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Wikipedia

Upper Austria

May 10, 2023

Upper Austria (German: Oberösterreich [ˈoːbɐˌʔøːstɐʁaɪç] (listen); Bavarian: Obaöstareich) is one of the nine states or Länder of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria, and Salzburg. With an area of 11,982 km2 (4,626 sq mi) and 1.49 million inhabitants, Upper Austria is the fourth-largest Austrian state by land area and the third-largest by population.

Upper Austria
Oberösterreich
State
Flag
Coat of arms
Anthem: Hoamatgsang
Country Austria
CapitalLinz
Government
 • GovernorThomas Stelzer (ÖVP)
 • Deputy Governors
  • Christine Haberlander (ÖVP)
  • Manfred Haimbuchner (FPÖ)
Area
 • Total11,981.92 km2 (4,626.25 sq mi)
Population
 (1 January 2022)
 • Total1,505,140
 • Density130/km2 (330/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeAT-4
HDI (2019)0.913[1]
very high · 5th of 9
NUTS RegionAT3
Votes in Bundesrat12 (of 62)
Websitewww.land-oberoesterreich.gv.at

History

Origins

For a long period of the Middle Ages, much of what would become Upper Austria constituted Traungau, a region of the Duchy of Bavaria. In the mid-13th century, it became known as the Principality above the Enns River (Fürstentum ob der Enns), this name being first recorded in 1264. (At the time, the term "Upper Austria" also included Tyrol and various scattered Habsburg possessions in South Germany.)

Early modern era

In 1490, the area was given a measure of independence within the Holy Roman Empire, with the status of a principality. By 1550, there was a Protestant majority. In 1564, Upper Austria, together with Lower Austria and the Bohemian territories, fell under Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II.

At the start of the 17th century, the counter-reformation was instituted under Emperor Rudolf II and his successor Matthias. After a military campaign, the area was under the control of Bavaria for some years in the early 17th century.

The Innviertel was ceded from the Electorate of Bavaria to Upper Austria in the Treaty of Teschen in 1779. During the Napoleonic Wars, Upper Austria was occupied by the French army on more than one occasion.

20th century

 
Hallstatt, a village in Upper Austria inside the Salzkammergut

In 1918, after the collapse of Austria-Hungary, the name Oberösterreich was used to describe the province of the new Austria. After Austria was annexed by Adolf Hitler, the Nazi dictator, who had been born in the Upper Austrian town of Braunau am Inn and raised in Upper Austria, Upper Austria became Reichsgau Oberdonau, although this also included the southern part of the Sudetenland, annexed from Czechoslovakia, and a small part of Styria. In 1945, Upper Austria was partitioned between the American zone to the south and the Soviet zone to the north.

Today, Upper Austria is Austria's leading industrial region. As of 2009, it accounted for approximately a quarter of the country's exports.[2]

Geography

Lakes

Demographics

As of January 1, 2021, 1,495,608 people resided in the state, of which 107,318 (7.17%) were EU/EEA/CH/UK citizens and 96,623 (6.46%) were third-country nationals.[3] The majority of the immigrant population in recent decades has come from Germany, Southeastern Europe, and Turkey, with 1.77% from Germany, 1.48% from Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1.19% from Serbia, Montenegro, and Kosovo, and 1.03% from Turkey. Due to the large wave of refugees since the second half of 2015, the number of people from Afghanistan has increased to 6,721 (0.45%) and from Syria to 6,023 (0.4%). The Mühlviertel has been inhabited by a few hundred Sinti since the Middle Ages, very few of whom actually profess to belong to their ethnic group in censuses.

The majority of Upper Austrians are Christian: in 2001, 79.4% of the people still belonged to the Roman Catholic Church, about 4.4% were members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church, 4.0% were Muslims and 8.8% were of no confession.[4] By the end of 2020, the proportion of Catholics[5] had fallen to 62%, while the corresponding proportion of Protestants was about 3.1% of the Upper Austrian population.

Population development

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Economy

The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the state was 65.9 billion € in 2018, accounting for 17.1% of the Austria's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 39,500 € or 131% of the EU27 average in the same year.[6]

Politics

The Upper Austrian state constitution defines Upper Austria as an independent state of the democratic Republic of Austria. In its constitution, Upper Austria also declares its support for a united Europe that is committed to democratic, constitutional, social and federal principles as well as the principle of subsidiarity, preserves the autonomy of the regions and ensures their participation in European decision-making. In its regional constitution, Upper Austria defines its position in Europe as an independent, future-oriented and self-confident region that participates in the further development of a united Europe.[7]

Like Styria, Upper Austria is a swing state that usually has a signal character in nationwide elections. The conservative Austrian People's Party dominates in rural areas, the Social Democratic Party of Austria has its strongholds in the cities of Linz, Wels and Steyr or in the Attnang-Puchheim railroad junction, but the right-wing populist Freedom Party of Austria has also traditionally had a strong presence, for example in the Innviertel.

Administrative divisions

 

Administratively, the state is divided into 15 districts (Bezirke), three Statutarstädte and 438 municipalities.

Statutory cities

  1. Linz
  2. Steyr
  3. Wels

Districts

  2. Braunau am Inn
  3. Eferding
  4. Freistadt
  5. Gmunden
  6. Grieskirchen
  7. Kirchdorf an der Krems
  8. Linz-Land
  9. Perg
  10. Ried im Innkreis
  11. Rohrbach
  12. Schärding
  13. Steyr-Land
  14. Urfahr-Umgebung
  15. Vöcklabruck
  16. Wels-Land

Historical regions

Historically, Upper Austria was traditionally divided into four viertel or regions: Hausruckviertel, Innviertel, Mühlviertel, and Traunviertel.

Today these do not exist as administrative regions, but are often still spoken about and referred to: for instance, as the term for the local language dialect (e.g. Innviertlerisch), as the term for the local regional cuisine (e.g. Innviertler Küche), or in regional tourism campaigns (e.g. s'Innviertel).

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  2. ^ Upper Austria Technology and Marketing Company. "Upper Austria in figures". Retrieved 2014-05-03.
  3. ^ Statistik Austria
  4. ^ "Glaube & Religion" (PDF).
  5. ^ katholisch.at. "Kirchliche Statistik: Eintritte, Austritte, Pastoraldaten". www.katholisch.at (in German). Retrieved 2022-01-26.
  6. ^ "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat.
  7. ^ https://www.land-oberoesterreich.gv.at/files/publikationen/Verf_schriftenreihe_Nr1.pdf[bare URL PDF]

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Upper Austria.
 
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Austria, Upper".
 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Upper Austria.
  • (in German) Upper Austria official website

May 10, 2023
upper, austria, this, article, expanded, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, german, november, 2016, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, german, article, machine, translation, like, deepl, go. This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German November 2016 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the German article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 437 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de Oberosterreich see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated de Oberosterreich to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Upper Austria German Oberosterreich ˈoːbɐˌʔoːstɐʁaɪc listen Bavarian Obaostareich is one of the nine states or Lander of Austria Its capital is Linz Upper Austria borders Germany and the Czech Republic as well as the other Austrian states of Lower Austria Styria and Salzburg With an area of 11 982 km2 4 626 sq mi and 1 49 million inhabitants Upper Austria is the fourth largest Austrian state by land area and the third largest by population Upper Austria OberosterreichStateFlagCoat of armsAnthem Hoamatgsang source source Country AustriaCapitalLinzGovernment GovernorThomas Stelzer OVP Deputy GovernorsChristine Haberlander OVP Manfred Haimbuchner FPO Area Total11 981 92 km2 4 626 25 sq mi Population 1 January 2022 Total1 505 140 Density130 km2 330 sq mi Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST ISO 3166 codeAT 4HDI 2019 0 913 1 very high 5th of 9NUTS RegionAT3Votes in Bundesrat12 of 62 Websitewww wbr land oberoesterreich wbr gv wbr at Contents 1 History 1 1 Origins 1 2 Early modern era 1 3 20th century 2 Geography 2 1 Lakes 3 Demographics 3 1 Population development 4 Economy 5 Politics 6 Administrative divisions 6 1 Statutory cities 6 2 Districts 6 2 1 Historical regions 7 See also 8 Notes 9 External linksHistory EditOrigins Edit For a long period of the Middle Ages much of what would become Upper Austria constituted Traungau a region of the Duchy of Bavaria In the mid 13th century it became known as the Principality above the Enns River Furstentum ob der Enns this name being first recorded in 1264 At the time the term Upper Austria also included Tyrol and various scattered Habsburg possessions in South Germany Early modern era Edit In 1490 the area was given a measure of independence within the Holy Roman Empire with the status of a principality By 1550 there was a Protestant majority In 1564 Upper Austria together with Lower Austria and the Bohemian territories fell under Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II At the start of the 17th century the counter reformation was instituted under Emperor Rudolf II and his successor Matthias After a military campaign the area was under the control of Bavaria for some years in the early 17th century The Innviertel was ceded from the Electorate of Bavaria to Upper Austria in the Treaty of Teschen in 1779 During the Napoleonic Wars Upper Austria was occupied by the French army on more than one occasion 20th century Edit Hallstatt a village in Upper Austria inside the Salzkammergut In 1918 after the collapse of Austria Hungary the name Oberosterreich was used to describe the province of the new Austria After Austria was annexed by Adolf Hitler the Nazi dictator who had been born in the Upper Austrian town of Braunau am Inn and raised in Upper Austria Upper Austria became Reichsgau Oberdonau although this also included the southern part of the Sudetenland annexed from Czechoslovakia and a small part of Styria In 1945 Upper Austria was partitioned between the American zone to the south and the Soviet zone to the north Today Upper Austria is Austria s leading industrial region As of 2009 it accounted for approximately a quarter of the country s exports 2 Geography EditThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it January 2023 Lakes Edit Ausee Gosauseen Hollerersee Nussensee Oedter See Pichlinger See Puckinger SeeDemographics EditAs of January 1 2021 1 495 608 people resided in the state of which 107 318 7 17 were EU EEA CH UK citizens and 96 623 6 46 were third country nationals 3 The majority of the immigrant population in recent decades has come from Germany Southeastern Europe and Turkey with 1 77 from Germany 1 48 from Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 19 from Serbia Montenegro and Kosovo and 1 03 from Turkey Due to the large wave of refugees since the second half of 2015 the number of people from Afghanistan has increased to 6 721 0 45 and from Syria to 6 023 0 4 The Muhlviertel has been inhabited by a few hundred Sinti since the Middle Ages very few of whom actually profess to belong to their ethnic group in censuses The majority of Upper Austrians are Christian in 2001 79 4 of the people still belonged to the Roman Catholic Church about 4 4 were members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church 4 0 were Muslims and 8 8 were of no confession 4 By the end of 2020 the proportion of Catholics 5 had fallen to 62 while the corresponding proportion of Protestants was about 3 1 of the Upper Austrian population Population development Edit The historical population is given in the following chart Economy EditThe Gross domestic product GDP of the state was 65 9 billion in 2018 accounting for 17 1 of the Austria s economic output GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 39 500 or 131 of the EU27 average in the same year 6 Politics EditThe Upper Austrian state constitution defines Upper Austria as an independent state of the democratic Republic of Austria In its constitution Upper Austria also declares its support for a united Europe that is committed to democratic constitutional social and federal principles as well as the principle of subsidiarity preserves the autonomy of the regions and ensures their participation in European decision making In its regional constitution Upper Austria defines its position in Europe as an independent future oriented and self confident region that participates in the further development of a united Europe 7 Like Styria Upper Austria is a swing state that usually has a signal character in nationwide elections The conservative Austrian People s Party dominates in rural areas the Social Democratic Party of Austria has its strongholds in the cities of Linz Wels and Steyr or in the Attnang Puchheim railroad junction but the right wing populist Freedom Party of Austria has also traditionally had a strong presence for example in the Innviertel Administrative divisions Edit Administratively the state is divided into 15 districts Bezirke three Statutarstadte and 438 municipalities Statutory cities Edit Linz Steyr Wels Linz New Cathedral Districts Edit Braunau am Inn Eferding Freistadt Gmunden Grieskirchen Kirchdorf an der Krems Linz Land Perg Ried im Innkreis Rohrbach Scharding Steyr Land Urfahr Umgebung Vocklabruck Wels LandHistorical regions Edit Historically Upper Austria was traditionally divided into four viertel or regions Hausruckviertel Innviertel Muhlviertel and Traunviertel Today these do not exist as administrative regions but are often still spoken about and referred to for instance as the term for the local language dialect e g Innviertlerisch as the term for the local regional cuisine e g Innviertler Kuche or in regional tourism campaigns e g s Innviertel See also EditAustro Bavarian languageNotes Edit Sub national HDI Area Database Global Data Lab hdi globaldatalab org Retrieved 2018 09 13 Upper Austria Technology and Marketing Company Upper Austria in figures Retrieved 2014 05 03 Statistik Austria Glaube amp Religion PDF katholisch at Kirchliche Statistik Eintritte Austritte Pastoraldaten www katholisch at in German Retrieved 2022 01 26 Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30 to 263 of the EU average in 2018 Eurostat https www land oberoesterreich gv at files publikationen Verf schriftenreihe Nr1 pdf bare URL PDF External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Upper Austria Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article Austria Upper Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Upper Austria in German Upper Austria official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Upper Austria amp oldid 1150995140, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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