In the scientific name of organisms, basionym or basyonym[1][2] means the original name on which a new name is based; the author citation of the new name should include the authors of the basionym in parentheses. The term "basionym" is used in both botany and zoology.[3] In zoology, alternate terms such as original combination[4] or protonym[5] are sometimes used instead. Bacteriology uses a similar term, basonym, spelled without an i.[6]
Although "basionym" and "protonym" are often used interchangeably, they have slightly different technical definitions. A basionym is the correct spelling of the original name (according to the applicable nomenclature rules), while a protonym is the original spelling of the original name.[5] These are typically the same, but in rare cases may differ.
The term "basionym" is used in botany only for the circumstances where a previous name exists with a useful description, and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants does not require a full description with the new name.[7] A basionym must therefore be legitimate. Basionyms are regulated by the code's articles 6.10, 7.3, 41, and others.[8]
When a current name has a basionym, the author or authors of the basionym are included in parentheses at the start of the author citation. If a basionym is later found to be illegitimate, it becomes a replaced synonym and the current name's author citation must be changed so that the basionym authors do not appear.
Combinatio novaedit
The basionym of the name Picea abies (the Norway spruce) is Pinus abies. The species was originally named Pinus abies by Carl Linnaeus and so the author citation of the basionym is simply "L." Later on, botanist Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten decided this species should not be grouped in the same genus (Pinus) as the pines, so he transferred it to the genus Picea (the spruces). The new name Picea abies is combinatio nova, a new combination (abbreviated comb. nov.). With author citation, the current name is "Picea abies (L.) Karst."
Status novusedit
In 1964, the subfamily name Pomoideae, which had been in use for the group within family Rosaceae that have pome fruit like apples, was no longer acceptable under the code of nomenclature because it is not based on a genus name. Claude Weber did not consider the family name Malaceae Small to be taxonomically appropriate, so he created the name Maloideae at the rank of subfamily, referring to the original description of the family, and using the same type.[9] This change of rank from family to subfamily is an example of status novus (abbreviated stat. nov.), also called a "name at new rank".
^Heiden, G. (2013). "Two new combinations in Baccharis (Asteraceae: Astereae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 2013: Article 78.
^Pyle, Richard Lawrence (2004). "Taxonomer: a relational data model for managing information relevant to taxonomic research". PhyloInformatics. 1: 1–54. Although the word 'Basionym' is more frequently used in botanical contexts than in zoological contexts, the basic concept applies equally to both (and is becoming more commonly used in zoological contexts).
^"Loterre: Zoonom: protonym (sensu Pyle)". skosmos.loterre.fr. A scientific name in its original combination, authorship and date (or more directly, the Reference association). (Pyle 2003) ; Not to be confused with "protonym" sensu Dubois.
^ abAescht, Erna (2008). "Annotated catalogue of 'type material' of ciliates (Ciliophora) and some further protists at the Upper Austrian Museum in Linz, including a guideline for 'typification' of species". Denisia. 23: 129. Basionym – a previously published legitimate name-bringing or epithet-bringing synonym from which a new name is formed for a taxon of different rank or position (term used in botanical nomenclature; ICBN 2006); correct spelling of the protonym (DUBOIS 2000). [...] Protonym – original morphonym of a hoplonym (DUBOIS 2000, 2005a).
^Tindall, B. J. (1999). "Misunderstanding the Bacteriological Code". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 49 (3): 1313–1316. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1313. PMID 10425796.
^Turland, N. (2013), The Code Decoded: A user's guide to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, vol. Regnum Vegetabile Volume 155, Koeltz Scientific Books, ISBN978-3-87429-433-1
^McNeill, J.; Barrie, F.R.; Buck, W.R.; Demoulin, V.; Greuter, W.; Hawksworth, D.L.; Herendeen, P.S.; Knapp, S.; Marhold, K.; Prado, J.; Prud'homme Van Reine, W.F.; Smith, G.F.; Wiersema, J.H.; Turland, N.J. (2012). "Glossary". International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Vol. Regnum Vegetabile 154. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG. ISBN978-3-87429-425-6.
^Weber, C. (1964). "The genus Chaenomeles (Rosaceae)". Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 45 (2): 161–205, 302–345. doi:10.5962/p.30865. Page 164, footnote 1
April 25, 2024
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In the scientific name of organisms basionym or basyonym 1 2 means the original name on which a new name is based the author citation of the new name should include the authors of the basionym in parentheses The term basionym is used in both botany and zoology 3 In zoology alternate terms such as original combination 4 or protonym 5 are sometimes used instead Bacteriology uses a similar term basonym spelled without an i 6 Although basionym and protonym are often used interchangeably they have slightly different technical definitions A basionym is the correct spelling of the original name according to the applicable nomenclature rules while a protonym is the original spelling of the original name 5 These are typically the same but in rare cases may differ Contents 1 Use in botany 1 1 Combinatio nova 1 2 Status novus 2 See also 3 ReferencesUse in botany editThe term basionym is used in botany only for the circumstances where a previous name exists with a useful description and the International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants does not require a full description with the new name 7 A basionym must therefore be legitimate Basionyms are regulated by the code s articles 6 10 7 3 41 and others 8 When a current name has a basionym the author or authors of the basionym are included in parentheses at the start of the author citation If a basionym is later found to be illegitimate it becomes a replaced synonym and the current name s author citation must be changed so that the basionym authors do not appear Combinatio nova edit The basionym of the name Picea abies the Norway spruce is Pinus abies The species was originally named Pinus abies by Carl Linnaeus and so the author citation of the basionym is simply L Later on botanist Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten decided this species should not be grouped in the same genus Pinus as the pines so he transferred it to the genus Picea the spruces The new name Picea abies is combinatio nova a new combination abbreviated comb nov With author citation the current name is Picea abies L Karst Status novus edit In 1964 the subfamily name Pomoideae which had been in use for the group within family Rosaceae that have pome fruit like apples was no longer acceptable under the code of nomenclature because it is not based on a genus name Claude Weber did not consider the family name Malaceae Small to be taxonomically appropriate so he created the name Maloideae at the rank of subfamily referring to the original description of the family and using the same type 9 This change of rank from family to subfamily is an example of status novus abbreviated stat nov also called a name at new rank See also editGlossary of scientific naming Synonym taxonomy References edit WoRMS Notadusta punctata Linnaeus 1771 Heiden G 2013 Two new combinations in Baccharis Asteraceae Astereae PDF Phytoneuron 2013 Article 78 Pyle Richard Lawrence 2004 Taxonomer a relational data model for managing information relevant to taxonomic research PhyloInformatics 1 1 54 Although the word Basionym is more frequently used in botanical contexts than in zoological contexts the basic concept applies equally to both and is becoming more commonly used in zoological contexts Loterre Zoonom protonym sensu Pyle skosmos loterre fr A scientific name in its original combination authorship and date or more directly the Reference association Pyle 2003 Not to be confused with protonym sensu Dubois a b Aescht Erna 2008 Annotated catalogue of type material of ciliates Ciliophora and some further protists at the Upper Austrian Museum in Linz including a guideline for typification of species Denisia 23 129 Basionym a previously published legitimate name bringing or epithet bringing synonym from which a new name is formed for a taxon of different rank or position term used in botanical nomenclature ICBN 2006 correct spelling of the protonym DUBOIS 2000 Protonym original morphonym of a hoplonym DUBOIS 2000 2005a Tindall B J 1999 Misunderstanding the Bacteriological Code International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 49 3 1313 1316 doi 10 1099 00207713 49 3 1313 PMID 10425796 Turland N 2013 The Code Decoded A user s guide to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants vol Regnum Vegetabile Volume 155 Koeltz Scientific Books ISBN 978 3 87429 433 1 McNeill J Barrie F R Buck W R Demoulin V Greuter W Hawksworth D L Herendeen P S Knapp S Marhold K Prado J Prud homme Van Reine W F Smith G F Wiersema J H Turland N J 2012 Glossary International Code of Nomenclature for algae fungi and plants Melbourne Code adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne Australia July 2011 Vol Regnum Vegetabile 154 A R G Gantner Verlag KG ISBN 978 3 87429 425 6 Weber C 1964 The genus Chaenomeles Rosaceae Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 45 2 161 205 302 345 doi 10 5962 p 30865 Page 164 footnote 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Basionym amp oldid 1209197088, wikipedia, 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