Gentianella amarella, the autumn gentian, autumn dwarf gentian,[2] or autumn felwort,[3] is a short biennial plant flowering plant in the gentian family, Gentianaceae. It is found throughout Northern Europe, the western and northern United States, and Canada.[2][4][5]
Gentianella amarella the autumn gentian, autumn dwarf gentian,[2] or autumn felwort is a biennial herbaceous plant, which only produces a low leaf rosette with elliptical to lanceolate leaves in its first year. In the second year it usually grows a stem from 5 to 30 (3 to 50) centimeters long. The stem is straight or branched just above the base; at flowering time it is without leaves which distinguishes it from similar species.
Generative characteristicsedit
The flowering period is from July to early October, and the axils produce numerous flowers.
The relatively small, hermaphrodite flowers are purplish bells (reddish-violet corolla) are trumpet-shaped between 12 and 22 mm long and have five petals with double perianth (calyx and corolla). The cup is much shorter than the crown tube. The five vestibules are upright and mostly somewhat unequal. The coronet is bearded. The ovary and the fruit are sedentary or rarely short-stalked.
Gentianella amarella was first published in 1753 under the name (basionym) Gentiana amarella by Carl Linnaeus. The new combination to Gentianella amarella was published in 1912 by Carl Julius Bernhard Börner. The epithetamarella means somewhat bitter.[6]
There are about five subspecies of Gentianella amarella:[citation needed]
It is widespread in temperate Asia and North America, e.g. Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, the Chinese provinces Heilongjiang, Hebei, Jilin, Liaoning, Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi as well as Ningxia, the Eastern Russian territories of Magadan, Buryatia, Gorno-Altay, Tuva, Yakutia-Sakha, Krasnoyarsk, Chita and Irkutsk, the Canadian provinces of Quebec, Nova Scotia, Ontario, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest Territory, Yukon Territory, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia and Nunavut, the US states Alaska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Maine, Vermont, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah and California and the northern Mexican states of Durango and Nuevo León.
Its habitat is in grass, often on lime-rich soil (in England typically on chalk).[4] It grows on dry, sandy or calcareous soils, but also on wet peat or marl soils and thus thrives in bog meadows. It is growing in the molinion association.
Referencesedit
^"Gentiana amarella (L.) Börner". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-11-03.
^ abcUSDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Gentianella amarella". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
^ abFitter, Richard; Fitter, Alastair; Blamey, Marjorie (1974). The Wild Flowers of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins. p. 182.
^Brouillet L, Desmet P, Coursol F, Meades SJ, Favreau M, Anions M, Bélisle P, Gendreau C, Shorthouse D, et al. (2010). "Gentianella amarella (Linnaeus) Börner". Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Retrieved 16 August 2020.
^"Dictionary of Botanical Epithets". botanicalepithets.net. 2019. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gentianella amarella.
Gentianella amarella agg.. In: FloraWeb.de.
Gentianella amarella. In: BiolFlor, the Datenbank biologisch-ökologischer Merkmale der Flora von Deutschland. (Database of Biological-Ecological Features of the Flora of Germany)
Distribution across the Northern hemisphere according to Eric Hultén
Thomas Meyer: Kranzenzian Data sheet and identification key with photos Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland.
Datenblatt Gentianella amarella in Montana Plant Life.
November 30, 2023
gentianella, amarella, autumn, gentian, autumn, dwarf, gentian, autumn, felwort, short, biennial, plant, flowering, plant, gentian, family, gentianaceae, found, throughout, northern, europe, western, northern, united, states, canada, scientific, classification. Gentianella amarella the autumn gentian autumn dwarf gentian 2 or autumn felwort 3 is a short biennial plant flowering plant in the gentian family Gentianaceae It is found throughout Northern Europe the western and northern United States and Canada 2 4 5 Gentianella amarellaScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade AsteridsOrder GentianalesFamily GentianaceaeGenus GentianellaSpecies G amarellaBinomial nameGentianella amarella L BornerSynonyms 1 Eyrythalia pulchella GrayGentiana amarella L Gentiana pulchella Salisb Gentianella amarella subsp euamarella A Love amp D LoveGentianusa amarella L PohlOpsantha amarella L Delarbre Contents 1 Description 1 1 Generative characteristics 2 Taxonomy and distribution 3 Ecology 4 References 5 External linksDescription editGentianella amarella the autumn gentian autumn dwarf gentian 2 or autumn felwort is a biennial herbaceous plant which only produces a low leaf rosette with elliptical to lanceolate leaves in its first year In the second year it usually grows a stem from 5 to 30 3 to 50 centimeters long The stem is straight or branched just above the base at flowering time it is without leaves which distinguishes it from similar species Generative characteristics edit The flowering period is from July to early October and the axils produce numerous flowers The relatively small hermaphrodite flowers are purplish bells reddish violet corolla are trumpet shaped between 12 and 22 mm long and have five petals with double perianth calyx and corolla The cup is much shorter than the crown tube The five vestibules are upright and mostly somewhat unequal The coronet is bearded The ovary and the fruit are sedentary or rarely short stalked The number of chromosomes is 2n 36 Taxonomy and distribution editGentianella amarella was first published in 1753 under the name basionym Gentiana amarella by Carl Linnaeus The new combination to Gentianella amarella was published in 1912 by Carl Julius Bernhard Borner The epithet amarella means somewhat bitter 6 There are about five subspecies of Gentianella amarella citation needed Image Subspecies Distribution nbsp Gentianella amarella subsp acuta Michx J M Gillett syn Comastoma acutum Michx Y Z Zhao amp X Zhang Gentiana acuta Michx Gentianella acuta Michx Hiitonen It is widespread in temperate Asia and North America e g Mongolia Inner Mongolia the Chinese provinces Heilongjiang Hebei Jilin Liaoning Shanxi Shandong Shaanxi as well as Ningxia the Eastern Russian territories of Magadan Buryatia Gorno Altay Tuva Yakutia Sakha Krasnoyarsk Chita and Irkutsk the Canadian provinces of Quebec Nova Scotia Ontario New Brunswick Newfoundland Northwest Territory Yukon Territory Saskatchewan Alberta Manitoba British Columbia and Nunavut the US states Alaska North Dakota South Dakota Maine Vermont Colorado Idaho Montana Oregon Washington Wyoming New Mexico Arizona Nevada Utah and California and the northern Mexican states of Durango and Nuevo Leon Gentianella amarella subsp amarella syn Gentiana livonica Eschsch ex Griseb Gentianella amarella subsp hibernica N M Pritch It is located in North South Southeast Central and Eastern Europe in Caucasus and Central Asia Siberia widespread Armenia Azerbaijan Dagestan Ciscaucasia Kazakhstan Magadan Buryatia Gorno Altay Tuva Yakutia Sakha Altai Krasnoyarsk Chita Irkutsk Kemerovo Novosibirsk Omsk Tomsk Tyumen Karelia Murmansk Belarus Estonia Lithuania Latvia European parts of Russia Ukraine Romania Bulgaria Serbia Slovakia Hungary Poland Czech Republic Austria Germany Belgium Switzerland Italy France Denmark Sweden Norway Finland Ireland and United Kingdom Gentianella amarella subsp lingulata C Agardh Holub syn Gentiana lingulata C Agardh It is found in the Czech Republic and Eastern Europe Gentianella amarella subsp reussii Tocl Holub It occurs in Slovakia nbsp Gentianella amarella subsp septentrionalis Druce N M Pritch It occurs in Great Britain and Iceland Ecology editIts habitat is in grass often on lime rich soil in England typically on chalk 4 It grows on dry sandy or calcareous soils but also on wet peat or marl soils and thus thrives in bog meadows It is growing in the molinion association References edit Gentiana amarella L Borner Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 2021 11 03 a b c USDA NRCS n d Gentianella amarella The PLANTS Database plants usda gov Greensboro North Carolina National Plant Data Team Retrieved 16 August 2020 Lardon Chase PDF Natural England Retrieved 2016 02 02 a b Fitter Richard Fitter Alastair Blamey Marjorie 1974 The Wild Flowers of Britain and Northern Europe Collins p 182 Brouillet L Desmet P Coursol F Meades SJ Favreau M Anions M Belisle P Gendreau C Shorthouse D et al 2010 Gentianella amarella Linnaeus Borner Database of Vascular Plants of Canada VASCAN Retrieved 16 August 2020 Dictionary of Botanical Epithets botanicalepithets net 2019 Retrieved 2021 11 02 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gentianella amarella Gentianella amarella agg In FloraWeb de Gentianella amarella In BiolFlor the Datenbank biologisch okologischer Merkmale der Flora von Deutschland Database of Biological Ecological Features of the Flora of Germany Distribution across the Northern hemisphere according to Eric Hulten Thomas Meyer Kranzenzian Data sheet and identification key with photos Flora de Flora von Deutschland Datenblatt Gentianella amarella in Montana Plant Life Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gentianella amarella amp oldid 1183379974, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
