Pana Sankranti, (Odia: ପଣା ସଙ୍କ୍ରାନ୍ତି) also known as Maha Bishuba Sankranti (Odia: ମହା ବିଷୁବ ସଙ୍କ୍ରାନ୍ତି),[1][2][3] is the traditional new year day festival of Odia people in Odisha, India.[4][5][6] The festival occurs in the solar Odia calendar (the lunisolarHindu calendar followed in Odisha) on the first day of the traditional solar month of Meṣa, hence equivalent lunar month Baisakha. This falls on the Purnimanta system of the Indian Hindu calendar.[3] It therefore falls on 13/14 April every year on the Gregorian calendar.[7]
Pana Sankranti Maha Bishuba Sankranti
Pana Sankranti (Maha Vishuba Sankranti) offerings with Bela Pana
Official name
Pana Sankranti, Maha Bishuba Sankranti, Odia Nua Barsa
The festival is celebrated with visits to Shiva, Shakti or Hanuman temples.[8] People take baths in rivers or major pilgrimage centers. Communities participate in mela (fairs), participate in traditional dance or acrobatic performances. Feasts and special drinks such as a chilled sweet mango-milk-yoghurt-coconut drink called pana is shared, a tradition that partly is the source of this festival's name.[8][3]
In the Odia Hindu tradition, the Pana Sankranti is believed to be the birthday of the Hindu deity Hanuman, whose loving devotion Rama (seventh incarnation of Vishnu) in Ramayana is legendary. His temples, along with those of Shiva and Surya (sun god) are revered on the new year.[8][10]
Hindus also visit Devi (goddess) temples on Pana Sankranti. The temples include Taratarini Temple near Brahmapur, Odisha in Ganjam, Cuttack Chandi, Biraja Temple, Samaleswari temple and Sarala Temple. At Sarala Temple the priests walk on hot coals in the fire-walking festival, Jhaamu Yatra. At the Maa Patana Mangala Temple in Chhatrapada, Bhadrak, the Patua Yatra festival is held from 14 April to 21 April.[11] In Northern Odisha, the festival is known as Chadak Parva. In Southern Odisha, the Meru Yatra festival is celebrated as the end of the month-long danda nata dance festival. Thousands of devotees gather at the Shakti Pitha shrine in the Taratarini Temple because it is one of the auspicious days during the Chaitra Yatra.
The significance of the day is that the new Odia calendar or Panjika is also introduced which is an almanac of Hindu festivals and contains the dates of festivals, auspicious days and timings, timings of sunrise and sunset along with horoscopes for the year.[12][10]
Bela Pana
Bela Pana is a special festive sweet drink made from milk, ripe fruit of bel and spices, shared on Odia new year.
People from all over the state eat festive Chhatua and drink Bela Pana to mark the occasion.[13][14] The Bela Pana is prepared with Bael, milk, chhena, fruits, yoghurt, cashews, spices and sugar or jaggery.[12][10]
Basundhara theki
Basundhara theki
An important ritual observed during Pana Sankranti is Basundhara theki. A water filled earthen pot with a small hole at the end is placed at the top of the holy basil plant, so that water keeps dripping on the plant.[12]
Ghantapatuas are traditional male folk artistes from the Odisha that perform the art form "Jhama nata" during Pana Sankranti. They generally perform in a group of two or four wearing dresses that resemble women's clothing.
A group street performance on Pana Sankranti near the Lankeswari Temple, Sonepur, Odisha.
Danda nata, dedicated to the mother goddess starts on Pana Sankranti
Danda nata that is performed during this festival celebration is one of the most ancient forms of performance art of the region. The opening ritual begins in the middle of Chaitra (March – April). The performers, also known as Dandua, take dip in a village pond and walk/run over hot charcoals while performing the art. After performing danda nata they also perform jala danda by dipping themselves in deep water for a short while. These performances symbolize the liberation from physical pain. A notable climax of the social celebrations is fire-walk, where volunteers sprint over a bed of burning coal while being cheered with music and songs.[3]
Related holidays
This new year day is celebrated elsewhere across South and Southeast Asia which follow the related Hindu-Buddhist solar calendar traditions of South and Southeast Asian solar New Year (Mesha Sankranti and Songkran). It is known Vaisakhi across North India and Nepal and marks the beginning of the Hindu Solar New Year.[15][16] The same day every year is also the new year for many Buddhist communities in parts of southeast Asia such as Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Cambodia, likely an influence of their shared culture in the 1st millennium CE.[16] Some examples include:
However, this is not the universal new year for all Hindus. For many others who follow the Lunar calendar, the new year falls on Chaitra Navaratri, Ugadi, Gudi Padwa etc, which falls a few weeks earlier.[16] For some, such as those in and near Gujarat, the new year festivities coincide during the five day Diwali festival.
^Bhatt, SC; Bhargava, Gopal K. (2006), Land and People of Indian States and Union Territories In 36 Volumes Orissa Volume 21, Kalpaz, p. 419, ISBN9788178353777
^Orissa (India) (1966). Orissa District Gazetteers: Ganjam. Superintendent, Orissa Government Press.
^ abcdLynn Foulston; Stuart Abbott (2009). Hindu Goddesses: Beliefs and Practices. Sussex Academic Press. pp. 178–181. ISBN978-1-902210-43-8.
^ Odisha celebrates Maha Vishuba Sankranti with Fervor
^Classic Cooking of Orissa. Danda Nata. Allied Publishers. 2010. pp. 26–. ISBN978-81-8424-584-4. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
^Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (1995). Prakr̥ti: Primal elements, the oral tradition. Meru Day, Meru Sankranti. Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts. p. 172. ISBN978-81-246-0037-5. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
^ abJ. Gordon Melton (2011). Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations. ABC-CLIO. p. 633. ISBN978-1-59884-206-7.
^ abcJyoshnarani Behera (1997). Political Socialization of Women: A Study of Teenager Girls. Atlantic Publishers. p. 79. ISBN978-81-85495-21-7.
^Kalyan Kumar Dasgupta; P. K. Mishra (1996). Aspects of Indian history and historiography: Professor Kalyan Kumar Dasgupta felicitation volume. World wise "vishuba sankranti". Kaveri Books. p. 111. ISBN978-81-7479-009-5. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
^ abc"Know The Significance Of Odia New Year". Sambad. April 14, 2021.
^"Patuas take the plunge for wish fulfilment". The New Indian Express. 15 April 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
^ abc"Maha Vishuba Sankranti along with Odia New Year celebrated with religious fervor". Orissa Post. April 14, 2019.
^"On Pana Sankranti, Know The Significance Of The Drink & Learn The Recipe To Make Best 'Bela Pana'". Ommcom News. 14 April 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
^"Harvesting grain, making memories". Livemint. 13 April 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
^Crump, William D. (2014), Encyclopedia of New Year's Holidays Worldwide, MacFarland, page 114
^ abcKaren Pechilis; Selva J. Raj (2013). South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today. Routledge. pp. 48–49. ISBN978-0-415-44851-2.
^Peter Reeves (2014). The Encyclopedia of the Sri Lankan Diaspora. Didier Millet. p. 174. ISBN978-981-4260-83-1.
Further reading
Robert Sewell (15 March 2010). The Indian Calendar – With Tables for the Conversion of Hindu and Muhammadan Into A. D. Dates, and Vice Versa. Read Books Design. pp. 149–. ISBN978-1-4455-3119-9. Retrieved 10 November 2011.
January 07, 2023
pana, sankranti, also, indian, year, days, odia, ପଣ, ସଙ, also, known, maha, bishuba, sankranti, odia, ମହ, ସଙ, traditional, year, festival, odia, people, odisha, india, festival, occurs, solar, odia, calendar, lunisolar, hindu, calendar, followed, odisha, first. See also Indian New Year s days Pana Sankranti Odia ପଣ ସଙ କ ର ନ ତ also known as Maha Bishuba Sankranti Odia ମହ ବ ଷ ବ ସଙ କ ର ନ ତ 1 2 3 is the traditional new year day festival of Odia people in Odisha India 4 5 6 The festival occurs in the solar Odia calendar the lunisolar Hindu calendar followed in Odisha on the first day of the traditional solar month of Meṣa hence equivalent lunar month Baisakha This falls on the Purnimanta system of the Indian Hindu calendar 3 It therefore falls on 13 14 April every year on the Gregorian calendar 7 Pana SankrantiMaha Bishuba SankrantiPana Sankranti Maha Vishuba Sankranti offerings with Bela PanaOfficial namePana Sankranti Maha Bishuba Sankranti Odia Nua BarsaAlso calledMaha Bisuba SankrantiObserved byOdiasTypeSocial Cultural ReligiousSignificanceOdia New YearCelebrationsMeru Jatra Jhaamu Jatra Chadak ParbaObservancesPujas processions Bela PanaDate1st Baisakha of Odia calendarRelated toSouth and Southeast Asian solar New YearThe festival is celebrated with visits to Shiva Shakti or Hanuman temples 8 People take baths in rivers or major pilgrimage centers Communities participate in mela fairs participate in traditional dance or acrobatic performances Feasts and special drinks such as a chilled sweet mango milk yoghurt coconut drink called pana is shared a tradition that partly is the source of this festival s name 8 3 Pana Sankranti is related to new year festivals in South and Southeast Asian solar New Year as observed by Hindus and Buddhists elsewhere such as Vaisakhi north and central India Nepal Bohag Bihu Assam Pohela Boishakh Bengal Puthandu Tamil Nadu etc 7 9 Contents 1 Practices 1 1 Bela Pana 1 2 Basundhara theki 2 Local celebrations 3 Related holidays 4 See also 5 References 6 Further readingPractices EditIn the Odia Hindu tradition the Pana Sankranti is believed to be the birthday of the Hindu deity Hanuman whose loving devotion Rama seventh incarnation of Vishnu in Ramayana is legendary His temples along with those of Shiva and Surya sun god are revered on the new year 8 10 Hindus also visit Devi goddess temples on Pana Sankranti The temples include Taratarini Temple near Brahmapur Odisha in Ganjam Cuttack Chandi Biraja Temple Samaleswari temple and Sarala Temple At Sarala Temple the priests walk on hot coals in the fire walking festival Jhaamu Yatra At the Maa Patana Mangala Temple in Chhatrapada Bhadrak the Patua Yatra festival is held from 14 April to 21 April 11 In Northern Odisha the festival is known as Chadak Parva In Southern Odisha the Meru Yatra festival is celebrated as the end of the month long danda nata dance festival Thousands of devotees gather at the Shakti Pitha shrine in the Taratarini Temple because it is one of the auspicious days during the Chaitra Yatra The significance of the day is that the new Odia calendar or Panjika is also introduced which is an almanac of Hindu festivals and contains the dates of festivals auspicious days and timings timings of sunrise and sunset along with horoscopes for the year 12 10 Bela Pana Edit Bela Pana is a special festive sweet drink made from milk ripe fruit of bel and spices shared on Odia new year People from all over the state eat festive Chhatua and drink Bela Pana to mark the occasion 13 14 The Bela Pana is prepared with Bael milk chhena fruits yoghurt cashews spices and sugar or jaggery 12 10 Basundhara theki Edit Basundhara theki An important ritual observed during Pana Sankranti is Basundhara theki A water filled earthen pot with a small hole at the end is placed at the top of the holy basil plant so that water keeps dripping on the plant 12 Local celebrations EditMain articles Ghantapatua and Danda nata Ghantapatuas are traditional male folk artistes from the Odisha that perform the art form Jhama nata during Pana Sankranti They generally perform in a group of two or four wearing dresses that resemble women s clothing A group street performance on Pana Sankranti near the Lankeswari Temple Sonepur Odisha Danda nata dedicated to the mother goddess starts on Pana Sankranti Danda nata that is performed during this festival celebration is one of the most ancient forms of performance art of the region The opening ritual begins in the middle of Chaitra March April The performers also known as Dandua take dip in a village pond and walk run over hot charcoals while performing the art After performing danda nata they also perform jala danda by dipping themselves in deep water for a short while These performances symbolize the liberation from physical pain A notable climax of the social celebrations is fire walk where volunteers sprint over a bed of burning coal while being cheered with music and songs 3 Related holidays EditThis new year day is celebrated elsewhere across South and Southeast Asia which follow the related Hindu Buddhist solar calendar traditions of South and Southeast Asian solar New Year Mesha Sankranti and Songkran It is known Vaisakhi across North India and Nepal and marks the beginning of the Hindu Solar New Year 15 16 The same day every year is also the new year for many Buddhist communities in parts of southeast Asia such as Myanmar Sri Lanka and Cambodia likely an influence of their shared culture in the 1st millennium CE 16 Some examples include Vaisakhi in North India and Nepal Pohela Boishakh in states of West Bengal and Bangladesh Bohag Bihu in Assam Jur Sital in Mithila Puthandu in Tamil Nadu Vishu in Kerala Aluth Avuruthu in Sri Lanka 17 Songkran in Thailand Chol Chnam Thmey in Cambodia Pi Mai Lao in Laos Thingyan in BurmaHowever this is not the universal new year for all Hindus For many others who follow the Lunar calendar the new year falls on Chaitra Navaratri Ugadi Gudi Padwa etc which falls a few weeks earlier 16 For some such as those in and near Gujarat the new year festivities coincide during the five day Diwali festival See also EditChandaneswar Shiva temple in Odisha IndiaReferences Edit Bhatt SC Bhargava Gopal K 2006 Land and People of Indian States and Union Territories In 36 Volumes Orissa Volume 21 Kalpaz p 419 ISBN 9788178353777 Orissa India 1966 Orissa District Gazetteers Ganjam Superintendent Orissa Government Press a b c d Lynn Foulston Stuart Abbott 2009 Hindu Goddesses Beliefs and Practices Sussex Academic Press pp 178 181 ISBN 978 1 902210 43 8 Maha Vishuba Sankranti Odisha celebrates Maha Vishuba Sankranti with Fervor Classic Cooking of Orissa Danda Nata Allied Publishers 2010 pp 26 ISBN 978 81 8424 584 4 Retrieved 13 April 2012 Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts 1995 Prakr ti Primal elements the oral tradition Meru Day Meru Sankranti Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts p 172 ISBN 978 81 246 0037 5 Retrieved 13 April 2012 a b J Gordon Melton 2011 Religious Celebrations An Encyclopedia of Holidays Festivals Solemn Observances and Spiritual Commemorations ABC CLIO p 633 ISBN 978 1 59884 206 7 a b c Jyoshnarani Behera 1997 Political Socialization of Women A Study of Teenager Girls Atlantic Publishers p 79 ISBN 978 81 85495 21 7 Kalyan Kumar Dasgupta P K Mishra 1996 Aspects of Indian history and historiography Professor Kalyan Kumar Dasgupta felicitation volume World wise vishuba sankranti Kaveri Books p 111 ISBN 978 81 7479 009 5 Retrieved 13 April 2012 a b c Know The Significance Of Odia New Year Sambad April 14 2021 Patuas take the plunge for wish fulfilment The New Indian Express 15 April 2011 Retrieved 8 March 2021 a b c Maha Vishuba Sankranti along with Odia New Year celebrated with religious fervor Orissa Post April 14 2019 On Pana Sankranti Know The Significance Of The Drink amp Learn The Recipe To Make Best Bela Pana Ommcom News 14 April 2019 Retrieved 8 March 2021 Harvesting grain making memories Livemint 13 April 2018 Retrieved 8 March 2021 Crump William D 2014 Encyclopedia of New Year s Holidays Worldwide MacFarland page 114 a b c Karen Pechilis Selva J Raj 2013 South Asian Religions Tradition and Today Routledge pp 48 49 ISBN 978 0 415 44851 2 Peter Reeves 2014 The Encyclopedia of the Sri Lankan Diaspora Didier Millet p 174 ISBN 978 981 4260 83 1 Further reading EditRobert Sewell 15 March 2010 The Indian Calendar With Tables for the Conversion of Hindu and Muhammadan Into A D Dates and Vice Versa Read Books Design pp 149 ISBN 978 1 4455 3119 9 Retrieved 10 November 2011 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pana Sankranti amp oldid 1082900190, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
