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1237

January 01, 1970

Year 1237 (MCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1237 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1237
MCCXXXVII
Ab urbe condita1990
Armenian calendar686
ԹՎ ՈՁԶ
Assyrian calendar5987
Balinese saka calendar1158–1159
Bengali calendar644
Berber calendar2187
English Regnal year21 Hen. 3 – 22 Hen. 3
Buddhist calendar1781
Burmese calendar599
Byzantine calendar6745–6746
Chinese calendar丙申年 (Fire Monkey)
3934 or 3727
    — to —
丁酉年 (Fire Rooster)
3935 or 3728
Coptic calendar953–954
Discordian calendar2403
Ethiopian calendar1229–1230
Hebrew calendar4997–4998
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1293–1294
 - Shaka Samvat1158–1159
 - Kali Yuga4337–4338
Holocene calendar11237
Igbo calendar237–238
Iranian calendar615–616
Islamic calendar634–635
Japanese calendarKatei 3
(嘉禎３年)
Javanese calendar1146–1147
Julian calendar1237
MCCXXXVII
Korean calendar3570
Minguo calendar675 before ROC
民前675年
Nanakshahi calendar−231
Thai solar calendar1779–1780
Tibetan calendar阳火猴年
(male Fire-Monkey)
1363 or 982 or 210
    — to —
阴火鸡年
(female Fire-Rooster)
1364 or 983 or 211
The Mongols at the walls of Vladimir.

Events edit

By place edit

Europe edit

England edit

Mongol Empire edit

  • Autumn – Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus': The Mongol army commanded by Batu Khan and Subutai, invades the Principality of Ryazan (with representatives of all four khanates leading some 100,000 Mongol, Turks and Persian forces into Europe). In December, Batu Khan sends envoys to the Rus' court of Grand Prince Yuri Igorevich and demands the submission of the capital Ryazan.
  • Battle of Voronezh River: Grand Prince Yuri II of Vladimir supported by border princes of Ryazan, Murom, and Pronsk gathers his forces and make a stand on the Voronezh River, waiting for reinforcements from Vladimir. The Mongols under Batu Khan overrun the Rus' forces, who are scattered. Yuri retreats to Ryazan, while some troops withdraw to Kolomna and join the army of Vladimir-Suzdal.
  • December 16–21 – Siege of Ryazan: The Mongols under Batu Khan lay siege to Ryazan. The townspeople repel the first Mongol attacks but after 5 days the city walls are breached by Chinese catapults. On December 21, the Mongols storm the walls and plunder the capital, killing Yuri Igorevich and all inhabitants. Yuri II of Vladimir stands by and does nothing to intervene while Ryazan burns.
  • December – Siege of Kolomna: Rus' forces under Yuri II of Vladimir are besieged and annihilated at Kolomna by the Mongols. Yuri barely escapes to Yaroslavl. The defenceless capital of Vladimir is taken after just 2 days. Yuri's wife Agatha (sister of Michael of Chernigov) and all his family die in Vladimir when a church where they have sought refuge from the fire collapses.

Levant edit

  • Spring – Al-Ashraf Musa, Ayyubid ruler of Damascus, assembles his allies and secures his active support of Kayqubad I, Sejuk ruler of the Sultanate of Rum. A civil war seems inevitable when Kayqubad is poisoned during a feast at Kayseri, on May 31.[4] Meanwhile, the Seljuks strengthen the fortresses in the eastern provinces against the Mongols.
  • August 27 – Al-Ashraf becomes dangerously ill and dies after an 8-year reign. He is succeeded by his brother As-Salih Ismail – who defends Damascus against his elder brother Al-Kamil, Ayyubid ruler of Egypt. In October, Ismail has the suburbs burnt to prevent the Egyptian forces from shelter.[5]

By topic edit

Cities and Towns edit

Births edit

Deaths edit

References edit

  1. ^ John Larner (1980). Italy in the Age of Dante and Petrarch, 1216-1380. Longman. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-582-48366-8.
  2. ^ Coss, Peter R.; Coss, P. R.; Lloyd, Simon D. (1988). Thirteenth Century England II: Proceedings of the Newcastle Upon Tyne Conference 1987. Boydell & Brewer. p. 83. ISBN 9780851155135.
  3. ^ Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 139. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  4. ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 176. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
  5. ^ Burns, Ross (2005). Damascus: A History, p. 186. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-27105-9.
  6. ^ Kate Norgate and A. D. Carr: "Joan [Siwan", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford: OUP, 2004), Retrieved 2 February 2019.]
  7. ^ George Edward Cokayne (1913). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom: Canonteign to Cutts. St. Catherine Press, Limited. p. 169.

January 01, 1970
1237, this, article, relies, largely, entirely, single, source, relevant, discussion, found, talk, page, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, citations, additional, sources, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, 2019, year, mccx. This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources 1237 news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2019 Year 1237 MCCXXXVII was a common year starting on Thursday link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar Millennium 2nd millennium Centuries 12th century 13th century 14th century Decades 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s Years 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1237 in various calendarsGregorian calendar1237MCCXXXVIIAb urbe condita1990Armenian calendar686ԹՎ ՈՁԶAssyrian calendar5987Balinese saka calendar1158 1159Bengali calendar644Berber calendar2187English Regnal year21 Hen 3 22 Hen 3Buddhist calendar1781Burmese calendar599Byzantine calendar6745 6746Chinese calendar丙申年 Fire Monkey 3934 or 3727 to 丁酉年 Fire Rooster 3935 or 3728Coptic calendar953 954Discordian calendar2403Ethiopian calendar1229 1230Hebrew calendar4997 4998Hindu calendars Vikram Samvat1293 1294 Shaka Samvat1158 1159 Kali Yuga4337 4338Holocene calendar11237Igbo calendar237 238Iranian calendar615 616Islamic calendar634 635Japanese calendarKatei 3 嘉禎３年 Javanese calendar1146 1147Julian calendar1237MCCXXXVIIKorean calendar3570Minguo calendar675 before ROC民前675年Nanakshahi calendar 231Thai solar calendar1779 1780Tibetan calendar阳火猴年 male Fire Monkey 1363 or 982 or 210 to 阴火鸡年 female Fire Rooster 1364 or 983 or 211 The Mongols at the walls of Vladimir Contents 1 Events 1 1 By place 1 1 1 Europe 1 1 2 England 1 1 3 Mongol Empire 1 1 4 Levant 1 2 By topic 1 2 1 Cities and Towns 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 ReferencesEvents editBy place edit Europe edit Summer Emperor Frederick II assembles an expeditionary force some 15 000 men to crush the rebellious Lombard League He crosses the Alps to Verona where he is joined by Lord Ezzelino III da Romano including troops from Brescia Vicenza Padua and Treviso Frederick relies on his allies for support and in doing so he provokes the opposition of earlier supporters such as the House of Este which now sides with the Lombards August 15 Battle of the Puig Aragonese forces under Bernat Guillem de Montpeller defeat the Muslim army some 12 000 men of the Taifa of Valencia at El Puig The Almohad forces are routed and many of the soldiers are slain in the action Zayyan ibn Mardanish Almohad ruler and governor of Valencia is forced to go into exile to Tunisia while offering the surrender of all castles from the Turia River to Tortosa and Teruel November 27 Battle of Cortenuova Frederick II defeats the forces of the Lombard League about 5 000 Lombards are captured Frederick makes a triumphal entry into the allied city of Cremona in the manner of an ancient Roman emperor with the captured carroccio later sent to the commune of Rome and an elephant During the winter campaign Frederick captures the Piedmontese cities of Lodi Novara Vercelli Chieri and Savona 1 At the urging of King Louis IX of France Thomas II marries Joanna widow of Ferdinand of Flanders and daughter of the late Latin Emperor Baldwin I Thomas becomes count of Flanders or Jure uxoris 2 Livonian Crusade The Livonian Brothers of the Sword are absorbed into the Teutonic Order as the autonomous Livonian Order An Estonian rebellion begins on Saaremaa Island located in the Baltic Sea England edit September 25 Treaty of York King Henry III signs an agreement with Alexander II of Scotland at York Alexander subjects to Henry s sovereignty and renounces the Scottish claims to Northumberland Westmorland and Cumberland This establishes the Anglo Scottish border in a form with the future status of several feudal properties and marks the end of Scotland s attempts to extend its frontier southward 3 Mongol Empire edit Autumn Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus The Mongol army commanded by Batu Khan and Subutai invades the Principality of Ryazan with representatives of all four khanates leading some 100 000 Mongol Turks and Persian forces into Europe In December Batu Khan sends envoys to the Rus court of Grand Prince Yuri Igorevich and demands the submission of the capital Ryazan Battle of Voronezh River Grand Prince Yuri II of Vladimir supported by border princes of Ryazan Murom and Pronsk gathers his forces and make a stand on the Voronezh River waiting for reinforcements from Vladimir The Mongols under Batu Khan overrun the Rus forces who are scattered Yuri retreats to Ryazan while some troops withdraw to Kolomna and join the army of Vladimir Suzdal December 16 21 Siege of Ryazan The Mongols under Batu Khan lay siege to Ryazan The townspeople repel the first Mongol attacks but after 5 days the city walls are breached by Chinese catapults On December 21 the Mongols storm the walls and plunder the capital killing Yuri Igorevich and all inhabitants Yuri II of Vladimir stands by and does nothing to intervene while Ryazan burns December Siege of Kolomna Rus forces under Yuri II of Vladimir are besieged and annihilated at Kolomna by the Mongols Yuri barely escapes to Yaroslavl The defenceless capital of Vladimir is taken after just 2 days Yuri s wife Agatha sister of Michael of Chernigov and all his family die in Vladimir when a church where they have sought refuge from the fire collapses Levant edit Spring Al Ashraf Musa Ayyubid ruler of Damascus assembles his allies and secures his active support of Kayqubad I Sejuk ruler of the Sultanate of Rum A civil war seems inevitable when Kayqubad is poisoned during a feast at Kayseri on May 31 4 Meanwhile the Seljuks strengthen the fortresses in the eastern provinces against the Mongols August 27 Al Ashraf becomes dangerously ill and dies after an 8 year reign He is succeeded by his brother As Salih Ismail who defends Damascus against his elder brother Al Kamil Ayyubid ruler of Egypt In October Ismail has the suburbs burnt to prevent the Egyptian forces from shelter 5 By topic edit Cities and Towns edit Colln twin city of the later built Alt Berlin is founded on the Fischerinsel The town becomes a trade center which is linked with Magdeburg and Frankfurt an der Oder Elblag is founded by the Teutonic Order under Grand Master Hermann von Balk He constructs a fortified stronghold on the banks of the Elblag River modern Poland Births editJuly 7 Ibn Abd al Malik Almohad historian d 1303 Agnes of Dampierre French noblewoman d 1288 Bohemond VI the Fair prince of Antioch d 1275 Isabel de Redvers English noblewoman d 1293 John II margrave of Brandenburg Stendal d 1281 Ladislaus of Salzburg German archbishop d 1270 Munio of Zamora Spanish friar and bishop d 1300 Deaths editFebruary 2 Joan Lady of Wales English princess 6 March 14 Guigues VI of Viennois count of Albon b 1184 March 16 Gudmundur Arason Icelandic bishop b 1161 March 27 John of Brienne or John I king of Jerusalem April 12 Berengaria of Leon Latin empress consort b 1204 Philip II de Mereville French priest and bishop April 15 Richard Poore English prelate and bishop May 5 Fujiwara no Ietaka Japanese waka poet b 1158 May 31 Kayqubad I Seljuk ruler of the Sultanate of Rum June 6 John of Scotland Scottish nobleman b 1207 7 July 29 Ingeborg of Denmark queen of France b 1174 August 27 Al Ashraf Musa Ayyubid ruler of Damascus August 31 Huijong Korean ruler of Goryeo b 1181 December 21 Yuri Igorevich Grand Prince of Ryazan Anna Maria empress of the Bulgarian Empire b 1204 Emo of Friesland Dutch scholar abbot and writer b 1175 John Halgren of Abbeville French philosopher and writer Jordan of Saxony German preacher and religious leader Julius I the Elder Hungarian nobleman and landowner Kamal al Din Isfahani Persian poet and writer b 1173 Shunten or Shunten Ō ruler of Okinawa Island b 1166 Wei Liaoweng Chinese politician and philosopher b 1178 References edit John Larner 1980 Italy in the Age of Dante and Petrarch 1216 1380 Longman p 31 ISBN 978 0 582 48366 8 Coss Peter R Coss P R Lloyd Simon D 1988 Thirteenth Century England II Proceedings of the Newcastle Upon Tyne Conference 1987 Boydell amp Brewer p 83 ISBN 9780851155135 Hywel Williams 2005 Cassell s Chronology of World History p 139 ISBN 0 304 35730 8 Steven Runciman 1952 A History of The Crusades Vol III The Kingdom of Acre p 176 ISBN 978 0 241 29877 0 Burns Ross 2005 Damascus A History p 186 Routledge ISBN 978 0 415 27105 9 Kate Norgate and A D Carr Joan Siwan Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford OUP 2004 Retrieved 2 February 2019 George Edward Cokayne 1913 The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom Canonteign to Cutts St Catherine Press Limited p 169 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1237 amp oldid 1219706958, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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