The quena (hispanicized spelling of Quechuaqina,[1] sometimes also written kena in English) is the traditional flute of the Andes. Traditionally made of cane or wood, it has 6 finger holes and one thumb hole, and is open on both ends or the bottom is half-closed (choked). To produce sound, the player closes the top end of the pipe with the flesh between the chin and lower lip, and blows a stream of air downward, along the axis of the pipe, over an elliptical notch cut into the end. It is normally in the key of G, with G4 being the lowest note. It produces a very "textured" and "dark" timbre because of the length-to-bore ratio of about 16 to 20 (subsequently causing difficulty in the upper register), which is very unlike the tone of the Western concert flute with a length-to-bore ratio of about 38 to 20.
The quena is a South American wind instrument, mostly used by Andean musicians
Quenacho made in Argentina
The quenacho (also "kenacho" in English) is a greater, lower-toned version of the quena and made the same way. It is in the key of D, with D4 being the lowest note, a perfect fourth lower than the quena. It produces a very rich timbre because of the length-to-bore ratio of about 25, paradoxically brighter by comparison to the quena.
The quena is mostly used in traditional Andean music. In the 1960s and 1970s the quena was used by several nueva canción musicians. This use was in most cases for particular songs and not as a standard instrument, but some groups such as Illapu and virtuoso player Facio Santillan have used it regularly. In the 1980s and 1990s some post-nueva canción rock groups have also incorporated the quena in some of their songs; notably Soda Stereo in Cuando Pase el Temblor and Los Enanitos Verdes in Lamento Boliviano. The quena is also relatively common in world music.
The pinkillu has the same fingering as the quena, and is similar in appearance and operation to a recorder. Unlike the actual quena, it has an air channel or fipple to conduct the air;
The tarka (or tharqa), which also operates like a recorder but is comparatively shorter and quite angular in shape, requires greater breath, and has a darker, more penetrating sound;
The moseño (originally mohoseño), is a long, dual-tube bamboo flute with a deep sound. The auxiliary tube acts as an aeroduct.[2]
^Teofilo Laime Ajacopa (2007). Diccionario Bilingüe Iskay simipi yuyayk’anch [Quechua-English dictionary] (PDF). La Paz, Bolivia.
^"MOXEÑO o MOSEÑO". system of insufflation...placing a cane of conduit towards the mouth...to blow through the artificial "mouth"...due to the great distance from the normal mouth to the holes.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Quena.
Quenas with embouchures made of ebony and other woods
quena, other, uses, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar. For other uses see Quena disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Quena news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message The quena hispanicized spelling of Quechua qina 1 sometimes also written kena in English is the traditional flute of the Andes Traditionally made of cane or wood it has 6 finger holes and one thumb hole and is open on both ends or the bottom is half closed choked To produce sound the player closes the top end of the pipe with the flesh between the chin and lower lip and blows a stream of air downward along the axis of the pipe over an elliptical notch cut into the end It is normally in the key of G with G4 being the lowest note It produces a very textured and dark timbre because of the length to bore ratio of about 16 to 20 subsequently causing difficulty in the upper register which is very unlike the tone of the Western concert flute with a length to bore ratio of about 38 to 20 The quena is a South American wind instrument mostly used by Andean musicians Quenacho made in Argentina The quenacho also kenacho in English is a greater lower toned version of the quena and made the same way It is in the key of D with D4 being the lowest note a perfect fourth lower than the quena It produces a very rich timbre because of the length to bore ratio of about 25 paradoxically brighter by comparison to the quena The quena is mostly used in traditional Andean music In the 1960s and 1970s the quena was used by several nueva cancion musicians This use was in most cases for particular songs and not as a standard instrument but some groups such as Illapu and virtuoso player Facio Santillan have used it regularly In the 1980s and 1990s some post nueva cancion rock groups have also incorporated the quena in some of their songs notably Soda Stereo in Cuando Pase el Temblor and Los Enanitos Verdes in Lamento Boliviano The quena is also relatively common in world music Contents 1 Other Andean instruments similar to the quena 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksOther Andean instruments similar to the quena EditOther Andean flutes include the following The pinkillu has the same fingering as the quena and is similar in appearance and operation to a recorder Unlike the actual quena it has an air channel or fipple to conduct the air The tarka or tharqa which also operates like a recorder but is comparatively shorter and quite angular in shape requires greater breath and has a darker more penetrating sound The moseno originally mohoseno is a long dual tube bamboo flute with a deep sound The auxiliary tube acts as an aeroduct 2 See also EditNative American flute Shakuhachi a similar Japanese end blown fluteReferences Edit Teofilo Laime Ajacopa 2007 Diccionario Bilingue Iskay simipi yuyayk anch Quechua English dictionary PDF La Paz Bolivia MOXENO o MOSENO system of insufflation placing a cane of conduit towards the mouth to blow through the artificial mouth due to the great distance from the normal mouth to the holes External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Quena Quenas with embouchures made of ebony and other woods Quena music Modern Quena models How to select a quena The sound of the quena Los Koyas Quenacho MusicIain Kelso Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Quena amp oldid 1105428538, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
