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2015 Formula One World Championship

March 05, 2023

"F1 2015" redirects here. For the video game based on the 2015 Formula One season, see F1 2015 (video game).

2015 FIA Formula One
World Championship
Drivers' Champion: Lewis Hamilton
Constructors' Champion: Mercedes
Previous
2014
Next
2016
Support series:
GP2 Series · GP3 Series · Porsche Supercup

The 2015 FIA Formula One World Championship was a motor racing championship for Formula One cars. It was the 66th Formula One World Championship recognised by the sport's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), as the highest class of competition for open-wheel racing cars. Twenty-two drivers representing 10 teams contested 19 Grands Prix, starting in Australia on 15 March and ending in Abu Dhabi on 29 November as they competed for the World Drivers' and World Constructors' championships.

Lewis Hamilton successfully defended his title after winning the United States Grand Prix[1]
Hamilton's teammate Nico Rosberg finished runner up for Mercedes, 59 points behind Hamilton.
Sebastian Vettel (pictured celebrating his victory in Malaysia) finished 3rd in his first year with Ferrari.
Mercedes won their second consecutive World Constructors' Championship at the Russian Grand Prix with the F1 W06 Hybrid

Lewis Hamilton was the defending Drivers' Champion after securing his second title at the 2014 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix. His team, Mercedes, began the season as the defending Constructors' Champion, having clinched its first championship title at the 2014 Russian Grand Prix.

The calendar featured two significant changes from the 2014 season. The first was the return of the Mexican Grand Prix, held for the first time since 1992. The other change was the cancellation of the German Grand Prix after a venue could not be agreed upon, leaving the nation without a World Championship event for the first time in fifty-five years.

Hamilton secured his third Drivers' Championship with three races left in the season. The runner-up was his teammate Nico Rosberg, 59 points behind, with Ferrari's Sebastian Vettel third, another 44 points adrift. Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team clinched the 2015 Constructors' Championship[2] at the Russian Grand Prix, ahead of Ferrari and Williams, and ended the season with a record 703 points. Hamilton also won the FIA Pole Trophy with a total of 11 pole positions in the season and the DHL Fastest Lap Award. Ferrari won the inaugural DHL Fastest Pit Stop Award.

Teams and drivers

The following teams and drivers took part in the 2015 Formula One World Championship.[3] All teams competed with tyres supplied by Pirelli.[4]

Entrant Constructor Chassis Power unit No. Race drivers Rounds
  Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari SF15-T Ferrari 060[5] 5
7 		  Sebastian Vettel
  Kimi Räikkönen 		All
All
  Sahara Force India F1 Team Force India-Mercedes VJM08
VJM08B[6]		 Mercedes PU106B Hybrid 11
27 		  Sergio Pérez
  Nico Hülkenberg 		All
All
  Lotus F1 Team Lotus-Mercedes E23 Hybrid Mercedes PU106B Hybrid 8
13 		  Romain Grosjean
  Pastor Maldonado 		All
All
  Manor Marussia F1 Team Marussia-Ferrari MR03B[7][8] Ferrari 059/3[9][10] 28
98
53 		  Will Stevens
  Roberto Merhi
  Alexander Rossi 		All[a]
1[a]–12, 15, 19
13–14, 16–18
  McLaren Honda McLaren-Honda MP4-30 Honda RA615H 20
14
22 		  Kevin Magnussen
  Fernando Alonso
  Jenson Button 		1
2–19
All
  Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team Mercedes F1 W06 Hybrid Mercedes PU106B Hybrid 6
44 		  Nico Rosberg
  Lewis Hamilton 		All
All
  Infiniti Red Bull Racing Red Bull-Renault RB11 Renault Energy F1-2015 3
26 		  Daniel Ricciardo
  Daniil Kvyat 		All
All
  Sauber F1 Team Sauber-Ferrari C34 Ferrari 060[5] 9
12 		  Marcus Ericsson
  Felipe Nasr 		All
All
  Scuderia Toro Rosso Toro Rosso-Renault STR10 Renault Energy F1-2015 33
55 		  Max Verstappen
  Carlos Sainz Jr. 		All
All
  Williams Martini Racing Williams-Mercedes FW37 Mercedes PU106B Hybrid 19
77 		  Felipe Massa
  Valtteri Bottas 		All
All
Sources:[3][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]

Free practice drivers

Four drivers drove as third or test drivers throughout the season.

Drivers that took part in free practice sessions during the 2015 FIA Formula One World Championship
Constructor Practice drivers
Driver name Rounds
Lotus-Mercedes   Jolyon Palmer 3–5, 8–12, 14–16
Manor Marussia-Ferrari   Fabio Leimer 10
Sauber-Ferrari   Raffaele Marciello 2, 5, 9, 16
Williams-Mercedes   Susie Wolff 5, 9

Team changes

 
McLaren renewed their co-operation with Japanese manufacturer Honda, twenty-three years since they last competed together. Pictured is the McLaren MP4/6, one of the last cars built by McLaren to use a Honda engine, racing at the 1991 United States Grand Prix.

Several team changes took place before the season began. Both McLaren and Lotus changed engine suppliers for the 2015 season. McLaren ended their 20-year partnership with Mercedes-Benz, in favour of a return to Honda, who had previously supplied them from 1988 until 1992.[25] Honda had been absent for seven years: they had provided British American Racing and Jordan Grand Prix with engines until they purchased the former in 2006 and then had competed as a constructor until 2008.[25]

Lotus ended its association with Renault in favour of a deal with Mercedes.[26] This ended a 20-year involvement of Renault with the Enstone-based team, (which operated as Benetton from 1992 until 2001, as Renault from 2002 until 2011 and as Lotus from 2012 until 2015) after being an engine supplier to Benetton since 1995, and being the owner of the team from 2002 to 2010.[27]

Both Caterham F1 and Marussia went into administration towards the end of the 2014 season. The latter was saved narrowly from liquidation in February 2015, re-entering as Manor Marussia, when new investment was secured and the team left administration after an agreement with creditors was reached.[28] Caterham ultimately folded and its assets were auctioned off by company administrators after the start of the season.[29][30][31]

Driver changes

 
Sebastian Vettel (pictured in 2012) left Red Bull Racing – the team with which he won four World Drivers' Championships – at the end of the 2014 season to join Ferrari.

The driver line-ups saw a couple of changes prior to the 2015 season and one more prior to the Singapore Grand Prix. Fernando Alonso replaced Kevin Magnussen at McLaren, returning to the team after he last raced for them in 2007.[32][33] Following an accident during pre-season testing, Alonso withdrew from the season-opening Australian Grand Prix, and Magnussen returned as his temporary replacement.[34] Sebastian Vettel left Red Bull Racing at the end of the 2014 season after six years with the team and nine years with its wider junior development programme to join Ferrari in place of Alonso.[35] Daniil Kvyat was promoted to Red Bull from Toro Rosso to fill the vacated seat.[36]

Toro Rosso changed their entire line-up: along with Kvyat joining Red Bull, the team chose not to renew Jean-Éric Vergne's contract. Vergne went on to compete in the Formula E Championship while also becoming a Ferrari development driver.[37] They were replaced by the 2014 Formula Renault 3.5 Series champion Carlos Sainz Jr.[38] and the 2014 FIA Formula 3 European Championship third-place finisher Max Verstappen. The latter became the youngest driver to make a Formula One début, at the age of 17 years, 164 days when he started the season.[39]

Esteban Gutiérrez and Adrian Sutil were released from Sauber, where they were replaced by the former Caterham driver Marcus Ericsson and the GP2 driver Felipe Nasr.[40][41] Gutiérrez and Sutil went on to join Ferrari and Williams respectively as reserve drivers.[42][43]

Manor Marussia also had two new drivers: They employed the former Caterham driver Will Stevens to drive for his first full season in the sport,[44] while another former Caterham test driver, Roberto Merhi, was signed to a short-term deal while he also drove in the Formula Renault 3.5 Series.[45] Max Chilton relinquished his seat, joining the Indy Lights championship,[46] while Jules Bianchi was in a coma at the start of the season and ultimately died from injuries sustained at the 2014 Japanese Grand Prix.[47][48][49] Alexander Rossi was later drafted in by Manor Marussia to make his Formula One début at the Singapore Grand Prix, replacing Merhi. The Spaniard returned to the team for the Russian and Abu Dhabi Grands Prix, sharing the car with Rossi for the remainder of the season.[50]

Kamui Kobayashi went on to race in the Super Formula series in Japan after the folding of Caterham left him without a drive in Formula One.[51]

Season calendar

 
Nations that hosted a Grand Prix in 2015 are highlighted in green, with circuit locations marked with black dots. Former host nations are shown in dark grey, and former host circuits are marked with white dots.

The following nineteen Grands Prix took place in 2015:[52]

Round Grand Prix Circuit Date
1 Australian Grand Prix   Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit, Melbourne 15 March
2 Malaysian Grand Prix   Sepang International Circuit, Kuala Lumpur 29 March
3 Chinese Grand Prix   Shanghai International Circuit, Shanghai 12 April
4 Bahrain Grand Prix   Bahrain International Circuit, Sakhir 19 April
5 Spanish Grand Prix   Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya, Montmeló 10 May
6 Monaco Grand Prix   Circuit de Monaco, Monte Carlo 24 May
7 Canadian Grand Prix   Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, Montreal 7 June
8 Austrian Grand Prix   Red Bull Ring, Spielberg 21 June
9 British Grand Prix   Silverstone Circuit, Silverstone 5 July
10 Hungarian Grand Prix   Hungaroring, Mogyoród 26 July
11 Belgian Grand Prix   Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Stavelot 23 August
12 Italian Grand Prix   Autodromo Nazionale di Monza, Monza 6 September
13 Singapore Grand Prix   Marina Bay Street Circuit, Singapore 20 September
14 Japanese Grand Prix   Suzuka Circuit, Suzuka 27 September
15 Russian Grand Prix   Sochi Autodrom, Sochi 11 October
16 United States Grand Prix   Circuit of the Americas, Austin, Texas 25 October
17 Mexican Grand Prix   Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez, Mexico City 1 November
18 Brazilian Grand Prix   Autódromo José Carlos Pace, São Paulo 15 November
19 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix   Yas Marina Circuit, Abu Dhabi 29 November
Sources:[52][53]

Calendar changes

 
 
Comparison between the configuration of the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez last used by Formula One in 1992 (top), and the redeveloped layout used from 2015 (bottom).

There were a few revisions to the calendar from the previous season. The Mexican Grand Prix returned to the Formula One calendar for the first time since 1992. The race was held at the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez circuit located in the centre of Mexico City, which was the location of all Mexican Grands Prix in previous decades.[54] The circuit was substantially reconfigured to accommodate the sport's return.[55]

The Grand Prix of America and the Indian Grand Prix were both contracted but did not feature on the calendar.[52] The former originally aimed for a debut in 2013 at the Port Imperial Street Circuit in New Jersey after a 15-year contract was signed, but was delayed for a third straight year,[56][57] while the latter was cancelled for the second consecutive year due to an unresolved tax case in the Bombay High Court.[58]

The German and Korean Grands Prix were both included on the provisional calendar.[52] The former was set to return to the Nürburgring, in accordance with the event-sharing agreement established between the Nürburgring and the Hockenheimring in 2008.[59] The Nürburgring had previously hosted the race in 2013 and so was scheduled to host it again in 2015, but the venue was left off the provisional calendar,[60] leaving the event-sharing agreement at a stalemate.[61][62] With both venues unwilling to host the event,[63][64] the race was ultimately cancelled, leaving the country off the Grand Prix calendar for the first time since 1960.[53] The Korean Grand Prix was scheduled to return to the Formula One calendar after being removed in 2014,[52] but the plan was ultimately abandoned.[65]

Regulation changes

Technical

Power units

 
Sparks returned in 2015 due to titanium skid blocks attached to the underside of the cars.

The number of power units a driver could use in a season was reduced from five in 2014 to four in 2015.[66] This was tweaked after the 2015 British Grand Prix, with new power unit manufacturers being allowed one other power unit in their first season of competition; the only manufacturer affected in the 2015 season was Honda, who were allowed to take advantage of the rule even though it had been introduced after the season had begun.[67] The rules regarding engine development that were introduced for the previous season were changed as well, with the manufacturers allowed to perform half the development permitted in 2014.[68]

Noses

Following the backlash over "ugly" nose designs in 2014, the FIA moved to amend the rules surrounding nose designs for the 2015 season. Noses were lower than in 2014, retaining a minimum cross section, but they had to taper to a point at a fixed linear rate, effectively outlawing the dramatic finger shapes seen in 2014 in favour of a more gradual shape. Furthermore, the design of the nose had to be symmetrical and consistent with the centreline of the car, thereby banning the more exotic designs, such as the "twin-tusk" approach used by Lotus on the E22 chassis.[69]

Weight and bodywork

The minimum weight of the cars at all times during an event was increased to 702 kilograms (1,548 lb), a difference of 10 kilograms (22 lb) from 2014,[52] addressing concerns raised the year before that the lighter weight limit forced taller drivers to become unhealthily slim.[70] The ban on front-and-rear interconnected suspension systems (FRIC) that had been implemented in the middle of the 2014 season was formalised, with the regulations stating that the front and rear suspension had to be designed in such a way that any change in performance had to be a direct result of a change in load applied solely to them.[52] The anti-intrusion panels on both sides of the survival cell were extended upwards to the rim of the cockpit and alongside the driver's head[52] in order to improve the drivers' safety in event of a side impact.[70] Titanium skid blocks on the underside of the car were made mandatory for the 2015 season, which led to a return of sparks being created by the cars as the underbody touched the track.[71]

Sporting regulations

Penalties

Several rules regarding penalties were changed for the 2015 season. The replacement of a complete power unit, exceeding the maximum number allowed per season, no longer resulted in a penalty in itself. Penalties continued to be applied cumulatively for the replacement of individual components of the power unit, and if such a grid place penalty was imposed and the driver's starting position was such that it could not be applied in full, the remainder of the penalty was no longer carried over to the next race, but was instead applied in the form of a time penalty during the race corresponding to the number of grid spaces remaining in the penalty.[52] This was tweaked after the 2015 British Grand Prix with immediate effect, to make demotion to the back of the grid the maximum penalty for engine changes. Additional time penalties to be served during the race were abandoned.[67]

As well as the existing five-second penalty that could be served during a driver's scheduled pit stop, a new ten-second penalty was introduced, to be served in the same manner.[52] If a car was deemed to have been released from a pit stop in an unsafe manner, the driver would receive a ten-second stop-and-go penalty. Further penalties could be applied if the stewards believed the driver was aware of this and attempted to drive the car regardless.[52] If any team personnel or team equipment remained on the grid after the fifteen-second signal had been shown before the start of the formation lap, the driver of the car concerned would have had to start the race from the pit lane. If the driver concerned failed to obey this, they would have received a ten-second stop-and-go penalty.[52]

Schedule and points

The rules regarding qualifying and the start times of some races were tweaked. The qualifying procedure was further clarified to cater to different sizes of starting grids: if twenty-four cars were entered for the race, seven would have been eliminated after each of the first two qualifying segments; if twenty-two were entered, six would have been eliminated after each qualifying segment and so on if fewer cars were eligible.[52] In light of a regulation introduced in 2014 dictating that a race could not run for more than four hours and following recommendations from the report into Jules Bianchi's accident the previous season, the start times of five Grands Prix were moved forward by an hour so races did not start with less than four hours until dusk. Thus, the Australian, Malaysia, Chinese, Japanese and Russian Grands Prix started an hour earlier than in 2014.[72]

Safety innovations

There were other changes introduced in a bid to further increase the safety of the sport. In the aftermath of Bianchi's accident, a new procedure called the Virtual Safety Car (VSC) was introduced following trials during the last three Grands Prix of 2014. The procedure could be initiated when double waved yellow flags were needed on any section of a circuit where competitors and officials were in danger, but the circumstances did not warrant deployment of the actual safety car. It obliged drivers to reduce their speed to match one indicated on the displays on their steering wheels.[52] The safety car procedure was amended as well: once the last lapped car had passed the leader, the safety car returned to the pit lane at the end of the following lap. This was a change of the previous practice which required the unlapped cars to have caught up with the back of the pack before the safety car could return to the pit lane.[52]

If a race were suspended (red-flagged), the cars would no longer have lined up on the grid but instead would have slowly proceeded to the pit lane. The pit exit would have been closed and the first car to arrive in the pit lane would have proceeded to the exit with the others lining up behind in the order in which they arrived, regardless of race standing or garage location. Severe circumstances could still have required cars to stop immediately on track.[52]

Other

Beginning with the Belgian Grand Prix, radio communication from engineers to drivers pertaining to race starts, such as recommended torque map settings for optimal acceleration, was no longer allowed. This restriction added to the partial radio ban implemented at the end of the previous season.[73] Drivers were also no longer permitted to change the design of their helmet in-season.[74] The time limit rule was also adjusted, so that after races reached two hours and the leader completed a lap, an additional full lap would be run before the race ended.[75]

Season report

 
Max Verstappen (pictured at the Malaysian Grand Prix) set two records in his first two races: youngest driver to start a race, and youngest driver to score points.

Pre-season

Lewis Hamilton was the defending Drivers' Champion after securing his second title at the 2014 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix.[76] His team, Mercedes, began the season as the defending Constructors' Champion, having clinched its first championship title at the 2014 Russian Grand Prix.[77]

Before the start of the season, Hamilton announced he would not be exercising his option of switching his car number to 1 for 2015, as was his prerogative as reigning World Champion, and would instead race with his career number 44. It was the first season since 1994, when Alain Prost retired from the sport following his fourth and final World Drivers' Championship title in 1993, that the field did not contain a number one car.[78]

Following the financial struggles faced by Marussia and Caterham in 2014, the FIA approved the use of 2014-specification chassis in 2015 provided that teams showed cause and received an individual dispensation to compete with their old chassis.[79] A request by Manor Marussia to use their 2014 car was rejected by the other teams.[80][81] Subsequent regulation changes allowed the team to use a modified 2014 chassis which met updated safety and dimensional limits. The car was powered by a 2014 specification Ferrari power unit, with a new chassis to be introduced later in the season.[10] However, following the twelfth round, Manor Marussia elected to abandon those plans in favour of developing the car for the following season.[82]

McLaren's Fernando Alonso was involved in a pre-season testing accident that saw the two-time World Drivers' Champion hospitalised. McLaren claimed the crash was caused by a sudden gust of wind disrupting the car's downforce, while Alonso insisted the crash was caused by his steering wheel locking up.[83] On physicians' advice, Alonso elected to sit out the opening round in Australia, prompting the team to replace him with Kevin Magnussen for the race.[34][84] Alonso was cleared to race by the second round in Malaysia.[85]

Championship

 
In Malaysia, Sebastian Vettel secured Ferrari's first victory since the 2013 Spanish Grand Prix and his first victory since the 2013 Brazilian Grand Prix.

Opening rounds

Mercedes began the season with a one–two finish in Australia, resulting in a twenty-eight-point lead after just one round.[86] They finished over thirty seconds clear of Sebastian Vettel, who finished third and secured a podium finish in his first race with Ferrari.[86] Red Bull's Daniel Ricciardo finished a lap down in sixth,[87] prompting the team to continue to voice their frustrations with Renault, as they were forced to use its second of four allotted power units for Ricciardo on the very first day of the season.[88] The team also voiced its displeasure over the progress Renault had made in terms of power, with the team principal, Christian Horner, saying the Renault Energy F1-2015 was still 100 horsepower (75 kW) down on Mercedes's PU106B Hybrid.[89] After the race, the Red Bull team advisor Helmut Marko suggested that Red Bull might exit Formula One entirely if changes to the regulations were not made to level the field or cut development costs.[90] Renault countered with their own threat to pull out of Formula One as an engine supplier if its reputation continued to be damaged or if its participation was otherwise not profitable to the company.[91] Mercedes followed up by finishing second and third in Malaysia, while Red Bull continued to struggle, rounding out the top ten a lap down.[92] After four rounds, Mercedes led the field, having earned 159 points (with Lewis Hamilton acquiring 93 out of 100 possible points),[93] while Red Bull's struggles continued.[94] The team acquired twenty-six points, enough for a distant fourth,[95] and Ricciardo entered the European stages of the season on his fourth and final permissible power unit with fifteen events remaining on the calendar.[96]

With McLaren's longest continuous testing session lasting twelve laps in Montmeló – a total of 56 kilometres (35 mi), a sixth of a total Grand Prix distance – before running into engine trouble, Honda elected to detune the power units for the opening Grands Prix in an effort to improve reliability and longevity while the manufacturer worked to improve these areas before homologation.[97] After both cars qualified on the back row, Kevin Magnussen failed to reach the grid after suffering an abrupt engine failure while on his way from the pit lane to the grid.[98] Jenson Button managed to finish the race, albeit in the last classified position, two laps behind the leaders.[87] Magnussen relinquished his seat back to Alonso in Malaysia;[99] both cars qualified ahead of only the Manor Marussia cars and eventually retired.[100][101] The team showed signs of improvement in terms of performance and was able to compete with the midfield cars in China and Bahrain, although reliability continued to prove troublesome as Button's car was unable to compete in the latter Grand Prix.[102]

Following a tumultuous pre-season in which they went through a period of administration and were saved by late investment, Manor Marussia arrived in Melbourne with a car that had passed its mandatory crash tests but had completed no testing.[103] After the team's arrival in Australia, while assembling the cars, it was discovered that their computers had been wiped completely clean of all data in preparation for auction,[104] and they ultimately could not compete in the Grand Prix.[105] The team managed to get their cars running and on the racetrack by the second round in Malaysia, and were able to set times within 107% of the leading times in practice, giving stewards reasonable grounds to allow the team to race when they failed to do so in qualifying.[106] Merhi was able to finish the race three laps down in fifteenth, while Stevens did not start.[92] Manor Marussia continued to show signs of consistency, with both cars qualifying within 107%, starting, and finishing both Grands Prix in China and Bahrain.[107] They were one of two teams, the other being McLaren, to return to Europe without a championship point.[108]

Ferrari came into the season seemingly much more competitive than the previous season, finishing on the podium in the opening race.[86] Kimi Räikkönen said the SF15-T was "much better" to drive than 2014's F14 T.[109] In Malaysia, Vettel won comfortably and Räikkönen finished in fourth, despite suffering a tyre failure.[92] The team then finished third and fourth in China and Räikkönen secured his first podium appearance since rejoining Ferrari the previous season with a second-place finish in Bahrain.[108][110] With 107 points, the team returned to Europe 52 points behind Mercedes, and 46 points ahead of Williams, who were third.[108] Sauber left the opening rounds with their first points since 2013.[111]

European and Canadian rounds

 
Nico Rosberg leads the field on the opening lap of the Spanish Grand Prix. He would go on to win the race.

Mercedes arrived at Spain already with a comfortable lead. Lewis Hamilton had scored ninety-three points out of a possible one hundred, giving him a twenty-seven-point lead over his teammate Nico Rosberg entering the eight-race European portion of the season.[112]

Rosberg quickly cut into Hamilton's championship lead by securing victories in Spain (reducing his deficit to twenty points) and Monaco. The latter win was aided by the result of a costly miscalculation by the Mercedes team to pit Hamilton with a 19-second lead during a safety car period (that briefly saw the use of the "Virtual Safety Car" for the first time in F1's history) with 14 laps remaining. Rosberg and Sebastian Vettel did not make pit stops, allowing both to narrowly pass Hamilton by the pit lane exit. Racing resumed on lap seventy-one and Rosberg quickly pulled away, remaining in the lead until the chequered flag. Vettel held off Hamilton for second and third, respectively.[113] As a result, Hamilton's lead over Rosberg in the Drivers' Championship was cut in half, to just ten points.[114] Meanwhile, Button secured McLaren's first points of the season by finishing eighth.[115] This left the Marussia drivers of Stevens and Merhi, along with the other McLaren driver, Fernando Alonso, as the only full-time drivers not to score a point after seven rounds.[116]

 
 
Lewis Hamilton (top) gestures to his home crowd following his fifth win of the season at Silverstone, while Fernando Alonso (bottom) picked up his first point of the season.

At the following Grands Prix in Canada,[117] Austria,[118] and Britain,[119] Mercedes put to rest the criticism following the result in Monaco[120] through finishing first and second in the next three races, extending their championship lead to 160 points over Ferrari. Williams collected their first two podiums of the season in the form of third-place results by Valtteri Bottas in Canada and Felipe Massa in Austria, while Ferrari lost ground to Mercedes following a retirement in Austria and an eighth-place finish in Britain by Räikkönen.[117][118][119] Other power unit manufacturers continued to struggle, with a Renault-powered car finishing in the top five only once, in Monaco,[113] indicating their continued lack of power.[121] Honda continued to have reliability issues and, up to the British Grand Prix, suffered nine retirements and two failures to start due to power unit problems, translating to only seven overall finishes out of 18 possible results.[122][123]

The Drivers' Championship remained closely contested between leader Lewis Hamilton and Nico Rosberg, with the gap between them never larger than twenty-eight points after Hamilton's victory in round eleven in Belgium.[124] The two would trade victories between rounds six and nine, closing the gap to as little as ten points. Sebastian Vettel, who at one time was within three points of the lead, after his victory in Malaysia, and who was the only non-Mercedes winner after eleven rounds, could not overcome team errors in Canada and Austria, and fell fifty-nine points off the pace of Hamilton after round nine.[125] He rebounded in Hungary by winning his second race of the season,[126] reducing the gap to Hamilton to forty-two points in the process, but fell out of a point-scoring position in Belgium after a tyre failure on the penultimate lap, dropping him to sixty-seven points behind the leader.[127][128]

Hamilton closed out the European portion of the season with his seventh victory of the season in Italy. With Rosberg's retirement at the event, Hamilton entered the closing rounds of the season with a lead of fifty-three points over his teammate in the Drivers' Championship standings, the largest gap of the season at that point,[129] while Vettel sat a further twenty-one points behind.[130] Hamilton's tenth pole position in Belgium assured him of victory in the FIA Pole Trophy, the award for the driver who achieves the most pole positions during the season.[131] Mercedes had built up a 181-point lead over Ferrari in the Constructors' Championship, with Williams in third, 263 points behind the leaders.[132] After twelve rounds, half of the teams had been represented on the podium,[133] while nine out of ten had scored points.[132]

Asian, Russian, and American rounds

 
American Alexander Rossi, seen here driving at his home race, made his Formula One race debut at the Singapore Grand Prix.

Shortly before the thirteenth round in Singapore, Manor Marussia announced that the American GP2 driver Alexander Rossi would race for the team, replacing Merhi in five of the final seven rounds, while Merhi was retained for the remaining two.[134] Vettel won his third victory of the season in Singapore, closing his gap to Nico Rosberg in second place to just eight points.[135]

Rosberg could not close the gap to Hamilton in Japan or Russia; despite winning pole position in both races, his leads were short-lived.[136][137] He was passed by Hamilton on the opening corner in Japan[136] and retired on lap seven in Russia.[137] Vettel capitalised on the results with third and second-place finishes respectively, to take second place in the Drivers' Championship from Rosberg with four rounds remaining, while Hamilton extended his lead to sixty-six points, the highest lead he had held in the season.[138] A victory in the United States, with Rosberg and Vettel finishing second and third respectively, secured the third Drivers' Championship for Hamilton with three races left to run.[139] Rosberg won the final three races in Mexico,[140] Brazil,[141] and Abu Dhabi to reclaim second in the Drivers' Championship from Vettel,[142] while Hamilton secured the Fastest Lap Award in Brazil.[143]

Awards

 
Nico Rosberg finished the season ranked second for Mercedes, 59 points behind Hamilton.

Lewis Hamilton ended the season winning not only the championship, but also the FIA Pole Trophy for most pole positions of the season[144] and the DHL Fastest Lap Award. Ferrari won the inaugural DHL Pit Stop Award, posting the fastest pit stop time at seven of the first eighteen races of the season.[145] Both Hamilton and Mercedes collected their championship trophies at a gala held in Paris on 4 December 2015. Toro Rosso's Max Verstappen collected three post-season awards for Rookie of the Year, Personality of the Year and Action of the Year (for his overtake on Felipe Nasr through Blanchimont corner at the Belgian Grand Prix).[146]

Legal disputes

Sauber

Sauber's early season preparations were disrupted by a series of legal challenges from the former Caterham driver Giedo van der Garde, who claimed the team had reneged on a contract that was signed in June 2014.[147] Van der Garde filed a motion with the Supreme Court of Victoria in Australia in an effort to force the team to replace one of their drivers with him at the opening round in Melbourne,[148] with the court finding in his favour.[149] Van der Garde later agreed not to participate in the event, with the driver and team settling the dispute for an undisclosed sum and terminating the contract following the first round.[150]

Lotus

Lotus suffered financially throughout the season, culminating in Pirelli withholding their tyres for the Friday practice sessions in Hungary. Before the Belgian Grand Prix, amid negotiations with Renault for a potential takeover, the former Lotus reserve driver Charles Pic initiated legal action against Lotus alleging lack of seat time in 2014, resulting in breach of contract. Belgian authorities later moved to impound the assets of Lotus for four days following Grosjean's podium finish.[151] After talks between the FIA and Lotus,[152] the team was allowed to leave Spa with their equipment and cars, and was able to start the following race in Italy.[153]

Results and standings

Grands Prix

Round Grand Prix Pole position Fastest lap Winning driver Winning constructor Report
1   Australian Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
2   Malaysian Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Nico Rosberg   Sebastian Vettel   Ferrari Report
3   Chinese Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
4   Bahrain Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Kimi Räikkönen   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
5   Spanish Grand Prix   Nico Rosberg   Lewis Hamilton   Nico Rosberg   Mercedes Report
6    Monaco Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Daniel Ricciardo   Nico Rosberg   Mercedes Report
7   Canadian Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Kimi Räikkönen   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
8   Austrian Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Nico Rosberg   Nico Rosberg   Mercedes Report
9   British Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
10   Hungarian Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Daniel Ricciardo   Sebastian Vettel   Ferrari Report
11   Belgian Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Nico Rosberg   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
12   Italian Grand Prix   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
13   Singapore Grand Prix   Sebastian Vettel   Daniel Ricciardo   Sebastian Vettel   Ferrari Report
14   Japanese Grand Prix   Nico Rosberg   Lewis Hamilton   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
15   Russian Grand Prix   Nico Rosberg   Sebastian Vettel   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
16   United States Grand Prix   Nico Rosberg   Nico Rosberg   Lewis Hamilton   Mercedes Report
17   Mexican Grand Prix   Nico Rosberg   Nico Rosberg   Nico Rosberg   Mercedes Report
18   Brazilian Grand Prix   Nico Rosberg   Lewis Hamilton   Nico Rosberg   Mercedes Report
19   Abu Dhabi Grand Prix   Nico Rosberg   Lewis Hamilton   Nico Rosberg   Mercedes Report
Sources:[154][155][156]

Scoring system

Further information: List of Formula One World Championship points scoring systems

Points were awarded to the top ten classified finishers in every race, using the following structure:[157]

Position 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
Points 25 18 15 12 10 8 6 4 2 1

In the event of a tie, a count-back system was used as a tie-breaker, with a driver's best result used to decide the standings.[b]

World Drivers' Championship standings

Pos. Driver AUS
  		MAL
  		CHN
  		BHR
  		ESP
  		MON
  		CAN
  		AUT
  		GBR
  		HUN
  		BEL
  		ITA
  		SIN
  		JPN
  		RUS
  		USA
  		MEX
  		BRA
  		ABU
  		Points
1   Lewis Hamilton 1PF 2P 1PF 1P 2F 3P 1P 2P 1PF 6P 1P 1PF Ret 1F 1 1 2 2F 2F 381
2   Nico Rosberg 2 3F 2 3 1P 1 2 1F 2 8 2F 17† 4 2P RetP 2PF 1PF 1P 1P 322
3   Sebastian Vettel 3 1 3 5 3 2 5 4 3 1 12† 2 1P 3 2F 3 Ret 3 4 278
4   Kimi Räikkönen Ret 4 4 2F 5 6 4F Ret 8 Ret 7 5 3 4 8 Ret Ret 4 3 150
5   Valtteri Bottas DNS 5 6 4 4 14 3 5 5 13 9 4 5 5 12† Ret 3 5 13 136
6   Felipe Massa 4 6 5 10 6 15 6 3 4 12 6 3 Ret 17 4 Ret 6 DSQ 8 121
7   Daniil Kvyat DNS 9 Ret 9 10 4 9 12 6 2 4 10 6 13 5 Ret 4 7 10 95
8   Daniel Ricciardo 6 10 9 6 7 5F 13 10 Ret 3F Ret 8 2F 15 15† 10 5 11 6 92
9   Sergio Pérez 10 13 11 8 13 7 11 9 9 Ret 5 6 7 12 3 5 8 12 5 78
10   Nico Hülkenberg 7 14 Ret 13 15 11 8 6 7 Ret DNS 7 Ret 6 Ret Ret 7 6 7 58
11   Romain Grosjean Ret 11 7 7 8 12 10 Ret Ret 7 3 Ret 13† 7 Ret Ret 10 8 9 51
12   Max Verstappen Ret 7 17† Ret 11 Ret 15 8 Ret 4 8 12 8 9 10 4 9 9 16 49
13   Felipe Nasr 5 12 8 12 12 9 16 11 DNS 11 11 13 10 20† 6 9 Ret 13 15 27
14   Pastor Maldonado Ret Ret Ret 15 Ret Ret 7 7 Ret 14 Ret Ret 12 8 7 8 11 10 Ret 27
15   Carlos Sainz Jr. 9 8 13 Ret 9 10 12 Ret Ret Ret Ret 11 9 10 Ret 7 13 Ret 11 18
16   Jenson Button 11 Ret 14 DNS 16 8 Ret Ret Ret 9 14 14 Ret 16 9 6 14 14 12 16
17   Fernando Alonso Ret 12 11 Ret Ret Ret Ret 10 5 13 18† Ret 11 11 11 Ret 15 17 11
18   Marcus Ericsson 8 Ret 10 14 14 13 14 13 11 10 10 9 11 14 Ret Ret 12 16 14 9
19   Roberto Merhi DNP 15 16 17 18 16 Ret 14 12 15 15 16 13 19 0
20   Alexander Rossi 14 18 12 15 18 0
21   Will Stevens DNP DNS 15 16 17 17 17 Ret 13 16† 16 15 15 19 14 Ret 16 17 18 0
—   Kevin Magnussen DNS 0
Pos. Driver AUS
  		MAL
  		CHN
  		BHR
  		ESP
  		MON
  		CAN
  		AUT
  		GBR
  		HUN
  		BEL
  		ITA
  		SIN
  		JPN
  		RUS
  		USA
  		MEX
  		BRA
  		ABU
  		Points
Source:[158]
Key
Colour Result
Gold Winner
Silver Second place
Bronze Third place
Green Other points position
Blue Other classified position
Not classified, finished (NC)
Purple Not classified, retired (Ret)
Red Did not qualify (DNQ)
Black Disqualified (DSQ)
White Did not start (DNS)
Race cancelled (C)
Blank Did not practice (DNP)
Excluded (EX)
Did not arrive (DNA)
Withdrawn (WD)
Did not enter (empty cell)
Annotation Meaning
P Pole position
F Fastest lap


Notes:

  • † – Driver did not finish the Grand Prix, but was classified as they completed more than 90% of the race distance.

World Constructors' Championship standings

Constructors' Championship points were awarded as per the Drivers' Championship with the results of both cars taken into account.[157] In the event of a tie, a count-back system was used as a tie-breaker, with a constructor's best result used to decide the standings.[b]

Pos. Constructor AUS
  		MAL
  		CHN
  		BHR
  		ESP
  		MON
  		CAN
  		AUT
  		GBR
  		HUN
  		BEL
  		ITA
  		SIN
  		JPN
  		RUS
  		USA
  		MEX
  		BRA
  		ABU
  		Points
1   Mercedes 1PF 2P 1PF 1P 1P 1 1P 1F 1PF 6P 1P 1PF 4 1F 1 1 1PF 1P 1P 703
2 3F 2 3 2F 3P 2 2P 2 8 2F 17† Ret 2P RetP 2PF 2 2F 2F
2   Ferrari 3 1 3 2F 3 2 4F 4 3 1 7 2 1P 3 2F 3 Ret 3 3 428
Ret 4 4 5 5 6 5 Ret 8 Ret 12† 5 3 4 8 Ret Ret 4 4
3   Williams-Mercedes 4 5 5 4 4 14 3 3 4 12 6 3 5 5 4 Ret 3 5 8 257
DNS 6 6 10 6 15 6 5 5 13 9 4 Ret 17 12† Ret 6 DSQ 13
4   Red Bull-Renault 6 9 9 6 7 4 9 10 6 2 4 8 2F 13 5 10 4 7 6 187
DNS 10 Ret 9 10 5F 13 12 Ret 3F Ret 10 6 15 15† Ret 5 11 10
5   Force India-Mercedes 7 13 11 8 13 7 8 6 7 Ret 5 6 7 6 3 5 7 6 5 136
10 14 Ret 13 15 11 11 9 9 Ret DNS 7 Ret 12 Ret Ret 8 12 7
6   Lotus-Mercedes Ret 11 7 7 8 12 7 7 Ret 7 3 Ret 12 7 7 8 10 8 9 78
Ret Ret Ret 15 Ret Ret 10 Ret Ret 14 Ret Ret 13† 8 Ret Ret 11 10 Ret
7   Toro Rosso-Renault 9 7 13 Ret 9 10 12 8 Ret 4 8 11 8 9 10 4 9 9 11 67
Ret 8 17† Ret 11 Ret 15 Ret Ret Ret Ret 12 9 10 Ret 7 13 Ret 16
8   Sauber-Ferrari 5 12 8 12 12 9 14 11 11 10 10 9 10 14 6 9 12 13 14 36
8 Ret 10 14 14 13 16 13 DNS 11 11 13 11 20† Ret Ret Ret 16 15
9   McLaren-Honda 11 Ret 12 11 16 8 Ret Ret 10 5 13 14 Ret 11 9 6 14 14 12 27
DNS Ret 14 DNS Ret Ret Ret Ret Ret 9 14 18† Ret 16 11 11 Ret 15 17
10   Marussia-Ferrari DNP 15 15 16 17 16 17 14 12 15 15 15 14 18 13 12 15 17 18 0
DNP DNS 16 17 18 17 Ret Ret 13 16† 16 16 15 19 14 Ret 16 18 19
Pos. Constructor AUS
  		MAL
  		CHN
  		BHR
  		ESP
  		MON
  		CAN
  		AUT
  		GBR
  		HUN
  		BEL
  		ITA
  		SIN
  		JPN
  		RUS
  		USA
  		MEX
  		BRA
  		ABU
  		Points
Source:[159]
Key
Colour Result
Gold Winner
Silver Second place
Bronze Third place
Green Other points position
Blue Other classified position
Not classified, finished (NC)
Purple Not classified, retired (Ret)
Red Did not qualify (DNQ)
Black Disqualified (DSQ)
White Did not start (DNS)
Race cancelled (C)
Blank Did not practice (DNP)
Excluded (EX)
Did not arrive (DNA)
Withdrawn (WD)
Did not enter (empty cell)
Annotation Meaning
P Pole position
F Fastest lap


Notes:

  • † – Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix, but were classified as they completed more than 90% of the race distance.
  • The standings are sorted by best result, rows are not related to the drivers.

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Will Stevens and Roberto Merhi were entered for the first round in Australia, but although both they and Marussia were present, they did not compete as the team was unable to complete their cars in time for the event.
  2. ^ a b In the event that two or more drivers or constructors achieved the same best result an equal number of times, their next-best result was used, and so on. If two or more drivers or constructors achieved equal results an equal number of times, the FIA would have nominated the winner according to such criteria as it thought fit.[157]

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March 05, 2023
2015, formula, world, championship, 2015, redirects, here, video, game, based, 2015, formula, season, 2015, video, game, 2015, formula, oneworld, championship, drivers, champion, lewis, hamiltonconstructors, champion, mercedes, previous, 2014, next, 2016races,. F1 2015 redirects here For the video game based on the 2015 Formula One season see F1 2015 video game 2015 FIA Formula OneWorld Championship Drivers Champion Lewis HamiltonConstructors Champion Mercedes Previous 2014 Next 2016Races by countryRaces by venueSupport series GP2 Series GP3 Series Porsche Supercup The 2015 FIA Formula One World Championship was a motor racing championship for Formula One cars It was the 66th Formula One World Championship recognised by the sport s governing body the Federation Internationale de l Automobile FIA as the highest class of competition for open wheel racing cars Twenty two drivers representing 10 teams contested 19 Grands Prix starting in Australia on 15 March and ending in Abu Dhabi on 29 November as they competed for the World Drivers and World Constructors championships Lewis Hamilton successfully defended his title after winning the United States Grand Prix 1 Hamilton s teammate Nico Rosberg finished runner up for Mercedes 59 points behind Hamilton Sebastian Vettel pictured celebrating his victory in Malaysia finished 3rd in his first year with Ferrari Mercedes won their second consecutive World Constructors Championship at the Russian Grand Prix with the F1 W06 Hybrid Lewis Hamilton was the defending Drivers Champion after securing his second title at the 2014 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix His team Mercedes began the season as the defending Constructors Champion having clinched its first championship title at the 2014 Russian Grand Prix The calendar featured two significant changes from the 2014 season The first was the return of the Mexican Grand Prix held for the first time since 1992 The other change was the cancellation of the German Grand Prix after a venue could not be agreed upon leaving the nation without a World Championship event for the first time in fifty five years Hamilton secured his third Drivers Championship with three races left in the season The runner up was his teammate Nico Rosberg 59 points behind with Ferrari s Sebastian Vettel third another 44 points adrift Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team clinched the 2015 Constructors Championship 2 at the Russian Grand Prix ahead of Ferrari and Williams and ended the season with a record 703 points Hamilton also won the FIA Pole Trophy with a total of 11 pole positions in the season and the DHL Fastest Lap Award Ferrari won the inaugural DHL Fastest Pit Stop Award Contents 1 Teams and drivers 1 1 Free practice drivers 1 2 Team changes 1 3 Driver changes 2 Season calendar 2 1 Calendar changes 3 Regulation changes 3 1 Technical 3 1 1 Power units 3 1 2 Noses 3 1 3 Weight and bodywork 3 2 Sporting regulations 3 2 1 Penalties 3 2 2 Schedule and points 3 2 2 1 Safety innovations 3 2 2 2 Other 4 Season report 4 1 Pre season 4 2 Championship 4 2 1 Opening rounds 4 2 2 European and Canadian rounds 4 2 3 Asian Russian and American rounds 4 3 Awards 4 4 Legal disputes 4 4 1 Sauber 4 4 2 Lotus 5 Results and standings 5 1 Grands Prix 5 2 Scoring system 5 3 World Drivers Championship standings 5 4 World Constructors Championship standings 6 Footnotes 7 References 8 External linksTeams and drivers EditThe following teams and drivers took part in the 2015 Formula One World Championship 3 All teams competed with tyres supplied by Pirelli 4 Entrant Constructor Chassis Power unit No Race drivers Rounds Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari SF15 T Ferrari 060 5 57 Sebastian Vettel Kimi Raikkonen AllAll Sahara Force India F1 Team Force India Mercedes VJM08VJM08B 6 Mercedes PU106B Hybrid 1127 Sergio Perez Nico Hulkenberg AllAll Lotus F1 Team Lotus Mercedes E23 Hybrid Mercedes PU106B Hybrid 813 Romain Grosjean Pastor Maldonado AllAll Manor Marussia F1 Team Marussia Ferrari MR03B 7 8 Ferrari 059 3 9 10 289853 Will Stevens Roberto Merhi Alexander Rossi All a 1 a 12 15 19 13 14 16 18 McLaren Honda McLaren Honda MP4 30 Honda RA615H 201422 Kevin Magnussen Fernando Alonso Jenson Button 12 19All Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team Mercedes F1 W06 Hybrid Mercedes PU106B Hybrid 644 Nico Rosberg Lewis Hamilton AllAll Infiniti Red Bull Racing Red Bull Renault RB11 Renault Energy F1 2015 326 Daniel Ricciardo Daniil Kvyat AllAll Sauber F1 Team Sauber Ferrari C34 Ferrari 060 5 912 Marcus Ericsson Felipe Nasr AllAll Scuderia Toro Rosso Toro Rosso Renault STR10 Renault Energy F1 2015 3355 Max Verstappen Carlos Sainz Jr AllAll Williams Martini Racing Williams Mercedes FW37 Mercedes PU106B Hybrid 1977 Felipe Massa Valtteri Bottas AllAllSources 3 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Free practice drivers Edit Four drivers drove as third or test drivers throughout the season Drivers that took part in free practice sessions during the 2015 FIA Formula One World Championship Constructor Practice driversDriver name RoundsLotus Mercedes Jolyon Palmer 3 5 8 12 14 16Manor Marussia Ferrari Fabio Leimer 10Sauber Ferrari Raffaele Marciello 2 5 9 16Williams Mercedes Susie Wolff 5 9Team changes Edit McLaren renewed their co operation with Japanese manufacturer Honda twenty three years since they last competed together Pictured is the McLaren MP4 6 one of the last cars built by McLaren to use a Honda engine racing at the 1991 United States Grand Prix Several team changes took place before the season began Both McLaren and Lotus changed engine suppliers for the 2015 season McLaren ended their 20 year partnership with Mercedes Benz in favour of a return to Honda who had previously supplied them from 1988 until 1992 25 Honda had been absent for seven years they had provided British American Racing and Jordan Grand Prix with engines until they purchased the former in 2006 and then had competed as a constructor until 2008 25 Lotus ended its association with Renault in favour of a deal with Mercedes 26 This ended a 20 year involvement of Renault with the Enstone based team which operated as Benetton from 1992 until 2001 as Renault from 2002 until 2011 and as Lotus from 2012 until 2015 after being an engine supplier to Benetton since 1995 and being the owner of the team from 2002 to 2010 27 Both Caterham F1 and Marussia went into administration towards the end of the 2014 season The latter was saved narrowly from liquidation in February 2015 re entering as Manor Marussia when new investment was secured and the team left administration after an agreement with creditors was reached 28 Caterham ultimately folded and its assets were auctioned off by company administrators after the start of the season 29 30 31 Driver changes Edit Sebastian Vettel pictured in 2012 left Red Bull Racing the team with which he won four World Drivers Championships at the end of the 2014 season to join Ferrari The driver line ups saw a couple of changes prior to the 2015 season and one more prior to the Singapore Grand Prix Fernando Alonso replaced Kevin Magnussen at McLaren returning to the team after he last raced for them in 2007 32 33 Following an accident during pre season testing Alonso withdrew from the season opening Australian Grand Prix and Magnussen returned as his temporary replacement 34 Sebastian Vettel left Red Bull Racing at the end of the 2014 season after six years with the team and nine years with its wider junior development programme to join Ferrari in place of Alonso 35 Daniil Kvyat was promoted to Red Bull from Toro Rosso to fill the vacated seat 36 Toro Rosso changed their entire line up along with Kvyat joining Red Bull the team chose not to renew Jean Eric Vergne s contract Vergne went on to compete in the Formula E Championship while also becoming a Ferrari development driver 37 They were replaced by the 2014 Formula Renault 3 5 Series champion Carlos Sainz Jr 38 and the 2014 FIA Formula 3 European Championship third place finisher Max Verstappen The latter became the youngest driver to make a Formula One debut at the age of 17 years 164 days when he started the season 39 Esteban Gutierrez and Adrian Sutil were released from Sauber where they were replaced by the former Caterham driver Marcus Ericsson and the GP2 driver Felipe Nasr 40 41 Gutierrez and Sutil went on to join Ferrari and Williams respectively as reserve drivers 42 43 Manor Marussia also had two new drivers They employed the former Caterham driver Will Stevens to drive for his first full season in the sport 44 while another former Caterham test driver Roberto Merhi was signed to a short term deal while he also drove in the Formula Renault 3 5 Series 45 Max Chilton relinquished his seat joining the Indy Lights championship 46 while Jules Bianchi was in a coma at the start of the season and ultimately died from injuries sustained at the 2014 Japanese Grand Prix 47 48 49 Alexander Rossi was later drafted in by Manor Marussia to make his Formula One debut at the Singapore Grand Prix replacing Merhi The Spaniard returned to the team for the Russian and Abu Dhabi Grands Prix sharing the car with Rossi for the remainder of the season 50 Kamui Kobayashi went on to race in the Super Formula series in Japan after the folding of Caterham left him without a drive in Formula One 51 Season calendar Edit Nations that hosted a Grand Prix in 2015 are highlighted in green with circuit locations marked with black dots Former host nations are shown in dark grey and former host circuits are marked with white dots The following nineteen Grands Prix took place in 2015 52 Round Grand Prix Circuit Date1 Australian Grand Prix Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit Melbourne 15 March2 Malaysian Grand Prix Sepang International Circuit Kuala Lumpur 29 March3 Chinese Grand Prix Shanghai International Circuit Shanghai 12 April4 Bahrain Grand Prix Bahrain International Circuit Sakhir 19 April5 Spanish Grand Prix Circuit de Barcelona Catalunya Montmelo 10 May6 Monaco Grand Prix Circuit de Monaco Monte Carlo 24 May7 Canadian Grand Prix Circuit Gilles Villeneuve Montreal 7 June8 Austrian Grand Prix Red Bull Ring Spielberg 21 June9 British Grand Prix Silverstone Circuit Silverstone 5 July10 Hungarian Grand Prix Hungaroring Mogyorod 26 July11 Belgian Grand Prix Circuit de Spa Francorchamps Stavelot 23 August12 Italian Grand Prix Autodromo Nazionale di Monza Monza 6 September13 Singapore Grand Prix Marina Bay Street Circuit Singapore 20 September14 Japanese Grand Prix Suzuka Circuit Suzuka 27 September15 Russian Grand Prix Sochi Autodrom Sochi 11 October16 United States Grand Prix Circuit of the Americas Austin Texas 25 October17 Mexican Grand Prix Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez Mexico City 1 November18 Brazilian Grand Prix Autodromo Jose Carlos Pace Sao Paulo 15 November19 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix Yas Marina Circuit Abu Dhabi 29 NovemberSources 52 53 Calendar changes Edit Comparison between the configuration of the Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez last used by Formula One in 1992 top and the redeveloped layout used from 2015 bottom There were a few revisions to the calendar from the previous season The Mexican Grand Prix returned to the Formula One calendar for the first time since 1992 The race was held at the Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez circuit located in the centre of Mexico City which was the location of all Mexican Grands Prix in previous decades 54 The circuit was substantially reconfigured to accommodate the sport s return 55 The Grand Prix of America and the Indian Grand Prix were both contracted but did not feature on the calendar 52 The former originally aimed for a debut in 2013 at the Port Imperial Street Circuit in New Jersey after a 15 year contract was signed but was delayed for a third straight year 56 57 while the latter was cancelled for the second consecutive year due to an unresolved tax case in the Bombay High Court 58 The German and Korean Grands Prix were both included on the provisional calendar 52 The former was set to return to the Nurburgring in accordance with the event sharing agreement established between the Nurburgring and the Hockenheimring in 2008 59 The Nurburgring had previously hosted the race in 2013 and so was scheduled to host it again in 2015 but the venue was left off the provisional calendar 60 leaving the event sharing agreement at a stalemate 61 62 With both venues unwilling to host the event 63 64 the race was ultimately cancelled leaving the country off the Grand Prix calendar for the first time since 1960 53 The Korean Grand Prix was scheduled to return to the Formula One calendar after being removed in 2014 52 but the plan was ultimately abandoned 65 Regulation changes EditTechnical Edit Power units Edit Sparks returned in 2015 due to titanium skid blocks attached to the underside of the cars The number of power units a driver could use in a season was reduced from five in 2014 to four in 2015 66 This was tweaked after the 2015 British Grand Prix with new power unit manufacturers being allowed one other power unit in their first season of competition the only manufacturer affected in the 2015 season was Honda who were allowed to take advantage of the rule even though it had been introduced after the season had begun 67 The rules regarding engine development that were introduced for the previous season were changed as well with the manufacturers allowed to perform half the development permitted in 2014 68 Noses Edit Following the backlash over ugly nose designs in 2014 the FIA moved to amend the rules surrounding nose designs for the 2015 season Noses were lower than in 2014 retaining a minimum cross section but they had to taper to a point at a fixed linear rate effectively outlawing the dramatic finger shapes seen in 2014 in favour of a more gradual shape Furthermore the design of the nose had to be symmetrical and consistent with the centreline of the car thereby banning the more exotic designs such as the twin tusk approach used by Lotus on the E22 chassis 69 Weight and bodywork Edit The minimum weight of the cars at all times during an event was increased to 702 kilograms 1 548 lb a difference of 10 kilograms 22 lb from 2014 52 addressing concerns raised the year before that the lighter weight limit forced taller drivers to become unhealthily slim 70 The ban on front and rear interconnected suspension systems FRIC that had been implemented in the middle of the 2014 season was formalised with the regulations stating that the front and rear suspension had to be designed in such a way that any change in performance had to be a direct result of a change in load applied solely to them 52 The anti intrusion panels on both sides of the survival cell were extended upwards to the rim of the cockpit and alongside the driver s head 52 in order to improve the drivers safety in event of a side impact 70 Titanium skid blocks on the underside of the car were made mandatory for the 2015 season which led to a return of sparks being created by the cars as the underbody touched the track 71 Sporting regulations Edit Penalties Edit Several rules regarding penalties were changed for the 2015 season The replacement of a complete power unit exceeding the maximum number allowed per season no longer resulted in a penalty in itself Penalties continued to be applied cumulatively for the replacement of individual components of the power unit and if such a grid place penalty was imposed and the driver s starting position was such that it could not be applied in full the remainder of the penalty was no longer carried over to the next race but was instead applied in the form of a time penalty during the race corresponding to the number of grid spaces remaining in the penalty 52 This was tweaked after the 2015 British Grand Prix with immediate effect to make demotion to the back of the grid the maximum penalty for engine changes Additional time penalties to be served during the race were abandoned 67 As well as the existing five second penalty that could be served during a driver s scheduled pit stop a new ten second penalty was introduced to be served in the same manner 52 If a car was deemed to have been released from a pit stop in an unsafe manner the driver would receive a ten second stop and go penalty Further penalties could be applied if the stewards believed the driver was aware of this and attempted to drive the car regardless 52 If any team personnel or team equipment remained on the grid after the fifteen second signal had been shown before the start of the formation lap the driver of the car concerned would have had to start the race from the pit lane If the driver concerned failed to obey this they would have received a ten second stop and go penalty 52 Schedule and points Edit The rules regarding qualifying and the start times of some races were tweaked The qualifying procedure was further clarified to cater to different sizes of starting grids if twenty four cars were entered for the race seven would have been eliminated after each of the first two qualifying segments if twenty two were entered six would have been eliminated after each qualifying segment and so on if fewer cars were eligible 52 In light of a regulation introduced in 2014 dictating that a race could not run for more than four hours and following recommendations from the report into Jules Bianchi s accident the previous season the start times of five Grands Prix were moved forward by an hour so races did not start with less than four hours until dusk Thus the Australian Malaysia Chinese Japanese and Russian Grands Prix started an hour earlier than in 2014 72 Safety innovations Edit There were other changes introduced in a bid to further increase the safety of the sport In the aftermath of Bianchi s accident a new procedure called the Virtual Safety Car VSC was introduced following trials during the last three Grands Prix of 2014 The procedure could be initiated when double waved yellow flags were needed on any section of a circuit where competitors and officials were in danger but the circumstances did not warrant deployment of the actual safety car It obliged drivers to reduce their speed to match one indicated on the displays on their steering wheels 52 The safety car procedure was amended as well once the last lapped car had passed the leader the safety car returned to the pit lane at the end of the following lap This was a change of the previous practice which required the unlapped cars to have caught up with the back of the pack before the safety car could return to the pit lane 52 If a race were suspended red flagged the cars would no longer have lined up on the grid but instead would have slowly proceeded to the pit lane The pit exit would have been closed and the first car to arrive in the pit lane would have proceeded to the exit with the others lining up behind in the order in which they arrived regardless of race standing or garage location Severe circumstances could still have required cars to stop immediately on track 52 Other Edit Beginning with the Belgian Grand Prix radio communication from engineers to drivers pertaining to race starts such as recommended torque map settings for optimal acceleration was no longer allowed This restriction added to the partial radio ban implemented at the end of the previous season 73 Drivers were also no longer permitted to change the design of their helmet in season 74 The time limit rule was also adjusted so that after races reached two hours and the leader completed a lap an additional full lap would be run before the race ended 75 Season report Edit Max Verstappen pictured at the Malaysian Grand Prix set two records in his first two races youngest driver to start a race and youngest driver to score points Pre season Edit Lewis Hamilton was the defending Drivers Champion after securing his second title at the 2014 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix 76 His team Mercedes began the season as the defending Constructors Champion having clinched its first championship title at the 2014 Russian Grand Prix 77 Before the start of the season Hamilton announced he would not be exercising his option of switching his car number to 1 for 2015 as was his prerogative as reigning World Champion and would instead race with his career number 44 It was the first season since 1994 when Alain Prost retired from the sport following his fourth and final World Drivers Championship title in 1993 that the field did not contain a number one car 78 Following the financial struggles faced by Marussia and Caterham in 2014 the FIA approved the use of 2014 specification chassis in 2015 provided that teams showed cause and received an individual dispensation to compete with their old chassis 79 A request by Manor Marussia to use their 2014 car was rejected by the other teams 80 81 Subsequent regulation changes allowed the team to use a modified 2014 chassis which met updated safety and dimensional limits The car was powered by a 2014 specification Ferrari power unit with a new chassis to be introduced later in the season 10 However following the twelfth round Manor Marussia elected to abandon those plans in favour of developing the car for the following season 82 McLaren s Fernando Alonso was involved in a pre season testing accident that saw the two time World Drivers Champion hospitalised McLaren claimed the crash was caused by a sudden gust of wind disrupting the car s downforce while Alonso insisted the crash was caused by his steering wheel locking up 83 On physicians advice Alonso elected to sit out the opening round in Australia prompting the team to replace him with Kevin Magnussen for the race 34 84 Alonso was cleared to race by the second round in Malaysia 85 Championship Edit In Malaysia Sebastian Vettel secured Ferrari s first victory since the 2013 Spanish Grand Prix and his first victory since the 2013 Brazilian Grand Prix Opening rounds Edit Mercedes began the season with a one two finish in Australia resulting in a twenty eight point lead after just one round 86 They finished over thirty seconds clear of Sebastian Vettel who finished third and secured a podium finish in his first race with Ferrari 86 Red Bull s Daniel Ricciardo finished a lap down in sixth 87 prompting the team to continue to voice their frustrations with Renault as they were forced to use its second of four allotted power units for Ricciardo on the very first day of the season 88 The team also voiced its displeasure over the progress Renault had made in terms of power with the team principal Christian Horner saying the Renault Energy F1 2015 was still 100 horsepower 75 kW down on Mercedes s PU106B Hybrid 89 After the race the Red Bull team advisor Helmut Marko suggested that Red Bull might exit Formula One entirely if changes to the regulations were not made to level the field or cut development costs 90 Renault countered with their own threat to pull out of Formula One as an engine supplier if its reputation continued to be damaged or if its participation was otherwise not profitable to the company 91 Mercedes followed up by finishing second and third in Malaysia while Red Bull continued to struggle rounding out the top ten a lap down 92 After four rounds Mercedes led the field having earned 159 points with Lewis Hamilton acquiring 93 out of 100 possible points 93 while Red Bull s struggles continued 94 The team acquired twenty six points enough for a distant fourth 95 and Ricciardo entered the European stages of the season on his fourth and final permissible power unit with fifteen events remaining on the calendar 96 With McLaren s longest continuous testing session lasting twelve laps in Montmelo a total of 56 kilometres 35 mi a sixth of a total Grand Prix distance before running into engine trouble Honda elected to detune the power units for the opening Grands Prix in an effort to improve reliability and longevity while the manufacturer worked to improve these areas before homologation 97 After both cars qualified on the back row Kevin Magnussen failed to reach the grid after suffering an abrupt engine failure while on his way from the pit lane to the grid 98 Jenson Button managed to finish the race albeit in the last classified position two laps behind the leaders 87 Magnussen relinquished his seat back to Alonso in Malaysia 99 both cars qualified ahead of only the Manor Marussia cars and eventually retired 100 101 The team showed signs of improvement in terms of performance and was able to compete with the midfield cars in China and Bahrain although reliability continued to prove troublesome as Button s car was unable to compete in the latter Grand Prix 102 Following a tumultuous pre season in which they went through a period of administration and were saved by late investment Manor Marussia arrived in Melbourne with a car that had passed its mandatory crash tests but had completed no testing 103 After the team s arrival in Australia while assembling the cars it was discovered that their computers had been wiped completely clean of all data in preparation for auction 104 and they ultimately could not compete in the Grand Prix 105 The team managed to get their cars running and on the racetrack by the second round in Malaysia and were able to set times within 107 of the leading times in practice giving stewards reasonable grounds to allow the team to race when they failed to do so in qualifying 106 Merhi was able to finish the race three laps down in fifteenth while Stevens did not start 92 Manor Marussia continued to show signs of consistency with both cars qualifying within 107 starting and finishing both Grands Prix in China and Bahrain 107 They were one of two teams the other being McLaren to return to Europe without a championship point 108 Ferrari came into the season seemingly much more competitive than the previous season finishing on the podium in the opening race 86 Kimi Raikkonen said the SF15 T was much better to drive than 2014 s F14 T 109 In Malaysia Vettel won comfortably and Raikkonen finished in fourth despite suffering a tyre failure 92 The team then finished third and fourth in China and Raikkonen secured his first podium appearance since rejoining Ferrari the previous season with a second place finish in Bahrain 108 110 With 107 points the team returned to Europe 52 points behind Mercedes and 46 points ahead of Williams who were third 108 Sauber left the opening rounds with their first points since 2013 111 European and Canadian rounds Edit Nico Rosberg leads the field on the opening lap of the Spanish Grand Prix He would go on to win the race Mercedes arrived at Spain already with a comfortable lead Lewis Hamilton had scored ninety three points out of a possible one hundred giving him a twenty seven point lead over his teammate Nico Rosberg entering the eight race European portion of the season 112 Rosberg quickly cut into Hamilton s championship lead by securing victories in Spain reducing his deficit to twenty points and Monaco The latter win was aided by the result of a costly miscalculation by the Mercedes team to pit Hamilton with a 19 second lead during a safety car period that briefly saw the use of the Virtual Safety Car for the first time in F1 s history with 14 laps remaining Rosberg and Sebastian Vettel did not make pit stops allowing both to narrowly pass Hamilton by the pit lane exit Racing resumed on lap seventy one and Rosberg quickly pulled away remaining in the lead until the chequered flag Vettel held off Hamilton for second and third respectively 113 As a result Hamilton s lead over Rosberg in the Drivers Championship was cut in half to just ten points 114 Meanwhile Button secured McLaren s first points of the season by finishing eighth 115 This left the Marussia drivers of Stevens and Merhi along with the other McLaren driver Fernando Alonso as the only full time drivers not to score a point after seven rounds 116 Lewis Hamilton top gestures to his home crowd following his fifth win of the season at Silverstone while Fernando Alonso bottom picked up his first point of the season At the following Grands Prix in Canada 117 Austria 118 and Britain 119 Mercedes put to rest the criticism following the result in Monaco 120 through finishing first and second in the next three races extending their championship lead to 160 points over Ferrari Williams collected their first two podiums of the season in the form of third place results by Valtteri Bottas in Canada and Felipe Massa in Austria while Ferrari lost ground to Mercedes following a retirement in Austria and an eighth place finish in Britain by Raikkonen 117 118 119 Other power unit manufacturers continued to struggle with a Renault powered car finishing in the top five only once in Monaco 113 indicating their continued lack of power 121 Honda continued to have reliability issues and up to the British Grand Prix suffered nine retirements and two failures to start due to power unit problems translating to only seven overall finishes out of 18 possible results 122 123 The Drivers Championship remained closely contested between leader Lewis Hamilton and Nico Rosberg with the gap between them never larger than twenty eight points after Hamilton s victory in round eleven in Belgium 124 The two would trade victories between rounds six and nine closing the gap to as little as ten points Sebastian Vettel who at one time was within three points of the lead after his victory in Malaysia and who was the only non Mercedes winner after eleven rounds could not overcome team errors in Canada and Austria and fell fifty nine points off the pace of Hamilton after round nine 125 He rebounded in Hungary by winning his second race of the season 126 reducing the gap to Hamilton to forty two points in the process but fell out of a point scoring position in Belgium after a tyre failure on the penultimate lap dropping him to sixty seven points behind the leader 127 128 Hamilton closed out the European portion of the season with his seventh victory of the season in Italy With Rosberg s retirement at the event Hamilton entered the closing rounds of the season with a lead of fifty three points over his teammate in the Drivers Championship standings the largest gap of the season at that point 129 while Vettel sat a further twenty one points behind 130 Hamilton s tenth pole position in Belgium assured him of victory in the FIA Pole Trophy the award for the driver who achieves the most pole positions during the season 131 Mercedes had built up a 181 point lead over Ferrari in the Constructors Championship with Williams in third 263 points behind the leaders 132 After twelve rounds half of the teams had been represented on the podium 133 while nine out of ten had scored points 132 Asian Russian and American rounds Edit American Alexander Rossi seen here driving at his home race made his Formula One race debut at the Singapore Grand Prix Shortly before the thirteenth round in Singapore Manor Marussia announced that the American GP2 driver Alexander Rossi would race for the team replacing Merhi in five of the final seven rounds while Merhi was retained for the remaining two 134 Vettel won his third victory of the season in Singapore closing his gap to Nico Rosberg in second place to just eight points 135 Rosberg could not close the gap to Hamilton in Japan or Russia despite winning pole position in both races his leads were short lived 136 137 He was passed by Hamilton on the opening corner in Japan 136 and retired on lap seven in Russia 137 Vettel capitalised on the results with third and second place finishes respectively to take second place in the Drivers Championship from Rosberg with four rounds remaining while Hamilton extended his lead to sixty six points the highest lead he had held in the season 138 A victory in the United States with Rosberg and Vettel finishing second and third respectively secured the third Drivers Championship for Hamilton with three races left to run 139 Rosberg won the final three races in Mexico 140 Brazil 141 and Abu Dhabi to reclaim second in the Drivers Championship from Vettel 142 while Hamilton secured the Fastest Lap Award in Brazil 143 Awards Edit Nico Rosberg finished the season ranked second for Mercedes 59 points behind Hamilton Lewis Hamilton ended the season winning not only the championship but also the FIA Pole Trophy for most pole positions of the season 144 and the DHL Fastest Lap Award Ferrari won the inaugural DHL Pit Stop Award posting the fastest pit stop time at seven of the first eighteen races of the season 145 Both Hamilton and Mercedes collected their championship trophies at a gala held in Paris on 4 December 2015 Toro Rosso s Max Verstappen collected three post season awards for Rookie of the Year Personality of the Year and Action of the Year for his overtake on Felipe Nasr through Blanchimont corner at the Belgian Grand Prix 146 Legal disputes Edit Sauber Edit Sauber s early season preparations were disrupted by a series of legal challenges from the former Caterham driver Giedo van der Garde who claimed the team had reneged on a contract that was signed in June 2014 147 Van der Garde filed a motion with the Supreme Court of Victoria in Australia in an effort to force the team to replace one of their drivers with him at the opening round in Melbourne 148 with the court finding in his favour 149 Van der Garde later agreed not to participate in the event with the driver and team settling the dispute for an undisclosed sum and terminating the contract following the first round 150 Lotus Edit Lotus suffered financially throughout the season culminating in Pirelli withholding their tyres for the Friday practice sessions in Hungary Before the Belgian Grand Prix amid negotiations with Renault for a potential takeover the former Lotus reserve driver Charles Pic initiated legal action against Lotus alleging lack of seat time in 2014 resulting in breach of contract Belgian authorities later moved to impound the assets of Lotus for four days following Grosjean s podium finish 151 After talks between the FIA and Lotus 152 the team was allowed to leave Spa with their equipment and cars and was able to start the following race in Italy 153 Results and standings EditGrands Prix Edit Round Grand Prix Pole position Fastest lap Winning driver Winning constructor Report1 Australian Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report2 Malaysian Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Nico Rosberg Sebastian Vettel Ferrari Report3 Chinese Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report4 Bahrain Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Kimi Raikkonen Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report5 Spanish Grand Prix Nico Rosberg Lewis Hamilton Nico Rosberg Mercedes Report6 Monaco Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Daniel Ricciardo Nico Rosberg Mercedes Report7 Canadian Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Kimi Raikkonen Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report8 Austrian Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Nico Rosberg Nico Rosberg Mercedes Report9 British Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report10 Hungarian Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Daniel Ricciardo Sebastian Vettel Ferrari Report11 Belgian Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Nico Rosberg Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report12 Italian Grand Prix Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report13 Singapore Grand Prix Sebastian Vettel Daniel Ricciardo Sebastian Vettel Ferrari Report14 Japanese Grand Prix Nico Rosberg Lewis Hamilton Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report15 Russian Grand Prix Nico Rosberg Sebastian Vettel Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report16 United States Grand Prix Nico Rosberg Nico Rosberg Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report17 Mexican Grand Prix Nico Rosberg Nico Rosberg Nico Rosberg Mercedes Report18 Brazilian Grand Prix Nico Rosberg Lewis Hamilton Nico Rosberg Mercedes Report19 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix Nico Rosberg Lewis Hamilton Nico Rosberg Mercedes ReportSources 154 155 156 Scoring system Edit Further information List of Formula One World Championship points scoring systems Points were awarded to the top ten classified finishers in every race using the following structure 157 Position 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10thPoints 25 18 15 12 10 8 6 4 2 1In the event of a tie a count back system was used as a tie breaker with a driver s best result used to decide the standings b World Drivers Championship standings Edit Pos Driver AUS MAL CHN BHR ESP MON CAN AUT GBR HUN BEL ITA SIN JPN RUS USA MEX BRA ABU Points1 Lewis Hamilton 1P F 2P 1P F 1P 2F 3P 1P 2P 1P F 6P 1P 1P F Ret 1F 1 1 2 2F 2F 3812 Nico Rosberg 2 3F 2 3 1P 1 2 1F 2 8 2F 17 4 2P RetP 2P F 1P F 1P 1P 3223 Sebastian Vettel 3 1 3 5 3 2 5 4 3 1 12 2 1P 3 2F 3 Ret 3 4 2784 Kimi Raikkonen Ret 4 4 2F 5 6 4F Ret 8 Ret 7 5 3 4 8 Ret Ret 4 3 1505 Valtteri Bottas DNS 5 6 4 4 14 3 5 5 13 9 4 5 5 12 Ret 3 5 13 1366 Felipe Massa 4 6 5 10 6 15 6 3 4 12 6 3 Ret 17 4 Ret 6 DSQ 8 1217 Daniil Kvyat DNS 9 Ret 9 10 4 9 12 6 2 4 10 6 13 5 Ret 4 7 10 958 Daniel Ricciardo 6 10 9 6 7 5F 13 10 Ret 3F Ret 8 2F 15 15 10 5 11 6 929 Sergio Perez 10 13 11 8 13 7 11 9 9 Ret 5 6 7 12 3 5 8 12 5 7810 Nico Hulkenberg 7 14 Ret 13 15 11 8 6 7 Ret DNS 7 Ret 6 Ret Ret 7 6 7 5811 Romain Grosjean Ret 11 7 7 8 12 10 Ret Ret 7 3 Ret 13 7 Ret Ret 10 8 9 5112 Max Verstappen Ret 7 17 Ret 11 Ret 15 8 Ret 4 8 12 8 9 10 4 9 9 16 4913 Felipe Nasr 5 12 8 12 12 9 16 11 DNS 11 11 13 10 20 6 9 Ret 13 15 2714 Pastor Maldonado Ret Ret Ret 15 Ret Ret 7 7 Ret 14 Ret Ret 12 8 7 8 11 10 Ret 2715 Carlos Sainz Jr 9 8 13 Ret 9 10 12 Ret Ret Ret Ret 11 9 10 Ret 7 13 Ret 11 1816 Jenson Button 11 Ret 14 DNS 16 8 Ret Ret Ret 9 14 14 Ret 16 9 6 14 14 12 1617 Fernando Alonso Ret 12 11 Ret Ret Ret Ret 10 5 13 18 Ret 11 11 11 Ret 15 17 1118 Marcus Ericsson 8 Ret 10 14 14 13 14 13 11 10 10 9 11 14 Ret Ret 12 16 14 919 Roberto Merhi DNP 15 16 17 18 16 Ret 14 12 15 15 16 13 19 020 Alexander Rossi 14 18 12 15 18 021 Will Stevens DNP DNS 15 16 17 17 17 Ret 13 16 16 15 15 19 14 Ret 16 17 18 0 Kevin Magnussen DNS 0Pos Driver AUS MAL CHN BHR ESP MON CAN AUT GBR HUN BEL ITA SIN JPN RUS USA MEX BRA ABU PointsSource 158 KeyColour ResultGold WinnerSilver Second placeBronze Third placeGreen Other points positionBlue Other classified positionNot classified finished NC Purple Not classified retired Ret Red Did not qualify DNQ Black Disqualified DSQ White Did not start DNS Race cancelled C Blank Did not practice DNP Excluded EX Did not arrive DNA Withdrawn WD Did not enter empty cell Annotation MeaningP Pole positionF Fastest lapNotes Driver did not finish the Grand Prix but was classified as they completed more than 90 of the race distance World Constructors Championship standings Edit Constructors Championship points were awarded as per the Drivers Championship with the results of both cars taken into account 157 In the event of a tie a count back system was used as a tie breaker with a constructor s best result used to decide the standings b Pos Constructor AUS MAL CHN BHR ESP MON CAN AUT GBR HUN BEL ITA SIN JPN RUS USA MEX BRA ABU Points1 Mercedes 1P F 2P 1P F 1P 1P 1 1P 1F 1P F 6P 1P 1P F 4 1F 1 1 1P F 1P 1P 7032 3F 2 3 2F 3P 2 2P 2 8 2F 17 Ret 2P RetP 2P F 2 2F 2F2 Ferrari 3 1 3 2F 3 2 4F 4 3 1 7 2 1P 3 2F 3 Ret 3 3 428Ret 4 4 5 5 6 5 Ret 8 Ret 12 5 3 4 8 Ret Ret 4 43 Williams Mercedes 4 5 5 4 4 14 3 3 4 12 6 3 5 5 4 Ret 3 5 8 257DNS 6 6 10 6 15 6 5 5 13 9 4 Ret 17 12 Ret 6 DSQ 134 Red Bull Renault 6 9 9 6 7 4 9 10 6 2 4 8 2F 13 5 10 4 7 6 187DNS 10 Ret 9 10 5F 13 12 Ret 3F Ret 10 6 15 15 Ret 5 11 105 Force India Mercedes 7 13 11 8 13 7 8 6 7 Ret 5 6 7 6 3 5 7 6 5 13610 14 Ret 13 15 11 11 9 9 Ret DNS 7 Ret 12 Ret Ret 8 12 76 Lotus Mercedes Ret 11 7 7 8 12 7 7 Ret 7 3 Ret 12 7 7 8 10 8 9 78Ret Ret Ret 15 Ret Ret 10 Ret Ret 14 Ret Ret 13 8 Ret Ret 11 10 Ret7 Toro Rosso Renault 9 7 13 Ret 9 10 12 8 Ret 4 8 11 8 9 10 4 9 9 11 67Ret 8 17 Ret 11 Ret 15 Ret Ret Ret Ret 12 9 10 Ret 7 13 Ret 168 Sauber Ferrari 5 12 8 12 12 9 14 11 11 10 10 9 10 14 6 9 12 13 14 368 Ret 10 14 14 13 16 13 DNS 11 11 13 11 20 Ret Ret Ret 16 159 McLaren Honda 11 Ret 12 11 16 8 Ret Ret 10 5 13 14 Ret 11 9 6 14 14 12 27DNS Ret 14 DNS Ret Ret Ret Ret Ret 9 14 18 Ret 16 11 11 Ret 15 1710 Marussia Ferrari DNP 15 15 16 17 16 17 14 12 15 15 15 14 18 13 12 15 17 18 0DNP DNS 16 17 18 17 Ret Ret 13 16 16 16 15 19 14 Ret 16 18 19Pos Constructor AUS MAL CHN BHR ESP MON CAN AUT GBR HUN BEL ITA SIN JPN RUS USA MEX BRA ABU PointsSource 159 KeyColour ResultGold WinnerSilver Second placeBronze Third placeGreen Other points positionBlue Other classified positionNot classified finished NC Purple Not classified retired Ret Red Did not qualify DNQ Black Disqualified DSQ White Did not start DNS Race cancelled C Blank Did not practice DNP Excluded EX Did not arrive DNA Withdrawn WD Did not enter empty cell Annotation MeaningP Pole positionF Fastest lapNotes Drivers did not finish the Grand Prix but were classified as they completed more than 90 of the race distance The standings are sorted by best result rows are not related to the drivers Footnotes Edit Formula One portal a b Will Stevens and Roberto Merhi were entered for the first round in Australia but although both they and Marussia were present they did not compete as the team was unable to complete their cars in time for the event a b In the event that two or more drivers or constructors achieved the same best result an equal number of times their next best result was used and so on If two or more drivers or constructors achieved equal results an equal number of times the FIA would have nominated the winner according to such criteria as it thought fit 157 References Edit Rothwell James 26 October 2015 Lewis Hamilton wins US Grand Prix 2015 and clinches third world title The Telegraph Archived from the original on 15 December 2015 Retrieved 26 October 2015 2015 Classifications Federation Internationale de l Automobile 31 December 2015 Archived from the original on 31 December 2015 a b 2015 FIA F1 World Championship Updated Entry List Federation Internationale de l Automobile 10 March 2015 Archived from the original on 12 March 2015 Retrieved 10 August 2016 Benson Andrew 24 November 2015 Formula 1 Do Pirelli have the hardest job in the sport British Broadcasting Corporation Archived from the 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