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Flag of Ukraine

January 01, 1970

The national flag of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Державний прапор України, romanized: Derzhavnyi prapor Ukrainy) consists of equally sized horizontal bands of blue and yellow.

Ukraine
UseNational flag, civil and state ensign
Proportion2:3
Adopted22 March 1918; 106 years ago (1918-03-22) (officially adopted)
24 August 1991; 32 years ago (1991-08-24) (de facto restored)
28 January 1992; 32 years ago (1992-01-28) (officially restored, current design)
DesignA horizontal bicolour of blue and yellow
Sky-Blue Version
The sky-blue version that was official in 1991–1992; it is still in widespread use next to the current darker version.[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Naval ensign
UseNaval ensign
Proportion2:3
Adopted20 June 2006
DesignWhite with a blue Saint George's cross that extends to the edges of the flag, with the national bicolour in the canton.

The blue and yellow bicolor flag was first seen during the 1848 Spring of Nations in Lemberg (Lviv), the capital of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria within the Austrian Empire. It was later adopted as a state flag by the short-lived Ukrainian People's Republic, the West Ukrainian People's Republic, and the Ukrainian State following the Russian Revolution.

In March 1939, it was also adopted by Carpatho-Ukraine. However, when Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union, the use of the bicolor flag was banned, and it was replaced by the flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. This flag featured a red background, with an azure bottom and a golden hammer and sickle, along with a golden-bordered red star on top. When the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, the bicolor flag gradually returned to use before being officially adopted again on 28 January 1992 by the Ukrainian parliament.

Ukraine has celebrated the Day of the National Flag on 23 August since 2004.

Design edit

Ukrainian law states that the colours of Ukrainian flag are "blue and yellow", but other state bodies have determined the colours. In the table below, the colours are presented according to DSTU 4512:2006 technical specifications:[7] (The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine made this standard mandatory for military funeral flags in 2021.)[8]

 
Scheme Strong azure Yellow
Pantone Pantone Coated 2935 C[7] Pantone Coated Yellow 012 C[7]
RAL 5019 Azure 1023 Gold (golden)
RGB color model 0, 87, 183[9] 255, 215, 0[10]
CMYK 100, 63, 0, 2[9] 0, 2, 100, 0[10]
HEX #0056B9 #FFD800
Websafe #0066cc #ffcc00

There has been disagreement over the shade of blue used in the flag. Both dark blue (Ukrainian: синій) and sky blue (Ukrainian: блакитний) flags were historically used. When the flag was approved in 1992, the dark blue colour was chosen over sky blue for practical reasons: sky blue flags fade very quickly in the sun. Although the official standard was introduced in 2006, some manufacturers keep producing flags that do not match the standard.[11]

  •  
    A Ukrainian independence poster (1917)
  •  
    Leonid Kadenyuk at NASA, note different shades of blue on the patch and on the flag behind (1997)
  •  
    The strip of the vehicle registration plate

The flag is similar to that of the Austrian state of Lower Austria, the German city of Chemnitz, historical Kingdom of Dalmatia (now Croatia) and the Hungarian city of Pécs, but all of those flags have a darker shade of blue. The flag is also somewhat similar to that of the Malaysian state of Perlis and the English county of Durham (without the cross), but has a reversed colour arrangement, lighter shades of blue and yellow, and a different aspect ratio.

Protocol and use edit

Article 20 of the Constitution of Ukraine states that "the State Flag of Ukraine is a banner of two equally sized horizontal bands of blue and yellow colour." (Ukrainian: "Державний Прапор України — стяг із двох рівновеликих горизонтальних смуг синього і жовтого кольорів.").[12][13]

 
Hanging version of the Ukrainian flag

In addition to the normal horizontal format, many public buildings, such as the Verkhovna Rada, use vertical flags. Most town halls fly their town flag together with the national flag in this way; some town flags in Ukraine exist only in vertical form. The proportions of these vertical flags are not specified. When hung like a banner or draped, the blue band should be on the left. When flown from a vertical flagpole, the blue band must face the mast.

The flag did not appear on Ukrainian postal stamp issues until 1992, when they depicted the flag with the state coat of arms. Since then, the flag has frequently appeared on stamps. Cinderella stamps of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists were printed outside Ukraine during the Soviet period for patriotic purposes.

Decoration edit

Traditionally, the flag may be decorated with a golden fringe surrounding the perimeter of the flag, as long as it does not deface the flag proper. The tradition began with the flag of the Ukrainian SSR. In addition, the Great Soviet Encyclopedia shows a flag decorated with a gold star. Ceremonial displays of the flag, such as those in parades or on indoor posts, often use a fringe to enhance the allure of the flag. No specific law governs the use of the fringe. Traditionally, the Army, Guard, Navy and Air Force use a fringed flag for parades, colour guards and indoor displays, while the Office of the President and local authorities use a fringed flag on all occasions.

Places of continuous display edit

Ukrainian flags are customarily displayed continuously in certain locations.

Particular days for display edit

The flag is hoisted up to its full staff on the following days:

Display at half-staff edit

The flag is displayed at half-staff (or half-mast) as a sign of respect or mourning. When done nationwide, such a step is proclaimed by the president. Half-mast means flying a flag two-thirds of the way up a flagpole; the top of the flag must be at least a flag's height from the top of the flagpole. Black ribbons indicate mourning on banners that can not be lowered to half-mast.

Flag Day edit

 
The flag of Ukraine at Kyiv City Hall
Main article: Day of the National Flag (Ukraine)

The Day of the National Flag in Ukraine is celebrated on 23 August; it began in 2004.[14] Previously, 24 July was National Flag Day in Kyiv. The first ceremonial raising of the yellow-and-blue Ukrainian flag in modern times took place on 24 July 1990, at the flagstaff of the Kyiv City Council, two years before the flag was officially adopted as the National flag. Since 1992, the Independence Day of Ukraine has been celebrated on 24 August. Following a government decree, the flag must be flown from public buildings on this date and certain other holidays; not all are public holidays. Flags must also be flown on parliamentary election days and regional-specific flag days. The public display of flags to mark other events, such as the election of the president or the death of a prominent politician (whereupon flags are flown at half-mast), can be declared at the discretion of the Cabinet of Ministers. When flags are flown at half-mast, vertical flags are not lowered. A black mourning ribbon is instead attached, either atop the mast if hung from a pole, or to each end of the flag's supporting cross-beams if flown like a banner.

History edit

 
Cossack flags depicted in Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks by Ilya Repin, 1880–1891
 
Typical agricultural landscape of Ukraine in the Kherson Oblast
 
A boy carrying a blue-yellow flag with the Ruthenian lion in the middle during the Ruthenian pilgrimage to the Holy Land, 1906

The roots of Ukrainian national symbols come from pre-Christian times when yellow and blue prevailed in traditional ceremonies, reflecting fire and water.[15] The most solid proof of yellow and blue colours can be traced back as far as the Battle of Grunwald in 1410, in which militia formations from the Ruthenian Voivodeship participated.

Blue-yellow, red-black, crimson-olive and especially raspberry colour banners were widely used by Ukrainian Cossacks between the 16th and 18th centuries. These were not the only possible combinations, since normally Cossacks would fly their hetman's banners, which were similar to the coats of arms of the nobility. Also, yellow and blue were the colours common on coats of arms in Galicia. In fact, the coat of arms of Lviv to this day remains a golden lion on a blue field.

Some put the starting point of the adoption of the current national flag of Ukraine to 1848 when, during the Spring of the Nations on 22 April 1848, a blue-and-yellow banner was adopted by the Supreme Ruthenian Council[16] in Lemberg (Lviv), the capital of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, and flew over the city's magistrate for the first time. Although this move did not have significant consequences, the newly formed Ukrainian divisions in the Austrian army used blue-and-yellow banners in their insignia.

During the Russian Revolution of 1905, this flag was used by Ukrainians of the Dnieper Ukraine.

Early independence: 1917–1921 edit

 
UPR flag with the blue and yellow flag, Ukrainian War of Independence, 1918
 
1920 publication featuring Ukraine's flag and coat of arms
 
Ukrainian Galician Army troops with the blue and yellow flag, 1918

Both blue-yellow and yellow-blue flags were widely used during the Ukrainian struggle for independence in 1917. For the first time in the history of the Russian Empire, the blue-yellow flag was flown on 25 March 1917 in Petrograd during a 20,000-strong mass demonstration.[16] On the territory of Ukraine the national flag was flown for the first time in Kyiv on 29 March 1917 by soldiers.[16] On 1 April 1917, Kyiv saw a 100,000-strong demonstration where over 320 national flags were flown.[16] Afterwards, similar demonstrations with Ukrainian flags took place across the entire Russian Empire, even beyond ethnic Ukrainian lands.[16] Numerous famous Ukrainian politicians wrote about the 1 April demonstration, including Mykhailo Hrushevsky and Serhiy Yefremov, noting that there were blue-and-yellow flags, while Dmytro Doroshenko claimed that they were yellow and blue.[16] The blue-yellow flag was flown at the First Ukrainian Military Congress on 18 May 1917.[16]

The official flag established by the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918 was blue-yellow. Instead, they refer to the decision on the Fleet Flag, which was to be light blue–yellow,[17] as an indication that the official flag was light blue–yellow.[18] Also adopted were several other service flags of the Ukrainian People's Republic.[19]

The official flag of Pavlo Skoropadsky's Hetmanate was also light blue-yellow and remained the same under the Directorate of Symon Petlura.[citation needed] The flag of the West Ukrainian People's Republic was blue-yellow.[citation needed] The stateless Makhnovshchina, which existed during the Ukrainian War of Independence, used the black flag.[20]

Among Ukrainian immigrant organisations, there were proponents of both blue-yellow and yellow-blue flags. Eventually, an agreement was reached to use the blue-yellow flag until the issue could be resolved by an independent Ukraine.

Green Ukraine

Soviet Ukraine: 1922–1991 edit

Main article: Flag of the Ukrainian SSR
 
Photo of the Ukrainian flag confiscated by the KGB after it was flown in one of the Kyiv universities in 1966. The flag contains lines alluding to the Ukrainian anthem: "Ukraine has not perished, it has not been killed yet".

During Soviet rule, the Ukrainian flag was banned,[23] and anyone displaying it could be criminally prosecuted for "anti-Soviet propaganda". The first flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on 10 March 1919, to serve as the symbol of state of Soviet Ukraine. Details of the official flag changed periodically before the break-up of the Soviet Union in 1991, but all were based on the red flag of the October Revolution in Russia and an exact replica of the flags of the neighbouring Russian SFSR. The first flag was red with the gold Cyrillic sans-serif letters У.С.С.Р. (U.S.S.R., acronym for Ukrainskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika in the Russian language). In the 1930s, a gold border was added to the flag. In 1937, a new flag was adopted, with a small gold hammer and sickle added above the gold Cyrillic serif У.Р.С.Р. (U.R.S.R., for Ukrainska Radianska Sotsialistychna Respublika in the Ukrainian language).

Ukrainian SSR
  •  
      1919–1929
  •  
      1929–1937
  •  
      1937–1949
  •  
      1949–1991

Interbellum and Reichskommissariat Ukraine edit

The Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists is a Ukrainian political organisation which as a movement was originally created in 1929 in Western Ukraine (interwar Poland at the time). For a long time, the OUN did not officially have its own flag; however, during the Hungarian and Polish aggression against the Republic of Carpathian Ukraine in 1939, Carpathian Sich, a militarised wing of the OUN, adopted as its flag a design taken from the OUN's emblem – a golden nationalistic trident on a blue background. The flag was finalised and only officially adopted by the organisation in 1964 at the 5th Assembly of Ukrainian Nationalists.

The Ukrainian Insurgent Army was a Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary and later partisan army that engaged in a series of guerrilla conflicts during World War II against Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and both underground and communist Poland. The group was the military wing of the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists — Bandera faction (the OUN-B), originally formed in Volyn in the spring and summer of 1943. Its official date of creation is 14 October 1942. The battle flag of the UPA was a 2:3 ratio red-and-black banner. The flag continues to be a symbol of the Ukrainian nationalist movement. The colours of the flag symbolise 'Ukrainian red blood spilled on Ukrainian black earth'.

In 1949, the flag of the Soviet Ukraine was changed once again.[24] The Soviet Union managed to obtain two additional seats in the United Nations by adding Ukraine and Byelorussia as member states.[24] The flag change came about because all the Soviet flags were the same.[24] The new Ukrainian flag consisted of red (top, 2/3) and azure (bottom, 1/3) stripes,[24] with the golden star, hammer and sickle in the top left corner. Communist party leaders such as Nikita Khrushchev and Lazar Kaganovich feared using words like 'light blue' and 'blue' in the official flag colours, as they were the terms used by the Ukrainian diaspora.[24]

During the Soviet period, multiple unsanctioned attempts to hoist the national blue-and-yellow flag were made. In 1958, an underground group was established in the village of Verbytsia, Khodoriv Raion; its members raised national flags and spread anti-Soviet pamphlets under cover of darkness.[25]

Return of the national flag edit

 
The Ukrainian national flag was raised outside Kyiv's City Hall for the first time on 24 July 1990.

Under the influence of Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of perestroika and glasnost, individual Soviet republics gained a strengthened sense of national identity, leading to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. This was particularly true for the three Baltic states and Western Ukraine, which were the last territories annexed into Soviet Union. The national awakening was accompanied by attempts to restore historical national symbols. In 1988, the Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR re-established Lithuania's national flag and coat of arms as the state symbol. The parliaments of Latvia and Estonia soon followed suit.

The events in the Baltic countries soon led to similar patterns in Ukraine. In particular, West Ukraine and the Ukrainian SSR's capital city of Kyiv were the scenes of near-constant political demonstrations, in which yellow-and-blue flags were waved by demonstrators.

  • On 14 March 1990, the Ukrainian flag was raised for the first time since the establishment of the Soviet Union in the small city of Stryi.[26]
  • On 20 March 1990, the Ternopil town council voted on the use and re-establishment of the yellow-and-blue flag and the tryzub and Shche ne vmerla Ukrainy national anthem. The same day, the yellow-and-blue national flag was flown for the first time in 80 years on a governmental building in Kyiv, replacing the then-official red-azure flag of the Ukrainian SSR.
  • On 28 April 1990, the Lviv oblast council (oblasna rada) also allowed the use of the national symbols of Ukraine within the Oblast.
  • On 29 April 1990, the yellow-and-blue flag was flown from the Ternopil city theatre's flagstaff without the flag of the Soviet Union hanging above it.
  • After 24 July 1990, the yellow-and-blue flag was flown for the first time over an official governmental building, the Kyiv City Council, on Maidan Nezalezhnosti Square of Khreshchatyk Street.[27]
  • After the declaration of independence of Ukraine on 24 August 1991, the national yellow-and-blue flag flew for the first time over the Ukrainian Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) building on 4 September 1991.

The blue and yellow flag was provisionally adopted for official ceremonies in August 1991 following Ukrainian independence, before officially being restored on 28 January 1992 by the Parliament of Ukraine.[28][29] At the beginning of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, landmarks all over the world were lit up with the colours of the Ukrainian flag, while numerous cities raised the Ukrainian flag in solidarity.[30][31] Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment, an independent Belarusian volunteer regiment, also adopted the colours of the Ukrainian flag in its insignia.

  •  
      Flag of post-Soviet Ukraine used from 8 September 1991 to 28 January 1992 (blue-yellow, lighter shades)
  •  
      Flag of post-Soviet Ukraine used from 8 September 1991 to 28 January 1992 (Soviet shades from previous SSR flag)
  •  
      Flag of post-Soviet Ukraine used from 8 September 1991 to 28 January 1992 (blue-yellow, darker shades)
  •  
      Flag of Ukraine since 1992
  •  
      Flag of Ukraine with lighter shades is non-standard but has been frequently used[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Controversies and criticism edit

Origin edit

One claimed version is that, since one of the first known coloured depictions of the coat of arms of Kyiv was mainly in yellow-blue colours, this tradition may have existed since the time of the Nordic-Slavic Grand Prince of Kyiv Volodymyr the Great. However, the blue-yellow colouring dates back to Kievan Rus’, as an early version of the Tryzub, Ukraine's national coat of arms, sported the same colouring as the seal of Sviatoslav I of Kyiv (c. AD 945). During the 1709 Battle of Poltava, the Cossacks following Mazepa fought under yellow-blue banners, while their Swedish allies were under yellow ones. Some Cossacks and noblemen had coats of arms in yellow and blue.[32]

Yellow-blue versus blue-yellow edit

Ukrainians commonly refer to the flag as "yellow and light blue" (Ukrainian: жовто-блакитний, zhovto-blakytnyi)[33]—a different version of the flag used during UNR (Ukrainian National Republic) years (1917–1921) with yellow on the top and blue on the bottom. The yellow on the top allegedly represents golden domes (cupolas) of Christian churches and the blue the Dnieper river.

The head of the Ukrainian Heraldry Society, Andriy Grechylo, points to the fact that the discussion about order of colours was taking place as far back as 1918.[24] Nonetheless, both governments of the Ukrainian People's Republic as well as the Ukrainian State defined that the upper half would be light-blue, while the lower would be yellow.[24] During 1918 it was taken into consideration that light blue would lose its shade under sun, therefore it was decided to make the colour darker.[24]

Already in the 1918 draft of the Constitution of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the order of colours was defined as blue and yellow.[24] The same order could be found in legislative acts of the West Ukrainian People's Republic for November 1918 and the Republic of Carpathian Ukraine on 15 March 1939.[24] The argument on the order of colours was taking place in the Ukrainian diaspora as well.[24] In 1949 it was decided that, until Ukraine defined a single state flag, the diaspora would use the blue-and-yellow banner.[24]

Attempts to revive Soviet flags edit

On 21 April 2011, the Verkhovna Rada passed a law allowing the Victory Banner to be raised on Victory Day.[34] The current Victory Banner was adopted in Russia in 2007. On 20 May 2011, the law was signed by the President of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych.[35] On 17 June 2011, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine recognised the law as unconstitutional and proposed that the parliament implement required amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine.[36]

On 9 April 2015, the Ukrainian parliament passed legislation on decommunization, banning the promotion of symbols of "Communist and National Socialist totalitarian regimes".[37] Since then, Soviet symbols, like the Victory Banner, have only been allowed in cemeteries.[38][39]

Soviet flags have been flown in territories outside of the government's control after Russia invaded the country in 2022.[40]

Flag of the head of state edit

Throughout the history of Ukraine, various heads of state have used different flags. The designs differ according to the historical era they were used in and in accordance with the political scene in Ukraine at the time. The first flag to be used by a head of state of Ukraine was that of Pavlo Skoropadskyi. A standard for the President of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile appeared around 1930. The current design, the flag of the president of Ukraine, was adopted in 1999. In 2022, the president of Ukraine used a variant where the left side of the blue upper-half contains the yellow Tryzub.[41]

Military flags edit

 
Navy and National Guard flags being flown during a military parade

Historical edit

Naval Ensign
  •  
      1787
  •  
      1917
  •  
      1918–1921
  •  
      1918
  •  
      1992
  •  
      1993
  •  
      1994–1997
  •  
      1997–2006
Naval Jack
  •  
      1918–1921
  •  
      1992
Soviet Union
  •  
      Flag of the Soviet Navy (1953–1991)
  •  
      From 1 October 1992 to 1995, this flag was used as the naval ensign of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation and Ukraine.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Signing the Agreement to eliminate the USSR and establish the Commonwealth of Independent States.
  2. ^ a b "Figure Skating Drama - Part 2 - The Lillehammer 1994 Olympic Film". youtube.com.
  3. ^ a b "Церемонія підняття Прапора України у місті Львові". youtube.com (in Ukrainian). 23 August 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Урочиста церемонія підняття Державного Прапора України 23.08.17". youtube.com (in Ukrainian). 23 August 2017.
  5. ^ a b "ДЕРЖАВНИЙ ПРАПОР УКРАЇНИ ПІДНЯТО У ЛЬВОВІ". youtube.com (in Ukrainian). 23 August 2019.
  6. ^ a b "У Вінниці підняли найбільший в області Державний прапор України". youtube.com (in Ukrainian). 23 August 2021.
  7. ^ a b c Kuzemska, N. (2006). "ДСТУ 4512:2006. Державний прапор України. Загальні технічні умови" [DSTU 4512:2006. National flag of Ukraine. General technical conditions]. uk.wikisource.org (in Ukrainian). Research Institute of Design of NAU, Ukrainian Research Institute of Textile Industry. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  8. ^ "Про затвердження Порядку виготовлення Державного Прапора України" [On the Approval of the Rules for the Production of the State Flag of Ukraine] (in Ukrainian). Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 20 October 2021. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  9. ^ a b . www.pantone.com. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  10. ^ a b . www.pantone.com. Archived from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  11. ^ Martynnyk, Bohdanna (23 August 2020). "Як комуністи ледь не зіпсували наш синьо-жовтий стяг - Спецтема" (in Ukrainian). Ekspres. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
  12. ^ Constitution of Ukraine.
  13. ^ Конституція України. Верховна Рада України (in Ukrainian).
  14. ^ Ukraine celebrates National Flag Day October 7, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Xinhua News Agency (August 23, 2012)
    Ceremony of hoisting Ukraine's national flag held at presidential administration, Kyiv Post (August 23, 2011)
    Україна відзначає День Державного прапора "On Tuesday, August 23, all of Ukraine celebrates National Flag Day. Measures to raise the national flag are planned throughout the country." 1 August 2013 at the Wayback Machine, 1+1 (August 23, 2011)
  15. ^ Saprykov, V. (30 May 2003). Флаг Украины [Flag of Ukraine]. geraldika.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2 October 2017.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g "Синьо-жовтий чи жовто-блакитний? Міфи про "перевернутий" прапор (Blue-yellow or yellow-blue? Myths about the flipped flag)". Ukrayinska Pravda Історична правда. 14 January 2014. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  17. ^ Rozovyk, D. F. (1999). [Documents and materials: On the creation of Ukrainian national-state symbols during the battle for liberation (1917-1920)] (PDF). Ukrainian Historical Journal (in Ukrainian). 4. Kyiv: history.org.ua: 115–121. ISSN 0130-5247. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 July 2007.
  18. ^ Chmyr, Mykola (2006). [Ukrainian Army in the 20th-21st Century: 'Command banners' of the Galician Army (August 1919)]. vijsko.milua.org (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 4 July 2007. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
  19. ^ Grechylo A. Ukrayinska Terytorialna Heraldyka. Lviv, 2010, pp. 98–118. ISBN 978-966-02-5259-2
  20. ^ Darch, Colin (2020). Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine, 1917-1921. London: Pluto Press. p. 102. ISBN 9781786805263. OCLC 1225942343.
  21. ^ Smith, Ned (24 February 2001). "Green Ukraine / Ukrainian Far East (1921, Russian Far East)". FOTW "Flags Of The World". CRW Flags. Retrieved 24 October 2018. In "Flags of Non-Russian Peoples Under Soviet Rule" by Prof. Walter Trembicky [tbc69], pages 134 and 135, it mentions two proposed flags for Green Ukraine, or the Ukrainian Far East, neither of which was officially adopted, since the movement quickly proved abortive. There are simple black & white line drawings illustrating the two proposed flags on p. 133 of [tbc69]. The green in the two flags was described as dark or deep green. ... One [of the two proposed flags] was the Ukrainian blue-over-gold bicolor with a green triangle at the hoist.
  22. ^ Trembicky, Walter (1969). Flags of Non-Russian Peoples Under Soviet Rule. Flag Research Center. pp. 134, 135.
  23. ^ "The Revolution On Granite: Ukraine's 'First Maidan'". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Gazeta.ua (23 August 2013). "Хрущов і Каганович боялися слова "жовто-блакитний" (Khrushchev and Kaganovich were afraid of the word "zhovto-blakytnyi")". Gazeta.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  25. ^ "Невідомі прапороносці. Жовто-блакитний проти червоного (Unknown flag-bearers. Yellow-blue against Red)". Ukrayinska Pravda Історична правда. 29 July 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  26. ^ "History of evolution of the State Flag of Ukraine". Ukrinform (in Ukrainian). 23 August 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2022. . Archived from the original on 17 August 2015. Retrieved 23 August 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  27. ^ "22 роки тому в Києві офіційно підняли синьо-жовтий прапор (Twenty two years ago in Kyiv officially was raised the blue-yellow flag)". BBC News Україна (in Ukrainian). 24 July 2012. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  28. ^ "Ukraine's national flag celebrating 25th anniversary today". UNIAN. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  29. ^ Trach, Nataliya (26 August 2016). "The story behind 2 top Ukrainian symbols: National flag and trident". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
  30. ^ . Archived from the original on 11 April 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  31. ^ "VIDEO : Ukraine invasion: Europe's landmarks turned blue and yellow in solidarity with Kyiv". 25 February 2022.
  32. ^ Vannier, Alexis (24 August 2021). "" CHTCHE NE VMERLA UKRAÏNY " : HISTOIRE DU DRAPEAU DE L'UKRAINE". taurillon.org (in French). Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  33. ^ A little less often they use also "yellow and blue", "blue and yellow" and "yellow and azure".
  34. ^ "РАДА ЗОБОВ'ЯЗАЛА ВИВІШУВАТИ ЧЕРВОНІ ПРАПОРИ НА 9 ТРАВНЯ (Rada enforced raising red flags on the May 9)". Ukrayinska Pravda Історична правда (in Ukrainian). 21 April 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  35. ^ "ЯНУКОВИЧ ПІДПИСАВ ЗАКОН ПРО ЧЕРВОНИЙ ПРАПОР (Yanukovych signed the law about the Red Banner)". Ukrayinska Pravda Історична правда (in Ukrainian). 21 May 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  36. ^ "КС Украины признал неконституционным использование красного знамени Победы (CC of Ukraine recognised the use of Red Victory Banner as non-constitutional)". Russian Gazette Российская газета (in Russian). 17 June 2011. Retrieved 4 March 2022.
  37. ^ Peterson, Nolan (10 April 2015). "Ukraine Purges Symbols of Its Communist Past". Newsweek. Retrieved 17 May 2015.
    "Rada bans Communist, Nazi propaganda in Ukraine". Interfax-Ukraine. 9 April 2015. Retrieved 17 May 2015.
    Hyde, Lily (20 April 2015). . The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 May 2015. Retrieved 17 May 2015.
  38. ^ Shevchenko, Vitaly (14 April 2015). "Goodbye, Lenin: Ukraine moves to ban communist symbols". BBC News. Retrieved 17 May 2015.
  39. ^ "Ukraine lawmakers ban 'Communist and Nazi propaganda'". Deutsche Welle. 9 April 2015. from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  40. ^ Young, Pareisa (11 March 2022). "Ukraine: Russian troops flying Soviet flag, symbol of 're-establishing Russian domination'". The Observers - France 24. from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  41. ^ Basu, Zachary (1 March 2022). "Zelensky tells European Parliament "nobody is going to break us" in emotional appeal". Axios. Retrieved 4 March 2022.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National flag of Ukraine.
 
Wikiquote has quotations related to Flag of Ukraine.
  • Ukraine at Flags of the World
  • DSTU 4512:2006 Technical specifications from DSTU (Ukrainian national standards body) regarding flag of Ukraine, in Ukrainian. 1 September 2006.
  • Ukraine – Vexillographia
  • Departmantal Flag and Emblem in Ukraine
  • Brief history of the flag 18 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine at the Science Library of Franko National University (Lviv).
  • "About Ukrainian flag". Statement of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Ukraine. 18 September 1991.
  • "About the State Flag of Ukraine". State of the Supreme Council of Ukraine. 28 January 1992.

January 01, 1970
flag, ukraine, national, flag, ukraine, ukrainian, Державний, прапор, України, romanized, derzhavnyi, prapor, ukrainy, consists, equally, sized, horizontal, bands, blue, yellow, ukraineusenational, flag, civil, state, ensignproportion2, 3adopted22, march, 1918. The national flag of Ukraine Ukrainian Derzhavnij prapor Ukrayini romanized Derzhavnyi prapor Ukrainy consists of equally sized horizontal bands of blue and yellow UkraineUseNational flag civil and state ensignProportion2 3Adopted22 March 1918 106 years ago 1918 03 22 officially adopted 24 August 1991 32 years ago 1991 08 24 de facto restored 28 January 1992 32 years ago 1992 01 28 officially restored current design DesignA horizontal bicolour of blue and yellowSky Blue VersionThe sky blue version that was official in 1991 1992 it is still in widespread use next to the current darker version 1 2 3 4 5 6 Naval ensignUseNaval ensignProportion2 3Adopted20 June 2006DesignWhite with a blue Saint George s cross that extends to the edges of the flag with the national bicolour in the canton The blue and yellow bicolor flag was first seen during the 1848 Spring of Nations in Lemberg Lviv the capital of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria within the Austrian Empire It was later adopted as a state flag by the short lived Ukrainian People s Republic the West Ukrainian People s Republic and the Ukrainian State following the Russian Revolution In March 1939 it was also adopted by Carpatho Ukraine However when Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union the use of the bicolor flag was banned and it was replaced by the flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic This flag featured a red background with an azure bottom and a golden hammer and sickle along with a golden bordered red star on top When the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991 the bicolor flag gradually returned to use before being officially adopted again on 28 January 1992 by the Ukrainian parliament Ukraine has celebrated the Day of the National Flag on 23 August since 2004 Contents 1 Design 2 Protocol and use 2 1 Decoration 2 2 Places of continuous display 2 3 Particular days for display 2 4 Display at half staff 3 Flag Day 4 History 4 1 Early independence 1917 1921 4 2 Soviet Ukraine 1922 1991 4 3 Interbellum and Reichskommissariat Ukraine 4 4 Return of the national flag 5 Controversies and criticism 5 1 Origin 5 2 Yellow blue versus blue yellow 5 3 Attempts to revive Soviet flags 6 Flag of the head of state 7 Military flags 7 1 Historical 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksDesign editUkrainian law states that the colours of Ukrainian flag are blue and yellow but other state bodies have determined the colours In the table below the colours are presented according to DSTU 4512 2006 technical specifications 7 The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine made this standard mandatory for military funeral flags in 2021 8 nbsp Scheme Strong azure Yellow Pantone Pantone Coated 2935 C 7 Pantone Coated Yellow 012 C 7 RAL 5019 Azure 1023 Gold golden RGB color model 0 87 183 9 255 215 0 10 CMYK 100 63 0 2 9 0 2 100 0 10 HEX 0056B9 FFD800 Websafe 0066cc ffcc00 There has been disagreement over the shade of blue used in the flag Both dark blue Ukrainian sinij and sky blue Ukrainian blakitnij flags were historically used When the flag was approved in 1992 the dark blue colour was chosen over sky blue for practical reasons sky blue flags fade very quickly in the sun Although the official standard was introduced in 2006 some manufacturers keep producing flags that do not match the standard 11 nbsp A Ukrainian independence poster 1917 nbsp Leonid Kadenyuk at NASA note different shades of blue on the patch and on the flag behind 1997 nbsp The strip of the vehicle registration plate The flag is similar to that of the Austrian state of Lower Austria the German city of Chemnitz historical Kingdom of Dalmatia now Croatia and the Hungarian city of Pecs but all of those flags have a darker shade of blue The flag is also somewhat similar to that of the Malaysian state of Perlis and the English county of Durham without the cross but has a reversed colour arrangement lighter shades of blue and yellow and a different aspect ratio Protocol and use editThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Flag of Ukraine news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2017 Learn how and when to remove this message Article 20 of the Constitution of Ukraine states that the State Flag of Ukraine is a banner of two equally sized horizontal bands of blue and yellow colour Ukrainian Derzhavnij Prapor Ukrayini styag iz dvoh rivnovelikih gorizontalnih smug sinogo i zhovtogo koloriv 12 13 nbsp Hanging version of the Ukrainian flag In addition to the normal horizontal format many public buildings such as the Verkhovna Rada use vertical flags Most town halls fly their town flag together with the national flag in this way some town flags in Ukraine exist only in vertical form The proportions of these vertical flags are not specified When hung like a banner or draped the blue band should be on the left When flown from a vertical flagpole the blue band must face the mast The flag did not appear on Ukrainian postal stamp issues until 1992 when they depicted the flag with the state coat of arms Since then the flag has frequently appeared on stamps Cinderella stamps of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists were printed outside Ukraine during the Soviet period for patriotic purposes Decoration edit Traditionally the flag may be decorated with a golden fringe surrounding the perimeter of the flag as long as it does not deface the flag proper The tradition began with the flag of the Ukrainian SSR In addition the Great Soviet Encyclopedia shows a flag decorated with a gold star Ceremonial displays of the flag such as those in parades or on indoor posts often use a fringe to enhance the allure of the flag No specific law governs the use of the fringe Traditionally the Army Guard Navy and Air Force use a fringed flag for parades colour guards and indoor displays while the Office of the President and local authorities use a fringed flag on all occasions Places of continuous display edit Ukrainian flags are customarily displayed continuously in certain locations Maidan Nezalezhnosti main square of Kyiv traditional site for political rallies including large scale radical protest campaigns Orange Revolution and Euromaidan Presidential Administration Building Verkhovna Rada building and Government Building Kyiv City Council Lviv High Castle Vernadsky Research Base State Border Guard Service of Ukraine sites National regional and local government buildings Ukrainian embassies and consulates Particular days for display edit The flag is hoisted up to its full staff on the following days 1 January New Year s Day 7 January Christmas Julian 22 January Ukrainian Unity and Freedom Day 8 March International Women s Day 1 amp 2 May International Workers Day 8 May Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism 28 June Constitution Day 23 August Flag Day 24 August Independence Day 13 October Defenders of Ukraine Day 21 November Day of Dignity and Freedom 6 December Armed Forces Day 25 December Christmas Gregorian Neo Julian Display at half staff edit The flag is displayed at half staff or half mast as a sign of respect or mourning When done nationwide such a step is proclaimed by the president Half mast means flying a flag two thirds of the way up a flagpole the top of the flag must be at least a flag s height from the top of the flagpole Black ribbons indicate mourning on banners that can not be lowered to half mast 4th Saturday of November Holodomor Memorial Day Other historical cases mass victims of accidents Russo Ukrainian War and Euromaidan death and state funeral of Lech and Maria Kaczynski funeral of Pope John Paul II and September 11 attacks Flag Day edit nbsp The flag of Ukraine at Kyiv City Hall Main article Day of the National Flag Ukraine The Day of the National Flag in Ukraine is celebrated on 23 August it began in 2004 14 Previously 24 July was National Flag Day in Kyiv The first ceremonial raising of the yellow and blue Ukrainian flag in modern times took place on 24 July 1990 at the flagstaff of the Kyiv City Council two years before the flag was officially adopted as the National flag Since 1992 the Independence Day of Ukraine has been celebrated on 24 August Following a government decree the flag must be flown from public buildings on this date and certain other holidays not all are public holidays Flags must also be flown on parliamentary election days and regional specific flag days The public display of flags to mark other events such as the election of the president or the death of a prominent politician whereupon flags are flown at half mast can be declared at the discretion of the Cabinet of Ministers When flags are flown at half mast vertical flags are not lowered A black mourning ribbon is instead attached either atop the mast if hung from a pole or to each end of the flag s supporting cross beams if flown like a banner History editThis section may contain material not related to the topic of the article Please help improve this section or discuss this issue on the talk page November 2022 Learn how and when to remove this message nbsp Cossack flags depicted in Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks by Ilya Repin 1880 1891 nbsp Typical agricultural landscape of Ukraine in the Kherson Oblast nbsp A boy carrying a blue yellow flag with the Ruthenian lion in the middle during the Ruthenian pilgrimage to the Holy Land 1906 The roots of Ukrainian national symbols come from pre Christian times when yellow and blue prevailed in traditional ceremonies reflecting fire and water 15 The most solid proof of yellow and blue colours can be traced back as far as the Battle of Grunwald in 1410 in which militia formations from the Ruthenian Voivodeship participated Blue yellow red black crimson olive and especially raspberry colour banners were widely used by Ukrainian Cossacks between the 16th and 18th centuries These were not the only possible combinations since normally Cossacks would fly their hetman s banners which were similar to the coats of arms of the nobility Also yellow and blue were the colours common on coats of arms in Galicia In fact the coat of arms of Lviv to this day remains a golden lion on a blue field Some put the starting point of the adoption of the current national flag of Ukraine to 1848 when during the Spring of the Nations on 22 April 1848 a blue and yellow banner was adopted by the Supreme Ruthenian Council 16 in Lemberg Lviv the capital of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria and flew over the city s magistrate for the first time Although this move did not have significant consequences the newly formed Ukrainian divisions in the Austrian army used blue and yellow banners in their insignia During the Russian Revolution of 1905 this flag was used by Ukrainians of the Dnieper Ukraine nbsp nbsp Flag of the Kingdom of Ruthenia nbsp nbsp Flags of the Lwow land banner during the Battle of Grunwald 1410 nbsp nbsp nbsp Banner of the Zaporizhian Sich before 1775 nbsp nbsp Flag of the coat of arms of the Cossack Hetmanate 1649 1764 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Black Sea Cossack Host in 1803 nbsp nbsp Flag of Ruthenian National Guard in 1848 nbsp nbsp Variant of the national flag since 1848 Early independence 1917 1921 edit nbsp UPR flag with the blue and yellow flag Ukrainian War of Independence 1918 nbsp 1920 publication featuring Ukraine s flag and coat of arms nbsp Ukrainian Galician Army troops with the blue and yellow flag 1918 Both blue yellow and yellow blue flags were widely used during the Ukrainian struggle for independence in 1917 For the first time in the history of the Russian Empire the blue yellow flag was flown on 25 March 1917 in Petrograd during a 20 000 strong mass demonstration 16 On the territory of Ukraine the national flag was flown for the first time in Kyiv on 29 March 1917 by soldiers 16 On 1 April 1917 Kyiv saw a 100 000 strong demonstration where over 320 national flags were flown 16 Afterwards similar demonstrations with Ukrainian flags took place across the entire Russian Empire even beyond ethnic Ukrainian lands 16 Numerous famous Ukrainian politicians wrote about the 1 April demonstration including Mykhailo Hrushevsky and Serhiy Yefremov noting that there were blue and yellow flags while Dmytro Doroshenko claimed that they were yellow and blue 16 The blue yellow flag was flown at the First Ukrainian Military Congress on 18 May 1917 16 The official flag established by the Ukrainian People s Republic in 1918 was blue yellow Instead they refer to the decision on the Fleet Flag which was to be light blue yellow 17 as an indication that the official flag was light blue yellow 18 Also adopted were several other service flags of the Ukrainian People s Republic 19 The official flag of Pavlo Skoropadsky s Hetmanate was also light blue yellow and remained the same under the Directorate of Symon Petlura citation needed The flag of the West Ukrainian People s Republic was blue yellow citation needed The stateless Makhnovshchina which existed during the Ukrainian War of Independence used the black flag 20 Among Ukrainian immigrant organisations there were proponents of both blue yellow and yellow blue flags Eventually an agreement was reached to use the blue yellow flag until the issue could be resolved by an independent Ukraine nbsp nbsp Flag of the Ukrainian People s Republic 1917 1921 nbsp nbsp nbsp Non official version of the flag of the Ukrainian People s Republic 1917 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Crimean Democratic Republic 1917 1918 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Kuban People s Republic 1918 1920 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Ukrainian State 1918 nbsp nbsp Flag of the West Ukrainian People s Republic 1918 1919 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Komancza Republic 1918 1919 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Lemko Republic 1918 1920 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Hutsul Republic 1919 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Kholodny Yar Republic 1919 1922 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Makhnovshchina 1917 1921 Green Ukraine nbsp nbsp nbsp Version of the flag of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic 1917 1922 in Siberia 21 22 nbsp nbsp nbsp Version of the flag of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic 1917 1922 in Siberia nbsp nbsp nbsp Version of the flag of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic 1917 1922 in Siberia Soviet Ukraine 1922 1991 edit Main article Flag of the Ukrainian SSR nbsp Photo of the Ukrainian flag confiscated by the KGB after it was flown in one of the Kyiv universities in 1966 The flag contains lines alluding to the Ukrainian anthem Ukraine has not perished it has not been killed yet During Soviet rule the Ukrainian flag was banned 23 and anyone displaying it could be criminally prosecuted for anti Soviet propaganda The first flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on 10 March 1919 to serve as the symbol of state of Soviet Ukraine Details of the official flag changed periodically before the break up of the Soviet Union in 1991 but all were based on the red flag of the October Revolution in Russia and an exact replica of the flags of the neighbouring Russian SFSR The first flag was red with the gold Cyrillic sans serif letters U S S R U S S R acronym for Ukrainskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika in the Russian language In the 1930s a gold border was added to the flag In 1937 a new flag was adopted with a small gold hammer and sickle added above the gold Cyrillic serif U R S R U R S R for Ukrainska Radianska Sotsialistychna Respublika in the Ukrainian language nbsp nbsp Red flag 1917 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Ukrainian People s Republic of Soviets 1917 1919 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Ukrainian People s Socialist Republic 1919 Ukrainian SSR nbsp nbsp 1919 1929 nbsp nbsp 1929 1937 nbsp nbsp 1937 1949 nbsp nbsp 1949 1991 Interbellum and Reichskommissariat Ukraine edit The Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists is a Ukrainian political organisation which as a movement was originally created in 1929 in Western Ukraine interwar Poland at the time For a long time the OUN did not officially have its own flag however during the Hungarian and Polish aggression against the Republic of Carpathian Ukraine in 1939 Carpathian Sich a militarised wing of the OUN adopted as its flag a design taken from the OUN s emblem a golden nationalistic trident on a blue background The flag was finalised and only officially adopted by the organisation in 1964 at the 5th Assembly of Ukrainian Nationalists The Ukrainian Insurgent Army was a Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary and later partisan army that engaged in a series of guerrilla conflicts during World War II against Nazi Germany the Soviet Union Czechoslovakia and both underground and communist Poland The group was the military wing of the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists Bandera faction the OUN B originally formed in Volyn in the spring and summer of 1943 Its official date of creation is 14 October 1942 The battle flag of the UPA was a 2 3 ratio red and black banner The flag continues to be a symbol of the Ukrainian nationalist movement The colours of the flag symbolise Ukrainian red blood spilled on Ukrainian black earth nbsp Flag of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army and Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists Bandera faction nbsp Flag of the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists Melnyk faction nbsp nbsp Flag of Carpatho Ukraine and the 1941 Ukrainian National Government In 1949 the flag of the Soviet Ukraine was changed once again 24 The Soviet Union managed to obtain two additional seats in the United Nations by adding Ukraine and Byelorussia as member states 24 The flag change came about because all the Soviet flags were the same 24 The new Ukrainian flag consisted of red top 2 3 and azure bottom 1 3 stripes 24 with the golden star hammer and sickle in the top left corner Communist party leaders such as Nikita Khrushchev and Lazar Kaganovich feared using words like light blue and blue in the official flag colours as they were the terms used by the Ukrainian diaspora 24 During the Soviet period multiple unsanctioned attempts to hoist the national blue and yellow flag were made In 1958 an underground group was established in the village of Verbytsia Khodoriv Raion its members raised national flags and spread anti Soviet pamphlets under cover of darkness 25 Return of the national flag edit nbsp The Ukrainian national flag was raised outside Kyiv s City Hall for the first time on 24 July 1990 Under the influence of Mikhail Gorbachev s policies of perestroika and glasnost individual Soviet republics gained a strengthened sense of national identity leading to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 This was particularly true for the three Baltic states and Western Ukraine which were the last territories annexed into Soviet Union The national awakening was accompanied by attempts to restore historical national symbols In 1988 the Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR re established Lithuania s national flag and coat of arms as the state symbol The parliaments of Latvia and Estonia soon followed suit The events in the Baltic countries soon led to similar patterns in Ukraine In particular West Ukraine and the Ukrainian SSR s capital city of Kyiv were the scenes of near constant political demonstrations in which yellow and blue flags were waved by demonstrators On 14 March 1990 the Ukrainian flag was raised for the first time since the establishment of the Soviet Union in the small city of Stryi 26 On 20 March 1990 the Ternopil town council voted on the use and re establishment of the yellow and blue flag and the tryzub and Shche ne vmerla Ukrainy national anthem The same day the yellow and blue national flag was flown for the first time in 80 years on a governmental building in Kyiv replacing the then official red azure flag of the Ukrainian SSR On 28 April 1990 the Lviv oblast council oblasna rada also allowed the use of the national symbols of Ukraine within the Oblast On 29 April 1990 the yellow and blue flag was flown from the Ternopil city theatre s flagstaff without the flag of the Soviet Union hanging above it After 24 July 1990 the yellow and blue flag was flown for the first time over an official governmental building the Kyiv City Council on Maidan Nezalezhnosti Square of Khreshchatyk Street 27 After the declaration of independence of Ukraine on 24 August 1991 the national yellow and blue flag flew for the first time over the Ukrainian Parliament Verkhovna Rada building on 4 September 1991 The blue and yellow flag was provisionally adopted for official ceremonies in August 1991 following Ukrainian independence before officially being restored on 28 January 1992 by the Parliament of Ukraine 28 29 At the beginning of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine landmarks all over the world were lit up with the colours of the Ukrainian flag while numerous cities raised the Ukrainian flag in solidarity 30 31 Kastus Kalinoŭski Regiment an independent Belarusian volunteer regiment also adopted the colours of the Ukrainian flag in its insignia nbsp nbsp Flag of post Soviet Ukraine used from 8 September 1991 to 28 January 1992 blue yellow lighter shades nbsp nbsp Flag of post Soviet Ukraine used from 8 September 1991 to 28 January 1992 Soviet shades from previous SSR flag nbsp nbsp Flag of post Soviet Ukraine used from 8 September 1991 to 28 January 1992 blue yellow darker shades nbsp nbsp Flag of Ukraine since 1992 nbsp nbsp Flag of Ukraine with lighter shades is non standard but has been frequently used 1 2 3 4 5 6 Controversies and criticism editOrigin edit One claimed version is that since one of the first known coloured depictions of the coat of arms of Kyiv was mainly in yellow blue colours this tradition may have existed since the time of the Nordic Slavic Grand Prince of Kyiv Volodymyr the Great However the blue yellow colouring dates back to Kievan Rus as an early version of the Tryzub Ukraine s national coat of arms sported the same colouring as the seal of Sviatoslav I of Kyiv c AD 945 During the 1709 Battle of Poltava the Cossacks following Mazepa fought under yellow blue banners while their Swedish allies were under yellow ones Some Cossacks and noblemen had coats of arms in yellow and blue 32 Yellow blue versus blue yellow edit Ukrainians commonly refer to the flag as yellow and light blue Ukrainian zhovto blakitnij zhovto blakytnyi 33 a different version of the flag used during UNR Ukrainian National Republic years 1917 1921 with yellow on the top and blue on the bottom The yellow on the top allegedly represents golden domes cupolas of Christian churches and the blue the Dnieper river The head of the Ukrainian Heraldry Society Andriy Grechylo points to the fact that the discussion about order of colours was taking place as far back as 1918 24 Nonetheless both governments of the Ukrainian People s Republic as well as the Ukrainian State defined that the upper half would be light blue while the lower would be yellow 24 During 1918 it was taken into consideration that light blue would lose its shade under sun therefore it was decided to make the colour darker 24 Already in the 1918 draft of the Constitution of the Ukrainian People s Republic the order of colours was defined as blue and yellow 24 The same order could be found in legislative acts of the West Ukrainian People s Republic for November 1918 and the Republic of Carpathian Ukraine on 15 March 1939 24 The argument on the order of colours was taking place in the Ukrainian diaspora as well 24 In 1949 it was decided that until Ukraine defined a single state flag the diaspora would use the blue and yellow banner 24 Attempts to revive Soviet flags edit On 21 April 2011 the Verkhovna Rada passed a law allowing the Victory Banner to be raised on Victory Day 34 The current Victory Banner was adopted in Russia in 2007 On 20 May 2011 the law was signed by the President of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych 35 On 17 June 2011 the Constitutional Court of Ukraine recognised the law as unconstitutional and proposed that the parliament implement required amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine 36 On 9 April 2015 the Ukrainian parliament passed legislation on decommunization banning the promotion of symbols of Communist and National Socialist totalitarian regimes 37 Since then Soviet symbols like the Victory Banner have only been allowed in cemeteries 38 39 Soviet flags have been flown in territories outside of the government s control after Russia invaded the country in 2022 40 Flag of the head of state editThroughout the history of Ukraine various heads of state have used different flags The designs differ according to the historical era they were used in and in accordance with the political scene in Ukraine at the time The first flag to be used by a head of state of Ukraine was that of Pavlo Skoropadskyi A standard for the President of the Ukrainian People s Republic in exile appeared around 1930 The current design the flag of the president of Ukraine was adopted in 1999 In 2022 the president of Ukraine used a variant where the left side of the blue upper half contains the yellow Tryzub 41 nbsp nbsp Personal standard of the Hetman of Ukraine 1918 nbsp nbsp Standard of the President of the Ukrainian People s Republic in exile nbsp Presidential standardMilitary flags edit nbsp Navy and National Guard flags being flown during a military parade nbsp Armed Forces nbsp Ground Forces nbsp Air Force nbsp National Guard nbsp Navy nbsp Sea Guard nbsp State Border Guard nbsp Special Operations Forces nbsp Marine Corps Historical edit Naval Ensign nbsp nbsp 1787 nbsp nbsp 1917 nbsp nbsp 1918 1921 nbsp nbsp 1918 nbsp nbsp 1992 nbsp nbsp 1993 nbsp nbsp 1994 1997 nbsp nbsp 1997 2006 Naval Jack nbsp nbsp 1918 1921 nbsp nbsp 1992 Soviet Union nbsp nbsp Flag of the Soviet Union used to represent the Soviet Army 1955 1991 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Soviet Air Force 1924 1991 nbsp nbsp Flag of the Soviet Airborne Troops nbsp nbsp Flag of the Soviet Navy 1953 1991 nbsp nbsp From 1 October 1992 to 1995 this flag was used as the naval ensign of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation and Ukraine See also edit nbsp Ukraine portal nbsp Heraldry portal List of Ukrainian flags Flags of the regions of Ukraine Coat of arms of Ukraine National colours of UkraineReferences edit a b Signing the Agreement to eliminate the USSR and establish the Commonwealth of Independent States a b Figure Skating Drama Part 2 The Lillehammer 1994 Olympic Film youtube com a b Ceremoniya pidnyattya Prapora Ukrayini u misti Lvovi youtube com in Ukrainian 23 August 2016 a b Urochista ceremoniya pidnyattya Derzhavnogo Prapora Ukrayini 23 08 17 youtube com in Ukrainian 23 August 2017 a b DERZhAVNIJ PRAPOR UKRAYiNI PIDNYaTO U LVOVI youtube com in Ukrainian 23 August 2019 a b U Vinnici pidnyali najbilshij v oblasti Derzhavnij prapor Ukrayini youtube com in Ukrainian 23 August 2021 a b c Kuzemska N 2006 DSTU 4512 2006 Derzhavnij prapor Ukrayini Zagalni tehnichni umovi DSTU 4512 2006 National flag of Ukraine General technical conditions uk wikisource org in Ukrainian Research Institute of Design of NAU Ukrainian Research Institute of Textile Industry Retrieved 9 March 2022 Pro zatverdzhennya Poryadku vigotovlennya Derzhavnogo Prapora Ukrayini On the Approval of the Rules for the Production of the State Flag of Ukraine in Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine 20 October 2021 Retrieved 3 March 2024 a b PANTONE 2935 C Find a Pantone Color Quick Online Color Tool Pantone www pantone com Archived from the original on 15 July 2021 Retrieved 4 June 2020 a b PANTONE Yellow 012 C Find a Pantone Color Quick Online Color Tool Pantone www pantone com Archived from the original on 26 May 2019 Retrieved 4 June 2020 Martynnyk Bohdanna 23 August 2020 Yak komunisti led ne zipsuvali nash sino zhovtij styag Spectema in Ukrainian Ekspres Retrieved 3 March 2024 Constitution of Ukraine Konstituciya Ukrayini Verhovna Rada Ukrayini in Ukrainian Ukraine celebrates National Flag Day Archived October 7 2013 at the Wayback Machine Xinhua News Agency August 23 2012 Ceremony of hoisting Ukraine s national flag held at presidential administration Kyiv Post August 23 2011 Ukrayina vidznachaye Den Derzhavnogo prapora On Tuesday August 23 all of Ukraine celebrates National Flag Day Measures to raise the national flag are planned throughout the country Archived 1 August 2013 at the Wayback Machine 1 1 August 23 2011 Saprykov V 30 May 2003 Flag Ukrainy Flag of Ukraine geraldika ru in Russian Retrieved 2 October 2017 a b c d e f g Sino zhovtij chi zhovto blakitnij Mifi pro perevernutij prapor Blue yellow or yellow blue Myths about the flipped flag Ukrayinska Pravda Istorichna pravda 14 January 2014 Retrieved 4 March 2022 Rozovyk D F 1999 Dokumenti ta materyali Pro stvorennya ukrayinskoyi nacionalno derzhavnoyi simvoliki u roki vizvolnoyi borotbi 1917 1920 rr Documents and materials On the creation of Ukrainian national state symbols during the battle for liberation 1917 1920 PDF Ukrainian Historical Journal in Ukrainian 4 Kyiv history org ua 115 121 ISSN 0130 5247 Archived from the original PDF on 5 July 2007 Chmyr Mykola 2006 Ukrayinske vijsko u HH HHI storichchi Komandni horugvi Galickoyi Armiyi serpen 1919 r Ukrainian Army in the 20th 21st Century Command banners of the Galician Army August 1919 vijsko milua org in Ukrainian Archived from the original on 4 July 2007 Retrieved 2 October 2017 Grechylo A Ukrayinska Terytorialna Heraldyka Lviv 2010 pp 98 118 ISBN 978 966 02 5259 2 Darch Colin 2020 Nestor Makhno and Rural Anarchism in Ukraine 1917 1921 London Pluto Press p 102 ISBN 9781786805263 OCLC 1225942343 Smith Ned 24 February 2001 Green Ukraine Ukrainian Far East 1921 Russian Far East FOTW Flags Of The World CRW Flags Retrieved 24 October 2018 In Flags of Non Russian Peoples Under Soviet Rule by Prof Walter Trembicky tbc69 pages 134 and 135 it mentions two proposed flags for Green Ukraine or the Ukrainian Far East neither of which was officially adopted since the movement quickly proved abortive There are simple black amp white line drawings illustrating the two proposed flags on p 133 of tbc69 The green in the two flags was described as dark or deep green One of the two proposed flags was the Ukrainian blue over gold bicolor with a green triangle at the hoist Trembicky Walter 1969 Flags of Non Russian Peoples Under Soviet Rule Flag Research Center pp 134 135 The Revolution On Granite Ukraine s First Maidan Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty Retrieved 4 March 2022 a b c d e f g h i j k l Gazeta ua 23 August 2013 Hrushov i Kaganovich boyalisya slova zhovto blakitnij Khrushchev and Kaganovich were afraid of the word zhovto blakytnyi Gazeta ua in Ukrainian Retrieved 4 March 2022 Nevidomi praporonosci Zhovto blakitnij proti chervonogo Unknown flag bearers Yellow blue against Red Ukrayinska Pravda Istorichna pravda 29 July 2011 Retrieved 4 March 2022 History of evolution of the State Flag of Ukraine Ukrinform in Ukrainian 23 August 2015 Retrieved 4 March 2022 Ukrinform aktualni novini Ukrayini ta svitu Archived from the original on 17 August 2015 Retrieved 23 August 2015 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link 22 roki tomu v Kiyevi oficijno pidnyali sino zhovtij prapor Twenty two years ago in Kyiv officially was raised the blue yellow flag BBC News Ukrayina in Ukrainian 24 July 2012 Retrieved 4 March 2022 Ukraine s national flag celebrating 25th anniversary today UNIAN Retrieved 4 March 2022 Trach Nataliya 26 August 2016 The story behind 2 top Ukrainian symbols National flag and trident Kyiv Post Retrieved 27 August 2016 Town of Blue Mountains Info Town Raises Ukrainian Flag in Support and Solidarity for the People of Ukraine Archived from the original on 11 April 2022 Retrieved 18 March 2022 VIDEO Ukraine invasion Europe s landmarks turned blue and yellow in solidarity with Kyiv 25 February 2022 Vannier Alexis 24 August 2021 CHTCHE NE VMERLA UKRAINY HISTOIRE DU DRAPEAU DE L UKRAINE taurillon org in French Retrieved 16 March 2022 A little less often they use also yellow and blue blue and yellow and yellow and azure RADA ZOBOV YaZALA VIVIShUVATI ChERVONI PRAPORI NA 9 TRAVNYa Rada enforced raising red flags on the May 9 Ukrayinska Pravda Istorichna pravda in Ukrainian 21 April 2011 Retrieved 4 March 2022 YaNUKOVICh PIDPISAV ZAKON PRO ChERVONIJ PRAPOR Yanukovych signed the law about the Red Banner Ukrayinska Pravda Istorichna pravda in Ukrainian 21 May 2011 Retrieved 4 March 2022 KS Ukrainy priznal nekonstitucionnym ispolzovanie krasnogo znameni Pobedy CC of Ukraine recognised the use of Red Victory Banner as non constitutional Russian Gazette Rossijskaya gazeta in Russian 17 June 2011 Retrieved 4 March 2022 Peterson Nolan 10 April 2015 Ukraine Purges Symbols of Its Communist Past Newsweek Retrieved 17 May 2015 Rada bans Communist Nazi propaganda in Ukraine Interfax Ukraine 9 April 2015 Retrieved 17 May 2015 Hyde Lily 20 April 2015 Ukraine to rewrite Soviet history with controversial decommunisation laws The Guardian Archived from the original on 16 May 2015 Retrieved 17 May 2015 Shevchenko Vitaly 14 April 2015 Goodbye Lenin Ukraine moves to ban communist symbols BBC News Retrieved 17 May 2015 Ukraine lawmakers ban Communist and Nazi propaganda Deutsche Welle 9 April 2015 Archived from the original on 1 October 2015 Retrieved 11 February 2023 Young Pareisa 11 March 2022 Ukraine Russian troops flying Soviet flag symbol of re establishing Russian domination The Observers France 24 Archived from the original on 27 April 2022 Retrieved 4 May 2022 Basu Zachary 1 March 2022 Zelensky tells European Parliament nobody is going to break us in emotional appeal Axios Retrieved 4 March 2022 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to National flag of Ukraine nbsp Wikiquote has quotations related to Flag of Ukraine Ukraine at Flags of the World DSTU 4512 2006 Technical specifications from DSTU Ukrainian national standards body regarding flag of Ukraine in Ukrainian 1 September 2006 Ukraine Vexillographia Armed Forces Flag in Ukraine Departmantal Flag and Emblem in Ukraine Brief history of the flag Archived 18 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine at the Science Library of Franko National University Lviv About Ukrainian flag Statement of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Ukraine 18 September 1991 About the State Flag of Ukraine State of the Supreme Council of Ukraine 28 January 1992 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Flag of Ukraine amp oldid 1225061333, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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