — — — —
  Giro d'Italia — — 3 4 — DNF 39 105 DNF — DNF —
  Tour de France — 3 2 1 — — 1 1 7 DNF — DNF

Classics results timeline edit

Monument 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
Milan–San Remo — 17 30 — — 2 — — — — — 22 — 140
Tour of Flanders — — — 15 7 11 — 30 63 — — — 25 —
Paris–Roubaix — — — — 4 30 — — — — 55 9 — —
Liège–Bastogne–Liège — — 78 3 17 14 — — — — — — — —
Giro di Lombardia — — 2 — — — — — — — — — — —
World Championships 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
  UCI World Championships 47 2 1 27 2 7 — — 1 4 DNF — — —
Legend
— Did not compete
DNF Did not finish

Awards edit

See also edit

References edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Quote: Fuoriclasse means much more than being gifted. In cycling, it is someone who has a slow pulse, large lungs, perfectly proportioned limbs, lean muscles, and, above all, the brain and mindset to utilize all those attributes to win the world's toughest races at the youngest possible age.[13]
  2. ^ Quote LeMond:"After the 1980 world championship, Jock had himself declared national champion because he was the best placed American in the world championships. The whole year he got to race in a star-spangled jersey, just like the American flag, as national champion. I had made it clear before going to Prague that I was not going to race the world championship as the national championship and have myself competing against other Americans instead of us all working together. The Dutch team didn't enter the race riding against each other to see who would become national champion. That's the spirit I wanted." US team officials called for a vote. Two riders sided with Boyer, two with LeMond. An official cast the deciding vote in favor of deciding the national champion as the highest placed American finisher at the world championship race. Said LeMond "Fine, but you race without me. If you want me to race, I'm racing for the world championship."[33]
  3. ^ Said Stephen Roche:"Greg was getting orders to attack me and not to ride. The main order was not to ride. That was frustrating. I think he felt he was stronger than me, and if he knew he had a better chance of beating me at the finish and in the time trial than why not ride? If we'd ridden at that point I think we'd have finished first and second in that Tour. Of course the team car was playing it down for Hinault. He was further back than they were letting on. They knew if we worked together Hinault wouldn't get back on, and LeMond would have won. They were looking after French interests.[42]
  4. ^ The term "dutiful lieutenant" is a cycling term for a teammate who sacrifices his own placing in a race to support his team leader.
  5. ^ In a pre-race story featured in L'Équipe, Hinault stressed it is not Hinault, but the race that will decide the outcome, saying "The strongest rider will win".[50]
  6. ^ Said LeMond: "His attitude seemed to be 'We'll see after the first time trial. We'll let that decide who is leading the team.' ... which was not the deal we cut."[49]
  7. ^ Said Hampsten about the first climb of Stage 12: "It was superhot, and early on Hinault was working really hard to drive a group clear, and I thought, That's a little weird. There was a long way to go. I asked Greg, 'Why's Hinault doing this? Did he talk to you?' And Greg said, 'No.' He had no idea why Hinault was riding so hard; it was like he was on a mission."[54]
  8. ^ Said Hampsten: "It's the only time I ever chased a teammate in my life. It felt weird; I felt sick doing it. I'm chasing my hero, who also happens to be my teammate, but you know what? I'm thinking 'This isn't cool. Greg has the jersey.' I knew it was the right thing to do. I was pissed, sick of the whole situation. Steve and I needed to support Greg."[58]
  9. ^ Quote Fignon: On the evening after I won the Giro Guimard came to have a word with me. All I was thinking about was celebrating my triumph. Guimard was already concerned about July and looked me straight in the eyes: 'LeMond will be up there at the Tour'. I could not hide my amazement.[75]
  10. ^ General classification tracks overall times for bicycle riders in multi-stage bicycle races. Each stage will have a stage winner, but the overall winner of the race is the rider with the lowest time in the GC. That is, the rider who has the fastest time when all the stage results are added together.[78]
  11. ^ Zabriskie eventually admitted to doping throughout his career, including the period in question.[90]
  12. ^ Quote LeMond: I know about training. I wrote a book about training. But I got away from what I used to do. I was doing cross-country skiing and easy riding in the winter and I'm starting to go in the opposite way now, working on my power, lifting weights with my legs, working on increasing my oxygen consumption. I'm watching my weight. I need to build my power and strength up as high as I can and then worry about my endurance. Endurance is the easiest aspect to build up. What I'm doing now is the opposite of what I've been doing, always working on my endurance. Except in 1989, when I did a lot of power training in the winter and that year I had great results as early as February. I'm not going to rush. I'm going to build up slowly, that's my goal, to really have a good base so that when I start racing hard in February, March and April, my body doesn't get tired from it and I get better. Which hasn't been the case the last couple of years."[113]
  13. ^ Mitochondrial myopathy is a rare condition in which the body's cellular energy system breaks down.[117]
  14. ^ Quote:Interviewer:"Barring your hunting accident, do you feel like your were capable of joining the ranks of riders like Hinualt and Indurain? Do you feel that you could have won five Tours?" LeMond: "Well, look at the facts. I have three Tour victories. I gave away the '85 Tour. I was out because of an accident during the two prime years of my career, '87 and '88, which were two of the easiest years to win the Tour in that period. I mean if you're in the thick of racing, you understand the hierarchy. During those two years, Hinault was out, Fignon was out. Put it this way, in '89 and '90 I only feel like I raced to 90 to 95 percent of my potential. In '86 I was much stronger, climbed much faster, much better time-trialist. When we would do the time-trials, Hinault and I would finish two to three minutes up on most people. And you have to remember that in cycling, every year you make minute improvements. In '86 I wasn't out of the top five stage races from February to September. Of course you can't rewrite racing history, but I'm confident that I would have won five Tours."[44]

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Bibliography edit

Further reading edit

  • de Visé, Daniel (2018). The Comeback: Greg LeMond, the True King of American Cycling, and a Legendary Tour de France. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-2794-5.
  • Porter, A. P. (1991). Greg LeMond: Premier Cyclist. Minneapolis: Lerner Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8225-9584-7.
  • So, Adrienne (November 2021). "Greg LeMond and the amazing candy colored dreambike". Wired. 29.11: 68–77.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Greg LeMond.
  • Greg LeMond at Cycling Archives 
  • Greg LeMond at ProCyclingStats 
  • Greg LeMond at CycleBase 
  • Official website
  • LeMond Composites May 31, 2020, at the Wayback Machine

January 01, 1970
greg, lemond, lemond, redirects, here, other, uses, lemond, disambiguation, gregory, james, lemond, born, june, 1961, american, former, road, racing, cyclist, lemond, tour, france, thrice, road, race, world, championship, twice, becoming, only, american, male,. LeMond redirects here For other uses see LeMond disambiguation Gregory James LeMond born June 26 1961 is an American former road racing cyclist LeMond won the Tour de France thrice and the Road Race World Championship twice becoming the only American male to win the former Greg LeMondLeMond in 2009Personal informationFull nameGregory James LeMondNicknameL Americain The American 1 LeMonster 2 Born 1961 06 26 June 26 1961 age 62 Lakewood California U S Height1 78 m 5 ft 10 in Weight67 kg 148 lb 10 st 8 lb Team informationCurrent teamRetiredDisciplineRoadRoleRiderRider typeAll rounderAmateur team1976 1980U S National TeamProfessional teams1981 1984Renault Elf Gitane1985 1987La Vie Claire1988PDM Ultima Concorde1989AD Renting W Cup Bottecchia1990 1994Z TomassoMajor winsGrand Tours Tour de FranceGeneral classification 1986 1989 1990 Young rider classification 1984 Combination classification 1985 1986 5 individual stages 1985 1986 1989 2 TTT stages 1984 1985 dd Giro d Italia1 individual stage 1986 dd Stage races Tour de l Avenir 1982 Criterium du Dauphine Libere 1983 One day races and Classics World Road Race Championships 1983 1989 Other Super Prestige Pernod International 1983 Medal record Representing United States Men s road bicycle racing World Championships 1979 Buenos Aires Junior road race 1983 Altenrhein Road race 1989 Chambery Road race 1982 Goodwood Road race 1985 Giavera di Montello Road race LeMond began his professional cycling career in 1981 Two years later he became the first American male cyclist to win the Road World Championship LeMond won the Tour de France in 1986 he is the first non European professional cyclist to win the men s Tour LeMond was accidentally shot with pellets and seriously injured while hunting in 1987 Following the shooting he underwent two surgeries and missed the next two Tours At the 1989 Tour LeMond completed an improbable comeback to win in dramatic fashion on the race s final stage He successfully defended his Tour title the following year becoming one of only eight riders to win three or more Tours LeMond retired from competition in December 1994 and was inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in 1996 He was the first professional cyclist to sign a million dollar contract and the first cyclist to appear on the cover of Sports Illustrated During his career LeMond championed several technological advancements in pro cycling including the introduction of aerodynamic triathlon handlebars and carbon fiber bicycle frames 3 which he later marketed through his company LeMond Bicycles His other business interests have included restaurants real estate and consumer fitness equipment 4 LeMond is also a vocal opponent of performance enhancing drug use in cycling and is a founding board member of 1in6 org a nonprofit charity that assists male victims of child sex abuse Contents 1 Early life and amateur career 2 Professional career 2 1 1981 1983 early years 2 2 1984 1986 Grand Tours 2 3 1987 1988 shooting accident and recovery 2 4 1989 return to elite level 2 5 1990 a third tour win 2 6 1991 1994 change in the peloton and retirement 3 Business interests 3 1 LeMond Cycles 3 2 LeMond Fitness Revolution 3 3 Partnership with Time 3 4 Real estate 3 5 Restaurants 3 6 LeMond Composites 4 Broadcasting 5 Anti doping stance and controversies 6 Personal life 7 Career achievements 7 1 Major results 7 2 Grand Tour general classification results timeline 7 3 Classics results timeline 7 4 Awards 8 See also 9 References 9 1 Notes 9 2 Citations 9 3 Bibliography 10 Further reading 11 External linksEarly life and amateur career editLeMond was born in Lakewood California 5 and was raised in the Washoe Valley a ranch country on the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountain range between Reno and the family home about 2 5 miles north of Carson City Nevada 6 7 His parents are Bob and Bertha LeMond d 2006 and he has two sisters Kathy and Karen LeMond grew up living an active outdoor life Hiking hunting skiing and flyfishing were boyhood pastimes 8 The ranch country of the Sierra Nevada mountain range lent itself to such pursuits A hyperactive youngster LeMond believes these outdoor activities helped keep him out of trouble I was a boy who just could not sit still I had trouble focusing in school Parents and educators then did not have the skill set to diagnose and cope with what we know now was a classic case of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD ADHD certainly was not the frequently medicated childhood disease it is today My triumph over the symptoms was found atop two thin tires over many dusty miles 9 Said LeMond That s one of the traits It s the inability to sit down and listen to something you are not really interested in and absorb it If they are interested in it people with ADD excel in really good ways When I got into cycling I would say the sport itself took a fog off my brain I was able to absorb stuff I read It changed my life 10 LeMond attended Earl Wooster High School in Reno but lived too far away to participate in team sports He soon biked almost daily to high school LeMond often rode home from Wooster taking a route over Mt Rose along to Incline Village then south on Hwy 28 then downhill to Carson City then to his home 11 LeMond s introduction to cycling came in 1975 thanks to freestyle skiing pioneer Wayne Wong who recommended the bike as an ideal off season training aid 12 LeMond started competing in 1976 and after dominating the Intermediate category 13 15 and winning the first 11 races he entered 13 LeMond received permission to ride against older more seasoned competitors in the Junior 16 19 category 14 In 1977 while still only 15 LeMond finished second in the Tour of Fresno to John Howard then the United States s top road cyclist and the 1971 Pan American Games champion 14 He caught the attention of Eddie Borysewicz the US Cycling Federation s national team coach who described LeMond as a diamond a clear diamond 15 LeMond represented the United States at the 1978 Junior World Championships in Washington D C where he finished ninth in the road race 16 and again in the 1979 Junior World Championships in Argentina 17 winning gold silver and bronze medals the highlight being his victory in the road race 13 At age 18 LeMond was selected for the 1980 U S Olympic cycling team the youngest ever to make the team 7 However the U S boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow prevented him from competing there 17 Borysewicz whom LeMond described as his first real coach 18 wanted to retain his protege through the next Olympic cycle and discouraged him from turning pro but LeMond was determined 18 Nevertheless while he was the reigning Junior World Road Champion in 1980 LeMond received no professional offers and so in the spring of 1980 he joined the U S National cycling team for a 6 week European racing campaign There LeMond finished third overall in the Circuit des Ardennes before winning the 1980 Circuit de la Sarthe stage race in France 19 20 thereby becoming the first American and youngest rider of any nationality in the history of the sport to win a major pro am cycling event in Europe 21 That victory and the subsequent press coverage raised LeMond s profile in Europe and he was scouted at his next event the Ruban Granitier Breton stage race by Cyrille Guimard the Renault Elf Gitane team s directeur sportif Guimard said he was impressed with LeMond s spirit and told him You have the fire to be a great champion before offering him a professional contract for 1981 with Renault 22 After he returned to the United States LeMond won the 1980 Nevada City Classic considered to be one of the most historic and challenging professional cycling races in United States 23 24 Despite eventually receiving several other offers to turn professional besides Guimard s LeMond did not consider them seriously and he signed with Renault in Paris on the day the 1980 Tour de France finished 25 Professional career editLeMond was an exceptionally gifted amateur rider 13 who quickly established himself as one of the most talented cyclists on the professional circuit 17 Respected cycling journalist John Wilcockson who reported the Tour de France for more than 40 years described LeMond as a rider who was fuoriclasse N 1 1981 1983 early years edit LeMond s first professional victory came three months into his 1981 debut when he won a stage of the French Tour de l Oise LeMond followed with a win in the Coors Classic in the United States finishing ahead of Sergei Sukhoruchenkov the 1980 Olympic Road champion The major step forward in 1981 occurred in the Criterium du Dauphine Libere stage race where LeMond placed third The achievement is the more remarkable because he rode the race in support of team leader Bernard Hinault LeMond missed standing on the podium with race winner Hinault as Pascal Simon had finished ahead of him Two weeks later Simon was assessed a 10 minute penalty when it was discovered he had been doping LeMond considered the race to have been a major steppingstone in his career Said LeMond It showed me that I had the kind of climbing ability that you need to win the top European stage races 26 LeMond won a total of five races in his rookie season of 1981 27 LeMond broke his collarbone on April 11 1982 while racing the cycling classic Liege Bastogne Liege 28 The injury forced LeMond to ride a reduced schedule before entering the World Championships which were in Goodwood England that year In the men s road race competition LeMond broke for the line but was out sprinted by Italian Giuseppe Saronni 28 Following the race LeMond s American teammate Jacques Boyer accused LeMond of chasing him down in the final 800 meters 28 Saronni was very strong at the end of the race and flew past Boyer and LeMond winning by 5 seconds over LeMond with another 5 seconds back to Kelly Boyer placed tenth 29 Bronze medalist Sean Kelly a favorite to win the race was with Saronni when he caught LeMond with about 200 meters to go but he could not hold his wheel Said Kelly I don t think that Boyer was fading He got quite a good gap Nobody wanted to go after him Yes LeMond chased down Boyer Boyer was the only man up the road 28 Boyer really did a good ride He made a good move but a move like that has about a five percent chance of making it There s no way in the world that I could have helped Boyer in the last 400 meters The only thing I could have done was throw on my brakes crash in front of the pack and hopefully hold off Saronni I mean what kind of tactics is that At 400 meters to go you just don t put on your brakes especially in the World Championships Greg LeMond in response to the criticism he received for his performance in the men s road race at the 1982 World Championships 30 LeMond was supported by his teammate George Mount who observed What s LeMond going to do Throw his bike down in front of everybody because Boyer is such a good buddy of everyone Hell no he s going to start sprinting because it s less than 200 meters to go and the sprint s already been going for a couple hundred meters LeMond made a good move and a good sprint Boyer was not going to win that race The best he could have got was fifth or sixth place 31 LeMond did not apologize The U S team was not as set up as the European teams and did not have an independent race to determine the national champion Instead the highest finisher at the World s was considered the national champion LeMond had argued for the team to compete as the European teams did but team management and Boyer voted against him Thus unlike the other teams at the world championship the US riders were competing against each other 32 N 2 Aged 21 LeMond was the first American pro to win a medal at the World s since Frank Kramer took silver in 1912 27 Said LeMond I m racing for Renault and I m racing for myself It s a business and it s my living To me that second place was almost as good as winning especially at my age 34 Two weeks later on September 20 1982 LeMond won the mountainous 12 day 837 mile 1 347 km Tour de l Avenir by a record 10 minutes 18 seconds The victory and the time advantage LeMond held at the end stunned Europe and provided broad confirmation that LeMond was indeed fuoriclasse 27 The following year 1983 LeMond won the Road World Championship in Altenrhein Switzerland outright becoming the first American male cyclist to do so 35 Audrey McElmury won in 1969 and Beth Heiden won in 1980 LeMond s cycling talent his overall strength climbing ability ability to ride a fast time trial and his capacity to recover quickly all suggested LeMond would be an excellent prospect for the most demanding Grand Tours 36 1984 1986 Grand Tours edit nbsp LeMond s combination classification jersey of the 1985 Tour de France LeMond rode his first Tour de France in 1984 finishing third in support of team leader Laurent Fignon and winning the white jersey of the young rider classification The following year he was brought across to La Vie Claire to ride in support of team captain Bernard Hinault who had regained his form and was attempting to win his fifth Tour 37 French businessman and team owner Bernard Tapie signed LeMond with a 1 million contract over three years 38 In the race Hinault led through the early mountain stages but suffered a crash and came into difficulty At this point it was clear that LeMond was an elite rider capable of winning the Tour in his own right 39 LeMond possessed a natural talent for riding the Grand Tours and got stronger over the course of a three week race 40 The injured Hinault was vulnerable and his competitors knew it 41 Stage 17 included three major climbs in the Pyrenees On the second the Col du Tourmalet LeMond followed Stephen Roche in an attack but was not given permission to help build on the gap over the field 42 The managers of his La Vie Claire team ordered the 24 year old LeMond not to ride with Roche but to sit on his wheel a tactic to use the rider in front as cover for wind resistance so the following rider uses less energy 43 N 3 The pace Roche could put out by himself eventually slowed and other riders came up to join the two men Hinault recovered as well though he did not regain the lead group At the end of the stage LeMond was frustrated to the point of tears 40 He later revealed that team management and his own coach Paul Kochli had misled him as to how far back Hinault had dropped during the crucial Stage 17 mountain stage 44 Hinault won the 1985 Tour with LeMond finishing second 1 42 behind LeMond had ridden as the dutiful lieutenant and his support enabled Hinault to win his fifth Tour N 4 40 In repayment for his sacrifice Hinault promised to help LeMond win the Tour the following year 40 45 Hoping to end the season on a high note LeMond entered the World Championships road race with the strongest team the United States ever fielded Riders included Boyer and LeMond as well as Andrew Hampsten Ron Kiefel Bob Roll and Eric Heiden and this time the American team was set up to help the three strongest riders in LeMond then Hampsten and Kiefel 46 Throughout the race LeMond answered repeated attacks and led many chase groups to contain dangerous breakaways but by the final lap of the race he was beginning to tire He was however part of the group that was going to win and while Hampsten and Keifel survived the race to this point unfortunately they were too far back to assist LeMond in the final ten kilometers Inside the final kilometer the last rider to launch an attack was former Tour and Vuelta champion Joop Zoetemelk Being as he was 38 years old and long past his prime none of the remaining contenders including LeMond Claudio Corti Robert Millar Moreno Argentin or Stephen Roche took the attack seriously initially Zoetemelk opened a sizeable gap however before long it was in excess of a hundred meters and quickly growing He also had two teammates remaining in Johan van der Velde and Gerard Veldscholten assisting him by riding at the front but not actually chasing therefore slowing the chase group Italian rider Moreno took up the chase but he had nothing left to close the gap and actually put his hand in the air waving for the other riders to come forward and take up the pursuit LeMond too had nothing left to chase down this final attack feeling that if he did he wouldn t have anything left for the sprint 46 and wouldn t win any medal at all In a notable upset Zoetemelk beat the favorites to the line by three seconds as LeMond out sprinted Argentin to take the silver 47 There was no controversy following this silver medal for LeMond and immediately after the race he rode up alongside the Dutchman and congratulated him saying Nice ride Joop For the 1986 Tour LeMond was a co leader of the La Vie Claire team alongside Hinault 45 48 Hinault s support seemed less certain the closer the race approached 49 An unspoken condition was that his help would be contingent upon LeMond demonstrating that he was clearly the better rider N 5 Hinault was in superb form and had the chance to win an unprecedented sixth Tour Hinault chose to let the Stage 9 individual time trial be the decider for which rider would receive the full support of team La Vie Claire N 6 Hinault won the Stage 9 time trial finishing 44 seconds in front of LeMond LeMond had bad luck during the stage having suffered a punctured tire requiring a wheel change and later in the stage a bicycle change was required when he broke a wheel LeMond was frustrated with the outcome and the impact it would have on how the team would function for the remainder of the race In Stage 12 the first mountain stage of the race in the Pyrenees Hinault attacked the lead group and built up an overall lead By the end of Stage 12 Hinault had a five minute lead over LeMond and the other top riders 51 52 He claimed he was trying to draw out LeMond s rivals but none of these attacks were planned with LeMond 53 N 7 He was clearly willing to ride aggressively and take advantage of the opportunities presented LeMond was never placed in difficulty except by his own teammate 55 The following day Hinault broke away again early but was caught and then dropped by LeMond on the final climb of Stage 13 allowing LeMond to gain back four and a half minutes The next three stages brought the Tour to the Alps On Stage 17 LeMond and Urs Zimmermann dropped Hinault from the leading group and the end of the day saw LeMond pulling on the yellow jersey of race leader the first time it had ever been worn by a rider from the United States 56 The following day in the Alps saw Hinault attack again early on the first climb but he was pulled back Attempting an escape on the descent he was unable to separate himself from LeMond The La Vie Claire team leaders were both excellent descenders As they ascended up the next col they continued to pull away from the field and maintained the gap as they reached the base of the final climb the vaunted Alpe d Huez They pressed on through the crowd ascending the twenty one switchbacks of Alpe d Huez and reaching the summit together LeMond put an arm around Hinault and gave him a smile and the stage win in a show of unity 57 but the infighting was not over Hinault attacked again on Stage 19 and had to be brought back by teammates Andrew Hampsten and Steve Bauer 58 N 8 Commenting on the team situation prior to the final individual time trial at Stage 20 LeMond offered the following with a wry smile He s attacked me from the beginning of the Tour De France He s never helped me once and I don t feel confident at all with him 59 nbsp LeMond left in the 1986 Coors Classic LeMond had to keep his eye on his teammate and rival throughout the race Hinault rode aggressively and repeatedly attacked and the division created in the La Vie Claire team was unmistakable 60 LeMond would keep the yellow jersey to the end of the race and win his first Tour but he felt betrayed by Hinault and the La Vie Claire team leadership 57 LeMond later stated the 1986 Tour was the most difficult and stressful race of his career 61 1987 1988 shooting accident and recovery edit LeMond had planned to defend his title in the 1987 Tour de France with La Vie Claire but he was unable to participate Earlier that year while riding in the Tirreno Adriatico spring tune up race LeMond fell and fractured his left wrist He returned to the United States to recover from the injury The week before returning to Europe he went turkey hunting on a ranch co owned by his father in Lincoln California LeMond was with Rodney Barber and Patrick Blades his uncle and brother in law 62 63 64 The trio had become separated when Blades who heard movement behind him turned and fired through a bush 62 The movement had come from LeMond who was hit in his back and right side with approximately 60 pellets 65 66 LeMond s injuries were life threatening but a police helicopter was already airborne near the scene and transported LeMond on a 15 minute air medical flight to the Medical Center at University of California Davis LeMond was taken for emergency surgery He had suffered a pneumothorax to his right lung and extensive bleeding having lost some 65 percent of his blood volume 67 A physician informed LeMond later that he had been within 20 minutes of bleeding to death 68 The operation saved his life but four months later he developed a small bowel obstruction due to adhesions that had formed following the shooting 69 He underwent another surgery to relieve the obstruction and take down the adhesions Concerned that his team would drop him if they knew the shooting accident required a second surgery LeMond asked the surgeons to remove his appendix at the same time He then informed his team that he had had his appendix removed but the rest of the story was left somewhat vague 70 The events effectively ended his 1987 season and in October he announced he would return to serious competition the following February with the Dutch PDM team 71 With 35 shotgun pellets still in his body including three in the lining of his heart and five more embedded in his liver LeMond attempted to return to racing in 1988 62 His comeback was hampered by over training which resulted in tendonitis in his right shin requiring surgery LeMond missed the Tour for the second year running Tensions in the relationship between LeMond and PDM were aggravated when LeMond discovered that doping was going on at the PDM squad The result was that LeMond moved from PDM one of the strongest teams in the peloton to ADR a team based in Belgium The team was co sponsored by Coors Light for American races 72 The deal was completed on New Year s Eve just hours before LeMond would have been legally obliged to ride another season for the Dutch team 73 Joining the Belgian ADR squad allowed LeMond to continue to compete but with teammates like Johan Museeuw who were better suited to riding Classics than Grand Tours 74 1989 return to elite level edit nbsp LeMond in 1989 at the Tour de Trump After struggling in the 1989 Paris Nice early season race and failing to improve his condition LeMond informed his wife Kathy that he intended to retire from professional cycling after the 1989 Tour de France 69 He had some flashes of form with 6th overall in Tirreno Adriatico and in the two day Criterium International sharing an escape with Fignon Indurain Mottet Roche and Madiot and finishing 4th overall He started the 1989 Giro d Italia in May as preparation for the Tour to follow but struggled in the mountains and was not in contention for any of the leaders jerseys before the final 53 km 33 mi individual time trial into Florence LeMond placed a surprising second there more than a minute ahead of overall winner Laurent Fignon N 9 Some of his improvement he attributed to an anti anemia treatment he received twice during the race 69 74 nbsp LeMond starts the final time trial of the 1989 Tour de France Coming into the 1989 Tour de France LeMond was not considered a contender for the general classification GC 76 77 N 10 His own most optimistic hope was to finish his final Tour in the top 20 69 Without the weight of expectation and other pressures of being a Tour favorite LeMond surprised observers with a strong ride in the 7 8 km 4 8 mi prologue in Luxembourg finishing fourth out of 198 riders 79 Buoyed by the result LeMond continued to ride well over the opening flat stages winning the 73 km 45 mi stage 5 individual time trial and gaining the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification for the first time in three years 80 LeMond seemed to ride himself into better condition during the first week s flat stages and he was coming into peak form by the time the Tour reached the mountains LeMond remained at the front of the race in the Pyrenees but lost the lead to his former teammate and rival Laurent Fignon on stage 10 in Superbagneres 79 Five days later LeMond reclaimed yellow in the Alps after the 39 km 24 mi stage 15 mountain time trial from Gap to Orcieres Merlette The see saw battle continued and when Fignon attacked on the upper slopes of Alpe d Huez LeMond was unable to go with him placing the yellow jersey back on the shoulders of Fignon Fignon held a 50 second advantage over LeMond going into the 21st and final stage a rare 24 5 km 15 2 mi individual time trial from Versailles to the Champs Elysees in Paris 81 Fignon had won the Tour twice before in 1983 and 1984 and was a very capable time trialist It seemed improbable that LeMond could take 50 seconds off Fignon over the short course This would require LeMond to gain two seconds per kilometer against one of the fastest chrono specialists in the world 69 76 82 LeMond had done wind tunnel testing in the off season and perfected his riding position 83 He rode the time trial with a rear disc wheel a cut down Giro aero helmet and the same Scott clip on aero bars which had helped him to the Stage 5 time trial win Holding his time trialing position LeMond was able to generate less aerodynamic drag than Fignon who used a pair of disc wheels but chose to go helmetless and did not use the aero bars that are now commonplace in time trials 83 Instructing his support car not to give him his split times 69 76 LeMond rode flat out and finished at a record pace to beat Fignon by 8 seconds and claim his second Tour de France victory 84 85 69 As LeMond embraced his wife and rejoiced on the Champs Elysees Fignon collapsed onto the tarmac then sat in shock and wept 69 The final margin of victory of eight seconds is the closest in the Tour s history 86 87 LeMond s 54 545 km h 33 893 mph average speed for the stage 21 time trial was at that time the fastest in Tour history Since then only the 1994 and 2015 prologues and David Zabriskie s 2005 time trial performance have been faster 88 89 N 11 The press immediately labeled LeMond s come from behind triumph as the most astonishing victory in Tour de France history 91 and while LeMond admitted that it felt almost too good to be true he personally rated it as much more satisfying than his first overall Tour win in 1986 92 LeMond s return to the pinnacle of cycling was confirmed on August 27 when he won the 259 km 161 mi World Championships road race in Chambery France 93 94 Late in the race with less than 10 km to go the lead group who had been away since very early in the race made up of three very strong riders in Steven Rooks Thierry Claveyrolat and Soviet star Dimitri Konyshev were trying to hold on to fight for the victory amongst themselves when Laurent Fignon broke away from the pursuing group in an effort to chase the leaders down and solo to victory On the final climb of the race LeMond attacked in pursuit of Fignon on his own Before long he had caught the Frenchman and not long after that the pair could see the lead group in front of them and they were quickly closing the gap LeMond briefly dropped Fignon and caught the lead group on his own Immediately upon catching Rooks Claveyrolat and Konyshev he moved to the front and set the pace as two other riders in Canadian Steve Bauer and Irishman Sean Kelly attempted to bridge the gap up to LeMond and the lead group Bauer ended up getting a flat tire essentially ending his hopes at a high finish while Sean Kelly was able to fight his way to the front group which was bad news for LeMond and the others as Kelly was one of the best sprinters in the world Fignon was able to rejoin the lead group as well and as the race approached the finish Fignon attacked on numerous occasions trying to drop the remaining riders Rooks also launched an attack to go for the solo victory but was caught by LeMond Fignon and the others Inside the final kilometer Fignon continued attacking trying to break free but couldn t force open a gap and began to fall back as the sprint materialized eventually finishing in 6th place 95 LeMond Konyshev and Kelly were the strongest riders when it came to the final sprint for victory and they finished in that order 96 After the race LeMond said that he did not feel well and even considered abandoning the race With two laps to go he began feeling stronger and stated I was racing for the gold medal I wanted that World Championship And with one kilometer to go I knew I could get it 97 LeMond was only the fifth person in history to win both the Tour de France and the World Championship in the same year 98 In December Sports Illustrated magazine named LeMond its 1989 Sportsman of the Year the first time a cyclist received the honor 99 100 101 1990 a third tour win edit nbsp LeMond leading the 1990 Tour de France LeMond parlayed the success of his 1989 season into the then richest contract in the sport s history signing a 5 5 million deal for three years with Z Tomasso of France the first time a cyclist had signed a multi million dollar contract 102 99 He entered the 1990 Tour de France as defending champion and a pre race favorite after leaving ADR to join the much stronger French team At Z his teammates included Robert Millar Eric Boyer and Ronan Pensec all of whom already had finishes in the top six of the Tour de France 103 This unified roster of strong riders appeared capable of supporting LeMond in the mountains and controlling the race on the flats 104 The squad s tactical plan was upset on the first day when a breakaway that included LeMond s teammate Ronan Pensec but no major favorites arrived ten minutes ahead of the field 105 LeMond was prevented from challenging for the lead until the yellow jersey left the shoulders of his teammate Surprisingly Pensec held the lead through the first high mountain stages including Alpe d Huez but he lost it soon after to the relative unknown Claudio Chiappucci LeMond closed in on Chiappucci and on stage 16 he put his stamp of authority on the race during the final climb of Luz Ardiden Late in this stage after all of the breakaways had been caught he launched a devastating attack that no one could answer Miguel Indurain was the only rider able to get on LeMond s wheel but it was LeMond dictating the pace all the way up the climb as Chiappucci Delgado and all of the other favorites fell further and further behind While Indurain stayed with LeMond he was not a threat for victory but his performance put the cycling world on notice he went on to win the next five Tours Near the end of the stage LeMond sat up and the Spaniard took the stage win but the devastation of LeMond s competitors was all but complete as there was now only 0 05 between LeMond and the yellow jersey He finally overtook Chiappucci on the final individual time trial on stage 20 where he finished over two minutes ahead of the unheralded Italian LeMond at last had the yellow jersey wearing it the following day as the Tour rode into Paris 106 LeMond won the 1990 Tour without taking any of the individual stages He remains the last rider to win the Tour while wearing the world champion jersey Over the course of the 1990 Tour the perceived strength of the Z team was confirmed as they led the team classification through most of the race adding the team title to LeMond s yellow jersey 104 LeMond s 1990 Tour victory made him one of just five cyclists to win three or more Tours 107 As of 2021 a total of seven cyclists have won three times or more In September LeMond attempted to defend his title at the 1990 UCI Road World Championships but finished fourth eight seconds behind the winner his former teammate Rudy Dhaenens of Belgium 108 1991 1994 change in the peloton and retirement edit LeMond felt confident before the 1991 Tour de France He was the defending champion trained well and had a solid team to support him LeMond was among the leaders going into the Stage 8 individual time trial and he finished second to the Spaniard Miguel Indurain LeMond felt he was riding extremely well and though his TT effort had propelled him into the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification losing eight seconds to Indurain shook his confidence 3 He held the yellow jersey for the next four days until Stage 12 a challenging 192 km 119 mi mountain stage LeMond experienced difficulty on the first climb and he cracked on the Col du Tourmalet losing significant time to Claudio Chiappucci and eventual winner Indurain He continued to race but was unable to seriously challenge for the lead thereafter finishing the 1991 Tour seventh overall 109 In 1992 LeMond won the Tour DuPont which would be the last major win of his career He also had a strong top 10 finish in Paris Roubaix early in the season He never won any of cycling s Monument races but he had several high places in four out of five of them throughout his career including 4th in Paris Roubaix 3rd in Liege Bastogne Liege and 2nd in Milan San Remo as well as the Giro di Lombardia In the 1992 Tour de France he started strongly and finished fourth in a breakaway on Stage 6 that put him fifth overall and he maintained his fifth place until the mountain stages when he lost form disastrously and lost more than 45 minutes on the stage to Sestrieres before quitting the race the next day when his compatriot and former domestique Andrew Hampsten won atop Alpe d Huez 110 111 While LeMond claimed a serious saddle sore caused him to abandon he had earlier stated My climbing is not like usual I ve climbed much better in the past Tours This year I m just not feeling my usual self 112 nbsp Former Tour champions Greg LeMond fourth from left and Laurent Fignon center climb with the autobus to Sestriere on Stage 13 of the 1991 Giro d Italia LeMond did extensive endurance training on the road the following winter but his performances the following spring failed to improve LeMond had to abandon the 1993 Giro d Italia two days before the final stage after difficult racing left him 125th on GCC and third from last in the final time trial He was too exhausted to enter the 1993 Tour de France 113 Following the 1993 season LeMond hired renowned Dutch physiologist Adrie van Diemen to advise him on a new technique to monitor training and measure performance The SRM power based training would make use of the watt as a guide to power output 114 In November 1993 LeMond confided to Samuel Abt that power output in watts would become the key metric 113 N 12 The watt has gained wide acceptance as the best measure of a cyclist s training performance 115 The following year LeMond began the 1994 Tour de France but found he was unable to race effectively He had to abandon after the first week before the race had reached the difficult mountain stages That December he announced his retirement At the time the reasons for LeMond s increasing difficulties were not entirely known At a loss he speculated that a condition known as mitochondrial myopathy might be responsible for the difficulty he was having performing against the current riders 116 N 13 In 2007 however LeMond speculated that he might not have had the condition after all and suggested that lead toxicity from the shotgun pellets still embedded in his body might have been responsible the effects of which were increased by heavy training 118 119 LeMond has acknowledged since 2010 that the increasing prevalence of doping in cycling contributed to his lack of competitiveness Said LeMond Something had changed in cycling The speeds were faster and riders that I had easily outperformed were now dropping me At the time the team I was on Team Z became more and more demanding more and more concerned 111 He stated he had been told in 1994 that he would need to blood dope in order to win again 120 He frankly admitted to Abt in 1999 I figure I had three months that went right for me after the hunting accident three months in which he won the two Tours and a world road race championship The rest were just pure suffering struggling fatigue always tired 121 In a wide ranging interview with American novelist Bryan Malessa in 1998 LeMond was asked if his career had not been interrupted by the hunting accident how did he feel he would compare to five time Tour winners such as Bernard Hinault and Miguel Indurain LeMond responded Of course you can t rewrite racing history but I m confident that I would have won five Tours 44 N 14 Two years after his retirement LeMond was inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in a ceremony at Rodale Park in Trexlertown Pennsylvania The event was held on June 8 1996 during the U S Olympic Cycling Team Trials 122 123 In July 2014 ESPN announced the premiere of a new 30 for 30 film entitled Slaying the Badger The film centers on LeMond and his former teammate Hinault at the 1986 Tour de France It is based on the book of the same name by Richard Moore and it premiered July 22 2014 on ESPN 124 A 2022 documentary entitled The Last Rider directed by Alex Holmes for New Black Films features Lemond and wife Kathy and details Lemond s life and career 125 Business interests edit nbsp LeMond riding on a carbon fiber bicycle in the 1991 Tour de France LeMond was a pioneer in the use of carbon fiber bicycle frames in European professional road cycling and his Tour de France win in 1986 ahead of Bernard Hinault was the first for a carbon framed bicycle 126 Ironically given the rivalry that existed at the time between the American and his French teammate LeMond rode a Bernard Hinault Signature Model Look prototype that year 127 LeMond also won the 1989 Tour de France the 1989 World Championship and his final Tour de France in 1990 on carbon fiber frames 128 These bicycle frames featured Greg LeMond branding LeMond Cycles edit Main article LeMond Racing Cycles In 1990 LeMond founded LeMond Bicycles to develop machines for himself that would also be marketed and sold to the public The following year searching for an equipment edge for Team Z at the 1991 Tour de France LeMond concluded an exclusive licensing agreement between his company and Carbonframes Inc to access the latter s advanced composites technology 129 Whilst using the bikes for the 1991 Tour he would maintain his carbon bike in his hotel room leading his mechanics to fear it had been stolen 130 While LeMond briefly led the 1991 Tour overall riding his Carbonframes produced Greg LeMond bicycle the company eventually faltered something LeMond blamed on under capitalization and poor management by his father 131 Carbonframes and LeMond Cycles parted amiably two years later 132 In 1995 with his company allegedly nearly bankrupt LeMond reached a licensing agreement with Trek Bicycle Corporation according to which the Wisconsin based company would manufacture and distribute bicycles designed with LeMond that would be sold under the LeMond Bicycles brand 133 LeMond would later claim that going into business with Trek destroyed his relationship with his father 131 The lucrative partnership which generated revenue for Trek in excess of US 100 000 000 would be renewed several times over the course of 13 years but it ultimately ended in acrimony after LeMond s relationship with Trek deteriorated over his staunch anti doping advocacy 134 LeMond found himself at odds with Trek in July 2001 after he expressed public concern over the relationship between Italian doping doctor Michele Ferrari and Trek s star athlete Lance Armstrong 135 136 137 138 139 Trek president John Burke pressured LeMond to apologize claiming Greg s public comments hurt the LeMond brand and the Trek brand 133 140 Burke allegedly justified his demand for an apology by advising that As a contractual partner he LeMond could criticize doping only generally not point his finger at specific athletes particularly one that happens to be the company s main cash cow 134 Armstrong reportedly said privately he could shut him up by contacting Trek as documented in affidavits by Frankie and Betsy Andreu released in the 2012 USADA doping report 141 142 LeMond issued an apology for his comment 143 In a 2007 interview LeMond accused Armstrong of trying to sabotage his relationship with Trek bicycles 131 In March 2008 LeMond Cycling Inc sued Trek for failing to properly promote and distribute the LeMond brand and for attempting to silence LeMond s public comments about doping attributing this to the influence of Armstrong on Trek 144 His complaint included statistics detailing slow sales in some markets including the fact that between September 2001 and June 2007 Trek only sold 10 393 worth of LeMond bikes in France a country in which LeMond was both famous and popular 134 Trek responded in April 2008 announcing that it was dropping LeMond Bicycles from its product line and that it would sue to sever the licensing agreement 145 134 nbsp LeMond left at the 2010 Interbike trade show As promised Trek counter sued and stopped producing bicycles under the LeMond brand 133 After nearly two years of litigation LeMond reached a confidential out of court settlement with Trek in February 2010 146 The settlement permitted the case to be dismissed with prejudice meaning neither side can produce the same claims against one another in a future lawsuit 146 Although settlement terms were not disclosed LeMond reportedly obtained full control over the LeMond Bicycles name while Trek made a donation of US 200 000 to the charity 1in6 of which LeMond was a founding member of the board of directors 147 148 LeMond Fitness Revolution edit In 2002 LeMond Bernie Boglioli and others founded LeMond Fitness Inc to help individuals achieve their fitness and performance goals and train more effectively 149 The company s primary business is the development and manufacture of bicycle trainers and indoor exercise bikes for consumers in the United States and internationally 150 LeMond serves as chairman of the board 151 In 2012 Hoist Fitness negotiated to purchase an interest in the company and announced plans to move its headquarters to Hoist s offices in San Diego California In late 2012 LeMond purchased the LeMond Revolution from Hoist relaunching with a new management team in Minneapolis Later he also formed LeMond LLC to introduce a suite of brands Professional cycling s Garmin Sharp team renewed its sponsorship with LeMond to use its Revolution trainers for another three seasons The team won several stages of the Tour de France plus the general classification of the 2012 Giro d Italia 152 Partnership with Time edit At the Interbike trade show in September 2013 LeMond announced that he was returning to the business of bicycle manufacture and sales by partnering with French company Time The new line began with a series of commemorative designed bicycles to be followed with road cyclocross and gravel road models LeMond purchased Time Sport USA the US distributor for the company Said LeMond I m really excited to be back in the bike industry 153 Real estate edit In 2002 LeMond joined his parents in law David and Sacia Morris friend Michael Snow and J P Morgan amp Co fund manager Jorge Jasson to invest in the exclusive Yellowstone Club a Big Sky Montana private ski and golf community founded by timber baron Tim Blixseth and his wife Edra 4 Each of the five partners paid Blixseth 750 000 for one percent shares in the exclusive resort LeMond also purchased several building lots and maintained a property at the resort Four years later LeMond and partners sued Blixseth in 2006 following reports of a Credit Suisse loan to the resort of 375 million from which Blixseth reportedly took 209 million in a disputed partial payout for his ownership stake The Credit Suisse loan was based on a 1 16 billion Cushman amp Wakefield valuation of the resort for which LeMond and partners each sought 11 6 million for their one percent shares 154 In 2007 LeMond settled his suit with the Blixseths for 39 million 155 However he and his partners remained creditors as the Blixseths defaulted on a 20 million payment after having already paid the group 18 million 156 In 2009 the Blixseths divorced and the Club went bankrupt 157 Restaurants edit LeMond became a restaurateur in August 1990 when in partnership with his wife and her parents he opened Scott Kee s Tour de France on France Avenue in the Minneapolis suburb of Edina Minnesota 158 159 LeMond described the restaurant which was named for its chef LeMond s brother in law as a dream of five years come true Explaining the origin of the concept LeMond said Kathy and I have eaten at the finest establishments in France Italy and Belgium Our favorites have always been small places family owned 160 LeMond also partnered in several Bruegger s bagel bakery cafe franchises 122 123 LeMond Composites edit LeMond founded LeMond Composites in 2016 to manufacture high volume low cost carbon fiber composites under a licensing agreement with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and an exclusive 20 year licensing agreement with Deakin University 161 162 163 In 2017 LeMond and his family moved from Minnesota to Oak Ridge Tennessee to be close to the 125 million LeMond Composites manufacturing facility 164 On October 16 2017 Australian politician Sarah Henderson announced that LeMond Composites would receive AU 2 5 million US 1 88 million in Australian Federal Government funding to establish a carbon fiber manufacturing plant in Geelong Australia 165 Broadcasting editIn 2014 LeMond joined Eurosport as a pundit for the channel s cycling coverage providing analysis at Paris Roubaix the Giro d Italia and the Tour de France and hosting his own monthly program LeMond on Cycling 166 He continued to work for the channel until 2017 167 Anti doping stance and controversies editMain article Greg LeMond anti doping stance and controversies nbsp LeMond addresses the Play the Game 2009 conference LeMond is a longtime vocal opponent of performance enhancing drug use He first spoke on record against doping in cycling after winning the 1989 Tour de France 168 He has consistently questioned the relationship between riders and unethical sports doctors 169 and has pointed out that doping products ultimately victimize the professional cyclists who make use of them 170 Said LeMond When I speak out about doping people could translate it and think it was about the riders Actually I feel like I am an advocate for the riders I look at them as being treated like lab rats that are test vehicles for the doctors The doctors the management the officials they re the ones that have corrupted riders The riders are the only ones that pay the price 170 In 2001 LeMond received intense criticism when he publicly criticized Lance Armstrong s relationship with Dr Michele Ferrari 171 172 173 Ferrari is an Italian physician and sports trainer who admitted to practicing blood doping and advocated the controlled use of the banned substance erythropoietin by athletes 136 137 138 139 Upon learning of Armstrong s association with Ferrari LeMond said When Lance won the prologue to the 1999 Tour I was close to tears but when I heard he was working with Michele Ferrari I was devastated In the light of Lance s relationship with Ferrari I just don t want to comment on this year s Tour This is not sour grapes I m disappointed in Lance that s all it is 135 LeMond s comments placed him in the center of an anti doping controversy 174 About a month later following pressure from both Armstrong and Trek 133 140 134 141 142 LeMond issued an apology for his comment he called Armstrong a great champion and added I do not believe in any way that he has ever used any performance enhancing substances I believe his performances are the result of the same hard work dedication and focus that were mine 10 years ago 143 In 2004 LeMond spoke out again On the heels of successive Tour de France wins by Armstrong LeMond said If Armstrong s clean it s the greatest comeback And if he s not then it s the greatest fraud LeMond went public with the fallout of his 2001 statement alleging that Armstrong had threatened to defame him and threatened his business interests as well Armstrong basically said I could find 10 people that will say you took EPO The week after I got multiple people that were on Lance Lance s camp basically saying You better be quiet and I was quiet for three years I have a business I have bikes that are sold and I was told that my sales might not be doing too well if just the publicity the negative publicity 175 The same month LeMond told French newspaper Le Monde that Armstrong was ready to do anything to keep his secret I don t know how he can continue to convince everybody of his innocence 176 At a press conference Armstrong gave in September 2008 to announce his return to cycling LeMond publicly challenged him with questions about doping Armstrong appeared angry and interrupted LeMond telling him it was time to move on 177 In August 2012 the USADA announced that Armstrong had been issued a lifetime ban from cycling competition due to his involvement in a massive doping scheme 178 In addition the USADA stripped Armstrong of his seven Tour de France titles 179 LeMond has also clashed with fellow Tour rider Floyd Landis regarding the doping issue 180 181 182 On May 17 2007 LeMond testified at a USADA hearing convened to weigh the evidence of doping by Landis during the 2006 Tour de France Under oath LeMond described a phone conversation he had with Landis on August 6 2006 as well as another with Landis business manager Will Geoghegan on May 16 2007 the evening before LeMond appeared to testify The major points of the testimony were In the August 6 conversation LeMond said he told Landis that If you did admit to having used banned substances you could single handedly change the sport You could be the one who will salvage the sport LeMond said Landis responded by saying What good would it do If I did it would destroy a lot of my friends and hurt a lot of people 183 In their conversation LeMond had disclosed his history of childhood sexual abuse to Landis and said the secret had nearly destroyed him LeMond stated he warned Landis Lying about doping will come back to haunt you when you are 40 or 50 If you have a moral compass and ethics this will destroy you 183 Will Geoghegan attempted to stop LeMond s testimony by calling LeMond on his mobile phone LeMond reported that Geoghegan claimed he was his uncle and intimated that he would appear at the hearing and expose the fact that LeMond was a survivor of child sex abuse 184 LeMond s BlackBerry with Geoghegan s phone number captured in the call log was entered into evidence 183 In 2007 Landis was found guilty of doping and was banned from cycling for two years 185 In 2010 he admitted to having been involved in doping 186 Also in 2010 Landis apologized to LeMond for the events of 2007 187 188 On July 23 2009 LeMond wrote an opinion article 189 in the French newspaper Le Monde where he questioned the validity of Alberto Contador s climb up Verbier in the 2009 Tour de France In the piece LeMond pointed out that Contador s calculated VO2 max of 99 5 mL kg min had never been achieved by any athlete 190 191 Said LeMond The burden is then on Alberto Contador to prove he is physically capable of performing this feat without the use of performance enhancing products 192 Contador tested positive for clenbuterol after winning the 2010 Tour and was later stripped of his title and suspended from cycling for two years 193 LeMond has criticized the UCI and its former president Pat McQuaid 194 In December 2012 LeMond claimed that a change needed to be made in the leadership for the UCI and stated if called upon he would be willing to take the position himself if necessary to lead cycling out of the mire of doping Said LeMond It is now or never to act After the earthquake caused by the Armstrong case another chance will not arise I am willing to invest to make this institution more democratic transparent and look for the best candidate in the longer term 195 McQuaid rejected LeMond s call for new leadership and was dismissive of LeMond 196 Ultimately McQuaid was defeated in his bid for a third term by British Cycling president Brian Cookson at the September 2013 UCI Congress in Florence Italy 197 Lemond had supported Cookson in the UCI Presidential battle 198 nbsp LeMond at Carrefour de l Arbre near Roubaix April 2015Personal life editLeMond is married to Kathy nee Morris and together they have three children sons Geoffrey and Scott and daughter Simone 199 200 LeMond and his wife lived in Medina Minnesota from 1990 until 2017 and then moved to Oak Ridge Tennessee 164 Since his retirement LeMond has become increasingly involved in philanthropic efforts relating to causes that have affected him personally including ADHD and sexual abuse 140 He is Catholic 201 LeMond is an avid outdoor enthusiast and fly angler 140 202 and in 1991 while still racing full time he made the world record fly fishing catch of a four pound smallmouth bass on a reel with a four pound tippet The record was certified by the National Freshwater Fishing Hall of Fame in Hayward Wisconsin The catch exceeded the then previous record of three pounds six ounces made on the same size tippet back in 1986 203 LeMond confessed I always pack my fly fishing equipment when I travel to bike events I fish every chance I get 203 After retiring from pro cycling LeMond competed in Formula Ford 2000 series auto racing 44 204 He is also a motivational speaker LeMond narrated an award winning documentary for Adventures for the Cure in 2008 On July 16 2007 LeMond rode the L Etape du Tour cyclosportive with his son and found it to be a defining moment in his post competition life I had the time of my life he said despite getting 650th place and being impressed that I even finished LeMond continued I decided that day that nobody s going to keep me from cycling not Trek not Armstrong not Verbruggen not anybody 170 At the time LeMond was alluding to a series of public and private disputes related to his anti doping advocacy that hampered his enjoyment of cycling Especially significant was LeMond s appearance as a USADA witness in the Floyd Landis doping case 205 At that time Landis s business manager threatened to expose the fact that LeMond was a survivor of child sex abuse 206 I wanted to be seen as a good person and never wanted to let people down but I found it hard to handle the fame or adulation I didn t feel worthy of it I was ashamed by who I thought I was because I felt partly responsible for the abuse and I was never able to enjoy the stuff I should have been able to enjoy My first thought when I won the Tour was My God I m going to be famous and then I thought He s going to call I was always waiting for that phone call I lived in fear that anyone would ever find out Greg LeMond explaining how he felt about the fame he acquired 140 Several weeks later LeMond and his wife Kathy gave an extensive interview to Paul Kimmage of The Sunday Times LeMond provided additional details concerning the circumstances of his 2001 apology to Armstrong stating that Trek the longtime manufacturer and distributor of LeMond Racing Cycles had threatened to end the relationship at the behest of Armstrong if he did not apologize He described the two years following the apology as the worst in his life marked by self destructive behavior ultimately that behavior led LeMond to tell his wife that he was a survivor of child sex abuse and to seek help in addressing that past trauma LeMond described how being a victim of molestation had impacted his life and his racing career 140 In September 2007 LeMond became a founding board member of the non profit organization 1in6 org whose mission is to help men who have had unwanted or abusive sexual experiences in childhood live healthy happy lives 207 208 209 210 211 LeMond was in a car accident on the morning of January 30 2013 He was driving through wintery and icy conditions to his dentist in Wayzata Minnesota when he lost control of his car LeMond suffered a concussion and was left with no memory of the incident 212 According to Associated Press a Plymouth police report says LeMond left the road hit a fence and shrubs and then hit an embankment before ending up in the backyard of a home 213 LeMond may have lost consciousness before the accident according to his wife Kathy and he suffered a compression fracture in his back and would have to wear a brace for three months 214 The accident curtailed LeMond s public appearances in the first half of 2013 but he made a full recovery On September 19 2019 the United States House of Representatives passed a bipartisan bill submitted by California Representative Mike Thompson to award LeMond the Congressional Gold Medal 215 The bill was approved by Congress on November 16 2020 and signed by president Donald Trump on December 4 2020 Upon signature of the bill the White House released a statement saying the medal was awarded to LeMond in recognition of his service to the Nation as an athlete activist role model and community leader 216 In June 2022 LeMond was diagnosed with non life threatening leukemia 217 218 Career achievements editMajor results edit 1977 1st nbsp Road race National Junior Road Championships 1978 1st nbsp Overall Vuelta de Bisbee 2nd Road race National Junior Road Championships 3rd nbsp Team time trial UCI Junior Road World Championships 1979 1st nbsp Road race UCI Junior Road World Championships 1st nbsp Road race National Junior Road Championships 1st Nevada City Classic 2nd nbsp Track pursuit UCI Junior Track World Championships 3rd nbsp Team time trial UCI Junior Road World Championships 1980 1st nbsp Overall Circuit de la Sarthe 1st Nevada City Classic 3rd Overall Circuit des Ardennes 1981 1st nbsp Overall Coors Classic1st Stages 1 amp 7 dd Tour de Picardie1st Stages 2 amp 2a dd 1st Nevada City Classic 3rd Overall Criterium du Dauphine Libere 3rd Overall Route du Sud 7th Overall Circuit de la Sarthe 1982 1st nbsp Overall Tour de l Avenir1st Stages 4 ITT 5 amp 8 ITT dd 2nd nbsp Road race UCI Road World Championships 2nd Overall Tour Mediterraneen 3rd Overall Tirreno Adriatico1st Stage 3 dd 3rd Overall Tour de Corse 3rd Grand Prix de Rennes 1983 1st nbsp Road race UCI Road World Championships 1st nbsp Overall Criterium du Dauphine Libere1st Stages 1 5 amp 7b ITT dd 1st Overall Super Prestige Pernod International 1st Criterium des As 1st Stage 1 Tour Mediterraneen 2nd Grand Prix des Nations 2nd Giro di Lombardia 4th Overall Tour de Suisse 4th Paris Tours 6th Druivenkoers Overijse 10th Overall Tirreno Adriatico 1984 1st Stage 1 Clasico RCN 3rd Overall Tour de France1st nbsp Young rider classification 1st Stage 3 TTT dd 3rd Overall Criterium du Dauphine Libere1st Stage 7b dd 3rd Liege Bastogne Liege 5th Overall Tirreno Adriatico 7th Overall Ronde van Nederland 8th Overall Criterium International 9th Gent Wevelgem 1985 1st nbsp Overall Coors Classic1st Stage 5 dd 2nd Overall Tour de France1st nbsp Combination classification 1st Stages 3 TTT amp 21 ITT dd 2nd nbsp Road race UCI Road World Championships 2nd Overall Tour of the Basque Country 3rd Overall Giro d Italia 3rd Super Prestige Pernod International 4th Overall Criterium International 4th Paris Roubaix 4th Omloop Het Volk 6th Overall Tour Mediterraneen 7th Tour of Flanders 7th Grand Prix Eddy Merckx 1986 1st nbsp Overall Tour de France1st nbsp Combination classification 1st Stage 13 dd 1st Stage 4 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana 2nd Milan San Remo 2nd Super Prestige Pernod International 2nd Overall Coors Classic1st Stage 4a dd 3rd Overall Paris Nice 3rd Overall Tour de Suisse 3rd Overall Criterium International 4th Overall Giro d Italia1st Stage 5 dd 4th La Fleche Wallonne 4th Zuri Metzgete 7th Overall Etoile de Besseges 7th Road race UCI Road World Championships 1989 1st nbsp Road race UCI Road World Championships 1st nbsp Overall Tour de France1st Stages 5 ITT 19 amp 21 ITT dd 2nd Boucles de l Aulne 4th Overall Criterium International 4th Grand Prix des Ameriques 6th Overall Tirreno Adriatico 1990 1st nbsp Overall Tour de France 2nd Zuri Metzgete 3rd Boucles de l Aulne 4th Road race UCI Road World Championships 10th Overall Tour de Suisse 1991 7th Overall Tour de FranceHeld nbsp after Stage 1 amp 8 11 Held nbsp after Stages 1 amp 2 dd 1992 1st nbsp Overall Tour DuPont1st Prologue dd 2nd Overall Tour d Armorique 9th Paris Roubaix Grand Tour general classification results timeline edit Race 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 nbsp Vuelta a Espana DNF nbsp Giro d Italia 3 4 DNF 39 105 DNF DNF nbsp Tour de France 3 2 1 1 1 7 DNF DNF Classics results timeline edit Monument 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 Milan San Remo 17 30 2 22 140 Tour of Flanders 15 7 11 30 63 25 Paris Roubaix 4 30 55 9 Liege Bastogne Liege 78 3 17 14 Giro di Lombardia 2 World Championships 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 nbsp UCI World Championships 47 2 1 27 2 7 1 4 DNF Legend Did not compete DNF Did not finish Awards edit Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year 1989 Jesse Owens International Trophy 1991 219 Korbel Lifetime Achievement Award 1992 219 See also edit nbsp Biography portal nbsp Sports portal nbsp United States portal Yellow jersey statistics List of companies named after people List of French Americans List of Grand Tour general classification winners List of multi sport athletes List of people from Minnesota List of sports rivalries List of Tour de France general classification winners List of Tour de France secondary classification winners United States at the UCI Road World ChampionshipsReferences editNotes edit Quote Fuoriclasse means much more than being gifted In cycling it is someone who has a slow pulse large lungs perfectly proportioned limbs lean muscles and above all the brain and mindset to utilize all those attributes to win the world s toughest races at the youngest possible age 13 Quote LeMond After the 1980 world championship Jock had himself declared national champion because he was the best placed American in the world championships The whole year he got to race in a star spangled jersey just like the American flag as national champion I had made it clear before going to Prague that I was not going to race the world championship as the national championship and have myself competing against other Americans instead of us all working together The Dutch team didn t enter the race riding against each other to see who would become national champion That s the spirit I wanted US team officials called for a vote Two riders sided with Boyer two with LeMond An official cast the deciding vote in favor of deciding the national champion as the highest placed American finisher at the world championship race Said LeMond Fine but you race without me If you want me to race I m racing for the world championship 33 Said Stephen Roche Greg was getting orders to attack me and not to ride The main order was not to ride That was frustrating I think he felt he was stronger than me and if he knew he had a better chance of beating me at the finish and in the time trial than why not ride If we d ridden at that point I think we d have finished first and second in that Tour Of course the team car was playing it down for Hinault He was further back than they were letting on They knew if we worked together Hinault wouldn t get back on and LeMond would have won They were looking after French interests 42 The term dutiful lieutenant is a cycling term for a teammate who sacrifices his own placing in a race to support his team leader In a pre race story featured in L Equipe Hinault stressed it is not Hinault but the race that will decide the outcome saying The strongest rider will win 50 Said LeMond His attitude seemed to be We ll see after the first time trial We ll let that decide who is leading the team which was not the deal we cut 49 Said Hampsten about the first climb of Stage 12 It was superhot and early on Hinault was working really hard to drive a group clear and I thought That s a little weird There was a long way to go I asked Greg Why s Hinault doing this Did he talk to you And Greg said No He had no idea why Hinault was riding so hard it was like he was on a mission 54 Said Hampsten It s the only time I ever chased a teammate in my life It felt weird I felt sick doing it I m chasing my hero who also happens to be my teammate but you know what I m thinking This isn t cool Greg has the jersey I knew it was the right thing to do I was pissed sick of the whole situation Steve and I needed to support Greg 58 Quote Fignon On the evening after I won the Giro Guimard came to have a word with me All I was thinking about was celebrating my triumph Guimard was already concerned about July and looked me straight in the eyes LeMond will be up there at the Tour I could not hide my amazement 75 General classification tracks overall times for bicycle riders in multi stage bicycle races Each stage will have a stage winner but the overall winner of the race is the rider with the lowest time in the GC That is the rider who has the fastest time when all the stage results are added together 78 Zabriskie eventually admitted to doping throughout his career including the period in question 90 Quote LeMond I know about training I wrote a book about training But I got away from what I used to do I was doing cross country skiing and easy riding in the winter and I m starting to go in the opposite way now working on my power lifting weights with my legs working on increasing my oxygen consumption I m watching my weight I need to build my power and strength up as high as I can and then worry about my endurance Endurance is the easiest aspect to build up What I m doing now is the opposite of what I ve been doing always working on my endurance Except in 1989 when I did a lot of power training in the winter and that year I had great results as early as February I m not going to rush I m going to build up slowly that s my goal to really have a good base so that when I start racing hard in February March and April my body doesn t get tired from it and I get better Which hasn t been the case the last couple of years 113 Mitochondrial myopathy is a rare condition in which the body s cellular energy system breaks down 117 Quote Interviewer Barring your hunting accident do you feel like your were capable of joining the ranks of riders like Hinualt and Indurain Do you feel that you could have won five Tours LeMond Well look at the facts I have three Tour victories I gave away the 85 Tour I was out because of an accident during the two prime years of my career 87 and 88 which were two of the easiest years to win the Tour in that period I mean if you re in the thick of racing you understand the hierarchy During those two years Hinault was out Fignon was out Put it this way in 89 and 90 I only feel like I raced to 90 to 95 percent of my potential In 86 I was much stronger climbed much faster much better time trialist When we would do the time trials Hinault and I would finish two to three minutes up on most people And you have to remember that in cycling every year you make minute improvements In 86 I wasn t out of the top five stage races from February to September Of course you can t rewrite racing history but I m confident that I would have won five Tours 44 Citations edit Moore 2012 p 67 Andrews 2016 p 252 a b Walsh Matt A Meeting of Minds PDF Cycle Sport Archived from the original PDF on November 16 2012 Retrieved December 10 2012 a b That s Tim as in timber Denver Westword News January 12 1994 Archived from the original on April 26 2010 Retrieved April 26 2011 Krajewski Jim House votes to award Congressional Gold Medal to cycling great Greg LeMond Reno Gazette Journal Moore 2012 p 54 a b Ottum Bob September 3 1984 Climbing Clear Up To The Heights Sports Illustrated Time Inc p 2 Archived from the original on August 12 2014 Retrieved August 24 2014 Kimmage Paul July 1 2007 Greg LeMond Interview Paul Kimmage cyclingforums com Archived from the original on January 31 2015 Retrieved January 31 2015 LeMond Greg Hom Mark A cycling legend and a doctor share stories of struggle and inspiration and how science illuminated a path to recovery Archived from the original on January 26 2015 Retrieved January 31 2015 Must hear Greg LeMond speaks out in wide ranging interview VeloNews October 6 2012 Archived from the original on February 17 2015 Retrieved January 31 2015 Moore 2012 p 55 LeMond amp Gordis 1987 p 16 a b c d Wilcockson John September 23 2005 Inside Cycling with John Wilcockson The exceptionally gifted LeMond VeloNews Competitor Group Inc Archived from the original on February 26 2015 Retrieved December 24 2012 a b LeMond amp Gordis 1987 p 20 Nye 1988 LeMond amp Gordis 1987 p 22 a b c Cycling Legend Gearing Up 70 s 80 s GregLeMond com Archived from the original on August 2 2012 a b LeMond amp Gordis 1987 p 24 Circuit des Ardennes 1980 Cyclingarchvies com Archived from 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33 Blumenthal p 35 Moore 2012 pp 67 69 Moore 2012 p 69 Blumenthal p 31 Cycling Legend Europe Pro World Championship GregLeMond com Archived from the original on August 2 2012 McGann amp McGann 2008 p 146 Farrand Stephen August 31 2010 LeMond Remembers Fignon Cycling News Archived from the original on November 3 2012 Retrieved December 1 2012 Moore 2012 p 132 McGann amp McGann 2008 p 153 a b c d McGann amp McGann 2008 p 161 Moore 2012 p 148 a b Moore 2012 p 149 Cycling Legend Controversy Feud 1985 GregLeMond com Archived from the original on August 2 2012 a b c d Malessa Bryan 1998 Once Was King An interview with Greg LeMond Roble Systems Inc Archived from the original on January 18 2013 Retrieved December 15 2012 a b Swift E M August 4 1986 An American Takes Paris Sports Illustrated Time Inc p 1 Archived from the original on September 19 2013 Retrieved June 6 2013 a b David Chauner September 2 1985 Dutch cyclist Edges Lemond The New York Times Archived from the original on October 18 2020 Retrieved October 17 2020 1985 UCI World Championship Road Race Bikeraceinfo com October 17 2020 Archived from the original on October 20 2020 Retrieved October 17 2020 Boyce Barry October 2005 Top 25 All Time Tours 19 1986 LeMond Wins After Hinault s Betrayal CyclingRevealed Archived from the original on May 6 2015 Retrieved June 6 2013 a b Moore 2012 p 192 Moore 2012 p 181 McGann amp McGann 2008 p 165 McGann Bill McGann Carol 1986 Tour De France Bike Race Info Dog Ear Publishing Archived from the original on June 3 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 Moore 2012 pp 202 203 Moore 2012 p 201 Trip Gabriel October 9 1986 Tour De Force Rolling Stone Magazine p 82 Tour de France LeMond Takes Lead Yellow Jersey Los Angeles Times Serre Chevalier France Reuters July 21 1986 Archived from the original on December 21 2013 Retrieved June 6 2013 a b Swift E M August 4 1986 An American Takes Paris Sports Illustrated p 2 Archived from the original on September 19 2013 Retrieved June 6 2013 a b Moore 2012 p 252 Ligget Phil and Paul Sherwen Narrators Rodney Taylor Producer 1986 1986 Tour De France Video DVD World Cycling Productions Gallagher Brendan June 22 2011 Bernard Hinault and Greg LeMond s classic 1986 Tour de France duel relived in Slaying the Badger The Daily Telegraph London Archived from the original on May 15 2014 Retrieved June 6 2013 Liggett Phil Narrator and Kent Gordis Producer 1989 1989 World Championships Video DVD World Cycling Productions a b c LeMond Greg Cycling Legend The Blast Greg LeMond Archived from the original on August 2 2012 Retrieved November 30 2012 LeMond shot in back while hunting Gettysburg Times Sacramento California Associated Press April 21 1987 p 14 Archived from the original on March 12 2016 Retrieved November 30 2012 LeMond Accidentally Shot While Hunting Schenectady Gazette April 21 1987 p 27 Archived from the original on March 12 2016 Retrieved November 30 2012 SCOUTING LeMond Shot The New York Times April 21 1987 Archived from the original on December 19 2013 Retrieved November 29 2012 LeMond Accidentally Shot While Hunting Schenectady Gazette Sacramento California April 21 1987 p 27 Archived from the original on March 12 2016 Retrieved November 29 2012 Cyclist LeMond Stable After Hunting Accident SunSentinel United Press International April 21 1987 Archived from the original on June 15 2013 Retrieved December 18 2012 Abt 1990 p 113 a b c d e f g h E M Swift December 25 1989 Le Grand LeMond Sports Illustrated Archived from the original on July 4 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 Robin Williams interview 2000 https www youtube com watch v BgRpP Sitk0 Archived May 12 2016 at the Wayback Machine Robb Sharon October 28 1987 Lemond Slowly Working Way Back The Sun Sentinel Archived from the original on June 15 2013 Retrieved December 18 2012 Boyce Barry June 18 1989 Coors Light Fired the Silver Bullet CyclingRevealed Philadelphia Archived from the original on June 2 2013 Retrieved June 6 2013 Abt Samuel August 30 1989 LeMond Outdistancing Pack On the Financial Front Too The New York Times Archived from the original on December 27 2013 Retrieved January 3 2013 a b McGann Bill McGann Carol 1989 Giro d Italia Bike Race Info Dog Ear Publishing Archived from the original on December 20 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 Fignon p 209 a b c Franz Lidz July 31 1989 Vive Lemond Sports Illustrated Time Inc Archived from the original on September 19 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 Cycling Hall of Fame Greg LeMond Archived from the original on September 27 2011 Retrieved October 15 2011 Jonathan Simmons July 2 2010 On Biking some bike slang for beginners Boston com 2012 NY Times Co Archived from the original on November 5 2013 Retrieved October 17 2012 a b McGann Bill McGann Carol 1989 Tour De France Bike Race Info Dog Ear Publishing Archived from the original on June 3 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 McGann amp McGann 2008 p 187 McGann amp McGann 2008 p 189 30 Greatest Moments of the Tour de France Bicycling com Archived from the original on September 5 2011 Retrieved October 5 2011 a b McGann amp McGann 2008 p 89 MacLeary John June 20 2010 Tour de France great moments Greg LeMond beats Laurent Fignon by eight seconds The Daily Telegraph London Archived from the original on January 4 2014 Retrieved January 4 2013 Tour de France legends Greg LeMond ITV com Archived from the original on April 5 2013 Retrieved January 4 2013 Le Tour en Chiffres Statistics LeTour fr Archived from the original on October 19 2012 Retrieved October 8 2011 Birnie Lionel July 22 2011 The closest Tours in history Cycling Weekly Archived from the original on September 27 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 Le Tour en chiffres Les autres records PDF in French LeTour fr Archived from the original PDF on March 20 2009 Retrieved February 4 2009 The film of the stage From One American To Another LeTour fr Archived from the original on June 5 2011 Retrieved October 5 2011 Affidavit of David Zabriskie September 4 2012 Archived from the original on September 13 2016 Retrieved September 8 2016 Wilcockson John LeMond s dramatic Tour comeback Bicycle Racing in the Modern Era 25 Years of Velonews1997 p 81 Zanca Salvatore July 18 1989 Tour Leader LeMond Likes His Chances Sarasota Herald Tribune Associated Press Archived from the original on March 12 2016 Retrieved May 27 2013 Greg LeMond His World Championships Limburg 2012 UCI Road World Championships Limburg 2012 Colofon August 7 2012 Archived from the original on October 21 2012 Retrieved December 11 2012 McGann Bill McGann Carol World Professional Elite Road Cycling Championship Bike Race Info Dog Ear Publishing Archived from the original on September 21 2013 Retrieved December 11 2012 Championnats du Monde les sports info August 27 1989 Archived from the original on September 26 2012 Retrieved December 12 2012 1989 UCI World Championship Road Race Bikeraceinfo com October 17 2020 Archived from the original on October 18 2020 Retrieved October 17 2020 World Championships Chambery 1989 Prendas William Fotheringham August 28 2019 Archived from the original on October 21 2020 Retrieved October 17 2020 Gordis Kent Producer Phil Liggett Narrator 1989 1989 World Championships video DVD World Cycling Productions a b LeMond Is Honored as Sportsman of Year Los Angeles Times Minneapolis Minnesota December 24 1989 Archived from the original on April 8 2014 Retrieved December 12 2012 Whatever Happened to Greg LeMond Bicycling com Archived from the original on March 25 2015 Retrieved December 1 2016 Roi Fmk June 20 2011 LeMond The Incredible Comeback by Samuel Abt Podium Cafe Archived from the original on November 7 2012 Retrieved December 11 2012 After the storm An exclusive interview with Greg LeMond September 28 2014 Archived from the original on September 28 2014 Retrieved November 8 2021 Z 1990 Team Information Archived from the original on November 12 2014 Retrieved June 6 2013 a b McGann Bill McGann Carol 1990 Tour de France Bike Race Info Dog Ear Publishing Archived from the original on April 1 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 Abt Samuel July 15 1990 LeMond Breaks Free to Close Gap The New York Times Archived from the original on February 1 2017 Retrieved February 8 2017 McGann amp McGann 2008 p 196 Jacques Augendre 2012 Tour de France Guide Historique PDF Amaury Sport Organisation Archived from the original PDF on August 4 2012 Retrieved July 12 2012 Raia James September 4 1990 CYCLING LeMond finishes fourth in World USA Today Associated Press p 02 C Archived from the original on January 31 2013 Retrieved December 18 2012 McGann Bill McGann Carol 1991 Tour de France Bike Race Info Dog Ear Publishing Archived from the original on June 3 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 McGann Bill McGann Carol 1992 Tour de France Bike Race Info Dog Ear Publishing Archived from the original on June 3 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 a b LeMond Greg July 2 2010 The art of peaking for the Tour de France Cycling News Archived from the original on May 18 2013 Retrieved December 14 2012 Brunner Steven July 18 1992 CYCLING TOUR DE FRANCE LeMond Doesn t Have the Zip Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on December 31 2013 Retrieved December 14 2012 a b c Abt Samuel November 19 1993 LeMond Begins Uphill Grind Toward 94 The New York Times Archived from the original on August 8 2014 Retrieved December 14 2012 Friebe Daniel January 7 2008 Procycling talks to Greg LeMond ProCycling Archived from the original on April 4 2013 Retrieved December 15 2012 Jesper Bondo Medhus 5 Basic Principles for Cycling Performance Tests training4cyclists com Archived from the original on January 22 2013 Retrieved January 10 2013 Greg LeMond Ending Career Samuel Abt International Herald Tribune December 3 1994 Mitochondrial Myopathies Information Page National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke Archived from the original on June 2 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 Procycling January 2008 appeared December 2007 Ian O Riordon June 6 2009 Even Relentless Fighter Now Sees Cycling as a Lost Cause The Irish Times Archived from the original on October 22 2012 Retrieved November 22 2010 Gifford Bill June 30 2008 Greg LeMond vs The World Men s Journal Men s Journal LLC Archived from the original on January 13 2013 Retrieved December 15 2012 Abt Samuel July 19 1999 LeMond Glances Backward From the Top of Alpe d Huez The New York Times Archived from the original on August 8 2014 Retrieved December 19 2012 a b Wittman Bob Wogenrich Mark June 9 1996 Lemond Inducted Into Hall Of Fame The Morning Call Archived from the original on November 4 2013 Retrieved December 18 2012 a b Stapleton Arnie June 8 1996 LeMond Inducted Into Cycling Hall of Fame Associated Press News Archived from the original on April 13 2014 Retrieved December 18 2012 Slaying the Badger ESPN Films 30 for 30 go com Archived from the original on July 15 2014 Retrieved July 20 2014 Maher Kevin June 23 2023 The Last Rider review a compelling film about the cyclist Greg LeMond The Times Retrieved June 26 2023 CYCLING CONTRIBUTIONS Greg LeMond com Archived from the original on November 5 2012 Retrieved December 10 2012 Snedeker Tucker Carbon Road Bikes Carbon Bicycle Picture Gallery Mountainbikes net Archived from the original on July 30 2012 Retrieved December 18 2012 Bike A Tribute to the World s Greatest Cycling Designers Exclusive extract on cycling legend Greg LeMond bikeradar com Immediate Media Company Ltd October 3 2012 Archived from the original on September 23 2015 Retrieved June 29 2015 1991 LeMond Alpe d Huez calfeedesign com Archived from the original on December 5 2012 Retrieved December 10 2012 In 1991 Carbonframes filled a big purchase order from international cycling champion Greg LeMond who wanted 18 frames for Team Z Carbonframes relocated to Reno after entering an exclusive licensing agreement with LeMond Bicycles Velominati Keepers of the Cog 2013 The Rules The way of the cycling disciple London Sceptre p 136 ISBN 978 1 444 76751 3 a b c Interview in Rouleur Guy Andrews issue five p 26 Our History Calfee Design Archived from the original on December 5 2012 Retrieved December 10 2012 a b c d Frothingham Steve April 8 2008 Trek announces an end to deal with Greg LeMond VeloNews Competitor Group Inc Archived from the original on December 22 2012 Retrieved December 10 2012 a b c d e Vinton Nathaniel September 7 2009 Greg LeMond s lawsuit against Trek is about more than broken promises it s about Lance too New York Daily News NYDailyNews com p 1 Archived from the original on August 15 2011 Retrieved December 10 2012 a b Drugs issue refuses to go away due to winner s Ferrari links Archived March 27 2008 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian Retrieved on August 21 2011 a b Armstrong surprised upset by LeMond s comments CNN Archived from the original on March 31 2009 Retrieved May 4 2010 a b www cyclingnews com news and analysis Archived August 28 2011 at the Wayback Machine Autobus cyclingnews com Retrieved on August 21 2011 a b Paging Doctor Ferrari Archived April 18 2010 at the Wayback Machine Bicycling com Retrieved on August 21 2011 a b www cyclingnews com news and analysis Archived October 21 2013 at the Wayback Machine Autobus cyclingnews com February 13 2002 Retrieved on August 21 2011 a b c d e f Kimmage Paul July 1 2007 Cycle of abuse The Sunday Times Times Newspapers Ltd Archived from the original on May 2 2015 Retrieved March 9 2013 a b Statement of Travis Tygart of the USADA on US Postal Team Archived May 21 2016 at the Wayback Machine USADA v Lance Armstrong Oct 2012 pages 53 54 a b Lance Armstrong and his ties to Trek Archived March 4 2016 at the Wayback Machine Don Walker Milwaukee Journal Sentinel The Business of Sports October 10 2012 a b LeMond clarifies Armstrong criticisms Archived November 5 2012 at the Wayback Machine Cbc Canada August 14 2001 Retrieved on August 21 2011 Complaint LeMond Cycling Inc vs Trek Bicycle Corporation Archived May 16 2008 at the Wayback Machine 2008 3 20 retr 2012 10 13 from trekbikes com TREK TO IMMEDIATELY SEVER RELATIONSHIP WITH GREG LEMOND Archived June 9 2012 at the Wayback Machine Media Release trekbikes com 2008 4 8 retr 2012 10 13 a b Trek and LeMond settle lawsuit VeloNation February 1 2010 Archived from the original on October 19 2012 Retrieved December 10 2012 VeloNation Press October 17 2012 Trek follows suit with other big names drops sponsorship of Lance Armstrong VeloNation Archived from the original on December 10 2012 Retrieved December 10 2012 Vinton Nathaniel February 1 2010 Tour de France legend Greg LeMond Trek Bicycle reach settlement New York Daily News NYDailyNews com p 1 Archived from the original on February 5 2010 Retrieved December 10 2012 LeMond Fitness Names Mark Handfelt as President CEO amp Director PRWEB Archived from the original on November 20 2012 Retrieved November 27 2012 Company Overview of LeMond Fitness Inc Bloomberg Business Week Archived from the original on June 4 2013 Retrieved November 27 2012 LeMond Fitness Inc LeMond Fitness Archived from the original on July 28 2014 Retrieved November 27 2012 Trujillo Anna September 21 2012 Hoist Fitness to Purchase LeMond Fitness Ironcompany com Archived from the original on October 24 2012 Retrieved November 27 2012 Lindsey Joe September 21 2013 LeMond Bikes Return for 2014 Bicycling Archived from the original on February 19 2014 Retrieved March 13 2014 LeMond claims he was swindled on Montana s millionaire mountain Archived September 24 2015 at the Wayback Machine Bloomberg News October 27 2006 Brown Matthew August 15 2008 Greg LeMond s lawsuit with exclusive club settled USA Today Associated Press Archived from the original on October 15 2010 Retrieved November 27 2012 Greg LeMond and family put a lien on a development compound to secure a 20 million debt VeloNews Competitor Group Inc February 22 2008 Archived from the original on July 9 2015 Retrieved May 27 2013 LeMond continues long legal fight with Yellowstone Club Archived October 3 2010 at the Wayback Machine New West November 21 2008 NAMES IN THE NEWS Greg LeMond Opens Restaurant Los Angeles Times August 8 1990 Archived from the original on April 20 2011 Retrieved December 19 2012 Schogol Marc August 15 1990 Pedaling Food Food Watch The Philadelphia Inquirer Archived from the original on March 4 2016 Retrieved December 19 2012 Castro Peter August 20 1990 A New Cycle Chatter People Magazine Archived from the original on May 14 2012 Retrieved December 19 2012 Blackerby Mark October 12 2016 LeMond Composites marks opening in Oak Ridge Knoxville News Sentinel Archived from the original on October 25 2016 Retrieved November 1 2017 Froese Michelle June 27 2017 LeMond partners with Deakin University to increase production of low cost carbon fiber Windpower Engineering amp Development WTWH Media LLC Archived from the original on November 7 2017 Retrieved October 31 2017 Cusick David July 14 2017 LeMond Composites strikes agreement to accelerate commercialization of low cost carbon fiber Oak Ridge Today Archived from the original on October 2 2017 Retrieved October 31 2017 a b Underwood Lynn September 25 2017 Medina mansion on the market for 5M Star Tribune2 Archived from the original on August 15 2020 Retrieved September 15 2020 Tippet Harris October 16 2017 Jobs cash for Geelong s factory future Geelong Advertiser Archived from the original on October 20 2017 Retrieved November 1 2017 Rogers Neal September 25 2014 After the storm An exclusive interview with Greg LeMond VeloNews Archived from the original on September 19 2020 Retrieved November 17 2011 McGrath Andy November 11 2020 Rouleur s top ten features No 10 Greg LeMond On the line Rouleur Archived from the original on November 13 2020 Retrieved November 17 2020 Harvey Randy July 25 1989 Drug Use Said to Concern LeMond Attorney Claims Dutch Team Wanted Cyclist to Try Testosterone Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on January 31 2013 Retrieved December 17 2012 USADA issues lifetime bans to del Moral Ferrari and Marti Cycling Weekly July 10 2012 Archived from the original on May 17 2013 Retrieved June 6 2013 a b c Greg LeMond Cycling is dying through Drugs at Play the Game Conference on YouTube 27 00 and 44 00 Play the Game Conference Coventry University 2009 Jun 12 retr 2012 10 14 Slater Matt November 29 2012 Greg LeMond joins Change Cycling Now to clean up the sport BBC Archived from the original on December 2 2012 Retrieved December 10 2012 Fotheringham William July 29 2001 Drugs issue refuses to go away due to winner s Ferrari links The Guardian Archived from the original on December 23 2013 Retrieved May 5 2013 Two champions Armstrong surprised upset by LeMond s comments Sports Illustrated August 2 2001 Archived from the original on October 25 2012 Retrieved December 11 2012 Magnuson Mike April 30 2010 Whatever Happened to Greg LeMond Bicycling Archived from the original on March 25 2015 Retrieved December 1 2016 professional cycling was teetering on a knife edge over the very issue that had made this great champion this terrific man into a controversial unpopular figure in his own country not because of what he had done but because of what he had said LeMond questions Armstrong s associations Archived January 2 2016 at the Wayback Machine ESPN July 19 2004 Retrieved on August 21 2011 Reporter denies Lance s allegations Archived May 18 2013 at the Wayback Machine ESPN July 17 2004 Retrieved on August 21 2011 Vinton Nathaniel September 25 2008 Greg LeMond and Lance Armstrong clash at news conference New York Daily News Retrieved October 14 2012 Lance Armstrong USADA report labels him a serial cheat BBC October 11 2012 Archived from the original on October 11 2012 Retrieved November 10 2012 Lance Armstrong Receives Lifetime Ban And Disqualification Of Competitive Results For Doping Violations Stemming From His Involvement In The United States Postal Service Pro Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy USADA Usada org August 24 2012 Archived from the original on December 5 2012 Retrieved November 10 2012 Vinton Nathaniel September 25 2008 Greg LeMond and Lane Armstrong clash at news conference New York Daily News Retrieved October 14 2012 Ford Bonnie D May 23 2010 Landis makes amends with LeMond ESPN Archived from the original on May 25 2010 Retrieved August 21 2010 Weislo Laura July 23 2009 Contador s climbing credibility questioned Archived from the original on July 26 2009 Retrieved July 24 2009 a b c Greg LeMond s steals focus in hearing on Floyd Landis Archived February 5 2020 at the Wayback Machine Bendweekly com Retrieved on August 21 2011 Quin T J May 18 2007 Landis aide threatens LeMond New York Daily News Archived from the original on September 18 2020 Retrieved November 14 2019 Arbitrators Find Landis Guilty Of Doping Must Forfeit Tour Title The New York Sun Archived from the original on July 13 2020 Retrieved November 14 2019 Landis admits to doping accuses Lance others ESPN com May 20 2010 Archived from the original on November 22 2019 Retrieved November 14 2019 Cyclist Armstrong Denies Doping Archived November 5 2019 at the Wayback Machine Reed Albergotti Wall Street Journal May 20 2010 Ford Bonnie D May 23 2010 Landis makes amends with LeMond ESPN Archived from the original on May 25 2010 Retrieved June 10 2013 Alberto prove to me that we can believe in you Lemonde fr July 23 2009 Retrieved on August 21 2011 Moore p 58 VO2 to the max Performing a cycling VO2 max test February 13 2009 Archived from the original on July 17 2020 Retrieved November 14 2019 Weislo Laura July 23 2009 Contador s climbing credibility questioned Cycling News Archived from the original on July 26 2009 Retrieved June 10 2013 Alberto Contador found guilty of an anti doping rule violation by the Court of Arbitration for Sport CAS suspension of two years PDF The Court of Arbitration for Sport February 6 2012 Archived from the original PDF on February 26 2012 Retrieved February 13 2011 LeMond Greg October 25 2012 Open Letter to Pat McQuaid from Greg LeMond NYVelocity com Archived from the original on November 22 2012 Retrieved December 11 2012 Seaton Matt December 3 2012 Is Greg LeMond the right choice to challenge for the UCI presidency The Guardian Archived from the original on January 7 2014 Retrieved December 10 2012 Dunbar Graham December 14 2012 UCI President Pat McQuaid says Greg LeMond not fit to run cycling s governing body The Daily Telegraph London Retrieved January 11 2013 Hood Andrew September 27 2013 Cookson wins UCI presidency after Machiavellian drama Archived from the original on January 2 2015 Retrieved January 26 2015 Stokes Shane August 31 2013 Triple Tour de France winner Greg LeMond backs Brian Cookson in UCI Presidential battle Archived from the original on January 24 2015 Retrieved January 27 2015 Cycling legend Greg LeMond comes to Meath Meath Local Sports Partnership September 7 2012 Archived from the original on April 19 2014 Retrieved November 27 2012 Greg LeMond NNDB Soylent Communications Archived from the original on October 20 2012 Retrieved November 27 2012 David Epstein Kathy LeMond says Armstrong embarrassed not truly sorry Sports Illustrated Retrieved September 20 2023 LeMond Greg My Patagonia Argentina Trip Post 1 of 2 GregLeMond com Archived from the original on November 5 2012 Retrieved November 28 2012 a b Woolridge Jim November 10 1991 LeMond makes world record catch in fly fishing The Times News Hendersonville North Carolina pp 8B Archived from the original on March 12 2016 Retrieved November 28 2012 Kantowski Ron May 31 1997 Crashing on the Learning Curve Greg Lemond Trades Two Wheels for Four and Turns into a Real Crack Up St Louis Post Dispatch Retrieved November 27 2012 Sumner Jason May 17 2007 LeMond drops bombshell at Landis hearing VeloNews Archived from the original on January 13 2014 Retrieved December 11 2012 Quin T J May 18 2007 Landis aide threatens LeMond New York Daily News One phone call changed cyclist LeMond s life Los Angeles Times August 18 2009 Archived from the original on September 5 2020 Retrieved November 14 2019 1in6 1in6 org Archived from the original on January 31 2019 Retrieved March 26 2019 Greg LeMond Board Member 1in6 1in6 Inc Archived from the original on August 22 2011 Retrieved November 27 2012 Cycling legend LeMond to lead charity 40k from Trim The Meath Chronicle September 21 2012 Archived from the original on September 24 2012 Retrieved November 27 2012 Cannon John February 3 2010 Cycling legend Greg LeMond to ride in Catoctin Challenge It s like Jack Nicklaus showing up at your golf tournament Frederick News Post Archived from the original on January 23 2013 Retrieved November 27 2012 LeMond recovering from car accident Chicago Tribune Sports Xchange February 1 2013 Archived from the original on July 16 2013 Retrieved May 28 2013 Greg LeMond recovering after crash ESPN Plymouth Minnesota The Associated Press February 1 2013 Archived from the original on February 5 2013 Retrieved May 28 2013 Stokes Shane January 30 2013 Greg LeMond recovering in hospital after car accident VeloNation Archived from the original on June 12 2013 Retrieved May 28 2013 Reid Carlton September 20 2019 Tour De France Winner Greg LeMond To Be Awarded U S Congressional Gold Medal Forbes Archived from the original on September 21 2019 Retrieved September 23 2019 MacMichael Simon December 6 2020 Greg LeMond to receive Congressional Gold Medal after President Trump signs bill into law road cc Archived from the original on December 6 2020 Retrieved December 7 2020 Greg LeMond 3 time Tour de France winner diagnosed with leukemia June 8 2022 OlympicTalk June 6 2022 Greg LeMond diagnosed with non life threatening leukemia OlympicTalk NBC Sports Retrieved June 26 2022 a b Porter 2013 p 211 Bibliography edit Abt Samuel 1990 LeMond The Incredible Comeback New York City Random House ISBN 978 0 394 58476 8 Andrews Guy 2016 Greg Lemond Yellow Jersey Racer London Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN 978 1 4729 4355 2 Fignon Laurent 2010 We Were Young and Carefree Translated by Fotheringham William London Yellow Jersey Press ISBN 978 0 224 08319 5 LeMond Greg Gordis Kent 1987 Greg LeMond s Complete Book of Bicycling New York City Putnam Publishing Group ISBN 978 0 399 13229 2 McGann Bill McGann Carol 2008 The Story of the Tour De France Volume 2 1965 2007 Indianapolis Dog Ear Publishing ISBN 978 1 59858 608 4 Moore Richard 2012 Slaying the Badger Greg LeMond Bernard Hinault and the Greatest Tour de France London Vintage Books ISBN 978 1 4090 2887 1 Nye Peter 1988 Hearts of Lions The History of American Bicycle Racing New York City W W Norton amp Company ISBN 978 0 393 30576 0 Porter David L 2013 Their Greatest Victory 24 Athletes Who Overcame Disease Disability and Injury Jefferson North Carolina McFarland amp Company p 211 ISBN 978 1 4766 0247 9 Bicycle Racing in the Modern Era 25 Years of Velonews Boulder Colorado VeloPress 1997 ISBN 978 1 884737 32 9 Further reading editde Vise Daniel 2018 The Comeback Greg LeMond the True King of American Cycling and a Legendary Tour de France New York Atlantic Monthly Press ISBN 978 0 8021 2794 5 Porter A P 1991 Greg LeMond Premier Cyclist Minneapolis Lerner Publishing Group ISBN 978 0 8225 9584 7 So Adrienne November 2021 Greg LeMond and the amazing candy colored dreambike Wired 29 11 68 77 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Greg LeMond Greg LeMond at Cycling Archives nbsp Greg LeMond at ProCyclingStats nbsp Greg LeMond at CycleBase nbsp Official website LeMond Composites Archived May 31 2020 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Greg LeMond amp oldid 1195534333, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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