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Wikipedia

Donald Duck

Donald Duck is a cartoon character created by The Walt Disney Company. Donald is an anthropomorphic white duck with a yellow-orange bill, legs, and feet. He typically wears a sailor shirt and cap with a bow tie. Donald is known for his semi-intelligible speech and his mischievous, temperamental, and pompous personality. Along with his friend Mickey Mouse, Donald was included in TV Guide's list of the 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time in 2002,[5] and has earned a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. He has appeared in more films than any other Disney character.[6]

Donald Duck
Mickey Mouse & Friends and Donald Duck character
First appearanceThe Wise Little Hen (1934)
Created byDick Lundy
Walt Disney[1]
Designed byWalt Disney
Voiced byClarence Nash (1934–1985)
Tony Anselmo (1985–present)
Daniel Ross (2017–2021)
Developed byDick Lundy
Fred Spencer
Carl Barks
Jack King
Jack Hannah
In-universe information
Full nameDonald Fauntleroy Duck[2]
Alias
NicknameDon
SpeciesDuck
GenderMale
FamilyDuck family
Significant otherDaisy Duck (girlfriend)
RelativesScrooge McDuck (maternal uncle)
Ludwig Von Drake (paternal uncle)[3]
Della Duck (twin sister)
Huey, Dewey, and Louie (nephews)
Duck family (paternal relatives)
Clan McDuck (maternal relatives)
Date of birthJune 9[4]

Donald Duck appeared in comedic roles in animated cartoons. Donald's first appearance was in The Wise Little Hen (1934), but it was his second appearance in Orphan's Benefit that same year that introduced him as a temperamental comic foil to Mickey Mouse.[7] Throughout the next two decades, Donald appeared in over 150 theatrical films, several of which were recognized at the Academy Awards. In the 1930s, he typically appeared as part of a comic trio with Mickey and Goofy and was given his own film series starting with Don Donald (1937). These films introduced Donald's love interest and permanent girlfriend Daisy Duck and often included his three nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie. After the film Chips Ahoy (1956), Donald appeared primarily in educational films before eventually returning to theatrical animation in Mickey's Christmas Carol (1983). His last appearance in a theatrical film was in Fantasia 2000 (1999). However, since then Donald has appeared in direct-to-video features such as Mickey, Donald, Goofy: The Three Musketeers (2004), television series such as Mickey Mouse Clubhouse (2006–2016), and video games such as QuackShot (1991) and the Kingdom Hearts series.

In addition to animation, Donald is well known worldwide for his appearances in comics. Donald was most famously drawn by Al Taliaferro, Carl Barks, and Don Rosa. Barks, in particular, is credited for greatly expanding the "Donald Duck universe", the world in which Donald lives, and creating many additional characters such as Donald's rich uncle Scrooge McDuck. Donald has been a popular character in Europe, particularly in Nordic countries where his weekly magazine Donald Duck & Co [no] was the comics publication with the highest circulation from the 1950s to 2009. In Italy, Donald is a major character in many comics, including a juvenile version named Paperino Paperotto, and a superhero alter ego known as Paperinik (Duck Avenger in the US and Superduck in the UK).

Characteristics

Voice

The character is known for possessing an only partly intelligible voice, developed by Donald's original performer, Clarence Nash. During an interview, Tony Anselmo revealed that "Most people believe that Donald's voice is done squeezing air through the cheek, that is not true. I can't reveal how it's actually done, but it is definitely not done by squeezing air through the cheek. The Hanna-Barbera character 'Yakky Doodle' is done that way. Donald Duck is not."[8] Nash reputedly originally developed the voice as that of a "nervous baby goat" before Walt Disney interpreted it as sounding like a duck.[9]

Personality

 
Donald Duck is known for his fiery temper.

The character of Donald Duck is portrayed as a very impatient, immature,[10] and arrogant duck with a pessimistic attitude and an insecure disposition. In addition, his two dominant personality traits are his fiery temper and his upbeat attitude to life. Many Donald shorts start with Donald in a happy mood, without a care in the world until something comes along and spoils his day. His rage is a great cause of suffering in his life. On multiple occasions, it has caused him to get in over his head and lose competitions. There are times when he fights to keep his temper in check, and he sometimes succeeds in doing so temporarily, but he always returns to his normal angry self in the end.

Donald's aggressive nature has its advantages, however. While at times it is a hindrance, and even a handicap, it has also helped him in times of need. When faced with a threat of some kind, for example, Pete's attempts to intimidate him, he is initially scared, but his fear is replaced by anger. As a result, instead of running away, he fights. In fact, his anger can make him powerful enough to defeat ghosts, much stronger individuals, sharks, mountain goats, giant kites, and even the forces of nature.

Donald is something of a prankster, and as a result, he can sometimes come across as a bit of a bully, especially in the way he sometimes treats Chip n' Dale and Huey, Dewey and Louie, his nephews. As the animator Fred Spencer has put it:

The Duck gets a big kick out of imposing on other people or annoying them, but he immediately loses his temper when the tables are turned. In other words, he can dish it out, but he can't take it.[11]

However, with a few exceptions, there is seldom any harm in Donald's pranks. He almost never intends to hurt anyone, and when his pranks go too far, he is often apologetic. In Truant Officer Donald, for example, when he is tricked into believing he has accidentally killed Huey, Dewey, and Louie, he shows great regret, blaming himself. His nephews appear in the form of angels, and he willingly endures a kick by one of them—that is, of course, until he realizes he has been tricked, whereupon he promptly loses his temper.

Donald is also a bit of a poseur. He likes to brag, especially about how skilled he is at something. He does, in fact, have many skills—he is something of a Jack-of-all-trades. Amongst other things, he is a talented fisher and a competent hockey player. However, his love of bragging often leads him to overestimate his abilities, so that when he sets out to make good on his boasts, he gets in over his head, usually to hilarious effect.

Another of his personality traits is perseverance. Even though he can at times be a slacker, and likes to say that his favorite place to be is in a hammock, once he has committed to accomplishing something he goes for it 100 percent, sometimes resorting to extreme measures to reach his goal.

Health

There is a running gag in the Donald Duck comics about him being physically unhealthy and unmotivated to exercise. Usually, some character close to Donald annoys him by saying he is being lazy and needs to get some exercise. But despite his apparent idleness, Donald proves that he is muscular. In the short film Sea Scouts, Donald is traveling with his nephews in a boat when it is attacked by a shark. Donald makes several attempts to defeat the shark, each of which proves ineffective, but then finally triumphs and defeats the shark with a single well-placed punch. Additionally, as discussed below, Donald had a stint in the U.S. Army during World War II that culminated with him serving as a commando in the film Commando Duck, and he was frequently away serving in the U.S. Navy in the television cartoon series DuckTales.

Friendly rivalry with Mickey Mouse

Throughout his appearances, Donald has shown that he is jealous of Mickey and wants his job as Disney's greatest star, similar to the rivalry between Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck. In most Disney theatrical cartoons, Mickey and Donald are shown as friends and have little to no rivalry (exceptions being The Band Concert, Magician Mickey and near the end of Symphony Hour, which were due to Donald's antagonistic schemes). However, by the time The Mickey Mouse Club aired on television (after Bugs vs. Daffy cartoons such as the "hunting trilogy" of Rabbit Fire, Rabbit Seasoning, and Duck! Rabbit, Duck!), it was shown that Donald always wanted the spotlight.

One animated short that rivaled the Mickey Mouse March song showed Huey, Dewey, and Louie as Boy Scouts and Donald as their Scoutmaster at a cliff near a remote forest and Donald leads them in a song mirroring the Mouseketeers theme "D-O-N-A-L-D D-U-C-K! Donald Duck!" The rivalry has caused Donald some problems, for example in a 1988 TV special, where Mickey is cursed by a sorcerer to become unnoticed, the world believes Mickey to be kidnapped. Donald Duck is then arrested for the kidnapping of Mickey, as he is considered to be the chief suspect, due to their feud. However, Donald did later get the charges dismissed, due to lack of evidence. Walt Disney, in his Wonderful World of Color, would sometimes make reference to the rivalry. Walt, one time, had presented Donald with a gigantic birthday cake and commented how it was "even bigger than Mickey's", which pleased Donald. The clip was rebroadcast in November 1984 during a TV special honoring Donald's 50th birthday, with Dick Van Dyke substituting for Walt.

The rivalry between Mickey and Donald was shown in the 2001-2003 television series House of Mouse. It was shown that Donald wanted to be the club's founder and wanted to change the name from House of Mouse to House of Duck, which is obvious in the episodes "The Stolen Cartoons" and "Timon and Pumbaa". In the episode "Everybody Loves Mickey", Donald's jealousy is explored and even joins sides with Mortimer Mouse. However, Donald has a change of heart when Daisy reminds Donald how Mickey has always been there to support him. Since then, Donald accepted that Mickey was the founder and worked with Mickey as a partner to make the club profitable and successful.

Enemies

Donald has numerous enemies, who range from comical foil to annoying nemesis: Chip 'n' Dale, Pete, Humphrey the Bear, Spike the Bee, Mountain Lion Louie, Bootle Beetle, Witch Hazel (in Trick or Treat), Aracuan Bird and Baby Shelby (in Mickey Mouse Works). During the Second World War, Donald was often set against Adolf Hitler.[12]

In the comics, he is often harassed or on the run from the Beagle Boys, Magica De Spell, Gladstone Gander and Mr. Jones.

In the video game Donald Duck: Goin' Quackers, he saves Daisy from Merlock.

The Italian-produced comic PKNA – Paperinik New Adventures stars Donald Duck as Paperinik, or Duck Avenger, in his battles against new alien enemies: Evronian Empire, founded by emperor Evron.

Origin

Voice performer Clarence Nash auditioned for Walt Disney Studios when he learned that Disney was looking for people to create animal sounds for his cartoons. Disney was particularly impressed with Nash's duck imitation and chose him to voice the new character. Disney came up with Donald's iconic attributes including his short temper and his sailor suit (based on ducks and sailors both being associated with water).[13] While Dick Huemer and Art Babbit were the first to animate Donald, Dick Lundy is credited for developing him as a character.[14]

On April 29, 1934, five days before The Wise Little Hen's first theatrical release, bandleader Raymond Paige performed the score to the cartoon on his California Melodies program for the Los Angeles AM radio station KHJ. The main vocals were performed by a trio, the Three Rhythm Kings. Clarence Nash and Florence Gill performed the character voices for this radio treatment, with Nash performing both Donald Duck and Peter Pig, making it the first time the public heard Nash's duck voice.[15]

Animation

Early development

 
Donald Duck as he first appeared in The Wise Little Hen (1934)

Donald Duck's first film appearance was in the 1934 cartoon The Wise Little Hen, which was part of the Silly Symphonies series of theatrical cartoon shorts.[16] The film's given release date of June 9 is officially recognized by the Walt Disney Company as Donald's birthday,[17] though historian J.B. Kaufman, consultant of The Walt Disney Family Museum, discovered in recent years that The Wise Little Hen was first shown on May 3, 1934, at the Carthay Circle Theater for a benefit program, while its official debut was on June 7 at the Radio City Music Hall.[15] Donald's appearance in the cartoon, as created by animator Dick Lundy, is similar to his modern look – the feather and beak colors are the same, as are the blue sailor shirt and hat – but his features are more elongated, his body plumper, his feet smaller, and his sclerae white. Donald's personality is not developed either; in the short, he only fills the role of the unhelpful friend from the original story.

Burt Gillett brought Donald back in a 1934 Mickey Mouse cartoon, Orphans' Benefit. Donald is one of a number of characters who are giving performances in a benefit for Mickey's Orphans.[18] Donald's act is to recite the poems Mary Had a Little Lamb and Little Boy Blue, but every time he tries, the mischievous orphans heckle him, leading the duck to fly into a squawking fit of anger. This explosive personality would remain with Donald for decades to come.

Donald continued to be a hit with audiences. The character began appearing regularly in most Mickey Mouse cartoons. Cartoons from this period, such as the cartoon The Band Concert (1935) – in which Donald repeatedly disrupts the Mickey Mouse Orchestra's rendition of The William Tell Overture by playing Turkey in the Straw – are regularly noted by critics as exemplary films and classics of animation. Animator Ben Sharpsteen also created the classic Mickey, Donald, and Goofy comedy in 1935, with the cartoon Mickey's Service Station.[18]

In 1936, Donald was redesigned to be a bit fuller, rounder, and cuter, beginning with the cartoon Moving Day. He also began starring in solo cartoons, the first of which was Ben Sharpsteen's 1937 cartoon, Don Donald. This short also introduced a love interest of Donald's, Donna Duck, who evolved into Daisy Duck.[19] Donald's nephews, Huey, Dewey and Louie, would make their first animated appearance a year later in the 1938 film, Donald's Nephews, directed by Jack King (they had been earlier introduced in the Donald Duck comic strip by Al Taliaferro, see below). By 1938, most polls showed that Donald was more popular than Mickey Mouse.[20]

Wartime

 
Donald worked in a Nazi factory in Der Fuehrer's Face (1943).

During World War II, Donald appeared in several animated propaganda films, including the 1943 Der Fuehrer's Face. In this cartoon, Donald plays a worker in an artillery factory in "Nutzi Land" (Nazi Germany). He struggles with long working hours, very small food rations,[21] and having to salute every time he sees a picture of the Führer (Adolf Hitler). These pictures appear in many places, such as on the assembly line in which he is screwing in the detonators of various sizes of shells. In the end, he becomes little more than a small part in a faceless machine with no choice but to obey until he falls, suffering a nervous breakdown. Then Donald wakes up to find that his experience was, in fact, a dream. At the end of the short, Donald looks to the Statue of Liberty and the American flag with renewed appreciation. Der Fuehrer's Face won the 1942 Academy Award for Animated Short Film. Der Fuehrer's Face was also the first of two animated short films to be set during the War to win an Oscar, the other being Tom and Jerry's short film, The Yankee Doodle Mouse.[22]

Other shorts from this period include a six film mini-series that follows Donald's life in the U.S. Army from his drafting to his experiences in basic training under Sergeant Pete to his first actual mission as a commando having to sabotage a Japanese air base. Titles in the series include:

Thanks in part to these films, Donald graced the nose artwork of virtually every type of World War II Allied combat aircraft, from the L-4 Grasshopper to the B-29 Superfortress.[24]

Donald also appears as a mascot—such as in the United States Army Air Forces' 309th Fighter Squadron[25] and the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, which showed Donald as a fierce-looking pirate ready to defend the American coast from invaders.[26] Donald also appeared as a mascot emblem for the 415th Fighter Squadron; 438th Fighter Squadron; 479th Bombardment Squadron; and 531st Bombardment Squadron. He also appeared as the mascot for the Fire Department at Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, as well as the Army Air Forces (now currently the United States Air Force) 319 Aircraft Maintenance Unit at Luke Air Force Base — where he is seen wearing an old-style pilot's uniform with a board with a nail in it in one hand, and a lightning bolt in the other hand. Donald's most famous appearance, however, was on the North American Aviation B-25B Mitchell medium bomber (S/N 40-2261) piloted by Lt. Ted W. Lawson of the 95th Bombardment Squadron, USAAF. The aircraft, named the "Ruptured Duck" and carrying a picture of Donald's face above a pair of crossed crutches, was one of sixteen B-25Bs which took off from the aircraft carrier USS Hornet to bomb Tokyo on April 18, 1942, during the Doolittle Raid. The mission was led by Lieutenant Colonel (later General) Jimmy Doolittle. Like most of the aircraft that participated in the mission, the Ruptured Duck was unable to reach its assigned landing field in China following the raid and ended up ditching off the coast near Shangchow, China. The Ruptured Duck's pilot survived, with the loss of a leg, and later wrote about the Doolittle Raid in the book, later to be the 1944 movie, Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo.

During World War II, Disney cartoons were not allowed to be imported into Occupied Europe owing to their propagandistic content. Since this lost Disney revenue, he decided to create a new audience for his films in South America. He decided to make a trip through various Latin American countries with his assistants, and use their experiences and impressions to create two feature-length animation films. The first was Saludos Amigos (1942), which consisted of four short segments, two of them with Donald Duck. In the first, he meets his parrot pal José Carioca. The second film was The Three Caballeros (1944), in which he meets his rooster friend Panchito.

Several decades after the war, on account of the fact that Donald was never officially separated from service in either his animated shorts or his comic strips, as part of Donald's 50th Birthday celebrations during the 25th Annual Torrance, California Armed Forces Day Parade, the U.S. Army retired Donald Duck from active duty as a "Buck Sergeant"[27] (i.e. "Buck Sergeant Duck").[28]

Post-war

Many of Donald's films made after the war recast the duck as the brunt of some other character's pestering. Donald is seen repeatedly attacked, harassed, and ridiculed by his nephews, by the chipmunks Chip 'n' Dale, or by other characters such as Humphrey the Bear, Spike the Bee, Bootle Beetle, the Aracuan Bird, Louie the Mountain Lion, or a colony of ants. In effect, much like Bugs Bunny cartoons from Warner Bros. the Disney artists had reversed the classic screwball scenario perfected by Walter Lantz and others in which the main character is the instigator of these harassing behaviors, rather than the butt of them.

The post-war Donald also starred in educational films, such as Donald in Mathmagic Land and How to Have an Accident at Work (both 1959), and made cameos in various Disney projects, such as The Reluctant Dragon (1941) and the Disneyland television show (1959). For this latter show, Donald's uncles Ludwig von Drake (1961) and Scrooge McDuck (1967) were then created in animation.

In Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988), Donald has a piano duel scene with his Warner Brothers counterpart Daffy Duck voiced by Mel Blanc. Donald has since appeared in several different television shows and (short) animated movies. He played roles in The Prince and the Pauper (1990) and made a cameo appearance in A Goofy Movie (1995).

Donald had a rather small part in the animated television series DuckTales. There, Donald joins the U.S. Navy and leaves his nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie with their Uncle Scrooge, who then has to take care of them. Donald's role in the overall series was fairly limited, as he only ended up appearing in a handful of episodes when home on leave. Some of the stories in the series were loosely based on the comics by Carl Barks.

Donald made some cameo appearances in Bonkers, before getting his own television show Quack Pack. This series featured a modernized Duck family. Donald was no longer wearing his sailor suit and hat, but a Hawaiian shirt. Huey, Dewey, and Louie now are teenagers, with distinct clothing, voices, and personalities. Daisy Duck has lost her pink dress and bow and has a new haircut. No other family members, besides Ludwig von Drake, appear in Quack Pack, and all other Duckburg citizens are humans and not dogs.

He made a comeback as the star of the "Noah's Ark" segment of Fantasia 2000 (1999), as first mate to Noah. Donald musters the animals to the Ark and attempts to control them. He tragically believes that Daisy has been lost, while she believes the same of him, but they are reunited at the end. All this to Edward Elgar's Pomp and Circumstance Marches 1–4.

In an alternate opening for the Disney film Chicken Little (2005), Donald would have made a cameo appearance as "Ducky Lucky". This scene can be found on the Chicken Little DVD.

 
Donald in Mickey Mouse Clubhouse

Donald also played an important role in Mickey Mouse Works and House of Mouse. In the latter show, he is the co-owner of Mickey's nightclub. He is part of the ensemble cast of characters in the TV show Mickey Mouse Clubhouse as well. He also appears in the new 3-minute Mickey Mouse TV shorts for Disney Channel.

Donald also appears in the DuckTales reboot, in which he is a main character as opposed to his minor role in the original cartoon. The series depicts him as having once been Scrooge's partner in adventure along with his sister Della. However, ten years prior to the series' beginning, Della went missing, leading to Donald and Scrooge going their separate ways and not speaking to each other throughout that time. In the present, Donald reluctantly brings Della's sons and his legal charges, the triplets, to Scrooge's mansion so he can babysit them while Donald attends a job interview, though he still has not forgiven Scrooge for their past history. Donald is temporarily hired by Scrooge's rival Flintheart Glomgold and ends up at the city of Atlantis, where Scrooge has also brought the boys. After some initial conflict Scrooge offers to let them stay with him in his mansion. Donald owns a boat in the series, which is relocated to Scrooge's pool at the conclusion of the series premiere. Later in the series, it is revealed that Donald's anger is the result of a fear that no one can understand him, though with the help of an anger management counselor and while taking care of Huey, Dewey, Louie, he was able to channel it into protective instinct.

Voice actors

 
Tony Anselmo and Clarence Nash

Donald's first voice was performed by Clarence Nash, who voiced him for 50 years.[29] Nash voiced Donald for the last time in Mickey's Christmas Carol (1983), making Donald the only character in the film to be voiced by his original voice actor. He did, however, continue to provide Donald's voice for commercials, promos, and other miscellaneous material until he died in 1985. (From 1964 to 1979, Jim Tadevic occasionally filled in for Nash whenever he was unavailable, voicing Donald in commercials, educational products and the album Mickey Mouse Disco for the song, "Macho Duck".[30] Jack Wagner voiced Donald and other Disney characters in the 1980s, primarily for live entertainment offerings in the parks, Disney on Ice shows, and live-action clips for television.)

Since Nash died, Donald's voice has been performed by Disney animator, Tony Anselmo, who was mentored by Nash for the role.[31] Anselmo's first performance as Donald is heard in a 1986 D-TV special, D-TV Valentine on The Disney Channel, and in his first feature film, Who Framed Roger Rabbit, in 1988.

Walt Disney insisted on character consistency and integrity, which extended to characters being portrayed by only one actor. However, there were instances in which other actors would voice Disney characters for various smaller films, recordings, theme parks and other projects. Accuracy and consistency became an issue. In 1988, Imagineer Les Perkins convinced Jeffrey Katzenberg and Roy E. Disney to approved the creation the department of Disney Character Voices to insure continuation of character integrity, consistency, and quality in recording methods. Roy named one official voice for all Walt Disney legacy characters. Tony Anselmo was approved by Roy E. Disney as Disney's official voice of Donald Duck.[32]

For the TV series Mickey and the Roadster Racers, Donald was voiced by voice actor Daniel Ross.[33][34] Anselmo continues as the official voice of Donald Duck on all Disney projects, Mickey Mouse Funhouse, Mickey Mouse shorts, Legend of the Three Caballeros, Kingdom Hearts IIII, Disney Parks, attractions, and consumer products.

In the 2017 reboot of DuckTales, a young Donald was voiced by Russi Taylor in the episode, "Last Christmas!", using the same voice that she used for Huey, Dewey, and Louie in various Disney media. After Taylor's death in 2019, she was replaced by Cristina Vee in the episode, "The First Adventure!".[35] An alternate version of Donald's voice was provided by Don Cheadle in the episode "The Shadow War!", after he takes a pill that makes his voice more intelligible.[36][37] This voice returned in the episode, "Quack Pack!".

Comics

While Donald's cartoons continue to be shown in the United States and around the world, his weekly and monthly comic books enjoy their highest profile in many European countries, especially Italy, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Iceland, but also Germany, the Netherlands, and Greece. Most of them are produced and published by the Italian branch of the Walt Disney Company in Italy (Disney Italy) and by Egmont in Denmark, Norway, Finland and Sweden. In Germany, the comics are published by Ehapa which has since become part of the Egmont empire. Donald comics have also been produced in The Netherlands and France. Donald also has been appeared in Japanese comics published by Kodansha and Tokyopop.

According to the Inducks, which is a database about Disney comics worldwide, American, Italian and Danish stories have been reprinted in the following countries. In most of them, publications still continue: Australia, Austria, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark (Faroe Islands), Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guyana, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the former Yugoslavia.

Early development

The character's first appearance in comic strip format was the 1934 Silly Symphony comic strip sequence based on the short The Wise Little Hen.[38] For the next few years, Donald made a few more appearances in Disney-themed strips, and by 1936, he had grown to be one of the main characters in the Silly Symphony strip. Ted Osborne was the primary writer of these strips, with Al Taliaferro as his artist. Osborne and Taliaferro also introduced several members of Donald's supporting cast, including his nephews, Huey, Dewey, and Louie.

In 1937, an Italian publisher named Mondadori created the first Donald Duck story intended specifically for comic books. The eighteen-page story, written by Federico Pedrocchi, is the first to feature Donald as an adventurer rather than simply a comedic character. Fleetway in England also began publishing comic book stories featuring the duck.

Developments under Taliaferro

A daily Donald Duck comic strip drawn by Taliaferro and written by Bob Karp began running in the United States on February 2, 1938; the Sunday strip began the following year. Taliaferro and Karp created an even larger cast of characters for Donald's world. He got a new St. Bernard named Bolivar,[39] and his family grew to include cousin Gus Goose and grandmother Elvira Coot. Donald's new rival girlfriends were Donna and Daisy Duck. Taliaferro also gave Donald his very own automobile, a 1934 Belchfire Runabout, in a 1938 story, which is often nicknamed by Donald's "313" car plate in the comic incarnation of Donald's world.

Developments under Barks

 
Carl Barks (1901–2000)

In 1942, Western Publishing began creating original comic book stories about Donald and other Disney characters. Bob Karp worked on the earliest of these, a story called "Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold". The new publisher meant new illustrators, however, Carl Barks and Jack Hannah would later repeat the treasure hunting theme in many more stories.

Barks soon took over the major development of the duck as both writer and illustrator. Under his pen, Donald became more adventurous, less temperamental and more eloquent. Pete was the only other major character from the Mickey Mouse comic strip to feature in Barks' new Donald Duck universe.

Barks placed Donald in the city of Duckburg, creating a host of supporting players, including Neighbor Jones (1944), Uncle Scrooge McDuck (1947), Gladstone Gander (1948), the Beagle Boys (1951), Gyro Gearloose (1952), April, May and June (1953), Flintheart Glomgold (1956), Magica de Spell (1961), and John D. Rockerduck (1961). Many of Taliaferro's characters made the move to Barks' world as well, including Huey, Dewey, and Louie. Barks placed Donald in both domestic and adventure scenarios, and Uncle Scrooge became one of his favorite characters to pair up with Donald. Scrooge's profile increased, and by 1952, the character had a comic book of his own. At this point, Barks concentrated his major efforts on the Scrooge stories, and Donald's appearances became more focused on comedy or he was recast as Scrooge's helper, following his rich uncle around the globe.

Further developments

Dozens of writers continued to utilize Donald in their stories around the world.

For example, the Disney Studio artists, who made comics directly for the European market. Two of them, Dick Kinney (1917–1985) and Al Hubbard (1915–1984) created Donald's cousin Fethry Duck.

The American artists Vic Lockman and Tony Strobl (1915–1991), who were working directly for the American comic books, created Moby Duck. Strobl was one of the most productive Disney artists of all time and drew many stories which Barks wrote and sketched after his retirement. In the 1990s and early 2000s, these scripts were re-drawn in a style closer to Barks' own by Dutch artist Daan Jippes.

Italian publisher Mondadori created many of the stories that were published throughout Europe. They also introduced numerous new characters who are today well known in Europe. One example is Donald Duck's alter ego, a superhero called Paperinik in Italian, created in 1969 by Guido Martina (1906–1991) and Giovan Battista Carpi (1927–1999).

Giorgio Cavazzano and Carlo Chendi created Umperio Bogarto, a detective whose name is an obvious parody on Humphrey Bogart. They also created O.K Quack, an extraterrestrial Duck who landed on earth in a spaceship in the shape of a coin. He, however, lost his spaceship and befriended Scrooge, and now is allowed to search through his money bin time after time, looking for his ship.

Romano Scarpa (1927–2005), who was a very important and influential Italian Disney artist, created Brigitta McBridge, a female Duck who is madly in love with Scrooge. Her affections are never answered by him, though, but she keeps trying. Scarpa also came up with Dickie Duck, the granddaughter of Glittering Goldie (Scrooge's possible love interest from his days in the Klondike) and Kildare Coot, a nephew of Grandma Duck.

Italian artist Corrado Mastantuono created Bum Bum Ghigno, a cynical, grumpy and not too good-looking Duck who teams up with Donald and Gyro a lot.

The American artist William Van Horn also introduced a new character: Rumpus McFowl, an old and rather corpulent Duck with a giant appetite and laziness, who is first said to be a cousin of Scrooge. Only later, Scrooge reveals to his nephews Rumpus is actually his half-brother. Later, Rumpus also finds out.

Working for the Danish editor Egmont, artist Daniel Branca (1951–2005) and scriptwriters Paul Halas and Charlie Martin created Sonny Seagull, an orphan who befriends Huey, Dewey and Louie, and his rival, Mr. Phelps.

One of the most productive Duck artists used to be Victor Arriagada Rios, (deceased 2012) better known under the name Vicar. He had his own studio where he and his assistants drew the stories sent in by Egmont. With writer/editors Stefan and Unn Printz-Påhlson, Vicar created the character Oona, a prehistoric duck princess who traveled to modern Duckburg by using Gyro's time machine. She stayed and is still seen in occasional modern stories.

The best known Duck artist of this time is American Don Rosa. He started doing Disney comics in 1987 for the American publisher Gladstone. He later worked briefly for the Dutch editors but moved to work directly for Egmont soon afterwards. His stories contain many direct references to stories by Carl Barks, and he also wrote and illustrated a 12-part series of stories about the life of Scrooge McDuck, which won him two Eisner Awards.

Other important artists who have worked with Donald are Freddy Milton and Daan Jippes, who made 18 ten-pagers which experts claim, were very difficult to separate from Barks' own work from the late 1940s.

Japanese artist Shiro Amano worked with Donald on the graphic novel Kingdom Hearts based on the Disney-Square Enix video game.

Nordic countries

Donald Duck is known in Nordic countries as Kalle Anka in Sweden,[40] Anders And in Denmark, Andrés Önd in Iceland, Donald Duck in Norway,[41] and Aku Ankka in Finland.[40] In the mid-1930s, Robert S. Hartman, a German who served as a representative of Walt Disney, visited Sweden to supervise the merchandise distribution of Sagokonst (The Art of Fables). Hartman found a studio called L'Ateljé Dekoratör, which produced illustrated cards that were published by Sagokonst. Since the Disney characters on the cards appeared to be exactly 'on-model', Hartman asked the studio to create a local version of the English-language Mickey Mouse Weekly.

In 1937 L'Ateljé Dekoratör began publishing Musse Pigg Tidningen (Mickey Mouse Magazine), which had high production values and spanned 23 issues; most of the magazine's content came from local producers, while some material consisted of reprints from Mickey Mouse Weekly. The comic anthology ended in 1938. Hartman helped Disney establish offices in all Nordic countries before he left Disney in 1941. Donald became the most successful of the Disney characters in the Nordic countries,[40] and Nordic peoples recognise him better than Mickey Mouse.[citation needed]

Kalle Anka & C:o, Donald's first dedicated Swedish anthology, started in September 1948. In 2001 the Finnish Post Office issued a stamp set to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Donald's presence in Finland. By 2005 around one out of every four Norwegians read the Norwegian edition Donald Duck & Co. per week, translating to around 1.3 million regular readers. During the same year, every week 434,000 Swedes read Kalle Anka & Co. By 2005 in Finland the Donald Duck anthology Aku Ankka sold 270,000 copies per issue. Tim Pilcher and Brad Books, authors of The Essential Guide to World Comics, described the Donald anthologies as "the Scandinavian equivalent of the UK's Beano or Dandy, a comic that generations have grown up with, from grandparents to grandchildren".[40]

Hannu Raittila, an author, says that Finnish people recognize an aspect of themselves in Donald; Raittila cites that Donald attempts to retrieve himself from "all manner of unexpected and unreasonable scrapes using only his wits and the slim resources he can put his hands on, all of which meshes nicely with the popular image of Finland as driftwood in the crosscurrents of world politics". Finnish voters placing protest votes typically write "Donald Duck" as the candidate.[42] In Sweden voters often voted for Donald Duck or the Donald Duck Party as a nonexistent candidate until a 2006 change in voting laws, which prohibited voting for nonexistent candidates. In a twenty-year span, Donald won enough votes to be, in theory, Sweden's ninth-most popular political organization. In 1985, Donald received 291 votes in an election for the Parliament of Sweden.[43]

By 1978, within Finland, there was a debate over the morality of Donald Duck. Matti Holopainen jokingly criticized Donald for living with Daisy while not being married to her, for not wearing trousers, and for, in the words of the Library Journal, being "too bourgeois".[44][45] Some observers from Finland from the same time period supported Donald, referring to him as a "genuine proletarian ... forced to sell his labor at slave rates to make a living". The Library Journal said it was revealed that, since 1950, Donald had secretly been married to Daisy.[46] An annual Christmas special in Norway, Denmark, Finland and Sweden is From All of Us to All of You, in Norway and Sweden with a title of Donald Duck and His Friends Celebrate Christmas. Segments include Ferdinand the Bull, a short with Chip 'n' Dale, a segment from Lady and the Tramp, a sneak preview of a coming Disney movie and concludes with Jiminy Cricket performing "When You Wish Upon a Star". To many people watching this special is a tradition as important as having a Christmas tree.[citation needed]

Germany

Donald Duck-themed comics sell an average of 250,000 copies each week in Germany, mostly published in the kids' weekly Micky Maus and the monthlies Donald Duck Special (for adults) and Lustiges Taschenbuch.[47] The Wall Street Journal called Donald Duck "The Jerry Lewis of Germany", a reference to American star Jerry Lewis' popularity in France.[47] Donald's dialogue in German comics tends to be more sophisticated and philosophical, he "quotes from German literature, speaks in grammatically complex sentences and is prone to philosophical musings, while the stories often take a more political tone than their American counterparts",[47] features especially associated with Erika Fuchs's German translations of the comics created by The Good Duck Artist Carl Barks. Christian Pfeiler – former president of D.O.N.A.L.D., a German acronym which stands for "German Organization for Non-commercial Followers of Pure Donaldism" – says Donald is appreciated in Germany because "almost everyone can identify with him. He has strengths and weaknesses; he lacks polish but is also very cultured and well-read."[47] It is through this everyman persona that Donald is able to voice philosophical truths about German society that appeal to both children and adults.[47] Donald's writers and illustrators Carl Barks, Don Rosa and Ub Iwerks are well known in Germany and have their own fan clubs.

Italy

In Italy, new stories about Donald Duck (named Paolino Paperino) and Scrooge McDuck are hosted in the kids' weekly Topolino and the monthly Paperino. While Paperino is written by many authors, he still maintains several characteristics. He is mostly an everyman, but the fierce, harsh temper he has in the American comic appears to be diluted into a meek, weaker personality, prone to comical fits of rage that are mostly subdued by the realization of its impotence. His frustration at Gladstone's luck is comically enhanced: in the Italian comics, Donald is chronically unlucky, unable to do or get anything right, with Gladstone taking advantage of his superiority or taking genuine pity of his unlucky cousin and trying several plans to grant him some better luck, always failing.

 
Donald Duck as Paperinik, also known as Duck Avenger and Superduck outside Italy. Art by Marco Rota.

However, the constant search for an outlet to vent his frustration led the Italian rendition of Donald Duck to seek his catharsis in several ways: in the sixties, vexed by Scrooge's antics and Gladstone's luck, he reinvented himself as Paperinik, the Duck Avenger (as he came to be known outside Italy), an anti-hero at first, a self-assured, well-adjusted, brilliant hero in later stories, no longer bound by the self-doubt and the mockery Donald is constantly subjected.[48] Duck Avenger is referred to the character Dorellik (parody of Diabolik) performed by Johnny Dorelli, Italian actor and crooner, in the Anglo-Italian movie Arriva Dorellik (How To Kill 400 Duponts). Further along the years, he fashioned for himself the additional identities of QQ7, a bumbling secret agent protecting Scrooge's riches[49] and DoubleDuck, a more confident and suave secret agent, in the mold of James Bond, a more equilibrate mold of the heroic Duck Avenger and the tricky QQ7, often accompanied by the beautiful spy Kay K.[50] Donald's "secret identies" are hosted in the main Topolino comics, but also in several themed comics, like the now-defunct Paperinik, PKNA, PK^2 and the current Paperinik AppGrade, the latter hosting reprints and new stories as well. Paperinik / Duck Avenger also appeared in the video games PK: Out of the Shadows, PK: Phantom Duck,[51] and The Duckforce Rises.

Having several full lives to live does not hamper Donald's ability to live adventures on his own: he still lives adventures with his uncle Scrooge and his nephews (often acting as a reluctant bumbler, a ballast to the enthusiasm of his nephews and the wanderlust of his uncle), and he lived a star-crossed love story with a princess from another planet, Reginella.[52] Despite Reginella leaving a deep trace in Donald's heart, he is still depicted as extremely faithful to Daisy, with a small hiccup deriving by Daisy Duck having a secret identity on her own (Paperinika), with Paperinik and Paperinika, both unaware of their secret identities, cultivating a permanent status of belligerent tension.

He also keeps a cheerful rivalry with his neighbour Bum Bum Ghigno, more a bumbler and a nuisance than he is, but still a good person at heart.

The Italian rendition of Donald Duck seldom, if ever, goes by his first name, having everyone, including his nephews, Daisy and Uncle Scrooge, address him as Paperino (his Italian surname).

He also appears in the Topolino comics depicting his childhood, called Paperino Paperotto (English: Donald Duckling), which were first produced in Italy in 1998. He lives in the fictional town, Quack Town with Grandma Duck and Billy Goat.

Disney theme parks

 
Donald's house boat at Mickey's Toontown, Disneyland

Donald Duck has played a major role in many Disney theme parks over the years. He has actually been seen in more attractions and shows at the parks than Mickey Mouse has. He has appeared over the years in such attractions as Animagique, Mickey Mouse Revue, Mickey's PhilharMagic, Disneyland: The First 50 Magical Years, Gran Fiesta Tour Starring the Three Caballeros and the updated version of "It's a Small World". He also is seen in the parks as a meet-and-greet character.

Children's books

Donald has been a frequent character in children's books beginning in 1935. Most of these books were published by Whitman Publishing, later called Western Publishing, or one of its subsidiaries. The following is a list of children's books in which Donald is the central character. This does not include comic books or activity books such as coloring books. It also does not include the 1931 book The Adventures of Mickey Mouse, which features an entirely different character also named Donald Duck.[53]

Beyond Disney

 
Donald's footprints at the Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood. The prints were made during the celebration of Donald's 50th birthday.
  • Donald is the only significant film and television cartoon character to appear as a mascot for a major American university: a licensing agreement between Disney and the University of Oregon allows the school's sports teams to use Donald's image as its "Fighting Duck" mascot. In 1984, Donald Duck was named an honorary alumnus of the University of Oregon during his 50th birthday celebration. During a visit to the Eugene Airport, 3,000 to 4,000 fans gathered for the presentation of an academic cap and gown to Donald. Thousands of area residents signed a congratulatory scroll for Donald, and that document is now part of Disney's corporate archives.
  • Donald was one of the few celebrities mentioned in the original version of the song Hooray for Hollywood, which was first featured in the 1937 film Hollywood Hotel, released only 3 years after Donald's first appearance. While later versions of the song would change lyrics, the line mentioning Donald was always kept.
  • In the 1940s, Donald was adopted as the mascot of Brazilian sports club Botafogo after Argentinean cartoonist Lorenzo Mollas, who was working in Brazil at the time, drew him with the club's soccer uniform. Mollas chose Donald because he complains and fights for his rights, like the club's managers at those years, and also because, being a duck, he does not lose his elegance while moving in the water (an allusion to rowing). He was eventually replaced so that the club would not have to pay royalties to Disney (Botafogo's current official mascot is Manequinho, a boy who represents the Manneken Pis statue in front of the club's head office), but has since retained the status of unofficial mascot.
  • Donald's name and image are used on numerous commercial products, one example being Donald Duck brand orange juice, introduced by Citrus World in 1940.
  • Donald Duck was temporarily listed as a "hired" employee in the database of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development as late as 1978. Given a $99,999 salary – more than double the $47,500 take federal civil servants were legally limited to be paid at the time – the name was unchallenged by a computer intended to catch government payroll fraud. Picked as one of thirty fictitious names by the Government Accounting Office, the use of it was a test to see if the payroll system of the HUD could be manipulated to defraud the government.[54]
  • Donald Duck's head and neck, wearing a radio headset and wrapped in earphone wires with an expression of pain on his face and with crossed crutches below, was the nose art on Lieutenant Ted W. Lawson's B-25 Mitchell bomber, the Ruptured Duck, on the famous Doolittle Raid on Tokyo in 1942.
  • In the 1950s, an early Mad Magazine parody of Mickey Mouse (called "Mickey Rodent", written by "Walt Dizzy") featured "Darnold Duck", whose quacky voice had to be "translated" for the readers, and who was shamed into finally wearing pants.
  • Although Donald's military service during his wartime cartoons has mostly been in the U.S. Army (and to a lesser extent in the U.S. Navy in DuckTales), Walt Disney authorized Donald to be used as a mascot for the U.S. Coast Guard. The Coast Guard image shows a fierce-looking Donald Duck dressed in a pirate's outfit, appearing vigilant against any potential threats to the coastal regions in the United States. This image is often used on Coast Guard bases and Coast Guard cutters.
  • Donald Duck is referred to in the song "The Village Green Preservation Society" by The Kinks: "We are the Village Green Preservation Society/ God save Donald Duck, vaudeville, and variety..." The reference is ironical, as the singer is lamenting the disappearance of perceived traditional English cultural artifacts.
  • Donald Duck makes a cameo appearance in the cartoon sequence in 200 Motels (1971).
  • During the late 1970s, Donald had his first and only disco song named "Macho Duck", available as part of the Mickey Mouse Disco children's album.
  • In Sweden, a comic book artist named Charlie Christensen got into a legal dispute with Disney when his creation Arne Anka looked similar to Donald Duck (albeit Arne is a pessimistic drunkard). However, Charlie made a mockery of the legal action and staged a fake death for his character, which then had plastic surgery performed and reappeared as Arne X with a more corvine beak. He later purchased a strap-on duck beak from a novelty gift shop, pointing out that "If Disney is planning to give me any legal action; all I have to do is remove my fake beak."
  • Donald Duck is a constant source of irritation for the eponymous hero of Donald Duk (1991), a coming-of-age novel by Frank Chin set in San Francisco's Chinatown.
 
Donald Duck's Star on Hollywood Walk of Fame

Appearances

Selected short films

  1. ^ a b Originally released as a Mickey Mouse short.

Feature-length films

Television series

Video games

Notable illustrators

See also

References

  1. ^ "Walt Disney Rare BBC TV Interview Broadcasted 6th July 1959", YouTube, September 14, 2020, retrieved July 27, 2022
  2. ^ Anderson, Paul. "THE FAUNTELROY FOLLIES: The Continuing History of Donald Duck". waltdisney.org. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
  3. ^ "Did You Know? 8 Genius Facts About Ludwig von Drake". September 22, 2016.
  4. ^ Lenburg, Jeff (1999). The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons. Checkmark Books. pp. 74–76. ISBN 0-8160-3831-7. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
  5. ^ TV Guide's 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. CNN. June 30, 2002, retrieved June 4, 2011.
  6. ^ Not including television episodes but including short films, Donald has appeared in 197 films. ( at IMDb, retrieved August 15, 2014) The Disney character with the second most film appearances is Mickey Mouse at 167. ( at IMDb, retrieved August 15, 2014)
  7. ^ Maltin, Leonard (1987). Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons (Revised ed.). Plume. p. 49. ISBN 0-452-25993-2.
  8. ^ "Uncovering Donald Duck's Official Voice". January 29, 2022.
  9. ^ Blitz, Marcia (1979). Donald Duck. New York: Harmony Books. p. 19. ISBN 978-0-517-52961-4.
  10. ^ "The Untold Truth of Donald Duck". November 12, 2020.
  11. ^ Walt Disney Treasures: The Chronological Donald Volume One
  12. ^ Sabine Hake (August 31, 2012). Screen Nazis: Cinema, History, and Democracy. University of Wisconsin Pres. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-299-28713-9.
  13. ^ (Andrae 2006, p. 61)
  14. ^ Watts 2013, p. 253.
  15. ^ a b Kaufman, J.B. (June 8, 2020). "When's Your Birthday?". Cartoon Research. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  16. ^ Finch, Christopher (1988). The Art of Walt Disney: From Mickey Mouse to the Magic Kingdoms. Twin Books. p. 40. ISBN 0-517-66474-7. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
  17. ^ . Guest Services. Disney. Archived from the original on September 1, 2007. Retrieved June 7, 2016.
  18. ^ a b Watts 2013, p. 252.
  19. ^ Although the Walt Disney Company claimed Donna Duck to be the same character as Donald's longtime love interest Daisy Duck, this is not so in Karp/Taliaferro comics (1951), where she is a separate character, appearing together with Daisy in a couple of daily newspaper strips. Early illustrations of Daisy also show a clear distinction between the two, Donna having a Mexican accent, contrary to Daisy.
  20. ^ "Free Cartoon Reviews of Fantasia Feature Length Theatrical Animated Film". Bcdb.com. Archived from the original on May 29, 2012. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
  21. ^ "Donald Duck does it in style". BBC News. June 9, 2004. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
  22. ^ Watts 2013, pp. 230–231.
  23. ^ "Donald Duck: 10 surprising facts about Walt Disney's character". The Daily Telegraph. June 9, 2014. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on January 11, 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  24. ^ "Military Aircraft Nose Art". Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale Museum. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
  25. ^ . 31st Fighter Group. Archived from the original on August 23, 2007. Retrieved August 30, 2007.
  26. ^ Noble, Dennis L. (June 2001). (PDF). The Beach Patrol and Corsair Fleet. Coast Guard. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 12, 2012.
  27. ^ "buck sergeant". The Free Dictionary.
  28. ^ Hill, Jim. . jimhillmedia.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2018. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
  29. ^ Korkis, Jim (June 25, 2014). "Becoming Donald Duck: The Clarence Nash Story". Mouseplanet. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  30. ^ Hollis, Tim; Ehrbar, Greg (August 16, 2011). Mouse Tracks: The Story of Walt Disney Records. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 9781617034336. Retrieved December 12, 2023. The album may have been titled Mickey Mouse Disco, but Mickey's voice is nowhere to be heard. However, Donald Duck makes a memorable appearance in "Macho Duck", Tom Worrall's spoof of the Village People hit "Macho Man", with lead vocals by Nashville studio singer Eddie Frierson. In this song, Jim Tadevic, who was on the Disney studio staff as location spotter, plays Donald. Tadevic had filled in as early as 1964 when Clarence Nash was unavailable to voice Donald for one reason or another, appearing first in commercials and later in Disney educational products. Tadevic's Donald differed from Nash's because Tadevic generated the voice in his throat rather the back of the mouth, as Nash and most other successors had done. Disney executives believed that Tadevic's vocal process made him more suitable for narration and other duties in which Donald's normally poor diction would have been a hindrance. For "Macho Duck", Tadevic was called in to listen to the completed song and ad-lib responses. "The version you hear on the album is the result of four different takes, with the best stuff from each edited together," he explained. The end result was so entertaining that Tony Pope was then brought in to add comic dialogue to "Watch Out for Goofy", as the lovable bumbler made a shambles of the dance floor and its patrons.
  31. ^ "If It Quacks Like This Odd Duck, It Must Be Tony Anselmo". People. May 18, 1987. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
  32. ^ "The Classic Character Voice Department". Disney. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  33. ^ . www.disneyabcpress.com. Archived from the original on January 7, 2017.
  34. ^ "Bring Home this Fast Paced Fun of Mickey and the Roadster Racers on Disney DVD". Chip and Co. December 17, 2016. Retrieved January 6, 2017.
  35. ^ "Donald Duck (Young)".
  36. ^ DuckTales: Don Cheadle IS Donald Duck, Disney Channel YouTube
  37. ^ "The Shadow War!". DuckTales. Season 1. Episode 23. August 18, 2017.
  38. ^ "Donald Duck, 'modern Sisyphus,' still Germany's darling at 75". Deutsche Welle. June 9, 2009. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
  39. ^ (Andrae 2006, p. 189)
  40. ^ a b c d Pilcher, Tim and Brad Brooks. (Foreword: Dave Gibbons). The Essential Guide to World Comics. Collins and Brown. 2005. p 244.
  41. ^ "Donald – Klikk.no". klikk.
  42. ^ Kallionpää, Katri (March 7, 2007). . Helsingin Sanomat. Archived from the original on August 11, 2007.
  43. ^ Wolf, Buck. "Donald Duck's a Big Bird in Politics". ABC News. November 5 (year unstated). Retrieved on January 19, 2012.
  44. ^ "The truth about Donald Duck's pants". May 25, 2006.
  45. ^ Mikkelson, David (August 27, 2007). "Donald Duck Banned in Finland". Snopes.
  46. ^ "Donald Duck, Yogi Bear, & Riding Hood under fire". Library Journal 103.9 (1978): 920. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. December 9, 2010.
  47. ^ a b c d e "Why Donald Duck Is the Jerry Lewis of Germany", Susan Bernofsky, The Wall Street Journal, May 23, 2009
  48. ^ "Paperinik il diabolico vendicatore (I TL 706-AP) – I.N.D.U.C.K.S." inducks.org.
  49. ^ "Paperino missione Bob Fingher (I TL 542-AP) – I.N.D.U.C.K.S." inducks.org.
  50. ^ "IC TL 2735 – I.N.D.U.C.K.S." inducks.org.
  51. ^ "PK Phantom Duck". www.pocketgamer.com. April 25, 2008.
  52. ^ "Paperino e l'avventura sottomarina (I TL 873-C) – I.N.D.U.C.K.S." inducks.org.
  53. ^ "Donald Duck Arrived in Print Three Years Ealier Than His On-Screen Appearance". D23. June 21, 2013. Retrieved December 31, 2023.
  54. ^ Berry, DeMaris; Cowger, Nancy; Slonim, Scott (January 1979). "Donald ducks computer". ABA Journal. Vol. 65. p. 28. Retrieved April 11, 2011.
  55. ^ Becher, Nir. . Haaretz. Archived from the original on October 1, 2007. Retrieved August 30, 2007.
  56. ^ Grant, Steven (November 1980). "How Howard Got His Pants". Howard the Duck Magazine. New York, New York: Marvel Comics Group (#8): 24–28.
  57. ^ "Donald Duck". Hollywood Icons. Hollywood Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved August 30, 2007.
  58. ^ "Gaming Target – PlayStation 2: Kingdom Hearts – Preview".
  59. ^ Orbit diagram of 12410 Donald Duck (1995 SM3) at NASA'a Jet Propulsion Laboratory
  60. ^ Brazile, Donna (November 7, 2017). Hacks : the inside story of the break-ins and breakdowns that put Donald Trump in the White House (First ed.). New York, NY. pp. 73 to 77. ISBN 9780316478519. OCLC 1007319949.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  61. ^ Amidi, Amid (June 23, 2018). "Disney Made A 'Three Caballeros' TV Series, But Most People Can't See It". Cartoon Brew.

Sources

  •   Content in this article was copied from Donald Duck at The Disney Wiki, which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 (Unported) (CC-BY-SA 3.0) license.

Further reading

  • Andrae, Tom (2006). Carl Barks and the Disney Comic Book: Unmasking the Myth of Modernity. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 1-57806-857-6.
  • Blitz, Marcia (1979). Donald Duck. New York City: Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-52961-0.
  • O'Brien, Flora (1984). Judith Schuler (ed.). Walt Disney's Donald Duck: 50 Years of Happy Frustration. Tucson, AZ: HPBooks. ISBN 0-89586-333-2.
  • Piepenbring, Dan (2019). T he Book That Exposed the Cynical Politics of Donald Duck. The New Yorker.
  • Watts, Steven (2013). The Magic Kingdom: Walt Disney and the American Way of Life. University of Missouri Press. ISBN 978-0-8262-1379-2.

External links

  • Donald Duck at Inducks
  • on IMDb
  • Donald Duck at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on April 10, 2016.
  • Malone, Patrick (ed.). . The Encyclopedia of Disney Animated Shorts (web site). Archived from the original on January 19, 2010.
  • Donald Duck comic strip reprints at Creators Syndicate

donald, duck, other, uses, disambiguation, cartoon, character, created, walt, disney, company, donald, anthropomorphic, white, duck, with, yellow, orange, bill, legs, feet, typically, wears, sailor, shirt, with, donald, known, semi, intelligible, speech, misch. For other uses see Donald Duck disambiguation Donald Duck is a cartoon character created by The Walt Disney Company Donald is an anthropomorphic white duck with a yellow orange bill legs and feet He typically wears a sailor shirt and cap with a bow tie Donald is known for his semi intelligible speech and his mischievous temperamental and pompous personality Along with his friend Mickey Mouse Donald was included in TV Guide s list of the 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time in 2002 5 and has earned a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame He has appeared in more films than any other Disney character 6 Donald DuckMickey Mouse amp Friends and Donald Duck characterFirst appearanceThe Wise Little Hen 1934 Created byDick LundyWalt Disney 1 Designed byWalt DisneyVoiced byClarence Nash 1934 1985 Tony Anselmo 1985 present Daniel Ross 2017 2021 Developed byDick LundyFred SpencerCarl BarksJack KingJack HannahIn universe informationFull nameDonald Fauntleroy Duck 2 AliasMaui Mallard Frank Duck Fred Paperinik Italy Duck Avenger US Superduck UK DoubleDuck Unca Donald by his nephews NicknameDonSpeciesDuckGenderMaleFamilyDuck familySignificant otherDaisy Duck girlfriend RelativesScrooge McDuck maternal uncle Ludwig Von Drake paternal uncle 3 Della Duck twin sister Huey Dewey and Louie nephews Duck family paternal relatives Clan McDuck maternal relatives Date of birthJune 9 4 Donald Duck appeared in comedic roles in animated cartoons Donald s first appearance was in The Wise Little Hen 1934 but it was his second appearance in Orphan s Benefit that same year that introduced him as a temperamental comic foil to Mickey Mouse 7 Throughout the next two decades Donald appeared in over 150 theatrical films several of which were recognized at the Academy Awards In the 1930s he typically appeared as part of a comic trio with Mickey and Goofy and was given his own film series starting with Don Donald 1937 These films introduced Donald s love interest and permanent girlfriend Daisy Duck and often included his three nephews Huey Dewey and Louie After the film Chips Ahoy 1956 Donald appeared primarily in educational films before eventually returning to theatrical animation in Mickey s Christmas Carol 1983 His last appearance in a theatrical film was in Fantasia 2000 1999 However since then Donald has appeared in direct to video features such as Mickey Donald Goofy The Three Musketeers 2004 television series such as Mickey Mouse Clubhouse 2006 2016 and video games such as QuackShot 1991 and the Kingdom Hearts series In addition to animation Donald is well known worldwide for his appearances in comics Donald was most famously drawn by Al Taliaferro Carl Barks and Don Rosa Barks in particular is credited for greatly expanding the Donald Duck universe the world in which Donald lives and creating many additional characters such as Donald s rich uncle Scrooge McDuck Donald has been a popular character in Europe particularly in Nordic countries where his weekly magazine Donald Duck amp Co no was the comics publication with the highest circulation from the 1950s to 2009 In Italy Donald is a major character in many comics including a juvenile version named Paperino Paperotto and a superhero alter ego known as Paperinik Duck Avenger in the US and Superduck in the UK Contents 1 Characteristics 1 1 Voice 1 2 Personality 1 3 Health 1 4 Friendly rivalry with Mickey Mouse 1 5 Enemies 2 Origin 3 Animation 3 1 Early development 3 2 Wartime 3 3 Post war 3 4 Voice actors 4 Comics 4 1 Early development 4 2 Developments under Taliaferro 4 3 Developments under Barks 4 4 Further developments 4 5 Nordic countries 4 6 Germany 4 7 Italy 5 Disney theme parks 6 Children s books 6 1 Whitman Western books 6 2 Grosset and Dunlap books 6 3 D C Heath and Co books 6 4 Random House books 6 5 Walt Disney Productions books 6 6 Grolier Scholastic books 7 Beyond Disney 8 Appearances 8 1 Selected short films 8 2 Feature length films 8 3 Television series 8 4 Video games 9 Notable illustrators 10 See also 11 References 12 Sources 13 Further reading 14 External linksCharacteristicsVoice nbsp Donald s voice source source Donald s voice in Modern Inventions 1937 Problems playing this file See media help The character is known for possessing an only partly intelligible voice developed by Donald s original performer Clarence Nash During an interview Tony Anselmo revealed that Most people believe that Donald s voice is done squeezing air through the cheek that is not true I can t reveal how it s actually done but it is definitely not done by squeezing air through the cheek The Hanna Barbera character Yakky Doodle is done that way Donald Duck is not 8 Nash reputedly originally developed the voice as that of a nervous baby goat before Walt Disney interpreted it as sounding like a duck 9 Personality nbsp Donald Duck is known for his fiery temper The character of Donald Duck is portrayed as a very impatient immature 10 and arrogant duck with a pessimistic attitude and an insecure disposition In addition his two dominant personality traits are his fiery temper and his upbeat attitude to life Many Donald shorts start with Donald in a happy mood without a care in the world until something comes along and spoils his day His rage is a great cause of suffering in his life On multiple occasions it has caused him to get in over his head and lose competitions There are times when he fights to keep his temper in check and he sometimes succeeds in doing so temporarily but he always returns to his normal angry self in the end Donald s aggressive nature has its advantages however While at times it is a hindrance and even a handicap it has also helped him in times of need When faced with a threat of some kind for example Pete s attempts to intimidate him he is initially scared but his fear is replaced by anger As a result instead of running away he fights In fact his anger can make him powerful enough to defeat ghosts much stronger individuals sharks mountain goats giant kites and even the forces of nature Donald is something of a prankster and as a result he can sometimes come across as a bit of a bully especially in the way he sometimes treats Chip n Dale and Huey Dewey and Louie his nephews As the animator Fred Spencer has put it The Duck gets a big kick out of imposing on other people or annoying them but he immediately loses his temper when the tables are turned In other words he can dish it out but he can t take it 11 However with a few exceptions there is seldom any harm in Donald s pranks He almost never intends to hurt anyone and when his pranks go too far he is often apologetic In Truant Officer Donald for example when he is tricked into believing he has accidentally killed Huey Dewey and Louie he shows great regret blaming himself His nephews appear in the form of angels and he willingly endures a kick by one of them that is of course until he realizes he has been tricked whereupon he promptly loses his temper Donald is also a bit of a poseur He likes to brag especially about how skilled he is at something He does in fact have many skills he is something of a Jack of all trades Amongst other things he is a talented fisher and a competent hockey player However his love of bragging often leads him to overestimate his abilities so that when he sets out to make good on his boasts he gets in over his head usually to hilarious effect Another of his personality traits is perseverance Even though he can at times be a slacker and likes to say that his favorite place to be is in a hammock once he has committed to accomplishing something he goes for it 100 percent sometimes resorting to extreme measures to reach his goal Health There is a running gag in the Donald Duck comics about him being physically unhealthy and unmotivated to exercise Usually some character close to Donald annoys him by saying he is being lazy and needs to get some exercise But despite his apparent idleness Donald proves that he is muscular In the short film Sea Scouts Donald is traveling with his nephews in a boat when it is attacked by a shark Donald makes several attempts to defeat the shark each of which proves ineffective but then finally triumphs and defeats the shark with a single well placed punch Additionally as discussed below Donald had a stint in the U S Army during World War II that culminated with him serving as a commando in the film Commando Duck and he was frequently away serving in the U S Navy in the television cartoon series DuckTales Friendly rivalry with Mickey Mouse Throughout his appearances Donald has shown that he is jealous of Mickey and wants his job as Disney s greatest star similar to the rivalry between Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck In most Disney theatrical cartoons Mickey and Donald are shown as friends and have little to no rivalry exceptions being The Band Concert Magician Mickey and near the end of Symphony Hour which were due to Donald s antagonistic schemes However by the time The Mickey Mouse Club aired on television after Bugs vs Daffy cartoons such as the hunting trilogy of Rabbit Fire Rabbit Seasoning and Duck Rabbit Duck it was shown that Donald always wanted the spotlight One animated short that rivaled the Mickey Mouse March song showed Huey Dewey and Louie as Boy Scouts and Donald as their Scoutmaster at a cliff near a remote forest and Donald leads them in a song mirroring the Mouseketeers theme D O N A L D D U C K Donald Duck The rivalry has caused Donald some problems for example in a 1988 TV special where Mickey is cursed by a sorcerer to become unnoticed the world believes Mickey to be kidnapped Donald Duck is then arrested for the kidnapping of Mickey as he is considered to be the chief suspect due to their feud However Donald did later get the charges dismissed due to lack of evidence Walt Disney in his Wonderful World of Color would sometimes make reference to the rivalry Walt one time had presented Donald with a gigantic birthday cake and commented how it was even bigger than Mickey s which pleased Donald The clip was rebroadcast in November 1984 during a TV special honoring Donald s 50th birthday with Dick Van Dyke substituting for Walt The rivalry between Mickey and Donald was shown in the 2001 2003 television series House of Mouse It was shown that Donald wanted to be the club s founder and wanted to change the name from House of Mouse to House of Duck which is obvious in the episodes The Stolen Cartoons and Timon and Pumbaa In the episode Everybody Loves Mickey Donald s jealousy is explored and even joins sides with Mortimer Mouse However Donald has a change of heart when Daisy reminds Donald how Mickey has always been there to support him Since then Donald accepted that Mickey was the founder and worked with Mickey as a partner to make the club profitable and successful Enemies Donald has numerous enemies who range from comical foil to annoying nemesis Chip n Dale Pete Humphrey the Bear Spike the Bee Mountain Lion Louie Bootle Beetle Witch Hazel in Trick or Treat Aracuan Bird and Baby Shelby in Mickey Mouse Works During the Second World War Donald was often set against Adolf Hitler 12 In the comics he is often harassed or on the run from the Beagle Boys Magica De Spell Gladstone Gander and Mr Jones In the video game Donald Duck Goin Quackers he saves Daisy from Merlock The Italian produced comic PKNA Paperinik New Adventures stars Donald Duck as Paperinik or Duck Avenger in his battles against new alien enemies Evronian Empire founded by emperor Evron OriginVoice performer Clarence Nash auditioned for Walt Disney Studios when he learned that Disney was looking for people to create animal sounds for his cartoons Disney was particularly impressed with Nash s duck imitation and chose him to voice the new character Disney came up with Donald s iconic attributes including his short temper and his sailor suit based on ducks and sailors both being associated with water 13 While Dick Huemer and Art Babbit were the first to animate Donald Dick Lundy is credited for developing him as a character 14 On April 29 1934 five days before The Wise Little Hen s first theatrical release bandleader Raymond Paige performed the score to the cartoon on his California Melodies program for the Los Angeles AM radio station KHJ The main vocals were performed by a trio the Three Rhythm Kings Clarence Nash and Florence Gill performed the character voices for this radio treatment with Nash performing both Donald Duck and Peter Pig making it the first time the public heard Nash s duck voice 15 AnimationEarly development Further information Donald Duck filmography nbsp Donald Duck as he first appeared in The Wise Little Hen 1934 Donald Duck s first film appearance was in the 1934 cartoon The Wise Little Hen which was part of the Silly Symphonies series of theatrical cartoon shorts 16 The film s given release date of June 9 is officially recognized by the Walt Disney Company as Donald s birthday 17 though historian J B Kaufman consultant of The Walt Disney Family Museum discovered in recent years that The Wise Little Hen was first shown on May 3 1934 at the Carthay Circle Theater for a benefit program while its official debut was on June 7 at the Radio City Music Hall 15 Donald s appearance in the cartoon as created by animator Dick Lundy is similar to his modern look the feather and beak colors are the same as are the blue sailor shirt and hat but his features are more elongated his body plumper his feet smaller and his sclerae white Donald s personality is not developed either in the short he only fills the role of the unhelpful friend from the original story Burt Gillett brought Donald back in a 1934 Mickey Mouse cartoon Orphans Benefit Donald is one of a number of characters who are giving performances in a benefit for Mickey s Orphans 18 Donald s act is to recite the poems Mary Had a Little Lamb and Little Boy Blue but every time he tries the mischievous orphans heckle him leading the duck to fly into a squawking fit of anger This explosive personality would remain with Donald for decades to come Donald continued to be a hit with audiences The character began appearing regularly in most Mickey Mouse cartoons Cartoons from this period such as the cartoon The Band Concert 1935 in which Donald repeatedly disrupts the Mickey Mouse Orchestra s rendition of The William Tell Overture by playing Turkey in the Straw are regularly noted by critics as exemplary films and classics of animation Animator Ben Sharpsteen also created the classic Mickey Donald and Goofy comedy in 1935 with the cartoon Mickey s Service Station 18 In 1936 Donald was redesigned to be a bit fuller rounder and cuter beginning with the cartoon Moving Day He also began starring in solo cartoons the first of which was Ben Sharpsteen s 1937 cartoon Don Donald This short also introduced a love interest of Donald s Donna Duck who evolved into Daisy Duck 19 Donald s nephews Huey Dewey and Louie would make their first animated appearance a year later in the 1938 film Donald s Nephews directed by Jack King they had been earlier introduced in the Donald Duck comic strip by Al Taliaferro see below By 1938 most polls showed that Donald was more popular than Mickey Mouse 20 Wartime nbsp Donald worked in a Nazi factory in Der Fuehrer s Face 1943 During World War II Donald appeared in several animated propaganda films including the 1943 Der Fuehrer s Face In this cartoon Donald plays a worker in an artillery factory in Nutzi Land Nazi Germany He struggles with long working hours very small food rations 21 and having to salute every time he sees a picture of the Fuhrer Adolf Hitler These pictures appear in many places such as on the assembly line in which he is screwing in the detonators of various sizes of shells In the end he becomes little more than a small part in a faceless machine with no choice but to obey until he falls suffering a nervous breakdown Then Donald wakes up to find that his experience was in fact a dream At the end of the short Donald looks to the Statue of Liberty and the American flag with renewed appreciation Der Fuehrer s Face won the 1942 Academy Award for Animated Short Film Der Fuehrer s Face was also the first of two animated short films to be set during the War to win an Oscar the other being Tom and Jerry s short film The Yankee Doodle Mouse 22 Other shorts from this period include a six film mini series that follows Donald s life in the U S Army from his drafting to his experiences in basic training under Sergeant Pete to his first actual mission as a commando having to sabotage a Japanese air base Titles in the series include Donald Gets Drafted May 1 1942 shown in his Selective Service Draft Card close up we learn Donald s full name Donald Fauntleroy Duck 23 The Vanishing Private September 25 1942 Sky Trooper November 8 1942 Fall Out Fall In April 23 1943 The Old Army Game November 5 1943 Commando Duck June 2 1944 Thanks in part to these films Donald graced the nose artwork of virtually every type of World War II Allied combat aircraft from the L 4 Grasshopper to the B 29 Superfortress 24 Donald also appears as a mascot such as in the United States Army Air Forces 309th Fighter Squadron 25 and the U S Coast Guard Auxiliary which showed Donald as a fierce looking pirate ready to defend the American coast from invaders 26 Donald also appeared as a mascot emblem for the 415th Fighter Squadron 438th Fighter Squadron 479th Bombardment Squadron and 531st Bombardment Squadron He also appeared as the mascot for the Fire Department at Marine Corps Air Station El Toro as well as the Army Air Forces now currently the United States Air Force 319 Aircraft Maintenance Unit at Luke Air Force Base where he is seen wearing an old style pilot s uniform with a board with a nail in it in one hand and a lightning bolt in the other hand Donald s most famous appearance however was on the North American Aviation B 25B Mitchell medium bomber S N 40 2261 piloted by Lt Ted W Lawson of the 95th Bombardment Squadron USAAF The aircraft named the Ruptured Duck and carrying a picture of Donald s face above a pair of crossed crutches was one of sixteen B 25Bs which took off from the aircraft carrier USS Hornet to bomb Tokyo on April 18 1942 during the Doolittle Raid The mission was led by Lieutenant Colonel later General Jimmy Doolittle Like most of the aircraft that participated in the mission the Ruptured Duck was unable to reach its assigned landing field in China following the raid and ended up ditching off the coast near Shangchow China The Ruptured Duck s pilot survived with the loss of a leg and later wrote about the Doolittle Raid in the book later to be the 1944 movie Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo During World War II Disney cartoons were not allowed to be imported into Occupied Europe owing to their propagandistic content Since this lost Disney revenue he decided to create a new audience for his films in South America He decided to make a trip through various Latin American countries with his assistants and use their experiences and impressions to create two feature length animation films The first was Saludos Amigos 1942 which consisted of four short segments two of them with Donald Duck In the first he meets his parrot pal Jose Carioca The second film was The Three Caballeros 1944 in which he meets his rooster friend Panchito Several decades after the war on account of the fact that Donald was never officially separated from service in either his animated shorts or his comic strips as part of Donald s 50th Birthday celebrations during the 25th Annual Torrance California Armed Forces Day Parade the U S Army retired Donald Duck from active duty as a Buck Sergeant 27 i e Buck Sergeant Duck 28 Post war Many of Donald s films made after the war recast the duck as the brunt of some other character s pestering Donald is seen repeatedly attacked harassed and ridiculed by his nephews by the chipmunks Chip n Dale or by other characters such as Humphrey the Bear Spike the Bee Bootle Beetle the Aracuan Bird Louie the Mountain Lion or a colony of ants In effect much like Bugs Bunny cartoons from Warner Bros the Disney artists had reversed the classic screwball scenario perfected by Walter Lantz and others in which the main character is the instigator of these harassing behaviors rather than the butt of them The post war Donald also starred in educational films such as Donald in Mathmagic Land and How to Have an Accident at Work both 1959 and made cameos in various Disney projects such as The Reluctant Dragon 1941 and the Disneyland television show 1959 For this latter show Donald s uncles Ludwig von Drake 1961 and Scrooge McDuck 1967 were then created in animation In Who Framed Roger Rabbit 1988 Donald has a piano duel scene with his Warner Brothers counterpart Daffy Duck voiced by Mel Blanc Donald has since appeared in several different television shows and short animated movies He played roles in The Prince and the Pauper 1990 and made a cameo appearance in A Goofy Movie 1995 Donald had a rather small part in the animated television series DuckTales There Donald joins the U S Navy and leaves his nephews Huey Dewey and Louie with their Uncle Scrooge who then has to take care of them Donald s role in the overall series was fairly limited as he only ended up appearing in a handful of episodes when home on leave Some of the stories in the series were loosely based on the comics by Carl Barks Donald made some cameo appearances in Bonkers before getting his own television show Quack Pack This series featured a modernized Duck family Donald was no longer wearing his sailor suit and hat but a Hawaiian shirt Huey Dewey and Louie now are teenagers with distinct clothing voices and personalities Daisy Duck has lost her pink dress and bow and has a new haircut No other family members besides Ludwig von Drake appear in Quack Pack and all other Duckburg citizens are humans and not dogs He made a comeback as the star of the Noah s Ark segment of Fantasia 2000 1999 as first mate to Noah Donald musters the animals to the Ark and attempts to control them He tragically believes that Daisy has been lost while she believes the same of him but they are reunited at the end All this to Edward Elgar s Pomp and Circumstance Marches 1 4 In an alternate opening for the Disney film Chicken Little 2005 Donald would have made a cameo appearance as Ducky Lucky This scene can be found on the Chicken Little DVD nbsp Donald in Mickey Mouse ClubhouseDonald also played an important role in Mickey Mouse Works and House of Mouse In the latter show he is the co owner of Mickey s nightclub He is part of the ensemble cast of characters in the TV show Mickey Mouse Clubhouse as well He also appears in the new 3 minute Mickey Mouse TV shorts for Disney Channel Donald also appears in the DuckTales reboot in which he is a main character as opposed to his minor role in the original cartoon The series depicts him as having once been Scrooge s partner in adventure along with his sister Della However ten years prior to the series beginning Della went missing leading to Donald and Scrooge going their separate ways and not speaking to each other throughout that time In the present Donald reluctantly brings Della s sons and his legal charges the triplets to Scrooge s mansion so he can babysit them while Donald attends a job interview though he still has not forgiven Scrooge for their past history Donald is temporarily hired by Scrooge s rival Flintheart Glomgold and ends up at the city of Atlantis where Scrooge has also brought the boys After some initial conflict Scrooge offers to let them stay with him in his mansion Donald owns a boat in the series which is relocated to Scrooge s pool at the conclusion of the series premiere Later in the series it is revealed that Donald s anger is the result of a fear that no one can understand him though with the help of an anger management counselor and while taking care of Huey Dewey Louie he was able to channel it into protective instinct Voice actors nbsp Tony Anselmo and Clarence NashDonald s first voice was performed by Clarence Nash who voiced him for 50 years 29 Nash voiced Donald for the last time in Mickey s Christmas Carol 1983 making Donald the only character in the film to be voiced by his original voice actor He did however continue to provide Donald s voice for commercials promos and other miscellaneous material until he died in 1985 From 1964 to 1979 Jim Tadevic occasionally filled in for Nash whenever he was unavailable voicing Donald in commercials educational products and the album Mickey Mouse Disco for the song Macho Duck 30 Jack Wagner voiced Donald and other Disney characters in the 1980s primarily for live entertainment offerings in the parks Disney on Ice shows and live action clips for television Since Nash died Donald s voice has been performed by Disney animator Tony Anselmo who was mentored by Nash for the role 31 Anselmo s first performance as Donald is heard in a 1986 D TV special D TV Valentine on The Disney Channel and in his first feature film Who Framed Roger Rabbit in 1988 Walt Disney insisted on character consistency and integrity which extended to characters being portrayed by only one actor However there were instances in which other actors would voice Disney characters for various smaller films recordings theme parks and other projects Accuracy and consistency became an issue In 1988 Imagineer Les Perkins convinced Jeffrey Katzenberg and Roy E Disney to approved the creation the department of Disney Character Voices to insure continuation of character integrity consistency and quality in recording methods Roy named one official voice for all Walt Disney legacy characters Tony Anselmo was approved by Roy E Disney as Disney s official voice of Donald Duck 32 For the TV series Mickey and the Roadster Racers Donald was voiced by voice actor Daniel Ross 33 34 Anselmo continues as the official voice of Donald Duck on all Disney projects Mickey Mouse Funhouse Mickey Mouse shorts Legend of the Three Caballeros Kingdom Hearts IIII Disney Parks attractions and consumer products In the 2017 reboot of DuckTales a young Donald was voiced by Russi Taylor in the episode Last Christmas using the same voice that she used for Huey Dewey and Louie in various Disney media After Taylor s death in 2019 she was replaced by Cristina Vee in the episode The First Adventure 35 An alternate version of Donald s voice was provided by Don Cheadle in the episode The Shadow War after he takes a pill that makes his voice more intelligible 36 37 This voice returned in the episode Quack Pack ComicsMain article Donald Duck in comics While Donald s cartoons continue to be shown in the United States and around the world his weekly and monthly comic books enjoy their highest profile in many European countries especially Italy Sweden Denmark Norway Finland and Iceland but also Germany the Netherlands and Greece Most of them are produced and published by the Italian branch of the Walt Disney Company in Italy Disney Italy and by Egmont in Denmark Norway Finland and Sweden In Germany the comics are published by Ehapa which has since become part of the Egmont empire Donald comics have also been produced in The Netherlands and France Donald also has been appeared in Japanese comics published by Kodansha and Tokyopop According to the Inducks which is a database about Disney comics worldwide American Italian and Danish stories have been reprinted in the following countries In most of them publications still continue Australia Austria Argentina Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Canada China Colombia Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Faroe Islands Egypt Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Guyana Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Israel Italy Japan Latvia Lithuania Mexico the Netherlands Norway Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Russia Saudi Arabia Slovakia Spain Sweden Thailand Turkey the United Kingdom the United States and the former Yugoslavia Early development The character s first appearance in comic strip format was the 1934 Silly Symphony comic strip sequence based on the short The Wise Little Hen 38 For the next few years Donald made a few more appearances in Disney themed strips and by 1936 he had grown to be one of the main characters in the Silly Symphony strip Ted Osborne was the primary writer of these strips with Al Taliaferro as his artist Osborne and Taliaferro also introduced several members of Donald s supporting cast including his nephews Huey Dewey and Louie In 1937 an Italian publisher named Mondadori created the first Donald Duck story intended specifically for comic books The eighteen page story written by Federico Pedrocchi is the first to feature Donald as an adventurer rather than simply a comedic character Fleetway in England also began publishing comic book stories featuring the duck Developments under Taliaferro A daily Donald Duck comic strip drawn by Taliaferro and written by Bob Karp began running in the United States on February 2 1938 the Sunday strip began the following year Taliaferro and Karp created an even larger cast of characters for Donald s world He got a new St Bernard named Bolivar 39 and his family grew to include cousin Gus Goose and grandmother Elvira Coot Donald s new rival girlfriends were Donna and Daisy Duck Taliaferro also gave Donald his very own automobile a 1934 Belchfire Runabout in a 1938 story which is often nicknamed by Donald s 313 car plate in the comic incarnation of Donald s world Developments under Barks nbsp Carl Barks 1901 2000 In 1942 Western Publishing began creating original comic book stories about Donald and other Disney characters Bob Karp worked on the earliest of these a story called Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold The new publisher meant new illustrators however Carl Barks and Jack Hannah would later repeat the treasure hunting theme in many more stories Barks soon took over the major development of the duck as both writer and illustrator Under his pen Donald became more adventurous less temperamental and more eloquent Pete was the only other major character from the Mickey Mouse comic strip to feature in Barks new Donald Duck universe Barks placed Donald in the city of Duckburg creating a host of supporting players including Neighbor Jones 1944 Uncle Scrooge McDuck 1947 Gladstone Gander 1948 the Beagle Boys 1951 Gyro Gearloose 1952 April May and June 1953 Flintheart Glomgold 1956 Magica de Spell 1961 and John D Rockerduck 1961 Many of Taliaferro s characters made the move to Barks world as well including Huey Dewey and Louie Barks placed Donald in both domestic and adventure scenarios and Uncle Scrooge became one of his favorite characters to pair up with Donald Scrooge s profile increased and by 1952 the character had a comic book of his own At this point Barks concentrated his major efforts on the Scrooge stories and Donald s appearances became more focused on comedy or he was recast as Scrooge s helper following his rich uncle around the globe Further developments Dozens of writers continued to utilize Donald in their stories around the world For example the Disney Studio artists who made comics directly for the European market Two of them Dick Kinney 1917 1985 and Al Hubbard 1915 1984 created Donald s cousin Fethry Duck The American artists Vic Lockman and Tony Strobl 1915 1991 who were working directly for the American comic books created Moby Duck Strobl was one of the most productive Disney artists of all time and drew many stories which Barks wrote and sketched after his retirement In the 1990s and early 2000s these scripts were re drawn in a style closer to Barks own by Dutch artist Daan Jippes Italian publisher Mondadori created many of the stories that were published throughout Europe They also introduced numerous new characters who are today well known in Europe One example is Donald Duck s alter ego a superhero called Paperinik in Italian created in 1969 by Guido Martina 1906 1991 and Giovan Battista Carpi 1927 1999 Giorgio Cavazzano and Carlo Chendi created Umperio Bogarto a detective whose name is an obvious parody on Humphrey Bogart They also created O K Quack an extraterrestrial Duck who landed on earth in a spaceship in the shape of a coin He however lost his spaceship and befriended Scrooge and now is allowed to search through his money bin time after time looking for his ship Romano Scarpa 1927 2005 who was a very important and influential Italian Disney artist created Brigitta McBridge a female Duck who is madly in love with Scrooge Her affections are never answered by him though but she keeps trying Scarpa also came up with Dickie Duck the granddaughter of Glittering Goldie Scrooge s possible love interest from his days in the Klondike and Kildare Coot a nephew of Grandma Duck Italian artist Corrado Mastantuono created Bum Bum Ghigno a cynical grumpy and not too good looking Duck who teams up with Donald and Gyro a lot The American artist William Van Horn also introduced a new character Rumpus McFowl an old and rather corpulent Duck with a giant appetite and laziness who is first said to be a cousin of Scrooge Only later Scrooge reveals to his nephews Rumpus is actually his half brother Later Rumpus also finds out Working for the Danish editor Egmont artist Daniel Branca 1951 2005 and scriptwriters Paul Halas and Charlie Martin created Sonny Seagull an orphan who befriends Huey Dewey and Louie and his rival Mr Phelps One of the most productive Duck artists used to be Victor Arriagada Rios deceased 2012 better known under the name Vicar He had his own studio where he and his assistants drew the stories sent in by Egmont With writer editors Stefan and Unn Printz Pahlson Vicar created the character Oona a prehistoric duck princess who traveled to modern Duckburg by using Gyro s time machine She stayed and is still seen in occasional modern stories The best known Duck artist of this time is American Don Rosa He started doing Disney comics in 1987 for the American publisher Gladstone He later worked briefly for the Dutch editors but moved to work directly for Egmont soon afterwards His stories contain many direct references to stories by Carl Barks and he also wrote and illustrated a 12 part series of stories about the life of Scrooge McDuck which won him two Eisner Awards Other important artists who have worked with Donald are Freddy Milton and Daan Jippes who made 18 ten pagers which experts claim were very difficult to separate from Barks own work from the late 1940s Japanese artist Shiro Amano worked with Donald on the graphic novel Kingdom Hearts based on the Disney Square Enix video game Nordic countries Donald Duck is known in Nordic countries as Kalle Anka in Sweden 40 Anders And in Denmark Andres Ond in Iceland Donald Duck in Norway 41 and Aku Ankka in Finland 40 In the mid 1930s Robert S Hartman a German who served as a representative of Walt Disney visited Sweden to supervise the merchandise distribution of Sagokonst The Art of Fables Hartman found a studio called L Atelje Dekorator which produced illustrated cards that were published by Sagokonst Since the Disney characters on the cards appeared to be exactly on model Hartman asked the studio to create a local version of the English language Mickey Mouse Weekly In 1937 L Atelje Dekorator began publishing Musse Pigg Tidningen Mickey Mouse Magazine which had high production values and spanned 23 issues most of the magazine s content came from local producers while some material consisted of reprints from Mickey Mouse Weekly The comic anthology ended in 1938 Hartman helped Disney establish offices in all Nordic countries before he left Disney in 1941 Donald became the most successful of the Disney characters in the Nordic countries 40 and Nordic peoples recognise him better than Mickey Mouse citation needed Kalle Anka amp C o Donald s first dedicated Swedish anthology started in September 1948 In 2001 the Finnish Post Office issued a stamp set to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Donald s presence in Finland By 2005 around one out of every four Norwegians read the Norwegian edition Donald Duck amp Co per week translating to around 1 3 million regular readers During the same year every week 434 000 Swedes read Kalle Anka amp Co By 2005 in Finland the Donald Duck anthology Aku Ankka sold 270 000 copies per issue Tim Pilcher and Brad Books authors of The Essential Guide to World Comics described the Donald anthologies as the Scandinavian equivalent of the UK s Beano or Dandy a comic that generations have grown up with from grandparents to grandchildren 40 Hannu Raittila an author says that Finnish people recognize an aspect of themselves in Donald Raittila cites that Donald attempts to retrieve himself from all manner of unexpected and unreasonable scrapes using only his wits and the slim resources he can put his hands on all of which meshes nicely with the popular image of Finland as driftwood in the crosscurrents of world politics Finnish voters placing protest votes typically write Donald Duck as the candidate 42 In Sweden voters often voted for Donald Duck or the Donald Duck Party as a nonexistent candidate until a 2006 change in voting laws which prohibited voting for nonexistent candidates In a twenty year span Donald won enough votes to be in theory Sweden s ninth most popular political organization In 1985 Donald received 291 votes in an election for the Parliament of Sweden 43 By 1978 within Finland there was a debate over the morality of Donald Duck Matti Holopainen jokingly criticized Donald for living with Daisy while not being married to her for not wearing trousers and for in the words of the Library Journal being too bourgeois 44 45 Some observers from Finland from the same time period supported Donald referring to him as a genuine proletarian forced to sell his labor at slave rates to make a living The Library Journal said it was revealed that since 1950 Donald had secretly been married to Daisy 46 An annual Christmas special in Norway Denmark Finland and Sweden is From All of Us to All of You in Norway and Sweden with a title of Donald Duck and His Friends Celebrate Christmas Segments include Ferdinand the Bull a short with Chip n Dale a segment from Lady and the Tramp a sneak preview of a coming Disney movie and concludes with Jiminy Cricket performing When You Wish Upon a Star To many people watching this special is a tradition as important as having a Christmas tree citation needed Germany Donald Duck themed comics sell an average of 250 000 copies each week in Germany mostly published in the kids weekly Micky Maus and the monthlies Donald Duck Special for adults and Lustiges Taschenbuch 47 The Wall Street Journal called Donald Duck The Jerry Lewis of Germany a reference to American star Jerry Lewis popularity in France 47 Donald s dialogue in German comics tends to be more sophisticated and philosophical he quotes from German literature speaks in grammatically complex sentences and is prone to philosophical musings while the stories often take a more political tone than their American counterparts 47 features especially associated with Erika Fuchs s German translations of the comics created by The Good Duck Artist Carl Barks Christian Pfeiler former president of D O N A L D a German acronym which stands for German Organization for Non commercial Followers of Pure Donaldism says Donald is appreciated in Germany because almost everyone can identify with him He has strengths and weaknesses he lacks polish but is also very cultured and well read 47 It is through this everyman persona that Donald is able to voice philosophical truths about German society that appeal to both children and adults 47 Donald s writers and illustrators Carl Barks Don Rosa and Ub Iwerks are well known in Germany and have their own fan clubs Italy In Italy new stories about Donald Duck named Paolino Paperino and Scrooge McDuck are hosted in the kids weekly Topolino and the monthly Paperino While Paperino is written by many authors he still maintains several characteristics He is mostly an everyman but the fierce harsh temper he has in the American comic appears to be diluted into a meek weaker personality prone to comical fits of rage that are mostly subdued by the realization of its impotence His frustration at Gladstone s luck is comically enhanced in the Italian comics Donald is chronically unlucky unable to do or get anything right with Gladstone taking advantage of his superiority or taking genuine pity of his unlucky cousin and trying several plans to grant him some better luck always failing nbsp Donald Duck as Paperinik also known as Duck Avenger and Superduck outside Italy Art by Marco Rota However the constant search for an outlet to vent his frustration led the Italian rendition of Donald Duck to seek his catharsis in several ways in the sixties vexed by Scrooge s antics and Gladstone s luck he reinvented himself as Paperinik the Duck Avenger as he came to be known outside Italy an anti hero at first a self assured well adjusted brilliant hero in later stories no longer bound by the self doubt and the mockery Donald is constantly subjected 48 Duck Avenger is referred to the character Dorellik parody of Diabolik performed by Johnny Dorelli Italian actor and crooner in the Anglo Italian movie Arriva Dorellik How To Kill 400 Duponts Further along the years he fashioned for himself the additional identities of QQ7 a bumbling secret agent protecting Scrooge s riches 49 and DoubleDuck a more confident and suave secret agent in the mold of James Bond a more equilibrate mold of the heroic Duck Avenger and the tricky QQ7 often accompanied by the beautiful spy Kay K 50 Donald s secret identies are hosted in the main Topolino comics but also in several themed comics like the now defunct Paperinik PKNA PK 2 and the current Paperinik AppGrade the latter hosting reprints and new stories as well Paperinik Duck Avenger also appeared in the video games PK Out of the Shadows PK Phantom Duck 51 and The Duckforce Rises Having several full lives to live does not hamper Donald s ability to live adventures on his own he still lives adventures with his uncle Scrooge and his nephews often acting as a reluctant bumbler a ballast to the enthusiasm of his nephews and the wanderlust of his uncle and he lived a star crossed love story with a princess from another planet Reginella 52 Despite Reginella leaving a deep trace in Donald s heart he is still depicted as extremely faithful to Daisy with a small hiccup deriving by Daisy Duck having a secret identity on her own Paperinika with Paperinik and Paperinika both unaware of their secret identities cultivating a permanent status of belligerent tension He also keeps a cheerful rivalry with his neighbour Bum Bum Ghigno more a bumbler and a nuisance than he is but still a good person at heart The Italian rendition of Donald Duck seldom if ever goes by his first name having everyone including his nephews Daisy and Uncle Scrooge address him as Paperino his Italian surname He also appears in the Topolino comics depicting his childhood called Paperino Paperotto English Donald Duckling which were first produced in Italy in 1998 He lives in the fictional town Quack Town with Grandma Duck and Billy Goat Disney theme parks nbsp Donald s house boat at Mickey s Toontown DisneylandDonald Duck has played a major role in many Disney theme parks over the years He has actually been seen in more attractions and shows at the parks than Mickey Mouse has He has appeared over the years in such attractions as Animagique Mickey Mouse Revue Mickey s PhilharMagic Disneyland The First 50 Magical Years Gran Fiesta Tour Starring the Three Caballeros and the updated version of It s a Small World He also is seen in the parks as a meet and greet character Children s booksDonald has been a frequent character in children s books beginning in 1935 Most of these books were published by Whitman Publishing later called Western Publishing or one of its subsidiaries The following is a list of children s books in which Donald is the central character This does not include comic books or activity books such as coloring books It also does not include the 1931 book The Adventures of Mickey Mouse which features an entirely different character also named Donald Duck 53 Whitman Western books Walt Disney s Donald Duck 1935 first published appearance Donald Duck Story Book 1937 Donald Duck Has His Ups and Downs 1937 Donald s Lucky Day 1939 adaptation of the cartoon short of the same name Donald Duck and His Cat Troubles 1948 Bringing up the Boys 1948 Donald Duck s Kite 1949 Donald Duck and the Wishing Star 1952 a Cozy Corner book Donald Duck Goes to Disneyland 1955 Help Wanted 1955 Donald Duck and the Lost Mesa Ranch 1966 Donald Duck Board Book 1969 Better Little BooksDonald Duck Gets Fed Up 1940 Donald Duck Sees Stars 1941 Off the Beam 1943 Headed for Trouble 1943 Donald Duck and Ghost Morgan s Treasure 1946 based on Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold 1942 Donald Duck and the Green Serpent 1947 based on the comic The Terror of the River 1946 Donald Duck Lays Down the Law 1948 Donald Duck in Volcano Valley 1949 Little Golden BooksThe Great Kite Maker 1949 Donald s Toy Train 1950 based on cartoon short Out of Scale Donald Duck s Adventure 1950 a Mickey Mouse Club book Donald Duck and Santa Claus 1952 a Mickey Mouse Club book Donald Duck and the Witch 1953 Donald Duck s Toy Sailboat 1954 based on the cartoon short Chips Ahoy Donald Duck s Christmas Tree 1954 1991 based on cartoon short Toy Tinkers Donald Duck s Safety Book 1954 Donald Duck in Disneyland 1955 Donald Duck and the Mouseketeers 1956 a Mickey Mouse Club book Donald Duck and the Christmas Carol 1960 Donald Duck and the Witch Next Door 1971 Disneyland Parade with Donald Duck 1971 Donald Duck Private Eye 1972 Donald Duck Prize Driver 1974 a Mickey Mouse Club book America On Parade 1975 Donald Duck and the One Bear 1978 based on the fairy tale Goldilocks and the Three Bears Instant Millionaire 1978 Where s Grandma 1983 a Golden Stiff It book Donald Duck and the Big Dog 1986 Some Ducks Have All the Luck 1987 Tell a Tale BooksDonald Duck s Lucky Day 1951 Full Speed Ahead 1953 Donald Duck and the New Birdhouse 1956 Donald Duck in Frontierland 1957 Donald Duck and the Super Sticky Secret 1985 Tom Sawyer s Island 1985 Little Big BooksThe Fabulous Diamond Fountain 1967 Luck of the Ducks 1969 Donald Duck in Volcano Valley 1973 reprinting of 1949 Better Little Book The Lost Jungle City 1975 Grosset and Dunlap books Donald Duck 1936 D C Heath and Co books Donald Duck and His Friends 1939 a Disney Health book Donald Duck and His Nephews 1939 a Disney Health bookRandom House books Donald Duck and the Magic Stick 1974 Donald Duck Mountain Climber 1978 Donald Duck s Big Surprise 1982 Donald Duck Buys a House 1982 Walt Disney Productions books The Donald Duck Book 1978 a Golden Shape bookGrolier Scholastic books Baby Donald s Day at the Beach 2001 Baby Donald Makes a Snowfriend 2005 Beyond Disney nbsp Donald s footprints at the Grauman s Chinese Theatre in Hollywood The prints were made during the celebration of Donald s 50th birthday Donald is the only significant film and television cartoon character to appear as a mascot for a major American university a licensing agreement between Disney and the University of Oregon allows the school s sports teams to use Donald s image as its Fighting Duck mascot In 1984 Donald Duck was named an honorary alumnus of the University of Oregon during his 50th birthday celebration During a visit to the Eugene Airport 3 000 to 4 000 fans gathered for the presentation of an academic cap and gown to Donald Thousands of area residents signed a congratulatory scroll for Donald and that document is now part of Disney s corporate archives Donald was one of the few celebrities mentioned in the original version of the song Hooray for Hollywood which was first featured in the 1937 film Hollywood Hotel released only 3 years after Donald s first appearance While later versions of the song would change lyrics the line mentioning Donald was always kept In the 1940s Donald was adopted as the mascot of Brazilian sports club Botafogo after Argentinean cartoonist Lorenzo Mollas who was working in Brazil at the time drew him with the club s soccer uniform Mollas chose Donald because he complains and fights for his rights like the club s managers at those years and also because being a duck he does not lose his elegance while moving in the water an allusion to rowing He was eventually replaced so that the club would not have to pay royalties to Disney Botafogo s current official mascot is Manequinho a boy who represents the Manneken Pis statue in front of the club s head office but has since retained the status of unofficial mascot Donald s name and image are used on numerous commercial products one example being Donald Duck brand orange juice introduced by Citrus World in 1940 Donald Duck was temporarily listed as a hired employee in the database of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development as late as 1978 Given a 99 999 salary more than double the 47 500 take federal civil servants were legally limited to be paid at the time the name was unchallenged by a computer intended to catch government payroll fraud Picked as one of thirty fictitious names by the Government Accounting Office the use of it was a test to see if the payroll system of the HUD could be manipulated to defraud the government 54 Donald Duck s head and neck wearing a radio headset and wrapped in earphone wires with an expression of pain on his face and with crossed crutches below was the nose art on Lieutenant Ted W Lawson s B 25 Mitchell bomber the Ruptured Duck on the famous Doolittle Raid on Tokyo in 1942 In the 1950s an early Mad Magazine parody of Mickey Mouse called Mickey Rodent written by Walt Dizzy featured Darnold Duck whose quacky voice had to be translated for the readers and who was shamed into finally wearing pants Although Donald s military service during his wartime cartoons has mostly been in the U S Army and to a lesser extent in the U S Navy in DuckTales Walt Disney authorized Donald to be used as a mascot for the U S Coast Guard The Coast Guard image shows a fierce looking Donald Duck dressed in a pirate s outfit appearing vigilant against any potential threats to the coastal regions in the United States This image is often used on Coast Guard bases and Coast Guard cutters Donald Duck is referred to in the song The Village Green Preservation Society by The Kinks We are the Village Green Preservation Society God save Donald Duck vaudeville and variety The reference is ironical as the singer is lamenting the disappearance of perceived traditional English cultural artifacts Donald Duck makes a cameo appearance in the cartoon sequence in 200 Motels 1971 During the late 1970s Donald had his first and only disco song named Macho Duck available as part of the Mickey Mouse Disco children s album In Sweden a comic book artist named Charlie Christensen got into a legal dispute with Disney when his creation Arne Anka looked similar to Donald Duck albeit Arne is a pessimistic drunkard However Charlie made a mockery of the legal action and staged a fake death for his character which then had plastic surgery performed and reappeared as Arne X with a more corvine beak He later purchased a strap on duck beak from a novelty gift shop pointing out that If Disney is planning to give me any legal action all I have to do is remove my fake beak Donald Duck is a constant source of irritation for the eponymous hero of Donald Duk 1991 a coming of age novel by Frank Chin set in San Francisco s Chinatown nbsp Donald Duck s Star on Hollywood Walk of FameIn 1991 the Disney Corporation sued the Israeli caricaturist Dudu Geva for copyright infringement claiming his character Donald Dach in the story Moby Duck was a rip off of Donald 55 The Courts found in their favor and forced Geva to pay for the legal expenses and remove his book from the shelves More mildly the character Howard the Duck s original design was modified to include pants allegedly due to pressure from Disney 56 In 2005 Donald received his own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6840 Hollywood Blvd 57 joining other fictional characters such as Mickey Mouse Bugs Bunny Woody Woodpecker The Simpsons Winnie the Pooh Kermit the Frog Big Bird Godzilla and Snow White Donald s fame has led Disney to license the character for a number of video games such as the Kingdom Hearts series where Donald is the court magician of Disney Castle He accompanies Goofy and a young boy named Sora on a quest to find King Mickey Mouse defeat the Heartless and Nobodies and put an end to the evil Xehanort and Organization XIII 58 He is voiced by Tony Anselmo in the English version and Kōichi Yamadera in the Japanese version Italian power metal band Trick or Treat have a song called Like Donald Duck in their debut album Evil Needs Candy Too 2006 citation needed Asteroid 12410 was named after Donald Duck 59 In the 2016 US presidential election according to Donna Brazile DNC chair who quotes Charlie Baker the use of a protester in a Donald Duck costume was approved by Hillary Clinton s campaign to bring attention to Donald Trump s ducking the release of his taxes 60 AppearancesMain article Donald Duck filmography Selected short films Main article Donald Duck film series The Wise Little Hen 1934 Silly Symphony short Orphan s Benefit 1934 Mickey Mouse short The Band Concert 1935 Mickey Mouse short Donald and Pluto 1936 Mickey Mouse short Don Donald 1937 Donald Duck short n 1 Clock Cleaners 1937 Mickey Mouse short Modern Inventions 1937 Donald Duck short n 1 Donald s Ostrich 1937 Donald Duck short Donald s Better Self 1938 Donald Duck short Donald s Nephews 1938 Donald Duck short Good Scouts 1938 Donald Duck short Donald s Penguin 1939 Donald Duck short The Autograph Hound 1939 Mickey Mouse short Mr Duck Steps Out 1940 Donald Duck short Window Cleaners 1940 Donald Duck short Truant Officer Donald 1941 Donald Duck short The New Spirit 1942 Donald Duck short Donald s Snow Fight 1942 Donald Duck short Bellboy Donald 1942 Donald Duck short Donald Gets Drafted 1942 Donald Duck short Der Fuehrer s Face 1943 Donald Duck short The Clock Watcher 1945 Donald Duck short Donald s Crime 1945 Donald Duck short Chip an Dale 1947 Donald Duck short Straight Shooters 1947 Donald Duck short Inferior Decorator 1948 Donald Duck short Slide Donald Slide 1949 Donald Duck short Tea for Two Hundred 1948 Donald Duck short Toy Tinkers 1949 Donald Duck short Bee at the Beach 1950 Donald Duck short Bee on Guard 1951 Donald Duck short Let s Stick Together 1952 Donald Duck short Rugged Bear 1953 Donald Duck short Grand Canyonscope 1954 Donald Duck short No Hunting 1955 Donald Duck short Donald in Mathmagic Land 1959 educational featurette Mickey s Christmas Carol 1983 Mickey Mouse featurette The Prince and the Pauper 1990 Mickey Mouse featurette a b Originally released as a Mickey Mouse short Feature length films The Reluctant Dragon 1941 Saludos Amigos 1942 The Three Caballeros 1944 Fun and Fancy Free 1947 Melody Time 1948 Donald Duck s 50th Birthday 1984 TV Who Framed Roger Rabbit 1988 Cameo Mickey s 60th Birthday 1988 TV A Goofy Movie 1995 Cameo Mickey s Once Upon a Christmas 1999 DVD Fantasia 2000 1999 Mickey s Magical Christmas Snowed in at the House of Mouse 2001 DVD Mickey s House of Villains 2002 DVD The Lion King 1 2004 DVD Silhouetted cameo Mickey s Twice Upon a Christmas 2004 DVD Mickey Donald Goofy The Three Musketeers 2004 DVD Television series Disney anthology television series 1954 1968 DuckTales 1987 as recurring character Donald Duck Presents compilation of earlier shorts Donald s Quack Attack compilation of earlier shorts Bonkers 1993 episode Going Bonkers Quack Pack 1996 1997 Mickey Mouse Works 1999 2000 House of Mouse 2001 2003 Mickey Mouse Clubhouse 2006 2016 Mickey Mouse 2013 2019 Mickey and the Roadster Racers Mickey Mouse Mixed Up Adventures 2017 2021 DuckTales 2017 2021 Legend of the Three Caballeros 2018 61 Mickey Go Local 2019 The Wonderful World of Mickey Mouse 2020 2023 Mickey Mouse Funhouse 2021 present Video games Mickey Mouse Club House Donald Duck s Speedboat cancelled 1983 Donald Duck s Playground 1984 Donald s Alphabet Chase 1988 Donald The Hero 1988 The Lucky Dime Caper Starring Donald Duck 1991 Quackshot 1991 World of Illusion Starring Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck 1992 Deep Duck Trouble Starring Donald Duck 1993 Donald Duck no Mahō no Bōshi 1995 Disney s Magical Quest 3 starring Mickey amp Donald 1995 Donald in Maui Mallard 1995 Donald Duck Goin Quackers 2000 Mickey s Speedway USA 2000 Kingdom Hearts 2002 Disney Golf 2002 Disney s PK Out of the Shadows 2002 Kingdom Hearts Final Mix 2002 Toontown Online 2003 Kingdom Hearts Chain of Memories 2004 Kingdom Hearts II 2005 Donald Duck Quest 2006 Kingdom Hearts II Final Mix 2007 Kingdom Hearts Re Chain of Memories 2007 Duckburg P D Donald on Duty 2007 Donald Duck Quest Deluxe 2007 Disney Think Fast 2008 Donald Duck Chaos of the Road 2008 Phantom Duck 2008 Kingdom Hearts coded 2008 2010 Kingdom Hearts 358 2 Days 2009 Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep 2010 Kingdom Hearts Re coded 2010 Epic Mickey 2010 Kingdom Hearts 3D Dream Drop Distance 2012 Epic Mickey 2 The Power of Two 2012 Disney Infinity 2 0 2014 Disney Magic Kingdoms 2016 Kingdom Hearts III 2019 Kingdom Hearts Melody of Memory 2020 Disney Mirrorverse 2022 Disney Dreamlight Valley 2023 Disney Illusion Island 2023 Kingdom Hearts IV TBA Notable illustratorsCarl Barks Luciano Bottaro Daniel Branca Giovan Battista Carpi Giorgio Cavazzano Mau Heymans William Van Horn Daan Jippes Arild Midthun Don Rosa Marco Rota Romano Scarpa Tony Strobl Al Taliaferro Vicar Tetsuya Nomura Shiro Amano Kari KorhonenSee also nbsp Animation portal nbsp Cartoon portal nbsp Disney portalWalt Disney s World War II propaganda production How to Read Donald DuckReferences Walt Disney Rare BBC TV Interview Broadcasted 6th July 1959 YouTube September 14 2020 retrieved July 27 2022 Anderson Paul THE FAUNTELROY FOLLIES The Continuing History of Donald Duck waltdisney org Retrieved January 21 2021 Did You Know 8 Genius Facts About Ludwig von Drake September 22 2016 Lenburg Jeff 1999 The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons Checkmark Books pp 74 76 ISBN 0 8160 3831 7 Retrieved June 9 2021 TV Guide s 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time Archived July 16 2011 at the Wayback Machine CNN June 30 2002 retrieved June 4 2011 Not including television episodes but including short films Donald has appeared in 197 films Donald Duck at IMDb retrieved August 15 2014 The Disney character with the second most film appearances is Mickey Mouse at 167 Mickey Mouse at IMDb retrieved August 15 2014 Maltin Leonard 1987 Of Mice and Magic A History of American Animated Cartoons Revised ed Plume p 49 ISBN 0 452 25993 2 Uncovering Donald Duck s Official Voice January 29 2022 Blitz Marcia 1979 Donald Duck New York Harmony Books p 19 ISBN 978 0 517 52961 4 The Untold Truth of Donald Duck November 12 2020 Walt Disney Treasures The Chronological Donald Volume One Sabine Hake August 31 2012 Screen Nazis Cinema History and Democracy University of Wisconsin Pres p 38 ISBN 978 0 299 28713 9 Andrae 2006 p 61 Watts 2013 p 253 a b Kaufman J B June 8 2020 When s Your Birthday Cartoon Research Retrieved September 26 2020 Finch Christopher 1988 The Art of Walt Disney From Mickey Mouse to the Magic Kingdoms Twin Books p 40 ISBN 0 517 66474 7 Retrieved October 9 2020 When is Donald Duck s birthday When did he debut Guest Services Disney Archived from the original on September 1 2007 Retrieved June 7 2016 a b Watts 2013 p 252 Although the Walt Disney Company claimed Donna Duck to be the same character as Donald s longtime love interest Daisy Duck this is not so in Karp Taliaferro comics 1951 where she is a separate character appearing together with Daisy in a couple of daily newspaper strips Early illustrations of Daisy also show a clear distinction between the two Donna having a Mexican accent contrary to Daisy Free Cartoon Reviews of Fantasia Feature Length Theatrical Animated Film Bcdb com Archived from the original on May 29 2012 Retrieved August 1 2011 Donald Duck does it in style BBC News June 9 2004 Retrieved October 4 2012 Watts 2013 pp 230 231 Donald Duck 10 surprising facts about Walt Disney s character The Daily Telegraph June 9 2014 ISSN 0307 1235 Archived from the original on January 11 2022 Retrieved November 8 2017 Military Aircraft Nose Art Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale Museum Retrieved October 4 2012 309th Fighter Squadron 31st Fighter Group Archived from the original on August 23 2007 Retrieved August 30 2007 Noble Dennis L June 2001 The Corsair Fleet PDF The Beach Patrol and Corsair Fleet Coast Guard Archived from the original PDF on February 12 2012 buck sergeant The Free Dictionary Hill Jim Buck Sergeant Duck and other tales of Donald s 50th birthday celebration jimhillmedia com Archived from the original on February 14 2018 Retrieved October 12 2015 Korkis Jim June 25 2014 Becoming Donald Duck The Clarence Nash Story Mouseplanet Retrieved November 8 2017 Hollis Tim Ehrbar Greg August 16 2011 Mouse Tracks The Story of Walt Disney Records Univ Press of Mississippi ISBN 9781617034336 Retrieved December 12 2023 The album may have been titled Mickey Mouse Disco but Mickey s voice is nowhere to be heard However Donald Duck makes a memorable appearance in Macho Duck Tom Worrall s spoof of the Village People hit Macho Man with lead vocals by Nashville studio singer Eddie Frierson In this song Jim Tadevic who was on the Disney studio staff as location spotter plays Donald Tadevic had filled in as early as 1964 when Clarence Nash was unavailable to voice Donald for one reason or another appearing first in commercials and later in Disney educational products Tadevic s Donald differed from Nash s because Tadevic generated the voice in his throat rather the back of the mouth as Nash and most other successors had done Disney executives believed that Tadevic s vocal process made him more suitable for narration and other duties in which Donald s normally poor diction would have been a hindrance For Macho Duck Tadevic was called in to listen to the completed song and ad lib responses The version you hear on the album is the result of four different takes with the best stuff from each edited together he explained The end result was so entertaining that Tony Pope was then brought in to add comic dialogue to Watch Out for Goofy as the lovable bumbler made a shambles of the dance floor and its patrons If It Quacks Like This Odd Duck It Must Be Tony Anselmo People May 18 1987 Retrieved June 3 2015 The Classic Character Voice Department Disney Retrieved September 11 2022 Fact Sheet Press www disneyabcpress com Archived from the original on January 7 2017 Bring Home this Fast Paced Fun of Mickey and the Roadster Racers on Disney DVD Chip and Co December 17 2016 Retrieved January 6 2017 Donald Duck Young DuckTales Don Cheadle IS Donald Duck Disney Channel YouTube The Shadow War DuckTales Season 1 Episode 23 August 18 2017 Donald Duck modern Sisyphus still Germany s darling at 75 Deutsche Welle June 9 2009 Retrieved August 29 2017 Andrae 2006 p 189 a b c d Pilcher Tim and Brad Brooks Foreword Dave Gibbons The Essential Guide to World Comics Collins and Brown 2005 p 244 Donald Klikk no klikk Kallionpaa Katri March 7 2007 Donald Duck holds his own in the north Helsingin Sanomat Archived from the original on August 11 2007 Wolf Buck Donald Duck s a Big Bird in Politics ABC News November 5 year unstated Retrieved on January 19 2012 The truth about Donald Duck s pants May 25 2006 Mikkelson David August 27 2007 Donald Duck Banned in Finland Snopes Donald Duck Yogi Bear amp Riding Hood under fire Library Journal 103 9 1978 920 Academic Search Complete EBSCO Web December 9 2010 a b c d e Why Donald Duck Is the Jerry Lewis of Germany Susan Bernofsky The Wall Street Journal May 23 2009 Paperinik il diabolico vendicatore I TL 706 AP I N D U C K S inducks org Paperino missione Bob Fingher I TL 542 AP I N D U C K S inducks org IC TL 2735 I N D U C K S inducks org PK Phantom Duck www pocketgamer com April 25 2008 Paperino e l avventura sottomarina I TL 873 C I N D U C K S inducks org Donald Duck Arrived in Print Three Years Ealier Than His On Screen Appearance D23 June 21 2013 Retrieved December 31 2023 Berry DeMaris Cowger Nancy Slonim Scott January 1979 Donald ducks computer ABA Journal Vol 65 p 28 Retrieved April 11 2011 Becher Nir The Duck Haaretz Archived from the original on October 1 2007 Retrieved August 30 2007 Grant Steven November 1980 How Howard Got His Pants Howard the Duck Magazine New York New York Marvel Comics Group 8 24 28 Donald Duck Hollywood Icons Hollywood Chamber of Commerce Retrieved August 30 2007 Gaming Target PlayStation 2 Kingdom Hearts Preview Orbit diagram of 12410 Donald Duck 1995 SM3 at NASA a Jet Propulsion Laboratory Brazile Donna November 7 2017 Hacks the inside story of the break ins and breakdowns that put Donald Trump in the White House First ed New York NY pp 73 to 77 ISBN 9780316478519 OCLC 1007319949 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Amidi Amid June 23 2018 Disney Made A Three Caballeros TV Series But Most People Can t See It Cartoon Brew Sources nbsp Content in this article was copied from Donald Duck at The Disney Wiki which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3 0 Unported CC BY SA 3 0 license Further readingAndrae Tom 2006 Carl Barks and the Disney Comic Book Unmasking the Myth of Modernity Univ Press of Mississippi ISBN 1 57806 857 6 Blitz Marcia 1979 Donald Duck New York City Harmony Books ISBN 0 517 52961 0 O Brien Flora 1984 Judith Schuler ed Walt Disney s Donald Duck 50 Years of Happy Frustration Tucson AZ HPBooks ISBN 0 89586 333 2 Piepenbring Dan 2019 T he Book That Exposed the Cynical Politics of Donald Duck The New Yorker Watts Steven 2013 The Magic Kingdom Walt Disney and the American Way of Life University of Missouri Press ISBN 978 0 8262 1379 2 External links nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Donald Duck Donald Duck at Inducks Donald Duck on IMDb Donald Duck at Don Markstein s Toonopedia Archived from the original on April 10 2016 Malone Patrick ed Donald Duck The Encyclopedia of Disney Animated Shorts web site Archived from the original on January 19 2010 Donald Duck comic strip reprints at Creators Syndicate Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Donald Duck amp oldid 1206986948, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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