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Wikipedia

Music of Argentina

January 01, 1970

The music of Argentina includes a variety of traditional, classical, and popular genres. According to the Harvard Dictionary of Music, Argentina also "has one of the richest art music traditions and perhaps the most active contemporary musical life.[1]

One of the country's most significant cultural contributions is the tango, which originated in Buenos Aires and its surrounding areas during the end of the 19th century.[2] Folk music was popular during the mid-20th century, experiencing a revival in popularity during the 1950s and 1960s with the rise of the Nuevo cancionero movement.[3] The mid-to-late 1960s also saw the rise of Argentine rock (known locally as rock nacional), which is considered one of the earliest incarnations of Spanish-language rock to have an autochthonous identity that prioritized original compositions in Spanish.[citation needed] Rock nacional was widely embraced by the youth and has become an important part of the country's musical identity.

Folk music edit

Main article: History of folkloric music in Argentina
 
Atahualpa Yupanqui, 1934

Folk music—known as música folklórica or folklore in Spanish, from the English "folklore"—is a music genre that includes both traditional folk music and contemporary folk music, which emerged from the genre's 20th-century revival. Argentine folk music comes in many forms and has Indigenous, European, and African influences.

 
Los Chalchaleros quartet, 1958

In the late 50s, Argentina experienced a "folklore boom."[4] Among the most influential groups of the time were Los Chalchaleros, from Salta; Los Fronterizos, also from Salta; and Los Hermanos Ábalos from Santiago del Estero.[citation needed] Composer Ariel Ramírez and guitarist Eduardo Falú were also notable figures during this period.

Between 1960 and 1974, Leda Valladares created a documentary series, known as the Mapa musical argentino ("Musical Map of Argentina"), taping traditional folk music throughout the country. The recordings she made were funded by the National Endowment of the Arts and directed by Litto Nebbia for Melopea Records.[5][6]

 
Ariel Ramírez (at piano), President of the Argentine Society of Authors and Composers, with eminent folklore vocalist Mercedes Sosa, 1972

The Nuevo Cancionero movement was officially codified in Argentina in February 1963 with the Manifiesto Fundacional de Nuevo Cancionero ("Foundational manifesto of the New Songbook"). It was written by Armando Tejada Gómez, with the collaboration of artists like Mercedes Sosa, Oscar Matus, Tito Francia, and Eduardo Aragón.[7] Atahualpa Yupanqui was another important figure in the movement.[8]

 
Musician and folklorist Jorge Cafrune was killed in a hit-and-run shortly after defying the military dictatorship.

The 1976 dictatorship created a difficult environment for folk music. The military censored, blacklisted, and prosecuted artists, and many received anonymous phone calls warning them: "o te callas o sos tierra de cementerio" ("either you shut up, or you're cemetery land").[9] Many artists left the country, and their music was not distributed in Argentina at the time. The repressive actions and black lists against artists and intellectuals to be kidnapped or censored were known as "Operativo Claridad."[10]

The 1980s saw a resurgence of folk music after the Falklands War, which led to the fall of the dictatorship. Popular artists included Sixto Palavecino and Facundo Cabral.[11]

Soledad "La Sole" Pastorutti brought folk music to a new audience at the end of the 20th century, and, in the early 21st century, Juana Molina has earned a cult following for her fusion of electronic music, folk music and ambient sounds.[12] In 2004 the album Cantor de Cantores, by Horacio Guarany, was nominated for the Latin Grammy Award for Best Folk Album.[13]

Notable folk music festivals edit

The Cosquín National Folklore Festival is an annual music festival held in Cosquín—a small town in Córdoba, Argentina. The festival first took place between January 21 and 29, 1961, and has grown to include musicians from across Argentina and neighboring countries.[14][15] The principal focus of the festival is traditional folk music, but other genres are presented.[16]

Though not an official partner, Cosquín en Japón ("Cosquín in Japan")—a three-day folk festival held in Kawamata, Fukushima, Japan—does derive its name from the Cosquín National Folklore Festival.[17]

The Cosquín National Folklore Festival typically includes representatives from musical genres developed in Argentina and its surrounding areas, including:

  • Cogoyo
  • La Condición
  • Copla
  • El Cuando
  • Cumbia villera
  • Décima
  • Escondido
  • Firmeza
  • Gato
  • Guaracha santiagueña
  • Huella
  • Huayno

Variations of Argentine Folk Music By Region edit

Andean music edit

Main article: Andean music
 
A quena, a traditional Andean instrument

Andean music refers to a group of Indigenous musical styles from the Andes. In Northern Argentina, tarkeada is a popular style played on wooden flutes.

Noted interpreters of Andean music include Jaime Torres, a charango player, and Micaela Chauque, a Qulla Argentine composer who specializes in the quena and siku.[18][19]

Andean music has also been fused with other styles of music by musicians such as Daniel Tinte and on songs such as "Cuando pase el temblor " by Soda Stereo and "Lamento boliviano" by Los Enanitos Verdes.[20][21][22]

Chacarera edit

Main article: Chacarera
 
Folk singer Mercedes Sosa playing a bombo legüero, a traditional drum used in chacarera

Chacarera is a traditional folk dance and musical style developed in the rural northwest of Argentina, namely in Santiago del Estero, with both African and European influences.[23][24] The name chacarera has its origins in the Andean term "chacra," which refers to farms or agricultural fields.[25][26] Some academics theorize that the dance developed as a tribute to the female workers of these farms.[24]

The traditional instruments used in chacarera are guitars, violins and the bombo legüero.[27][28]

In January, Santiago del Estero hosts the annual Festival Nacional de la Chacarera ("National Chacarera Festival").[29] The festival was founded in 1971 by folk musicians Agustín and Carlos Carabajal.[30]

Chamamé edit

Main article: Chamamé

Chamamé is a traditional folk dance and musical style from northeast Argentina, with Corrientes often cited as the style's birthplace.[31] It has Guaraní, Paraguayan, Spanish, and central European influences, and incorporates elements of popular dances from the 19th century, such as the waltz, mazurka, and Paraguayan polka.[32][33]

The traditional instruments used in chamamé are the violin and vihuela. Guitars, harmonicas, accordions, bandoneons and double basses were later incorporated.[31]

Notable chamamé musicians include Teresa Parodi, Raúl Barboza, Chango Spasiuk, Tránsito Cocomarola, Ramona Galarza, and Alejandro Brittes.

Popular music edit

 
Francisco Canaro and his Tango Orchestra, circa 1930

Tango edit

Main article: Tango music

Tango was developed in the bars and port areas of Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay, by the cities' urban lower class.[34] It emerged as a fusion of various styles of music from across the globe including European styles such as flamenco, minuet, polka, mazurka, and contradanza; Argentine and Uruguayan folk music, including candombe, payada and milonga (considered a precursor to tango); and sub-Saharan African influences.[35][36][37][38]

 
Vocalist Carlos Gardel brought tango to new audiences in the 1920s and 30s.

The golden age of tango is generally considered to have been from 1935 to 1952. At this time, tango was generally performed by large orchestral groups known as orquestas típicas, which typically featured over a dozen performers.[39] Notable band leaders at the time included Francisco Canaro, Julio de Caro, Osvaldo Pugliese, Aníbal Troilo, Juan d'Arienzo, and Alfredo De Angelis. Notable vocalists from the era included Carlos Gardel, Roberto Goyeneche, Hugo del Carril, Tita Merello, Susana Rinaldi, Edmundo Rivero, and Ignacio Corsini.

 
Astor Piazzolla

In the 1950s, Astor Piazzolla revolutionized tango with his nuevo tango, which incorporated elements of jazz and classical music.[40][41] Though his innovations were initially scorned by traditionalists, Piazzolla's compositions eventually earned him widespread recognition and celebration.[42] Many musicians who worked with Piazzolla went on to have their own successful careers, including violinist Antonio Agri; fellow bandoneón virtuosi José Libertella and Rodolfo Mederos; and pianists Horacio Salgán and Pablo Ziegler.

Today, tango continues to enjoy popularity on both a local and international level. Buenos Aires is home to both professional demonstrations and local gatherings at bars and community centres across the city, and hosts the annual Campeonato Mundial de Baile de Tango, typically in August.[43] Groups like Tanghetto, Bajofondo, Gotan Project, and Típica Messiez bring both nuevo tango and traditional tango to new audiences.[44] Finnish tango, an established variation of the Argentine tango but whose rhythm follows the ballroom tango, is also incredibly popular in Finland.[45]

Rock Music edit

Main article: Argentine rock
 
Soda Stereo was one of the first Spanish-language rock groups to reach international audiences.

Rock music from Argentina, commonly known as Argentine rock or rock nacional ("national rock"), is one of the earliest incarnations of Spanish-language rock. Argentina was one of the major exporters of rock en español during the 1980s, with several Argentine acts achieving international success during the decade, including Soda Stereo, Virus, and Enanitos Verdes.

Subgenres of Argentine rock may include:

1960s edit

 
Sandro y Los de Fuego was heavily influenced by Elvis Presley.

Early Argentine rock and roll was heavily influenced by Anglophone artists. Singer and actor Sandro initially styled himself after Elvis Presley, and even earned the nickname "the Argentine Elvis." His music is often considered a precursor to Argentine rock.[46] At the same time, the variety show El Club del Clan hoped to compete in the domestic rock and roll market by offering young people a mixture of pop music, rock and roll, bolero and cumbia. The show was extremely popular and turned its cast—including Palito Ortega, Leo Dan, Billy Caffaro, Violeta Rivas, and Cachita Galán—into the first national teen idols.[47][48] Both Sandro and El Club del Clan offered young Argentines the opportunity to listen to rock and roll in Spanish at a time when the market was dominated by music in English.

Beatlemania reached Argentina during the early 1960s and inspired many local cover bands who sang predominately in English.[49] A definitive shift occurred with Los Gatos' 1967 single "La balsa," which established the distinctive sound and emphasis of Spanish-language lyrics that have defined Argentine rock.[49] The 1960s also saw the rise of groups like Almendra, Vox Dei, Manal, and Pedro y Pablo, and singer-songwriters like Tanguito, Moris, and Javier Martinez.

1970s edit

 
Sui Generis

By 1970, Argentine rock had become established among middle-class youth with groups like Almendra, Pescado Rabioso, Color Humano, Arco Iris, Sui Generis, and Serú Girán.

Band lineups were often tenuous, with members frequently leaving or dissolving bands and forming new ones. Notable examples include Luis Alberto Spinetta, who founded Almendra, Pescado Rabioso, and Invisible during the decade, and would form additional bands during the 80s, and Charly García, who formed part of Sui Generis, PorSuiGieco, La Máquina de Hacer Pájaros, and Serú Girán over the course of the 1970s.

Artists often faced pushback from the military dictatorship, and were often forced to censor their music, or utilize metaphors to bypass the government.[50]

1980s and 90s edit

 
Viuda e hijas de Roque Enroll were part of a wave of música divertida that became popular in Argentina after the fall of the dictatorship.

During the Falklands War, the dictatorship banned music in English from playing on the radio, giving Argentine musicians additional exposure on the airwaves.[51] This, paired with the fall of the dictatorship in 1983, allowed Argentine rock to grow and reach new audiences in Argentina and abroad. Several Argentine groups were able to achieve international recognition during this period, and were featured in the Rock en tu idioma publicity campaign.[52]

In the 80s, Argentine rock moved away from the folk style that had dominated the 70s and embraced new production styles and irreverent sounds and lyrics with groups like Soda Stereo, Virus, Los Twists, Viuda e hijas de Roque Enroll, and Los Abuelos de la Nada gaining popularity.[53][54][55] Of course, this música divertida ("fun music") wasn't the only music being created during the decade. Sumo and Los Fabulosos Cadillacs brought ska influences into the fold; Riff, La Torre, V8, and Rata Blanca were all notable heavy metal bands; and rock rolinga, a style heavily influenced by The Rolling Stones, was popular with groups like Los Ratones Paranoicos.[56][57][58] Other important acts included Charly García (now a successful solo artist), Fabiana Cantilo, Celeste Carballo, Sandra Mihanovich, Los Violadores, and Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota.

Like the 1980s, the 1990s saw a continued diversification of influences in Argentine rock. Heavy metal bands like A.N.I.M.A.L., Tren Loco, and Horcas gained more mainstream success; Fito Páez and Los Rodríguez achieved popularity with pop-influenced styles; and Iguana Lovers and Babasónicos were important groups of the movida sónica ("sonic movement"), which was a local interpretation of alternative rock.[59]

 
After the separation of Soda Stereo in 1997, Gustavo Cerati launched a successful solo career in the 90s and 2000s.

2000s–present edit

While rock is no longer the dominant genre in Argentina, it continues to play an important role in Argentine national identity. Graffiti of influential artists like Luis Alberto Spinetta, Charly García, and Gustavo Cerati can be spotted around Buenos Aires, and the Cosquín Rock music festival has brought local and international acts to Cosquín, Córdoba since 2001.[60][61][62][63]

Notable acts have included: Él Mató a un Policía Motorizado, Airbag, Árbol, Los Espíritus, Marilina Bertoldi, Eruca Sativa, Fidel Nadal, Tersivel, and Triddana.

Electronic edit

 
Argentine DJ and producer Tayhana

Rock musician Gustavo Cerati helped pioneer electronica in South America during the 80s and 90s, and the genre heavily influenced his 1999 album Bocanada.[64][65] The genre continued to grow during the 2000s and many artists gained local notoriety at the Zizek Club nights at the Niceto Club in Buenos Aires.[66] After three years, the club nights evolved into ZZK Records, an independent record label that helped pioneer electro-folklore in Latin America, with a focus on cumbia fusion.[67][68]

Argentina has also been home to the annual electronic music festival Creamfields BA.

Electronic artists from Argentina include DJ Hernán Cattáneo;[69] indietronica band Entre Ríos; electropop band Miranda!; tango fusion bands Bajofondo Tango Club and the Gotan Project; cumbia fusion artists Faauna and El Remolón; Heatbeat;[70] and DJ and producer Tayhana.[71]

Pop edit

 
Billy Cafaro's cover of Paul Anka's "Pity Pity" sold 300,000 copies in 1960.[72]

In the postwar era, pop music in Argentina has been heavily influenced by American and English musicians. During the 1950s and 60s, la nueva ola movement established the start of youth-oriented pop music in South America, and musicians often recorded popular English-language songs in Spanish.[72] Notable early pop performers include Billy Cafaro, Violeta Rivas, and Palito Ortega.

During the 1980s, several Argentine rock embraced elements of pop—such as repeated choruses and danceability—as part of the música divertida ("fun music") movement. These groups included Los Twists, Viuda e hijas de Roque Enroll, and Los Abuelos de la Nada.[73] The cumbia pop group Las Primas gained popularity with songs like "Saca la Mano, Antonio" during this decade.[74]

Following the success of the Spice Girls and other girl groups, the reality television show Popstars brought together Ivonne Guzmán, Lourdes Cecilia Fernández, Valeria Gastaldi, Virginia Da Cunha and María Elizabeth Vera to form the pop group Bandana.[75] The group was very popular with teenage girls and was one of Argentina's best selling groups during the early 2000s.[76][77]

Lali Espósito was a part of the teen pop band Teen Angels, before launching a successful solo career in 2013.[78][79] Since then, several other artists have joined the pop music scene, including Tini, Oriana, J Mena, LOUTA, and Emilia.

Other notable pop acts over the decades include Alejandro Lerner, Axel, Valeria Lynch, Tormenta, and María Jimena Pereyra.

 
Leonor Marzano, whom Cuarteto Característico La Leo is named after, was a major influence on the musical genre cuarteto.

Cuarteto edit

Main article: Cuarteto

Cuarteto, sometimes known as cuartetazo, is a form of dance music from Córdoba, Argentina, that is similar to merengue.[80] The word cuarteto translates to "quartet" in English—the genre got its name from the Cuarteto Característico Leo, a quartet which is credited with inventing the genre.[81]

Cuarteto has been part of Argentina's musical heritage since the 1940s and underwent a significant revival in the 1980s and 90s.[citation needed] Notable acts during this period were La Mona Jiménez and Rodrigo.

Other notable groups include Tru-la-lá, Chébere, el Cuarteto de Oro, and el Cuarteto Berna.

Cumbia edit

Main article: Argentine cumbia

Cumbia is a style of music that blends African, Indigenous, and European influences. Argentine cumbia is derived from Colombian cumbia, which is identified by its heavy use of drums and its signature double beat.[82]

Cumbia came to Argentina in the mid-50s. Some of the earliest groups to gain success were the Colombian group Cuarteto Imperial and the multinational group Los Wawancó, whose early members came to Argentina to attend university.[83] Cumbia continued to enjoy success in the 70s and 80s as part of the "movida tropical" ("tropical movement") in popular music.[83]

Santa Fe, Argentina has been a stronghold of Argentine cumbia and has developed its own style known as cumbia santafesina, which is identified by its distinctive accordion usage.[83] Santa Fe has, additionally, declared November 5 as Día de la Cumbia Santafesina ("day of cumbia santafesina"), in honor of Martín Robustiano "Chani" Gutiérrez (April 26, 1944 – November 5, 1992) who was a driving force behind the genre's growth.[84][85]

Cumbia's mainstream breakthrough came in the 1990s, with the development of cumbia villera ("slum cumbia") in the poor neighborhoods of Buenos Aires—it is a genre heavily influenced by Peruvian cumbia, colloquially known as chicha, which utilizes electric guitars and synthesizers.[86] Argentina was facing a great depression at the time, and the genre's depictions of life in poor neighborhoods and recurring themes of sex, crime, drugs, and police violence appealed to Argentine youth.[87] Notable acts include Amar Azul, Flor de Piedra, Damas Gratis, Piola Vago, Yerba Brava, and Pibes Chorros.

In the mid-2010s, cumbia cheta, also known as cumbia pop, gained popularity in Argentina and aboard with groups like Rombai, Los Bonnitos, and Agapornis.[88] Cachengue, a form of Argentine cumbia heavily influenced by reggaeton, also gained popularity during this decade.[citation needed]

Other notable acts include: Leo Mattioli, Gilda, Ráfaga, La Base Musical, Los Palmeras, Los del Fuego, La Nueva Luna, Amar Azul, Mala Fama, Jambao, Antonio Ríos, Daniel Agostini, Karina, Dalila, and Mario Pereyra y su Banda.

Urbano music edit

Urbano music (Spanish: música urbana) derives its name from its English-language counterpart urban music. Like urban music, urbano covers a range of genres and styles, many with Black roots or influences, such as trap, dembow, and reggaeton.[89][90][91]

Cachengue edit

Cachengue—also known as RKT, cumbiatón, onda turra or cumbia turra—is a form of Argentine cumbia that is heavily influenced by cumbia villera and reggaeton. The genre emerged in San Martín, Buenos Aires during the 2000s and became popular in Argentina during the 2010s with artists such Los Wachiturros and Nene Malo.[92][93][94] The genre has spread to other countries, including Bolivia,[95] Chile and Uruguay.[citation needed] DJ Fer Palacio has made a name for himself by remixing reggaeton songs with elements of cachengue.[96]

A recent subgenre of cachengue is cumbia 420, which is strongly affiliated with cannabis culture.[97][98][99] It first gained popular recognition in the early 2020s, with two singles released by L-Gante: "L-Gante Rkt" with producer Papu DJ and "L-Gante: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol. 38," with Bizarrap, which was the first Bzrp Music Sessions to reach number-one on the Billboard Argentina Hot 100.[100]

Trap edit

Trap is a subgenre of rap that developed in the early 2000s in Atlanta, Georgia in the Southern United States. The genre derives its name from trap houses, where drug dealers sell illegal narcotics, and is influenced by G-funk, house, and techno.[101] It typically features drum machines like the Roland TR-808 and its lyrics will focus on gritty depictions of drug use and urban violence.[102]

Trap first gained popularity in Argentina through freestyle rap battles like El Quinto Escalón, which was first held in March 2012 at Rivadavia park in Buenos Aires.[103] Argentine rapper Duki won at El Quinto Escalón in 2016 and his song, "No Vendo Trap," became the first in the battle's history to hit 1 million views on YouTube.[104] Other artists who got their start at these battles include Nicki Nicole,[105] Trueno,[106] Ecko,[107] Tiago PZK,[108] and Paulo Londra.[109] Producer and DJ Bizarrap got his start uploading compilations of these freestyle battles onto his Youtube channel.[110]

Art music edit

Jazz edit

 
Jazz guitarist Oscar Alemán

Jazz is an American music genre that originated in the Black communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the United States. Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, complex chords, call-and-response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.

Early days edit

Like much of the world, jazz was first introduced to Argentina in the 1920s and 30s. The 1930s and 40s additionally saw a number of publications dedicated to jazz such as Síncopa y Ritmo, Swing, and Jazz Magazine.[111]

The most notable Argentine jazz musician from this period was guitarist Oscar Alemán, who played with the likes of Josephine Baker, Django Reinhardt, Louis Armstrong, and Duke Ellington.[112][113]

1950s edit

 
Tito Alberti, 1957

Jazz drummer Tito Alberti founded the Jazz Casino orchestra in 1950. Jazz Casino toured internationally and was known for its fusion of jazz, melódicos, and tropical music.[114] Alberti's eldest son—Charly Alberti—is best known as the drummer of Soda Stereo.[115]

During the 1950s, Astor Piazzolla introduced nuevo tango to the world, and began to incorporate jazz and classical music elements into his tango compositions.[40][41][116]

Lalo Schifrin began his career during this decade.[117]

1960s edit

 
Gato Barbieri, 1970

Jazz tenor saxophonist Leandro "Gato" Barbieri first came to fame during the free jazz movement in the 1960s, and his work with artists like Don Cherry, Charlie Haden, and Carla Bley. Barbieri would later move to the Latin jazz movement in the 1970s.[118][119]

1970s edit

Jazz fusion gained traction during the later part of the decade. Influenced by the work of Astor Piazzolla, among others, Rodolfo Mederos released Fuera de broma in 1976. The album fused jazz, tango, folk, and rock.[120] On the back cover of the album, Rodolfo wrote that:

A friend once told me, referring to all those musicians who fear 'contaminating' themselves with other music: 'Every border that prevents entry, also prevents departure.' I always remembered that. My modus operandi was for a time tango. One day I felt as though I were touching a limit. I realized that I had reached a threshold, and from then on I would either stay inside or try to get out by expanding it, growing. I recalled that issue of the borders. I reviewed then, carefully, my relationship with all music and I understood that, without a doubt, I enjoyed, in some way, certain aspects of jazz, of rock, of soul, of 'pop' music, and obviously tango in its new forms (Astor Piazzolla), and some traditional forms (O. Pugliese, H. Salgán). I got to work with joy and without preconceptions. Later, I thought in the group that should play this music and, in this natural way, arose the idea of the bandoneon block and rhythm section. Then I added the color of the saxophone and flute, and it was set. We rehearsed, performed live and recorded this LP. I made sure we all liked it and that we had fun and I somehow understood that we had taken a step beyond the famous limit. 'Generación Cero' does not exist today as an established group, but it leaves this document for the consideration of those who also feel the need to expand those limits, their own limits."[121]

Mederos has enjoyed critical success during his career and has toured internationally; worked with the likes of Astor Piazzolla, Mercedes Sosa, and Joan Manuel Serrat; and composed music for several films and stage plays.[122] His group, Generación Cero, continues to perform, though with different musicians and instrumentation.[123]

Other notable musicians who came to prominence during the decade are Pocho Lapouble and Dino Saluzzi.

1980s–Present edit

Alto saxophonist Andrés Boiarsky gained prominence for his contributions to the score of the 1986 film Hombre mirando al sudeste.[124][125] Melopea Discos—a record label founded by Argentine musician Litto Nebbia—was founded in the 1980s and has distributed a number of jazz albums from both Argentine and international artists.[126]

Today, there are jazz clubs across the nation's capital.[127] Buenos Aires is also home to the annual Jazzología jazz festival, established by Carlos Inzillo in 1984 and one of the country's longest-running music festivals; The Festival Internacional de Jazz Django Argentina (International Django Jazz Festival Argentina), established in 2003 as part of the Jazzología jazz festival; and the Festival Internacional Buenos Aires Jazz (Buenos Aires International Jazz Festival).[128][129][130][131]

Classical music edit

See also: List of Argentine operas
 
The Buenos Aires Philharmonic Orchestra performing in Mar del Plata during its first season (1947)

The Orquesta Filarmónica de Buenos Aires ("Buenos Aires Philharmonic") was established in 1946 under the name Orquesta Sinfónica del Teatro Municipal ("Municipal Theater Symphony Orchestra"). It was the first official, exclusively symphonic, orchestra of the city of Buenos Aires, and was housed in the Teatro Municipal. The orchestra was moved to the Teatro Colón in 1953, and was renamed the Orquesta Filarmónica de Buenos Aires in 1958.[132] The Orchestra has toured internationally, and performed with established national and international soloists, including Astor Piazzolla, Martha Argerich, Paco de Lucía, Luciano Pavarotti, Yehudi Menuhin, Itzkak Perlman, and Joshua Bell.[133][132] Enrique Diemecke has lead the orchestra since 2007.[133]

Another prominent orchestra is the Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional ("Argentine National Symphony Orchestra"), founded in 1948 as the Orquesta Sinfónica del Estado. The Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional has toured internationally and won several distinctions within Argentina, including the Asociación de Críticos Musicales de la Argentina's award for "Best Orchestra" for the 1996, 2000 and 2002 seasons.[134] Pedro Ignacio Calderón lead the orchestra from 1994 to 2015.[135]

 
Martha Argerich, widely regarded as one of the greatest pianists of the second half of the 20th century[136]

Notable Argentine musicians include composers Juan José Castro, who served as the director of the National Symphony in Buenos Aires from 1956 to 1960;[137] Alberto Williams, one of the first Argentine composers to achieve international fame;[138] Carlos Guastavino, whose compositions were heavily influenced by Argentina's folk music;[139] Judith Akoschky; Daniel Barenboim, who has directed the Orchestre de Paris, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Berlin State Opera;[140] and Alberto Ginastera, considered Argentina's leading composer of the 20th century.[141]

Other celebrated musicians include pianist Martha Argerich, violinist Alberto Lysy, classical guitarist María Isabel Siewers, tenor José Cura, and mezzo-soprano Margherita Zimmermann.

Other artists edit

Soul/Funk edit

Rap edit

Reggae edit

Other edit

Multimedia edit

1.
  • 2. Medley. John Michel

Selections:

  1. Fuga y misterio. Ástor Piazzolla, music. Dancers: Vincent Morelle and Marilyne Lefor. (New Tango)
  2. Medley. John Michel, cello and Mats Lidstrom, piano. (Milonga)

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ The Harvard Dictionary of Music. Belknap Press. 28 November 2003. pp. 53–54. ISBN 978-0-674-01163-2.
  2. ^ Geographic, National (9 August 2018). "¿Cuáles son los orígenes del tango?". National Geographic en Español (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 February 2024.
  3. ^ Gazzo, Por Walter (11 February 2023). "60 años del "Nuevo Cancionero", toda una revolución en la música popular argentina". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 26 February 2024.
  4. ^ "Paper: The Argentine Folklore Boom: Ethnicity and Class Identities in Post-Peronist Argentina. (125th Annual Meeting (January 6-9, 2011))". aha.confex.com. Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  5. ^ Orquera, Fabiola (December 2015). "El proyecto musical de Leda Valladares: del sustrato romántico a una concepción ancestral-vanguardista de la argentinidad" [Leda Valladares' Musical Project: From a Romantic Substratum to an Ancestral, Avant-garde Conception of Argentine Identity]. Corpus (in Spanish). 5 (2). Santa Rosa, Argentina: Centro Científico y Tecnológico-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa: 1–30. doi:10.4000/corpusarchivos.1479. hdl:11336/55035. ISSN 1853-8037. OCLC 5948908129. Retrieved 13 June 2020.
  6. ^ "Leda Valladares se erige como la célula primaria del folclore argentino" [Leda Valladares Stands as the Primary Cell of Argentine Folklore]. El Litoral (in Spanish). Santa Fe, Argentina. 19 December 2019. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  7. ^ Jáuregui, Ernesto (April 2016). "Manifiesto del Nuevo Cancionero: Vigencia e Influencia en la Carrera de Música popular." Retrieved March 7, 2024.
  8. ^ Girolami, Natalia (15 November 2022). "A brief history of the Nueva canción movement - Berkeley B-Side". Retrieved 7 March 2024.
  9. ^ . 23 March 2009. Archived from the original on 23 March 2009. Retrieved 7 March 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  10. ^ "Decile como quieras. Censura en el arte: ¿qué fue el Operativo Claridad?". La Izquierda Diario - Red internacional (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 March 2024.
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External links edit

  • BBC Radio 3 Audio (60 minutes): Tango. Accessed 25 November 2010.
  • BBC Radio 3 Audio (60 minutes): The Humahuaca Valley. Accessed 25 November 2010.
  • www.argentina.ar: Argentine music history][permanent dead link]

January 01, 1970
music, argentina, music, argentina, includes, variety, traditional, classical, popular, genres, according, harvard, dictionary, music, argentina, also, richest, music, traditions, perhaps, most, active, contemporary, musical, life, country, most, significant, . The music of Argentina includes a variety of traditional classical and popular genres According to the Harvard Dictionary of Music Argentina also has one of the richest art music traditions and perhaps the most active contemporary musical life 1 One of the country s most significant cultural contributions is the tango which originated in Buenos Aires and its surrounding areas during the end of the 19th century 2 Folk music was popular during the mid 20th century experiencing a revival in popularity during the 1950s and 1960s with the rise of the Nuevo cancionero movement 3 The mid to late 1960s also saw the rise of Argentine rock known locally as rock nacional which is considered one of the earliest incarnations of Spanish language rock to have an autochthonous identity that prioritized original compositions in Spanish citation needed Rock nacional was widely embraced by the youth and has become an important part of the country s musical identity Contents 1 Folk music 1 1 Notable folk music festivals 1 2 Variations of Argentine Folk Music By Region 1 2 1 Andean music 1 2 2 Chacarera 1 2 3 Chamame 2 Popular music 2 1 Tango 2 2 Rock Music 2 2 1 1960s 2 2 2 1970s 2 2 3 1980s and 90s 2 2 4 2000s present 2 3 Electronic 2 4 Pop 2 5 Cuarteto 2 6 Cumbia 3 Urbano music 3 1 Cachengue 3 2 Trap 4 Art music 4 1 Jazz 4 1 1 Early days 4 1 2 1950s 4 1 3 1960s 4 1 4 1970s 4 1 5 1980s Present 4 2 Classical music 5 Other artists 5 1 Soul Funk 5 2 Rap 5 3 Reggae 5 4 Other 6 Multimedia 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksFolk music editMain article History of folkloric music in Argentina nbsp Atahualpa Yupanqui 1934 Folk music known as musica folklorica or folklore in Spanish from the English folklore is a music genre that includes both traditional folk music and contemporary folk music which emerged from the genre s 20th century revival Argentine folk music comes in many forms and has Indigenous European and African influences nbsp Los Chalchaleros quartet 1958 In the late 50s Argentina experienced a folklore boom 4 Among the most influential groups of the time were Los Chalchaleros from Salta Los Fronterizos also from Salta and Los Hermanos Abalos from Santiago del Estero citation needed Composer Ariel Ramirez and guitarist Eduardo Falu were also notable figures during this period Between 1960 and 1974 Leda Valladares created a documentary series known as the Mapa musical argentino Musical Map of Argentina taping traditional folk music throughout the country The recordings she made were funded by the National Endowment of the Arts and directed by Litto Nebbia for Melopea Records 5 6 nbsp Ariel Ramirez at piano President of the Argentine Society of Authors and Composers with eminent folklore vocalist Mercedes Sosa 1972 The Nuevo Cancionero movement was officially codified in Argentina in February 1963 with the Manifiesto Fundacional de Nuevo Cancionero Foundational manifesto of the New Songbook It was written by Armando Tejada Gomez with the collaboration of artists like Mercedes Sosa Oscar Matus Tito Francia and Eduardo Aragon 7 Atahualpa Yupanqui was another important figure in the movement 8 nbsp Musician and folklorist Jorge Cafrune was killed in a hit and run shortly after defying the military dictatorship The 1976 dictatorship created a difficult environment for folk music The military censored blacklisted and prosecuted artists and many received anonymous phone calls warning them o te callas o sos tierra de cementerio either you shut up or you re cemetery land 9 Many artists left the country and their music was not distributed in Argentina at the time The repressive actions and black lists against artists and intellectuals to be kidnapped or censored were known as Operativo Claridad 10 The 1980s saw a resurgence of folk music after the Falklands War which led to the fall of the dictatorship Popular artists included Sixto Palavecino and Facundo Cabral 11 Soledad La Sole Pastorutti brought folk music to a new audience at the end of the 20th century and in the early 21st century Juana Molina has earned a cult following for her fusion of electronic music folk music and ambient sounds 12 In 2004 the album Cantor de Cantores by Horacio Guarany was nominated for the Latin Grammy Award for Best Folk Album 13 Notable folk music festivals edit The Cosquin National Folklore Festival is an annual music festival held in Cosquin a small town in Cordoba Argentina The festival first took place between January 21 and 29 1961 and has grown to include musicians from across Argentina and neighboring countries 14 15 The principal focus of the festival is traditional folk music but other genres are presented 16 Though not an official partner Cosquin en Japon Cosquin in Japan a three day folk festival held in Kawamata Fukushima Japan does derive its name from the Cosquin National Folklore Festival 17 The Cosquin National Folklore Festival typically includes representatives from musical genres developed in Argentina and its surrounding areas including Baguala Bailecito Kaluyo Candombe Carnavalito Chacarera Chamarrita Chamame Chaya Cifra Cielito Cogoyo La Condicion Copla El Cuando Cumbia villera Decima Escondido Firmeza Gato Guaracha santiaguena Huella Huayno Malambo Media cana Milonga Murga Pala Pala El Palito Payada Pericon Polka Rasguido doble Refalosa El Sombrerito Tango Nuevo tango Tonada Tristecito Triunfo Valsecito criollo Vidala Vidalita Yaravi Zamba Variations of Argentine Folk Music By Region edit Andean music edit Main article Andean music nbsp A quena a traditional Andean instrument Andean music refers to a group of Indigenous musical styles from the Andes In Northern Argentina tarkeada is a popular style played on wooden flutes Noted interpreters of Andean music include Jaime Torres a charango player and Micaela Chauque a Qulla Argentine composer who specializes in the quena and siku 18 19 Andean music has also been fused with other styles of music by musicians such as Daniel Tinte and on songs such as Cuando pase el temblor by Soda Stereo and Lamento boliviano by Los Enanitos Verdes 20 21 22 Chacarera edit Main article Chacarera nbsp Folk singer Mercedes Sosa playing a bombo leguero a traditional drum used in chacarera Chacarera is a traditional folk dance and musical style developed in the rural northwest of Argentina namely in Santiago del Estero with both African and European influences 23 24 The name chacarera has its origins in the Andean term chacra which refers to farms or agricultural fields 25 26 Some academics theorize that the dance developed as a tribute to the female workers of these farms 24 The traditional instruments used in chacarera are guitars violins and the bombo leguero 27 28 In January Santiago del Estero hosts the annual Festival Nacional de la Chacarera National Chacarera Festival 29 The festival was founded in 1971 by folk musicians Agustin and Carlos Carabajal 30 Chamame edit Main article Chamame Chamame is a traditional folk dance and musical style from northeast Argentina with Corrientes often cited as the style s birthplace 31 It has Guarani Paraguayan Spanish and central European influences and incorporates elements of popular dances from the 19th century such as the waltz mazurka and Paraguayan polka 32 33 The traditional instruments used in chamame are the violin and vihuela Guitars harmonicas accordions bandoneons and double basses were later incorporated 31 Notable chamame musicians include Teresa Parodi Raul Barboza Chango Spasiuk Transito Cocomarola Ramona Galarza and Alejandro Brittes Popular music edit nbsp Francisco Canaro and his Tango Orchestra circa 1930 Tango edit Main article Tango music Tango was developed in the bars and port areas of Buenos Aires Argentina and Montevideo Uruguay by the cities urban lower class 34 It emerged as a fusion of various styles of music from across the globe including European styles such as flamenco minuet polka mazurka and contradanza Argentine and Uruguayan folk music including candombe payada and milonga considered a precursor to tango and sub Saharan African influences 35 36 37 38 nbsp Vocalist Carlos Gardel brought tango to new audiences in the 1920s and 30s The golden age of tango is generally considered to have been from 1935 to 1952 At this time tango was generally performed by large orchestral groups known as orquestas tipicas which typically featured over a dozen performers 39 Notable band leaders at the time included Francisco Canaro Julio de Caro Osvaldo Pugliese Anibal Troilo Juan d Arienzo and Alfredo De Angelis Notable vocalists from the era included Carlos Gardel Roberto Goyeneche Hugo del Carril Tita Merello Susana Rinaldi Edmundo Rivero and Ignacio Corsini nbsp Astor Piazzolla In the 1950s Astor Piazzolla revolutionized tango with his nuevo tango which incorporated elements of jazz and classical music 40 41 Though his innovations were initially scorned by traditionalists Piazzolla s compositions eventually earned him widespread recognition and celebration 42 Many musicians who worked with Piazzolla went on to have their own successful careers including violinist Antonio Agri fellow bandoneon virtuosi Jose Libertella and Rodolfo Mederos and pianists Horacio Salgan and Pablo Ziegler Today tango continues to enjoy popularity on both a local and international level Buenos Aires is home to both professional demonstrations and local gatherings at bars and community centres across the city and hosts the annual Campeonato Mundial de Baile de Tango typically in August 43 Groups like Tanghetto Bajofondo Gotan Project and Tipica Messiez bring both nuevo tango and traditional tango to new audiences 44 Finnish tango an established variation of the Argentine tango but whose rhythm follows the ballroom tango is also incredibly popular in Finland 45 Rock Music edit Main article Argentine rock nbsp Soda Stereo was one of the first Spanish language rock groups to reach international audiences Rock music from Argentina commonly known as Argentine rock or rock nacional national rock is one of the earliest incarnations of Spanish language rock Argentina was one of the major exporters of rock en espanol during the 1980s with several Argentine acts achieving international success during the decade including Soda Stereo Virus and Enanitos Verdes Subgenres of Argentine rock may include Pop Virus Los Abuelos de la Nada Fito Paez Ska Los Fabulosos Cadillacs Los Autenticos Decadentes Reggae Los Pericos Folk rock Sui Generis Las Pastillas del Abuelo Pedro y Pablo Leon Gieco Blues Manal Memphis La Blusera Hardcore Fun People Nueva Etica English language Sumo Triddana Maxi Trusso Siames 1960s edit nbsp Sandro y Los de Fuego was heavily influenced by Elvis Presley Early Argentine rock and roll was heavily influenced by Anglophone artists Singer and actor Sandro initially styled himself after Elvis Presley and even earned the nickname the Argentine Elvis His music is often considered a precursor to Argentine rock 46 At the same time the variety show El Club del Clan hoped to compete in the domestic rock and roll market by offering young people a mixture of pop music rock and roll bolero and cumbia The show was extremely popular and turned its cast including Palito Ortega Leo Dan Billy Caffaro Violeta Rivas and Cachita Galan into the first national teen idols 47 48 Both Sandro and El Club del Clan offered young Argentines the opportunity to listen to rock and roll in Spanish at a time when the market was dominated by music in English Beatlemania reached Argentina during the early 1960s and inspired many local cover bands who sang predominately in English 49 A definitive shift occurred with Los Gatos 1967 single La balsa which established the distinctive sound and emphasis of Spanish language lyrics that have defined Argentine rock 49 The 1960s also saw the rise of groups like Almendra Vox Dei Manal and Pedro y Pablo and singer songwriters like Tanguito Moris and Javier Martinez 1970s edit nbsp Sui Generis By 1970 Argentine rock had become established among middle class youth with groups like Almendra Pescado Rabioso Color Humano Arco Iris Sui Generis and Seru Giran Band lineups were often tenuous with members frequently leaving or dissolving bands and forming new ones Notable examples include Luis Alberto Spinetta who founded Almendra Pescado Rabioso and Invisible during the decade and would form additional bands during the 80s and Charly Garcia who formed part of Sui Generis PorSuiGieco La Maquina de Hacer Pajaros and Seru Giran over the course of the 1970s Artists often faced pushback from the military dictatorship and were often forced to censor their music or utilize metaphors to bypass the government 50 1980s and 90s edit nbsp Viuda e hijas de Roque Enroll were part of a wave of musica divertida that became popular in Argentina after the fall of the dictatorship During the Falklands War the dictatorship banned music in English from playing on the radio giving Argentine musicians additional exposure on the airwaves 51 This paired with the fall of the dictatorship in 1983 allowed Argentine rock to grow and reach new audiences in Argentina and abroad Several Argentine groups were able to achieve international recognition during this period and were featured in the Rock en tu idioma publicity campaign 52 In the 80s Argentine rock moved away from the folk style that had dominated the 70s and embraced new production styles and irreverent sounds and lyrics with groups like Soda Stereo Virus Los Twists Viuda e hijas de Roque Enroll and Los Abuelos de la Nada gaining popularity 53 54 55 Of course this musica divertida fun music wasn t the only music being created during the decade Sumo and Los Fabulosos Cadillacs brought ska influences into the fold Riff La Torre V8 and Rata Blanca were all notable heavy metal bands and rock rolinga a style heavily influenced by The Rolling Stones was popular with groups like Los Ratones Paranoicos 56 57 58 Other important acts included Charly Garcia now a successful solo artist Fabiana Cantilo Celeste Carballo Sandra Mihanovich Los Violadores and Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota Like the 1980s the 1990s saw a continued diversification of influences in Argentine rock Heavy metal bands like A N I M A L Tren Loco and Horcas gained more mainstream success Fito Paez and Los Rodriguez achieved popularity with pop influenced styles and Iguana Lovers and Babasonicos were important groups of the movida sonica sonic movement which was a local interpretation of alternative rock 59 nbsp After the separation of Soda Stereo in 1997 Gustavo Cerati launched a successful solo career in the 90s and 2000s 2000s present edit While rock is no longer the dominant genre in Argentina it continues to play an important role in Argentine national identity Graffiti of influential artists like Luis Alberto Spinetta Charly Garcia and Gustavo Cerati can be spotted around Buenos Aires and the Cosquin Rock music festival has brought local and international acts to Cosquin Cordoba since 2001 60 61 62 63 Notable acts have included El Mato a un Policia Motorizado Airbag Arbol Los Espiritus Marilina Bertoldi Eruca Sativa Fidel Nadal Tersivel and Triddana Electronic edit nbsp Argentine DJ and producer Tayhana Rock musician Gustavo Cerati helped pioneer electronica in South America during the 80s and 90s and the genre heavily influenced his 1999 album Bocanada 64 65 The genre continued to grow during the 2000s and many artists gained local notoriety at the Zizek Club nights at the Niceto Club in Buenos Aires 66 After three years the club nights evolved into ZZK Records an independent record label that helped pioneer electro folklore in Latin America with a focus on cumbia fusion 67 68 Argentina has also been home to the annual electronic music festival Creamfields BA Electronic artists from Argentina include DJ Hernan Cattaneo 69 indietronica band Entre Rios electropop band Miranda tango fusion bands Bajofondo Tango Club and the Gotan Project cumbia fusion artists Faauna and El Remolon Heatbeat 70 and DJ and producer Tayhana 71 Pop edit nbsp Billy Cafaro s cover of Paul Anka s Pity Pity sold 300 000 copies in 1960 72 In the postwar era pop music in Argentina has been heavily influenced by American and English musicians During the 1950s and 60s la nueva ola movement established the start of youth oriented pop music in South America and musicians often recorded popular English language songs in Spanish 72 Notable early pop performers include Billy Cafaro Violeta Rivas and Palito Ortega During the 1980s several Argentine rock embraced elements of pop such as repeated choruses and danceability as part of the musica divertida fun music movement These groups included Los Twists Viuda e hijas de Roque Enroll and Los Abuelos de la Nada 73 The cumbia pop group Las Primas gained popularity with songs like Saca la Mano Antonio during this decade 74 Following the success of the Spice Girls and other girl groups the reality television show Popstars brought together Ivonne Guzman Lourdes Cecilia Fernandez Valeria Gastaldi Virginia Da Cunha and Maria Elizabeth Vera to form the pop group Bandana 75 The group was very popular with teenage girls and was one of Argentina s best selling groups during the early 2000s 76 77 Lali Esposito was a part of the teen pop band Teen Angels before launching a successful solo career in 2013 78 79 Since then several other artists have joined the pop music scene including Tini Oriana J Mena LOUTA and Emilia Other notable pop acts over the decades include Alejandro Lerner Axel Valeria Lynch Tormenta and Maria Jimena Pereyra nbsp Leonor Marzano whom Cuarteto Caracteristico La Leo is named after was a major influence on the musical genre cuarteto Cuarteto edit Main article Cuarteto Cuarteto sometimes known as cuartetazo is a form of dance music from Cordoba Argentina that is similar to merengue 80 The word cuarteto translates to quartet in English the genre got its name from the Cuarteto Caracteristico Leo a quartet which is credited with inventing the genre 81 Cuarteto has been part of Argentina s musical heritage since the 1940s and underwent a significant revival in the 1980s and 90s citation needed Notable acts during this period were La Mona Jimenez and Rodrigo Other notable groups include Tru la la Chebere el Cuarteto de Oro and el Cuarteto Berna Cumbia edit Main article Argentine cumbia Cumbia is a style of music that blends African Indigenous and European influences Argentine cumbia is derived from Colombian cumbia which is identified by its heavy use of drums and its signature double beat 82 Cumbia came to Argentina in the mid 50s Some of the earliest groups to gain success were the Colombian group Cuarteto Imperial and the multinational group Los Wawanco whose early members came to Argentina to attend university 83 Cumbia continued to enjoy success in the 70s and 80s as part of the movida tropical tropical movement in popular music 83 Santa Fe Argentina has been a stronghold of Argentine cumbia and has developed its own style known as cumbia santafesina which is identified by its distinctive accordion usage 83 Santa Fe has additionally declared November 5 as Dia de la Cumbia Santafesina day of cumbia santafesina in honor of Martin Robustiano Chani Gutierrez April 26 1944 November 5 1992 who was a driving force behind the genre s growth 84 85 Cumbia s mainstream breakthrough came in the 1990s with the development of cumbia villera slum cumbia in the poor neighborhoods of Buenos Aires it is a genre heavily influenced by Peruvian cumbia colloquially known as chicha which utilizes electric guitars and synthesizers 86 Argentina was facing a great depression at the time and the genre s depictions of life in poor neighborhoods and recurring themes of sex crime drugs and police violence appealed to Argentine youth 87 Notable acts include Amar Azul Flor de Piedra Damas Gratis Piola Vago Yerba Brava and Pibes Chorros In the mid 2010s cumbia cheta also known as cumbia pop gained popularity in Argentina and aboard with groups like Rombai Los Bonnitos and Agapornis 88 Cachengue a form of Argentine cumbia heavily influenced by reggaeton also gained popularity during this decade citation needed Other notable acts include Leo Mattioli Gilda Rafaga La Base Musical Los Palmeras Los del Fuego La Nueva Luna Amar Azul Mala Fama Jambao Antonio Rios Daniel Agostini Karina Dalila and Mario Pereyra y su Banda Urbano music editUrbano music Spanish musica urbana derives its name from its English language counterpart urban music Like urban music urbano covers a range of genres and styles many with Black roots or influences such as trap dembow and reggaeton 89 90 91 Cachengue edit Cachengue also known as RKT cumbiaton onda turra or cumbia turra is a form of Argentine cumbia that is heavily influenced by cumbia villera and reggaeton The genre emerged in San Martin Buenos Aires during the 2000s and became popular in Argentina during the 2010s with artists such Los Wachiturros and Nene Malo 92 93 94 The genre has spread to other countries including Bolivia 95 Chile and Uruguay citation needed DJ Fer Palacio has made a name for himself by remixing reggaeton songs with elements of cachengue 96 A recent subgenre of cachengue is cumbia 420 which is strongly affiliated with cannabis culture 97 98 99 It first gained popular recognition in the early 2020s with two singles released by L Gante L Gante Rkt with producer Papu DJ and L Gante Bzrp Music Sessions Vol 38 with Bizarrap which was the first Bzrp Music Sessions to reach number one on the Billboard Argentina Hot 100 100 Trap edit Trap is a subgenre of rap that developed in the early 2000s in Atlanta Georgia in the Southern United States The genre derives its name from trap houses where drug dealers sell illegal narcotics and is influenced by G funk house and techno 101 It typically features drum machines like the Roland TR 808 and its lyrics will focus on gritty depictions of drug use and urban violence 102 Trap first gained popularity in Argentina through freestyle rap battles like El Quinto Escalon which was first held in March 2012 at Rivadavia park in Buenos Aires 103 Argentine rapper Duki won at El Quinto Escalon in 2016 and his song No Vendo Trap became the first in the battle s history to hit 1 million views on YouTube 104 Other artists who got their start at these battles include Nicki Nicole 105 Trueno 106 Ecko 107 Tiago PZK 108 and Paulo Londra 109 Producer and DJ Bizarrap got his start uploading compilations of these freestyle battles onto his Youtube channel 110 Art music editJazz edit nbsp Jazz guitarist Oscar Aleman Jazz is an American music genre that originated in the Black communities of New Orleans Louisiana in the United States Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes complex chords call and response vocals polyrhythms and improvisation Early days edit Like much of the world jazz was first introduced to Argentina in the 1920s and 30s The 1930s and 40s additionally saw a number of publications dedicated to jazz such as Sincopa y Ritmo Swing and Jazz Magazine 111 The most notable Argentine jazz musician from this period was guitarist Oscar Aleman who played with the likes of Josephine Baker Django Reinhardt Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington 112 113 1950s edit nbsp Tito Alberti 1957 Jazz drummer Tito Alberti founded the Jazz Casino orchestra in 1950 Jazz Casino toured internationally and was known for its fusion of jazz melodicos and tropical music 114 Alberti s eldest son Charly Alberti is best known as the drummer of Soda Stereo 115 During the 1950s Astor Piazzolla introduced nuevo tango to the world and began to incorporate jazz and classical music elements into his tango compositions 40 41 116 Lalo Schifrin began his career during this decade 117 1960s edit nbsp Gato Barbieri 1970 Jazz tenor saxophonist Leandro Gato Barbieri first came to fame during the free jazz movement in the 1960s and his work with artists like Don Cherry Charlie Haden and Carla Bley Barbieri would later move to the Latin jazz movement in the 1970s 118 119 1970s edit Jazz fusion gained traction during the later part of the decade Influenced by the work of Astor Piazzolla among others Rodolfo Mederos released Fuera de broma in 1976 The album fused jazz tango folk and rock 120 On the back cover of the album Rodolfo wrote that A friend once told me referring to all those musicians who fear contaminating themselves with other music Every border that prevents entry also prevents departure I always remembered that My modus operandi was for a time tango One day I felt as though I were touching a limit I realized that I had reached a threshold and from then on I would either stay inside or try to get out by expanding it growing I recalled that issue of the borders I reviewed then carefully my relationship with all music and I understood that without a doubt I enjoyed in some way certain aspects of jazz of rock of soul of pop music and obviously tango in its new forms Astor Piazzolla and some traditional forms O Pugliese H Salgan I got to work with joy and without preconceptions Later I thought in the group that should play this music and in this natural way arose the idea of the bandoneon block and rhythm section Then I added the color of the saxophone and flute and it was set We rehearsed performed live and recorded this LP I made sure we all liked it and that we had fun and I somehow understood that we had taken a step beyond the famous limit Generacion Cero does not exist today as an established group but it leaves this document for the consideration of those who also feel the need to expand those limits their own limits 121 Mederos has enjoyed critical success during his career and has toured internationally worked with the likes of Astor Piazzolla Mercedes Sosa and Joan Manuel Serrat and composed music for several films and stage plays 122 His group Generacion Cero continues to perform though with different musicians and instrumentation 123 Other notable musicians who came to prominence during the decade are Pocho Lapouble and Dino Saluzzi 1980s Present edit Alto saxophonist Andres Boiarsky gained prominence for his contributions to the score of the 1986 film Hombre mirando al sudeste 124 125 Melopea Discos a record label founded by Argentine musician Litto Nebbia was founded in the 1980s and has distributed a number of jazz albums from both Argentine and international artists 126 Today there are jazz clubs across the nation s capital 127 Buenos Aires is also home to the annual Jazzologia jazz festival established by Carlos Inzillo in 1984 and one of the country s longest running music festivals The Festival Internacional de Jazz Django Argentina International Django Jazz Festival Argentina established in 2003 as part of the Jazzologia jazz festival and the Festival Internacional Buenos Aires Jazz Buenos Aires International Jazz Festival 128 129 130 131 Classical music edit See also List of Argentine operas nbsp The Buenos Aires Philharmonic Orchestra performing in Mar del Plata during its first season 1947 The Orquesta Filarmonica de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Philharmonic was established in 1946 under the name Orquesta Sinfonica del Teatro Municipal Municipal Theater Symphony Orchestra It was the first official exclusively symphonic orchestra of the city of Buenos Aires and was housed in the Teatro Municipal The orchestra was moved to the Teatro Colon in 1953 and was renamed the Orquesta Filarmonica de Buenos Aires in 1958 132 The Orchestra has toured internationally and performed with established national and international soloists including Astor Piazzolla Martha Argerich Paco de Lucia Luciano Pavarotti Yehudi Menuhin Itzkak Perlman and Joshua Bell 133 132 Enrique Diemecke has lead the orchestra since 2007 133 Another prominent orchestra is the Orquesta Sinfonica Nacional Argentine National Symphony Orchestra founded in 1948 as the Orquesta Sinfonica del Estado The Orquesta Sinfonica Nacional has toured internationally and won several distinctions within Argentina including the Asociacion de Criticos Musicales de la Argentina s award for Best Orchestra for the 1996 2000 and 2002 seasons 134 Pedro Ignacio Calderon lead the orchestra from 1994 to 2015 135 nbsp Martha Argerich widely regarded as one of the greatest pianists of the second half of the 20th century 136 Notable Argentine musicians include composers Juan Jose Castro who served as the director of the National Symphony in Buenos Aires from 1956 to 1960 137 Alberto Williams one of the first Argentine composers to achieve international fame 138 Carlos Guastavino whose compositions were heavily influenced by Argentina s folk music 139 Judith Akoschky Daniel Barenboim who has directed the Orchestre de Paris the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Berlin State Opera 140 and Alberto Ginastera considered Argentina s leading composer of the 20th century 141 Other celebrated musicians include pianist Martha Argerich violinist Alberto Lysy classical guitarist Maria Isabel Siewers tenor Jose Cura and mezzo soprano Margherita Zimmermann Other artists editSoul Funk edit Power of Soul Rap edit Femina Illya Kuryaki and the Valderramas LUANDA 142 Reggae edit Los Cafres es Todos Tus Muertos Dread Mar I Fidel Nadal Other edit Les LuthiersMultimedia edit source source source source 1 source source 2 Medley John Michel Selections Fuga y misterio Astor Piazzolla music Dancers Vincent Morelle and Marilyne Lefor New Tango Medley John Michel cello and Mats Lidstrom piano Milonga See also edit nbsp Argentina portal nbsp Latin music portal Tango Public domain musicReferences edit The Harvard Dictionary of Music Belknap Press 28 November 2003 pp 53 54 ISBN 978 0 674 01163 2 Geographic National 9 August 2018 Cuales son los origenes del tango National Geographic en Espanol in Spanish Retrieved 26 February 2024 Gazzo Por Walter 11 February 2023 60 anos del Nuevo Cancionero toda una revolucion en la musica popular argentina infobae in European Spanish Retrieved 26 February 2024 Paper The Argentine Folklore Boom Ethnicity and Class Identities in Post Peronist Argentina 125th Annual Meeting January 6 9 2011 aha confex com Retrieved 7 March 2024 Orquera Fabiola December 2015 El proyecto musical de Leda Valladares del sustrato romantico a una concepcion ancestral vanguardista de la argentinidad Leda Valladares Musical Project From a Romantic Substratum to an Ancestral Avant garde Conception of Argentine Identity Corpus in Spanish 5 2 Santa Rosa Argentina Centro Cientifico y Tecnologico CONICET Universidad Nacional de La Pampa 1 30 doi 10 4000 corpusarchivos 1479 hdl 11336 55035 ISSN 1853 8037 OCLC 5948908129 Retrieved 13 June 2020 Leda Valladares se erige como la celula primaria del folclore argentino Leda Valladares Stands as the Primary Cell of Argentine Folklore El Litoral in Spanish Santa Fe Argentina 19 December 2019 Archived from the original on 14 June 2020 Retrieved 14 June 2020 Jauregui Ernesto April 2016 Manifiesto del Nuevo Cancionero Vigencia e Influencia en la Carrera de Musica popular Retrieved March 7 2024 Girolami Natalia 15 November 2022 A brief history of the Nueva cancion movement Berkeley B Side Retrieved 7 March 2024 Daniel Toro La Leyenda Continua Voces del Folklore 23 March 2009 Archived from the original on 23 March 2009 Retrieved 7 March 2024 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Decile como quieras Censura en el arte que fue el Operativo Claridad La Izquierda Diario Red internacional in Spanish Retrieved 7 March 2024 Facundo Cabral Musician whose work inspired opponents of South The Independent 11 July 2011 Retrieved 7 March 2024 Denselow Robin 7 November 2013 Juana Molina review The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 1 April 2024 Bao Sandra Clark Gregor 2015 Argentina y Uruguay in Spanish Barcelona Lonely Planet Publications ISBN 978 84 08 13539 5 OCLC 944234178 908830832 Factory Troop Software Festival De Cosquin Fundacion Konex www fundacionkonex org in Spanish Retrieved 11 March 2024 AQUI COSQUIN SITIO OFICIAL Festival Nacional del Folklore in Spanish Retrieved 11 March 2024 Aqui Cosquin Aquicosquin org Archived from the original on 16 January 2010 Retrieved 15 August 2012 福島県川俣町で毎年開催される日本最大のフォルクローレの音楽祭 コスキン エン ハポン www cosquin jp in Japanese Retrieved 11 March 2024 Murio Jaime Torres a los 80 anos infobae in European Spanish 24 December 2018 Retrieved 29 March 2024 Franco Gustavo 7 September 2022 Compartiendo ConCierto Maestro en la zona Sur Neuquen Informa in Spanish Retrieved 29 March 2024 Daniel Tinte Daniel Tinte www danieltinte com ar Retrieved 29 March 2024 Calvo Por Gaston 18 March 2022 La historia de Cuando pase el temblor una de las canciones mas emblematicas de Soda Stereo infobae in European Spanish Retrieved 29 March 2024 Culto Equipo de 10 July 2020 Lamento boliviano asi nacio la cancion popularizada por Enanitos Verdes La Tercera Retrieved 29 March 2024 Cuales son las danzas tipicas de la Argentina www cultura gob ar in Spanish Retrieved 1 April 2024 a b La chacarera y su recorrido por la geografia nacional LA NACION in Spanish 24 March 2007 Retrieved 1 April 2024 Chacra RAE Retrieved April 1 2024 Ajacopa Teofilo Laime et al Diccionario Bilingue Iskay simipi yuyayk ancha La Paz 2007 Quechua 2007 El Bombo 3 March 2012 Archived from the original on 3 March 2012 Retrieved 1 April 2024 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link NUESTRA MUSICA La chacarera el genero musical de origen argentino con lazos afroperuanos SBS Language in Spanish Retrieved 1 April 2024 Una multitud participo del 52 Festival Nacional de la Chacarera 2023 Santiago del Estero in Spanish 9 January 2023 Retrieved 1 April 2024 Las fiestas mas antiguas Argentina gob ar in Spanish 28 March 2019 Retrieved 1 April 2024 a b Request Rejected ich unesco org Retrieved 1 April 2024 Monjeau Eugenio Chamame for Dummies ReVista Retrieved 1 April 2024 La Polca Paraguaya Polka Paraguaya Paraguaype com 7 November 2017 Archived from the original on 7 November 2017 Retrieved 1 April 2024 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link UNESCO Tango ich unesco org Retrieved 4 March 2024 MasterClass 7 June 2021 Guide to Tango Music A Brief History of Argentine Tango Candombe Afro Uruguayan Drums and the Roots of Tango ABC News Retrieved 4 March 2024 Edicion Instituto Nacional contra la Discriminacion la Xenofobia y el Racismo et al Argentina tambien es Afro Retrieved February 26 2024 Tango Negro The African Roots of Tango HuffPost 6 August 2015 Retrieved 28 February 2024 The Golden Age Los Angeles Tango Academy Tango Classes Retrieved 4 March 2024 a b Astor Piazzolla at 100 Argentina s nuevo tango pioneer is honored worldwide for his still electrifying music San Diego Union Tribune 12 March 2021 Retrieved 4 March 2024 a b The Birth of Nuevo Tango Arizona Opera azopera org Retrieved 4 March 2024 They called him tango s assassin But Astor Piazzolla s musical reboot made him a legend Los Angeles Times 15 April 2021 Retrieved 4 March 2024 Aires Ente de Turismo del Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos 7 October 2014 A passion for tango Official English Website for the City of Buenos Aires Retrieved 4 March 2024 Tipica Messiez Explaining the Finnish love of tango The Economist ISSN 0013 0613 Retrieved 4 March 2024 Pertossi Mayra 5 January 2010 Singer Sandro the Argentine Elvis dies at 64 The Seattle Times Retrieved 11 March 2024 Corrientes Musicales club del clan beat Johny Tedesco Lalo Fransen Jolly Land Violeta Rivas Nicky Jones Leonardo Favio Piero Shakers Liliana Caldini Donald Manal Almendra Juan Ramon magicas ruinas cronicas del siglo pasado historia fotos www magicasruinas com ar Retrieved 11 March 2024 Se acuerdan del Club del Clan LA NACION 12 July 2020 Archived from the original on 12 July 2020 Retrieved 11 March 2024 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link a b How the Beatles inspired a rock revolution in Argentina The World from PRX Retrieved 11 March 2024 Wilson Timothy and Mara Favoretto Making the Disappeared Visible in Argentine Rock Lied und populare Kultur Song and Popular Culture 60 2015 351 364 Matthew Dursum From Dictatorships To Stadiums The Origins Of Argentina s Rock Nacional Retrieved February 26 2024 Trivino Carla Decades later Argentine band Soda Stereo thrills fans worldwide The Palm Beach Post Retrieved 26 February 2024 The Rock Music of Argentina Fifthwall Renaissance 7 May 2019 Retrieved 12 March 2024 rincondelvago com 21 October 2000 Encuentra aqui informacion de Rock argentino para tu escuela Entra ya Rincon del Vago html rincondelvago com in Spanish Retrieved 12 March 2024 Calvo Por Gaston 4 August 2018 Mavi Diaz ex cantante de Viuda e Hijas de Roque Enroll Fuimos unas adelantadas infobae in European Spanish Retrieved 12 March 2024 The Glorious Impossible Story Of Luca Prodan MTV Retrieved 12 March 2024 xecotcovach 24 June 2019 Luchando por el Metal A Look at Early Latin American Heavy Metal Ride Into Glory Retrieved 12 March 2024 Una subcultura bien argentina los rolingas La calle viste a la moda in Spanish 21 December 2021 Retrieved 12 March 2024 A veinte anos de la explosion sonica que inauguro la decada del 90 LA NACION in Spanish 19 December 2012 Retrieved 12 March 2024 admin 26 July 2016 Street art tribute to Spinetta in Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Street Art and Graffiti BA Street Art Retrieved 12 March 2024 admin 14 December 2023 Charly Garcia and Carlos Gardel murals painted by Alfredo Segatori BA Street Art Buenos Aires Street Art and Graffiti BA Street Art Retrieved 12 March 2024 admin 25 September 2017 Soda Stereo mural by Kiki in Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Street Art Buenos Aires Street Art and Graffiti BA Street Art Retrieved 12 March 2024 Cosquin Rock El Festival mas grande de Latinoamerica in Spanish Retrieved 12 March 2024 Morales Ed 2003 The Latin Beat The Rhythms And Roots Of Latin Music From Bossa Nova To Salsa And Beyond Da Capo Press p 341 ISBN 0 7867 3020 X Galeano Eduardo Santos 26 August 2017 The Electronic Legacy Gustavo Cerati Left Us Vice Retrieved 28 February 2024 Gradinaru Celina 21 April 2020 The leaders of the Latin American electronic scene theBasement in Spanish Retrieved 26 March 2024 ZZK Records How a Random Gringo from Texas Helped Latin American Dance Music Take Over the World Bandcamp Daily 30 November 2016 Retrieved 26 March 2024 ZZK Records Info zzkrecords com Retrieved 26 March 2024 Argentina 7 ed Lonely Planet 2010 p 49 ISBN 978 1 74220 307 2 An Introduction To Buenos Aires Electronica In 6 DJs Culture Trip 18 April 2017 Retrieved 26 March 2024 INTERVIEW Argentine Producer Tayhana Talks Working With Rosalia amp the Beauty of Diverse Dance Floors Remezcla Retrieved 26 March 2024 a b Manzano Valeria Ha llegado la nueva ola musica consumo y juventud en la Argentina 1956 1966 Los 60 2010 19 60 Las palabras de la tribu LA NACION in Spanish 20 February 2004 Retrieved 18 April 2024 Moral Por Milton Del 20 January 2020 Saca la mano Antonio la historia real e indiscreta que inspiro el hit de Las Primas infobae in European Spanish Retrieved 18 April 2024 Pagina 12 www pagina12 com ar Retrieved 18 April 2024 MTVla com Bandana Biografia in Spanish 27 September 2007 Archived from the original on 27 September 2007 Retrieved 18 April 2024 Fernandez Bitar Marcelo 16 August 2003 Bandana Launches Multimedia Assault With Third Set Billboard Vol 115 no 33 Nielsen Business Media Inc ISSN 0006 2510 Retrieved 30 May 2016 Sennheiser www sennheiser com Retrieved 18 April 2024 Cortina Rafa 24 May 2016 Lali esposito consigue disco de Oro en Argentina a solo unas horas de la salida de su nuevo disco Soy Sony Music Espana in European Spanish Retrieved 18 April 2024 Argentina Cadena 3 El Negro Abraham el merengue y el cuarteto son hermanos gemelos La Popu in European Spanish Retrieved 22 March 2024 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link juan navarro 4 June 2021 La memoria del cuarteto Web de Noticias Gobierno de Cordoba in Spanish Retrieved 22 March 2024 MasterClass 15 July 2021 Cumbia Music Guide Origins of Cumbia and Popular Artists a b c Massone Manuel and Mariano De Filippis Las palmas de todos los negros arriba Origen influencias y analisis musical de la cumbia villera Revista Latinoamericana de estudios del discurso 6 2 2006 21 44 Vidal Publicado por Daniel Dia de la Cumbia Santafesina en Argentina Himajina Retrieved 22 March 2024 Por que se celebra el Dia de la Cumbia Santafesina este sabado www airedesantafe com ar in Spanish Retrieved 22 March 2024 MasterClass 16 July 2021 Chicha Music Guide 8 Notable Chicha Artists Hoog Antink A F Cumbia Villera Cheap Trash or Argentine Culture MS thesis 2009 Cumbia cheta el ritmo tropical que ahora baila la clase alta en Argentina BBC News Mundo in Spanish 4 January 2016 Retrieved 22 March 2024 History of Rap amp Hip Hop Timeline of African American Music Retrieved 28 February 2024 Rouhani Neena 18 October 2022 Hispanic Heritage Month How Dembow Evolved into the Hottest Thing in Latin Urban Music Billboard Retrieved 28 February 2024 Rouhani Neena 28 February 2020 Inside Reggaeton s Unsung Black History Rolling Stone Retrieved 28 February 2024 7 Argentinian RKT Artists Lighting Up Dance Floors Remezcla Retrieved 26 March 2024 Fernandez Luca 28 January 2023 RKT Una creacion bonaerense Nacio en un boliche de San Martin y recorre el mundo PAGINA12 in Spanish Retrieved 26 March 2024 Pagina 12 radar www pagina12 com ar in Spanish Retrieved 26 March 2024 Ellitoral com La onda turra trasciende fronteras llegaron los Bolichurros in Spanish Retrieved 26 March 2024 Escalante Por Marianela Insua 24 January 2021 Cumbia reggaeton y autogestion quien es Fer Palacio el DJ mas popular de YouTube infobae in European Spanish Retrieved 26 March 2024 Hasse Javier Cumbia 420 The Super Viral Weed Infused Musical Phenomenon Bringing Ghetto Back To The Mainstream Forbes Retrieved 26 March 2024 Cumbia to the Power of 420 Getup 14 September 2021 Retrieved 26 March 2024 S amp C Guide to Cumbia 420 Sounds and Colours soundsandcolours com 13 December 2021 Retrieved 26 March 2024 L Gante y Bizarrap llegan a la cima del Billboard Argentina Hot 100 con BZRP Music Sessions 38 Billboard Billboard La Musica donde vos quieras 23 March 2021 Retrieved 26 March 2024 History of Rap amp Hip Hop Timeline of African American Music Retrieved 29 February 2024 What is Trap Music Meaning Types Songs Artists amp More 9 October 2023 Retrieved 29 February 2024 It s the new soccer where stars are born Trap music boom inspires Argentine youth The World from PRX Retrieved 29 February 2024 Lopez Julyssa 10 October 2019 Behind Argentina s Burgeoning Trap Movement Billboard Retrieved 29 February 2024 Segalov Michael 13 November 2020 Nicki Nicole the star defying Argentinian rap s macho culture The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 29 February 2024 Yannoulas Mario 21 October 2019 Trueno gano la Batalla de los Gallos 2019 Multitudinaria fiesta de la Red Bull en el Luna Park PAGINA12 in Spanish Retrieved 29 February 2024 LR Freestyle 12 March 2022 El Quinto Escalon la historica competencia cumple 10 anos larepublica pe in Spanish Retrieved 29 February 2024 Roiz Jessica 14 October 2021 Latin Artist on the Rise Meet Tiago PZK From Argentina s Underground Scene to Billboard s Global Charts Billboard Retrieved 29 February 2024 Lopez Julyssa 16 December 2022 Argentine Star Paulo Londra Hits Restart Time to Make Things I Like Rolling Stone Retrieved 29 February 2024 Meet Bizarrap The composer and record producer topping the charts alongside Shakira HOLA 17 January 2023 Retrieved 29 February 2024 Borge Jason Dark pursuits race and early Argentine jazz criticism Afro Hispanic Review 2011 64 65 Oscar Aleman el heroe anonimo del jazz www cultura gob ar in Spanish Retrieved 29 February 2024 Classic Jazz Guitar Articles 5 July 2011 Archived from the original on 5 July 2011 Retrieved 29 February 2024 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link El jazz de luto por Tito Alberti LA NACION in Spanish 26 March 2009 Retrieved 12 March 2024 Fallecio el papa de Charly Alberti infobae in European Spanish 30 October 2017 Retrieved 12 March 2024 Astor Piazzolla at 100 JAZZIZ Magazine 11 March 2021 Retrieved 13 March 2024 Lalo Schifrin Songs Albums Reviews Bio amp More AllMusic Retrieved 12 March 2024 Gato Barbieri Songs Albums Reviews Bio amp More AllMusic Retrieved 13 March 2024 Press Associated 3 April 2016 Gato Barbieri Latin Jazz Saxophonist Dies at Age 83 Billboard Retrieved 29 February 2024 Pacocamorra 3 December 2022 La Nave Del Rock Argento Rodolfo Mederos y Generacion Cero Fuera De Broma FLAC 1976 La Nave Del Rock Argento Retrieved 13 March 2024 Fuera de Broma by Rodolfo Mederos y Generacion Cero Genius Retrieved 13 March 2024 UG infopublic Rodolfo Mederos Tonos Music Publishing oHG Retrieved 13 March 2024 GENERACIoN CERO Rodolfo Mederos in European Spanish Retrieved 13 March 2024 Andres Boiarsky Music Department IMDb Retrieved 13 March 2024 LEYTON DENIS 20 April 2020 Hombre mirando al sudeste Eliseo Subiela Cinelibro cl in Spanish Retrieved 13 March 2024 Jazz Melopea Discos in Spanish Retrieved 13 March 2024 Argentina www jazz clubs worldwide com Retrieved 13 March 2024 Jazzologia Con Carlos Inzillo Buenos Aires Ciudad Gobierno de la Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires buenosaires gob ar Retrieved 13 March 2024 Buenos Aires Jazz 08 festivalesanteriores buenosaires gob ar Retrieved 13 March 2024 Historia Festival Internacional Django in Spanish Retrieved 13 March 2024 Ciclo Jazzologia La Academia del jazz argentino cumple 35 anos LA NACION in Spanish 3 September 2019 Retrieved 13 March 2024 a b Conoce la Orquesta Filarmonica de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Ciudad Gobierno de la Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires buenosaires gob ar Retrieved 13 March 2024 a b Orquesta Filarmonica de Buenos Aires Teatro Colon in Spanish Retrieved 13 March 2024 Orquesta Sinfonica Nacional Argentina gob ar in Spanish 19 March 2018 Retrieved 13 March 2024 Historia de la Sinfonica Argentina gob ar in Spanish 19 March 2018 Retrieved 13 March 2024 Ross Alex 12 November 2001 Madame X The New Yorker Archived from the original on 16 January 2014 Retrieved 15 January 2014 Juan Jose Castro John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Retrieved 13 March 2024 Meet Argentinian composer Alberto Williams on Fiesta Thu 12 7 10pm WXXI Classical 28 November 2023 Retrieved 13 March 2024 Rickards Guy 15 December 2000 Carlos Guastavino The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 13 March 2024 About Daniel Barenboim Retrieved 13 March 2024 From Argentina composer Alberto Ginastera Chicago Symphony Orchestra Experience the Chicago Symphony Orchestra Retrieved 13 March 2024 LUANDA OneBeat Retrieved 26 March 2024 Brill Mark Music of Latin America and the Caribbean 2nd Edition 2018 Taylor amp Francis ISBN 1 138 05356 2 Fairley Jan and Teddy Peiro Vertical Expression of Horizontal Desire 2000 In Broughton Simon and Ellingham Mark with McConnachie James and Duane Orla Ed World Music Vol 2 Latin amp North America Caribbean India Asia and Pacific pp 304 314 Rough Guides Ltd Penguin Books ISBN 1 85828 636 0 Fairley Jan Dancing Cheek to Cheek 2000 In Broughton Simon and Ellingham Mark with McConnachie James and Duane Orla Ed World Music Vol 2 Latin amp North America Caribbean India Asia and Pacific pp 315 316 Rough Guides Ltd Penguin Books ISBN 1 85828 636 0 Fairley Jan An Uncompromising Song 2000 In Broughton Simon and Ellingham Mark with McConnachie James and Duane Orla Ed World Music Vol 2 Latin amp North America Caribbean India Asia and Pacific pp 362 371 Rough Guides Ltd Penguin Books ISBN 1 85828 636 0 Latin American Music Styles Fanfarria Latina La Fanfarria del Capitan Retrieved 2013 10 28 Capitan OfficialExternal links editBBC Radio 3 Audio 60 minutes Tango Accessed 25 November 2010 BBC Radio 3 Audio 60 minutes The Humahuaca Valley Accessed 25 November 2010 1 www argentina ar Argentine music history permanent dead link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Music of Argentina amp oldid 1221480101, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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