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Faiz Ahmad Faiz

March 02, 2023

Faiz Ahmad Faiz MBE NI (13 February 1911 – 20 November 1984;[2] Urdu/Punjabi: فیض احمد فیض) was a Pakistani poet and author of Urdu and Punjabi literature. Faiz was one of the most celebrated, popular, and influential Urdu writers of his time and his works and ideas remain widely influential today in Pakistan and beyond.[3] Outside of literature, he has been described as "a man of wide experience" having worked as a teacher, army officer, journalist, trade unionist, and broadcaster.[4]

Faiz Ahmad Faiz

NI LPP MBE
Native name
فیض احمد فیض
Born(1914-02-13)13 February 1914
Narowal, Sialkot District, Punjab, British India (Present day Punjab, Pakistan)
Died20 November 1984(1984-11-20) (aged 73)
Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Resting placeModel Town Graveyard, Lahore
Occupation
  • Poet
  • journalist
  • army officer
Language
NationalityBritish Indian (1911–1947)
Pakistani (1947 - 1984)
EducationArabic literature (B.A., M.A.)
English literature (M.A.)
Alma mater
Genre
Subject
  • Revolution
  • justice
  • love
Literary movement
Notable worksSubh-e-Azadi
Naqsh-e-Faryadi
Dast-e-Sabah
Zindan-nama
Notable awardsNigar Awards (1953)
Lenin Peace Prize (1962)[1]
HRC Peace Prize
Nishan-e-Imtiaz (1990)[1]
Avicenna Prize (2006)
SpouseAlys Faiz
ChildrenSalima (b. 1942)
Muneeza (b. 1946)
RelativesShoaib Hashmi (Son-in-law)
Signature
Military career
Allegiance British Empire
Service/branch British Indian Army
Years of service1942–1947
RankLieutenant-Colonel
Unit18 Garhwal Rifles
Battles/warsSecond World War
AwardsMember of the Order of the British Empire (MBE, 1945)
Website
https://www.faizfoundationtrust.net/

Born in Sialkot District, Punjab during the British rule, Faiz studied at Government College and Oriental College[5] and went on to serve in the British Indian Army. After the partition of India, Faiz served as editor-in-chief of two major newspapers — the English language daily Pakistan Times and the Urdu daily Imroze.[6][7] He was also leading member of the Communist Party before his arrest and imprisonment in 1951 for his alleged part in a conspiracy to overthrow the Liaquat administration and replace it with a left-wing, pro-Soviet government.[8]

Faiz was released after four years in prison and spent his time in Moscow and London, becoming a notable member of the Progressive Writers' Movement. After the downfall of Ayub Khan's government, and the separation of Bangladesh, he worked as an aide to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, but exiled himself to Beirut after Bhutto's execution at the hands of Zia ul-Haq.[8]

Faiz was a well-known Marxist and is said to have been "a progressive who remained faithful to Marxism."[9] Critics have noted that Faiz took the tenets of Marxism where Muhammad Iqbal had left it, and relayed it to a younger generation of Muslims who were considered more open to change, more receptive to egalitarianism, and had a greater concern for the poor.[10]

Faiz was the first Asian poet to be awarded the Lenin Peace Prize (1962)[11] by the Soviet Union and was also nominated for the Nobel Prize in literature.[12] He was posthumously honoured when the Pakistan Government conferred upon him the nation's highest civil award — the Nishan-e-Imtiaz — in 1990.[12][13]

Personal life

Early life

Faiz Ahmad Faiz was born into a Jat family[14] on 13 February 1911, in Kala Qader[15] (present-day Faiz Nagar), in Sialkot District, Punjab, British India.[16][17] Faiz hailed from an academic family that was well known in literary circles. His home was often the scene of a gathering of local poets and writers who met to promote the literacy movement in his native province.[17] Faiz's father, Sultan Muhammad Khan, was a prominent barrister[16][18] who worked for the British Government and an autodidact who wrote and published the biography of Amir Abdur Rahman, an Emir of Imperial Afghanistan.[17] Khan was the son of a peasant whose ancestors migrated from Afghanistan to British India.[2] Khan worked as a shepherd as a child but was ultimately able to study law at Cambridge University.[2]

Education

Following the South Asian Muslim tradition, Faiz's family directed him to study Islamic studies at the local mosque to be oriented to the basics of religious studies by Maulana Hafiz Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti, an Ahl-i Hadith scholar.[19] Following the Muslim tradition, he learned Arabic, Persian, Urdu, and the Quran.[16][17] Faiz was also a Pakistan nationalist, and often said, "purify your hearts, so you can save the country..."[16] His father later pulled him from Islamic school because Faiz, who went to a madrasa for a few days found that the impoverished children there, were not comfortable having him around and ridiculed him. Faiz came to the madrasa in neat clothes, in a horse-drawn carriage, while the students of the school were from very poor backgrounds and used to sit on the floor on straw mats.[20] Faiz's close friend, Dr. Ayub Mirza, recalls that Faiz came home and told his father he was not going to attend the madrasa anymore. His father then registered him at the Scotch Mission School which was managed and run by a local British family.

Faiz attended Murray College at Sialkot for intermediate studies (11th and 12th grade).[17] In 1926, Faiz enrolled in Department of Languages and Fine Arts of the Government College, Lahore. While there, he was greatly influenced by Shams-ul-Ulema, Professor Mir Hassan who taught Arabic and Professor Pitras Bukhari .[17] Professor Hasan had also taught the renowned philosopher, poet, and politician of South Asia, Dr. Muhammad Iqbal. In 1926, Faiz attained his BA with Honors in Arabic, under the supervision of Professor Mir Hassan. In 1930, Faiz joined the post-graduate program of the Government College, obtaining MA in English literature in 1932 and wrote his master's thesis on the poetry of Robert Browning.[2] The same year, Faiz completed a first-class degree at Punjab University's Oriental College.[17] It was during his college years that he met M. N. Roy and Muzaffar Ahmed who influenced him to become a member of the Communist Party.[16] In addition to Urdu, English, and Arabic, Faiz was also fluent in French and Persian.[21]

Marriage

In 1941, Faiz became involved with Alys Faiz, a British national and a member of Communist Party of the United Kingdom, who was a student at the Government College University where Faiz taught poetry.[22] The marriage ceremony took place in Srinagar while nikah ceremony was performed at Pari Mahal. Faiz and his wife lived in the building that is now Government College for Women, M.A. Road. Faiz’s host, M. D. Taseer, who was serving as the college principal at the time, was later married to Alys's sister, Christobel. Faiz's nikah ceremony was attended by Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad, Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq, and Sheikh Abdullah among others.[23] While Alys opted for Pakistan citizenship, she was a vital member of Communist Party of Pakistan and played a significant role in Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case when she brought together the communist mass. Faiz and his wife have two daughters, Salima Hashmi and Muneeza Hashmi.[22]

Career

Academia

In 1935 Faiz joined the faculty of Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College at Amritsar, serving as a lecturer in English and British literature.[17][24] Later in 1937, Faiz moved to Lahore to reunite with his family after accepting the professorship at the Hailey College of Commerce, initially teaching introductory courses on economics and commerce.[17] In 1936, Faiz joined a literary movement, (PWM) and was appointed its first secretary by his fellow Marxist Sajjad Zaheer.[16] In East and West-Pakistan, the movement gained considerable support in civil society.[16] In 1938, he became editor-in-chief of the monthly Urdu magazine "Adab-e-Latif (lit. Belles Letters) until 1946.[16] In 1941, Faiz published his first literary book "Naqsh-e-Faryadi" (lit. Imprints) and joined the Pakistan Arts Council (PAC) in 1947.[16]

Faiz was a good friend of Soviet poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko who once said "In Faiz's autobiography... is his poetry, the rest is just a footnote".[25] During his lifetime, Faiz published eight books and received accolades for his works.[25] Faiz was a humanist, a lyrical poet, whose popularity reached neighbouring India and Soviet Union.[26][self-published source] Indian biographer Amaresh Datta, compared Faiz as "equal esteem in both East and West".[26] Throughout his life, his revolutionary poetry addressed the tyranny of military dictatorships, tyranny, and oppression. Faiz himself never compromised on his principles despite being threatened by the right-wing parties in Pakistan.[26]

Faiz's writings are comparatively new verse form in Urdu poetry based on Western models.[26] Faiz was influenced by the works of Allama Iqbal and Mirza Ghalib, assimilating modern Urdu with classical.[25] Faiz used more and more demands for the development of socialism in the country, finding socialism the only solution of country's problems.[26] During his life, Faiz was concerned with more broader socialists ideas, using Urdu poetry for the cause and expansion of socialism in the country.[26] Urdu poetry and ghazals influenced Faiz to continue his political themes as non-violent and peaceful, opposing the far right politics in Pakistan.[26] Faiz consistently faced political persecution for his revolutionary views and ideologies[27] and was especially targeted by the religious and conservative press due to his lifelong advocacy for the rights of women and workers.[6]

Military service

On 11 May 1942, Faiz was commissioned in the British Indian Army as a second lieutenant in the 18th Royal Garhwal Rifles.[28][29][17][24] Initially assigned as a public relations officer in the General Staff Branch,[29] Faiz received rapid promotions in succession to acting captain on 18 July 1942, war-substantive lieutenant and temporary captain on 1 November 1942, acting major on 19 November 1943 and to temporary major and war-substantive captain on 19 February 1944.[28] On 30 December 1944, he received a desk assignment as an assistant director of public relations on the staff of the North-Western Army, with the local rank of lieutenant-colonel.[30][24] For his service, he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire, Military Division (MBE) in the 1945 New Year Honours list.[31] Faiz served with a unit led by Akbar Khan, a left-wing officer and future Pakistan Army general. He remained in the army for a short period after the war, receiving promotion to acting lieutenant-colonel in 1945 and to war-substantive major and temporary lieutenant-colonel on 19 February 1946.[32] In 1947, Faiz opted for the newly established State of Pakistan. However, after witnessing the 1947 Kashmir war with India, Faiz decided to leave the army and submitted his resignation in 1947.[24]

Internationalism and communism

Main article: Communism in Pakistan

Faiz believed in Internationalism and emphasised the philosophy of the Global village.[16] In 1947, he became editor of the Pakistan Times and in 1948, he became vice-president of the Pakistan Trade Union Federation (PTUF).[16] In 1950, Faiz joined the delegation of Prime minister Liaquat Ali Khan, initially leading a business delegation in the United States, attending the meeting at the International Labour Organization (ILO) at San Francisco.[16] During 1948–50, Faiz led the PTUF's delegation in Geneva, and became an active member of World Peace Council (WPC).[16]

Faiz was a well-known communist in the country and had been long associated with the Communist Party of Pakistan, which he founded in 1947 along with Marxist Sajjad Zaheer and Jalaludin Abdur Rahim.[33] Faiz had his first exposure to socialism and communism before the independence of State of Pakistan which he thought was consistent with his progressive thinking.[25] Faiz had long associated ties with the Soviet Union, a friendship with atheist country that later honoured him with high award. Even after his death, the Russian government honoured him by calling him "our poet" to many Russians.[25] However his popularity was waned in Bangladesh after 1971 when Dhaka did not win much support for him.[25] Faiz and other pro-communists had no political role in the country, despite their academic brilliance.[33][self-published source]

Although Faiz was a not a hardcore or far-left communist, he spent most of the 1950s and 1960s promoting the cause of communism in Pakistan.[33] During the time when Faiz was editor of the Pakistan Times, one of the leading newspapers of the 1950s, he lent editorial support to the party. He was also involved in the circle lending support to military personnel (e.g. Major General Akbar Khan). His involvement with the party and Major General Akbar Khan's coup plan led to his imprisonment later.

Later in his life, while giving an interview with the local newspaper, Faiz was asked by the interviewer as if he was a communist. He replied with characteristic nonchalance: "No. I am not, a communist is a person who is a card carrying member of the Communist party ever made. The party is banned in our country. So how can I be a communist?...".[34]

Rawalpindi plot and exile

Main article: Rawalpindi conspiracy

The Liaquat Ali Khan's government failure to capture Indian-administered Kashmir had frustrated the military leaders of the Pakistan Armed Forces in 1948, including Jinnah. A writer had argued that Jinnah had serious doubt of Ali Khan's ability to ensure the integrity and sovereignty of Pakistan.[35] After returning from the United States, Ali Khan imposed restrictions on Communist party as well as Pakistan Socialist Party. Although the East Pakistan Communist Party had ultimate success in East-Pakistan after staging the mass protest to recognise Bengali language as national language.

After Jinnah founded it, the Muslim League was struggling to survive in West-Pakistan. Therefore, Prime minister Liaquat Ali Khan imposed extreme restrictions and applied tremendous pressure on the communist party that ensured it was not properly allowed to function openly as a political party. The conspiracy had been planned by left-wing military officer and Chief of General Staff Major-General Akbar Khan. On 23 February 1951, a secret meeting was held at General Akbar's home, attended by other communist officers and communist party members, including Marxist Sajjad Zaheer and communist Faiz.[36] General Akbar assured Faiz and Zaheer that the communist party would be allowed to function as a legitimate political party like any other party and to take part in the elections.[36] But, according to communist Zafar Poshni who maintained, in 2011, that "no agreement was reached, the plan was disapproved, the communists weren't ready to accept General's words and the participants dispersed without meeting again".[36] However the next morning, the plot was foiled when one of the communist officer defected to the ISI revealing the motives behind the plot. When the news reached the Prime minister, orders for massive arrests were given to the Military Police by the Prime minister. Before the coup could be initiated, General Akbar among other communists were arrested, including Faiz.[37] In a trial led by the Judge Advocate General branch's officers in a military court, Faiz was announced to have spent four years in Montgomery Central Jail (MCJ),[38] due to his influential personality, Liaquat Ali Khan's government continued locating him in Central Prison Karachi and the Central Jail Mianwali.[39] The socialist Huseyn Suhravardie was his defence counselor.[39] Finally on 2 April 1955,[17] Faiz's sentence was commuted by the Prime minister Huseyn Suhrawardy, and he departed to London, Great Britain soon after.[39] In 1958, Faiz returned but was again detained by President Iskander Mirza, who allegedly blamed Faiz for publishing pro-communist ideas and for advocating a pro-Moscow government.[37] However, due to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's influence on Ayub Khan, Faiz's sentence was commuted in 1960 and he left for Moscow, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, eventually settling in London, United Kingdom.[39]

Return to Pakistan and government work

 
Faiz in London in 1983.

In 1964, Faiz finally returned to his country and settled down in Karachi, and was appointed Rector of Abdullah Haroon College.[17] Having served as the secretary of the Pakistan Arts Council from 1959 to 1962, he became its vice-president the same year.[25]

In 1965, Faiz was first brought to government by the charismatic democratic socialist Zulfikar Ali Bhutto who was serving as Foreign minister in the presidency of Ayub Khan.[17] Bhutto lobbied for Faiz and gave him an honorary capacity at the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (MoIB) working to rallying the people of West-Pakistan to fight against India to defend their motherland.[17] During the 1971 Winter war, Faiz rallied to mobilise the people, writing poems and songs that opposed the bloodshed during the Bangladesh Liberation War.[40]

In 1972, Prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto brought him back when Bhutto appointed Faiz as Culture adviser at the Ministry of Culture (MoCul) and the Ministry of Education (MoEd).[16][25] Faiz continued serving in Bhutto's government until 1974 when he took retirement from the government assignments.[16][25]

Faiz had strong ties with Bhutto and was deeply upset upon Bhutto's removal by Chief of Army Staff General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq in 1977 in a military coup code-named Fair Play.[41] Again, Faiz was monitored by Military Police and his every move was watched.[36] In 1979, Faiz departed from Pakistan after learning the news that Bhutto's execution had taken place.[36] Faiz took asylum in Beirut, Lebanon, where he edited the Soviet-sponsored magazine Lotus and met well-known Arab figures like Edward Said and Yasser Arafat,[42] but returned to Pakistan in poor health after the renewal of the Lebanon War in 1982.[43]

Themes and writing style

Faiz's early poetry focused on traditional tropes of romantic love, beauty, and heartbreak but eventually expanded to include themes of justice, rebellion, politics, and the interconnectedness of humanity. [18] Therefore, although many of Faiz's poems focus on themes of romantic love and loss,[44] most literary critics do not consider him primarily a romantic poet, emphasising that themes of justice and revolution take precedence in his extensive body of work.[45] Other critics see his poetry as an unconventional fusion of love and revolution that appeals to the new-age reader "who loves his beloved yet lives for humanity."[46]

Faiz's poetry is replete with progressivist and revolutionist ideas and he is often referred to as "an artistic rebel."[47] He is widely considered the poet of the oppressed and downtrodden classes and is known for highlighting their poverty, social discrimination, economic exploitation, and political repression.[45] His poetry was heavily leftist as well as anti-capitalist in tone and ideas, [45] and his poems are almost always a reflection of his time, focusing heavily on the suffering of ordinary people.[47] Many of Faiz's poems also revolve around themes of home, exile, and loss, leading UCLA researcher Aamir R. Mufti to assert that one of the predominant themes in Faiz's poetry is the meaning, implications, and legacy of the partition of India.[48]

Faiz's writing style is sometimes characterised as occupying a space between romance and love on the one hand and realism and revolution on the other.[46][47] Although he wrote prolifically on the topics of justice, resistance, and revolution, Faiz rarely allowed political rhetoric to overpower his poetry.[47] Not a proponent of the "art for art's sake" philosophy, Faiz believed that art that does not inspire people to take action is not great art.[47] Faiz's poetry often features religious symbolism inspired by Sufism and not by religious dogma.[47][49] His grandson Dr. Ali Madeeh Hashmi says that he was particularly influenced by Sufi figures such as Rumi, that he regretted not having memorized more of the Qur'an and that ideologically he proposed a form of Islamic socialism.[50]

His prose works tend to be written in strict classical Urdu diction while his poetry is known to have a more conversational and casual tenor.[18] His ghazals are often hailed for skillfully infusing socio-economic and political issues into conventional motifs of the ghazal such as love and separation.[18] Critics have noted that many of Faiz's poems start by making the reader aware of dire socio-political realities but ultimately strike a note of encouragement and hope that desperate circumstances will inevitably change for the better.[46]

Some critics have asserted that verses written by Faiz in the final years of his life differ in tone and content from the poetry he wrote when he was younger, particularly the poems written while he was incarcerated. His later-stage poetry is said to be more universal in tone, possessing a greater urgency for change and action, and as being more explicit and forthright in its challenge to "decadent tradition."[9]

Death and legacy

 
Faiz's resting place in Model Town Graveyard, Lahore, Pakistan

Faiz died in Lahore, Punjab in 1984, from complications of lung and heart disease[6] shortly after being nominated for the Nobel Prize for Literature.[43]

Although living a simple and restless life, Faiz's work, political ideology, and poetry became immortal, and he has often been called as one of the "greatest poets" of Pakistan.[51][52] Faiz remained an extremely popular and influential figure in the literary development of Pakistan's arts, literature, and drama and theatre adaptation.[53] In 1962, Faiz was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize which enhanced the relations of his country with the Soviet Union which at that time had been hostile and antagonistic relations with Pakistan.[54] The Lenin Peace Prize was a Soviet equivalent of Nobel Peace Prize, and helped lift Faiz's image even higher in the international community.[54] It also brought Soviet Union and Pakistan much closer, offering possibilities for bettering the lives of their people. Most of his work has been translated into the Russian language.[54]

Faiz, whose work is considered the backbone of development of Pakistan's literature, arts and poetry, was one of the most beloved poets in the country.[54] Along with Allama Iqbal, Faiz is often known as the "Poet of the East".[55] While commenting on his legacy, classical singer Tina Sani said:

Faiz Ahmad Faiz... (was) like a comrade, his thoughts were soft but effective and inspired the classical singers as it did others in the plays we did... Faiz's poetry never gets old because the problems and situations in this country have not changed. Today we sing him because of his beautiful poetry, missing out on the reasons behind his poems that had predictions...

— Tina Sani, commenting on the legacy of Faiz, [53]

Accolades and international recognition

Faiz was the first Asian poet to receive the Lenin Peace Prize, awarded by the Soviet Union in 1962.[56] In 1976 he was awarded the Lotus Prize for Literature.[56] He was also nominated for the Nobel Prize shortly before his death in 1984.[57] At the Lenin Peace Prize ceremony, held in the grand Kremlin hall in Moscow, Faiz thanked the Soviet government for conferring the honour, and delivered an acceptance speech, which appears as a brief preface to his collection Dast-i-tah-i-Sang (Hand Under the Rock):

Human ingenuity, science and industry have made it possible to provide each one of us everything we need to be comfortable provided these boundless treasures of nature and production are not declared the property of a greedy few but are used for the benefit of all of humanity… However, this is only possible if the foundations of human society are based not on greed, exploitation and ownership but on justice, equality, freedom and the welfare of everyone… I believe that humanity which has never been defeated by its enemies will, after all, be successful; at long last, instead of wars, hatred and cruelty, the foundation of humankind will rest on the message of the great Persian poet Hafez Shiraz: ‘Every foundation you see is faulty, except that of Love, which is faultless....

— Faiz Ahmad Faiz, 1962, [36]

In 1990, Faiz was posthumously honoured by the Pakistan Government when the ruling Pakistan Peoples Party led by Prime minister Benazir Bhutto awarded Faiz the highest civilian award, the Nishan-e-Imtiaz, in 1990.[1][58] In 2011, the Pakistan Peoples Party's government declared the year 2011 as "the year of Faiz Ahmad Faiz".[58] In accordance, the Pakistan Government set up a "Faiz Chair" at the Department of Urdu at the Karachi University and at the Sindh University,[59] followed by the Government College University of Lahore established the Patras, Faiz Chair at the Department of Urdu of the university, also in 2011.[60] The same year, the Government College University (GCU) presented golden shields to the University's Urdu department. The shields were issued and presented by the GCU vice-chancellor Professor Dr. Khaleequr Rehman, who noted and further wrote: "Faiz was poet of humanity, love and resistance against oppression".[55] In 2012, at the memorial ceremony that was held at the Jinnah Garden to honour the services of Faiz by the left-wing party Avami National Party and Communist Party, participants chanted: "The Faiz of workers is alive! The Faiz of farmers is alive...! Faiz is alive....!" at the end of the ceremony.[61]

Translations

Faiz's poetry has been translated into many languages including English and Russian.[62] A Balochi poet, Mir Gul Khan Nasir, who was also a friend of Faiz Ahmad Faiz, translated his book Sar-e-Wadi-e-Seena into Balochi with the title Seenai Keechag aa. Gul Khan's translation was written while he was in jail during Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's regime for opposing the government's policies. It was only published in 1980, after Zia-ul-Haq toppled Bhutto's government and freed all the political prisoners of his (Bhutto's) regime. Victor Kiernan, British Marxist historian translated Faiz Ahmad Faiz's works into English, and several other translations of whole or part of his work into English have also been made by others;[63] a transliteration in Punjabi was made by Mohinder Singh.[citation needed]

Faiz Ahmad Faiz, himself, also translated works of notable poets from other languages into Urdu. In his book "Sar-i Waadi-i Seena سرِ وادیِ سینا" there are translations of the famous poet of Dagestan, Rasul Gamzatov. "Deewa", a Balochi poem by Mir Gul Khan Nasir, was also translated into Urdu by Faiz.[64][65]

Plays, music, and dramatic productions on Faiz

  • "Hum Dekhenge" (ہم دیکھیں گے) by Iqbal Bano[66]
  • Sheeshon ka Maseeha (شیشوں کا مسیحا) by Omer Khawaja and Shabana Azmi.[67]
  • Dard Aayega Dabe Paon (درد آئے گا دبے پاؤں) by Sheela Bhatiya.[68]
  • Kuchh Ishq kiya Kuchh Kaam (کچھ عشق کیا کچھ کام) written by Danish Iqbal and staged by IPTA Delhi. This multi-media Stage Production was premiered at the Sri Ram centre, New Delhi on 11 November 2011. The Play is a Celebration of Faiz's Poetry and featured events from the early part of his life, particularly the events and incidents of pre-independence days which shaped his life and ideals. Directed by K K Kohli the musical Production featured Artists like Shamir Abadan, Jaishri Sethi, Dr Naseem, Izhar, Minhaj, Prateek Kapoor, Twinkle Khanna and Amit Bajaj in lead roles. The script was the first part of a Faiz trilogy written by Danish Iqbal on the occasion of the Faiz Centenary Celebrations.[69]
  • Chand Roz Aur Meri Jaan (چند روز اور میری جان) – A dramatised reading of Faiz's letter and letters written by his wife Alys Faiz. This Production was initially done at the start of his birth centenary celebrations at India Habitat Center, New Delhi by Danish Iqbal and Salima Raza. 'Chand Roz Aur Meri Jaan' was also done at Amritsar Faiz Festival organised by Preet Ladi, at Punjab Natshala, Amritsar, on 6 October 2011. This time it was done by Suchitra Gupta and Danish Iqbal.[70]
  • 2011 Drama Festival of Delhi Urdu Academy is basically devoted to Productions about Faiz. Apart from 'Kuchh Ishq kiya Kuchh Kaam' by IPTA, Delhi and 'Chand Roz Aur Meri Jaan' by Wings Cultural Society,[citation needed] this Festival will also feature Plays by Peirreot's Troupe on Faiz, namely 'Jo Dil Pe Guzarti Hai'. The festival also presented, for the first time on stage 'Tera Bayaan Ghalib', directed by Dr Hadi Sarmadi and performed by Bahroop Arts Group,[citation needed] which was an adaptation of one of Faiz's few plays for the radio.[71]
  • Ye Dagh Dagh Ujala (یہ داغ داغ اُجالا) A profound piece of poetry, written by Faiz Ahmad Faiz inspires Raj Amit Kumar to make a film Unfreedom which was released on 29 May 2015 in North America. The idea behind Unfreedom came from the desire to express the lack of freedom in the socio-economic structure of India's contemporary times.[72]
  • Jatt and Juliet (یہ داغ داغ اُجالا )A profound piece of poetry, written by Faiz Ahmad Faiz inspires Raj Amit Kumar to make a film Unfreedom which was released on 29 May 2015 in North America. The idea behind Unfreedom came from the desire to express the lack of freedom in the socio-economic structure of India's contemporary times.[72]

Faiz Foundation Trust and International Faiz Festival

Created in 2009,[73] the Faiz Foundation Trust holds the copyright for all literary works of Faiz Ahmad Faiz.[74] It also runs a not-for-profit organisation known as Faiz Ghar (House of Faiz) with the mission to promote the humanistic ideas of Faiz as well as art, literature, and culture in general.[74] The organisation also houses Faiz's personal library and much of his memorabilia including rare photographs, academic diplomas, and his letters and manuscripts.[74] In 2015, the Faiz Foundation Trust launched the inaugural International Faiz Festival in collaboration with the Lahore Arts Council at Alhamra in Lahore, Pakistan.[75][76] Held regularly since then, the festival is aimed at promoting Urdu poetry, music, literature, drama, and human rights in Pakistan.[75][77][78]

In popular culture

A collection of some of Faiz's celebrated poetry was published in 2011, under the name of "Celebrating Faiz" edited by D P Tripathi. The book also included tributes by his family, by contemporaries and by scholars who knew of him through his poetry. The book was released on the occasion of Mahatma Gandhi's birth anniversary in the Punjab province in Pakistan.[79] A Faiz poem is read in the British 2021 television sitcom We Are Lady Parts. In Nawaaz Ahmed's novel, Radiant Fugitives, a Faiz poem is recalled as the poem that the mother, Nafeesa, recites during a college jubilee celebration that attracts her soon-to-be husband.[80]

Faiz's poetic compositions have featured regularly on Coke Studio Pakistan. Season 10 featured his poem "Bol Ke Lab Azaad Hain Tere" (performed by Shafqat Amanat Ali) and "Mujhse Pehli Si Mohabbat" (performed by Humaira Channa & Nabeel Shaukat Ali). Season 11 featured Faiz's well-known revolutionary song "Hum Dekhenge" (performed by featured artists for the season).[81] Season 12 featured the songs "Gulon Main Rang" (performed by Ali Sethi) and "Aaye Kuch Abr" (performed by Atif Aslam).

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b c d "The Life of Faiz Ahmed Faiz – Newsweek Pakistan". Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  3. ^ "Faiz Ahmad Faiz could be 20th century's most relevant poet, here are a few shayaris that will tug at your heart strings". Hindustan Times. 3 January 2020. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
  4. ^ Sisir Kumar Das, History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, struggle for freedom : triumph and tragedy, Sahitya Akademi, 2005, p. 476
  5. ^ Faiz, Faiz Ahmed (3 January 2007). "Faiz Ahmed Faiz". Faiz Ahmed Faiz. from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
  6. ^ a b c "Of Faiz and army generals | Political Economy | thenews.com.pk". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  7. ^ Farooqi, Baran. "Between Patriotism, Partition and Pakistan, here's how Faiz Ahmed Faiz became a poet". Scroll.in. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
  8. ^ a b Dryland, Estelle (1992). "Faiz Ahmed Faiz and the Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case". Journal of South Asian Literature. 27 (2): 175–185. JSTOR 40874124.
  9. ^ a b "REVIEW: Faiz Ahmed Faiz: Dard aur Darma ka Sha'er by Dr Mohammad Ali Siddiqui". Dawn.com. 12 August 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
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Further reading

  • Dryland, Estelle. "Faiz Ahmed Faiz and the Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case." Journal of South Asian Literature 27.2 (1992): 175–185. Online
  • Faiz, Ahmad, Jamil Jalibi, and Fahmida Riaz AMINA YAQIN. "Variants of Cultural Nationalism in Pakistan: A Reading of Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Jamil Jalibi, and Fahmida Riaz." in Shared Idioms, Sacred Symbols, and the Articulation of Identities in South Asia (Routledge, 2009). 123–148.

External links

  • Works by or about Faiz Ahmad Faiz in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
  • Research Based Segregation of Faiz Ahmed Faiz Poetry- The website segregates the Selected poetry of Faiz Ahmed Faiz into Love, Romance, Sad, Social, Political and Religious Poetry
Profiles and tributes
  • Indian politician's tribute to Faiz Ahmed Faiz
  • A tribute to Alys Faiz
Works

March 02, 2023
faiz, ahmad, faiz, february, 1911, november, 1984, urdu, punjabi, فیض, احمد, فیض, pakistani, poet, author, urdu, punjabi, literature, faiz, most, celebrated, popular, influential, urdu, writers, time, works, ideas, remain, widely, influential, today, pakistan,. Faiz Ahmad Faiz MBE NI 13 February 1911 20 November 1984 2 Urdu Punjabi فیض احمد فیض was a Pakistani poet and author of Urdu and Punjabi literature Faiz was one of the most celebrated popular and influential Urdu writers of his time and his works and ideas remain widely influential today in Pakistan and beyond 3 Outside of literature he has been described as a man of wide experience having worked as a teacher army officer journalist trade unionist and broadcaster 4 Faiz Ahmad FaizNI LPP MBENative nameفیض احمد فیضBorn 1914 02 13 13 February 1914Narowal Sialkot District Punjab British India Present day Punjab Pakistan Died20 November 1984 1984 11 20 aged 73 Lahore Punjab PakistanResting placeModel Town Graveyard LahoreOccupationPoetjournalistarmy officerLanguageUrduPunjabiNationalityBritish Indian 1911 1947 Pakistani 1947 1984 EducationArabic literature B A M A English literature M A Alma materSialkot Murray CollegeGovernment College UniversityPunjab UniversityGenreGhazalnazmSubjectRevolutionjusticeloveLiterary movementProgressive Writers MovementCommunist Party of PakistanNotable worksSubh e AzadiNaqsh e FaryadiDast e Sabah Zindan namaNotable awardsNigar Awards 1953 Lenin Peace Prize 1962 1 HRC Peace PrizeNishan e Imtiaz 1990 1 Avicenna Prize 2006 SpouseAlys FaizChildrenSalima b 1942 Muneeza b 1946 RelativesShoaib Hashmi Son in law SignatureMilitary careerAllegiance British EmpireService wbr branch British Indian ArmyYears of service1942 1947RankLieutenant ColonelUnit18 Garhwal RiflesBattles warsSecond World WarAwardsMember of the Order of the British Empire MBE 1945 Websitehttps www faizfoundationtrust net Born in Sialkot District Punjab during the British rule Faiz studied at Government College and Oriental College 5 and went on to serve in the British Indian Army After the partition of India Faiz served as editor in chief of two major newspapers the English language daily Pakistan Times and the Urdu daily Imroze 6 7 He was also leading member of the Communist Party before his arrest and imprisonment in 1951 for his alleged part in a conspiracy to overthrow the Liaquat administration and replace it with a left wing pro Soviet government 8 Faiz was released after four years in prison and spent his time in Moscow and London becoming a notable member of the Progressive Writers Movement After the downfall of Ayub Khan s government and the separation of Bangladesh he worked as an aide to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto but exiled himself to Beirut after Bhutto s execution at the hands of Zia ul Haq 8 Faiz was a well known Marxist and is said to have been a progressive who remained faithful to Marxism 9 Critics have noted that Faiz took the tenets of Marxism where Muhammad Iqbal had left it and relayed it to a younger generation of Muslims who were considered more open to change more receptive to egalitarianism and had a greater concern for the poor 10 Faiz was the first Asian poet to be awarded the Lenin Peace Prize 1962 11 by the Soviet Union and was also nominated for the Nobel Prize in literature 12 He was posthumously honoured when the Pakistan Government conferred upon him the nation s highest civil award the Nishan e Imtiaz in 1990 12 13 Contents 1 Personal life 1 1 Early life 1 2 Education 1 3 Marriage 2 Career 2 1 Academia 2 2 Military service 2 3 Internationalism and communism 2 4 Rawalpindi plot and exile 2 5 Return to Pakistan and government work 3 Themes and writing style 4 Death and legacy 4 1 Accolades and international recognition 4 2 Translations 5 Plays music and dramatic productions on Faiz 6 Faiz Foundation Trust and International Faiz Festival 7 In popular culture 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External linksPersonal life EditEarly life Edit Faiz Ahmad Faiz was born into a Jat family 14 on 13 February 1911 in Kala Qader 15 present day Faiz Nagar in Sialkot District Punjab British India 16 17 Faiz hailed from an academic family that was well known in literary circles His home was often the scene of a gathering of local poets and writers who met to promote the literacy movement in his native province 17 Faiz s father Sultan Muhammad Khan was a prominent barrister 16 18 who worked for the British Government and an autodidact who wrote and published the biography of Amir Abdur Rahman an Emir of Imperial Afghanistan 17 Khan was the son of a peasant whose ancestors migrated from Afghanistan to British India 2 Khan worked as a shepherd as a child but was ultimately able to study law at Cambridge University 2 Education Edit Following the South Asian Muslim tradition Faiz s family directed him to study Islamic studies at the local mosque to be oriented to the basics of religious studies by Maulana Hafiz Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti an Ahl i Hadith scholar 19 Following the Muslim tradition he learned Arabic Persian Urdu and the Quran 16 17 Faiz was also a Pakistan nationalist and often said purify your hearts so you can save the country 16 His father later pulled him from Islamic school because Faiz who went to a madrasa for a few days found that the impoverished children there were not comfortable having him around and ridiculed him Faiz came to the madrasa in neat clothes in a horse drawn carriage while the students of the school were from very poor backgrounds and used to sit on the floor on straw mats 20 Faiz s close friend Dr Ayub Mirza recalls that Faiz came home and told his father he was not going to attend the madrasa anymore His father then registered him at the Scotch Mission School which was managed and run by a local British family Faiz attended Murray College at Sialkot for intermediate studies 11th and 12th grade 17 In 1926 Faiz enrolled in Department of Languages and Fine Arts of the Government College Lahore While there he was greatly influenced by Shams ul Ulema Professor Mir Hassan who taught Arabic and Professor Pitras Bukhari 17 Professor Hasan had also taught the renowned philosopher poet and politician of South Asia Dr Muhammad Iqbal In 1926 Faiz attained his BA with Honors in Arabic under the supervision of Professor Mir Hassan In 1930 Faiz joined the post graduate program of the Government College obtaining MA in English literature in 1932 and wrote his master s thesis on the poetry of Robert Browning 2 The same year Faiz completed a first class degree at Punjab University s Oriental College 17 It was during his college years that he met M N Roy and Muzaffar Ahmed who influenced him to become a member of the Communist Party 16 In addition to Urdu English and Arabic Faiz was also fluent in French and Persian 21 Marriage Edit In 1941 Faiz became involved with Alys Faiz a British national and a member of Communist Party of the United Kingdom who was a student at the Government College University where Faiz taught poetry 22 The marriage ceremony took place in Srinagar while nikah ceremony was performed at Pari Mahal Faiz and his wife lived in the building that is now Government College for Women M A Road Faiz s host M D Taseer who was serving as the college principal at the time was later married to Alys s sister Christobel Faiz s nikah ceremony was attended by Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq and Sheikh Abdullah among others 23 While Alys opted for Pakistan citizenship she was a vital member of Communist Party of Pakistan and played a significant role in Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case when she brought together the communist mass Faiz and his wife have two daughters Salima Hashmi and Muneeza Hashmi 22 Career EditAcademia Edit In 1935 Faiz joined the faculty of Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College at Amritsar serving as a lecturer in English and British literature 17 24 Later in 1937 Faiz moved to Lahore to reunite with his family after accepting the professorship at the Hailey College of Commerce initially teaching introductory courses on economics and commerce 17 In 1936 Faiz joined a literary movement PWM and was appointed its first secretary by his fellow Marxist Sajjad Zaheer 16 In East and West Pakistan the movement gained considerable support in civil society 16 In 1938 he became editor in chief of the monthly Urdu magazine Adab e Latif lit Belles Letters until 1946 16 In 1941 Faiz published his first literary book Naqsh e Faryadi lit Imprints and joined the Pakistan Arts Council PAC in 1947 16 Faiz was a good friend of Soviet poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko who once said In Faiz s autobiography is his poetry the rest is just a footnote 25 During his lifetime Faiz published eight books and received accolades for his works 25 Faiz was a humanist a lyrical poet whose popularity reached neighbouring India and Soviet Union 26 self published source Indian biographer Amaresh Datta compared Faiz as equal esteem in both East and West 26 Throughout his life his revolutionary poetry addressed the tyranny of military dictatorships tyranny and oppression Faiz himself never compromised on his principles despite being threatened by the right wing parties in Pakistan 26 Faiz s writings are comparatively new verse form in Urdu poetry based on Western models 26 Faiz was influenced by the works of Allama Iqbal and Mirza Ghalib assimilating modern Urdu with classical 25 Faiz used more and more demands for the development of socialism in the country finding socialism the only solution of country s problems 26 During his life Faiz was concerned with more broader socialists ideas using Urdu poetry for the cause and expansion of socialism in the country 26 Urdu poetry and ghazals influenced Faiz to continue his political themes as non violent and peaceful opposing the far right politics in Pakistan 26 Faiz consistently faced political persecution for his revolutionary views and ideologies 27 and was especially targeted by the religious and conservative press due to his lifelong advocacy for the rights of women and workers 6 Military service Edit On 11 May 1942 Faiz was commissioned in the British Indian Army as a second lieutenant in the 18th Royal Garhwal Rifles 28 29 17 24 Initially assigned as a public relations officer in the General Staff Branch 29 Faiz received rapid promotions in succession to acting captain on 18 July 1942 war substantive lieutenant and temporary captain on 1 November 1942 acting major on 19 November 1943 and to temporary major and war substantive captain on 19 February 1944 28 On 30 December 1944 he received a desk assignment as an assistant director of public relations on the staff of the North Western Army with the local rank of lieutenant colonel 30 24 For his service he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire Military Division MBE in the 1945 New Year Honours list 31 Faiz served with a unit led by Akbar Khan a left wing officer and future Pakistan Army general He remained in the army for a short period after the war receiving promotion to acting lieutenant colonel in 1945 and to war substantive major and temporary lieutenant colonel on 19 February 1946 32 In 1947 Faiz opted for the newly established State of Pakistan However after witnessing the 1947 Kashmir war with India Faiz decided to leave the army and submitted his resignation in 1947 24 Internationalism and communism Edit Main article Communism in Pakistan Faiz believed in Internationalism and emphasised the philosophy of the Global village 16 In 1947 he became editor of the Pakistan Times and in 1948 he became vice president of the Pakistan Trade Union Federation PTUF 16 In 1950 Faiz joined the delegation of Prime minister Liaquat Ali Khan initially leading a business delegation in the United States attending the meeting at the International Labour Organization ILO at San Francisco 16 During 1948 50 Faiz led the PTUF s delegation in Geneva and became an active member of World Peace Council WPC 16 Faiz was a well known communist in the country and had been long associated with the Communist Party of Pakistan which he founded in 1947 along with Marxist Sajjad Zaheer and Jalaludin Abdur Rahim 33 Faiz had his first exposure to socialism and communism before the independence of State of Pakistan which he thought was consistent with his progressive thinking 25 Faiz had long associated ties with the Soviet Union a friendship with atheist country that later honoured him with high award Even after his death the Russian government honoured him by calling him our poet to many Russians 25 However his popularity was waned in Bangladesh after 1971 when Dhaka did not win much support for him 25 Faiz and other pro communists had no political role in the country despite their academic brilliance 33 self published source Although Faiz was a not a hardcore or far left communist he spent most of the 1950s and 1960s promoting the cause of communism in Pakistan 33 During the time when Faiz was editor of the Pakistan Times one of the leading newspapers of the 1950s he lent editorial support to the party He was also involved in the circle lending support to military personnel e g Major General Akbar Khan His involvement with the party and Major General Akbar Khan s coup plan led to his imprisonment later Later in his life while giving an interview with the local newspaper Faiz was asked by the interviewer as if he was a communist He replied with characteristic nonchalance No I am not a communist is a person who is a card carrying member of the Communist party ever made The party is banned in our country So how can I be a communist 34 Rawalpindi plot and exile Edit Main article Rawalpindi conspiracy The Liaquat Ali Khan s government failure to capture Indian administered Kashmir had frustrated the military leaders of the Pakistan Armed Forces in 1948 including Jinnah A writer had argued that Jinnah had serious doubt of Ali Khan s ability to ensure the integrity and sovereignty of Pakistan 35 After returning from the United States Ali Khan imposed restrictions on Communist party as well as Pakistan Socialist Party Although the East Pakistan Communist Party had ultimate success in East Pakistan after staging the mass protest to recognise Bengali language as national language After Jinnah founded it the Muslim League was struggling to survive in West Pakistan Therefore Prime minister Liaquat Ali Khan imposed extreme restrictions and applied tremendous pressure on the communist party that ensured it was not properly allowed to function openly as a political party The conspiracy had been planned by left wing military officer and Chief of General Staff Major General Akbar Khan On 23 February 1951 a secret meeting was held at General Akbar s home attended by other communist officers and communist party members including Marxist Sajjad Zaheer and communist Faiz 36 General Akbar assured Faiz and Zaheer that the communist party would be allowed to function as a legitimate political party like any other party and to take part in the elections 36 But according to communist Zafar Poshni who maintained in 2011 that no agreement was reached the plan was disapproved the communists weren t ready to accept General s words and the participants dispersed without meeting again 36 However the next morning the plot was foiled when one of the communist officer defected to the ISI revealing the motives behind the plot When the news reached the Prime minister orders for massive arrests were given to the Military Police by the Prime minister Before the coup could be initiated General Akbar among other communists were arrested including Faiz 37 In a trial led by the Judge Advocate General branch s officers in a military court Faiz was announced to have spent four years in Montgomery Central Jail MCJ 38 due to his influential personality Liaquat Ali Khan s government continued locating him in Central Prison Karachi and the Central Jail Mianwali 39 The socialist Huseyn Suhravardie was his defence counselor 39 Finally on 2 April 1955 17 Faiz s sentence was commuted by the Prime minister Huseyn Suhrawardy and he departed to London Great Britain soon after 39 In 1958 Faiz returned but was again detained by President Iskander Mirza who allegedly blamed Faiz for publishing pro communist ideas and for advocating a pro Moscow government 37 However due to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto s influence on Ayub Khan Faiz s sentence was commuted in 1960 and he left for Moscow Union of Soviet Socialist Republics eventually settling in London United Kingdom 39 Return to Pakistan and government work Edit Faiz in London in 1983 In 1964 Faiz finally returned to his country and settled down in Karachi and was appointed Rector of Abdullah Haroon College 17 Having served as the secretary of the Pakistan Arts Council from 1959 to 1962 he became its vice president the same year 25 In 1965 Faiz was first brought to government by the charismatic democratic socialist Zulfikar Ali Bhutto who was serving as Foreign minister in the presidency of Ayub Khan 17 Bhutto lobbied for Faiz and gave him an honorary capacity at the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting MoIB working to rallying the people of West Pakistan to fight against India to defend their motherland 17 During the 1971 Winter war Faiz rallied to mobilise the people writing poems and songs that opposed the bloodshed during the Bangladesh Liberation War 40 In 1972 Prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto brought him back when Bhutto appointed Faiz as Culture adviser at the Ministry of Culture MoCul and the Ministry of Education MoEd 16 25 Faiz continued serving in Bhutto s government until 1974 when he took retirement from the government assignments 16 25 Faiz had strong ties with Bhutto and was deeply upset upon Bhutto s removal by Chief of Army Staff General Muhammad Zia ul Haq in 1977 in a military coup code named Fair Play 41 Again Faiz was monitored by Military Police and his every move was watched 36 In 1979 Faiz departed from Pakistan after learning the news that Bhutto s execution had taken place 36 Faiz took asylum in Beirut Lebanon where he edited the Soviet sponsored magazine Lotus and met well known Arab figures like Edward Said and Yasser Arafat 42 but returned to Pakistan in poor health after the renewal of the Lebanon War in 1982 43 Themes and writing style EditFaiz s early poetry focused on traditional tropes of romantic love beauty and heartbreak but eventually expanded to include themes of justice rebellion politics and the interconnectedness of humanity 18 Therefore although many of Faiz s poems focus on themes of romantic love and loss 44 most literary critics do not consider him primarily a romantic poet emphasising that themes of justice and revolution take precedence in his extensive body of work 45 Other critics see his poetry as an unconventional fusion of love and revolution that appeals to the new age reader who loves his beloved yet lives for humanity 46 Faiz s poetry is replete with progressivist and revolutionist ideas and he is often referred to as an artistic rebel 47 He is widely considered the poet of the oppressed and downtrodden classes and is known for highlighting their poverty social discrimination economic exploitation and political repression 45 His poetry was heavily leftist as well as anti capitalist in tone and ideas 45 and his poems are almost always a reflection of his time focusing heavily on the suffering of ordinary people 47 Many of Faiz s poems also revolve around themes of home exile and loss leading UCLA researcher Aamir R Mufti to assert that one of the predominant themes in Faiz s poetry is the meaning implications and legacy of the partition of India 48 Faiz s writing style is sometimes characterised as occupying a space between romance and love on the one hand and realism and revolution on the other 46 47 Although he wrote prolifically on the topics of justice resistance and revolution Faiz rarely allowed political rhetoric to overpower his poetry 47 Not a proponent of the art for art s sake philosophy Faiz believed that art that does not inspire people to take action is not great art 47 Faiz s poetry often features religious symbolism inspired by Sufism and not by religious dogma 47 49 His grandson Dr Ali Madeeh Hashmi says that he was particularly influenced by Sufi figures such as Rumi that he regretted not having memorized more of the Qur an and that ideologically he proposed a form of Islamic socialism 50 His prose works tend to be written in strict classical Urdu diction while his poetry is known to have a more conversational and casual tenor 18 His ghazals are often hailed for skillfully infusing socio economic and political issues into conventional motifs of the ghazal such as love and separation 18 Critics have noted that many of Faiz s poems start by making the reader aware of dire socio political realities but ultimately strike a note of encouragement and hope that desperate circumstances will inevitably change for the better 46 Some critics have asserted that verses written by Faiz in the final years of his life differ in tone and content from the poetry he wrote when he was younger particularly the poems written while he was incarcerated His later stage poetry is said to be more universal in tone possessing a greater urgency for change and action and as being more explicit and forthright in its challenge to decadent tradition 9 Death and legacy Edit Faiz s resting place in Model Town Graveyard Lahore Pakistan Faiz died in Lahore Punjab in 1984 from complications of lung and heart disease 6 shortly after being nominated for the Nobel Prize for Literature 43 Although living a simple and restless life Faiz s work political ideology and poetry became immortal and he has often been called as one of the greatest poets of Pakistan 51 52 Faiz remained an extremely popular and influential figure in the literary development of Pakistan s arts literature and drama and theatre adaptation 53 In 1962 Faiz was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize which enhanced the relations of his country with the Soviet Union which at that time had been hostile and antagonistic relations with Pakistan 54 The Lenin Peace Prize was a Soviet equivalent of Nobel Peace Prize and helped lift Faiz s image even higher in the international community 54 It also brought Soviet Union and Pakistan much closer offering possibilities for bettering the lives of their people Most of his work has been translated into the Russian language 54 Faiz whose work is considered the backbone of development of Pakistan s literature arts and poetry was one of the most beloved poets in the country 54 Along with Allama Iqbal Faiz is often known as the Poet of the East 55 While commenting on his legacy classical singer Tina Sani said Faiz Ahmad Faiz was like a comrade his thoughts were soft but effective and inspired the classical singers as it did others in the plays we did Faiz s poetry never gets old because the problems and situations in this country have not changed Today we sing him because of his beautiful poetry missing out on the reasons behind his poems that had predictions Tina Sani commenting on the legacy of Faiz 53 Accolades and international recognition EditFaiz was the first Asian poet to receive the Lenin Peace Prize awarded by the Soviet Union in 1962 56 In 1976 he was awarded the Lotus Prize for Literature 56 He was also nominated for the Nobel Prize shortly before his death in 1984 57 At the Lenin Peace Prize ceremony held in the grand Kremlin hall in Moscow Faiz thanked the Soviet government for conferring the honour and delivered an acceptance speech which appears as a brief preface to his collection Dast i tah i Sang Hand Under the Rock Human ingenuity science and industry have made it possible to provide each one of us everything we need to be comfortable provided these boundless treasures of nature and production are not declared the property of a greedy few but are used for the benefit of all of humanity However this is only possible if the foundations of human society are based not on greed exploitation and ownership but on justice equality freedom and the welfare of everyone I believe that humanity which has never been defeated by its enemies will after all be successful at long last instead of wars hatred and cruelty the foundation of humankind will rest on the message of the great Persian poet Hafez Shiraz Every foundation you see is faulty except that of Love which is faultless Faiz Ahmad Faiz 1962 36 In 1990 Faiz was posthumously honoured by the Pakistan Government when the ruling Pakistan Peoples Party led by Prime minister Benazir Bhutto awarded Faiz the highest civilian award the Nishan e Imtiaz in 1990 1 58 In 2011 the Pakistan Peoples Party s government declared the year 2011 as the year of Faiz Ahmad Faiz 58 In accordance the Pakistan Government set up a Faiz Chair at the Department of Urdu at the Karachi University and at the Sindh University 59 followed by the Government College University of Lahore established the Patras Faiz Chair at the Department of Urdu of the university also in 2011 60 The same year the Government College University GCU presented golden shields to the University s Urdu department The shields were issued and presented by the GCU vice chancellor Professor Dr Khaleequr Rehman who noted and further wrote Faiz was poet of humanity love and resistance against oppression 55 In 2012 at the memorial ceremony that was held at the Jinnah Garden to honour the services of Faiz by the left wing party Avami National Party and Communist Party participants chanted The Faiz of workers is alive The Faiz of farmers is alive Faiz is alive at the end of the ceremony 61 Translations Edit Faiz s poetry has been translated into many languages including English and Russian 62 A Balochi poet Mir Gul Khan Nasir who was also a friend of Faiz Ahmad Faiz translated his book Sar e Wadi e Seena into Balochi with the title Seenai Keechag aa Gul Khan s translation was written while he was in jail during Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto s regime for opposing the government s policies It was only published in 1980 after Zia ul Haq toppled Bhutto s government and freed all the political prisoners of his Bhutto s regime Victor Kiernan British Marxist historian translated Faiz Ahmad Faiz s works into English and several other translations of whole or part of his work into English have also been made by others 63 a transliteration in Punjabi was made by Mohinder Singh citation needed Faiz Ahmad Faiz himself also translated works of notable poets from other languages into Urdu In his book Sar i Waadi i Seena سر وادی سینا there are translations of the famous poet of Dagestan Rasul Gamzatov Deewa a Balochi poem by Mir Gul Khan Nasir was also translated into Urdu by Faiz 64 65 Plays music and dramatic productions on Faiz Edit Hum Dekhenge ہم دیکھیں گے by Iqbal Bano 66 Sheeshon ka Maseeha شیشوں کا مسیحا by Omer Khawaja and Shabana Azmi 67 Dard Aayega Dabe Paon درد آئے گا دبے پاؤں by Sheela Bhatiya 68 Kuchh Ishq kiya Kuchh Kaam کچھ عشق کیا کچھ کام written by Danish Iqbal and staged by IPTA Delhi This multi media Stage Production was premiered at the Sri Ram centre New Delhi on 11 November 2011 The Play is a Celebration of Faiz s Poetry and featured events from the early part of his life particularly the events and incidents of pre independence days which shaped his life and ideals Directed by K K Kohli the musical Production featured Artists like Shamir Abadan Jaishri Sethi Dr Naseem Izhar Minhaj Prateek Kapoor Twinkle Khanna and Amit Bajaj in lead roles The script was the first part of a Faiz trilogy written by Danish Iqbal on the occasion of the Faiz Centenary Celebrations 69 Chand Roz Aur Meri Jaan چند روز اور میری جان A dramatised reading of Faiz s letter and letters written by his wife Alys Faiz This Production was initially done at the start of his birth centenary celebrations at India Habitat Center New Delhi by Danish Iqbal and Salima Raza Chand Roz Aur Meri Jaan was also done at Amritsar Faiz Festival organised by Preet Ladi at Punjab Natshala Amritsar on 6 October 2011 This time it was done by Suchitra Gupta and Danish Iqbal 70 2011 Drama Festival of Delhi Urdu Academy is basically devoted to Productions about Faiz Apart from Kuchh Ishq kiya Kuchh Kaam by IPTA Delhi and Chand Roz Aur Meri Jaan by Wings Cultural Society citation needed this Festival will also feature Plays by Peirreot s Troupe on Faiz namely Jo Dil Pe Guzarti Hai The festival also presented for the first time on stage Tera Bayaan Ghalib directed by Dr Hadi Sarmadi and performed by Bahroop Arts Group citation needed which was an adaptation of one of Faiz s few plays for the radio 71 Ye Dagh Dagh Ujala یہ داغ داغ ا جالا A profound piece of poetry written by Faiz Ahmad Faiz inspires Raj Amit Kumar to make a film Unfreedom which was released on 29 May 2015 in North America The idea behind Unfreedom came from the desire to express the lack of freedom in the socio economic structure of India s contemporary times 72 Jatt and Juliet یہ داغ داغ ا جالا A profound piece of poetry written by Faiz Ahmad Faiz inspires Raj Amit Kumar to make a film Unfreedom which was released on 29 May 2015 in North America The idea behind Unfreedom came from the desire to express the lack of freedom in the socio economic structure of India s contemporary times 72 Faiz Foundation Trust and International Faiz Festival EditCreated in 2009 73 the Faiz Foundation Trust holds the copyright for all literary works of Faiz Ahmad Faiz 74 It also runs a not for profit organisation known as Faiz Ghar House of Faiz with the mission to promote the humanistic ideas of Faiz as well as art literature and culture in general 74 The organisation also houses Faiz s personal library and much of his memorabilia including rare photographs academic diplomas and his letters and manuscripts 74 In 2015 the Faiz Foundation Trust launched the inaugural International Faiz Festival in collaboration with the Lahore Arts Council at Alhamra in Lahore Pakistan 75 76 Held regularly since then the festival is aimed at promoting Urdu poetry music literature drama and human rights in Pakistan 75 77 78 In popular culture EditA collection of some of Faiz s celebrated poetry was published in 2011 under the name of Celebrating Faiz edited by D P Tripathi The book also included tributes by his family by contemporaries and by scholars who knew of him through his poetry The book was released on the occasion of Mahatma Gandhi s birth anniversary in the Punjab province in Pakistan 79 A Faiz poem is read in the British 2021 television sitcom We Are Lady Parts In Nawaaz Ahmed s novel Radiant Fugitives a Faiz poem is recalled as the poem that the mother Nafeesa recites during a college jubilee celebration that attracts her soon to be husband 80 Faiz s poetic compositions have featured regularly on Coke Studio Pakistan Season 10 featured his poem Bol Ke Lab Azaad Hain Tere performed by Shafqat Amanat Ali and Mujhse Pehli Si Mohabbat performed by Humaira Channa amp Nabeel Shaukat Ali Season 11 featured Faiz s well known revolutionary song Hum Dekhenge performed by featured artists for the season 81 Season 12 featured the songs Gulon Main Rang performed by Ali Sethi and Aaye Kuch Abr performed by Atif Aslam See also EditList of Urdu language writersReferences Edit a b c Faiz s 105th birth anniversary celebrated Aaj News Archived from the original on 25 June 2016 Retrieved 3 June 2016 Faiz Ahmad Faiz s Nishan e Imtiaz Award info on aaj tv website Retrieved 3 June 2016 a b c d The Life of Faiz Ahmed Faiz Newsweek Pakistan Retrieved 11 February 2023 Faiz Ahmad Faiz could be 20th century s most relevant poet here are a few shayaris that will tug at your heart strings Hindustan Times 3 January 2020 Retrieved 12 February 2023 Sisir Kumar Das History of Indian Literature 1911 1956 struggle for freedom triumph and tragedy Sahitya Akademi 2005 p 476 Faiz Faiz Ahmed 3 January 2007 Faiz Ahmed Faiz Faiz Ahmed Faiz Archived from the original on 2 September 2017 Retrieved 8 December 2017 a b c Of Faiz and army generals Political Economy thenews com pk www thenews com pk Retrieved 11 February 2023 Farooqi Baran Between Patriotism Partition and Pakistan here s how Faiz Ahmed Faiz became a poet Scroll in Retrieved 13 February 2023 a b Dryland Estelle 1992 Faiz Ahmed Faiz and the Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case Journal of South Asian Literature 27 2 175 185 JSTOR 40874124 a b REVIEW Faiz Ahmed Faiz Dard aur Darma ka Sha er by Dr Mohammad Ali Siddiqui Dawn com 12 August 2012 Retrieved 12 February 2023 Jalil Rakhshanda 16 January 2020 What Makes Faiz Timeless and Accessible to Lay Urdu Readers TheQuint Retrieved 13 February 2023 Verses of Urdu poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz dropped from CBSE Class 10 textbook Report Scroll in 23 April 2022 Retrieved 13 February 2023 a b Remembering legendary poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz on 35th death anniversary Daily Times 22 November 2019 Retrieved 11 February 2023 Faiz Ahmed Faiz Life and poetry Dawn 17 February 2011 Archived from the original on 8 December 2017 Retrieved 8 December 2017 His family Dawn 11 February 2011 Archived from the original on 7 October 2015 Faiz Ahmed Faiz Faizfoundationtrust Retrieved 12 February 2023 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Rahman Sarvat 2002 100 Poems by Faiz Ahmad Faiz 1911 1984 New Delhi India Abhinv Publications India p 327 ISBN 81 7017 399 X a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Faiz Ahmad Faiz Official website of Faiz Ahmad Faiz Archived from the original on 3 April 2012 Retrieved 6 March 2012 a b c d About Faiz Ahmed Faiz poets org Retrieved 12 February 2023 Andreas Rieck The Shias of Pakistan An Assertive and Beleaguered Minority Oxford University Press 2016 p 57 Faiznama Bedirian Razmig 3 February 2023 Grandson revisits Faiz Ahmed Faiz s life and legacy ahead of Dubai show The National Retrieved 13 February 2023 a b Arif Azad 25 March 2003 Obituary Alys Faiz The Guardian 2005 Archived from the original on 17 May 2014 Retrieved 7 March 2012 Hussain Masood 28 November 2018 Famous Faiz Poem Bol Ki Lab Azad Hein Teray Was For Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah Kashmir Life Retrieved 21 March 2021 a b c d Kanda K C 2009 2005 Masterpieces of patriotic Urdu poetry text translation and transliteration New Delhi India Sterling Publishing Pvt Ltd pp 341 355pp total 434 pp ISBN 978 81 207 2893 6 a b c d e f g h i Rizwan PhD Biological sciences Riz 2008 In English Faiz Ahmad Faiz A renowned Urdu poet Chicago Illinois Xlibris Corporation ISBN 978 1 4363 7313 5 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b c d e f g Datta Amresh 1995 The Encyclopedia of Indian Literature New Delhi India Wellwish Publishing ltd pp 1258 1259 ISBN 81 260 1194 7 Faiz Ahmad Faiz Profile amp Biography Rekhta Retrieved 12 February 2023 a b The Half Yearly Indian Army List April 1945 Part I Government of India Press 1945 p 610 a b The Half Yearly Indian Army List October 1943 Part I Government of India Press 1943 p 610 The Half Yearly Indian Army List April 1945 Part I Government of India Press 1945 p 31 No 36866 The London Gazette Supplement 29 December 1944 p 14 The Indian Army List Special Edition August 1947 Government of India Press 1947 p 610 a b c Bhargva G S 2005 Star crossed India let down by leadership New Delhi India Kalpaz Publications pp 153 193 ISBN 81 7835 422 5 NPT Faiz Ahmad Faiz 2010 Nazaria i Pakistan Trust Archived from the original on 21 April 2012 Retrieved 6 March 2012 Wirsing Robert 2005 Kashmir in the shadow of war regional rivalries in a nuclear age United States M E Sharpe publishing Co pp 173 75 ISBN 978 0 7656 1089 8 a b c d e f Zafar Ullah Poshni 15 February 2011 My Jail Mate The Dawn Newspapers 2011 Archived from the original on 20 February 2011 Retrieved 3 June 2016 a b Chandran K Narayana 2005 Text and their Words II A prison evening New Delhi Foundation Book Pvt Lmtd pp 159pp ISBN 81 7596 288 7 Cohen Stephen Phillip 2004 The Idea of Pakistan U S Brookings Institutions 2004 pp 102 150pp ISBN 0 8157 1502 1 a b c d Hasan Zaheer 1998 he times and trial of the Rawalpindi conspiracy 1951 the first coup attempt in Pakistan U K Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 577892 2 Bangladesh Genocide and Faiz Ahmed Faiz Southasiatimes com 26 March 1971 Archived from the original on 5 February 2012 Retrieved 8 August 2012 Dr Ali Madeeh Hashmi 23 February 2011 Faiz Ahmed Faiz Life and poetry The Dawn Newspapers 2011 Archived from the original on 3 April 2012 Retrieved 3 June 2016 Arif Azad 1 September 2019 Essay Faiz Palestine Lotus and Beirut Dawn Retrieved 3 April 2020 a b Academy of American Poets Faiz Ahmed Faiz 1997 Academy of American Poets Archived from the original on 19 January 2012 Retrieved 7 March 2012 Parekh Rauf 8 April 2012 What is the true theme of poetry DAWN COM Retrieved 12 February 2023 a b c Mahmood Parvez 4 March 2021 Two Worlds of Faiz Ahmed Faiz The Friday Times Naya Daur Retrieved 12 February 2023 a b c Love and revolution Faiz s poetic intoxicants The Express Tribune 14 November 2015 Retrieved 12 February 2023 a b c d e f Abbas Waseem 27 October 2022 Faiz Ahmed Faiz A Revolutionary Poet www youlinmagazine com Retrieved 12 February 2023 Persistence of Memory Culture and Partition in the Poetry of Faiz Ahmed Faiz tillism com 23 June 2021 Retrieved 12 February 2023 Calling Faiz s Hum Dekhenge Anti Hindu Is Both Laughable and Insulting The Wire Retrieved 12 February 2023 Madeeh Hashmi Ali 14 November 2021 On Faiz and spirituality I The News International Staff report Editorial 3 February 2012 Remembering Faiz Dawn Newspapers Archived from the original on 30 March 2016 Retrieved 3 June 2016 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Khursheed Hyder 25 December 2011 Tribute Tina Sani pays homage to Faiz Dawn Newspapers 25 December 2011 Archived from the original on 28 December 2011 Retrieved 3 June 2016 a b Our Correspondents 14 February 2011 Tributes paid to Faiz Dawn Newspapers 14 February 2011 Retrieved 3 June 2016 a b c d Asif Farrukhi 17 February 2011 Among his contemporaries Dawn Newspapers 17 February 2011 Archived from the original on 19 February 2011 Retrieved 3 June 2016 a b Our Staff Reporter 28 July 2011 GCU pays a tribute to Faiz Dawn Newspapers 28 July 2011 Retrieved 3 June 2016 a b Arana R Victoria 2008 The Facts on File companion to world poetry 1900 to the present Infobase Publishing p 172 ISBN 978 0 8160 6457 1 Archived from the original on 10 July 2014 Retrieved 25 November 2011 Faiz Ahmad Faiz Urdu Poet The South Asian Literary Recordings Project Library of Congress New Delhi Office Loc gov Archived from the original on 28 July 2012 Retrieved 8 August 2012 a b Staff report 2011 Bhutto Faiz embraced gallows for human dignity ideals President Dailymail news 2011 Archived from the original on 20 January 2013 Retrieved 7 March 2012 Staff Report 19 November 2011 Preserving culture Govt to set up Faiz Chair at Karachi and Sindh University Tribune Express 19 November 2011 Archived from the original on 22 November 2011 Retrieved 7 March 2012 Our Correspondents 13 December 2011 Patras Faiz remembered The News International 2011 Archived from the original on 16 June 2013 Retrieved 7 March 2012 Staff Reporter 13 February 2012 A tribute to Faiz s progressive spirit Pakistan Today Archived from the original on 16 April 2013 Retrieved 7 March 2012 Death anniversary of legendary poet writer Faiz Ahmad Faiz observed www radio gov pk Retrieved 11 February 2023 Omer Tarin Faiz Ahmad Faiz The Living Verse and its English Translators in Punjab Journal of the Humanities Lahore Pakistan Vol 3 2008 pp 21 23 Warsa i Nasiriyat ورثۂ نصیریات by Abdul Sabur Baloch p 166 Shairi iShar Gadaari شاعری اشعار غداری by Mir Aqil Khan Mengal in Maahnaama Balochi December 1987 p 11 Khan M Ilyas 22 April 2009 Pakistani singer Iqbal Bano dies BBC News Oops Something went wrong YouTube www youtube com Bajeli Diwan Singh 20 December 2012 Poetry of Pain The Hindu Retrieved 12 February 2008 From the Diary The Hindu 25 July 2016 Retrieved 12 February 2018 Bhambri Vaishali 3 September 2011 Urdu lessons on stage Hindustan Times Retrieved 12 February 2018 Correspondents Nidhi Gupta 13 November 2011 A tribute to Urdu and Faiz The Sunday Guardian Archived from the original on 5 December 2013 Retrieved 12 April 2012 a b Unfreedom Official Website Unfreedommovie com 3 March 2015 Archived from the original on 13 March 2015 Retrieved 8 August 2012 Faiz Foundation Trust Faizfoundationtrust Retrieved 12 February 2023 a b c Faiz Festival YouTube www youtube com Retrieved 12 February 2023 a b FAIZ FESTIVAL 2022 ALHAMRA ART CENTRE AAA Associates 1 March 2022 Retrieved 12 February 2023 Ahmed Shoaib 17 January 2023 Faiz Festival announces tentative schedule for upcoming edition DAWN COM Retrieved 12 February 2023 Shujrah Mahnaz 7 March 2022 Faiz Festival 2022 Chalo Phir Se Muskaraen Lets smile again www youlinmagazine com Retrieved 12 February 2023 Javed Akhtar other luminaries to attend Faiz Festival in Lahore The Nation 16 February 2023 Retrieved 18 February 2023 Devi Prasad Tripathi 2011 Celebrating Faiz Vij Books India ISBN 978 93 81411 08 7 Ahmed Nawaaz 2021 Radiant Fugitives Berkeley California Counterpoint pp 285 286 ISBN 9781640094048 Hum Dekhenge Coke Studio releases slick new version of the revolutionary poem by Faiz Ahmed Faiz Scroll in 25 July 2018 Retrieved 12 February 2023 Further reading EditDryland Estelle Faiz Ahmed Faiz and the Rawalpindi Conspiracy Case Journal of South Asian Literature 27 2 1992 175 185 Online Faiz Ahmad Jamil Jalibi and Fahmida Riaz AMINA YAQIN Variants of Cultural Nationalism in Pakistan A Reading of Faiz Ahmad Faiz Jamil Jalibi and Fahmida Riaz in Shared Idioms Sacred Symbols and the Articulation of Identities in South Asia Routledge 2009 123 148 External links EditWorks by or about Faiz Ahmad Faiz in libraries WorldCat catalog Research Based Segregation of Faiz Ahmed Faiz Poetry The website segregates the Selected poetry of Faiz Ahmed Faiz into Love Romance Sad Social Political and Religious PoetryProfiles and tributesIndian politician s tribute to Faiz Ahmed Faiz A tribute to Alys Faiz Mushaira org entry on Faiz Ahmed FaizWorksSelected poetry of Faiz Audio recitation and ghazals nazms qitaat of Faiz in Roman transliteration Selected poems of Faiz Ahmed Faiz translated by Azfar Hussain Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Faiz Ahmad Faiz amp oldid 1141507988, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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