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Wikipedia

Disney comics

May 29, 2023

This article is about comics featuring Disney characters. For the publisher, see Disney Comics (publishing).

Disney comics are comic books and comic strips featuring characters created by the Walt Disney Company, including Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and Uncle Scrooge.

The first Disney comics were newspaper strips appearing from 1930 on, starting with the Mickey Mouse comic strip. Mickey Mouse Magazine, the first American newsstand publication with Disney comics, launched in 1935. In 1940, Western Publishing launched the long-running flagship comic book, Walt Disney's Comics and Stories, which reached 750 issues in September 2019.[1] Uncle Scrooge, launched in 1952, reached issue #450 in June 2019.[2] In recent decades, Disney comics have seen a decline of popularity in the US.

In the rest of the world Disney comics have remained very successful, especially in Europe, where weekly Disney comics magazines and monthly paperback digests are national best sellers.

United States: Comic strips

The first Disney comics appeared in daily newspapers, syndicated by King Features with production done in-house by a Disney comic strip department at the studio. Initially Floyd Gottfredson along with his responsibilities for the Mickey Mouse comic strip oversaw the Disney comic strip department from 1930 to 1945, then Frank Reilly was brought in to administer the burgeoning department from January 1946 to 1975. Greg Crosby headed the department from 1979 to 1989.

Mickey Mouse

Main article: Mickey Mouse (comic strip)

The Mickey Mouse daily comic strip began on January 13, 1930,[3] featuring Mickey as an optimistic, adventure-seeking young mouse. It was initially written by Walt Disney with art by Ub Iwerks and Win Smith. Beginning with the May 5, 1930 installment the art chores were taken up by Floyd Gottfredson (often aided by various inkers), who also either wrote or supervised the story continuities (relying on various writers to flesh out his plots). Gottfredson continued with the strip until 1975. By 1931, the Mickey Mouse strip was published in 60 newspapers in the US, as well as papers in twenty other countries.[4]

From the beginning, the strips were parts of long continuing stories. These introduced characters such as the Phantom Blot, Eega Beeva, and the Bat Bandit, which Gottfredson created; Disney created Eli Squinch, Mickey's nephews, Morty and Ferdie Fieldmouse, and Sylvester Shyster, which were also introduced in the comic.[5]

Starting in the 1950s, Gottfredson and writer Bill Walsh were instructed to drop the storylines and do only daily gags.[6] Gottfredson continued illustrating the daily strip until he retired on October 1, 1975.[5]

After Gottfredson retired, the strip was written and drawn by many other creators. The Sunday page went into reprints in February 1992, and the daily strip ended on July 29, 1995.[3]

In 2011, Fantagraphics Books began the Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse series, a hardback collection of Gottfredson's run on the strip. A total of 14 volumes were published between 2011 and 2018, collecting the entirety of Gottfredson's Sunday color work (two volumes) and all of his serialized story-themed daily strips (12 volumes). The collection doesn't include any of Gottfredson's gag-oriented material from 1955 onwards.

Silly Symphony

Main article: Silly Symphony (comic strip)

The Sunday Mickey Mouse strip started on January 10, 1932 with a topper Silly Symphony strip.[7]Silly Symphony initially related the adventures of Bucky Bug, the first Disney character to originate in the comics.[8] It went on to print more adaptations of Silly Symphony shorts, often using the characters and setting of the original shorts, but adding new plotlines and incidents. It also went on to print adaptations of the feature films, as well as periods of gag strips featuring Donald Duck and Pluto. By late 1935 the strip was a standalone half-page, not strictly a topper for the Mickey Sunday.

The strip was initially titled Silly Symphonies; after two years, the name was changed to Silly Symphony. The switch happened in the February 18, 1934 strip, just three weeks before Bucky Bug would be replaced with a new storyline, "Birds of a Feather".[9]

The complete rundown of Silly Symphony strips, from 1932 to 1945:[10]

The Silly Symphony Sunday strip ended on October 7, 1945, and was replaced by Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit.

Three of the Silly Symphony stories inspired long-running features in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories. Original Bucky Bug stories first appeared in issue #39 (Dec 1943) and appeared every month for seven years, wrapping up with issue #120 (Sept 1950). "The Three Little Pigs" feature inspired the creation of Li'l Bad Wolf, the Big Bad Wolf's errant son, who wants to be friends with the Pigs. Li'l Bad Wolf's adventures began in issue #52 (Jan 1945), and he made regular appearances until almost the end of the comic's original run, issue #259 (April 1962). Finally, Little Hiawatha had his own monthly story for two years, from issue #143 (Aug 1952) to #168 (September 1954).

The complete strip has been reprinted in four hardcover collections, Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics, published by IDW Publishing's Library of American Comics imprint. The first volume, published in 2016, includes all of the strips from "Bucky Bug" (1932) to "Cookieland" (1935). Volume 2, published in 2017, includes "Three Little Kittens" (1935) to "Timid Elmer" (1939). Volume 3, published in 2018, includes "Pluto the Pup" (1939) to "Little Hiawatha" (1942). The fourth volume, published in 2019, concludes the series with "Bambi" (1942) through Panchito" (1945).

Donald Duck

Main article: Donald Duck (comic strip)

Donald Duck made his first comics appearance in the Silly Symphony adaptation of the 1934 Disney short The Wise Little Hen (Sept. 16, 1934-Dec. 16, 1934). As Donald's popularity grew, he became the star of the Silly Symphony strip for an extended run (August 1936 to December 1937),[11] and then got his own daily strip starting on February 7, 1938. A Donald Sunday strip premiered December 10, 1939. Carl Barks, known to fans as "The Duck Man," wrote at least 20 of the strips between 1938 and 1940.[12] Donald Duck ran until May 2005, when it went into reprints.[12]

Starting in 2015, IDW Publishing's Library of American Comics imprint has been publishing hardcover collections of the Donald Duck strip. As of 2019, five volumes of Donald Duck: The Complete Daily Newspaper Comics and two volumes of Donald Duck: The Complete Sunday Comics have been released.

Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit

Main article: Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit

Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit was launched as a Sunday strip on October 14, 1945, as a preview of the upcoming 1946 film Song of the South. The Uncle Remus strip began, like Silly Symphony, as a topper for the Mickey Mouse strip, but after the first few years, almost always appeared on its own.[13]

The previous comic strip adaptations of Disney films lasted for four or five months, but the Uncle Remus strip continued for almost thirty years, telling new stories of Br'er Rabbit and friends, until the strip was discontinued on December 31, 1972.[14]

Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales

Main article: Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales

In 1950, Disney distributed a limited-time Sunday strip adaptations of their new animated feature Cinderella,[15] and followed the next year with Alice in Wonderland.[16] Judged a success, the experiment was turned into an ongoing feature in 1952 -- Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales—beginning with The Story of Robin Hood.

The Sunday strip ran for thirty-five years, from July 13, 1952 to February 15, 1987. The animated features adapted for the strip include Peter Pan (1953), Lady and the Tramp (1955), Sleeping Beauty (1958), The Sword in the Stone (1963) and The Jungle Book (1968). Classic Tales also featured animated shorts, including Lambert the Sheepish Lion (1956) and Ben and Me (1953), and featurettes like Peter & The Wolf (1954) and Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree (1966). The 1979-80 adaptation of The Black Hole was particularly notable for featuring pencil art by comics icon Jack Kirby, with Mike Royer inking.

Treasury of Classic Tales also adapted live-action films like Old Yeller (1957–58), Swiss Family Robinson (1960), Mary Poppins (1964) and The Love Bug (1969). The strip transitioned from historical dramas like The Sword and the Rose (1953) and Kidnapped (1960) to comedies like The Shaggy Dog (1959) and The Parent Trap (1961).

In 2016, IDW Publishing and their imprint The Library of American Comics (LoAC) began to collect all the Treasury of Classic Tales stories in a definitive hardcover reprint series.[17] As of 2019, three volumes have been published, reprinting all the stories from Robin Hood (1952) through In Search of the Castaways (1962). In April 2018, it was announced that, due to the sales goal of the series not being met, the third volume may be the last one to be published.[18][19]

Scamp

Main article: Scamp (comics)

In 1955, the animated film Lady and the Tramp inspired a new comic strip based on an adorable, unnamed puppy glimpsed at the end of the movie. Scamp debuted in newspapers on October 31, 1955, and ran for more than 30 years, ending on June 25, 1988. The strip was created by Ward Greene, a King Features Syndicate editor who wrote the original magazine story, Happy Dan, the Whistling Dog, and Miss Patsy, the Beautiful Spaniel, which inspired the film. Greene and artist Dick Moores produced the strip for eight months as a continuing story. Starting in May 1956, other creators took over, and the strip moved to a gag-a-day format.

Disney Christmas Story

Main article: Disney Christmas Story

Beginning in 1960, a special daily strip with a holiday theme utilizing the Disney characters was offered each year through 1987.[20][21][22] It generally ran for three to four weeks with the concluding strip appearing a day or two before Christmas, often promoting the latest Disney release or re-release.[10] These were unique in that in some cases, they showcased the crossover of Disney characters that otherwise rarely interacted.

The tradition was revived in 1992 as Disney Holiday Story to publicize contemporary Disney feature animated films.

In 2017, the Christmas stories were collected in a hardback volume, Disney's Christmas Classics, published by IDW Publishing.[23] The collection includes all of the Christmas stories except for 1986's story based on Song of the South.

Winnie the Pooh

Main article: Winnie the Pooh (comic strip)

Disney created a Winnie the Pooh comic strip for King Features Syndicate starting June 19, 1978. Based on the Disney adaptations of the characters, the strip was written by Don Ferguson and drawn by Richard Moore.[24] In addition to the regular cast of characters, Ferguson and Moore also added a knight named Sir Brian, and his worrywart dragon. The strip lasted for almost ten years, ending on April 2, 1988.

More comic strips

Besides the strips described above the other Disney strips distributed over the years included (chronologically by start date):

  • Merry Menagerie [humorous daily panel featuring anthropomorphic animals, but no Disney characters] (Jan. 13, 1947-March 17, 1962).[25][26][27]
  • True Life Adventures [daily panel] (March 14, 1955 – February 27, 1973)
  • Mickey Mouse and His Friends [pantomime aimed at an international audience, gag strips featuring Mickey, Minnie, Goofy and Pluto] (September 1, 1958 – March 17, 1962).[28]
  • Gummi Bears (Sept. 1, 1986–April 1, 1989) [29][30]

A proposed Roger Rabbit strip underwent development but cancellation of the sequel led King Features to pass on it.[31]

The Disney comic strip department closed in January 1990. The last two strips, Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck, continued to be supervised by King Features. The Donald strip was drawn by Larry Knighton with King Features staffers writing it.[32] The Donald strip was discontinued in the mid-1990s. In this period the Mickey strip had Floyd Norman as the writer and art rotating between Rick Hoover and Alex Howell. Norman convinced the syndicate to allow him to drop the gag-a-day format in favor of adventure continuities of up to four weeks, much in the style of the classic Gottfredson era. By 1994 the strip was running in only 30 newspapers and by mutual agreement of Disney and King Features it ended.[33] Both strips continued with reprints.

In recent years Creators Syndicate has offered reprints of the Donald Duck, Mickey Mouse and Winnie the Pooh strips as part of a "classics" package and posts the current strip on its site (without archiving).[34] Domestically the strips have 20-30 clients at any one time; they also appear in many newspapers outside the United States (exact number unknown).[35]

United States: Comic books

Mickey Mouse Magazine

Main article: Mickey Mouse Magazine

Mickey Mouse Magazine (1933–1940) was the first Disney comics publication, and preceded the popular 1940 anthology comic book Walt Disney's Comics and Stories. There were three versions of the title—two promotional giveaway magazines published from 1933 to 1935, and a newsstand magazine published from 1935 to 1940. The publication gradually evolved from a 16-page booklet of illustrated text stories and single-page comic panels into a 64-page comic book featuring reprints of the Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck comic strips.

Walt Disney's Comics and Stories

Main article: Walt Disney's Comics and Stories

In October 1940, Western rebranded Mickey Mouse Magazine as Walt Disney's Comics and Stories, an anthology comic book series featuring an assortment of Disney characters, including Donald Duck, Scrooge McDuck, Mickey Mouse, Chip 'n Dale, Li'l Bad Wolf, Scamp, Bucky Bug, Grandma Duck, Brer Rabbit, Winnie the Pooh, and others. With more than 700 issues, Walt Disney's Comics & Stories is the longest-running Disney comic book in the United States.

By the mid-1950s, WDC&S was the best selling comic book in America, with a circulation hovering around three million a month (with the highest level reached being 3,038,000 for the Sept. 1953 issue).[36] It's regarded as one of the best-selling comic books of all time.[37]

The book was originally published by Dell Comics (1940-1962), and there have been many revivals over the years, continuing the same legacy numbering. The revivals have been published by Gold Key Comics (1962–1984), Gladstone Publishing (1986–1990), Disney Comics (1990–1993), back to Gladstone Publishing (1993–1999), Gemstone Publishing (2003-2008), Boom! Studios (2009-2011) and IDW Publishing (2015–2020), where it was relaunched as Disney Comics and Stories in September 2018.

Four Color

Main article: Four Color

When Walt Disney's Comics and Stories launched in 1940 as a partnership between Dell Comics and Western Publishing, the comic only reprinted existing Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and Silly Symphony comic strips, rather than creating original stories specifically for the comic book form. This was common for comic books at the time.

Dell also had an anthology series, Four Color, which started in 1939 as a series of "one-shot" specials, each focused on a particular character. In the early days, Four Color mostly featured comic strip reprints of Dick Tracy, Little Orphan Annie, Terry and the Pirates and others.[38] The first series included two issues of Disney comic strips -- Donald Duck strips were reprinted in issue #4 (Feb 1940),[39] and Gottfredson's Mickey Mouse serial Mickey Mouse Outwits the Phantom Blot was colored, reformatted into comic form and released as issue #16 (1941).[40]

In 1941, Four Color published the two earliest Disney comic book stories, based on new Disney films. Issue #13 featured an adaptation of The Reluctant Dragon,[41] and a Dumbo adaptation was the focus of issue #17.[42] Both of these stories were assembled by using a film-editing machine called the Moviola, and having artist Irving Tripp trace the actual frames of the film to make up each panel.[43] Each issue also had additional short back-up features—the Reluctant Dragon issue included comic adaptations of the 1941 shorts Old MacDonald Duck and Goofy's How to Ride a Horse, and Dumbo of the Circus had an illustrated text adaptation of the Donald Duck short The Village Smithy, as well as some filler comic strips from Silly Symphony and Mickey Mouse.

The next story specifically created for Disney comic books was Pluto Saves the Ship, published in Dell Comics' Large Feature Comics #7 in July 1942. The story was written by Disney animators Carl Barks, Jack Hannah and Nick George; it was Barks' first comic book work.[43]

Four Color relaunched with a new numbering system in 1942, and in October, Dell published "Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold" as issue #9 of the second series. This 64-page story was the first Donald Duck story drawn (but not yet written) by Barks.

Four Color went on to produce more than 1,000 issues from 1942 to 1962, and the major ongoing Disney comics series were all launched as individual issues of the Four Color series. "Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold" eventually became the first Donald Duck comic, Mickey Mouse began as issue #27 (1943), and the first Uncle Scrooge comic was issue #386 (March 1952). Scamp also began as a Four Color one-shot with issue #703 (May 1956), which turned into a series in 1958. When they each "graduated" to their own comic books, Dell continued their numbering as if they had been part of a series all along.

There were many other Disney characters featured in issues of Four Color. This list shows the first issue for each character:[44]

Donald Duck

Main article: Donald Duck (American comic book)

Donald Duck (1942-2017) first appeared as part of the Four Color one-shot series, beginning in issue #9 (Oct 1942). Carl Barks, the first great figure among Disney comic book creators, wrote all of his early long stories for the Donald Duck one-shots, including Donald Duck and the Mummy's Ring (1943), The Terror of the River! (1946), Volcano Valley (1947), The Ghost of the Grotto (1947), Christmas on Bear Mountain (1947), The Old Castle's Secret (1948), Sheriff of Bullet Valley (1948), Lost in the Andes! (1949), Voodoo Hoodoo (1949) and Luck of the North (1949).

The title received its own numbering system with issue #26 (1953) and ended with issue #388 (June 2017).

Mickey Mouse

Main article: Mickey Mouse (comic book)

Mickey Mouse (1943-2017) first appeared as part of the Four Color one-shot series, beginning in issue #27 (1943). It received its own numbering system with issue #28 (December 1952), and after many iterations with various publishers, ended with #330 (June 2017) from IDW Publishing.

Dell Giants

In 1949, Dell began a tradition of publishing occasional "Disney Giants", plus-size comic books with more pages and a higher price. The first Giant was Walt Disney's Christmas Parade #1 (Nov 1949). This was a 132-page square-bound comic that sold for 25 cents, considerably higher than the typical 10-cent comics.[45] Christmas Parade had a cover by Walt Kelly, and began with a Carl Barks-penned Donald Duck story, "Letter to Santa".

Christmas Parade was a success, and Dell followed up the next year with Walt Disney's Vacation Parade #1 (July 1950) and Christmas Parade #2 (Nov 1950). Dell also introduced Bugs Bunny's Christmas Funnies in 1950, and soon all of Dell's top-selling characters had regular annuals and giant issues.[45]

Christmas Parade ran for ten issues from 1949 to 1959, and was followed by Walt Disney's Merry Christmas (Dec 1960) and Donald Duck Merry Christmas (Dec 1961).

Vacation Parade ran for five annual issues from 1950 to 1954, before being retitled Picnic Party from 1955 to 1957, Mickey Mouse Summer Fun (1958), Walt Disney's Summer Fun (1959), Daisy Duck and Uncle Scrooge Picnic Time (1960) and Mickey and Donald in Vacationland (1961). There were also six annual issues of Donald Duck Beach Party from 1954 to 1959.[46]

Dell also published nine annual issues of Silly Symphonies (1952-1959).[47]

When Disneyland, the first Disney theme park, opened in 1955, Dell celebrated with the Giant Donald Duck in Disneyland (Sept 1955), and made frequent returns to the park over the next few years, including Mickey Mouse in Frontierland (May 1956), Mickey Mouse in Fantasyland (May 1957), Uncle Scrooge Goes to Disneyland (Aug 1957), Christmas in Disneyland (a one-time retitle of Christmas Parade, Nov 1957) Donald and Mickey in Disneyland on Tom Sawyer Island (May 1958), Vacation in Disneyland (Aug 1958), Disneyland Birthday Party (Oct 1958) and Disneyland U.S.A. (June 1960).[46]

There were also three annual issues of Huey, Dewey and Louie Back To School in October 1959, 1960 and 1961, and a number of one-shot Giants, including Peter Pan's Treasure Chest (Jan 1953), Mickey Mouse Birthday Party (Sept 1953), Mickey Mouse Club Parade (Dec 1955), Mickey Mouse Almanac (Dec 1957) and Daisy Duck and Uncle Scrooge Showboat (Sept 1961).[47]

Uncle Scrooge

Main article: Uncle Scrooge

Carl Barks introduced Donald's Uncle Scrooge in the story "Christmas on Bear Mountain", published in Four Color #178 (Dec 1947). Scrooge made regular returns to both the Donald Duck comic and Barks' stories in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories over the next few years, and he finally received his own title in Four Color #386 (March 1952).

The spin-off title was very popular, and by issue #4 Uncle Scrooge shed its Four Color association and became its own independent book. Scrooge is one of the longest-running American Disney comics books, and is still presently ongoing, reaching issue #450 in June 2019.

The book has been produced under the aegis of several different publishers, including Western Publishing (initially in association with Dell Comics and later under its own subsidiary, Gold Key Comics and its Whitman imprint), Gladstone Publishing, Disney Comics, Gemstone Publishing, Boom! Studios, and IDW Publishing, and has undergone several hiatuses of varying length. Despite this, it has maintained the same numbering scheme throughout its six decade history, with only IDW adding a secondary numbering that started at #1.[48]

Gold Key/Whitman era

By the late 1950s, relations between Dell and Western had become strained. Former Western writer Mark Evanier states part of this was due to "... a small battle going on between the two companies over the ownership of properties in non-licensed comics."[49] In 1962 Western, ended the partnership and continued their comic book line under the Gold Key Comics label. Comic book historian Joe Torcivia has dubbed the mid-1960s "... a period of creativity for Western Publishing's Disney line not seen since its formation, and never seen again."[50]

Western continued publishing Dell's four main titles: Walt Disney's Comics and Stories (starting with issue #264, Sept 1962), Mickey Mouse (issue #85, Nov 1962), Donald Duck (issue #85, Dec 1962) and Uncle Scrooge (issue #40, Jan 1963). They also started (or restarted) several titles:

By the 1970s, Disney comics were undergoing a steep decline in circulation, with newsstand distribution discontinued in 1981. Western thereafter released its comics under the Whitman label, distributing them to candy stores and other outlets in bags containing three comics and also eventually distributed them to the emerging network of comic book stores. Western ceased publishing comics in 1984.

Disney Studio Program

From 1962 to 1990 the Walt Disney Studio had a unit producing comic book stories exclusively for foreign consumption, the Disney Studio Program, in response to complaints of foreign comic book licensees that Western Publishing was producing fewer stories that they could reprint.

Many European publishers saw a great demand for Disney comics, and it was a typical pattern for a company to publish a comic once a month, then add regular specials, then phase out the specials and publish the comic biweekly, and finally turn it into a weekly magazine. France's Le Journal de Mickey and the Netherlands' Donald Duck Weekblad started the trend, publishing weekly comics in 1952, and the others followed in the late 1950s. Germany's Micky Maus turned weekly in 1957, Denmark's Anders And & Co. in 1958, Sweden's Kalle Anka & C:o in 1959, and Italy's Topolino in 1960. By the early 1960s, the weeklies' voracious need for material was using up the available inventory of stories.

George Sherman, head of Disney's Publications Department at the time, hired Tom Golberg to run the program.[51] Sherman noted the purpose of the program was "We [will] use new characters in our foreign comics, characters that we don't have [in the USA].... to bring out facets of existing characters, [and to] give the stories more variety."[52]

Tony Strobl, Cliff Voorhees, Al Hubbard, Paul Murry, Jack Bradbury, Carson Van Osten, Ellis Eringer and Romano Scarpa were among the artists during its early years; Carl Fallberg, Floyd Norman, Ed Nofziger, Cecil Beard, Jim Fanning, Dick Kinney, Diana Gabaldon and Mark Evanier were among those who at some point did scripts for it. From the late 1970s on, the Jaime Diaz Studios of Argentina drew most of the stories.

In a few instances, Studio Program stories were reprinted in the United States in promotional giveaways of Gulf Oil (Wonderful World of Disney) in the late 1960s and Procter & Gamble (Disney Magazine) in the mid-1970s. Mickey and the Sleuth stories were published by Gold Key in Walt Disney Showcase #38, 39 and 42 (1977–1978). Besides the Sleuth, other characters created for the program include Donald's cousin Fethry Duck and the hillbilly hermit Hard Haid Moe. Also, while Carl Barks created John D. Rockerduck, he used the character only in a single story ("Boat Buster", Walt Disney's Comics and Stories #255, Dec. 1961) while the program subsequently created numerous stories with the Scrooge McDuck rival and helped refine him (along with stories by Brazilian and Italian Disney comic book licensees).[53]

Domestic printing of Studio Program stories became common starting in the late 1980s as the Disney comics published by Gladstone and Gemstone have featured them on a regular basis, along with reprints from Gold Key/Dell and material produced by foreign licensees.

This program was merged into Disney Comics, and is the precursor of the comics that subsequently appeared in Disney Adventures.

Revivals

Starting in 1986, Disney comics in the United States were published by Gladstone Publishing (a subsidiary of Another Rainbow Publishing dedicated solely to Carl Barks). Impressed by Gladstone's unanticipated success, Disney revoked their license in 1990 to publish the comics themselves by the subsidiary W. D. Publications, Inc. under the name "Disney Comics",[54] and a large expansion was planned. However, following the Disney Implosion in 1991, Disney gradually returned licensing to Gladstone again (for the classic characters) and Marvel Comics (for the modern characters). Respectively, reprints of classic Barks stories were licensed to Gladstone again from 1991, while it took Gladstone until the demise of Disney Comics in 1993 to regain a license also for other stories containing the classic characters. Gladstone from then on remained publishing Disney comics until 1998.

In 2003, after a few years' hiatus, regular publication was restarted by Gemstone Publishing, a reformed version of Gladstone. Gemstone's two monthly Disney titles were Walt Disney's Comics and Stories and Uncle Scrooge, but the license was not renewed with the last releases dated Nov. 2008.[55]

More recently, Disney licensed some of their modern properties to Slave Labor Graphics (Gargoyles) and BOOM! Kids (The Muppet Show, The Incredibles, and Cars). Boom eventually also got the license for the classic characters,[56] and began publishing comic books with them in 2009. Although cancelling two titles previously published by Gladstone and Gemstone (Donald Duck Adventures and Uncle $crooge Adventures), Boom! expanded their Disney portfolio in 2010-'11 by launching three new titles based upon the 1990s Disney Afternoon TV format (Darkwing Duck, Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers, and DuckTales). However, in August 2011, it was reported that Disney and Boom! were to end the licensing agreement, leaving the future of comics including their classic characters as well as those from the Disney Afternoon format uncertain.[57]

In October 2014, Comic Book Resources (CBR) reported that Joe Books, a small new Canadian publisher founded by former BOOM! vice president Adam Fortier, had acquired the rights to a "remastered" omnibus reprint of BOOM's entire Darkwing Duck comic series that would lead into an all-new on-going Darkwing Duck series produced by Joe Comics,[58] and in February 2015, CBR ran an interview with series artist James Silvani and series writer Aaron Sparrow on the new "remastered" omnibus collection published by Joe Books that month, as well as their plans for the announced new series.[59] As the November 2014 edition of the Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide also contained ads for Joe Books comic adaptations of two theatrical Disney features,[60][61] observers have expressed rumors that Joe Books has acquired the full North-American comic license to all Disney animated and live-action properties.[62][63]

In January 2015, IDW Publishing announced on their public Facebook account that they were to start publishing all the classic-characters Disney titles, starting with Uncle $crooge in April of that year and focussing on reprints of European Disney comics with these characters by artists such as Marco Rota and Romano Scarpa.[64] The rights to North-American reprints of Carl Barks and Don Rosa comics are currently (2015) held by Fantagraphics Books.

Disney has also begun publishing a bimonthly magazine based on Phineas and Ferb, featuring comic stories based on the show.[65] Between 1999 and 2005, Dark Horse Comics published occasional adaptations of Disney's new movies.[citation needed]

The Disney Studio launched Kingdom Comics division in May 2008 led by writer-actor Ahmet Zappa, TV executive Harris Katleman and writer-editor Christian Beranek. Kingdom was designed to create new properties for possible film development and reimagine and redevelop existing Disney library movies with Disney Publishing Worldwide getting a first look for publishing.[66]

Disney Afternoon comics

There have been many comic books based on the popular 1990-1997 "Disney Afternoon" slate of afternoon television cartoon series:

  • Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers
    • Disney Comics: 19 issues (1990-1991)
    • Boom!: 8 issues (2010-2011)
  • Darkwing Duck
    • Disney Comics: 4 issues (1991-1992)
    • Boom!: 18 issues & 1 Annual (2010-2011)
    • Joe Books: 8 issues (2016-2017)
  • DuckTales
    • Gladstone: 13 issues (1988-1990)
    • Disney Comics: 18 issues (1990-1991)
    • Boom!: 6 issues (2011)
    • IDW: ongoing (2017-on)
  • Gargoyles
    • Marvel Comics: 11 issues (1995)
    • Slave Labor Comics: 12 issues (2006-08) [#9-12 TPB-only]
    • Slave Labor Comics: Gargoyles: Bad Guys: 6 issues (2007-08) [#5/6 TPB-only]
  • Tale Spin
    • Disney Comics: 4-issue miniseries and 7-issue series (1991)

More comic books

Notable American Disney comic book writers and artists include Carl Barks, Tony Strobl, Paul Murry, William Van Horn, and Don Rosa.

Disney comic titles in the USA include:

Europe

United Kingdom

Main article: Mickey Mouse Weekly

Disney comics first appeared in the United Kingdom in the Mickey Mouse Annual, which published 18 editions between 1930 and 1947. The books were published by Dean & Son, and illustrated by Wilfred Haughton.

Inspired by the 1935 launch of the US newsstand Mickey Mouse Magazine, UK publisher Odhams Press established Mickey Mouse Weekly, a large-size 12-page comics magazine, with four pages in full-color photogravure. Wilfred Haughton contributed to this publication as well, which featured the full range of characters from the Mickey Mouse and Silly Symphony cartoons. The magazine included new material—both Disney and non-Disney—as well as reprints of the American comic strips.[67] Mickey Mouse Weekly featured the first ever Donald Duck comic book serial, originally called Donald and Donna, which began in issue #67 (May 15, 1937), drawn by William A. Ward. There were 15 weekly parts of this first serial featuring Donald and his girlfriend Donna, an early version of Daisy Duck.[68] Donna left the series after the first story, which was continued as Donald Duck, Donald and Mac and Donald Duck with Mac for the next three years, ending in issue #222 (May 4, 1940).[69] Goofy and Toby Tortoise also had their own strip, The Defective Agency, and so did Elmer Elephant, Pinocchio, Thumper and the mice from Cinderella, Jaq and Gus. The popular magazine ended in 1957, after 920 issues, because of a copyright dispute with Disney.[70] Ronald Nielsen had been producing painted comic book pages in Floyd Gottfredson's 1940s style, as well as of characters from Disney animated films, during the mid-1950s until the magazine lost its license.

Immediately after the close of Mickey Mouse Weekly, another Disney comics magazine was launched: Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse, which ran for 55 issues from 1958 to 1959, and then changed title to Walt Disney's Weekly, publishing another 111 issues until 1961.

Other Disney comics published in the UK include:

  • Disneyland Magazine (1971-1976)
  • Donald and Mickey (1972-1975)
  • Goofy (and also Pluto) (1973-1974); merged as Donald and Mickey (and also Goofy)
  • Mickey Mouse (1975-1981)
  • Donald Duck (IPC Magazines) (1975-1976)
  • Donald Duck (London Editions) (1987-1990)
  • Mickey Mouse and Friends (1989-1990)
  • The Disney Weekly (1991-1992)
  • Mickey and Friends (1992-1996)

Of contributors to American Disney comics who were born in the UK, Ted Thwaites was an inker for Floyd Gottfredson in the early Disney comic strip department, and Frank McSavage from Scotland drew a number of Grandma Duck, Bongo and other stories for the American comic books.

Prolific British writers for Egmont include Paul Halas, Gail Renard and Jack Sutter.

British Webcomic creator Sarah Jolley has introduced a romance between Gladstone Gander and Magica De Spell. Her popular online comics, that she calls 'duck doodles', have won praise from Disney artists.

Scandinavia

Denmark

Danish publisher Egmont (previously Gutenberghus) has one of the largest productions of Disney comics in the world. This production is not only for Denmark proper, but nearly identical magazines are being published simultaneously every week for all the Nordic countries, Germany (see below), and since the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, Eastern Europe. The Danish company started publishing their own series in the early 1960s. Most of Egmont's content has come from several outside sources: reprints of classic Carl Barks stories, reprinted Barks-style stories from the Netherlands, American artist/writers such as Don Rosa and William Van Horn, and the outsourced production of art for Egmont's scripts from Barks-style artists' studios, such as Vicar in Chile, Daniel Branca in Argentina and several studios in Spain. Italian stories are often featured in digest formatted pocket books.

Artists from Denmark include Freddy Milton (penname of Fredy Milton Larsen), who worked for the Dutch studio with Daan Jippes, and Flemming Andersen who draws in a personalized version of the Italian Disney style. In addition to Donald Duck stories, Freddy Milton has utilized his highly Barks-reminiscent style for other series that he has written and drawn, including Woody Woodpecker, his own series, Gnuff, and several titles involving a human character named Villiams Verden. The Scandinavian countries are among those in which Donald Duck is more popular than Mickey Mouse. Prolific Danish writers include Lars Jensen, Maya Åstrup, Tom Anderson and Gorm Transgaard (Jensen created Scrooge's opponent Velma Vanderduck, amongst other characters).

Disney titles published in Denmark include:

  • Anders And & Co. [da] (Donald Duck & Co.) (1949-on): The flagship magazine launched in March 1949 as a monthly, which became bi-weekly in 1956, and weekly in 1958. The weekly publishes new Disney stories produced by Egmont.[71]
  • Solo-hæfte [da] (One-Shots) (1953-1956): A series of "one-shot" comics, similar to Dell's Four Color magazine in the US. This reprinted a lot of the 1940s-50s US material.[72]
  • Walt Disney's månedshæfte [da] (Walt Disney's Monthly Issue) (1967-1970): Another series reprinting a range of American stories.[73]
  • Jumbobog (1968-on): The popular pocket book format was launched in Denmark in 1968, and translated/distributed in many other European countries. This is a 250-page monthly paperback that publishes mostly Italian stories, as well as new stories produced for Egmont.
  • Anders And Ekstra (1977-2014): A monthly magazine launched in 1977, which used to publish new extra-long stories, but then moved to mostly reprints.[74]

Sweden

Main article: Kalle Anka & C:o

Sweden was the first Scandinavian country to publish a Disney comic book—the flagship comic Kalle Anka & C:o (Donald Duck & Co), which started in September 1948. The comic began as a monthly, became bimonthly in 1957, and then a weekly magazine in July 1959. The comic is now identical to Anders And & C:o from Denmark and Donald Duck & C:o from Norway. All are published by the Scandinavian corporate group founded in 1878 as Gutenberghus; the name changed to Egmont in 1992. The Finnish Aku Ankka is published separately, but is largely the same.

In the 1950s, Swedish Disney comics reprinted existing material from America, both in Kalle Anka & C:o and a monthly series, Walt Disney's serier (Walt Disney's Comics). When the supply of American comics started to dry up in the 1960s, Denmark's publishing house Gutenberghus began producing original series, followed by Italy's Mondadori and Disney's own "Disney Studio" program. The pocket book Kalle Anka's Pocket was introduced in 1968, and is still running today. A second pocket book, Farbror Joakim (Uncle Scrooge) was added in 1976. In 1980, Musse Pigg & C:o (Mickey Mouse & Co) was added as a monthly comic, and it continues as a bimonthly. Other current titles are Kalle Anka Extra and Kalle Anka Junior.

Per Erik Hedman is a prolific writer from Sweden, and artist Tony Cronstam draws in a Carl Barks style. Editor/writer Stefan Printz-Påhlson wrote a time machine series with fellow editor/writer Lars Bergström; the former also created the reoccurring stone age character, Princess Oona. Per Starbäck compiled Disney comic book indexes into the Disney Comics Mailing List, expanded by Dutch programmer Harry Fluks into the online database, Inducks.

Finland

Thanks to a multitalented editor, Markku Kivekäs, who was also a skilled translator, essayist and restorationist, comic book stories about Donald Duck, along with the work of Carl Barks, became extremely popular in Finland, more so than in any other country in the world (per capita), and are accepted as part of the mainstream culture. It was estimated in 2002, that a quarter of the population of Finland was reading the Donald Duck magazine, Aku Ankka. [75] Like the Netherlands, Finland publishes their own Disney comics apart from Egmont. Cameos of local celebrities are common. Kari Korhonen has mostly drawn in a Barksian style and also writes some of the stories he illustrates. Songwriter Tuomas Holopainen has written and composed a Scrooge McDuck comic book soundtrack that went Gold, Music Inspired by the Life and Times of Scrooge.

Norway

Norway has the comic "Donald Duck & Co, which started back in 1948 and is still active. There are several pocket books, amongst them being Donald Pocket from 1968 to the present day. Mickey Mouse also had a comic, specifically Mikke Mus månedshefte (Mickey Mouse monthly booklet) which lasted from 1980 until 2009.

Arild Midthun is a Norwegian artist who works in a Barksian style. He has written some of the stories that he has drawn, as well as illustrating stories by other Norwegian writers. Midthun has created popular stories about Viking history, and about Scrooge's days in the Klondike gold rush. Carl Barks books, clubs and fanzines first appeared in Norway, the home of Donaldism, a Disney comics fandom movement founded by analyst Jon Gisle (1st fanzine, 1973; 1st club, 1975).

Italy

The first Italian Disney comics were published in the early 1930s, and Federico Pedrocchi wrote and illustrated the first Italian Donald Duck adventure comic as early as 1937—a story called "Paolino Paperino e il mistero di Marte" ("Donald Duck and the Secret of Mars") in the weekly paper Paperino e altre avventure (Donald Duck and Other Adventures).

Italy is the country of origin for some of the most famous Disney comic authors, including Guido Martina, Luciano Bottaro, Giovan Battista Carpi, Romano Scarpa, Carlo Chendi, Giorgio Cavazzano, Marco Rota and Silvia Ziche. Italy has introduced several new characters to the Disney universe, including Donald's superhero alter ego Duck Avenger (original name Paperinik), created in 1969. Production has been handled by Nerbini (1932–1937), Mondadori (1937–1988), Disney Italy (1988–2013) and Panini Comics (2013–present).

Topolino is the main Italian Disney publication, and its first incarnation was a weekly newspaper published from 1932 to 1949, for a total of 738 issues. In 1949, Topolino switched to a digest-sized format and its numbering restarted at #1: originally a monthly, it became a biweekly in 1952 and a weekly in 1960. The second incarnation of Topolino reached its 3000th issue in 2013. At first, Topolino alternated between translations of foreign stories and original stories produced by Italian authors, however since the early 1990s foreign stories have mostly disappeared from it. The number of Disney stories produced and published in Italy is far larger than in the US. Italian stories are regularly translated in other European languages (e.g., German, French, English, Greek).

Italy's digest-sized format has been adopted by many other countries in the long running Donald Duck pocket book series.

In the late 1990s, Disney Italy launched several new lines, including PKNA - Paperinik New Adventures (a comic book version of Paperinik aimed at a slightly older audience), MM Mickey Mouse Mystery Magazine (a noir series starring Mickey Mouse as detective), Wizards of Mickey, DoubleDuck, and W.I.T.C.H., plus the comics published under the imprint Buena Vista Comics (including the original Monster Allergy comic series and a few other titles, such as Kylion and a comic inspired by the Alias TV show).

The Disney comics published in Italy include:

Netherlands

The Netherlands (current publisher: Sanoma) has a significant school of Disney comics. The first Dutch Disney comics appeared in 1953. In 1975, Daan Jippes became the art director for production of these comics, and created a heavily Barks-inspired line that remains the best-known Dutch Disney style. Donald Duck is the most popular Disney character in the Netherlands, but Sanoma also produces comics starring lesser-known characters such as Li'l Bad Wolf. Other productive Dutch artists who have worked in a Barksian style include (alphabetically) Mark De Jonge, Sander Gulien, brothers Bas and Mau Heymans and Ben Verhagen. Freddy Milton from Denmark also worked with Jippes as a team for both scripts and art. Wilma Van Den Bosch produced art for a Dutch Daisy Duck title. Frank Jonker and Jan Kruse, among others, have provided scripts.

The Disney comics published in the Netherlands include:

  • Donald Duck Weekblad (1952-on), the flagship weekly magazine, first published on October 25, 1952. The magazine was originally published by the staff of the women's magazine Margriet, and every Margriet subscriber received the first issue for free.[76] The comic is mainly aimed at younger children, and includes a letters page from readers.[77] In 2019, the magazine reached its 3,500th issue.
  • Donald Duck Pocket (1970-on), a 250-page pocket book that prints mostly comics from Italy, featuring characters that don't usually appear in Dutch comics, like Superdonald/Fantomerik, Otto von Drakenstein, John Rockerduck, Brigitta, Indiana Goofy and DD Dubbelduck. This became a monthly publication in 2006. These books are the same pocket books published by Egmont in the Netherlands.[78]
  • Donald Duck Extra [nl] (1982-on), a monthly magazine featuring longer or more unusual stories. Don Rosa's "Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck" stories ran in the Extra, as did William Van Horn and Marco Rota stories. The magazine started in February 1982 as Stripgoed, but changed to Donald Duck Extra with issue #37.[79]
  • Donald Duck Dubbelpocket [nl] (1996-on), a 500-page pocket book that's twice as large as the regular Donald Duck Pocket book. Originally published twice a year, the book was increased to four times a year in 2006.[80]
  • Katrien [nl] (1999-on), a monthly magazine for girls aged 8–12, starring Katrien (Daisy Duck) and her three nieces Lizzy, Juultje and Babetje (April, May and June). The comic first appeared on July 19, 1999 as a bimonthly magazine, but became monthly in 2016.[81]
  • Donald Duck Junior [nl] (2008-on), a biweekly version of Donald Duck for younger readers, with shorter stories and bigger print.[82]
  • Disney Premium [nl] (2016-on), a special pocket book published five times a year. Each issue prints (or reprints) stories featuring one of four series: Superdonald, Mickey's Mysteries, Darkwing Duck and DubbleDuck. These are generally darker, action-oriented stories about Mickey and Donald as detectives, superheroes and secret agents.[83]

While the Donald Duck comics thrive in the Netherlands, the audience for Mickey Mouse has been relatively weak. A monthly magazine, Mickey Maandblad, was published in several formats from 1976 to 1989, finally dropped for lack of sales.[84]

Dutch programmer Harry Fluks created the online Disney Comics Database, Inducks (launched 1994), expanded from the Disney Comics Mailing List based in Sweden.

Germany

Mickey Mouse was a famous film character in Germany since his first appearance in 1929, and a few comic strips were printed in some German newspapers (e.g. the Kölner Illustrierte Zeitung). In 1937, the Swiss Micky Maus Zeitung was published in German by Bollmann.

By 1948, the Danish magazine publisher Egmont (then called Gutenberghus) secured a license to print Disney comics in Scandinavia. In September 1951, Ehapa Verlag in Stuttgart, West Germany, a subsidiary of Egmont, started the monthly publication Micky Maus, a format similar to Walt Disney's Comics & Stories. From the start, it featured stories by Carl Barks, translated by chief editor Dr. Erika Fuchs. The comic book was published on a biweekly basis 1956/57, and from 1958 on it changed into a weekly. Renamed Micky Maus Magazin, it is still published today by the Egmont Ehapa publishing company (now in Berlin) and is the longest running comic book in Germany. In its heyday (early 1990s), its weekly circulation number rose to one million copies. In spite of the name, most stories of Micky Maus feature Donald Duck, as he is the most popular Disney character in Germany.

Many other titles have been published by the company, most notably Die tollsten Geschichten von Donald Duck ('The Best stories of Donald Duck', 1965-today), the Lustige Taschenbuch ('Funny Paperback', a digest title mostly reprinting Italian pocket books; 1967-today) and many other series.

Volker Reiche and Jan Gulbransson are local artist/writers who have worked in a Carl Barks style. Gulbransson drew an 8-part series wherein Scrooge and kin visit regional German cities and wrote/drew a 4-part series set in the Alps and a story where Scrooge finances a team in the German soccer league, and many others. Barks-fan Volker Reiche wrote and drew a batch of stories in his signature scruffy version of Barks' 1940s style. A popular graphic novel adventure series, Tales From Uncle Scrooge's Treasure Chest was conceptualized, plotted and produced by Ehapa editor Adolf Kabatek. Although the art was outsourced, in was made sure to be in a Barksian style. Ulrich Schröder relocated to Paris to become the art director of Disney Publishing Worldwide, the company's European headquarters, and has produced comic covers, story and editorial art for Disney comics in Germany and France. Schröder has worked with Dutch artist Daan Jippes.

Austrian abstract artist Gottfried Helnwein held a Barks comic art touring exhibition in Germany, that along with a similar exhibit that was being shown at the time, was seen by over half a million people (over 400,000 and over 100,000, respectively). Erika Fuchs' translation work was highly influential, and she incorporated many aspects of German culture into her translations. Many of her 'Fuchisms' have become part of the German language. The Donaldist group, D.O.N.A.L.D. claims to be the preservers of the non-commercial original Donaldism and even hold congresses, knight contributors to children's literature and infiltrate conservative newspaper columns (that members contribute) with Fuchisms.

Some of the Disney comics from Germany include:

  • Micky Maus (main title, 1951-on)
  • Die tollsten Geschichten von Donald Duck – Sonderheft [de] (The Best Stories of Donald Duck, 1965-on)
  • Lustiges Taschenbuch ('Funny Paperback' pocket book, 1967-on)
  • Lustiges Tachenbuch Classic! Die Comics von Carl Barks (Funny Paparback - Classic! The Comics of Carl Barks, 2019-on) [85]

France

French-produced stories started in 1952, as a one-pager comic published in each issue of Le Journal de Mickey, drawn by Louis Santel (Tenas) and written by Pierre Fallot. After a few issues, a new series started (Mickey à travers les siècles) and continued up to 1978, drawn almost entirely by Pierre Nicolas and written by Fallot and Jean-Michel le Corfec.

Later in the beginning of the 1980s, a new production started, led by Patrice Valli and Pierre Nicolas as editors with adventures of Mickey Mouse, Uncle Scrooge, Donald Duck. Among the best artists, one recalls Claude Marin, or Claude Chebille (known as Gen-Clo), and Italian artists like Giorgio Cavazzano. Some of the best writers were Michel Motti and Pierre-Yves Gabrion. In the late 1980s up to now, an increasing number of Spanish artist from the Comicup studio provided the art, while the writing stayed to French authors.

Disney comics published in France include:

  • Le Journal de Mickey (1934-on): created in October 1934 (with a break in publication from 1945 to 1952), the weekly Le Journal de Mickey is a cultural institution in France.[86]
  • Mickey Parade Géant [fr] (1966-1979, 1980-on): The first version of Mickey Parade was originally an extra supplement to Le Journal de Mickey, published irregularly by Edi-Monde. It became quarterly in 1968, and transitioned to a bimonthly comic. Edi-Monde ceased publication of Mickey Parade in 1979. In 1980, the magazine was reintroduced as a monthly by Hachette Media, who restarted the numbering. In January 2002, with issue #265, the comic became Mickey Parade Géant—a larger, thicker paperback, published bimonthly.
  • Picsou Magazine (1972-on): A best-selling monthly children's magazine that includes comics about Uncle Scrooge (Picsou in French) along with video game reviews and information on new movies.[87] In 2018, the magazine went bimonthly.

Spain

The original flagship comic was Dumbo (aka Colleción Dumbo Historietas Comicas de Walt Disney), which was published by Ediciones Recreativas S.A. (ERSA) from 1947 to 1965. Initially bimonthly, Dumbo increased frequency to approximately 40 issues a year, and the comic ran for 527 issues. Starting October 1965, ERSA rebooted with a second version of Dumbo, published monthly. The second series ran for 144 issues, until December 1976. A third series of Dumbo, published in 46 issues by Montena from July 1978 to April 1982, was released as monthly hardbound books (originally 100 pages, then dropping to 68 pages).

ESRA also published a large-format 16-page bimonthly magazine, Pato Donald, which lasted from 1965 to April 1966. ESRA rebooted with a second version of Pato Donald in May 1966, now a 36-page weekly. The second Pato Donald ran for 231 issues, until December 1975. Montena also published the weekly Don Miki for 638 issues, from October 1976 to December 1988, and Don Donald for 136 issues, from 1979 to 1985.

In September 1989, Primavera began publishing Mickey and Pato Donald; Mickey lasted for 17 issues until January 1991, and Pato Donald for 46 issues until June 1992. RBA tried to revive the line in 2002, publishing 22 issues of Mickey and 4 issues of Pato Donald.

Several comic studios in Spain produced story art for Disney comic scripts. Some artists became independent, such as Paco Rodriguez, who utilizes Daniel Branca's Barksian style.

Greece

The weekly Miky Maous (Μίκυ Μάους) comic was first published on July 1, 1966 and remained in print for more than 45 years, eventually being ended by struggling publisher Nea Aktina A. E. on September 6, 2013 with issue #2460-61.[88] In 2014, the title was relaunched by Kathimerini, starting the numbering again from #1.[89]

Belgium

Louis Santel (Ténas) created new material in the 1950s.

Yugoslavia

Vlastimir Belkić produced original content in the 1930s.

Latin America

Brazil

The first Mickey Mouse stories were published in Brazil in 1930, in the comics anthology O Tico Tico, under the name Ratinho Curioso (the Curious Mouse). The magazine reprinted US comic strips by Floyd Gottfredson.[90]

In Brazil, through the publisher Abril, national stories have been published since the 1950s, with artists like Jorge Kato inspired by Carl Barks. In the 1960s and 1970s, Renato Canini drew a number of stories in a style inspired by the popular abstract design of the era. He also developed a universe around José Carioca, a very popular character in Brazil. Abril increased production in the 1970s and 1980s. Except for José Carioca, recurring characters included Daisy (turned feminist) and Fethry Duck. Among the most prolific authors, were the writer Arthur Faria Jr. and the artist Irineu Soares Rodriguez. Brazil is also known to have retained many "obscure" characters, largely forgotten elsewhere, besides Portugal. "O Pato Donald" (The Donald Duck) was initially published in comic book format, then from issue #22 began to be published in digest-sized format.[91]

At the end of the 1990s, the Brazilian production ceased, and then restarted for a short while in the 2000s. After an absence of almost 10 years, with just a few special events stories, production again started up at the end of 2012. During the 2010s Abril was also responsible for publishing Disney's manga in Brazil (some unpublished in other countries outside Japan), including titles like Kingdom Hearts,[92] Big Hero 6, Kilala Princess, Stitch!, Miriya and Marie, Star Wars and others.

Disney comics were published by Editora Abril since 1950, but the company stopped publishing them in 2018, facing financial difficulties.[93] The next year, however, the comics returned through the publisher Culturama.[94][95] José Carioca's title was not continued by Culturama, but new stories returned in September, 2020, in the comic book Aventuras Disney.[96]

The best-known titles include:

  • Pato Donald [pt] (1950-2018; 2019-on); 1st series, 2481 issues
  • Mickey (1952-2018; 2019-on); 1st series, 911 issues
  • Zé Carioca (1961-2018); 1st series, 2446 issues
  • Tio Patinhas (Uncle Scrooge) (1963-2018; 2019-on); 1st series, 637 issues
  • Pateta (Goofy) (1982-1984; 2004-2007; 2011–2018; 2019-on); 1st series, 56 issues; 2nd, 26 issues; 3rd, 87 issues
  • Peninha (Fethry Duck) (1982-1984; 2004-2007); 1st series, 56 issues; 2nd, 19 issues
  • Margarida (Daisy Duck) (1986-1997; 2004-7); 1st series, 257 issues; 2nd, 25 issues
  • Urtigão (Hard Haid Moe) (1987-1994; 2006); 1st series, 169 issues; 2nd, 6 issues
  • Minnie (2004-2006; 2011-2018); 1st series, 29 issues; 2nd, 81 issues

Argentina

Luis Destuet was an early artist in the 1940s (Some stories were reprinted in brazil and Italy). Around the turn of the decade, Destuet moved to Brazil and started production there by training new artists. In the 1980s, Daniel Branca set up a prolific and influential story art production studio, influenced by Daan Jippes to create expressive artwork in Carl Barks' 1950s style.

Chile

The pre-war "Álbum Mickey" series contained various short strips that were possibly locally produced, according to Inducks, as well as some Zorro stories in the 1970s. Vicar set up a prolific Carl Barks style story art production studio in the 1970s.

Australia, Africa and Asia

Australia

The main Australian publisher was W.G. Publications (Wogan Publications from 1974). A number of series reflecting equivalents in the U.S. included Mickey Mouse[97] and Donald Duck.[98] The most significant series, however, are Walt Disney Comics (1946-1978);[99] and the "Giant" (1951 to 1978).[100]

Walt Disney Comics mixed and matched covers and stories from its sister U.S. publication, rather than just reprinting them. The "Giant" presented selections from various U.S. series, from film promotions such as Robin Hood to Uncle Scrooge, Beagle Boys and Junior Woodchucks. In some cases these were mere reprints. In others, an extra story was added to increase the page count; for instance, W MM 97-04 "Par for the Course", in No. 570 The Beagle Boys.[101]

This practice of adding an extra story to an issue otherwise identical the U.S. one is common elsewhere; as an example, in the "Film Preview Series", the first Robin Hood issue has W OS 1055-03 "The Double Date" added.[102]

Egypt

Mickey Mouse was introduced to the Arab world through a comic book called Samir, which published Samir Presents Mickey #1 in April 1958. This series published 24 issues in 1958 and 1959.[103] Mickey proved very popular in Egypt, and in 1959 he got a weekly comic book, ميكي (Mickey).[104] After 44 years of publication, the publisher Dar-Al-Hilal stopped publication in 2003, after disputes with Disney (The last issue being #2188, published in March, 2003).[105]

In 2004, publisher Nahdat Masr acquired the Disney license, and the first issues were sold out in less than 8 hours.[106] The new version of Mickey published issue #0 in December, 2003, and issue #1 in December 2004. As of 2018, the magazine had reached more than 700 issues.[107] Besides the publication of the weekly magazine, two monthly magazines are published: مجلد سوبر ميكى (SuperMickey) and Mickey Geib "Pocket Mickey" (a pocket sized magazine).

In the 60s and 70s, original material was created (in Egyptian Arabic), most notably by Ahmed Hijazi, a folk-style artist.

Japan

Many Disney comics - originally by American or European authors such as Carl Barks, Joaquín Cañizares Sanchez or Flemming Andersen - have been entirely re-drawn by Japanese artists for local publication. The Italian manga-inspired series, W.I.T.C.H., was submitted to the same kind of treatment, giving birth to a Japanese-exclusive adaptation with art by Haruko Iida and published by Kadokawa Shoten.

Japan also produced completely original Disney material, such as the manga adaptation of the videogame Kingdom Hearts by Shiro Amano, published by Bros Comics EX (and later translated in English by Tokyopop) and Jun Asaga's adaptation of Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas (originally published by Kodansha, English version by Disney Press).

Vietnam

Donald và bạn hữu (Vietnamese for "Donald and friends") is a bilingual weekly Disney comics magazine in Vietnamese and English published by Tre Publishing House in co-operation with The Saigon Times under license from the Walt Disney Company since 1998.

India

On December 8, 2010, DPW's India unit signed a multi-year contract with India Today Group to print and distribute Disney comics in India.[108]

Story codes

Starting in the 1970s, as production of new Disney comics stories moved from a mostly-centralized American publishing program to a group of international publishers sharing work, it became a practice to give each Disney comics story a unique letter-number code. This helps to identify a single story across language translations.

The code is usually printed at the bottom of the story's first panel, and it consists of one or more letters, representing the publisher or country of origin, followed by a multi-digit number. In some cases, the code ends with another letter.

The main publishers are:

Story code prefix Producer
AR Another Rainbow (aka Gladstone), USA
B Abril (Brazil)
D Egmont (Denmark)
E Disney Europe (France)
F Disney-Hachette (France)
G Ehapa (Germany)
H Oberon (Holland)
I Mondadori, Disney Italy, Panini Comics (Italy)
K Disney Comics (USA)
M Marvel Comics (USA)
S Disney Studios (USA, for European market)
W Western Publishing (USA)

When a licensee decides they wish to reprint stories originally produced by another licensee and need films or other reproducible materials to facilitate said reprinting, the request is made making reference to the story code. It's Disney policy that all licensees must cooperate in the facilitating of such reprinting by providing the reproducible materials at cost. The codes are also a useful tool for indexers, especially those wishing to keep track of the diverse output of the various Disney comics publishers worldwide through the Inducks database.

I.N.D.U.C.K.S. Database

I.N.D.U.C.K.S. is a freely available database aiming to index all Disney comics ever printed in the world. The project started in 1992 and was launched in 1994. Today, the database lists Disney publications, stories, characters, authors, international publication of stories and much more. Most people use the I.N.D.U.C.K.S. through a search engine, browser and website abbreviated COA, which is daily updated based on I.N.D.U.C.K.S. data, and is available in a dozen languages.

Criticism

With their international success, Disney comics were targeted by Communist propaganda, in the publication, How to Read Donald Duck: Imperialist Ideology in the Disney Comic, by activist Ariel Dorfman and sociologist Armand Mattelart. The book proposed that the comics represent the selling of American Capitalist ideology to a global market. The title was published in Chile in 1971, but was subject to book burning by the Augusto Pinochet regime, and importation into the US was prohibited.[109][110]

Notable artists and writers

Argentina

  • Daniel Branca (1951–2005) influential Barks-style artist and studio director
  • Luis Destuet (?) early artist in Argentina and Brazil
  • Jaime Diaz [fi] (1937–2009) studio director
  • Wanda Gattino [es] (b.1969) Branca's protégé

Belgium

  • Ténas [fr] (1926–2012) cover artist

Brazil

Chile

Denmark

Egypt

Finland

France

  • Bernard Cosey [fr] (b.1950) Gottfredson-style artist/writer (b.Switzerland)
  • Pierre Nicolas [fr] (1921–1990) Gottfredson-style artist and studio director
  • Régis Loisel (b.1951) Gottfredson-style artist/writer
  • Claude Marin (1931–2001) editorial artist; also drew many Disney Babies [fr] comic pages w/ Gen-Clo (b.Algiers) and Bélom [fr], as well as other stories
  • Thierry Martin [fr] (born 1966) Gottfredson-style artist (b.Lebanon)

Germany

  • Erika Fuchs (1906–2005) influential Barks translator
  • Jan Gulbransson [de] (b.1949) Barks-style artist/writer
  • Adolf Kabatek [de] (1931–1997) produced a popular series of Barks-style Scrooge McDuck graphic novels, Tales From Uncle Scrooge's Treasure Chest (b.Czech)
  • Volker Reiche [de] (b.1944) Barks-style artist/writer
  • Ulrich Schröder [de] (b.1964) artist and studio director

Italy

Japan

Netherlands

  • Mark De Jonge (b.1950) Barks-style artist
  • Sander Gulien [nl] (b.1974) Barks-style artist
  • Mau Heymans (b.1961) Barks-style artist (bro: Bas [nl])
  • Daan Jippes (b.1945) influential Barks-style artist/writer and studio director; popularized the replication of Barks' art style for Disney comics; redrew stories Barks only wrote and several of his unfinished scripts
  • Frank Jonker [nl] (b.1965) prolific writer (& Jan Kruse)
  • Endre Lukács (1906–2001) cover artist (b.Hungary)
  • Michel Nadorp (b.1960) Barks-style cover artist
  • Wilma Van Den Bosch [fi] (b.1956) Daisy Duck artist; editorial/cover artist (b.Canada)
  • Ben Verhagen [nl] (b.1949) Barks-style artist

Norway

Spain

  • César Ferioli (b.1959) multi-style artist
  • Gil Bao [es] (1915–?) multi-style artist
  • Miquel Pujol [ca] (b.1951) multi-style artist
  • Paco Rodriguez [fi] (b.1967) Barks-style artist

Sweden

United Kingdom

  • Paul Halas [de] (b.1949) prolific writer
  • Sarah Jolley (b.?) popular webcomic creator; Gladstone Gander & Magica De Spell artist/writer
  • Ronald Nielsen (1920–2005) painting-style artist
  • Gail Renard (b.1953) prolific writer (b.Canada)
  • Jack Sutter (b.1938) prolific writer
  • William Ward [it] (1887–1958) early artist/writer; created the 1st Donald Duck comic book story

United States

Yugoslavia

  • Vlastimir Belkić [sr] (1896–1946) Gottfredson-style artist

American writers for overseas publication

  • Patrick Block (b.1958) writer for Egmont w/ wife Shelly
  • Greg Crosby (b.1948) writer of Studio stories and newspaper strips; managed the US comic strips in the 1980s
  • David Gerstein (b.1974) writer for Egmont; US editor/translator
  • Joel Katz (b.1945) prolific writer for Egmont
  • Dick Kinney (1916–1985) prolific writer of Studio stories
  • Sarah Kinney (b.?) prolific writer for Egmont; married to Stefan Petrucha
  • John Lustig (b.1953) writer for Egmont; completed unfinished scripts by Carl Barks
  • Don Markstein (1947–2012) writer for Egmont; US fandom editor/essayist
  • Pat McGreal [fi] (1953–2021) prolific writer for Egmont w/ wife Carol [fi]
  • Ed Nofziger (1913–2000) prolific writer of Studio stories
  • Stefan Petrucha (b.1959) prolific writer for Egmont; married to Sarah Kinney
  • Jerry Siegel (1914–1996) prolific writer for Mondadori

Other notables

See also

References

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Further reading

  • Frank Reilly, "The Walt Disney Comic Strips," Cartoonist PROfiles #1 (Winter 1969), pp.14-18; an early article.
  • Note: comics-related magazines and fanzines from around the world have featured many articles and interviews.

External links

  • I.N.D.U.C.K.S. - the Disney comics database
  • Disney comic artists in the Comiclopedia
  • Disney Comics Worldwide
  • Overview of Disney Christmas strips

May 29, 2023
disney, comics, this, article, about, comics, featuring, disney, characters, publisher, disney, comics, publishing, comic, books, comic, strips, featuring, characters, created, walt, disney, company, including, mickey, mouse, donald, duck, uncle, scrooge, firs. This article is about comics featuring Disney characters For the publisher see Disney Comics publishing Disney comics are comic books and comic strips featuring characters created by the Walt Disney Company including Mickey Mouse Donald Duck and Uncle Scrooge The first Disney comics were newspaper strips appearing from 1930 on starting with the Mickey Mouse comic strip Mickey Mouse Magazine the first American newsstand publication with Disney comics launched in 1935 In 1940 Western Publishing launched the long running flagship comic book Walt Disney s Comics and Stories which reached 750 issues in September 2019 1 Uncle Scrooge launched in 1952 reached issue 450 in June 2019 2 In recent decades Disney comics have seen a decline of popularity in the US In the rest of the world Disney comics have remained very successful especially in Europe where weekly Disney comics magazines and monthly paperback digests are national best sellers Contents 1 United States Comic strips 1 1 Mickey Mouse 1 2 Silly Symphony 1 3 Donald Duck 1 4 Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br er Rabbit 1 5 Walt Disney s Treasury of Classic Tales 1 6 Scamp 1 7 Disney Christmas Story 1 8 Winnie the Pooh 1 9 More comic strips 2 United States Comic books 2 1 Mickey Mouse Magazine 2 2 Walt Disney s Comics and Stories 2 3 Four Color 2 4 Donald Duck 2 5 Mickey Mouse 2 6 Dell Giants 2 7 Uncle Scrooge 2 8 Gold Key Whitman era 2 9 Disney Studio Program 2 10 Revivals 2 11 Disney Afternoon comics 2 12 More comic books 3 Europe 3 1 United Kingdom 3 2 Scandinavia 3 2 1 Denmark 3 2 2 Sweden 3 2 3 Finland 3 2 4 Norway 3 3 Italy 3 4 Netherlands 3 5 Germany 3 6 France 3 7 Spain 3 8 Greece 3 9 Belgium 3 10 Yugoslavia 4 Latin America 4 1 Brazil 4 2 Argentina 4 3 Chile 5 Australia Africa and Asia 5 1 Australia 5 2 Egypt 5 3 Japan 5 4 Vietnam 5 5 India 6 Story codes 7 I N D U C K S Database 8 Criticism 9 Notable artists and writers 10 American writers for overseas publication 11 Other notables 12 See also 13 References 14 Further reading 15 External linksUnited States Comic strips EditThe first Disney comics appeared in daily newspapers syndicated by King Features with production done in house by a Disney comic strip department at the studio Initially Floyd Gottfredson along with his responsibilities for the Mickey Mouse comic strip oversaw the Disney comic strip department from 1930 to 1945 then Frank Reilly was brought in to administer the burgeoning department from January 1946 to 1975 Greg Crosby headed the department from 1979 to 1989 Mickey Mouse Edit Main article Mickey Mouse comic strip The Mickey Mouse daily comic strip began on January 13 1930 3 featuring Mickey as an optimistic adventure seeking young mouse It was initially written by Walt Disney with art by Ub Iwerks and Win Smith Beginning with the May 5 1930 installment the art chores were taken up by Floyd Gottfredson often aided by various inkers who also either wrote or supervised the story continuities relying on various writers to flesh out his plots Gottfredson continued with the strip until 1975 By 1931 the Mickey Mouse strip was published in 60 newspapers in the US as well as papers in twenty other countries 4 From the beginning the strips were parts of long continuing stories These introduced characters such as the Phantom Blot Eega Beeva and the Bat Bandit which Gottfredson created Disney created Eli Squinch Mickey s nephews Morty and Ferdie Fieldmouse and Sylvester Shyster which were also introduced in the comic 5 Starting in the 1950s Gottfredson and writer Bill Walsh were instructed to drop the storylines and do only daily gags 6 Gottfredson continued illustrating the daily strip until he retired on October 1 1975 5 After Gottfredson retired the strip was written and drawn by many other creators The Sunday page went into reprints in February 1992 and the daily strip ended on July 29 1995 3 In 2011 Fantagraphics Books began the Walt Disney s Mickey Mouse series a hardback collection of Gottfredson s run on the strip A total of 14 volumes were published between 2011 and 2018 collecting the entirety of Gottfredson s Sunday color work two volumes and all of his serialized story themed daily strips 12 volumes The collection doesn t include any of Gottfredson s gag oriented material from 1955 onwards Silly Symphony Edit Main article Silly Symphony comic strip The Sunday Mickey Mouse strip started on January 10 1932 with a topper Silly Symphony strip 7 Silly Symphony initially related the adventures of Bucky Bug the first Disney character to originate in the comics 8 It went on to print more adaptations of Silly Symphony shorts often using the characters and setting of the original shorts but adding new plotlines and incidents It also went on to print adaptations of the feature films as well as periods of gag strips featuring Donald Duck and Pluto By late 1935 the strip was a standalone half page not strictly a topper for the Mickey Sunday The strip was initially titled Silly Symphonies after two years the name was changed to Silly Symphony The switch happened in the February 18 1934 strip just three weeks before Bucky Bug would be replaced with a new storyline Birds of a Feather 9 The complete rundown of Silly Symphony strips from 1932 to 1945 10 Bucky Bug Jan 10 1932 March 4 1934 Birds of a Feather March 11 June 17 1934 Penguin Isle July 1 Sept 9 1934 The Wise Little Hen Sept 16 Dec 16 1934 The Boarding School Mystery Dec 23 1934 Feb 17 1935 The Robber Kitten Feb 24 April 21 1935 Cookieland April 28 July 21 1935 Three Little Kittens July 28 Oct 20 1935 The Life and Adventures of Elmer the Elephant Oct 27 1935 Jan 12 1936 The Further Adventures of the Three Little Pigs Jan 19 Aug 23 1936 Donald Duck Aug 30 1936 Dec 5 1937 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Dec 12 1937 April 24 1938 The Practical Pig May 1 Aug 7 1938 Mother Pluto Aug 14 Oct 16 1938 Farmyard Symphony Oct 23 Nov 27 1938 Timid Elmer Dec 4 1938 Feb 12 1939 Pluto the Pup Feb 19 March 19 1939 The Ugly Duckling March 26 April 16 1939 Pluto the Pup April 23 Dec 17 1939 Pinocchio Dec 24 1939 April 7 1940 Pluto the Pup April 14 Nov 3 1940 Little Hiawatha Nov 10 1940 July 12 1942 Bambi July 19 Oct 4 1942 Jose Carioca Oct 11 1942 Oct 1 1944 Panchito Oct 8 1944 Oct 7 1945 The Silly Symphony Sunday strip ended on October 7 1945 and was replaced by Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br er Rabbit Three of the Silly Symphony stories inspired long running features in Walt Disney s Comics and Stories Original Bucky Bug stories first appeared in issue 39 Dec 1943 and appeared every month for seven years wrapping up with issue 120 Sept 1950 The Three Little Pigs feature inspired the creation of Li l Bad Wolf the Big Bad Wolf s errant son who wants to be friends with the Pigs Li l Bad Wolf s adventures began in issue 52 Jan 1945 and he made regular appearances until almost the end of the comic s original run issue 259 April 1962 Finally Little Hiawatha had his own monthly story for two years from issue 143 Aug 1952 to 168 September 1954 The complete strip has been reprinted in four hardcover collections Silly Symphonies The Complete Disney Classics published by IDW Publishing s Library of American Comics imprint The first volume published in 2016 includes all of the strips from Bucky Bug 1932 to Cookieland 1935 Volume 2 published in 2017 includes Three Little Kittens 1935 to Timid Elmer 1939 Volume 3 published in 2018 includes Pluto the Pup 1939 to Little Hiawatha 1942 The fourth volume published in 2019 concludes the series with Bambi 1942 through Panchito 1945 Donald Duck Edit Main article Donald Duck comic strip Donald Duck made his first comics appearance in the Silly Symphony adaptation of the 1934 Disney short The Wise Little Hen Sept 16 1934 Dec 16 1934 As Donald s popularity grew he became the star of the Silly Symphony strip for an extended run August 1936 to December 1937 11 and then got his own daily strip starting on February 7 1938 A Donald Sunday strip premiered December 10 1939 Carl Barks known to fans as The Duck Man wrote at least 20 of the strips between 1938 and 1940 12 Donald Duck ran until May 2005 when it went into reprints 12 Starting in 2015 IDW Publishing s Library of American Comics imprint has been publishing hardcover collections of the Donald Duck strip As of 2019 five volumes of Donald Duck The Complete Daily Newspaper Comics and two volumes of Donald Duck The Complete Sunday Comics have been released Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br er Rabbit Edit Main article Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br er Rabbit Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br er Rabbit was launched as a Sunday strip on October 14 1945 as a preview of the upcoming 1946 film Song of the South The Uncle Remus strip began like Silly Symphony as a topper for the Mickey Mouse strip but after the first few years almost always appeared on its own 13 The previous comic strip adaptations of Disney films lasted for four or five months but the Uncle Remus strip continued for almost thirty years telling new stories of Br er Rabbit and friends until the strip was discontinued on December 31 1972 14 Walt Disney s Treasury of Classic Tales Edit Main article Walt Disney s Treasury of Classic Tales In 1950 Disney distributed a limited time Sunday strip adaptations of their new animated feature Cinderella 15 and followed the next year with Alice in Wonderland 16 Judged a success the experiment was turned into an ongoing feature in 1952 Walt Disney s Treasury of Classic Tales beginning with The Story of Robin Hood The Sunday strip ran for thirty five years from July 13 1952 to February 15 1987 The animated features adapted for the strip include Peter Pan 1953 Lady and the Tramp 1955 Sleeping Beauty 1958 The Sword in the Stone 1963 and The Jungle Book 1968 Classic Tales also featured animated shorts including Lambert the Sheepish Lion 1956 and Ben and Me 1953 and featurettes like Peter amp The Wolf 1954 and Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree 1966 The 1979 80 adaptation of The Black Hole was particularly notable for featuring pencil art by comics icon Jack Kirby with Mike Royer inking Treasury of Classic Tales also adapted live action films like Old Yeller 1957 58 Swiss Family Robinson 1960 Mary Poppins 1964 and The Love Bug 1969 The strip transitioned from historical dramas like The Sword and the Rose 1953 and Kidnapped 1960 to comedies like The Shaggy Dog 1959 and The Parent Trap 1961 In 2016 IDW Publishing and their imprint The Library of American Comics LoAC began to collect all the Treasury of Classic Tales stories in a definitive hardcover reprint series 17 As of 2019 three volumes have been published reprinting all the stories from Robin Hood 1952 through In Search of the Castaways 1962 In April 2018 it was announced that due to the sales goal of the series not being met the third volume may be the last one to be published 18 19 Scamp Edit Main article Scamp comics In 1955 the animated film Lady and the Tramp inspired a new comic strip based on an adorable unnamed puppy glimpsed at the end of the movie Scamp debuted in newspapers on October 31 1955 and ran for more than 30 years ending on June 25 1988 The strip was created by Ward Greene a King Features Syndicate editor who wrote the original magazine story Happy Dan the Whistling Dog and Miss Patsy the Beautiful Spaniel which inspired the film Greene and artist Dick Moores produced the strip for eight months as a continuing story Starting in May 1956 other creators took over and the strip moved to a gag a day format Disney Christmas Story Edit Main article Disney Christmas Story Beginning in 1960 a special daily strip with a holiday theme utilizing the Disney characters was offered each year through 1987 20 21 22 It generally ran for three to four weeks with the concluding strip appearing a day or two before Christmas often promoting the latest Disney release or re release 10 These were unique in that in some cases they showcased the crossover of Disney characters that otherwise rarely interacted The tradition was revived in 1992 as Disney Holiday Story to publicize contemporary Disney feature animated films In 2017 the Christmas stories were collected in a hardback volume Disney s Christmas Classics published by IDW Publishing 23 The collection includes all of the Christmas stories except for 1986 s story based on Song of the South Winnie the Pooh Edit Main article Winnie the Pooh comic strip Disney created a Winnie the Pooh comic strip for King Features Syndicate starting June 19 1978 Based on the Disney adaptations of the characters the strip was written by Don Ferguson and drawn by Richard Moore 24 In addition to the regular cast of characters Ferguson and Moore also added a knight named Sir Brian and his worrywart dragon The strip lasted for almost ten years ending on April 2 1988 More comic strips Edit Besides the strips described above the other Disney strips distributed over the years included chronologically by start date Merry Menagerie humorous daily panel featuring anthropomorphic animals but no Disney characters Jan 13 1947 March 17 1962 25 26 27 True Life Adventures daily panel March 14 1955 February 27 1973 Mickey Mouse and His Friends pantomime aimed at an international audience gag strips featuring Mickey Minnie Goofy and Pluto September 1 1958 March 17 1962 28 Gummi Bears Sept 1 1986 April 1 1989 29 30 A proposed Roger Rabbit strip underwent development but cancellation of the sequel led King Features to pass on it 31 The Disney comic strip department closed in January 1990 The last two strips Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck continued to be supervised by King Features The Donald strip was drawn by Larry Knighton with King Features staffers writing it 32 The Donald strip was discontinued in the mid 1990s In this period the Mickey strip had Floyd Norman as the writer and art rotating between Rick Hoover and Alex Howell Norman convinced the syndicate to allow him to drop the gag a day format in favor of adventure continuities of up to four weeks much in the style of the classic Gottfredson era By 1994 the strip was running in only 30 newspapers and by mutual agreement of Disney and King Features it ended 33 Both strips continued with reprints In recent years Creators Syndicate has offered reprints of the Donald Duck Mickey Mouse and Winnie the Pooh strips as part of a classics package and posts the current strip on its site without archiving 34 Domestically the strips have 20 30 clients at any one time they also appear in many newspapers outside the United States exact number unknown 35 United States Comic books EditMickey Mouse Magazine Edit Main article Mickey Mouse Magazine Mickey Mouse Magazine 1933 1940 was the first Disney comics publication and preceded the popular 1940 anthology comic book Walt Disney s Comics and Stories There were three versions of the title two promotional giveaway magazines published from 1933 to 1935 and a newsstand magazine published from 1935 to 1940 The publication gradually evolved from a 16 page booklet of illustrated text stories and single page comic panels into a 64 page comic book featuring reprints of the Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck comic strips Walt Disney s Comics and Stories Edit Main article Walt Disney s Comics and Stories In October 1940 Western rebranded Mickey Mouse Magazine as Walt Disney s Comics and Stories an anthology comic book series featuring an assortment of Disney characters including Donald Duck Scrooge McDuck Mickey Mouse Chip n Dale Li l Bad Wolf Scamp Bucky Bug Grandma Duck Brer Rabbit Winnie the Pooh and others With more than 700 issues Walt Disney s Comics amp Stories is the longest running Disney comic book in the United States By the mid 1950s WDC amp S was the best selling comic book in America with a circulation hovering around three million a month with the highest level reached being 3 038 000 for the Sept 1953 issue 36 It s regarded as one of the best selling comic books of all time 37 The book was originally published by Dell Comics 1940 1962 and there have been many revivals over the years continuing the same legacy numbering The revivals have been published by Gold Key Comics 1962 1984 Gladstone Publishing 1986 1990 Disney Comics 1990 1993 back to Gladstone Publishing 1993 1999 Gemstone Publishing 2003 2008 Boom Studios 2009 2011 and IDW Publishing 2015 2020 where it was relaunched as Disney Comics and Stories in September 2018 Four Color Edit Main article Four Color When Walt Disney s Comics and Stories launched in 1940 as a partnership between Dell Comics and Western Publishing the comic only reprinted existing Mickey Mouse Donald Duck and Silly Symphony comic strips rather than creating original stories specifically for the comic book form This was common for comic books at the time Dell also had an anthology series Four Color which started in 1939 as a series of one shot specials each focused on a particular character In the early days Four Color mostly featured comic strip reprints of Dick Tracy Little Orphan Annie Terry and the Pirates and others 38 The first series included two issues of Disney comic strips Donald Duck strips were reprinted in issue 4 Feb 1940 39 and Gottfredson s Mickey Mouse serial Mickey Mouse Outwits the Phantom Blot was colored reformatted into comic form and released as issue 16 1941 40 In 1941 Four Color published the two earliest Disney comic book stories based on new Disney films Issue 13 featured an adaptation of The Reluctant Dragon 41 and a Dumbo adaptation was the focus of issue 17 42 Both of these stories were assembled by using a film editing machine called the Moviola and having artist Irving Tripp trace the actual frames of the film to make up each panel 43 Each issue also had additional short back up features the Reluctant Dragon issue included comic adaptations of the 1941 shorts Old MacDonald Duck and Goofy s How to Ride a Horse and Dumbo of the Circus had an illustrated text adaptation of the Donald Duck short The Village Smithy as well as some filler comic strips from Silly Symphony and Mickey Mouse The next story specifically created for Disney comic books was Pluto Saves the Ship published in Dell Comics Large Feature Comics 7 in July 1942 The story was written by Disney animators Carl Barks Jack Hannah and Nick George it was Barks first comic book work 43 Four Color relaunched with a new numbering system in 1942 and in October Dell published Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold as issue 9 of the second series This 64 page story was the first Donald Duck story drawn but not yet written by Barks Four Color went on to produce more than 1 000 issues from 1942 to 1962 and the major ongoing Disney comics series were all launched as individual issues of the Four Color series Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold eventually became the first Donald Duck comic Mickey Mouse began as issue 27 1943 and the first Uncle Scrooge comic was issue 386 March 1952 Scamp also began as a Four Color one shot with issue 703 May 1956 which turned into a series in 1958 When they each graduated to their own comic books Dell continued their numbering as if they had been part of a series all along There were many other Disney characters featured in issues of Four Color This list shows the first issue for each character 44 Bambi issue 12 1942 Thumper issue 19 1943 Bambi s Children issue 30 1943 Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs issue 49 1944 The Three Caballeros issue 71 1945 Pinocchio issue 92 Jan 1946 Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br er Rabbit issue 129 Dec 1946 Three Little Pigs issue 218 March 1949 Cinderella issue 272 April 1950 Alice in Wonderland issue 331 May 1951 Duck Album issue 353 Nov 1951 Li l Bad Wolf issue 403 June 1952 Pluto issue 429 Oct 1952 Little Hiawatha issue 439 Dec 1952 Peter Pan issue 442 Dec 1952 Goofy issue 468 May 1953 Chip n Dale issue 517 Nov 1953 Daisy Duck s Diary issue 600 Nov 1954 Lady and the Tramp issue 629 May 1955 Dumbo issue 668 Dec 1955 Jiminy Cricket issue 701 May 1956 Bongo and Lumpjaw issue 706 June 1956 Grandma Duck s Farm Friends issue 763 Jan 1957 The Adventures of Tinker Bell issue 896 April 1958 Sleeping Beauty issue 973 May 1959 Sleeping Beauty s Fairy Godmothers issue 984 April 1959 Vacation in Disneyland issue 1025 Aug 1959 Gyro Gearloose issue 1047 Nov 1959 Donald Duck Edit Main article Donald Duck American comic book Donald Duck 1942 2017 first appeared as part of the Four Color one shot series beginning in issue 9 Oct 1942 Carl Barks the first great figure among Disney comic book creators wrote all of his early long stories for the Donald Duck one shots including Donald Duck and the Mummy s Ring 1943 The Terror of the River 1946 Volcano Valley 1947 The Ghost of the Grotto 1947 Christmas on Bear Mountain 1947 The Old Castle s Secret 1948 Sheriff of Bullet Valley 1948 Lost in the Andes 1949 Voodoo Hoodoo 1949 and Luck of the North 1949 The title received its own numbering system with issue 26 1953 and ended with issue 388 June 2017 Mickey Mouse Edit Main article Mickey Mouse comic book Mickey Mouse 1943 2017 first appeared as part of the Four Color one shot series beginning in issue 27 1943 It received its own numbering system with issue 28 December 1952 and after many iterations with various publishers ended with 330 June 2017 from IDW Publishing Dell Giants Edit In 1949 Dell began a tradition of publishing occasional Disney Giants plus size comic books with more pages and a higher price The first Giant was Walt Disney s Christmas Parade 1 Nov 1949 This was a 132 page square bound comic that sold for 25 cents considerably higher than the typical 10 cent comics 45 Christmas Parade had a cover by Walt Kelly and began with a Carl Barks penned Donald Duck story Letter to Santa Christmas Parade was a success and Dell followed up the next year with Walt Disney s Vacation Parade 1 July 1950 and Christmas Parade 2 Nov 1950 Dell also introduced Bugs Bunny s Christmas Funnies in 1950 and soon all of Dell s top selling characters had regular annuals and giant issues 45 Christmas Parade ran for ten issues from 1949 to 1959 and was followed by Walt Disney s Merry Christmas Dec 1960 and Donald Duck Merry Christmas Dec 1961 Vacation Parade ran for five annual issues from 1950 to 1954 before being retitled Picnic Party from 1955 to 1957 Mickey Mouse Summer Fun 1958 Walt Disney s Summer Fun 1959 Daisy Duck and Uncle Scrooge Picnic Time 1960 and Mickey and Donald in Vacationland 1961 There were also six annual issues of Donald Duck Beach Party from 1954 to 1959 46 Dell also published nine annual issues of Silly Symphonies 1952 1959 47 When Disneyland the first Disney theme park opened in 1955 Dell celebrated with the Giant Donald Duck in Disneyland Sept 1955 and made frequent returns to the park over the next few years including Mickey Mouse in Frontierland May 1956 Mickey Mouse in Fantasyland May 1957 Uncle Scrooge Goes to Disneyland Aug 1957 Christmas in Disneyland a one time retitle of Christmas Parade Nov 1957 Donald and Mickey in Disneyland on Tom Sawyer Island May 1958 Vacation in Disneyland Aug 1958 Disneyland Birthday Party Oct 1958 and Disneyland U S A June 1960 46 There were also three annual issues of Huey Dewey and Louie Back To School in October 1959 1960 and 1961 and a number of one shot Giants including Peter Pan s Treasure Chest Jan 1953 Mickey Mouse Birthday Party Sept 1953 Mickey Mouse Club Parade Dec 1955 Mickey Mouse Almanac Dec 1957 and Daisy Duck and Uncle Scrooge Showboat Sept 1961 47 Uncle Scrooge Edit Main article Uncle Scrooge Carl Barks introduced Donald s Uncle Scrooge in the story Christmas on Bear Mountain published in Four Color 178 Dec 1947 Scrooge made regular returns to both the Donald Duck comic and Barks stories in Walt Disney s Comics and Stories over the next few years and he finally received his own title in Four Color 386 March 1952 The spin off title was very popular and by issue 4 Uncle Scrooge shed its Four Color association and became its own independent book Scrooge is one of the longest running American Disney comics books and is still presently ongoing reaching issue 450 in June 2019 The book has been produced under the aegis of several different publishers including Western Publishing initially in association with Dell Comics and later under its own subsidiary Gold Key Comics and its Whitman imprint Gladstone Publishing Disney Comics Gemstone Publishing Boom Studios and IDW Publishing and has undergone several hiatuses of varying length Despite this it has maintained the same numbering scheme throughout its six decade history with only IDW adding a secondary numbering that started at 1 48 Gold Key Whitman era Edit By the late 1950s relations between Dell and Western had become strained Former Western writer Mark Evanier states part of this was due to a small battle going on between the two companies over the ownership of properties in non licensed comics 49 In 1962 Western ended the partnership and continued their comic book line under the Gold Key Comics label Comic book historian Joe Torcivia has dubbed the mid 1960s a period of creativity for Western Publishing s Disney line not seen since its formation and never seen again 50 Western continued publishing Dell s four main titles Walt Disney s Comics and Stories starting with issue 264 Sept 1962 Mickey Mouse issue 85 Nov 1962 Donald Duck issue 85 Dec 1962 and Uncle Scrooge issue 40 Jan 1963 They also started or restarted several titles The Beagle Boys 47 issues 1964 1979 The Phantom Blot 7 issues 1964 1966 Chip n Dale 83 issues 1967 1984 Moby Duck 30 issues 1967 1978 Scamp 45 issues 1967 1979 O Malley and the Alley Cats 9 issues 1971 1974 Daisy and Donald 59 issues 1973 1984 Winnie the Pooh 33 issues 1977 1984 The Beagle Boys vs Uncle Scrooge 12 issues 1979 1980 Huey Dewey and Louie Junior Woodchucks 81 issues 1966 1984 Moby Duck 30 issues 1967 1978 Ludwig Von Drake 4 issues 1961 1962 Super Goof 74 issues 1965 1984 By the 1970s Disney comics were undergoing a steep decline in circulation with newsstand distribution discontinued in 1981 Western thereafter released its comics under the Whitman label distributing them to candy stores and other outlets in bags containing three comics and also eventually distributed them to the emerging network of comic book stores Western ceased publishing comics in 1984 Disney Studio Program Edit From 1962 to 1990 the Walt Disney Studio had a unit producing comic book stories exclusively for foreign consumption the Disney Studio Program in response to complaints of foreign comic book licensees that Western Publishing was producing fewer stories that they could reprint Many European publishers saw a great demand for Disney comics and it was a typical pattern for a company to publish a comic once a month then add regular specials then phase out the specials and publish the comic biweekly and finally turn it into a weekly magazine France s Le Journal de Mickey and the Netherlands Donald Duck Weekblad started the trend publishing weekly comics in 1952 and the others followed in the late 1950s Germany s Micky Maus turned weekly in 1957 Denmark s Anders And amp Co in 1958 Sweden s Kalle Anka amp C o in 1959 and Italy s Topolino in 1960 By the early 1960s the weeklies voracious need for material was using up the available inventory of stories George Sherman head of Disney s Publications Department at the time hired Tom Golberg to run the program 51 Sherman noted the purpose of the program was We will use new characters in our foreign comics characters that we don t have in the USA to bring out facets of existing characters and to give the stories more variety 52 Tony Strobl Cliff Voorhees Al Hubbard Paul Murry Jack Bradbury Carson Van Osten Ellis Eringer and Romano Scarpa were among the artists during its early years Carl Fallberg Floyd Norman Ed Nofziger Cecil Beard Jim Fanning Dick Kinney Diana Gabaldon and Mark Evanier were among those who at some point did scripts for it From the late 1970s on the Jaime Diaz Studios of Argentina drew most of the stories In a few instances Studio Program stories were reprinted in the United States in promotional giveaways of Gulf Oil Wonderful World of Disney in the late 1960s and Procter amp Gamble Disney Magazine in the mid 1970s Mickey and the Sleuth stories were published by Gold Key in Walt Disney Showcase 38 39 and 42 1977 1978 Besides the Sleuth other characters created for the program include Donald s cousin Fethry Duck and the hillbilly hermit Hard Haid Moe Also while Carl Barks created John D Rockerduck he used the character only in a single story Boat Buster Walt Disney s Comics and Stories 255 Dec 1961 while the program subsequently created numerous stories with the Scrooge McDuck rival and helped refine him along with stories by Brazilian and Italian Disney comic book licensees 53 Domestic printing of Studio Program stories became common starting in the late 1980s as the Disney comics published by Gladstone and Gemstone have featured them on a regular basis along with reprints from Gold Key Dell and material produced by foreign licensees This program was merged into Disney Comics and is the precursor of the comics that subsequently appeared in Disney Adventures Revivals Edit Starting in 1986 Disney comics in the United States were published by Gladstone Publishing a subsidiary of Another Rainbow Publishing dedicated solely to Carl Barks Impressed by Gladstone s unanticipated success Disney revoked their license in 1990 to publish the comics themselves by the subsidiary W D Publications Inc under the name Disney Comics 54 and a large expansion was planned However following the Disney Implosion in 1991 Disney gradually returned licensing to Gladstone again for the classic characters and Marvel Comics for the modern characters Respectively reprints of classic Barks stories were licensed to Gladstone again from 1991 while it took Gladstone until the demise of Disney Comics in 1993 to regain a license also for other stories containing the classic characters Gladstone from then on remained publishing Disney comics until 1998 In 2003 after a few years hiatus regular publication was restarted by Gemstone Publishing a reformed version of Gladstone Gemstone s two monthly Disney titles were Walt Disney s Comics and Stories and Uncle Scrooge but the license was not renewed with the last releases dated Nov 2008 55 More recently Disney licensed some of their modern properties to Slave Labor Graphics Gargoyles and BOOM Kids The Muppet Show The Incredibles and Cars Boom eventually also got the license for the classic characters 56 and began publishing comic books with them in 2009 Although cancelling two titles previously published by Gladstone and Gemstone Donald Duck Adventures and Uncle crooge Adventures Boom expanded their Disney portfolio in 2010 11 by launching three new titles based upon the 1990s Disney Afternoon TV format Darkwing Duck Chip n Dale Rescue Rangers and DuckTales However in August 2011 it was reported that Disney and Boom were to end the licensing agreement leaving the future of comics including their classic characters as well as those from the Disney Afternoon format uncertain 57 In October 2014 Comic Book Resources CBR reported that Joe Books a small new Canadian publisher founded by former BOOM vice president Adam Fortier had acquired the rights to a remastered omnibus reprint of BOOM s entire Darkwing Duck comic series that would lead into an all new on going Darkwing Duck series produced by Joe Comics 58 and in February 2015 CBR ran an interview with series artist James Silvani and series writer Aaron Sparrow on the new remastered omnibus collection published by Joe Books that month as well as their plans for the announced new series 59 As the November 2014 edition of the Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide also contained ads for Joe Books comic adaptations of two theatrical Disney features 60 61 observers have expressed rumors that Joe Books has acquired the full North American comic license to all Disney animated and live action properties 62 63 In January 2015 IDW Publishing announced on their public Facebook account that they were to start publishing all the classic characters Disney titles starting with Uncle crooge in April of that year and focussing on reprints of European Disney comics with these characters by artists such as Marco Rota and Romano Scarpa 64 The rights to North American reprints of Carl Barks and Don Rosa comics are currently 2015 held by Fantagraphics Books Disney has also begun publishing a bimonthly magazine based on Phineas and Ferb featuring comic stories based on the show 65 Between 1999 and 2005 Dark Horse Comics published occasional adaptations of Disney s new movies citation needed The Disney Studio launched Kingdom Comics division in May 2008 led by writer actor Ahmet Zappa TV executive Harris Katleman and writer editor Christian Beranek Kingdom was designed to create new properties for possible film development and reimagine and redevelop existing Disney library movies with Disney Publishing Worldwide getting a first look for publishing 66 Disney Afternoon comics Edit There have been many comic books based on the popular 1990 1997 Disney Afternoon slate of afternoon television cartoon series Chip n Dale Rescue Rangers Disney Comics 19 issues 1990 1991 Boom 8 issues 2010 2011 Darkwing Duck Disney Comics 4 issues 1991 1992 Boom 18 issues amp 1 Annual 2010 2011 Joe Books 8 issues 2016 2017 DuckTales Gladstone 13 issues 1988 1990 Disney Comics 18 issues 1990 1991 Boom 6 issues 2011 IDW ongoing 2017 on Gargoyles Marvel Comics 11 issues 1995 Slave Labor Comics 12 issues 2006 08 9 12 TPB only Slave Labor Comics Gargoyles Bad Guys 6 issues 2007 08 5 6 TPB only Tale Spin Disney Comics 4 issue miniseries and 7 issue series 1991 More comic books Edit Notable American Disney comic book writers and artists include Carl Barks Tony Strobl Paul Murry William Van Horn and Don Rosa Disney comic titles in the USA include Donald and Mickey 1945 1949 1987 1990 1993 1997 2017 Note originally a giveaway comic alternate titles Mickey amp Donald Donald Duck amp Mickey Mouse Huey Dewey and Louie Junior Woodchucks 1966 1984 Walt Disney Comics Digest 1968 1976 Uncle Scrooge Adventures 1987 1990 1993 1997 Donald Duck Adventures 1988 1990 1993 1998 2003 2006 Mickey Mouse Adventures 1990 1991 2004 2006 Walt Disney Giant 1995 1996 Europe EditUnited Kingdom Edit Main article Mickey Mouse Weekly Disney comics first appeared in the United Kingdom in the Mickey Mouse Annual which published 18 editions between 1930 and 1947 The books were published by Dean amp Son and illustrated by Wilfred Haughton Inspired by the 1935 launch of the US newsstand Mickey Mouse Magazine UK publisher Odhams Press established Mickey Mouse Weekly a large size 12 page comics magazine with four pages in full color photogravure Wilfred Haughton contributed to this publication as well which featured the full range of characters from the Mickey Mouse and Silly Symphony cartoons The magazine included new material both Disney and non Disney as well as reprints of the American comic strips 67 Mickey Mouse Weekly featured the first ever Donald Duck comic book serial originally called Donald and Donna which began in issue 67 May 15 1937 drawn by William A Ward There were 15 weekly parts of this first serial featuring Donald and his girlfriend Donna an early version of Daisy Duck 68 Donna left the series after the first story which was continued as Donald Duck Donald and Mac and Donald Duck with Mac for the next three years ending in issue 222 May 4 1940 69 Goofy and Toby Tortoise also had their own strip The Defective Agency and so did Elmer Elephant Pinocchio Thumper and the mice from Cinderella Jaq and Gus The popular magazine ended in 1957 after 920 issues because of a copyright dispute with Disney 70 Ronald Nielsen had been producing painted comic book pages in Floyd Gottfredson s 1940s style as well as of characters from Disney animated films during the mid 1950s until the magazine lost its license Immediately after the close of Mickey Mouse Weekly another Disney comics magazine was launched Walt Disney s Mickey Mouse which ran for 55 issues from 1958 to 1959 and then changed title to Walt Disney s Weekly publishing another 111 issues until 1961 Other Disney comics published in the UK include Disneyland Magazine 1971 1976 Donald and Mickey 1972 1975 Goofy and also Pluto 1973 1974 merged as Donald and Mickey and also Goofy Mickey Mouse 1975 1981 Donald Duck IPC Magazines 1975 1976 Donald Duck London Editions 1987 1990 Mickey Mouse and Friends 1989 1990 The Disney Weekly 1991 1992 Mickey and Friends 1992 1996 Of contributors to American Disney comics who were born in the UK Ted Thwaites was an inker for Floyd Gottfredson in the early Disney comic strip department and Frank McSavage from Scotland drew a number of Grandma Duck Bongo and other stories for the American comic books Prolific British writers for Egmont include Paul Halas Gail Renard and Jack Sutter British Webcomic creator Sarah Jolley has introduced a romance between Gladstone Gander and Magica De Spell Her popular online comics that she calls duck doodles have won praise from Disney artists Scandinavia Edit Denmark Edit Danish publisher Egmont previously Gutenberghus has one of the largest productions of Disney comics in the world This production is not only for Denmark proper but nearly identical magazines are being published simultaneously every week for all the Nordic countries Germany see below and since the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 Eastern Europe The Danish company started publishing their own series in the early 1960s Most of Egmont s content has come from several outside sources reprints of classic Carl Barks stories reprinted Barks style stories from the Netherlands American artist writers such as Don Rosa and William Van Horn and the outsourced production of art for Egmont s scripts from Barks style artists studios such as Vicar in Chile Daniel Branca in Argentina and several studios in Spain Italian stories are often featured in digest formatted pocket books Artists from Denmark include Freddy Milton penname of Fredy Milton Larsen who worked for the Dutch studio with Daan Jippes and Flemming Andersen who draws in a personalized version of the Italian Disney style In addition to Donald Duck stories Freddy Milton has utilized his highly Barks reminiscent style for other series that he has written and drawn including Woody Woodpecker his own series Gnuff and several titles involving a human character named Villiams Verden The Scandinavian countries are among those in which Donald Duck is more popular than Mickey Mouse Prolific Danish writers include Lars Jensen Maya Astrup Tom Anderson and Gorm Transgaard Jensen created Scrooge s opponent Velma Vanderduck amongst other characters Disney titles published in Denmark include Anders And amp Co da Donald Duck amp Co 1949 on The flagship magazine launched in March 1949 as a monthly which became bi weekly in 1956 and weekly in 1958 The weekly publishes new Disney stories produced by Egmont 71 Solo haefte da One Shots 1953 1956 A series of one shot comics similar to Dell s Four Color magazine in the US This reprinted a lot of the 1940s 50s US material 72 Walt Disney s manedshaefte da Walt Disney s Monthly Issue 1967 1970 Another series reprinting a range of American stories 73 Jumbobog 1968 on The popular pocket book format was launched in Denmark in 1968 and translated distributed in many other European countries This is a 250 page monthly paperback that publishes mostly Italian stories as well as new stories produced for Egmont Anders And Ekstra 1977 2014 A monthly magazine launched in 1977 which used to publish new extra long stories but then moved to mostly reprints 74 Sweden Edit Main article Kalle Anka amp C o Sweden was the first Scandinavian country to publish a Disney comic book the flagship comic Kalle Anka amp C o Donald Duck amp Co which started in September 1948 The comic began as a monthly became bimonthly in 1957 and then a weekly magazine in July 1959 The comic is now identical to Anders And amp C o from Denmark and Donald Duck amp C o from Norway All are published by the Scandinavian corporate group founded in 1878 as Gutenberghus the name changed to Egmont in 1992 The Finnish Aku Ankka is published separately but is largely the same In the 1950s Swedish Disney comics reprinted existing material from America both in Kalle Anka amp C o and a monthly series Walt Disney s serier Walt Disney s Comics When the supply of American comics started to dry up in the 1960s Denmark s publishing house Gutenberghus began producing original series followed by Italy s Mondadori and Disney s own Disney Studio program The pocket book Kalle Anka s Pocket was introduced in 1968 and is still running today A second pocket book Farbror Joakim Uncle Scrooge was added in 1976 In 1980 Musse Pigg amp C o Mickey Mouse amp Co was added as a monthly comic and it continues as a bimonthly Other current titles are Kalle Anka Extra and Kalle Anka Junior Per Erik Hedman is a prolific writer from Sweden and artist Tony Cronstam draws in a Carl Barks style Editor writer Stefan Printz Pahlson wrote a time machine series with fellow editor writer Lars Bergstrom the former also created the reoccurring stone age character Princess Oona Per Starback compiled Disney comic book indexes into the Disney Comics Mailing List expanded by Dutch programmer Harry Fluks into the online database Inducks Finland Edit Thanks to a multitalented editor Markku Kivekas who was also a skilled translator essayist and restorationist comic book stories about Donald Duck along with the work of Carl Barks became extremely popular in Finland more so than in any other country in the world per capita and are accepted as part of the mainstream culture It was estimated in 2002 that a quarter of the population of Finland was reading the Donald Duck magazine Aku Ankka 75 Like the Netherlands Finland publishes their own Disney comics apart from Egmont Cameos of local celebrities are common Kari Korhonen has mostly drawn in a Barksian style and also writes some of the stories he illustrates Songwriter Tuomas Holopainen has written and composed a Scrooge McDuck comic book soundtrack that went Gold Music Inspired by the Life and Times of Scrooge Norway Edit Norway has the comic Donald Duck amp Co which started back in 1948 and is still active There are several pocket books amongst them being Donald Pocket from 1968 to the present day Mickey Mouse also had a comic specifically Mikke Mus manedshefte Mickey Mouse monthly booklet which lasted from 1980 until 2009 Arild Midthun is a Norwegian artist who works in a Barksian style He has written some of the stories that he has drawn as well as illustrating stories by other Norwegian writers Midthun has created popular stories about Viking history and about Scrooge s days in the Klondike gold rush Carl Barks books clubs and fanzines first appeared in Norway the home of Donaldism a Disney comics fandom movement founded by analyst Jon Gisle 1st fanzine 1973 1st club 1975 Italy Edit The first Italian Disney comics were published in the early 1930s and Federico Pedrocchi wrote and illustrated the first Italian Donald Duck adventure comic as early as 1937 a story called Paolino Paperino e il mistero di Marte Donald Duck and the Secret of Mars in the weekly paper Paperino e altre avventure Donald Duck and Other Adventures Italy is the country of origin for some of the most famous Disney comic authors including Guido Martina Luciano Bottaro Giovan Battista Carpi Romano Scarpa Carlo Chendi Giorgio Cavazzano Marco Rota and Silvia Ziche Italy has introduced several new characters to the Disney universe including Donald s superhero alter ego Duck Avenger original name Paperinik created in 1969 Production has been handled by Nerbini 1932 1937 Mondadori 1937 1988 Disney Italy 1988 2013 and Panini Comics 2013 present Topolino is the main Italian Disney publication and its first incarnation was a weekly newspaper published from 1932 to 1949 for a total of 738 issues In 1949 Topolino switched to a digest sized format and its numbering restarted at 1 originally a monthly it became a biweekly in 1952 and a weekly in 1960 The second incarnation of Topolino reached its 3000th issue in 2013 At first Topolino alternated between translations of foreign stories and original stories produced by Italian authors however since the early 1990s foreign stories have mostly disappeared from it The number of Disney stories produced and published in Italy is far larger than in the US Italian stories are regularly translated in other European languages e g German French English Greek Italy s digest sized format has been adopted by many other countries in the long running Donald Duck pocket book series In the late 1990s Disney Italy launched several new lines including PKNA Paperinik New Adventures a comic book version of Paperinik aimed at a slightly older audience MM Mickey Mouse Mystery Magazine a noir series starring Mickey Mouse as detective Wizards of Mickey DoubleDuck and W I T C H plus the comics published under the imprint Buena Vista Comics including the original Monster Allergy comic series and a few other titles such as Kylion and a comic inspired by the Alias TV show The Disney comics published in Italy include Topolino it newspaper 1932 1949 I tre porcellini it The Three Little Pigs 1935 1937 Paperino e altre avventure Donald Duck and Other Adventures 1937 1940 Topolino it comic 1949 on Almanacco Topolino it 1957 on I Classici di Walt Disney it Walt Disney Classics 1957 on Zio Paperone it Uncle Scrooge 1988 2008 Paperinik Donald Duck s superhero identity 1993 2005 PKNA Paperinik New Adventures 1996 2001 MM Mickey Mouse Mystery Magazine 1999 2001 W I T C H 2001 2012 PK it 2001 2002 PK Pikappa it 2002 2005 Monster Allergy 2003 2015 Paperinik Cult it 2005 2011 Paperinik Appgrade it 2012 2016 Paperinik it 2017 on Netherlands Edit The Netherlands current publisher Sanoma has a significant school of Disney comics The first Dutch Disney comics appeared in 1953 In 1975 Daan Jippes became the art director for production of these comics and created a heavily Barks inspired line that remains the best known Dutch Disney style Donald Duck is the most popular Disney character in the Netherlands but Sanoma also produces comics starring lesser known characters such as Li l Bad Wolf Other productive Dutch artists who have worked in a Barksian style include alphabetically Mark De Jonge Sander Gulien brothers Bas and Mau Heymans and Ben Verhagen Freddy Milton from Denmark also worked with Jippes as a team for both scripts and art Wilma Van Den Bosch produced art for a Dutch Daisy Duck title Frank Jonker and Jan Kruse among others have provided scripts The Disney comics published in the Netherlands include Donald Duck Weekblad 1952 on the flagship weekly magazine first published on October 25 1952 The magazine was originally published by the staff of the women s magazine Margriet and every Margriet subscriber received the first issue for free 76 The comic is mainly aimed at younger children and includes a letters page from readers 77 In 2019 the magazine reached its 3 500th issue Donald Duck Pocket 1970 on a 250 page pocket book that prints mostly comics from Italy featuring characters that don t usually appear in Dutch comics like Superdonald Fantomerik Otto von Drakenstein John Rockerduck Brigitta Indiana Goofy and DD Dubbelduck This became a monthly publication in 2006 These books are the same pocket books published by Egmont in the Netherlands 78 Donald Duck Extra nl 1982 on a monthly magazine featuring longer or more unusual stories Don Rosa s Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck stories ran in the Extra as did William Van Horn and Marco Rota stories The magazine started in February 1982 as Stripgoed but changed to Donald Duck Extra with issue 37 79 Donald Duck Dubbelpocket nl 1996 on a 500 page pocket book that s twice as large as the regular Donald Duck Pocket book Originally published twice a year the book was increased to four times a year in 2006 80 Katrien nl 1999 on a monthly magazine for girls aged 8 12 starring Katrien Daisy Duck and her three nieces Lizzy Juultje and Babetje April May and June The comic first appeared on July 19 1999 as a bimonthly magazine but became monthly in 2016 81 Donald Duck Junior nl 2008 on a biweekly version of Donald Duck for younger readers with shorter stories and bigger print 82 Disney Premium nl 2016 on a special pocket book published five times a year Each issue prints or reprints stories featuring one of four series Superdonald Mickey s Mysteries Darkwing Duck and DubbleDuck These are generally darker action oriented stories about Mickey and Donald as detectives superheroes and secret agents 83 While the Donald Duck comics thrive in the Netherlands the audience for Mickey Mouse has been relatively weak A monthly magazine Mickey Maandblad was published in several formats from 1976 to 1989 finally dropped for lack of sales 84 Dutch programmer Harry Fluks created the online Disney Comics Database Inducks launched 1994 expanded from the Disney Comics Mailing List based in Sweden Germany Edit Mickey Mouse was a famous film character in Germany since his first appearance in 1929 and a few comic strips were printed in some German newspapers e g the Kolner Illustrierte Zeitung In 1937 the Swiss Micky Maus Zeitung was published in German by Bollmann By 1948 the Danish magazine publisher Egmont then called Gutenberghus secured a license to print Disney comics in Scandinavia In September 1951 Ehapa Verlag in Stuttgart West Germany a subsidiary of Egmont started the monthly publication Micky Maus a format similar to Walt Disney s Comics amp Stories From the start it featured stories by Carl Barks translated by chief editor Dr Erika Fuchs The comic book was published on a biweekly basis 1956 57 and from 1958 on it changed into a weekly Renamed Micky Maus Magazin it is still published today by the Egmont Ehapa publishing company now in Berlin and is the longest running comic book in Germany In its heyday early 1990s its weekly circulation number rose to one million copies In spite of the name most stories of Micky Maus feature Donald Duck as he is the most popular Disney character in Germany Many other titles have been published by the company most notably Die tollsten Geschichten von Donald Duck The Best stories of Donald Duck 1965 today the Lustige Taschenbuch Funny Paperback a digest title mostly reprinting Italian pocket books 1967 today and many other series Volker Reiche and Jan Gulbransson are local artist writers who have worked in a Carl Barks style Gulbransson drew an 8 part series wherein Scrooge and kin visit regional German cities and wrote drew a 4 part series set in the Alps and a story where Scrooge finances a team in the German soccer league and many others Barks fan Volker Reiche wrote and drew a batch of stories in his signature scruffy version of Barks 1940s style A popular graphic novel adventure series Tales From Uncle Scrooge s Treasure Chest was conceptualized plotted and produced by Ehapa editor Adolf Kabatek Although the art was outsourced in was made sure to be in a Barksian style Ulrich Schroder relocated to Paris to become the art director of Disney Publishing Worldwide the company s European headquarters and has produced comic covers story and editorial art for Disney comics in Germany and France Schroder has worked with Dutch artist Daan Jippes Austrian abstract artist Gottfried Helnwein held a Barks comic art touring exhibition in Germany that along with a similar exhibit that was being shown at the time was seen by over half a million people over 400 000 and over 100 000 respectively Erika Fuchs translation work was highly influential and she incorporated many aspects of German culture into her translations Many of her Fuchisms have become part of the German language The Donaldist group D O N A L D claims to be the preservers of the non commercial original Donaldism and even hold congresses knight contributors to children s literature and infiltrate conservative newspaper columns that members contribute with Fuchisms Some of the Disney comics from Germany include Micky Maus main title 1951 on Die tollsten Geschichten von Donald Duck Sonderheft de The Best Stories of Donald Duck 1965 on Lustiges Taschenbuch Funny Paperback pocket book 1967 on Lustiges Tachenbuch Classic Die Comics von Carl Barks Funny Paparback Classic The Comics of Carl Barks 2019 on 85 France Edit French produced stories started in 1952 as a one pager comic published in each issue of Le Journal de Mickey drawn by Louis Santel Tenas and written by Pierre Fallot After a few issues a new series started Mickey a travers les siecles and continued up to 1978 drawn almost entirely by Pierre Nicolas and written by Fallot and Jean Michel le Corfec Later in the beginning of the 1980s a new production started led by Patrice Valli and Pierre Nicolas as editors with adventures of Mickey Mouse Uncle Scrooge Donald Duck Among the best artists one recalls Claude Marin or Claude Chebille known as Gen Clo and Italian artists like Giorgio Cavazzano Some of the best writers were Michel Motti and Pierre Yves Gabrion In the late 1980s up to now an increasing number of Spanish artist from the Comicup studio provided the art while the writing stayed to French authors Disney comics published in France include Le Journal de Mickey 1934 on created in October 1934 with a break in publication from 1945 to 1952 the weekly Le Journal de Mickey is a cultural institution in France 86 Mickey Parade Geant fr 1966 1979 1980 on The first version of Mickey Parade was originally an extra supplement to Le Journal de Mickey published irregularly by Edi Monde It became quarterly in 1968 and transitioned to a bimonthly comic Edi Monde ceased publication of Mickey Parade in 1979 In 1980 the magazine was reintroduced as a monthly by Hachette Media who restarted the numbering In January 2002 with issue 265 the comic became Mickey Parade Geant a larger thicker paperback published bimonthly Picsou Magazine 1972 on A best selling monthly children s magazine that includes comics about Uncle Scrooge Picsou in French along with video game reviews and information on new movies 87 In 2018 the magazine went bimonthly Spain Edit The original flagship comic was Dumbo aka Collecion Dumbo Historietas Comicas de Walt Disney which was published by Ediciones Recreativas S A ERSA from 1947 to 1965 Initially bimonthly Dumbo increased frequency to approximately 40 issues a year and the comic ran for 527 issues Starting October 1965 ERSA rebooted with a second version of Dumbo published monthly The second series ran for 144 issues until December 1976 A third series of Dumbo published in 46 issues by Montena from July 1978 to April 1982 was released as monthly hardbound books originally 100 pages then dropping to 68 pages ESRA also published a large format 16 page bimonthly magazine Pato Donald which lasted from 1965 to April 1966 ESRA rebooted with a second version of Pato Donald in May 1966 now a 36 page weekly The second Pato Donald ran for 231 issues until December 1975 Montena also published the weekly Don Miki for 638 issues from October 1976 to December 1988 and Don Donald for 136 issues from 1979 to 1985 In September 1989 Primavera began publishing Mickey and Pato Donald Mickey lasted for 17 issues until January 1991 and Pato Donald for 46 issues until June 1992 RBA tried to revive the line in 2002 publishing 22 issues of Mickey and 4 issues of Pato Donald Several comic studios in Spain produced story art for Disney comic scripts Some artists became independent such as Paco Rodriguez who utilizes Daniel Branca s Barksian style Greece Edit The weekly Miky Maous Miky Maoys comic was first published on July 1 1966 and remained in print for more than 45 years eventually being ended by struggling publisher Nea Aktina A E on September 6 2013 with issue 2460 61 88 In 2014 the title was relaunched by Kathimerini starting the numbering again from 1 89 Belgium Edit Louis Santel Tenas created new material in the 1950s Yugoslavia Edit Vlastimir Belkic produced original content in the 1930s Latin America EditBrazil Edit The first Mickey Mouse stories were published in Brazil in 1930 in the comics anthology O Tico Tico under the name Ratinho Curioso the Curious Mouse The magazine reprinted US comic strips by Floyd Gottfredson 90 In Brazil through the publisher Abril national stories have been published since the 1950s with artists like Jorge Kato inspired by Carl Barks In the 1960s and 1970s Renato Canini drew a number of stories in a style inspired by the popular abstract design of the era He also developed a universe around Jose Carioca a very popular character in Brazil Abril increased production in the 1970s and 1980s Except for Jose Carioca recurring characters included Daisy turned feminist and Fethry Duck Among the most prolific authors were the writer Arthur Faria Jr and the artist Irineu Soares Rodriguez Brazil is also known to have retained many obscure characters largely forgotten elsewhere besides Portugal O Pato Donald The Donald Duck was initially published in comic book format then from issue 22 began to be published in digest sized format 91 At the end of the 1990s the Brazilian production ceased and then restarted for a short while in the 2000s After an absence of almost 10 years with just a few special events stories production again started up at the end of 2012 During the 2010s Abril was also responsible for publishing Disney s manga in Brazil some unpublished in other countries outside Japan including titles like Kingdom Hearts 92 Big Hero 6 Kilala Princess Stitch Miriya and Marie Star Wars and others Disney comics were published by Editora Abril since 1950 but the company stopped publishing them in 2018 facing financial difficulties 93 The next year however the comics returned through the publisher Culturama 94 95 Jose Carioca s title was not continued by Culturama but new stories returned in September 2020 in the comic book Aventuras Disney 96 The best known titles include Pato Donald pt 1950 2018 2019 on 1st series 2481 issues Mickey 1952 2018 2019 on 1st series 911 issues Ze Carioca 1961 2018 1st series 2446 issues Tio Patinhas Uncle Scrooge 1963 2018 2019 on 1st series 637 issues Pateta Goofy 1982 1984 2004 2007 2011 2018 2019 on 1st series 56 issues 2nd 26 issues 3rd 87 issues Peninha Fethry Duck 1982 1984 2004 2007 1st series 56 issues 2nd 19 issues Margarida Daisy Duck 1986 1997 2004 7 1st series 257 issues 2nd 25 issues Urtigao Hard Haid Moe 1987 1994 2006 1st series 169 issues 2nd 6 issues Minnie 2004 2006 2011 2018 1st series 29 issues 2nd 81 issues Argentina Edit Luis Destuet was an early artist in the 1940s Some stories were reprinted in brazil and Italy Around the turn of the decade Destuet moved to Brazil and started production there by training new artists In the 1980s Daniel Branca set up a prolific and influential story art production studio influenced by Daan Jippes to create expressive artwork in Carl Barks 1950s style Chile Edit The pre war Album Mickey series contained various short strips that were possibly locally produced according to Inducks as well as some Zorro stories in the 1970s Vicar set up a prolific Carl Barks style story art production studio in the 1970s Australia Africa and Asia EditAustralia Edit The main Australian publisher was W G Publications Wogan Publications from 1974 A number of series reflecting equivalents in the U S included Mickey Mouse 97 and Donald Duck 98 The most significant series however are Walt Disney Comics 1946 1978 99 and the Giant 1951 to 1978 100 Walt Disney Comics mixed and matched covers and stories from its sister U S publication rather than just reprinting them The Giant presented selections from various U S series from film promotions such as Robin Hood to Uncle Scrooge Beagle Boys and Junior Woodchucks In some cases these were mere reprints In others an extra story was added to increase the page count for instance W MM 97 04 Par for the Course in No 570 The Beagle Boys 101 This practice of adding an extra story to an issue otherwise identical the U S one is common elsewhere as an example in the Film Preview Series the first Robin Hood issue has W OS 1055 03 The Double Date added 102 Egypt Edit Mickey Mouse was introduced to the Arab world through a comic book called Samir which published Samir Presents Mickey 1 in April 1958 This series published 24 issues in 1958 and 1959 103 Mickey proved very popular in Egypt and in 1959 he got a weekly comic book ميكي Mickey 104 After 44 years of publication the publisher Dar Al Hilal stopped publication in 2003 after disputes with Disney The last issue being 2188 published in March 2003 105 In 2004 publisher Nahdat Masr acquired the Disney license and the first issues were sold out in less than 8 hours 106 The new version of Mickey published issue 0 in December 2003 and issue 1 in December 2004 As of 2018 the magazine had reached more than 700 issues 107 Besides the publication of the weekly magazine two monthly magazines are published مجلد سوبر ميكى SuperMickey and Mickey Geib Pocket Mickey a pocket sized magazine In the 60s and 70s original material was created in Egyptian Arabic most notably by Ahmed Hijazi a folk style artist Japan Edit Many Disney comics originally by American or European authors such as Carl Barks Joaquin Canizares Sanchez or Flemming Andersen have been entirely re drawn by Japanese artists for local publication The Italian manga inspired series W I T C H was submitted to the same kind of treatment giving birth to a Japanese exclusive adaptation with art by Haruko Iida and published by Kadokawa Shoten Japan also produced completely original Disney material such as the manga adaptation of the videogame Kingdom Hearts by Shiro Amano published by Bros Comics EX and later translated in English by Tokyopop and Jun Asaga s adaptation of Tim Burton s The Nightmare Before Christmas originally published by Kodansha English version by Disney Press Vietnam Edit Donald va bạn hữu Vietnamese for Donald and friends is a bilingual weekly Disney comics magazine in Vietnamese and English published by Tre Publishing House in co operation with The Saigon Times under license from the Walt Disney Company since 1998 India Edit On December 8 2010 DPW s India unit signed a multi year contract with India Today Group to print and distribute Disney comics in India 108 Story codes EditStarting in the 1970s as production of new Disney comics stories moved from a mostly centralized American publishing program to a group of international publishers sharing work it became a practice to give each Disney comics story a unique letter number code This helps to identify a single story across language translations The code is usually printed at the bottom of the story s first panel and it consists of one or more letters representing the publisher or country of origin followed by a multi digit number In some cases the code ends with another letter The main publishers are Story code prefix ProducerAR Another Rainbow aka Gladstone USAB Abril Brazil D Egmont Denmark E Disney Europe France F Disney Hachette France G Ehapa Germany H Oberon Holland I Mondadori Disney Italy Panini Comics Italy K Disney Comics USA M Marvel Comics USA S Disney Studios USA for European market W Western Publishing USA When a licensee decides they wish to reprint stories originally produced by another licensee and need films or other reproducible materials to facilitate said reprinting the request is made making reference to the story code It s Disney policy that all licensees must cooperate in the facilitating of such reprinting by providing the reproducible materials at cost The codes are also a useful tool for indexers especially those wishing to keep track of the diverse output of the various Disney comics publishers worldwide through the Inducks database I N D U C K S Database EditI N D U C K S is a freely available database aiming to index all Disney comics ever printed in the world The project started in 1992 and was launched in 1994 Today the database lists Disney publications stories characters authors international publication of stories and much more Most people use the I N D U C K S through a search engine browser and website abbreviated COA which is daily updated based on I N D U C K S data and is available in a dozen languages Criticism EditWith their international success Disney comics were targeted by Communist propaganda in the publication How to Read Donald Duck Imperialist Ideology in the Disney Comic by activist Ariel Dorfman and sociologist Armand Mattelart The book proposed that the comics represent the selling of American Capitalist ideology to a global market The title was published in Chile in 1971 but was subject to book burning by the Augusto Pinochet regime and importation into the US was prohibited 109 110 Notable artists and writers EditArgentina Daniel Branca 1951 2005 influential Barks style artist and studio director Luis Destuet early artist in Argentina and Brazil Jaime Diaz fi 1937 2009 studio director Wanda Gattino es b 1969 Branca s protegeBelgium Tenas fr 1926 2012 cover artistBrazil Renato Canini 1936 2013 Jose Carioca artist Jose Carlos 1884 1950 created Jose Carioca Verci De Mello pt b 1958 Hard Haid Moe artist Irineu Soares Rodrigues pt b 1956 prolific artist worked w writers Arthur Faria Jr pt Ivan Saidenberg and Gerson Teixeira pt bro Moacir pt Carlos Mota fi b 1969 Barks style artistChile Vicar 1934 2012 Barks style artist studio director created Princess Oona w writer Stefan Printz PahlsonDenmark Flemming Andersen b 1968 multi style artist Lars Jensen b 1966 prolific writer created Velma Vanderduck 1st artist Tino Hernandez see also Tom Anderson Gorm Transgaard amp Maya Astrup Freddy Milton b 1948 Barks style artist writer also made Barks style stories w Woody Woodpecker and his own characters GnuffEgypt Ahmed Hijazi 1936 2011 folk style artistFinland Tuomas Holopainen b 1976 songwriter wrote and produced the Gold album Music Inspired by the Life and Times of Scrooge Kari Korhonen b 1973 mostly a Barks style artist Markku Kivekas fi 1947 2008 influential Barks translator restorer essayist editorFrance Bernard Cosey fr b 1950 Gottfredson style artist writer b Switzerland Pierre Nicolas fr 1921 1990 Gottfredson style artist and studio director Regis Loisel b 1951 Gottfredson style artist writer Claude Marin 1931 2001 editorial artist also drew many Disney Babies fr comic pages w Gen Clo b Algiers and Belom fr as well as other stories Thierry Martin fr born 1966 Gottfredson style artist b Lebanon Germany Erika Fuchs 1906 2005 influential Barks translator Jan Gulbransson de b 1949 Barks style artist writer Adolf Kabatek de 1931 1997 produced a popular series of Barks style Scrooge McDuck graphic novels Tales From Uncle Scrooge s Treasure Chest b Czech Volker Reiche de b 1944 Barks style artist writer Ulrich Schroder de b 1964 artist and studio directorItaly Giovan Battista Carpi 1927 1999 multi style artist created Paperinik w writer Guido Martina Luciano Bottaro 1931 2006 multi style artist Casty it b 1967 popular Scarpa style artist writer early scripts drawn by others created Eurasia Toft and Charlie Doublejoke Giorgio Cavazzano b 1947 influential artist developed an abstract style widely adopted in Italy worked w writer Rodolfo Cimino it cous Luciano Capitanio it Carlo Chendi 1933 2021 prolific writer Giulio Chierchini 1928 2019 multi style artist Pier Lorenzo De Vita 1909 1990 Scarpa style artist son Massimo it Enrico Faccini it b 1962 multi style artist writer Luciano Gatto it b 1934 multi style artist Marco Gervasio it b 1967 Fantomius artist writer Elisabetta Gnone b 1965 writer editorial director created Disney Italia s W I T C H comics Corrado Mastantuono b 1962 Cavazzano style artist writer created Boomer Buff Federico Pedrocchi 1907 1945 Gottfredson style early artist writer b Argentina Giuseppe Perego 1915 1996 multi style artist worked w writer Gian Giacomo Dalmasso it Giorgio Pezzin it b 1949 saga writer Marco Rota b 1942 Barks style artist created Andold Wild Duck Temerary w editor Guadenzio Capelli it Bruno Sarda it b 1954 saga writer Guido Scala it 1936 2001 Scarpa style artist Romano Scarpa 1927 2005 influential Gottfredson style Barks influenced artist created Brigitta MacBridge Dickie Duck Gideon McDuck Kildare Coot Ellroy Trudy Van Tubb and Portis Silvia Ziche b 1967 soap opera artist writerJapan Siro Amano b 1976 artist writer adapted Kingdom Hearts video games into manga Shiro Shirai ja b 1971 Barks style artist writerNetherlands Mark De Jonge b 1950 Barks style artist Sander Gulien nl b 1974 Barks style artist Mau Heymans b 1961 Barks style artist bro Bas nl Daan Jippes b 1945 influential Barks style artist writer and studio director popularized the replication of Barks art style for Disney comics redrew stories Barks only wrote and several of his unfinished scripts Frank Jonker nl b 1965 prolific writer amp Jan Kruse Endre Lukacs 1906 2001 cover artist b Hungary Michel Nadorp b 1960 Barks style cover artist Wilma Van Den Bosch fi b 1956 Daisy Duck artist editorial cover artist b Canada Ben Verhagen nl b 1949 Barks style artistNorway Arild Midthun b 1964 Barks style artistSpain Cesar Ferioli b 1959 multi style artist Gil Bao es 1915 multi style artist Miquel Pujol ca b 1951 multi style artist Paco Rodriguez fi b 1967 Barks style artistSweden Tony Cronstam b 1969 Barks style artist Per Erik Hedman b 1959 prolific writer Stefan Printz Pahlson b 1950 editor writer created a time machine series w editor writer Lars BergstromUnited Kingdom Paul Halas de b 1949 prolific writer Sarah Jolley b popular webcomic creator Gladstone Gander amp Magica De Spell artist writer Ronald Nielsen 1920 2005 painting style artist Gail Renard b 1953 prolific writer b Canada Jack Sutter b 1938 prolific writer William Ward it 1887 1958 early artist writer created the 1st Donald Duck comic book storyUnited States Pete Alvarado 1920 2003 artist drew stories based on Disney animated films Roman Arambula 1936 2020 drew the Mickey Mouse comic strip after Gottfredson retired b Mexico Carl Barks 1901 2000 foundational Disney comics artist writer lead screenwriter storyboard artist for the early Donald Duck cartoons developed Donald Duck and created Daisy Duck Huey Dewey and Louie Scrooge McDuck and the supporting cast of Duckburg including April May and June Gyro Gearloose the Junior Woodchucks Gladstone Gander the Beagle Boys Magica De Spell Flintheart Glomgold Glittering Goldie John D Rockerduck Neighbor Jones Gus Goose Clinton Coot the McDuck Money Bin and the character arcs and story arcs of the duck universe Patrick Block b 1958 Barks style artist drew Barks final story inked Barks last comics work 8 covers Jack Bradbury 1914 2004 artist Carl Buettner it 1905 1965 art director created Li l Bad Wolf w Dorothy Strebe see also Gil Turner Pinto Colvig 1892 1967 actor artist created Goofy Phil DeLara 1914 1973 most prolific Chip n Dale artist etc see also Harvey Eisenberg Walt Disney 1901 1966 film producer 1st writer for the Mickey Mouse comic strip created Sylvester Shyster w artist Floyd Gottfredson co created some of the original Mickey Mouse cast w animator Ub Iwerks Norm Ferguson 1902 1957 lead animator developed Pluto Peg Leg Pete and the Big Bad Wolf Bob Grant 1916 1968 Merry Menagerie artist Manuel Gonzales 1913 1993 Gottfredson studio artist b Spain created Ellsworth for the Mickey Mouse Sunday pages w writer Bill Walsh Floyd Gottfredson 1905 1986 foundational artist writer and studio director most known for drawing and plotting the Mickey Mouse comic strip and establishing the art style and high standards of the Disney newspaper comics created Morty and Ferdie Fieldmouse also Doctor Einmug Captain Doberman Gloomy the mechanic and Eli Squinch w co writer Ted Osborne and Chief O Hara Detective Casey amp The Phantom Blot w co writer Merrill De Maris Bob Gregory 1921 2003 artist writer wrote over a dozen stories that were re scripted drawn by Barks Jack Hannah 1913 1994 animation director co artist of Carl Barks 1st comic art Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold directed Donald Duck films written by Barks Al Hubbard it 1913 1984 artist created Fethry Duck Hard Haid Moe and 0 0 Duck w writer Dick Kinney created Belle Duck w writer created The Sleuth w writer Carl Fallberg Albert Hurter fr 1888 1941 designer b Switzerland created Donald Duck w voice actor Clarence Nash Ub Iwerks 1901 1971 lead animator created Mickey Mouse Minnie Mouse Horace Horsecollar and Clarabelle Cow w producer Walt Disney 1st artist for Disney comics and the Mickey Mouse comic strip w artist Win Smith sv b Canada Walt Kelly 1913 1973 cover artist Dick Moores 1909 1986 Mickey Mouse artist writer Brer Rabbit artist created Scamp w Ward Greene Paul Murry 1911 1989 artist for Mickey Mouse stories w writer Carl Fallberg created Super Goof w writer editorial director Del Connell it Floyd Norman b 1935 writer re introduced serialized adventures to the Mickey Mouse dailies early 1990 s Don Rosa b 1951 popular artist writer and Scrooge McDuck chronologist wrote and drew the award winning series The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck created sequels to Barks classic stories James Silvani b Darkwing Duck artist w writers Aaron Sparrow and Ian Brill Dan Spiegel 1920 2017 drew Disney comics based on live action series and films incl realist settings for Mickey Mouse stories w Paul Murry Tony Strobl 1915 1991 artist created Moby Duck w writer Vic Lockman Al Taliaferro 1905 1969 Gottfredson style artist for the Donald Duck comic strip created Grandma Duck w writer Bob Karp proposed idea for the film Donald s Nephews leading to the creation of Huey Dewey and Louie 1st to draw Donald Duck in the comics created Bucky Bug w artist writer Earl Duvall Alex Toth 1928 2006 Zorro artist William Van Horn b 1939 Barks style artist writer influenced by George Herriman son Noel Bill Walsh 1913 1975 writer for the Mickey Mouse comic strip in the 1940s created Eega Beeva and the Rhyming Man w artist Floyd Gottfredson Bill Wright it 1917 1984 Gottfredson studio artist Gottfredson style comic book artistYugoslavia Vlastimir Belkic sr 1896 1946 Gottfredson style artistAmerican writers for overseas publication EditPatrick Block b 1958 writer for Egmont w wife Shelly Greg Crosby b 1948 writer of Studio stories and newspaper strips managed the US comic strips in the 1980s David Gerstein b 1974 writer for Egmont US editor translator Joel Katz b 1945 prolific writer for Egmont Dick Kinney 1916 1985 prolific writer of Studio stories Sarah Kinney b prolific writer for Egmont married to Stefan Petrucha John Lustig b 1953 writer for Egmont completed unfinished scripts by Carl Barks Don Markstein 1947 2012 writer for Egmont US fandom editor essayist Pat McGreal fi 1953 2021 prolific writer for Egmont w wife Carol fi Ed Nofziger 1913 2000 prolific writer of Studio stories Stefan Petrucha b 1959 prolific writer for Egmont married to Sarah Kinney Jerry Siegel 1914 1996 prolific writer for MondadoriOther notables EditDonald Ault 1942 2019 American professor who taught comics studies of Carl Barks work Gare Barks de 1917 1993 professional landscape artist who lettered and inked backgrounds and solids in Barks stories and taught him to paint Barks third wife Ed Bergen President of The Official Carl Barks Fan Club 2000 2021 published the fan club newsletter and The Carl Barks Fan Club Pictorial the group encountered copyright issues and disbanded but some articles from the newsletter were collected by Joseph Robert Cowles as The Barks Fan s Potpourri Annie North Bedford children s author conceptualized and wrote Donald Duck and the Christmas Carol 1960 Barks 1st of two Little Golden Books Geoffrey Blum internationally published article writer for Disney comics protege of Prof Ault at Berkeley in the 1960s Jack Chalker 1944 2005 science fiction author who wrote An Informal Biography of Scrooge McDuck 1974 the character s 1st published chronology Chase Craig 1910 2001 Barks editor at Western Publishing a comics writer Craig was more sympathetic than fellow editor Alice Cobb Susan Daigle Leach b 1960 multi award nominated colorist for Don Rosa and The Carl Barks Library in Color married to Gary Leach Byron Erickson b 1951 Don Rosa s editor at Gladstone Publishing and Egmont emigrated to Denmark Harry Fluks Dutch programmer who created the online Disney Comics Database Inducks launched 1994 Bob Foster b 1943 Disney editor writer artist organized and planned Barks 1994 tour of Europe Jon Gisle b 1948 Norwegian analyst who founded the Disney comics fandom movement Donaldism 1st fanzine 1973 1st club 1975 Gottfried Helnwein b 1948 Austrian abstract artist who ran a popular Barks touring exhibition over 400 000 attendees Bruce Hamilton 2005 founded Gladstone Publishing with Russ Cochran in 1986 to revive Disney comics in the United States prior to this the two had founded Another Rainbow Publishing in 1981 to produce The Carl Barks Library Hamilton also produced lithographs of Barks oil paintings specialty books and bone china figurines initial licensing permission was attributed to the success of Edward Summer s deluxe reprint volume Uncle Scrooge McDuck His Life and Times by Celestial Arts 1981 Kay Kamen 1892 1949 Disney merchandiser who started Mickey Mouse Magazine in 1933 that in 1940 would become Walt Disney s Comics and Stories the best selling American publication in the early 1950s with Barks Donald Duck stories as lead feature Hal Horne started the title s 3rd series in 1935 reprinting Disney newspaper comic strips in comic book format making it the first Disney comic book in English this in turn inspired the launch of Mickey Mouse Weekly in Great Britain the following year Gary Leach b 1957 manager art director translator letterer colorist and writer w Glastone Gemstone amp IDW married to Susan Daigle Leach Per Starback Swedish index compiler who created the Disney Comics Mailing List expanded into the online database Inducks Osamu Tezuka 1928 1989 Japanese comics and animation godfather who adopted Barks art combination of expressive characters with realist backgrounds and his story combo of slapstick and satire with moral and fantasy adventure themes featured a homage cameo of Donald and sent Barks a drawing of Donald being hugged by AstroBoySee also EditInducks Disney comics database Donaldism Disney comics fandom Mickey Mouse comic strip Mickey Mouse universe Donald Duck in comics Donald Duck universe List of stories by Carl Barks List of stories by Don Rosa DuckTales 1987 and DuckTales 2017 TV adaptations Flipism theory from a Disney comic bookReferences Edit Disney Comics and Stories 7 IDW Publishing Retrieved 25 July 2019 dead link Uncle Scrooge 450 Inducks Retrieved 25 July 2019 a b Holtz Allan 2012 American Newspaper Comics An Encyclopedic Reference Guide Ann Arbor The University of Michigan Press pp 260 264 ISBN 9780472117567 The Only Unpaid Movie Star Harry Carr American Magazine March 1931 Reprinted in A Mickey Mouse Reader ed by Gary Apgar University Press of Mississippi 2014 a b Andrae Thomas April 1984 Floyd Gottfredson s 45 years with Mickey The Mouse s Other Master Nemo The Classics Comics Library 6 Archived from the original on 24 February 2017 Retrieved 23 February 2017 Andrae Thomas Gottfredson Floyd 1988 Of Mouse and the Man Walt Disney s Mickey Mouse in color 1st ed New York Pantheon Books ISBN 9780394575193 Mark Sonntag 25 June 2011 TAGTOONZ Bucky Bug amp Mickey Sunday March 4 1934 msonntag 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2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Solo haefte Inducks Retrieved 16 July 2019 Manedshaefte Disney Comics Worldwide Archived from the original on 16 July 2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Anders And Ekstra Disney Comics Worldwide Archived from the original on 16 July 2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Carl Barks Conversations 2003 edit Donald Ault pp xxxii xxxiii Weekblad Donald Duck Duckipedia Donaldduck nl Archived from the original on 16 July 2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Donald Duck Disney Comics Worldwide Archived from the original on 16 July 2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Donald Duck Pocket Disney Comics Worldwide Archived from the original on 16 July 2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Donald Duck Extra Duckipedia Donaldduck nl Archived from the original on 16 July 2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Donald Duck Dubbelpocket Disney Comics Worldwide Archived from the original on 16 July 2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Katrien Duckipedia Donaldduck nl Archived from the original on 16 July 2019 Retrieved 16 July 2019 Donald 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editora 9 June 2018 Archived from the original on 2019 07 16 Retrieved 2019 07 16 Tome Bruno Apos Abril interromper distribuicao HQs da Disney voltam a ser lancadas no Brasil em 2019 observatoriodocinema uol com br Culturama divulga capas e outros detalhes das novas revistas Disney UNIVERSO HQ February 22 2019 Ze Carioca volta a ter HQs produzidas no Brasil UNIVERSO HQ in Brazilian Portuguese 2020 07 29 Retrieved 2020 08 07 Australia Mickey Mouse M series I N D U C K S inducks org Australia Donald Duck D series I N D U C K S inducks org Australia Walt Disney s Comics No Series I N D U C K S inducks org Australia Giant G Series I N D U C K S inducks org Australia Giant G Series 570 I N D U C K S inducks org Australia Film Preview FP Series 82 I N D U C K S inducks org Egypt Samir Presents Mickey 1 Inducks Retrieved 17 July 2019 Egypt ميكي Mickey Dar Al hilal 1 Inducks Retrieved 17 July 2019 Egypt ميكي Mickey Dar Al hilal 2188 Inducks Retrieved 17 July 2019 Mickey Mouse In Egypt Comic Book Guide Comicbookguide wordpress com 2011 03 10 Archived from the original on 2011 09 14 Retrieved 2012 03 07 Egypt ميكي Mickey Inducks Retrieved 17 July 2019 Disney inks publishing distribution pact with India Today Grp Business Standard Press Trust of India December 8 2010 Archived from the original on 19 July 2012 Retrieved 12 December 2012 Dorfman Ariel Mattelart Armand 2019 How to Read Donald Duck Imperialist Ideology in the Disney Comic Pluto Press ISBN 978 1 78680 477 8 OCLC 1090130481 page needed Adams Kenneth Alan Fall 1983 How to Read Donald Duck Dorfman and Mattelart Book Review The Journal of Psychohistory 11 2 294 ProQuest 1305587944 Further reading EditFrank Reilly The Walt Disney Comic Strips Cartoonist PROfiles 1 Winter 1969 pp 14 18 an early article Note comics related magazines and fanzines from around the world have featured many articles and interviews External links EditI N D U C K S the Disney comics database Disney comic artists in the Comiclopedia Disney Comics Worldwide Overview of Disney Christmas strips Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Disney comics amp oldid 1136478821, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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