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United States diplomatic cables leak

January 26, 2023

Not to be confused with Kissinger cables or Lettergate.
This article is about the release of leaked U.S. diplomatic cables by WikiLeaks. For the contents of those cables, see Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak. For reactions to the leak, see Reactions to the United States diplomatic cables leak.

The United States diplomatic cables leak, widely known as Cablegate, began on Sunday, 28 November 2010[1] when WikiLeaks began releasing classified cables that had been sent to the U.S. State Department by 274 of its consulates, embassies, and diplomatic missions around the world. Dated between December 1966 and February 2010, the cables contain diplomatic analysis from world leaders, and the diplomats' assessment of host countries and their officials.[2]

Cablegate
DescriptionRelease of 251,287 United States diplomatic cables
Dates of cables1966–2010
Period of release18 February 2010 – 1 September 2011
Key publishersEl País, Der Spiegel, Le Monde, The Guardian, The New York Times, WikiLeaks
Related articlesAfghan War documents leak, Iraq War documents leak
SubjectData protection, First Amendment, freedom of information, freedom of speech

On 30 July 2013, Chelsea Manning was convicted for theft of the cables and violations of the Espionage Act in a court martial proceeding and sentenced to thirty-five years imprisonment. She was released on 17 May 2017, after seven years total confinement, after her sentence had been commuted by President Barack Obama earlier that year.

Sequence of leaks

The first document, the so-called Reykjavik 13 cable, was released by WikiLeaks on 18 February 2010, and was followed by the release of State Department profiles of Icelandic politicians a month later.[3] Later that year, Julian Assange, WikiLeaks' editor-in-chief, reached an agreement with media partners in Europe and the United States to publish the rest of the cables in redacted form, removing the names of sources and others in vulnerable positions. On 28 November, the first 220 cables were published under this agreement by El País (Spain), Der Spiegel (Germany), Le Monde (France), The Guardian (United Kingdom), and The New York Times (United States).[4] WikiLeaks had planned to release the rest over several months, and as of 11 January 2011, 2017 had been published.

The remaining cables were published in September 2011 after a series of events compromised the security of a WikiLeaks file containing the cables. This included WikiLeaks volunteers placing an encrypted file containing all WikiLeaks data online as "insurance" in July 2010, in case something happened to the organization.[5] In February 2011 David Leigh of The Guardian published the encryption passphrase in a book;[6] he had received it from Assange so he could access a copy of the Cablegate file, and believed the passphrase was a temporary one, unique to that file. In August 2011, German weekly Der Freitag published some of these details, enabling others to piece the information together and decrypt the Cablegate files. The cables were then available online, fully unredacted. In response, WikiLeaks decided on 1 September 2011 to publish all 251,287 unedited documents.[7]

The publication of the cables was the third in a series of U.S. classified document leaks distributed by WikiLeaks in 2010, following the Afghan War documents leak in July, and the Iraq War documents leak in October. Over 130,000 of the cables are unclassified, some 100,000 are labeled "confidential", around 15,000 have the higher classification "secret", and none are classified as "top secret" on the classification scale.[4]

Reactions

Reactions to the leak in 2010 varied. Western governments expressed strong disapproval, while the material generated intense interest from the public and journalists. Some political leaders referred to Assange as a criminal, while blaming the U.S. Department of Defense for security lapses. Supporters of Assange referred to him in November 2010 as a key defender of free speech and freedom of the press.[8] Reaction to the release in September 2011 of the unredacted cables attracted stronger criticism, and was condemned by the five newspapers that had first published the cables in redacted form in November 2010.[9]

Background

 
Wikinews has news on this topic
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  • Wikileaks to release thousands of secret documents; 'international embarrassment' likely, 27 November 2010
  • Files will risk 'countless' lives, Obama administration warns Wikileaks, 28 November 2010
  • Wikileaks website attacked; millions of files to be released tonight, 28 November 2010
  • Wikileaks cable disclosure shows Arab fears of Iranian ambitions, 30 November 2010
  • Latest 'CableGate' disclosures hint at US diplomatic tactics in Spain and beyond, 1 December 2010
  • Leaked cables cause Australian concern, 10 December 2010

In June 2010, the magazine Wired reported that the U.S. State Department and embassy personnel were concerned that Chelsea Manning, a United States Army soldier charged with the unauthorized download of classified material while stationed in Iraq, had leaked diplomatic cables. WikiLeaks rejected the report as inaccurate: "Allegations in Wired that we have been sent 260,000 classified U.S. embassy cables are, as far as we can tell, incorrect".[10][11]

However, during that same month (June 2010), The Guardian had been offered "half a million military dispatches from the battlefields of Afghanistan and Iraq. There might be more after that, including an immense bundle of confidential diplomatic cables", and Alan Rusbridger, the editor of The Guardian had contacted Bill Keller, editor of The New York Times, to see if he would be interested in sharing the dissemination of the information.[12]

Manning was suspected to have uploaded all that was obtained to WikiLeaks, which chose to release the material in stages so as to have the greatest possible impact.[13]

According to The Guardian, all the diplomatic cables were marked "Sipdis", denoting "secret internet protocol distribution", which means they had been distributed via the closed U.S. SIPRNet, the U.S. Department of Defense's classified version of the civilian internet.[14] More than three million U.S. government personnel and soldiers have access to this network.[15] Documents marked "top secret" are not included in the system. Such a large quantity of secret information was available to a wide audience because, as The Guardian alleged, after the 11 September attacks an increased focus had been placed on sharing information since gaps in intra-governmental information sharing had been exposed.[14] More specifically, the diplomatic, military, law enforcement, and intelligence communities would be able to do their jobs better with this easy access to analytic and operative information.[14] A spokesman said that in the previous weeks and months additional measures had been taken to improve the security of the system and prevent leaks.[14]

 
Before the release, United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton discussed the leak with diplomats.

On 22 November, an announcement was made via WikiLeaks' Twitter feed that the next release would be "7× the size of the Iraq War Logs".[16][17] U.S. authorities and the media had speculated, at the time, that they could contain diplomatic cables.[18] Prior to the expected leak, the government of the United Kingdom (UK) sent a DA-Notice to UK newspapers, which requested advance notice from newspapers regarding the expected publication.[19] Index on Censorship pointed out that "there is no obligation on [the] media to comply".[19] Under the terms of a DA-Notice, "[n]ewspaper editors would speak to [the] Defence, Press and Broadcasting Advisory Committee prior to publication".[19] The Guardian was revealed to have been the source of the copy of the documents given to The New York Times in order to prevent the British government from obtaining any injunction against its publication.[20] The Pakistani newspaper Dawn stated that the U.S. newspapers The New York Times and The Washington Post were expected to publish parts of the diplomatic cables on 28 November, including 94 Pakistan-related documents.[21]

On 26 November, Assange sent a letter to the U.S. Department of State, via his lawyer Jennifer Robinson, inviting them to "privately nominate any specific instances (record numbers or names) where it considers the publication of information would put individual persons at significant risk of harm that has not already been addressed".[22][23][24] Harold Koh, the Legal Adviser of the Department of State, rejected the proposal, stating: "We will not engage in a negotiation regarding the further release or dissemination of illegally obtained U.S. Government classified materials".[24] Assange responded by writing back to the U.S. State Department that "you have chosen to respond in a manner which leads me to conclude that the supposed risks are entirely fanciful and you are instead concerned to suppress evidence of human rights abuse and other criminal behaviour".[25][26] Ahead of the leak, United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and other American officials contacted governments in several countries about the impending release.[27]

Release

November 2010 release of redacted cables

The five newspapers that had obtained an advance copy of all leaked cables began releasing the cables on 28 November 2010, and WikiLeaks made the cables selected by these newspapers and redacted by their journalists available on its website. "They are releasing the documents we selected", Le Monde's managing editor, Sylvie Kauffmann, said in an interview.[28]

WikiLeaks aimed to release the cables in phases over several months due to their global scope and significance.[29] The first batch of leaks released comprised 220 cables.[29] Further cables were subsequently made available on the WikiLeaks website. The full set of cables published by WikiLeaks can be browsed and searched by a variety of websites.[30]

Contents

Contents of the 251,287 cables
Subject Documents
External political relations 145,451
Internal government affairs 122,896
Human rights 55,211
Economic conditions 49,044
Terrorists and terrorism 28,801
UN Security Council 6,532
Main article: Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak

The contents of the U.S. diplomatic cables leak describe in detail events and incidents surrounding international affairs from 274 embassies dating from 28 December 1966 to 28 February 2010. The diplomatic cables revealed numerous unguarded comments and revelations: US diplomats gathering personal information about Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, and other top UN officials; critiques and praises about the host countries of various U.S. embassies, discussion and resolutions towards ending ongoing tension in the Middle East, efforts for and resistance against nuclear disarmament, actions in the War on Terror, assessments of other threats around the world, dealings between various countries, U.S. intelligence and counterintelligence efforts, U.S. support of dictatorship and other diplomatic actions.

The leaked cables revealed that diplomats of the U.S. and Britain eavesdropped on Secretary General Kofi Annan in the weeks before the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, in apparent violation of international treaties prohibiting spying at the UN.[31][32] The intelligence information the diplomats were ordered to gather included biometric information (which apparently included DNA, fingerprints, and iris scans), passwords, and personal encryption keys used in private and commercial networks for official communications.[32][33] It also included Internet and intranet usernames, e-mail addresses, web site URLs useful for identification, credit card numbers, frequent flier account numbers, and work schedules.[32][34][35] The targeted human intelligence was requested in a process known as the National Humint Collection Directive, and was aimed at foreign diplomats of US allies as well.[35] WikiLeaks released the cable on 28 November 2010.

The Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative was contained in a February 2009 diplomatic cable to the U.S. Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, which was leaked, redacted and released by WikiLeaks in 2010. On 6 December 2010, the BBC called it "one of the most sensitive" leaks.[36] WikiLeaks removed only a minority of the details of names and locations, and left the rest uncensored; details of the exact location of the assets were not included in the list.[37] The list included critical facilities for the global supply chain, global communications, and economically important goods and services.

An investigation into two senior Zimbabwe army commanders who communicated with US Ambassador Charles A. Ray was launched, with the two facing a possible court martial.[38] On 14 September the Committee to Protect Journalists said that an Ethiopian journalist named in the cables was forced to flee the country[39] but WikiLeaks accused the CPJ of distorting the situation "for marketing purposes".[40] Al Jazeera replaced its news director, Wadah Khanfar, on 20 September after he was identified in the cables.[41] The naming of mainland China residents reportedly "sparked an online witch-hunt by Chinese nationalist groups, with some advocating violence against those now known to have met with U.S. Embassy staff."[42] US officials said the damage caused was limited.[43][44]

One of the leaked documents included comments sent to the US State Department by Philip Alston, United Nations special rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary, or Arbitrary Executions regarding the Ishaqi incident. Alston stated that US forces handcuffed and executed the residents of a house on 15 March 2006. The residents included five children under 5 years of age. Autopsies later confirmed that "all the corpses were shot in the head and handcuffed". The US said their troops had been fired on when they approached the house and the people were killed by a support air raid. A US inquiry three months later determined that the soldiers had acted according to the rules of engagement in taking down a safe house. The Iraqi government then said they would open an inquiry. In September 2011, the Iraqi government said they would reopen their investigation into the incident as a result of the publication of the cable. Iraqi officials said that the cable was sufficient cause to deny the Americans any bases and demand that all troops leave.[45][46]

Coverage

The Guardian released its coverage of the leaked cables in numerous articles, including an interactive database, starting on 28 November.[47]

Der Spiegel also released its preliminary report, with extended coverage promised for the next day.[48] Its cover for 29 November was also leaked with the initial report.[49]

The New York Times initially covered the story in a nine-part series spanning nine days, with the first story published simultaneously with the other outlets.[50] The New York Times was not originally intended to receive the leak, allegedly[51] due to its unflattering portrayal of the site's founder, but The Guardian decided to share coverage, citing earlier cooperation while covering the Afghan and Iraqi war logs.

The Washington Post reported that it also requested permission to see the documents, but was rejected for undisclosed reasons.[51]

El País released its report[52] saying there was an agreement between the newspapers for simultaneous publication of the "internationally relevant" documents, but that each newspaper was free to select and treat those documents that primarily relate to its own country.[53]

Several of the newspapers coordinating with WikiLeaks have published some of the cables on their own websites.[54]

The Lebanese daily newspaper Al-Akhbar published about 183 cables on 2 December 2010.[55][56]

The Swedish newspapers Svenska Dagbladet and Aftonbladet started reporting on the leaks in early December 2010.[57] In Norway Verdens Gang (VG) brought the first leaks concerning the United States and the Norwegian government on 7 December.[58]

Aftenposten, a Norwegian daily newspaper, reported on 17 December 2010 that it had gained access to the full cable set of 251,287 documents.[59] While it is unclear how it received the documents, they were apparently not obtained directly from WikiLeaks. Aftenposten started releasing cables that are not available in the official WikiLeaks distribution.[60] As of 5 January 2011, it had released just over one hundred cables unpublished by WikiLeaks, with about a third of these related to Sri Lanka, and many related to Norway.[60]

Politiken, a Danish daily newspaper, announced on 8 January 2011 that it had obtained access to the full set of cables.[61]

NRC, a Dutch daily newspaper, and RTL Nieuws, a Dutch television news service, announced on 14 January 2011 that they had gained access to the about 3,000 cables sent from The Hague, via Aftenposten.[62] NOS announced on the same day that it had obtained these same cables from WikiLeaks.[63]

Die Welt, a German daily newspaper, announced on 17 January 2011 that they had gained access to the full set of cables, via Aftenposten.[64]

Australian-based Fairfax Media obtained access to the cables under a separate arrangement.[65] Fairfax newspapers began releasing their own stories based on the leaked cables on 7 December 2010. Unlike other newspapers given access, Fairfax originally had not posted any of the original cables online, citing the need to maintain its competitive advantage over other Australian newspapers.[66] However, on 16 December 2010, Fairfax reversed its position, and began publishing the cables used in its stories.[67]

The Russian weekly newspaper Russky Reporter (Русский Репортёр)[68] has published a large number of cables, both in English and in Russian translation.[69]

The Cuban government-run website Razones de Cuba[70] started publishing Spanish translations of WikiLeaks documents on 23 December 2010.[71]

The Costa Rican newspaper La Nación announced on 1 March 2011 it had received 827 cables from WikiLeaks which it started publishing the next day. 764 of these were sent from the U.S. Embassy in San José while 63 were sent from other embassies and deal with Costa Rican affairs.[72]

CNN was originally supposed to receive an advance copy of the documents as well, but did not after it refused to sign a confidentiality agreement with WikiLeaks.[73] The Wall Street Journal also refused advance access, apparently for similar reasons as CNN.[74]

The Ecuadorian newspaper El Universo started releasing 343 cables related to the Ecuadorian government and institutions on 6 April 2011.[75] The publication was done the day after the Spanish newspaper El País published a cable in which the ambassador Heather Hodges showed concerns regarding corruption in the Ecuadorian National Police, especially of Gral. Jaime Hurtado Vaca, former Police commander. The ambassador was later declared persona non grata and was requested to leave the country as soon as possible.[76]

September 2011 release of mostly unredacted cables

In August 2010, Assange gave Guardian journalist David Leigh an encryption key and a URL where he could locate the full Cablegate file. In February 2011, shortly before Domscheit-Berg's book appeared, Leigh and Luke Harding, another Guardian journalist, published WikiLeaks: Inside Julian Assange's War on Secrecy via Guardian Books. In it, Leigh revealed the encryption key Assange had given him.[7]

The key to the document is: ACollectionOfDiplomaticHistorySince_1966_ToThe_PresentDay#.[77][78]

The encrypted file was placed in a hidden sub-folder on the WikiLeaks web server[77] on which it had been placed to aid in transferring the file from WikiLeaks to Leigh and not removed due to oversight. When the WikiLeaks website experienced denial-of-service attacks, mirror sites were setup and supporters created and shared a compressed BitTorrent of the entire site, including the hidden sub-folder.[79] On 25 August 2011, the German magazine Der Freitag published an article about it,[80] and while it left out the crucial details, there was enough to allow others to begin piecing the information together.[79] The story was also published in the Danish newspaper Dagbladet Information and the US Embassy in London and the US State Department were notified the same day.[79][81]

Denn der Freitag hat eine Datei, die auch unredigierte US-Botschaftsdepeschen enthält. ... Die Datei mit dem Namen "cables.csv" ist 1,73 Gigabyte groß. ... Das Passwort zu dieser Datei liegt offen zutage und ist für Kenner der Materie zu identifizieren.

Because der Freitag have discovered a file on the internet which includes the unredacted embassy files. ... The file is called "cables.csv" and is 1.73 gigabytes in size. ... The password for this file is plain to see and identifiable for someone familiar with the material.

Steffen Kraft[80]

On 29 August, WikiLeaks published over 130,000 unredacted cables.[82][83][84] On 31 August, WikiLeaks tweeted[85] a link to a torrent of the encrypted data.[86][79] By 1 September, the encrypted Cablegate file had been decrypted and published by Cryptome. On 2 September, WikiLeaks published unredacted copies of all of the cables on their website.[87]

According to Glenn Greenwald, WikiLeaks decided that the "safest course was to release all the cables in full, so that not only the world's intelligence agencies but everyone had them, so that steps could be taken to protect the sources and so that the information in them was equally available."[88] According to The Guardian, it includes more than 1,000 cables containing the names of individual activists, and around 150 identifying whistleblowers.[89]

At Julian Assange's extradition hearing, Professor Christian Grothoff said that the unredacted cables were published by Cryptome a day before WikiLeaks, so WikiLeaks was not the primary publisher.[87][90] In a statement introduced by Assange's lawyers, Cryptome's owner, John Young, stated that Cryptome has never been asked by US law enforcement to remove the unredacted cables and that they remain online.[91][92]

Consequences of the release

On 2 September 2011, Australia's attorney general, Robert McClelland released a statement that the unredacted cables identified at least one ASIO officer, and that it was a crime in Australia to publish information which could identify an intelligence officer. McClelland said that "On occasions before this week, WikiLeaks redacted identifying features where the safety of individuals or national security could be put at risk. It appears this hasn't occurred with documents that have been distributed across the internet this week." According to The Guardian at the time, this meant "Julian Assange could face prosecution in Australia."[93]

2010-2011 reactions to the releases

Main article: Reactions to the United States diplomatic cables leak

Denial-of-service attack

About an hour prior to the planned release of the initial documents, WikiLeaks announced it was experiencing a massive distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS),[94] but vowed to still release the cables and documents via pre-agreed prominent media outlets El País, Le Monde, Der Spiegel, The Guardian, and The New York Times.[95]

According to Arbor Networks, an Internet-analyst group, the DDoS attack accounted for between two and four gigabits per second (Gbit/s) of additional traffic to the WikiLeaks host network, compared to an average traffic of between twelve and fifteen Gbit/s under ordinary conditions.[96] The attack was slightly more powerful than ordinary DDoS attacks, though well below the maximum of 60 to 100 Gbit/s of other major attacks during 2010.[96] The attack was claimed to have been carried out by a person by the name of "Jester", who describes himself as a "hacktivist". Jester took credit for the attack on Twitter, stating that WikiLeaks "threaten[ed] the lives of our troops and 'other assets'".[96][97]

On 2 December 2010, EveryDNS, who provide a free DNS hosting service, dropped WikiLeaks from its entries, citing DDoS attacks that "threatened the stability of its infrastructure",[98] but the site was copied and made available at many other addresses, an example of the Streisand effect.[99]

John Perry Barlow, co-founder of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, wrote a tweet saying: "The first serious infowar is now engaged. The field of battle is WikiLeaks. You are the troops."[100]

Dropping of hosting, finance services, and accessibility

Amazon.com removed WikiLeaks from its servers on 1 December 2010 at 19:30 GMT, and the latter website was unreachable until 20:17 GMT when the site had defaulted to its Swedish servers, hosted by Bahnhof.

U.S. Senator Joe Lieberman, among the members of the U.S. Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee who had questioned Amazon in private communication on the company's hosting of WikiLeaks and the illegally obtained documents, commended Amazon for the action;[101] WikiLeaks, however, responded by stating on its official Twitter page that "WikiLeaks servers at Amazon ousted. Free speech the land of the free—fine our $ are now spent to employ people in Europe",[102] and later that "If Amazon are so uncomfortable with the first amendment, they should get out of the business of selling books".[103]

On 2 December 2010, Tableau Software withdrew its visualizations from the contents of the leak, stating that it was directly due to political pressure from Joe Lieberman.[104][105]

On 4 December, PayPal cut off the account used by WikiLeaks to collect donations.[106]

On 6 December, the Swiss bank PostFinance announced that it had frozen the assets of Assange;[107] on the same day, MasterCard stopped payments to WikiLeaks,[108] with Visa following them on 7 December.[109]

Official efforts by the U.S. government to limit access to, conversation about, and general spread of the cables leaked by WikiLeaks were revealed by leading media organizations. A 4 December 2010 article by MSNBC[110] reported that the Obama administration had warned federal government employees and students in educational institutions studying towards careers in public service that they must refrain from downloading or linking to any WikiLeaks documents. However, State Department spokesman P.J. Crowley denied ordering students, stating, "We do not control private networks. We have issued no authoritative instructions to people who are not employees of the Department of State." He said the warning was from an "overzealous employee."[111] According to a 3 December 2010 article in The Guardian,[112] access to WikiLeaks has been blocked for federal workers. The U.S. Library of Congress, the U.S. Commerce Department and other government agencies have confirmed that the ban is already in place.

A spokesman for Columbia University confirmed on 4 December that its Office of Career Services sent an e-mail warning students at Columbia's School of International and Public Affairs to refrain from accessing WikiLeaks cables and discussing this subject on the grounds that "discourse about the documents would call into question your ability to deal with confidential information".[113] However, this was quickly retracted on the following day. SIPA Dean John Henry Coatsworth wrote that "Freedom of information and expression is a core value of our institution, ... thus, SIPA's position is that students have a right to discuss and debate any information in the public arena that they deem relevant to their studies or to their roles as global citizens, and to do so without fear of adverse consequences."[114]

The New York Times reported on 14 December[115] that the U.S. Air Force bars its personnel from access to news sites (such as those of The New York Times and The Guardian) that publish leaked cables.

On 18 December, the Bank of America stopped handling payments for WikiLeaks.[116]

Anonymous and anti-censorship

Main articles: Operation Payback, Operation Tunisia, and Anonymous (group) § Zimbabwe

In response to perceived federal and corporate censorship of the cable leaks, internet group Anonymous launched DDoS attacks on several websites. So far, the websites of the Swedish prosecutor, PostFinance (the Swiss post-office banking company), MasterCard and Visa have all been targeted.[117]

The websites of the government of Zimbabwe were targeted by Anonymous with DDoS attacks due to censorship of the WikiLeaks documents.[118] The websites of the government of Tunisia were targeted by Anonymous due to censorship of the WikiLeaks documents and the Tunisian revolution.[118] Tunisians were reported to be assisting in these denial-of-service attacks launched by Anonymous.[119] Anonymous's role in the DDoS attacks on the Tunisian government's websites has led to an upsurge of internet activism among Tunisians against the government.[120] Anonymous released an online message denouncing the government clampdown on recent protests and posted it on the Tunisian government website.[121] Anonymous has named their attacks "Operation Tunisia".[122] Anonymous successfully DDoSsed eight Tunisian government websites. They plan attacks in Internet Relay Chat networks. Someone attacked Anonymous's website with a DDoS on 5 January.[123]

Manipulation of news based on WikiLeaks cables

On 9 December 2010, major Pakistani newspapers (such as The News International, The Express Tribune and the Daily Jang) and television channels carried stories that claimed to detail U.S. diplomats' assessments of senior Indian generals as "vain, egotistical and genocidal", also saying "India's government is secretly allied with Hindu fundamentalists", and that "Indian spies are covertly supporting Islamist militants in Pakistan's tribal belt and Balochistan."[124] However, none of the cables revealed any such assessments. The claims were credited to an Islamabad-based news service agency that frequently ran pro-Pakistan Army stories.[124]

Later, The News International admitted the story "was dubious and may have been planted", and The Express Tribune offered "profuse" apologies to readers.[125] Urdu-language papers such as the Daily Jang, however, declined to retract the story.[125]

Twitter subpoena

Main article: Twitter subpoena

On 14 December 2010, a U.S. federal court subpoenaed Twitter for extensive information regarding WikiLeaks, but also put on a gagging order. The order was said to be part of an "ongoing criminal investigation", and required information regarding the Twitter accounts of WikiLeaks, Assange, Manning, Rop Gonggrijp, Jacob Appelbaum, and Birgitta Jonsdottir. According to Glenn Greenwald, the court "gave Twitter three days to respond and barred the company from notifying anyone, including the users, of the existence of the Order."[126] Twitter requested that it be allowed to notify the users, giving them ten days to object. The court order was unsealed on 5 January 2011, and Jonsdottir decided to publicly fight the order.[127]

Elected representatives of Iceland have declared such actions by the U.S. government "serious", "peculiar", "outlandish", and akin to heavy breathing on the telephone.[128] The published subpoena text demands "you are to provide ... subscriber names, user names ... mailing addresses, residential addresses, business addresses ... telephone number[s] ... credit card or bank account number[s] ... billing records", "as well as 'destination email addresses and IP addresses".[129] As of 10 January 2011, there were 636,759 followers of the WikiLeaks Twitter feed with destination email addresses and IP addresses.[130][131]

Tunisian revolution and Arab Spring

The cable leaks have been pointed to as a catalyst for the 2010–2011 Tunisian revolution and government overthrow. Foreign Policy magazine said, "We might also count Tunisia as the first time that WikiLeaks pushed people over the brink."[132] Additionally, The New York Times said, "The protesters ... found grist for the complaints in leaked cables from the United States Embassy in Tunisia, released by WikiLeaks, that detailed the self-dealing and excess of the president's family."[133][134][135]

It is widely believed that the Tunisian revolution then spread to other parts of the Middle East, turning into the Arab Spring.[136]

Unredacted cable reactions

After the unredacted cables became available online, WikiLeaks added them to their searchable database. The release was condemned by WikiLeaks' media partners, the Guardian, New York Times, El Pais, Der Spiegel and Le Monde, who said it put sources at risk of dismissal, detention and physical harm.[137][138][139] The organisations published a joint statement that WikiLeaks disputed.[138]

We deplore the decision of WikiLeaks to publish the unredacted state department cables, which may put sources at risk. Our previous dealings with WikiLeaks were on the clear basis that we would only publish cables which had been subjected to a thorough joint editing and clearance process. We will continue to defend our previous collaborative publishing endeavour. We cannot defend the needless publication of the complete data – indeed, we are united in condemning it. The decision to publish by Julian Assange was his, and his alone.[137]

The publication was also condemned by Reporters Without Borders and the Index On Censorship.[139][140][141] After the publication, Reporters Without Borders temporarily suspended their WikiLeaks mirror and criticized the group, saying the decision could put journalists in danger.[142][139][140][143]

Glenn Greenwald commented that it was "a disaster from every angle" and criticised WikiLeaks, The Guardian 's David Leigh, and Open Leaks' Daniel Domscheit-Berg. According to Greenwald, "it's possible that diplomatic sources identified in the cables (including whistleblowers and human rights activists) will be harmed; this will be used by enemies of transparency and WikiLeaks to disparage both and even fuel efforts to prosecute the group; it implicates a newspaper, The Guardian, that generally produces very good and responsible journalism; it likely increases political pressure to impose more severe punishment on Bradley Manning if he's found guilty of having leaked these cables; and it will completely obscure the already-ignored, important revelations of serious wrongdoing from these documents."[86][88] Greenwald and other commentators have agreed with WikiLeaks' rationale for the release of unredacted cables.[88][144]

Leigh was criticized by several commentators, including Glenn Greenwald, who called the publication of the password "reckless", arguing that, even if it had been a temporary one, publishing it divulged the type of passwords WikiLeaks was using.[7] WikiLeaks said it was pursuing pre-litigation action against The Guardian for an alleged breach of a confidentiality agreement.[145] Leigh disclaimed responsibility for the release, saying Assange had assured him the password would expire hours after it was disclosed to him.[146] Mark Davis, a journalist who was present while Assange worked with the media during the publication of the Afghan War logs, said that claims that Assange was callous about harm that might be caused by disclosures were lies, and that if there was a cavalier attitude it was the Guardian journalists who had a disdain for the impact of the material.[147]

A Defense Department spokesman criticised WikiLeaks over it, saying "what we have said all along about the danger of these types of things is reinforced by the fact that there are now documents out there in unredacted form containing the names of individuals whose lives are at risk because they are named. Once WikiLeaks has these documents in its possession, it loses control and information gets out whether they intend [it] to or not."[148]

See also

References

  1. ^ Wikileaks "Secret US Embassy Cables"
  2. ^ Welch, Dylan. "US red-faced as 'CABLEGATE' sparks global diplomatic crisis, courtesy of WikiLeaks", Sydney Morning Herald, 29 November 2010.
  3. ^ Myers, Steven Lee. "Charges for Soldier Accused of Leak", The New York Times, 6 July 2010.
    • Also see Nicks, Denver. "Private Manning and the Making of Wikileaks" 29 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine, This Land, 23 September 2010.
  4. ^ a b Shane, Scott and Lehren, Andrew W. "Leaked Cables Offer Raw Look at U.S. Diplomacy" The New York Times, 28 November 2010.
  5. ^ Domscheit-Berg, Daniel. Inside WikiLeaks. Doubleday 2011, pp. 192–195.
  6. ^ "WikiLeaks password 'leaked by journalists' - 9News". www.9news.com.au. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  7. ^ a b c Greenwald, Glenn. "Facts and myths in the WikiLeaks/Guardian saga", Salon, 2 September 2011. 29 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine from the original on 7 March 2012.
    • Stöcker, Christian. "A Dispatch Disaster in Six Acts", Der Spiegel, 1 September 2011. from the original on 7 March 2012.
    • Mackey, Robert et al. "All Leaked U.S. Cables Were Made Available Online as WikiLeaks Splintered", The New York Times, 1 September 2011. from the original on 7 March 2012.
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External links

 
Look up Cablegate in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
  • Secret US Embassy Cables by WikiLeaks
  • The US embassy cables by The Guardian
  • State's Secrets by The New York Times
  • WikiLeaks Diplomatic Cables FAQ by Der Spiegel
  • The Arrest of Julian Assange and the U.S. "War on WikiLeaks" – video report by Democracy Now!
  • , cablegate search engine (full text, dates and attributes)
  • , full-text search by topic
  • , full-text search of released diplomatic cables
  • cables.csv at the Internet Archive, everything unredacted
  • "Wikileaked – Inside the State Department's Secret Cables". A journal run by Foreign Policy devoted to contents of WikiLeaks' U.S. diplomatic cables release (retrieved 10 December 2010)
  • (German) WikiLeaks-Enthüllungen: Codename Projekt 8 – Der Spiegel's background on the strained negotiations between Wikileaks and the newspapers it chose to publish the cables

January 26, 2023
united, states, diplomatic, cables, leak, confused, with, kissinger, cables, lettergate, this, article, about, release, leaked, diplomatic, cables, wikileaks, contents, those, cables, contents, reactions, leak, reactions, widely, known, cablegate, began, sunda. Not to be confused with Kissinger cables or Lettergate This article is about the release of leaked U S diplomatic cables by WikiLeaks For the contents of those cables see Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak For reactions to the leak see Reactions to the United States diplomatic cables leak The United States diplomatic cables leak widely known as Cablegate began on Sunday 28 November 2010 1 when WikiLeaks began releasing classified cables that had been sent to the U S State Department by 274 of its consulates embassies and diplomatic missions around the world Dated between December 1966 and February 2010 the cables contain diplomatic analysis from world leaders and the diplomats assessment of host countries and their officials 2 CablegateDescriptionRelease of 251 287 United States diplomatic cablesDates of cables1966 2010Period of release18 February 2010 1 September 2011Key publishersEl Pais Der Spiegel Le Monde The Guardian The New York Times WikiLeaksRelated articlesAfghan War documents leak Iraq War documents leakSubjectData protection First Amendment freedom of information freedom of speechOn 30 July 2013 Chelsea Manning was convicted for theft of the cables and violations of the Espionage Act in a court martial proceeding and sentenced to thirty five years imprisonment She was released on 17 May 2017 after seven years total confinement after her sentence had been commuted by President Barack Obama earlier that year Contents 1 Sequence of leaks 2 Reactions 3 Background 4 Release 4 1 November 2010 release of redacted cables 4 1 1 Contents 4 1 2 Coverage 4 2 September 2011 release of mostly unredacted cables 4 2 1 Consequences of the release 5 2010 2011 reactions to the releases 5 1 Denial of service attack 5 2 Dropping of hosting finance services and accessibility 5 3 Anonymous and anti censorship 5 4 Manipulation of news based on WikiLeaks cables 5 5 Twitter subpoena 5 6 Tunisian revolution and Arab Spring 5 7 Unredacted cable reactions 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksSequence of leaks EditThe first document the so called Reykjavik 13 cable was released by WikiLeaks on 18 February 2010 and was followed by the release of State Department profiles of Icelandic politicians a month later 3 Later that year Julian Assange WikiLeaks editor in chief reached an agreement with media partners in Europe and the United States to publish the rest of the cables in redacted form removing the names of sources and others in vulnerable positions On 28 November the first 220 cables were published under this agreement by El Pais Spain Der Spiegel Germany Le Monde France The Guardian United Kingdom and The New York Times United States 4 WikiLeaks had planned to release the rest over several months and as of 11 January 2011 2017 had been published The remaining cables were published in September 2011 after a series of events compromised the security of a WikiLeaks file containing the cables This included WikiLeaks volunteers placing an encrypted file containing all WikiLeaks data online as insurance in July 2010 in case something happened to the organization 5 In February 2011 David Leigh of The Guardian published the encryption passphrase in a book 6 he had received it from Assange so he could access a copy of the Cablegate file and believed the passphrase was a temporary one unique to that file In August 2011 German weekly Der Freitag published some of these details enabling others to piece the information together and decrypt the Cablegate files The cables were then available online fully unredacted In response WikiLeaks decided on 1 September 2011 to publish all 251 287 unedited documents 7 The publication of the cables was the third in a series of U S classified document leaks distributed by WikiLeaks in 2010 following the Afghan War documents leak in July and the Iraq War documents leak in October Over 130 000 of the cables are unclassified some 100 000 are labeled confidential around 15 000 have the higher classification secret and none are classified as top secret on the classification scale 4 Reactions EditReactions to the leak in 2010 varied Western governments expressed strong disapproval while the material generated intense interest from the public and journalists Some political leaders referred to Assange as a criminal while blaming the U S Department of Defense for security lapses Supporters of Assange referred to him in November 2010 as a key defender of free speech and freedom of the press 8 Reaction to the release in September 2011 of the unredacted cables attracted stronger criticism and was condemned by the five newspapers that had first published the cables in redacted form in November 2010 9 Background Edit Wikinews has news on this topicWikileaks crashes under cyber attack 31 August 2011 ACLU EFF challenging US secret court orders seeking twitter data 7 April 2011 Wikileaks to release thousands of secret documents international embarrassment likely 27 November 2010 Files will risk countless lives Obama administration warns Wikileaks 28 November 2010 Wikileaks website attacked millions of files to be released tonight 28 November 2010 Wikileaks cable disclosure shows Arab fears of Iranian ambitions 30 November 2010 Latest CableGate disclosures hint at US diplomatic tactics in Spain and beyond 1 December 2010 Leaked cables cause Australian concern 10 December 2010 In June 2010 the magazine Wired reported that the U S State Department and embassy personnel were concerned that Chelsea Manning a United States Army soldier charged with the unauthorized download of classified material while stationed in Iraq had leaked diplomatic cables WikiLeaks rejected the report as inaccurate Allegations in Wired that we have been sent 260 000 classified U S embassy cables are as far as we can tell incorrect 10 11 However during that same month June 2010 The Guardian had been offered half a million military dispatches from the battlefields of Afghanistan and Iraq There might be more after that including an immense bundle of confidential diplomatic cables and Alan Rusbridger the editor of The Guardian had contacted Bill Keller editor of The New York Times to see if he would be interested in sharing the dissemination of the information 12 Manning was suspected to have uploaded all that was obtained to WikiLeaks which chose to release the material in stages so as to have the greatest possible impact 13 According to The Guardian all the diplomatic cables were marked Sipdis denoting secret internet protocol distribution which means they had been distributed via the closed U S SIPRNet the U S Department of Defense s classified version of the civilian internet 14 More than three million U S government personnel and soldiers have access to this network 15 Documents marked top secret are not included in the system Such a large quantity of secret information was available to a wide audience because as The Guardian alleged after the 11 September attacks an increased focus had been placed on sharing information since gaps in intra governmental information sharing had been exposed 14 More specifically the diplomatic military law enforcement and intelligence communities would be able to do their jobs better with this easy access to analytic and operative information 14 A spokesman said that in the previous weeks and months additional measures had been taken to improve the security of the system and prevent leaks 14 Before the release United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton discussed the leak with diplomats On 22 November an announcement was made via WikiLeaks Twitter feed that the next release would be 7 the size of the Iraq War Logs 16 17 U S authorities and the media had speculated at the time that they could contain diplomatic cables 18 Prior to the expected leak the government of the United Kingdom UK sent a DA Notice to UK newspapers which requested advance notice from newspapers regarding the expected publication 19 Index on Censorship pointed out that there is no obligation on the media to comply 19 Under the terms of a DA Notice n ewspaper editors would speak to the Defence Press and Broadcasting Advisory Committee prior to publication 19 The Guardian was revealed to have been the source of the copy of the documents given to The New York Times in order to prevent the British government from obtaining any injunction against its publication 20 The Pakistani newspaper Dawn stated that the U S newspapers The New York Times and The Washington Post were expected to publish parts of the diplomatic cables on 28 November including 94 Pakistan related documents 21 On 26 November Assange sent a letter to the U S Department of State via his lawyer Jennifer Robinson inviting them to privately nominate any specific instances record numbers or names where it considers the publication of information would put individual persons at significant risk of harm that has not already been addressed 22 23 24 Harold Koh the Legal Adviser of the Department of State rejected the proposal stating We will not engage in a negotiation regarding the further release or dissemination of illegally obtained U S Government classified materials 24 Assange responded by writing back to the U S State Department that you have chosen to respond in a manner which leads me to conclude that the supposed risks are entirely fanciful and you are instead concerned to suppress evidence of human rights abuse and other criminal behaviour 25 26 Ahead of the leak United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and other American officials contacted governments in several countries about the impending release 27 Release EditNovember 2010 release of redacted cables Edit The five newspapers that had obtained an advance copy of all leaked cables began releasing the cables on 28 November 2010 and WikiLeaks made the cables selected by these newspapers and redacted by their journalists available on its website They are releasing the documents we selected Le Monde s managing editor Sylvie Kauffmann said in an interview 28 WikiLeaks aimed to release the cables in phases over several months due to their global scope and significance 29 The first batch of leaks released comprised 220 cables 29 Further cables were subsequently made available on the WikiLeaks website The full set of cables published by WikiLeaks can be browsed and searched by a variety of websites 30 Contents Edit Contents of the 251 287 cables Subject DocumentsExternal political relations 145 451Internal government affairs 122 896Human rights 55 211Economic conditions 49 044Terrorists and terrorism 28 801UN Security Council 6 532Main article Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak The contents of the U S diplomatic cables leak describe in detail events and incidents surrounding international affairs from 274 embassies dating from 28 December 1966 to 28 February 2010 The diplomatic cables revealed numerous unguarded comments and revelations US diplomats gathering personal information about Ban Ki moon Secretary General of the United Nations and other top UN officials critiques and praises about the host countries of various U S embassies discussion and resolutions towards ending ongoing tension in the Middle East efforts for and resistance against nuclear disarmament actions in the War on Terror assessments of other threats around the world dealings between various countries U S intelligence and counterintelligence efforts U S support of dictatorship and other diplomatic actions The leaked cables revealed that diplomats of the U S and Britain eavesdropped on Secretary General Kofi Annan in the weeks before the U S led invasion of Iraq in 2003 in apparent violation of international treaties prohibiting spying at the UN 31 32 The intelligence information the diplomats were ordered to gather included biometric information which apparently included DNA fingerprints and iris scans passwords and personal encryption keys used in private and commercial networks for official communications 32 33 It also included Internet and intranet usernames e mail addresses web site URLs useful for identification credit card numbers frequent flier account numbers and work schedules 32 34 35 The targeted human intelligence was requested in a process known as the National Humint Collection Directive and was aimed at foreign diplomats of US allies as well 35 WikiLeaks released the cable on 28 November 2010 The Critical Foreign Dependencies Initiative was contained in a February 2009 diplomatic cable to the U S Secretary of State Hillary Clinton which was leaked redacted and released by WikiLeaks in 2010 On 6 December 2010 the BBC called it one of the most sensitive leaks 36 WikiLeaks removed only a minority of the details of names and locations and left the rest uncensored details of the exact location of the assets were not included in the list 37 The list included critical facilities for the global supply chain global communications and economically important goods and services An investigation into two senior Zimbabwe army commanders who communicated with US Ambassador Charles A Ray was launched with the two facing a possible court martial 38 On 14 September the Committee to Protect Journalists said that an Ethiopian journalist named in the cables was forced to flee the country 39 but WikiLeaks accused the CPJ of distorting the situation for marketing purposes 40 Al Jazeera replaced its news director Wadah Khanfar on 20 September after he was identified in the cables 41 The naming of mainland China residents reportedly sparked an online witch hunt by Chinese nationalist groups with some advocating violence against those now known to have met with U S Embassy staff 42 US officials said the damage caused was limited 43 44 One of the leaked documents included comments sent to the US State Department by Philip Alston United Nations special rapporteur on Extrajudicial Summary or Arbitrary Executions regarding the Ishaqi incident Alston stated that US forces handcuffed and executed the residents of a house on 15 March 2006 The residents included five children under 5 years of age Autopsies later confirmed that all the corpses were shot in the head and handcuffed The US said their troops had been fired on when they approached the house and the people were killed by a support air raid A US inquiry three months later determined that the soldiers had acted according to the rules of engagement in taking down a safe house The Iraqi government then said they would open an inquiry In September 2011 the Iraqi government said they would reopen their investigation into the incident as a result of the publication of the cable Iraqi officials said that the cable was sufficient cause to deny the Americans any bases and demand that all troops leave 45 46 Coverage Edit The Guardian released its coverage of the leaked cables in numerous articles including an interactive database starting on 28 November 47 Der Spiegel also released its preliminary report with extended coverage promised for the next day 48 Its cover for 29 November was also leaked with the initial report 49 The New York Times initially covered the story in a nine part series spanning nine days with the first story published simultaneously with the other outlets 50 The New York Times was not originally intended to receive the leak allegedly 51 due to its unflattering portrayal of the site s founder but The Guardian decided to share coverage citing earlier cooperation while covering the Afghan and Iraqi war logs The Washington Post reported that it also requested permission to see the documents but was rejected for undisclosed reasons 51 El Pais released its report 52 saying there was an agreement between the newspapers for simultaneous publication of the internationally relevant documents but that each newspaper was free to select and treat those documents that primarily relate to its own country 53 Several of the newspapers coordinating with WikiLeaks have published some of the cables on their own websites 54 The Lebanese daily newspaper Al Akhbar published about 183 cables on 2 December 2010 55 56 The Swedish newspapers Svenska Dagbladet and Aftonbladet started reporting on the leaks in early December 2010 57 In Norway Verdens Gang VG brought the first leaks concerning the United States and the Norwegian government on 7 December 58 Aftenposten a Norwegian daily newspaper reported on 17 December 2010 that it had gained access to the full cable set of 251 287 documents 59 While it is unclear how it received the documents they were apparently not obtained directly from WikiLeaks Aftenposten started releasing cables that are not available in the official WikiLeaks distribution 60 As of 5 January 2011 ref it had released just over one hundred cables unpublished by WikiLeaks with about a third of these related to Sri Lanka and many related to Norway 60 Politiken a Danish daily newspaper announced on 8 January 2011 that it had obtained access to the full set of cables 61 NRC a Dutch daily newspaper and RTL Nieuws a Dutch television news service announced on 14 January 2011 that they had gained access to the about 3 000 cables sent from The Hague via Aftenposten 62 NOS announced on the same day that it had obtained these same cables from WikiLeaks 63 Die Welt a German daily newspaper announced on 17 January 2011 that they had gained access to the full set of cables via Aftenposten 64 Australian based Fairfax Media obtained access to the cables under a separate arrangement 65 Fairfax newspapers began releasing their own stories based on the leaked cables on 7 December 2010 Unlike other newspapers given access Fairfax originally had not posted any of the original cables online citing the need to maintain its competitive advantage over other Australian newspapers 66 However on 16 December 2010 Fairfax reversed its position and began publishing the cables used in its stories 67 The Russian weekly newspaper Russky Reporter Russkij Reportyor 68 has published a large number of cables both in English and in Russian translation 69 The Cuban government run website Razones de Cuba 70 started publishing Spanish translations of WikiLeaks documents on 23 December 2010 71 The Costa Rican newspaper La Nacion announced on 1 March 2011 it had received 827 cables from WikiLeaks which it started publishing the next day 764 of these were sent from the U S Embassy in San Jose while 63 were sent from other embassies and deal with Costa Rican affairs 72 CNN was originally supposed to receive an advance copy of the documents as well but did not after it refused to sign a confidentiality agreement with WikiLeaks 73 The Wall Street Journal also refused advance access apparently for similar reasons as CNN 74 The Ecuadorian newspaper El Universo started releasing 343 cables related to the Ecuadorian government and institutions on 6 April 2011 75 The publication was done the day after the Spanish newspaper El Pais published a cable in which the ambassador Heather Hodges showed concerns regarding corruption in the Ecuadorian National Police especially of Gral Jaime Hurtado Vaca former Police commander The ambassador was later declared persona non grata and was requested to leave the country as soon as possible 76 September 2011 release of mostly unredacted cables Edit In August 2010 Assange gave Guardian journalist David Leigh an encryption key and a URL where he could locate the full Cablegate file In February 2011 shortly before Domscheit Berg s book appeared Leigh and Luke Harding another Guardian journalist published WikiLeaks Inside Julian Assange s War on Secrecy via Guardian Books In it Leigh revealed the encryption key Assange had given him 7 The key to the document is ACollectionOfDiplomaticHistorySince 1966 ToThe PresentDay 77 78 The encrypted file was placed in a hidden sub folder on the WikiLeaks web server 77 on which it had been placed to aid in transferring the file from WikiLeaks to Leigh and not removed due to oversight When the WikiLeaks website experienced denial of service attacks mirror sites were setup and supporters created and shared a compressed BitTorrent of the entire site including the hidden sub folder 79 On 25 August 2011 the German magazine Der Freitag published an article about it 80 and while it left out the crucial details there was enough to allow others to begin piecing the information together 79 The story was also published in the Danish newspaper Dagbladet Information and the US Embassy in London and the US State Department were notified the same day 79 81 Denn der Freitag hat eine Datei die auch unredigierte US Botschaftsdepeschen enthalt Die Datei mit dem Namen cables csv ist 1 73 Gigabyte gross Das Passwort zu dieser Datei liegt offen zutage und ist fur Kenner der Materie zu identifizieren Because der Freitag have discovered a file on the internet which includes the unredacted embassy files The file is called cables csv and is 1 73 gigabytes in size The password for this file is plain to see and identifiable for someone familiar with the material Steffen Kraft 80 On 29 August WikiLeaks published over 130 000 unredacted cables 82 83 84 On 31 August WikiLeaks tweeted 85 a link to a torrent of the encrypted data 86 79 By 1 September the encrypted Cablegate file had been decrypted and published by Cryptome On 2 September WikiLeaks published unredacted copies of all of the cables on their website 87 According to Glenn Greenwald WikiLeaks decided that the safest course was to release all the cables in full so that not only the world s intelligence agencies but everyone had them so that steps could be taken to protect the sources and so that the information in them was equally available 88 According to The Guardian it includes more than 1 000 cables containing the names of individual activists and around 150 identifying whistleblowers 89 At Julian Assange s extradition hearing Professor Christian Grothoff said that the unredacted cables were published by Cryptome a day before WikiLeaks so WikiLeaks was not the primary publisher 87 90 In a statement introduced by Assange s lawyers Cryptome s owner John Young stated that Cryptome has never been asked by US law enforcement to remove the unredacted cables and that they remain online 91 92 Consequences of the release Edit On 2 September 2011 Australia s attorney general Robert McClelland released a statement that the unredacted cables identified at least one ASIO officer and that it was a crime in Australia to publish information which could identify an intelligence officer McClelland said that On occasions before this week WikiLeaks redacted identifying features where the safety of individuals or national security could be put at risk It appears this hasn t occurred with documents that have been distributed across the internet this week According to The Guardian at the time this meant Julian Assange could face prosecution in Australia 93 2010 2011 reactions to the releases EditMain article Reactions to the United States diplomatic cables leak Denial of service attack Edit About an hour prior to the planned release of the initial documents WikiLeaks announced it was experiencing a massive distributed denial of service attack DDoS 94 but vowed to still release the cables and documents via pre agreed prominent media outlets El Pais Le Monde Der Spiegel The Guardian and The New York Times 95 According to Arbor Networks an Internet analyst group the DDoS attack accounted for between two and four gigabits per second Gbit s of additional traffic to the WikiLeaks host network compared to an average traffic of between twelve and fifteen Gbit s under ordinary conditions 96 The attack was slightly more powerful than ordinary DDoS attacks though well below the maximum of 60 to 100 Gbit s of other major attacks during 2010 96 The attack was claimed to have been carried out by a person by the name of Jester who describes himself as a hacktivist Jester took credit for the attack on Twitter stating that WikiLeaks threaten ed the lives of our troops and other assets 96 97 On 2 December 2010 EveryDNS who provide a free DNS hosting service dropped WikiLeaks from its entries citing DDoS attacks that threatened the stability of its infrastructure 98 but the site was copied and made available at many other addresses an example of the Streisand effect 99 John Perry Barlow co founder of the Electronic Frontier Foundation wrote a tweet saying The first serious infowar is now engaged The field of battle is WikiLeaks You are the troops 100 Dropping of hosting finance services and accessibility Edit Amazon com removed WikiLeaks from its servers on 1 December 2010 at 19 30 GMT and the latter website was unreachable until 20 17 GMT when the site had defaulted to its Swedish servers hosted by Bahnhof U S Senator Joe Lieberman among the members of the U S Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee who had questioned Amazon in private communication on the company s hosting of WikiLeaks and the illegally obtained documents commended Amazon for the action 101 WikiLeaks however responded by stating on its official Twitter page that WikiLeaks servers at Amazon ousted Free speech the land of the free fine our are now spent to employ people in Europe 102 and later that If Amazon are so uncomfortable with the first amendment they should get out of the business of selling books 103 On 2 December 2010 Tableau Software withdrew its visualizations from the contents of the leak stating that it was directly due to political pressure from Joe Lieberman 104 105 On 4 December PayPal cut off the account used by WikiLeaks to collect donations 106 On 6 December the Swiss bank PostFinance announced that it had frozen the assets of Assange 107 on the same day MasterCard stopped payments to WikiLeaks 108 with Visa following them on 7 December 109 Official efforts by the U S government to limit access to conversation about and general spread of the cables leaked by WikiLeaks were revealed by leading media organizations A 4 December 2010 article by MSNBC 110 reported that the Obama administration had warned federal government employees and students in educational institutions studying towards careers in public service that they must refrain from downloading or linking to any WikiLeaks documents However State Department spokesman P J Crowley denied ordering students stating We do not control private networks We have issued no authoritative instructions to people who are not employees of the Department of State He said the warning was from an overzealous employee 111 According to a 3 December 2010 article in The Guardian 112 access to WikiLeaks has been blocked for federal workers The U S Library of Congress the U S Commerce Department and other government agencies have confirmed that the ban is already in place A spokesman for Columbia University confirmed on 4 December that its Office of Career Services sent an e mail warning students at Columbia s School of International and Public Affairs to refrain from accessing WikiLeaks cables and discussing this subject on the grounds that discourse about the documents would call into question your ability to deal with confidential information 113 However this was quickly retracted on the following day SIPA Dean John Henry Coatsworth wrote that Freedom of information and expression is a core value of our institution thus SIPA s position is that students have a right to discuss and debate any information in the public arena that they deem relevant to their studies or to their roles as global citizens and to do so without fear of adverse consequences 114 The New York Times reported on 14 December 115 that the U S Air Force bars its personnel from access to news sites such as those of The New York Times and The Guardian that publish leaked cables On 18 December the Bank of America stopped handling payments for WikiLeaks 116 Anonymous and anti censorship Edit Main articles Operation Payback Operation Tunisia and Anonymous group Zimbabwe In response to perceived federal and corporate censorship of the cable leaks internet group Anonymous launched DDoS attacks on several websites So far the websites of the Swedish prosecutor PostFinance the Swiss post office banking company MasterCard and Visa have all been targeted 117 The websites of the government of Zimbabwe were targeted by Anonymous with DDoS attacks due to censorship of the WikiLeaks documents 118 The websites of the government of Tunisia were targeted by Anonymous due to censorship of the WikiLeaks documents and the Tunisian revolution 118 Tunisians were reported to be assisting in these denial of service attacks launched by Anonymous 119 Anonymous s role in the DDoS attacks on the Tunisian government s websites has led to an upsurge of internet activism among Tunisians against the government 120 Anonymous released an online message denouncing the government clampdown on recent protests and posted it on the Tunisian government website 121 Anonymous has named their attacks Operation Tunisia 122 Anonymous successfully DDoSsed eight Tunisian government websites They plan attacks in Internet Relay Chat networks Someone attacked Anonymous s website with a DDoS on 5 January 123 Manipulation of news based on WikiLeaks cables Edit On 9 December 2010 major Pakistani newspapers such as The News International The Express Tribune and the Daily Jang and television channels carried stories that claimed to detail U S diplomats assessments of senior Indian generals as vain egotistical and genocidal also saying India s government is secretly allied with Hindu fundamentalists and that Indian spies are covertly supporting Islamist militants in Pakistan s tribal belt and Balochistan 124 However none of the cables revealed any such assessments The claims were credited to an Islamabad based news service agency that frequently ran pro Pakistan Army stories 124 Later The News International admitted the story was dubious and may have been planted and The Express Tribune offered profuse apologies to readers 125 Urdu language papers such as the Daily Jang however declined to retract the story 125 Twitter subpoena Edit Main article Twitter subpoena On 14 December 2010 a U S federal court subpoenaed Twitter for extensive information regarding WikiLeaks but also put on a gagging order The order was said to be part of an ongoing criminal investigation and required information regarding the Twitter accounts of WikiLeaks Assange Manning Rop Gonggrijp Jacob Appelbaum and Birgitta Jonsdottir According to Glenn Greenwald the court gave Twitter three days to respond and barred the company from notifying anyone including the users of the existence of the Order 126 Twitter requested that it be allowed to notify the users giving them ten days to object The court order was unsealed on 5 January 2011 and Jonsdottir decided to publicly fight the order 127 Elected representatives of Iceland have declared such actions by the U S government serious peculiar outlandish and akin to heavy breathing on the telephone 128 The published subpoena text demands you are to provide subscriber names user names mailing addresses residential addresses business addresses telephone number s credit card or bank account number s billing records as well as destination email addresses and IP addresses 129 As of 10 January 2011 there were 636 759 followers of the WikiLeaks Twitter feed with destination email addresses and IP addresses 130 131 Tunisian revolution and Arab Spring Edit The cable leaks have been pointed to as a catalyst for the 2010 2011 Tunisian revolution and government overthrow Foreign Policy magazine said We might also count Tunisia as the first time that WikiLeaks pushed people over the brink 132 Additionally The New York Times said The protesters found grist for the complaints in leaked cables from the United States Embassy in Tunisia released by WikiLeaks that detailed the self dealing and excess of the president s family 133 134 135 It is widely believed that the Tunisian revolution then spread to other parts of the Middle East turning into the Arab Spring 136 Unredacted cable reactions EditAfter the unredacted cables became available online WikiLeaks added them to their searchable database The release was condemned by WikiLeaks media partners the Guardian New York Times El Pais Der Spiegel and Le Monde who said it put sources at risk of dismissal detention and physical harm 137 138 139 The organisations published a joint statement that WikiLeaks disputed 138 We deplore the decision of WikiLeaks to publish the unredacted state department cables which may put sources at risk Our previous dealings with WikiLeaks were on the clear basis that we would only publish cables which had been subjected to a thorough joint editing and clearance process We will continue to defend our previous collaborative publishing endeavour We cannot defend the needless publication of the complete data indeed we are united in condemning it The decision to publish by Julian Assange was his and his alone 137 The publication was also condemned by Reporters Without Borders and the Index On Censorship 139 140 141 After the publication Reporters Without Borders temporarily suspended their WikiLeaks mirror and criticized the group saying the decision could put journalists in danger 142 139 140 143 Glenn Greenwald commented that it was a disaster from every angle and criticised WikiLeaks The Guardian s David Leigh and Open Leaks Daniel Domscheit Berg According to Greenwald it s possible that diplomatic sources identified in the cables including whistleblowers and human rights activists will be harmed this will be used by enemies of transparency and WikiLeaks to disparage both and even fuel efforts to prosecute the group it implicates a newspaper The Guardian that generally produces very good and responsible journalism it likely increases political pressure to impose more severe punishment on Bradley Manning if he s found guilty of having leaked these cables and it will completely obscure the already ignored important revelations of serious wrongdoing from these documents 86 88 Greenwald and other commentators have agreed with WikiLeaks rationale for the release of unredacted cables 88 144 Leigh was criticized by several commentators including Glenn Greenwald who called the publication of the password reckless arguing that even if it had been a temporary one publishing it divulged the type of passwords WikiLeaks was using 7 WikiLeaks said it was pursuing pre litigation action against The Guardian for an alleged breach of a confidentiality agreement 145 Leigh disclaimed responsibility for the release saying Assange had assured him the password would expire hours after it was disclosed to him 146 Mark Davis a journalist who was present while Assange worked with the media during the publication of the Afghan War logs said that claims that Assange was callous about harm that might be caused by disclosures were lies and that if there was a cavalier attitude it was the Guardian journalists who had a disdain for the impact of the material 147 A Defense Department spokesman criticised WikiLeaks over it saying what we have said all along about the danger of these types of things is reinforced by the fact that there are now documents out there in unredacted form containing the names of individuals whose lives are at risk because they are named Once WikiLeaks has these documents in its possession it loses control and information gets out whether they intend it to or not 148 See also Edit Internet portal United States portal Politics portal Freedom of speech portalList of public disclosures of classified information Pentagon Papers Classified information in the United States Chagossians Foreign policy of the United States New York Times Co v United States 1971 References Edit Wikileaks Secret US Embassy Cables Welch Dylan US red faced as CABLEGATE sparks global diplomatic crisis courtesy of WikiLeaks Sydney Morning Herald 29 November 2010 Myers Steven Lee Charges for Soldier Accused of Leak The New York Times 6 July 2010 Also see Nicks Denver Private Manning and the Making of Wikileaks Archived 29 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine This Land 23 September 2010 a b Shane Scott and Lehren Andrew W Leaked Cables Offer Raw Look at U S Diplomacy The New York Times 28 November 2010 Domscheit Berg Daniel Inside WikiLeaks Doubleday 2011 pp 192 195 WikiLeaks password leaked by journalists 9News www 9news com au Retrieved 22 February 2022 a b c Greenwald Glenn Facts and myths in the WikiLeaks Guardian saga Salon 2 September 2011 Archived 29 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine from the original on 7 March 2012 Stocker Christian A Dispatch Disaster in Six Acts Der Spiegel 1 September 2011 Archived from the original on 7 March 2012 Mackey Robert et al All Leaked U S Cables Were Made Available Online as WikiLeaks Splintered The New York Times 1 September 2011 Archived from the original on 7 March 2012 Sanburn Josh Julian Assange Who Will Be Time s 2010 Person of the Year Time magazine 10 November 2010 Julian Assange amp WikiLeaks Are Doing The Right Thing Carl Bernstein The Joy Behar Show CNN 1 December 2011 courtesy of YouTube accessed 11 January 2011 Joy Behar Show WikiLeaks Founder Placed on Interpol s Most Wanted List for Alleged Sex Crimes Scarborough Goes After Palin The Joy Behar Show CNN 1 December 2011 In Defence of WikiLeaks The Economist 29 November 2010 Jenkins Simon US embassy cables The job of the media is not to protect the powerful from embarrassment The Guardian 28 November 2010 Naureckas Jim WikiLeaks Hasn t Leaked Anything Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting 1 December 2010 Release of full archive draws fury Vancouver Sun 3 September 2011 Also see No case no need The Guardian 2 September 2011 Zetter Kim Poulsen Kevin 8 June 2010 State Department Anxious About Possible Leak of Cables to Wikileaks Wired Retrieved 29 November 2010 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Staff writer 6 June 2010 Allegations in Wired that we have been sent 260 000 classified US embassy cables are as far as we can tell incorrect WikiLeaks via Twitter Retrieved 4 December 2010 Keller Bill 26 January 2011 The Times s Dealings With Julian Assange The New York Times Cable Viewer wikileaks dd19 de Archived from the original on 7 December 2010 Retrieved 3 December 2010 a b c d Tisdall Simon 29 November 2010 Wikileaks Cables Reveal China Ready To Abandon North Korea Leaked Dispatches Show Beijing Is Frustrated with Military Actions of Spoiled Child and Increasingly Favours Reunified Korea The Guardian London Retrieved 30 November 2010 Borger Julian Leigh David 28 November 2010 Siprnet Where America Stores Its Secret Cables Defence Department s Hidden Internet Is Meant To Be Secure But Millions of Officials and Soldiers Have Access The Guardian Accessed 12 December 2010 The US general accounting office identified 3 067 000 people cleared to secret and above in a 1993 study WikiLeaks Twitter Status WikiLeaks via Twitter 22 November 2010 Retrieved 29 November 2010 Petrou Andrea 22 November 2010 WikiLeaks Promises Leak Seven Times Bigger than Iraq Coming Months Will See History Redefined TechEye Archived from the original on 21 December 2010 Retrieved 12 December 2010 Staff writer 23 November 2010 Telegraph WikiLeaks To Release Three Million Secret US Documents Focus Information Agency Retrieved 12 December 2010 a b c Butselaar Emily 26 November 2010 Wikileaks UK Issues DA Notice as US Briefs Allies on Fresh Leak Index on Censorship Retrieved 12 December 2010 Calderone Michael 28 November 2010 The Guardian Gave State Dept Cables to the NY Times Yahoo News Retrieved 3 December 2010 Iqbal Anwar 27 November 2010 WikiLeaks Plans To Release 94 Papers about Pakistan Dawn Archived from the original on 29 November 2010 Retrieved 27 November 2010 Letters between Wikileaks and the U S Government Documents nytimes com Retrieved 29 November 2010 US Rejects Talks with WikiLeaks The Sydney Morning Herald Agence France Presse 28 November 2010 Archived from the original on 29 November 2010 Retrieved 28 November 2010 a b Koh Harold Hongju 27 November 2010 Dear Ms Robinson and Mr Assange PDF The Washington Post Archived from the original PDF on 24 December 2010 Retrieved 28 November 2010 Letters between Wikileaks and the U S Government Documents nytimes com Retrieved 29 November 2010 U S Tries To Suppress Evidence of Human Rights Assange The Hindu Chennai India Press Trust of India 29 November 2010 Retrieved 3 December 2010 Harnden Toby 28 November 2010 WikiLeaks Julian Assange Could Face Grave Consequences The Daily Telegraph London Archived from the original on 12 January 2022 Staff writer 3 December 2010 Respected Media Outlets Collaborate with WikiLeaks Associated Press via Fox News Retrieved 13 May 2018 a b The embassy cables will be released in stages over the next few months The subject matter of these cables is of such importance and the geographical spread so broad that to do otherwise would not do this material justice See Secret US Embassy Cables WikiLeaks 28 November 2010 Archived from the original on 28 November 2010 Retrieved 3 December 2010 The history of the release can be viewed at Cablegatesearch net Archived 20 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine and Cablegate torrent release history See Greenwald Glenn 10 December 2010 The Media s Authoritarianism and WikiLeaks Salon com Retrieved 12 December 2010 WikiLeaks 30 November 2010 Secret US Embassy Cables Archived from the original on 28 November 2010 Retrieved 2 December 2010 WikiLeaks Torrents Cable Search BETA Cablesearch org Archived from the original on 25 December 2010 Retrieved 20 December 2010 FAQ Cable Search BETA Cablesearch org Retrieved 20 December 2010 900 more cables registration required U S Expands Role of Diplomats in Spying The New York Times 28 November 2010 a b c Booth Robert Borger Julian 28 November 2010 US Diplomats Spied on UN Leadership The Guardian Retrieved 3 December 2010 MacAskill Ewen Booth Robert 2 December 2010 WikiLeaks cables CIA drew up UN spying wishlist for diplomats The Guardian Retrieved 13 December 2010 Cables show US sought personal info of foreign diplomats at UN The Times of India Press Trust of India 29 November 2010 Archived from the original on 11 September 2012 Retrieved 30 November 2010 a b Mazzetti Mark 28 November 2010 U S Expands Role of Diplomats in Spying The New York Times Retrieved 13 December 2010 Kendall Bridget 6 December 2010 Wikileaks site list reveals US sensitivities BBC News Archived from the original on 9 December 2010 Retrieved 8 December 2010 WikiLeaks publishes list of worldwide infrastructure critical to security of U S MSNBC 6 December 2010 Archived from the original on 8 December 2010 Retrieved 10 December 2010 Ray Ndlovu WikiLeaks puts Zim generals in firing line Mail amp Guardian 23 September 2011 Ethiopian journalist ID d in WikiLeaks cable flees country Committee to Protect Journalists 14 September 2011 Rachel McAthy WikiLeaks and CPJ in dispute after journalist flees Ethiopia Journalism co uk 16 September 2011 David D Kirkpatrick After Disclosures by WikiLeaks Al Jazeera Replaces Its Top News Director The New York Times 20 September 2011 Mark MacKinnon Leaked cables spark witch hunt for Chinese rats Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Globe and Mail 24 September 2011 Pilkington Ed 31 July 2013 Bradley Manning leak did not result in deaths by enemy forces court hears the Guardian Hosenball Mark 18 January 2011 US officials privately say WikiLeaks damage limited Reuters Gowen Annie 2 September 2011 Iraq to reopen probe of deadly 2006 raid Washington Post Retrieved 20 December 2021 MacAskill Ewan 2 September 2011 WikiLeaks disclosure reopens Iraqi inquiry into massacre of family the Guardian Staff writer portal to database 28 November 2010 US Embassy Cables Browse the Database The Guardian London Retrieved 28 November 2010 Staff writer 28 November 2010 The US Diplomatic Leaks A Superpower s View of the World Der Spiegel Retrieved 3 December 2010 Image of 29 November 2010 Der Spiegel cover Archived 28 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine undated posting Gawker blog Retrieved 29 November 2010 registration required Shane Scott Lehren Andrew W 28 November 2010 Cables Obtained by WikiLeaks Shine Light Into Secret Diplomatic Channels The New York Times Retrieved 28 November 2010 a b Farhi Paul 29 November 2010 WikiLeaks Spurned New York Times but Guardian Leaked State Department Cables The Washington Post Retrieved 30 November 2010 Jimenez Vicente Cano Antonio 14 July 2010 La Mayor Filtracion de la Historia Deja al Descubierto los Secretos de la Politica Exterior de EE UU The Biggest Infiltration in History Leaves U S Foreign Policy Secrets Out in the Open El Pais in Spanish Retrieved 28 November 2010 Staff writer 28 November 2010 Preguntas y Respuestas Sobre los Papeles del Departamento de Estado El Pais in Spanish Retrieved 10 December 2010 Staff writer 5 January 2011 Todos Los Cables El Pais in Spanish Archived from the original on 27 January 2011 Retrieved 5 January 2011 Al Akhbar Newspaper publishes US cables not found on WikiLeaks Ya Libnan 3 December 2010 Archived from the original on 13 January 2011 Retrieved 12 January 2011 http www win tue nl aeb soc wl al akhbar al akhbar html portal page in Arabic language abstracts of diplomatic cables in English language behind various country flag links on portal page each abstract links to entire respective underlying diplomatic cable These are copies rescued from Google cache S bad USA om PR hjalp Inrikes SvD Svenska Dagbladet in Swedish Svd se 1 December 2010 Retrieved 3 September 2011 USA slakter PSTs terrorberedskap VG Nett om WikiLeaks Vg no 2 January 2010 Retrieved 3 September 2011 Staff writer 17 December 2010 250 000 Nye Wikileaks Dokumenter til Aftenposten Aftenposten Har Fatt Tilgang til 250 000 Nye Wikileaks Dokumenter Nyhetsredaktor Ole Erik Almlid Sier Avisen Kan Bruke Dokumentene uten Betingelser Aftenposten in Norwegian Retrieved 21 December 2010 a b Ambassade dokumente Aftenposten 5 January 2011 Archived from the original on 6 January 2011 Retrieved 5 January 2011 Lindqvist Andreas 8 January 2011 Politiken Far Adgang til Alle WikiLeaks Dokumenterne Archived 11 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine in Danish Politiken Retrieved 11 January 2011 door Ernst Jan Pfauth RTL Nieuws en NRC publiceren om 16 00 Nederlandse WikiLeaks documenten nrc nl Retrieved 3 September 2011 NOS Nieuws NOS RTL en NRC hebben Nederlandse WikiLeaks cables Nos nl 15 January 2011 Retrieved 3 September 2011 Hinrichs Per 17 January 2011 Welt Online bricht das Wikileaks Kartell Die Welt Archived from the original on 20 January 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1 March 2011 La Nacion publicara cables de WikiLeaks sobre Costa Rica La Nacion will publish cables from WikiLeaks about Costa Rica La Nacion in Spanish Archived from the original on 3 March 2011 Retrieved 1 March 2011 Staff writer 29 November 2010 U S Documents Obtained by WikiLeaks Posted Despite Site Problem CNN Retrieved 8 December 2010 Lindsay James 29 November 2010 Wikileaks Cables Expose World Leaders Sensitive Diplomacy The Washington Post Retrieved 3 December 2010 Staff writer 6 April 2011 Wikileaks dio a este Diario 343 cables de Ecuador El Universo Retrieved 6 April 2011 Staff writer 5 April 2011 La Embajada de EE UU pidio retirar la visa al excomandante de Policia El Universo Retrieved 6 April 2011 a b Schneier on Security Unredacted U S Diplomatic WikiLeaks Cables Published Schneier com 3 September 2011 Retrieved 21 June 2012 Simpson Connor 31 August 2011 Wikileaks Is Suing the Guardian Over a Security Breach The Atlantic Wire Archived from the original on 31 December 2011 Retrieved 9 April 2017 a b c d Stocker Christian 1 September 2011 Leak at WikiLeaks A Dispatch Disaster in Six Acts Der Spiegel ISSN 2195 1349 Retrieved 23 November 2022 a b Kraft Steffen 25 August 2011 Leck bei Wikileaks Leak at Wikileaks Der Freitag in German Archived from the original on 15 October 2011 Retrieved 7 March 2012 Gjerding Sebastian 25 August 2011 Laekage skader Wikileaks trovaerdighed Dagbladet Information in Danish Archived from the original on 22 May 2013 Retrieved 21 March 2012 Poulsen Kim Zetter and Kevin WikiLeaks Springs a Leak Full Database of Diplomatic Cables Appears Online Wired ISSN 1059 1028 Retrieved 23 November 2022 Australia condemns irresponsible Wikileaks cable leak BBC News 30 August 2011 Retrieved 23 November 2022 WikiLeaks Wikileaks Statement on the 9 Month Anniversary of Cablegate Release of 133 887 Cables wikileaks org Retrieved 23 November 2022 WikiLeaks 31 August 2011 ANNOUNCE Use a magnet compatible Bit Torrent client to download the following encrypted Twitter Retrieved 23 November 2022 a b Estes Adam Clark 2 September 2011 The End of WikiLeaks As We Know It The Atlantic Retrieved 23 November 2022 a b Press Association 21 September 2020 Wikileaks not primary publisher of unredacted cables as they appeared elsewhere first Assange trial hears Press Gazette a b c Glenn Greenwald Facts and myths in the WikiLeaks Guardian saga Archived from the original on 27 September 2011 Retrieved 23 November 2022 Ball James 2 September 2011 Julian Assange faces arrest in Australia over unredacted WikiLeaks cables The Guardian London Young John Statement of Witness PDF Quinn Ben 24 September 2020 US has never asked WikiLeaks rival to remove leaked cables court told the Guardian Young John Statement of Witness PDF cryptome org Cryptome Retrieved 30 January 2022 Julian Assange could face arrest in Australia over unredacted cables the Guardian 2 September 2011 Retrieved 21 November 2022 Wikileaks Hacked Ahead of Secret US Document Release BBC 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fine our are now spent to employ people in Europe WikiLeaks via Twitter 1 December 2010 Retrieved 10 December 2010 Staff writer 1 December 2010 If Amazon are so uncomfortable with the first amendment they should get out of the business of selling books WikiLeaks via Twitter Retrieved 10 December 2010 Arthur Charles Halliday Josh 3 December 2010 WikiLeaks cables visualisation pulled after pressure from Joe Lieberman The Guardian London Fink Elissa 2 December 2010 Why we removed the WikiLeaks visualizations Tableau Software Staff writer 4 December 2010 PayPal Turns Off Tap for WikiLeaks Donations Online Payment Service Cuts Whistleblower Site From Money Flow Making Donations More Difficult Associated Press via CBS News Retrieved 10 December 2010 Staff writer 6 December 2010 Wikileaks Swiss Bank Shuts Julian Assange s Account BBC News Retrieved 10 December 2010 McCullagh Declan 6 December 2010 MasterCard Pulls Plug on WikiLeaks Payments CBS News Retrieved 10 December 2010 Staff writer 7 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Secret Cables NYTimes com The New York Times Staff writer 18 December 2010 Bank of America Stops Handling Wikileaks Payments BBC News Retrieved 20 December 2010 Satter Raphael G Lawless Jill 10 December 2010 Protests Cyber Skirmishes Rage over WikiLeaks Yahoo News Associated Press Archived from the original on 24 October 2010 Retrieved 10 December 2010 a b Staff writer 4 January 2011 Anonymous Activists Target Tunisian Government Sites BBC News Retrieved 11 January 2011 Hill Evan 3 January 2011 Hackers Hit Tunisian Websites Amid Anti Government Protests Attack Blocks Access to Stock Exchange and Ministry of Foreign Relations Al Jazeera English Retrieved 11 January 2011 Randeree Bilal 4 January 2011 Violent Clashes Continue in Tunisia Protests over Unemployment Continue To Spread across the Country as the Government Forces Try To Curb Growing Unrest Al Jazeera English Retrieved 11 January 2011 Screenshot of the message Pm gov tn 28 September 2012 Retrieved 9 October 2012 Rifai Ryan 4 January 2011 Timeline Tunisia s Civil Unrest Chronicle of Nationwide Demonstrations over the Country s Unemployment Crisis Al Jazeera English Retrieved 11 January 2011 Ryan Yasmine 6 January 2011 Tunisia s Bitter Cyberwar Anonymous Has Joined Tunisian Activists To Call for End to the Government s Stifling of Online Dissent Al Jazeera Retrieved 11 January 2011 a b Walsh Declan 9 December 2010 Pakistani Media Publish Fake WikiLeaks Cables Attacking India Comments Alleged To Be from WikiLeaks US Embassy Cables Say Indian Generals Are Genocidal and New Delhi Backs Militants The Guardian London Retrieved 11 December 2010 a b Walsh Declan 10 December 2010 WikiLeaks Fake Cables Pakistani Newspapers Admit They Were Hoaxed Papers Apologise to Readers for Publishing Anti Indian Comments Alleged To Have Been Said by US Officials The Guardian London Retrieved 11 December 2010 Greenwald Glenn 7 January 2011 DOJ Subpoenas Twitter Records of Several WikiLeaks Volunteers Salon com Retrieved 11 January 2011 Rushe Dominic 8 January 2011 Icelandic MP Fights US Demand for Her Twitter Account Details Birgitta Jonsdottir Brands Efforts by US Justice Department To Access Her Private Information Completely Unacceptable The Guardian London Retrieved 11 January 2011 Connor Richard 9 January 2011 Iceland Blasts US Demand for Lawmaker s Details in WikiLeaks Probe Deutsche Welle Retrieved 11 January 2011 Twitter Subpoena PDF Salon com Archived from the original PDF on 12 January 2011 Retrieved 10 January 2011 WikiLeaks on Twitter Twitter Retrieved 10 January 2011 Larson Erik 10 January 2011 US Twitter Subpoena on WikiLeaks Is Harassment Lawyer Says Bloomberg Retrieved 11 January 2011 Dickinson Elizabeth 13 January 2011 The First WikiLeaks Revolution Foreign Policy Retrieved 5 March 2011 Kirkpatrick David A 14 January 2011 Tunisia Leader Flees and Prime Minister Claims Power The New York Times Retrieved 5 March 2011 Wikileaks Real Impact in Tunisia The Atlantic 27 January 2011 Retrieved 5 March 2011 Black Ian 15 January 2011 Tunisia The WikiLeaks connection The Guardian London Retrieved 5 March 2011 Amnesty International hails WikiLeaks and Guardian as Arab spring catalysts World news The Guardian Retrieved on 22 August 2013 a b WikiLeaks publishes full cache of unredacted cables the Guardian 2 September 2011 Retrieved 23 November 2022 a b Anger as Wikileaks releases all US cables unredacted BBC News 2 September 2011 a b c Flock Elizabeth 2 September 2011 WikiLeaks posts all cables unredacted Washington Post Retrieved 23 November 2022 a b Reporters Without Borders temporarily suspends its WikiLeaks mirror site Reporters Without Borders web archive org Retrieved 23 November 2022 Censorship Index on 2 September 2011 Index on Censorship response to Wikileaks cables release Index on Censorship Retrieved 23 November 2022 Anger as Wikileaks releases all US cables unredacted BBC News 2 September 2011 Retrieved 23 November 2022 Reporters Without Borders suspends WikiLeaks mirror site Media news www journalism co uk 2 September 2011 Retrieved 23 November 2022 Marks Paul 6 September 2011 Assange Why WikiLeaks was right to release raw cables New Scientist Retrieved 25 September 2011 Gunter Joel 1 September 2011 WikiLeaks accuses Guardian over unredacted cables leak Journalism co uk Retrieved 3 September 2011 Satter Raphael 31 August 2011 WikiLeaks Breach has exposed unredacted US cables Forbes Associated Press dead link Greenfell Oscar 10 August 2019 Australian investigative journalist exposes Guardian New York Times betrayal of Assange World Socialist Web Site WikiLeaks U S cables exposed POLITICO Associated Press Retrieved 23 November 2022 External links Edit Look up Cablegate in Wiktionary the free dictionary Secret US Embassy Cables by WikiLeaks The US embassy cables by The Guardian State s Secrets by The New York Times WikiLeaks Diplomatic Cables FAQ by Der Spiegel The Arrest of Julian Assange and the U S War on WikiLeaks video report by Democracy Now cabledrum net cablegate search engine full text dates and attributes Cablegatesearch full text search by topic Dazzlepod com cable full text search of released diplomatic cables cables csv at the Internet Archive everything unredacted Wikileaked Inside the State Department s Secret Cables A journal run by Foreign Policy devoted to contents of WikiLeaks U S diplomatic cables release retrieved 10 December 2010 German WikiLeaks Enthullungen Codename Projekt 8 Der Spiegel s background on the strained negotiations between Wikileaks and the newspapers it chose to publish the cables Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title United States diplomatic cables leak amp oldid 1130781059, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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