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Southeast Europe

February 15, 2024

Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe (SEE) is a geographical subregion of Europe, consisting primarily of the cultural region of Balkans, as well as adjacent regions and archipelagos. There are overlapping and conflicting definitions of the region, due to political, economic, historical, cultural, and geographical considerations.

Map of Southeastern Europe

Sovereign states and territories that may be included in the region are Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia (alternatively placed in Central Europe), Greece (alternatively placed in the broader region of Southern Europe), Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania (alternatively placed in Eastern Europe), Serbia, and the European part of Turkey (alternatively placed in the broader region of Southern Europe, also in Western Asia with the rest of the country). Sometimes, Cyprus (most often placed in West Asia), Hungary (most often placed in Central Europe), Moldova (most often placed in Eastern Europe) and Slovenia (most often placed in Central Europe) are also included due to cultural or historical factors and affiliation despite their geography.

The largest cities of the region are Istanbul, Athens, Bucharest, Sofia, and Belgrade.

Definition edit

The first known use of the term "Southeast Europe" was by Austrian researcher Johann Georg von Hahn (1811–1869) as a broader term than the traditional Balkans,[1] a concept based on the boundaries of the Balkan Peninsula. Countries described in 2004 by Istituto Geografico De Agostini as being entirely within the Balkan region, are: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Montenegro, and North Macedonia.[2])

However from the 1990s onwards, in part due to the negative historical and political connotations of the term Balkans,[3] especially since the military conflicts of the 1990s in Yugoslavia in the western half of the region, the term Southeast Europe is becoming increasingly popular.[4][5]

Standing Committee on Geographical Names edit

 
The cultural borders of Europe according to the Standing Committee on Geographical Names, Germany. The map displays two different segment-bordering ways superimposed on each other.[6]

The German Ständige Ausschuss für geographische Namen (Standing Committee on Geographical Names), which develops and recommends rules for the uniform use of geographical names, proposes two sets of boundaries. The first follows international borders of current countries. The second subdivides and includes some countries based on cultural criteria.[6] The following countries are included in their classification "Southeastern Europe":

  • Albania
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Bulgaria
  • Cyprus
  • Greece
  • Montenegro
  • Moldova
  • North Macedonia
  • Romania
  • Serbia

In this classification, Croatia, Hungary and Slovenia are included in Central Europe, while Turkey (East Thrace) is classified outside of main Europe.

CIA World Factbook edit

 
Regions of Europe based on CIA World Factbook. Southeastern Europe in brown

In the CIA World Factbook, the description of each country includes information about "Location" under the heading "Geography", where the country is classified into a region. The following countries are included in their classification "Southeast Europe":[7]

  • Albania
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Bulgaria
  • Croatia
  • Kosovo
  • Montenegro
  • North Macedonia
  • Romania
  • Serbia
  • Turkey (East Thrace)

In this classification, Moldova is included in Eastern Europe and Greece is included in Southern Europe.[8][9] Hungary and Slovenia are included in Central Europe.[10]

Notable views edit

  • The Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe (SPSEE) included Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania and Serbia as member partners.
  • The South-East European Cooperation Process (SEECP) includes Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Turkey as member partners.
  • The Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) includes Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Hungary, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Turkey as member partners.
  • The Southeast European Law Enforcement Center (SELEC) includes Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Hungary, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Turkey as member states.[11]
  • The EU-co-funded South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme[12] includes the whole territory of Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Hungary, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, and parts of Italy and Ukraine as part of the "programme area".[13]
  • The Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe (PCC SEE) includes Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia as member states.[14]
  • Studies of the World Bank treat Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Moldova, North Macedonia, Romania and Serbia as the eight South Eastern European countries (SEE8).[15]
  • A 2006 publication of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB) listed Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, North Macedonia, Moldova, Romania and Serbia and Montenegro as 'south-eastern European countries'.[16]
  • The World Bank does not include the EU countries in its reports, and lists only Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia (SEE6).[17]
  • UNHCR's Regional Office in South Eastern Europe[18] currently lists Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Montenegro as part of 'South Eastern Europe'.

See also edit

Notes edit

References edit

  1. ^ Hösch, Nehring, Sundhaussen (Hrsg.), Lexikon zur Geschichte Südosteuropas, S. 663, ISBN 3-8252-8270-8
  2. ^ Istituto Geografico De Agostini, L'Enciclopedia Geografica – Vol.I – Italia, 2004, Ed. De Agostini p.78
  3. ^ "Balkanize". merriam-webster.com.
  4. ^ Altić, Mirela Slukan (2011). "Hrvatska kao zapadni Balkan – geografska stvarnost ili nametnuti identitet?" [Croatia as a Part of the Western Balkans – Geographical Reality or Enforced Identity?]. Društvena Istraživanja (in Croatian). 20 (2): 401–413. doi:10.5559/di.20.2.06.
  5. ^ Bideleux, Robert; Ian Jeffries (2007). A history of Eastern Europe. Taylor & Francis. p. 37. ISBN 978-0-415-36627-4.
  6. ^ a b Jordan, Peter (2005). "Großgliederung Europas nach kulturräumlichen Kriterien" [The large-scale division of Europe according to cultural-spatial criteria]. Europa Regional. Leipzig: Leibniz-Institut für Länderkunde (IfL). 13 (4): 162–173. Retrieved 21 January 2019 – via Ständiger Ausschuss für geographische Namen (StAGN).
  7. ^ CIA. . Archived from the original on June 1, 2007.
  8. ^ "Moldova". CIA. 12 October 2022.
  9. ^ "Greece". CIA. 11 October 2022.
  10. ^ "Slovenia". CIA. 6 October 2022.
  11. ^ "Member States". Southeast European Law Enforcement Center. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
  12. ^ . www.southeast-europe.net. Archived from the original on 1 May 2008. Retrieved 7 January 2019.
  13. ^ "Programme summary", South East Europe (SEE): Operational Programme, South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme, 28 November 2013, p. 6
  14. ^ "Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe (PCC SEE)". PCC SEE Secretariat. Retrieved 2023-12-19.
  15. ^ Harry G. Broadman (2004). Building Market Institutions in South Eastern Europe: Comparative Prospects for Investment and Private Sector Development. World Bank Publications. p. xviii. ISBN 978-0-8213-5776-7.
  16. ^ World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe; Council of Europe Development Bank (2006). Health and Economic Development in South-eastern Europe. World Health Organization. pp. 5–. ISBN 978-92-890-2295-8.
  17. ^ "South East Europe Regular Economic Report". World Bank.
  18. ^ "Regional Office in South Eastern Europe - Global Focus". reporting.unhcr.org.

Sources edit

  • Paul L. Horecky (ed.), Southeastern Europe: A guide to basic publications, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1969.
  • Jelavich, Barbara (1983a). History of the Balkans: Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521274586.
  • Jelavich, Barbara (1983b). History of the Balkans: Twentieth Century. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521274593.
  • Troebst, Stefan, "Historical Meso-Region": A Concept in Cultural Studies and Historiography, EGO - European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History, 2012, retrieved: 4 March 2020 (pdf)

Further reading edit

  • Ekavi Athanassaopolou (2013). Organized Crime in Southeast Europe. Routledge. pp. 6–. ISBN 978-1-317-99945-4.
  • Koller, Markus, Ottoman History of South-East Europe, EGO - European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History, 2012, retrieved: 17 March 2021 (pdf).

External links edit

  •   Media related to Southeastern Europe at Wikimedia Commons

February 15, 2024
southeast, europe, southeastern, europe, geographical, subregion, europe, consisting, primarily, cultural, region, balkans, well, adjacent, regions, archipelagos, there, overlapping, conflicting, definitions, region, political, economic, historical, cultural, . Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe SEE is a geographical subregion of Europe consisting primarily of the cultural region of Balkans as well as adjacent regions and archipelagos There are overlapping and conflicting definitions of the region due to political economic historical cultural and geographical considerations Map of Southeastern EuropeSovereign states and territories that may be included in the region are Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia alternatively placed in Central Europe Greece alternatively placed in the broader region of Southern Europe Kosovo Montenegro North Macedonia Romania alternatively placed in Eastern Europe Serbia and the European part of Turkey alternatively placed in the broader region of Southern Europe also in Western Asia with the rest of the country Sometimes Cyprus most often placed in West Asia Hungary most often placed in Central Europe Moldova most often placed in Eastern Europe and Slovenia most often placed in Central Europe are also included due to cultural or historical factors and affiliation despite their geography The largest cities of the region are Istanbul Athens Bucharest Sofia and Belgrade Contents 1 Definition 1 1 Standing Committee on Geographical Names 1 2 CIA World Factbook 1 3 Notable views 2 See also 3 Notes 4 References 5 Sources 6 Further reading 7 External linksDefinition editThe first known use of the term Southeast Europe was by Austrian researcher Johann Georg von Hahn 1811 1869 as a broader term than the traditional Balkans 1 a concept based on the boundaries of the Balkan Peninsula Countries described in 2004 by Istituto Geografico De Agostini as being entirely within the Balkan region are Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Montenegro and North Macedonia 2 However from the 1990s onwards in part due to the negative historical and political connotations of the term Balkans 3 especially since the military conflicts of the 1990s in Yugoslavia in the western half of the region the term Southeast Europe is becoming increasingly popular 4 5 Standing Committee on Geographical Names edit nbsp The cultural borders of Europe according to the Standing Committee on Geographical Names Germany The map displays two different segment bordering ways superimposed on each other 6 The German Standige Ausschuss fur geographische Namen Standing Committee on Geographical Names which develops and recommends rules for the uniform use of geographical names proposes two sets of boundaries The first follows international borders of current countries The second subdivides and includes some countries based on cultural criteria 6 The following countries are included in their classification Southeastern Europe Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Cyprus Greece Montenegro Moldova North Macedonia Romania SerbiaIn this classification Croatia Hungary and Slovenia are included in Central Europe while Turkey East Thrace is classified outside of main Europe CIA World Factbook edit nbsp Regions of Europe based on CIA World Factbook Southeastern Europe in brownIn the CIA World Factbook the description of each country includes information about Location under the heading Geography where the country is classified into a region The following countries are included in their classification Southeast Europe 7 Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Kosovo Montenegro North Macedonia Romania Serbia Turkey East Thrace In this classification Moldova is included in Eastern Europe and Greece is included in Southern Europe 8 9 Hungary and Slovenia are included in Central Europe 10 Notable views edit The Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe SPSEE included Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Kosovo Moldova Montenegro North Macedonia Romania and Serbia as member partners The South East European Cooperation Process SEECP includes Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Greece Kosovo Moldova Montenegro North Macedonia Romania Serbia Slovenia and Turkey as member partners The Southeast European Cooperative Initiative SECI includes Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Greece Hungary Moldova Montenegro North Macedonia Romania Serbia Slovenia and Turkey as member partners The Southeast European Law Enforcement Center SELEC includes Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Greece Hungary Moldova Montenegro North Macedonia Romania Serbia and Turkey as member states 11 The EU co funded South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme 12 includes the whole territory of Albania Austria Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Greece Hungary North Macedonia Montenegro Moldova Romania Serbia Slovakia Slovenia and parts of Italy and Ukraine as part of the programme area 13 The Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe PCC SEE includes Albania Austria Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Hungary Moldova Montenegro North Macedonia Romania Serbia and Slovenia as member states 14 Studies of the World Bank treat Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Moldova North Macedonia Romania and Serbia as the eight South Eastern European countries SEE8 15 A 2006 publication of the World Health Organization WHO and Council of Europe Development Bank CEB listed Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia North Macedonia Moldova Romania and Serbia and Montenegro as south eastern European countries 16 The World Bank does not include the EU countries in its reports and lists only Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Kosovo Montenegro North Macedonia and Serbia SEE6 17 UNHCR s Regional Office in South Eastern Europe 18 currently lists Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina North Macedonia and Montenegro as part of South Eastern Europe See also edit nbsp Europe portalEurovoc Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Percentages agreement Regional Cooperation Council Southeast European Times South East Europe Media Organisation Southeast Europe Transport CommunityNotes editReferences edit Hosch Nehring Sundhaussen Hrsg Lexikon zur Geschichte Sudosteuropas S 663 ISBN 3 8252 8270 8 Istituto Geografico De Agostini L Enciclopedia Geografica Vol I Italia 2004 Ed De Agostini p 78 Balkanize merriam webster com Altic Mirela Slukan 2011 Hrvatska kao zapadni Balkan geografska stvarnost ili nametnuti identitet Croatia as a Part of the Western Balkans Geographical Reality or Enforced Identity Drustvena Istrazivanja in Croatian 20 2 401 413 doi 10 5559 di 20 2 06 Bideleux Robert Ian Jeffries 2007 A history of Eastern Europe Taylor amp Francis p 37 ISBN 978 0 415 36627 4 a b Jordan Peter 2005 Grossgliederung Europas nach kulturraumlichen Kriterien The large scale division of Europe according to cultural spatial criteria Europa Regional Leipzig Leibniz Institut fur Landerkunde IfL 13 4 162 173 Retrieved 21 January 2019 via Standiger Ausschuss fur geographische Namen StAGN CIA The World Factbook Archived from the original on June 1 2007 Moldova CIA 12 October 2022 Greece CIA 11 October 2022 Slovenia CIA 6 October 2022 Member States Southeast European Law Enforcement Center Retrieved 2023 11 14 South East Europe www southeast europe net Archived from the original on 1 May 2008 Retrieved 7 January 2019 Programme summary South East Europe SEE Operational Programme South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme 28 November 2013 p 6 Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe PCC SEE PCC SEE Secretariat Retrieved 2023 12 19 Harry G Broadman 2004 Building Market Institutions in South Eastern Europe Comparative Prospects for Investment and Private Sector Development World Bank Publications p xviii ISBN 978 0 8213 5776 7 World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe Council of Europe Development Bank 2006 Health and Economic Development in South eastern Europe World Health Organization pp 5 ISBN 978 92 890 2295 8 South East Europe Regular Economic Report World Bank Regional Office in South Eastern Europe Global Focus reporting unhcr org Sources editPaul L Horecky ed Southeastern Europe A guide to basic publications Chicago The University of Chicago Press 1969 Jelavich Barbara 1983a History of the Balkans Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries Vol 1 Cambridge University Press ISBN 9780521274586 Jelavich Barbara 1983b History of the Balkans Twentieth Century Vol 2 Cambridge University Press ISBN 9780521274593 Troebst Stefan Historical Meso Region A Concept in Cultural Studies and Historiography EGO European History Online Mainz Institute of European History 2012 retrieved 4 March 2020 pdf Further reading editEkavi Athanassaopolou 2013 Organized Crime in Southeast Europe Routledge pp 6 ISBN 978 1 317 99945 4 Koller Markus Ottoman History of South East Europe EGO European History Online Mainz Institute of European History 2012 retrieved 17 March 2021 pdf External links edit nbsp Media related to Southeastern Europe at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Southeast Europe amp oldid 1206475010, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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