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Wikipedia

List of Symphyotrichum species

April 08, 2024

Symphyotrichum is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Astereae which includes the commonly cultivated New York aster (S. novi-belgii) and New England aster (S. novae-angliae). Its species are widespread in the Americas, including as far north as subarctic North America to as far south as Chile, Argentina, and the Falkland Islands. One species has a native range extending into eastern Eurasia.

Symphyotrichum genus
Some Symphyotrichum species left–right, top–bottom are shown: S. carnerosanum, S. chilense, S. adnatum, S. lateriflorum, S. concolor, S. ericoides, S. defoliatum, S. ciliatum, S. novae-angliae.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Astereae
Subtribe: Symphyotrichinae
Genus: Symphyotrichum
Nees

Most of the species in the genus are perennials. The flower heads have white, pink, purple, or blue ray florets surrounding white to yellow disk florets. The disk floret corollas become pink, purple, or brown after pollination. The three species in section Conyzopsis have reduced or absent ray florets.

Symphyotrichum is the type genus of subtribe Symphyotrichinae. There are 98 species in the genus, some with varieties, and thirteen named hybrids. The genus is split into five subgenera: Chapmaniana, Astropolium, Virgulus, Ascendentes, and Symphyotrichum. Most of the species had been classified within the genus Aster until it was confirmed to be polyphyletic. The American asters now are separated into monophyletic genera based on multiple phylogenetic studies.

Conventions edit

NatureServe conservation categories

Conservation status codes follow the NatureServe conservation (NS) rounded global status scheme. Hybrids have a column for parents in place of conservation status. Not listed (NL) is not a NatureServe category but is used here to represent those left out of global status rankings up to G5 (including GNA and GNR) and those not in NatureServe. Type species for each clade are in a separate table.

Legend
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation Basionym Year Common name(s) [and varieties] NS Habitat Distribution
Abbreviated scientific name, link to species article,[a] and picture, if available Author citation Basionym Year of the original species description Common name(s) and varieties, if applicable NatureServe rounded global conservation status Habitat Distribution map

Classification edit

Classification of Symphyotrichum edit

Classification within Symphyotrichum edit

Most of the species had been classified within the genus Aster until it was confirmed to be polyphyletic. The American asters were then separated based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic studies.[5][6] S. novae-angliae and S. turbinellum are monotypic within sections. S. novae-angliae is classified in the subgenus Virgulus. In 1994, it was placed in section Grandiflori, subsection Polyligulae.[7] In 2002, it was segregated within its own section Polyliguli.[8] The list follows the 2002 circumscription of section Polyliguli for the species. S. turbinellum is classified in the subgenus Symphyotrichum. It has been placed within its own section Turbinelli.[8] It was previously placed in section Symphyotrichum, subsection Turbinelli.[9] The list follows the more recent circumscription of section Turbinelli for the species.


Clades

  • Symphyotrichum subg. Chapmaniana (Semple) Semple[8]
  • Symphyotrichum subg. Astropolium (Nutt.) Semple[8]
  • Symphyotrichum subg. Virgulus (Raf.) G.L.Nesom[10]
    • sect. Ericoidei (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[11]
    • sect. Patentes (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[11]
      • subsect. Brachyphylli (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[11]
      • subsect. Patentes[11]
    • sect. Grandiflori (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[7]
      • subsect. Mexicanae G.L.Nesom[7]
      • subsect. Grandiflori (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[7]
    • sect. Polyliguli (Semple & Brouillet) Semple[8]
    • sect. Concolores (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[12]
  • Symphyotrichum subg. Ascendentes (Rydb.) Semple[8]
  • Symphyotrichum subg. Symphyotrichum[13]
    • sect. Conyzopsis (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[14]
    • sect. Occidentales (Rydb.) G.L.Nesom[14]
    • sect. Turbinelli (Rydb.) Semple[8]
    • sect. Symphyotrichum[15]
      • subsect. Dumosi (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[9]
      • subsect. Heterophylli (Nees) Semple[8]
      • subsect. Porteriani (Rydb.) G.L.Nesom[16]
      • subsect. Symphyotrichum
        • series Punicei (House) Semple[8]
        • series Symphyotrichum
Type species
Clade Type species Source
Genus Symphyotrichum S. novi-belgii [13]
Subgenus Chapmaniana S. chapmanii [8]
Subgenus Astropolium S. tenuifolium [8]
Subgenus Virgulus S. concolor [10]
Section Ericoidei S. ericoides [11]
Section Patentes S. patens [11]
Subsection Brachyphylli S. walteri [11]
Subsection Patentes S. patens [11]
Section Grandiflori S. grandiflorum [7]
Subsection Mexicanae S. moranense [7]
Subsection Grandiflori S. grandiflorum [7]
Section Polyliguli S. novae-angliae [8]
Section Concolores S. concolor [12]
Subgenus Ascendentes S. ascendens [8]
Subgenus Symphyotrichum S. novi-belgii [15]
Section Conyzopsis S. ciliatum [14]
Section Occidentales S. spathulatum [14]
Section Turbinelli S. turbinellum [8]
Section Symphyotrichum S. novi-belgii [15]
Subsection Dumosi S. dumosum [9]
Subsection Heterophylli S. cordifolium [8]
Series Concinni S. laeve [8]
Series Cordifolii S. cordifolium [8]
Subsection Porteriani S. porteri [16]
Subsection Symphyotrichum S. novi-belgii
Series Punicei S. puniceum [8]
Series Symphyotrichum S. novi-belgii
Species classifications


Species list edit

Subgenus Chapmaniana edit

Subgenus Chapmaniana (Semple) Semple[8] – one species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s)
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
S. chapmanii
 
 (Torr. & A.Gray)
Semple & Brouillet 		Aster chapmanii 1841 Savanna aster  G2  Wetlands, bogs, acid swamps
0–30 m (0–100 ft)
 
[21]

Subgenus Astropolium edit

Subgenus Astropolium (Nutt.) Semple[8] – twelve species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties NS
[20]		 Habitat Distribution
[17]
S. divaricatum
 
 (Nutt.)
G.L.Nesom 		Tripolium divaricatum 1840 Southern annual saltmarsh aster[22]  G5  Marshy habitats, roadsides, lawns, and waste places
0–1,500 m (0–4,921 ft)[19]
 
[23][22]
S. glabrifolium
 
 (DC.)
G.L.Nesom 		Erigeron glabrifolius 1836  NL  Wet meadows and stream edges
1,500–2,400 m (4,920–7,870 ft)[24]
 
[24]
S. graminifolium
 
 (Spreng.)
G.L.Nesom 		Conyza graminifolia 1826  NL  Humid places[25]
 
S. martii
 
 (Baker)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster martii 1882  NL  Cerrado savanna, grasslands[26]
 
[26]
S. parviflorum
 
 (Nees)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster parviflorus 1818 Southwestern annual saltmarsh aster[27]  NL  Marshy habitats and roadsides
0–1,100 m (0–3,609 ft)[28]
 
[29]
S. patagonicum
 (Cabrera)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster patagonicus 1971  NL  Mallines and lagoon edges
500–2,500 m (1,640–8,200 ft)[30]
 
[30]
S. peteroanum
 
 (Phil.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster peteroanus 1894  NL  Humid montane ecosystems
1,000–2,200 m (3,280–7,220 ft)[31]
 
[31]
S. potosinum
 
 (A.Gray)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster potosinus 1880 Santa Rita Mountain aster[19]  G2  Muddy and wet soils on stream banks
1,500–1,900 m (4,920–6,230 ft)[19]
 
[20][32]
S. regnellii
 
 (Baker)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster regnellii 1882  NL  Swamps or damp savanna soils[33]
 
[33][17]
S. subulatum
 
 (Michx.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster subulatus 1803
  • Annual saltmarsh aster
  • Eastern annual saltmarsh aster[19]

Three varieties[34]
  • S. s. var. subulatum
  • S. s. var. elongatum (Bahaman aster)
  • S. s. var. squamatum (southeastern annual saltmarsh aster)
 G5  Brackish marshes, salt marshes, roadsides
0–4,000 m (0–13,120 ft)[34]
 
S. tenuifolium
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster tenuifolius 1753 Perennial saltmarsh aster[19]

Two varieties[35]
  • S. t. var. tenuifolium
  • S. t. var. aphyllum (Brace’s aster)
 G5  Coastal salt marshes, brackish marshes, low pine woods
0–10 m (0–30 ft)[35]
 
S. vahlii
 
 (Gaudich.)
G.L.Nesom 		Erigeron vahlii 1825
  • Margarita
  • Marsh daisy[36]

Two varieties[17]
  • S. v. var. vahlii
  • S. v. var. tenuifolium
 NL  Grassland, heathland, peaty soil, sandy soil
20–1,200 m (70–3,940 ft)[37]
 

Subgenus Virgulus edit

Subgenus Virgulus (Raf.) G.L.Nesom[10]

Section Ericoidei edit

Section Ericoidei (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[11] – two species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat Distribution
S. ericoides
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster ericoides 1753 White heath aster

Two varieties[17]
  • S. e. var. ericoides
  • S. e. var. pansum
 G5  Open locations with sandy, gravelly, or disturbed soil
30–2,400 m (100–7,870 ft)[38]
 
[17][39]
S. falcatum
 
 (Lindl.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster falcatus 1834
  • Western heath aster
  • White prairie aster

Two varieties[17]
  • S. f. var. falcatum
  • S. f. var. commutatum
 G5  Well-drained soils, stream banks and slopes, and others
200–2,500 m (660–8,200 ft)[38]
 
[17][40]

Section Patentes edit

Section Patentes (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[11]

Subsection Brachyphylli edit
Subsection Brachyphylli (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[11] – two species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s)
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. adnatum
 
 (Nutt.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster adnatus 1834 Scaleleaf aster  G4  Sandy soils, scrub, woods
0–100 m (0–330 ft)
 
S. walteri
 
 (Alexander)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster walteri 1933 Walter's aster  G4  Sandy and clay soils, woods edges, open areas
0–100 m (0–330 ft)
 
Subsection Patentes edit
Subsection Patentes – three species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. georgianum
 
 (Alexander)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster georgianus 1933 Georgia aster  G3  Sandy or clay soil, woodlands, mostly Piedmont
0–300 m (0–980 ft)
 
S. patens
 
 (Aiton)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster patens 1789
  • Late purple aster
  • Spreading aster

Three varieties[17]
  • S. p. var. patens
  • S. p. var. gracile
  • S. p. var. patentissimum
 G5  Dry woodlands, sandy or clay soils, fields
0–1,000 m (0–3,280 ft)[38]
 
[17][41]
S. phlogifolium
 
 (Muhl. ex Willd.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster phlogifolius 1803 Thinleaf late purple aster  G5  Various soils, rich mesic hardwood forests
0–1,100 m (0–3,610 ft)
 

Section Grandiflori edit

Section Grandiflori (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[7]

Subsection Mexicanae edit
Subsection Mexicanae G.L.Nesom[7] – seven species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) NS
[20]		 Habitat Distribution
S. bimater
 
 (Standl. & Steyerm.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster bimater 1944  NL  Pine-oak woods, ravines, slopes, grassy openings
1,000–2,150 m (3,280–7,050 ft)[42]
 
[42]
S. chihuahuense G.L.Nesom 2018  NL  Grassland, oak-pine woods
1,800–2,500 m (5,910–8,200 ft)[43]
 
[43]
S. hintonii
 
 (G.L.Nesom)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster hintonii 1989  NL  Oak and oak-pine woods
1,400–2,200 m (4,590–7,220 ft)[44]
 
[44]
S. moranense
 
 (Kunth)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster moranensis 1818  NL  Grassland, woodlands
1,000–2,750 m (3,280–9,020 ft)[45]
 
[45]
S. purpurascens (Sch.Bip.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster purpurascens 1854  NL  Open woods
1,500–2,850 m (4,920–9,350 ft)[46]
 
[43]
S. trilineatum
 
 (Sch.Bip. ex Klatt)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster trilineatus 1884  NL  Mountains (sierra)[47]
975–2,840 m (3,200–9,320 ft)[48]
 
[48][17]
S. turneri
 
 (S.D.Sundb. & A.G.Jones)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster moranensis var. turneri 1986  NL  Woods, along waterways, and in wet pastures
2,050–2,750 m (6,730–9,020 ft)[44]
 
[44]
Subsection Grandiflori edit
Subsection Grandiflori (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[7] – eight species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s)
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. campestre
  		(Nutt.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster campestris 1840 Western meadow aster  G5  Dry habitats, rocky and sandy soils near ponds and streams
1,500–2,500 m (4,920–8,200 ft)
 
S. estesii
  		Semple[49] 2019[49]
  • May Prairie aster
  • Estes's aster[50]
  G1  Hydroxeric soils in open, sunny, flat prairies
Approx. 330 m (1,070 ft)[b][51]		 May Prairie State
Natural Area
Coffee County,
Tennessee (US)[50]
 
S. fendleri
 
 (A.Gray)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster fendleri 1849 Fendler's aster  G4  Open, sandy, silty, shaly, often rocky soils and similar
600–2,000 m (1,970–6,560 ft)
 
S. fontinale
 
 (Alexander)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster fontinalis 1933 Florida water aster  G3  Marshes, sandhills, hammocks, flood plains, streams
0–50 m (0–160 ft)
 
[52][53][54]
S. grandiflorum
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster grandiflorus 1753 Large-flowered aster  G4  Sandy soils and hills, thickets, roadsides
0–200 m (0–660 ft) and higher
 
S. oblongifolium
 
 (Nutt.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster oblongifolius 1818
  • Aromatic aster
  • Oblong-leaved aster
  G5  Open and dry, rocky or sandy soils
100–1,500 m (330–4,920 ft)
 
[19]
S. pygmaeum
 
 (Lindl.)
Brouillet & Selliah 		Aster pygmaeus 1834 Pygmy aster  G4  Sandy or silty wet areas, gravelly tundra, tundra slopes
0–200 m (0–660 ft)
 
[55]
S. yukonense
 
 (Cronquist)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster yukonensis 1945 Yukon aster  G3  Mud flats, rocky or silty lakeshores
300–1,500 m (980–4,920 ft)
 
[56]

Section Polyliguli edit

Section Polyliguli (Semple & Brouillet) Semple[8] – one species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s)
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[19]
S. novae-angliae
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster novae-angliae 1753 New England aster  G5  Open, typically moist habitats
0–1,600 m (0–5,250 ft)
 

Section Concolores edit

Section Concolores (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[12] – five species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. concolor
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster concolor 1753 Eastern silver aster

Two varieties[17]
  • S. c. var. concolor
  • S. c. var. devestitum
 G5  Scrub, flatwoods, fields, roadsides
0–600 m (0–1,970 ft)[38]
 
S. lucayanum
 
 (Britton)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster lucayanus 1906 Pineland aster[57]  NL  Pine woodlands and wetland edges[57]
0–12 m (0–40 ft)[c]		 Endemic to the island of Grand Bahama[57]
 
S. plumosum
 
 (Small)
Semple 		Aster plumosus 1924  G2  Deep, sandy soils, pine flatwoods, pine-scrub oak woods
0–40 m (0–130 ft)
 
[20]
S. pratense
 
 (Raf.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster pratensis 1817 Barrens silky aster  G4  Prairies and fields, woodland and scrub, roadsides
0–500 m (0–1,640 ft)
 
S. sericeum
 
 (Vent.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster sericeus 1800 Western silvery aster  G5  Many open habitats
100–500 m (330–1,640 ft)
 

Subgenus Virgulus named hybrids edit

Subgenus Virgulus named hybrids – three
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) Parents Habitat Distribution
[17]
S. × amethystinum
 
 (Nutt.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster amethystinus 1840 Amethyst aster[58] S. ericoides ×
S. novae-angliae[59]		 Prairies or fields, disturbed ground, near parent plants
200–400 m (660–1,310 ft)[58]
 
S. × batesii (Rydb.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster batesii 1931 S. ericoides ×
S. oblongifolium[60]
 
S. × columbianum (Piper)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster columbianus 1913 S. campestre ×
S. ericoides[61]
 

Subgenus Ascendentes edit

This subgenus contains two allopolyploid species derived from the historic hybridization of plants from the subgenera Symphyotrichum and Virgulus.[62]

Subgenus Ascendentes (Rydb.) Semple[8] – two species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s)
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat Distribution
S. ascendens
 
 (Lindl.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster ascendens 1834
  • Long-leaved aster
  • Intermountain aster
  • Western aster
  G5  Grasslands, sagebrush steppe, meadows
500–3,200 m (1,640–10,500 ft)[19]
 
[17]
S. defoliatum
 
 (Parish)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster defoliatus 1904 San Bernardino aster  G2  Seeps, marshes, swamps, meadows, montane forests, coastal scrubs[63]
0–2,050 m (0–6,730 ft)[64]
 
[64]

Subgenus Symphyotrichum edit

Section Conyzopsis edit

The three species in section Conyzopsis have reduced or absent ray florets.[65]

Section Conyzopsis (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[14] – three species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s)
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[19]
S. ciliatum
 
 (Ledeb.)
G.L.Nesom 		Erigeron ciliatus 1829
  • Rayless annual aster
  • Rayless alkali aster
  G5  Moist prairies, steppes, salty areas (natural or manmade)
0–2,000 m (0–6,560 ft)
 
[17]
S. frondosum
 
 (Nutt.)
G.L.Nesom 		Tripolium frondosum 1840 Short-rayed alkali aster  G4  Wet meadows, marshes, saline conditions
10–2,200 m (30–7,220 ft)
 
S. laurentianum
 
 (Fernald)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster laurentianus 1914 Gulf of St. Lawrence aster  G1  Brackish or salty marshes, shores, and dunes
Sea level (0 m (0 ft))
 

Section Occidentales edit

Section Occidentales (Rydb.) G.L.Nesom[14] – eleven species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. chilense
 
 (Nees)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster chilensis 1832
  • Pacific aster
  • Common California aster
  G5  Coastal salt marshes, dunes and banks, grasslands, coniferous forests
0–500 m (0–1,640 ft)
 
[19][66]
S. eatonii
 
 (A.Gray)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster foliaceus var. eatonii 1884 Eaton's aster  G5  Sunny wetlands
500–3,100 m (1,640–10,170 ft)
 
S. foliaceum
 
 (Lindl. ex DC.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster foliaceus 1836
  • Alpine leafybract aster
  • Leafy aster
  • Leafy-bracted aster

Five varieties[17]
  • S. f. var. foliaceum
  • S. f. var. apricum
  • S. f. var. canbyi
  • S. f. var. cusickii (Cusick's aster)[d][67]
  • S. f. var. parryi
 G5  Meadows, open areas in woods, slopes, grasslands
1,000–3,600 m (3,280–11,810 ft)[38][67]
 
S. greatae
 
 (Parish)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster greatae 1902 Greata's aster[68]  G2  Damp places in canyons of the south slopes of the San Gabriel Mountains of California
300–2,000 m (980–6,560 ft)[68]
 
[68]
S. hallii
 
 (A.Gray)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster hallii 1872 Hall's aster  G4  Grasslands and meadows with summer dryness
0–500 m (0–1,640 ft)
 
[69][19]
S. hendersonii
 
 (Fernald)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster hendersonii 1895 Henderson's aster  G4  Meadows, forest openings, banks
1,000–1,500 m (3,280–4,920 ft) and higher
 
[19]
S. jessicae
 
 (Piper)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster jessicae 1898 Jessica's aster  G2  Dry grasslands, meadows, banks, woodland openings
500–1,200 m (1,640–3,940 ft)
 
[19][70]
S. lentum
 
 (Greene)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster lentus 1894 Suisun marsh aster  G2  Freshwater marshes and swamps[71]
0–300 m (0–980 ft)[72]
 
[71]
S. molle
 
 (Rydb.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster mollis 1901 Soft aster  G3  Dry montane meadows
2,000–3,000 m (6,560–9,840 ft)
 
[73][19]
S. spathulatum
 
 (Lindl.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster spathulatus 1834 Western mountain aster

Three varieties[74]
  • S. s. var. spathulatum
  • S. s. var. intermedium
  • S. s. var. yosemitanum (western bog aster)
 G5  Montane meadows, open woodlands
100–2,900 m (330–9,510 ft)[74]
 
S. subspicatum
 
 (Nees)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster subspicatus 1832 Douglas's aster  G5  Disturbed and weedy open areas, marshes, thickets
0–1,000 m (0–3,280 ft)
 

Section Turbinelli edit

Section Turbinelli (Rydb.) Semple[8] – one species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s)
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[19]
S. turbinellum
 
 (Lindl.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster turbinellus 1835 Prairie aster  G4  Generally dry, acidic soils
60–900 m (200–2,950 ft)
 

Section Symphyotrichum edit

Subsection Dumosi edit
Subsection Dumosi (Torr. & A.Gray) G.L.Nesom[9] – seventeen species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. boreale
 
 (Torr. & A.Gray)
Á.Löve & D.Löve 		Aster laxifolius var. borealis 1841
  • Rush aster
  • Slender white aster
  • Northern bog aster
  G5  Calcareous areas, wetland areas
0–1,500 m (0–4,920 ft)
 
S. bullatum
 
 (Klatt)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster bullatus 1894  NL  Wet ledges[75]
37–1,750 m (120–5,740 ft)[76]
 
S. burgessii
 
 (Britton)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster burgessii 1914  NL  Rocky river banks[77]
 
[78][17]
S. carnerosanum
 
 (S.Watson)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster carnerosanus 1891  NL  495–2,850 m (1,620–9,350 ft)[79]
 
S. dumosum
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster dumosus 1753 Bushy aster  G5  Wetlands, muddy or mucky areas, sand, woods
0–700 m (0–2,300 ft)
 
S. eulae
 
 (Shinners)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster eulae 1950 Eula's aster  G4  Part shade, soils with clay or silt, bottom areas or stream banks
0–100 m (0–330 ft)
 
Endemic to Texas
[80][81][e]
S. lanceolatum
 
 (Willd.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster lanceolatus 1803
  • Lance-leaved aster
  • Panicled aster
  • White panicled aster

Five varieties[83]
  • S. l. var. lanceolatum
  • S. l. var. hesperium
  • S. l. var. hirsuticaule
  • S. l. var. interior
  • S. l. var. latifolium
 G5  Stream banks, thickets, borders, ditches, meadows, mucky soils (depending on variety)
10–2,700 m (30–8,860 ft)[83]
 
[17][84]
S. lateriflorum
 
 (L.)
Á.Löve & D.Löve 		Solidago lateriflora 1753
  • Calico aster
  • White woodland aster
  • Side-flowering aster
  G5  Mostly shade, dry to humid soils, woodland edges
0–400 m (0–1,310 ft)
 
S. leone
 
 (Britton)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster leonis 1920  NL  Marshes[85]
 
S. nahanniense
 
 (Cody)
Semple 		Aster nahanniensis 1974 Nahanni aster  G3  Stream banks near hot mineral springs
About 1,000 m (3,280 ft) 		Nahanni National
Park Reserve
Northwest Territories
(Canada)[86][19]
 
S. ontarionis
 
 (Wiegand)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster ontarionis 1928
  • Ontario aster
  • Bottomland aster

Two varieties[17]
  • S. o. var. ontarionis
  • S. o. var. glabratum
 G5  Moist soils or shores, other wetlands, field edges
10–300 m (30–980 ft)[38]
 
S. praealtum
 
 (Poir.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster praealtus 1811
  • Willowleaf aster
  • Willow aster
  G5  Usually moist and wet areas
0–400 m (0–1,310 ft)
 
[19]
S. racemosum
 
 (Elliott)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster racemosus 1823
  • Small white aster
  • Smooth white oldfield aster
  G4  Moist to wet, often brackish, soils
0–200 m (0–660 ft)
 
[19]
S. schaffneri
 
 (S.D.Sundb. & A.G.Jones)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster schaffneri 1986  NL  Disturbed oak forests, secondary vegetation areas, mountain mesophilic forests, rich black or brown soils[87]
120–2,500 m (390–8,200 ft)[88]
 
[89]
S. simmondsii
 
 (Small)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster simmondsii 1913 Simmonds' aster  G4  Moist to dry soils
0–50 m (0–160 ft)
 
[90]
S. tradescantii
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster tradescantii 1753
  • Tradescant's aster
  • Shore aster
  G4  Shores, streams, freshwater estuaries
0–200 m (0–660 ft)
 
S. welshii
 
 (Cronquist)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster welshii 1994 Welsh's aster  G2  Wet soils in dry areas
1,300–2,300 m (4,270–7,550 ft)
 
Subsection Heterophylli edit

Subsection Heterophylli (Nees) Semple[8]

Series Concinni edit
Series Concinni (Nees) Semple[8] – two species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
S. laeve
 
 (L.)
Á.Löve & D.Löve 		Aster laevis 1753 Smooth aster

Four varieties[91]
  • S. l. var. laeve
  • S. l. var. concinnum
  • S. l. var. geyeri (Geyer’s aster)
  • S. l. var. purpuratum
 G5  Open and dry habitats
0–2,400 m (0–7,870 ft)
 
[17][92][93]
S. oolentangiense
 
 (Riddell)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster oolentangiensis 1835
  • Azure aster
  • Skyblue aster
  G5  Dry or dry to wet habitats
50–500 m (160–1,640 ft)
 
[17][19]
Series Cordifolii edit
Series Cordifolii (G.Don in Loudon) Semple[8] – seven species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. anomalum
 
 (Engelm.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster anomalus 1843 Manyray aster  G4  Dry soils over limestone, acid soils
50–500 m (160–1,640 ft)
 
[19]
S. ciliolatum
 
 (Lindl.)
Á.Löve & D.Löve 		Aster ciliolatus 1836
  • Lindley's aster
  • Fringed blue aster
  G5  Rich, open deciduous forests, trails, stream banks
0–2,000 m (0–6,560 ft)
 
S. cordifolium
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster cordifolius 1753
  • Heartleaf aster
  • Common blue wood aster
  G5  Mostly rich, moist soils and woods
0–1,200 m (0–3,940 ft)
 
S. drummondii
 
 (Lindl.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster drummondii 1835 Drummond's aster

Two varieties[94]
  • S. d. var. drummondii
  • S. d. var. texanum (Texas aster)
 G5  Old fields, woodlands, savannas depending on variety[95]
0–500 m (0–1,640 ft)[94]
 
[17][38]
S. shortii
 
 (Lindl.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster shortii 1834 Short's aster  G5  Thin rocky soils of woodlands and thickets often around limestone bluffs
100–500 m (330–1,640 ft)
 
S. undulatum
 
 (L.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster undulatus 1753 Wavyleaf aster  G5  Dry or well-drained loamy or rocky soils
200–1,500 m (660–4,920 ft)
 
S. urophyllum
 
 (Lindl.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster urophyllus 1836
  • White arrowleaf aster
  • Arrowleaf aster
  G4  Open, dry to mesic habitats
40–300 m (130–980 ft) and higher
 
Subsection Porteriani edit
Subsection Porteriani (Rydb.) G.L.Nesom[16] – five species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. depauperatum
 
 (Fernald)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster depauperatus 1908
  • Serpentine aster
  • Starved aster
  G2  Serpentine or diabasic soils
400–1,000 m (1,310–3,280 ft)
 
[96][20][17]
S. kentuckiense
 
 (Britton)
Medley[97]		 Aster kentuckiensis 1901
 G4 
[100]		 Limestone cedar glades and limestone roadsides[101]
 
[102][101]
S. parviceps
 
 (E.S.Burgess)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster ericoides var. parviceps 1898
  • Smallhead aster
  • Small white aster
  G4  Dry, sandy, or loamy soils; barrens, fields, roadsides, old cemeteries
200–400 m (660–1,310 ft)
 
S. pilosum
 
 (Willd.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster pilosus 1803
  • Hairy aster
  • Frost aster
  • Hairy white oldfield aster

Two varieties[103]
  • S. p. var. pilosum
  • S. p. var. pringlei (Pringle's aster)
 G5  Various and many, depending on variety
0–1,100 m (0–3,610 ft)
 
[103]
S. porteri
 
 (A.Gray)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster porteri 1881
  • Porter's aster
  • Smooth white aster
  G3  Rocky Mountain foothills
1,800–2,900 m (5,910–9,510 ft)
 
[104][19]
Subsection Symphyotrichum edit
Series Punicei edit
Series Punicei (House) Semple[8] – five species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. elliottii
 
 (Torr. & A.Gray)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster elliottii 1841 Elliott's aster  G4  Swamps, bogs, marshes, brackish marshes
0–50 m (0–160 ft)
 
[19]
S. firmum
 
 (Nees)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster firmus 1818 Glossy-leaved aster  G5  Wet soils, fens, marshes
100–400 m (330–1,310 ft)
 
S. prenanthoides
 
 (Muhl. ex Willd.)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster prenanthoides 1803 Crookedstem aster  G4  Mostly wetlands such as swamps and seeps
100–1,500 m (330–4,920 ft)
 
S. puniceum
 
 (L.)
Á.Löve & D.Löve 		Aster puniceus 1753
  • Purplestem aster
  • Red-stemmed aster
  • Swamp aster

Two varieties[105]
  • S. p. var. puniceum
  • S. p. var. scabricaule (roughstem aster)
 G5  Wetlands
0–2,000 m (0–6,560 ft)[105]
 
S. rhiannon
 
 Weakley & Govus 2004
  • Rhiannon's aster
  • Buck Creek aster[20]
  G1  Serpentine barrens
900–1,300 m (2,950–4,270 ft) 		Buck Creek
Serpentine Barrens,[106]
Clay County,
North Carolina (US)[107]
 
Series Symphyotrichum edit
Series Symphyotrichum – four species
Scientific name
and picture 		Author citation
[17]		 Basionym
[18]		 Year
[18]		 Common name(s) and varieties
[19]		 NS
[20]		 Habitat
[19]		 Distribution
[17]
S. anticostense
 
 (Fernald)
G.L.Nesom 		Aster anticostensis 1915 Anticosti aster  G3  Calcareous river shores, limestone lake shores
0–100 m (0–330 ft)
 
April 08, 2024
list, symphyotrichum, species, symphyotrichum, genus, flowering, plants, tribe, astereae, which, includes, commonly, cultivated, york, aster, novi, belgii, england, aster, novae, angliae, species, widespread, americas, including, north, subarctic, north, ameri. Symphyotrichum is a genus of flowering plants in the tribe Astereae which includes the commonly cultivated New York aster S novi belgii and New England aster S novae angliae Its species are widespread in the Americas including as far north as subarctic North America to as far south as Chile Argentina and the Falkland Islands One species has a native range extending into eastern Eurasia Symphyotrichum genusSome Symphyotrichum species left right top bottom are shown S carnerosanum S chilense S adnatum S lateriflorum S concolor S ericoides S defoliatum S ciliatum S novae angliae Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade AsteridsOrder AsteralesFamily AsteraceaeSubfamily AsteroideaeTribe AstereaeSubtribe SymphyotrichinaeGenus SymphyotrichumNeesMost of the species in the genus are perennials The flower heads have white pink purple or blue ray florets surrounding white to yellow disk florets The disk floret corollas become pink purple or brown after pollination The three species in section Conyzopsis have reduced or absent ray florets Symphyotrichum is the type genus of subtribe Symphyotrichinae There are 98 species in the genus some with varieties and thirteen named hybrids The genus is split into five subgenera Chapmaniana Astropolium Virgulus Ascendentes and Symphyotrichum Most of the species had been classified within the genus Aster until it was confirmed to be polyphyletic The American asters now are separated into monophyletic genera based on multiple phylogenetic studies Contents 1 Conventions 2 Classification 2 1 Classification of Symphyotrichum 2 2 Classification within Symphyotrichum 3 Species list 3 1 Subgenus Chapmaniana 3 2 Subgenus Astropolium 3 3 Subgenus Virgulus 3 3 1 Section Ericoidei 3 3 2 Section Patentes 3 3 2 1 Subsection Brachyphylli 3 3 2 2 Subsection Patentes 3 3 3 Section Grandiflori 3 3 3 1 Subsection Mexicanae 3 3 3 2 Subsection Grandiflori 3 3 4 Section Polyliguli 3 3 5 Section Concolores 3 3 6 Subgenus Virgulus named hybrids 3 4 Subgenus Ascendentes 3 5 Subgenus Symphyotrichum 3 5 1 Section Conyzopsis 3 5 2 Section Occidentales 3 5 3 Section Turbinelli 3 5 4 Section Symphyotrichum 3 5 4 1 Subsection Dumosi 3 5 4 2 Subsection Heterophylli 3 5 4 2 1 Series Concinni 3 5 4 2 2 Series Cordifolii 3 5 4 3 Subsection Porteriani 3 5 4 4 Subsection Symphyotrichum 3 5 4 4 1 Series Punicei 3 5 4 4 2 Series Symphyotrichum 3 5 5 Subgenus Symphyotrichum named hybrids 4 Notes 5 Citations 6 ReferencesConventions editNatureServe conservation categories NatureServe conservation categoriesConservation status GX Presumed Extinct 0 species GH Possibly Extinct 0 species G1 Critically Imperiled 3 species G2 Imperiled 9 species G3 Vulnerable 7 species G4 Apparently Secure 21 species G5 Secure 37 species Other categories GNA Not Applicable 8 species GNR Not Ranked 0 species NL Not listed 25 species Conservation status codes follow the NatureServe conservation NS rounded global status scheme Hybrids have a column for parents in place of conservation status Not listed NL is not a NatureServe category but is used here to represent those left out of global status rankings up to G5 including GNA and GNR and those not in NatureServe Type species for each clade are in a separate table Legend Scientific nameand picture Author citation Basionym Year Common name s and varieties NS Habitat DistributionAbbreviated scientific name link to species article a and picture if available Author citation Basionym Year of the original species description Common name s and varieties if applicable NatureServe rounded global conservation status Habitat Distribution mapClassification editClassification of Symphyotrichum edit Subtribe Symphyotrichinae contains six genera In addition to Symphyotrichum these are Almutaster Ampelaster Canadanthus Psilactis 1 and Sanrobertia 2 with Symphyotrichum being the largest at 98 species and thirteen named hybrids The cladogram presented here for the subtribe is based on a combination of cytotaxonomic and morphologic data reported in multiple studies 1 2 3 Symphyotrichum is the type genus of the subtribe 4 Astereae Symphyotrichinae Canadanthus ref 1 818 Ampelaster ref 1 818 Sanrobertia ref 2 1 Almutaster ref 1 818 Psilactis ref 1 818 Symphyotrichum ref 1 818 other subtribes Cladogram references a b c d e Morgan D R Holland B 2012 Systematics of Symphyotrichinae Asteraceae Astereae Disagreements Between Two Nuclear Regions Suggest a Complex Evolutionary History Systematic Botany 37 3 American Society of Plant Taxonomists 818 832 doi 10 1600 036364412X648760 JSTOR 41515169 S2CID 84007309 Nesom G L 2018 Aster gypsophilus Asteraceae Segregated as the Monotypic Genus Sanrobertia PDF Phytoneuron 2018 25 Fort Worth Texas 1 8 ISSN 2153 733X Retrieved 25 November 2020 Classification within Symphyotrichum edit Most of the species had been classified within the genus Aster until it was confirmed to be polyphyletic The American asters were then separated based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic studies 5 6 S novae angliae and S turbinellum are monotypic within sections S novae angliae is classified in the subgenus Virgulus In 1994 it was placed in section Grandiflori subsection Polyligulae 7 In 2002 it was segregated within its own section Polyliguli 8 The list follows the 2002 circumscription of section Polyliguli for the species S turbinellum is classified in the subgenus Symphyotrichum It has been placed within its own section Turbinelli 8 It was previously placed in section Symphyotrichum subsection Turbinelli 9 The list follows the more recent circumscription of section Turbinelli for the species Clades Symphyotrichum subg Chapmaniana Semple Semple 8 Symphyotrichum subg Astropolium Nutt Semple 8 Symphyotrichum subg Virgulus Raf G L Nesom 10 sect Ericoidei Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 11 sect Patentes Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 11 subsect Brachyphylli Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 11 subsect Patentes 11 sect Grandiflori Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 7 subsect Mexicanae G L Nesom 7 subsect Grandiflori Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 7 sect Polyliguli Semple amp Brouillet Semple 8 sect Concolores Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 12 Symphyotrichum subg Ascendentes Rydb Semple 8 Symphyotrichum subg Symphyotrichum 13 sect Conyzopsis Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 14 sect Occidentales Rydb G L Nesom 14 sect Turbinelli Rydb Semple 8 sect Symphyotrichum 15 subsect Dumosi Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 9 subsect Heterophylli Nees Semple 8 series Concinni Nees Semple 8 series Cordifolii G Don in Loudon Semple 8 subsect Porteriani Rydb G L Nesom 16 subsect Symphyotrichum series Punicei House Semple 8 series SymphyotrichumType species Clade Type species SourceGenus Symphyotrichum S novi belgii 13 Subgenus Chapmaniana S chapmanii 8 Subgenus Astropolium S tenuifolium 8 Subgenus Virgulus S concolor 10 Section Ericoidei S ericoides 11 Section Patentes S patens 11 Subsection Brachyphylli S walteri 11 Subsection Patentes S patens 11 Section Grandiflori S grandiflorum 7 Subsection Mexicanae S moranense 7 Subsection Grandiflori S grandiflorum 7 Section Polyliguli S novae angliae 8 Section Concolores S concolor 12 Subgenus Ascendentes S ascendens 8 Subgenus Symphyotrichum S novi belgii 15 Section Conyzopsis S ciliatum 14 Section Occidentales S spathulatum 14 Section Turbinelli S turbinellum 8 Section Symphyotrichum S novi belgii 15 Subsection Dumosi S dumosum 9 Subsection Heterophylli S cordifolium 8 Series Concinni S laeve 8 Series Cordifolii S cordifolium 8 Subsection Porteriani S porteri 16 Subsection Symphyotrichum S novi belgiiSeries Punicei S puniceum 8 Series Symphyotrichum S novi belgii Species classifications Symphyotrichum subg Chapmaniana ref 2 133 S chapmaniisubg Astropolium ref 2 133 S divaricatumS glabrifoliumS graminifoliumS martiiS parviflorumS patagonicumS peteroanumS potosinumS regnelliiS subulatumS tenuifoliumS vahliisubg Virgulus ref 1 272 sect Ericoidei ref 1 274 S ericoidesS falcatumsect Patentes ref 1 274 ssect Brachyphylli ref 1 274 S adnatumS walterissect Patentes ref 1 274 S georgianumS patensS phlogifoliumsect Grandiflori ref 1 273 ssect Mexicanae ref 1 273 S bimaterS chihuahuenseS hintoniiS moranenseS purpurascensS trilineatumS turnerissect Grandiflori ref 1 273 S campestreS estesiiS fendleriS fontinaleS grandiflorumS oblongifoliumS pygmaeumS yukonensesect Polyliguli ref 2 133 S novae angliaesect Concolores ref 1 275 S concolorS lucayanumS plumosumS pratenseS sericeumsubg Ascendentes ref 3 ref 2 133 S ascendensS defoliatumsubg Symphyotrichum ref 1 267 sect Conyzopsis ref 1 271 S ciliatumS frondosumS laurentianumsect Occidentales ref 1 271 S chilenseS eatoniiS foliaceumS greataeS halliiS hendersoniiS jessicaeS lentumS molleS spathulatumS subspicatumsect Turbinelli ref 2 133 S turbinellumsect Symphyotrichum ref 1 268 ssect Dumosi ref 1 269 S borealeS bullatumS burgessiiS carnerosanumS dumosumS eulaeS lanceolatumS lateriflorumS leoneS nahannienseS ontarionisS praealtumS racemosumS schaffneriS simmondsiiS tradescantiiS welshiissect Heterophylli ref 2 133 ser Concinni ref 2 133 S laeveS oolentangienseser Cordifolii ref 2 133 S anomalumS ciliolatumS cordifoliumS drummondiiS shortiiS undulatumS urophyllumssect Porteriani ref 1 270 S depauperatumS kentuckienseS parvicepsS pilosumS porterissect Symphyotrichum ser Punicei ref 2 133 S elliottiiS firmumS prenanthoidesS puniceumS rhiannonser Symphyotrichum S anticostenseS novi belgiiS retroflexumS robynsianumCladogram references a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Nesom G L September 1994 Review of the Taxonomy of Aster sensu lato Asteraceae Astereae Emphasizing the New World Species Phytologia 77 3 published 31 January 1995 141 297 ISSN 0031 9430 Retrieved 23 August 2021 via Biodiversity Heritage Library a b c d e f g h i Semple J C Heard S B Brouillet L 2002 Cultivated and Native Asters of Ontario Compositae Astereae University of Waterloo Biology Series 41 Ontario University of Waterloo 1 134 Sugbenus Ascendentes is made up of two allopolyploid species with historic parents from subg Virgulus and subg Symphyotrichum Species list editSubgenus Chapmaniana edit Subgenus Chapmaniana Semple Semple 8 one species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 DistributionS chapmanii nbsp Torr amp A Gray Semple amp Brouillet Aster chapmanii 1841 Savanna aster G2 Wetlands bogs acid swamps0 30 m 0 100 ft nbsp 21 Subgenus Astropolium edit Subgenus Astropolium Nutt Semple 8 twelve species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties NS 20 Habitat Distribution 17 S divaricatum nbsp Nutt G L Nesom Tripolium divaricatum 1840 Southern annual saltmarsh aster 22 G5 Marshy habitats roadsides lawns and waste places0 1 500 m 0 4 921 ft 19 nbsp 23 22 S glabrifolium nbsp DC G L Nesom Erigeron glabrifolius 1836 NL Wet meadows and stream edges1 500 2 400 m 4 920 7 870 ft 24 nbsp 24 S graminifolium nbsp Spreng G L Nesom Conyza graminifolia 1826 NL Humid places 25 nbsp S martii nbsp Baker G L Nesom Aster martii 1882 NL Cerrado savanna grasslands 26 nbsp 26 S parviflorum nbsp Nees G L Nesom Aster parviflorus 1818 Southwestern annual saltmarsh aster 27 NL Marshy habitats and roadsides0 1 100 m 0 3 609 ft 28 nbsp 29 S patagonicum Cabrera G L Nesom Aster patagonicus 1971 NL Mallines and lagoon edges500 2 500 m 1 640 8 200 ft 30 nbsp 30 S peteroanum nbsp Phil G L Nesom Aster peteroanus 1894 NL Humid montane ecosystems1 000 2 200 m 3 280 7 220 ft 31 nbsp 31 S potosinum nbsp A Gray G L Nesom Aster potosinus 1880 Santa Rita Mountain aster 19 G2 Muddy and wet soils on stream banks1 500 1 900 m 4 920 6 230 ft 19 nbsp 20 32 S regnellii nbsp Baker G L Nesom Aster regnellii 1882 NL Swamps or damp savanna soils 33 nbsp 33 17 S subulatum nbsp Michx G L Nesom Aster subulatus 1803 Annual saltmarsh asterEastern annual saltmarsh aster 19 Three varieties 34 S s var subulatumS s var elongatum Bahaman aster S s var squamatum southeastern annual saltmarsh aster G5 Brackish marshes salt marshes roadsides0 4 000 m 0 13 120 ft 34 nbsp S tenuifolium nbsp L G L Nesom Aster tenuifolius 1753 Perennial saltmarsh aster 19 Two varieties 35 S t var tenuifoliumS t var aphyllum Brace s aster G5 Coastal salt marshes brackish marshes low pine woods0 10 m 0 30 ft 35 nbsp S vahlii nbsp Gaudich G L Nesom Erigeron vahlii 1825 MargaritaMarsh daisy 36 Two varieties 17 S v var vahliiS v var tenuifolium NL Grassland heathland peaty soil sandy soil20 1 200 m 70 3 940 ft 37 nbsp Subgenus Virgulus edit Subgenus Virgulus Raf G L Nesom 10 Section Ericoidei edit Section Ericoidei Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 11 two species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat DistributionS ericoides nbsp L G L Nesom Aster ericoides 1753 White heath asterTwo varieties 17 S e var ericoidesS e var pansum G5 Open locations with sandy gravelly or disturbed soil30 2 400 m 100 7 870 ft 38 nbsp 17 39 S falcatum nbsp Lindl G L Nesom Aster falcatus 1834 Western heath asterWhite prairie asterTwo varieties 17 S f var falcatumS f var commutatum G5 Well drained soils stream banks and slopes and others200 2 500 m 660 8 200 ft 38 nbsp 17 40 Section Patentes edit Section Patentes Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 11 Subsection Brachyphylli edit Subsection Brachyphylli Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 11 two species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S adnatum nbsp Nutt G L Nesom Aster adnatus 1834 Scaleleaf aster G4 Sandy soils scrub woods0 100 m 0 330 ft nbsp S walteri nbsp Alexander G L Nesom Aster walteri 1933 Walter s aster G4 Sandy and clay soils woods edges open areas0 100 m 0 330 ft nbsp Subsection Patentes edit Subsection Patentes three species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S georgianum nbsp Alexander G L Nesom Aster georgianus 1933 Georgia aster G3 Sandy or clay soil woodlands mostly Piedmont0 300 m 0 980 ft nbsp S patens nbsp Aiton G L Nesom Aster patens 1789 Late purple asterSpreading asterThree varieties 17 S p var patensS p var gracileS p var patentissimum G5 Dry woodlands sandy or clay soils fields0 1 000 m 0 3 280 ft 38 nbsp 17 41 S phlogifolium nbsp Muhl ex Willd G L Nesom Aster phlogifolius 1803 Thinleaf late purple aster G5 Various soils rich mesic hardwood forests0 1 100 m 0 3 610 ft nbsp Section Grandiflori edit Section Grandiflori Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 7 Subsection Mexicanae edit Subsection Mexicanae G L Nesom 7 seven species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s NS 20 Habitat DistributionS bimater nbsp Standl amp Steyerm G L Nesom Aster bimater 1944 NL Pine oak woods ravines slopes grassy openings1 000 2 150 m 3 280 7 050 ft 42 nbsp 42 S chihuahuense G L Nesom 2018 NL Grassland oak pine woods1 800 2 500 m 5 910 8 200 ft 43 nbsp 43 S hintonii nbsp G L Nesom G L Nesom Aster hintonii 1989 NL Oak and oak pine woods1 400 2 200 m 4 590 7 220 ft 44 nbsp 44 S moranense nbsp Kunth G L Nesom Aster moranensis 1818 NL Grassland woodlands1 000 2 750 m 3 280 9 020 ft 45 nbsp 45 S purpurascens Sch Bip G L Nesom Aster purpurascens 1854 NL Open woods1 500 2 850 m 4 920 9 350 ft 46 nbsp 43 S trilineatum nbsp Sch Bip ex Klatt G L Nesom Aster trilineatus 1884 NL Mountains sierra 47 975 2 840 m 3 200 9 320 ft 48 nbsp 48 17 S turneri nbsp S D Sundb amp A G Jones G L Nesom Aster moranensis var turneri 1986 NL Woods along waterways and in wet pastures2 050 2 750 m 6 730 9 020 ft 44 nbsp 44 Subsection Grandiflori edit Subsection Grandiflori Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 7 eight species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S campestre nbsp Nutt G L Nesom Aster campestris 1840 Western meadow aster G5 Dry habitats rocky and sandy soils near ponds and streams1 500 2 500 m 4 920 8 200 ft nbsp S estesii nbsp Semple 49 2019 49 May Prairie asterEstes s aster 50 G1 Hydroxeric soils in open sunny flat prairiesApprox 330 m 1 070 ft b 51 May Prairie StateNatural AreaCoffee County Tennessee US 50 nbsp S fendleri nbsp A Gray G L Nesom Aster fendleri 1849 Fendler s aster G4 Open sandy silty shaly often rocky soils and similar600 2 000 m 1 970 6 560 ft nbsp S fontinale nbsp Alexander G L Nesom Aster fontinalis 1933 Florida water aster G3 Marshes sandhills hammocks flood plains streams0 50 m 0 160 ft nbsp 52 53 54 S grandiflorum nbsp L G L Nesom Aster grandiflorus 1753 Large flowered aster G4 Sandy soils and hills thickets roadsides0 200 m 0 660 ft and higher nbsp S oblongifolium nbsp Nutt G L Nesom Aster oblongifolius 1818 Aromatic asterOblong leaved aster G5 Open and dry rocky or sandy soils100 1 500 m 330 4 920 ft nbsp 19 S pygmaeum nbsp Lindl Brouillet amp Selliah Aster pygmaeus 1834 Pygmy aster G4 Sandy or silty wet areas gravelly tundra tundra slopes0 200 m 0 660 ft nbsp 55 S yukonense nbsp Cronquist G L Nesom Aster yukonensis 1945 Yukon aster G3 Mud flats rocky or silty lakeshores300 1 500 m 980 4 920 ft nbsp 56 Section Polyliguli edit Section Polyliguli Semple amp Brouillet Semple 8 one species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 19 S novae angliae nbsp L G L Nesom Aster novae angliae 1753 New England aster G5 Open typically moist habitats0 1 600 m 0 5 250 ft nbsp Section Concolores edit Section Concolores Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 12 five species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S concolor nbsp L G L Nesom Aster concolor 1753 Eastern silver asterTwo varieties 17 S c var concolorS c var devestitum G5 Scrub flatwoods fields roadsides0 600 m 0 1 970 ft 38 nbsp S lucayanum nbsp Britton G L Nesom Aster lucayanus 1906 Pineland aster 57 NL Pine woodlands and wetland edges 57 0 12 m 0 40 ft c Endemic to the island of Grand Bahama 57 nbsp S plumosum nbsp Small Semple Aster plumosus 1924 G2 Deep sandy soils pine flatwoods pine scrub oak woods0 40 m 0 130 ft nbsp 20 S pratense nbsp Raf G L Nesom Aster pratensis 1817 Barrens silky aster G4 Prairies and fields woodland and scrub roadsides0 500 m 0 1 640 ft nbsp S sericeum nbsp Vent G L Nesom Aster sericeus 1800 Western silvery aster G5 Many open habitats100 500 m 330 1 640 ft nbsp Subgenus Virgulus named hybrids edit Subgenus Virgulus named hybrids three Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s Parents Habitat Distribution 17 S amethystinum nbsp Nutt G L Nesom Aster amethystinus 1840 Amethyst aster 58 S ericoides S novae angliae 59 Prairies or fields disturbed ground near parent plants200 400 m 660 1 310 ft 58 nbsp S batesii Rydb G L Nesom Aster batesii 1931 S ericoides S oblongifolium 60 nbsp S columbianum Piper G L Nesom Aster columbianus 1913 S campestre S ericoides 61 nbsp Subgenus Ascendentes edit This subgenus contains two allopolyploid species derived from the historic hybridization of plants from the subgenera Symphyotrichum and Virgulus 62 Subgenus Ascendentes Rydb Semple 8 two species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s 19 NS 20 Habitat DistributionS ascendens nbsp Lindl G L Nesom Aster ascendens 1834 Long leaved asterIntermountain asterWestern aster G5 Grasslands sagebrush steppe meadows500 3 200 m 1 640 10 500 ft 19 nbsp 17 S defoliatum nbsp Parish G L Nesom Aster defoliatus 1904 San Bernardino aster G2 Seeps marshes swamps meadows montane forests coastal scrubs 63 0 2 050 m 0 6 730 ft 64 nbsp 64 Subgenus Symphyotrichum edit Section Conyzopsis edit The three species in section Conyzopsis have reduced or absent ray florets 65 Section Conyzopsis Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 14 three species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 19 S ciliatum nbsp Ledeb G L Nesom Erigeron ciliatus 1829 Rayless annual asterRayless alkali aster G5 Moist prairies steppes salty areas natural or manmade 0 2 000 m 0 6 560 ft nbsp 17 S frondosum nbsp Nutt G L Nesom Tripolium frondosum 1840 Short rayed alkali aster G4 Wet meadows marshes saline conditions10 2 200 m 30 7 220 ft nbsp S laurentianum nbsp Fernald G L Nesom Aster laurentianus 1914 Gulf of St Lawrence aster G1 Brackish or salty marshes shores and dunesSea level 0 m 0 ft nbsp Section Occidentales edit Section Occidentales Rydb G L Nesom 14 eleven species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S chilense nbsp Nees G L Nesom Aster chilensis 1832 Pacific asterCommon California aster G5 Coastal salt marshes dunes and banks grasslands coniferous forests0 500 m 0 1 640 ft nbsp 19 66 S eatonii nbsp A Gray G L Nesom Aster foliaceus var eatonii 1884 Eaton s aster G5 Sunny wetlands500 3 100 m 1 640 10 170 ft nbsp S foliaceum nbsp Lindl ex DC G L Nesom Aster foliaceus 1836 Alpine leafybract asterLeafy asterLeafy bracted asterFive varieties 17 S f var foliaceumS f var apricumS f var canbyiS f var cusickii Cusick s aster d 67 S f var parryi G5 Meadows open areas in woods slopes grasslands1 000 3 600 m 3 280 11 810 ft 38 67 nbsp S greatae nbsp Parish G L Nesom Aster greatae 1902 Greata s aster 68 G2 Damp places in canyons of the south slopes of the San Gabriel Mountains of California300 2 000 m 980 6 560 ft 68 nbsp 68 S hallii nbsp A Gray G L Nesom Aster hallii 1872 Hall s aster G4 Grasslands and meadows with summer dryness0 500 m 0 1 640 ft nbsp 69 19 S hendersonii nbsp Fernald G L Nesom Aster hendersonii 1895 Henderson s aster G4 Meadows forest openings banks1 000 1 500 m 3 280 4 920 ft and higher nbsp 19 S jessicae nbsp Piper G L Nesom Aster jessicae 1898 Jessica s aster G2 Dry grasslands meadows banks woodland openings500 1 200 m 1 640 3 940 ft nbsp 19 70 S lentum nbsp Greene G L Nesom Aster lentus 1894 Suisun marsh aster G2 Freshwater marshes and swamps 71 0 300 m 0 980 ft 72 nbsp 71 S molle nbsp Rydb G L Nesom Aster mollis 1901 Soft aster G3 Dry montane meadows2 000 3 000 m 6 560 9 840 ft nbsp 73 19 S spathulatum nbsp Lindl G L Nesom Aster spathulatus 1834 Western mountain asterThree varieties 74 S s var spathulatumS s var intermediumS s var yosemitanum western bog aster G5 Montane meadows open woodlands100 2 900 m 330 9 510 ft 74 nbsp S subspicatum nbsp Nees G L Nesom Aster subspicatus 1832 Douglas s aster G5 Disturbed and weedy open areas marshes thickets0 1 000 m 0 3 280 ft nbsp Section Turbinelli edit Section Turbinelli Rydb Semple 8 one species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 19 S turbinellum nbsp Lindl G L Nesom Aster turbinellus 1835 Prairie aster G4 Generally dry acidic soils60 900 m 200 2 950 ft nbsp Section Symphyotrichum edit Subsection Dumosi edit Subsection Dumosi Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom 9 seventeen species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S boreale nbsp Torr amp A Gray A Love amp D Love Aster laxifolius var borealis 1841 Rush asterSlender white asterNorthern bog aster G5 Calcareous areas wetland areas0 1 500 m 0 4 920 ft nbsp S bullatum nbsp Klatt G L Nesom Aster bullatus 1894 NL Wet ledges 75 37 1 750 m 120 5 740 ft 76 nbsp S burgessii nbsp Britton G L Nesom Aster burgessii 1914 NL Rocky river banks 77 nbsp 78 17 S carnerosanum nbsp S Watson G L Nesom Aster carnerosanus 1891 NL 495 2 850 m 1 620 9 350 ft 79 nbsp S dumosum nbsp L G L Nesom Aster dumosus 1753 Bushy aster G5 Wetlands muddy or mucky areas sand woods0 700 m 0 2 300 ft nbsp S eulae nbsp Shinners G L Nesom Aster eulae 1950 Eula s aster G4 Part shade soils with clay or silt bottom areas or stream banks0 100 m 0 330 ft nbsp Endemic to Texas 80 81 e S lanceolatum nbsp Willd G L Nesom Aster lanceolatus 1803 Lance leaved asterPanicled asterWhite panicled asterFive varieties 83 S l var lanceolatumS l var hesperiumS l var hirsuticauleS l var interiorS l var latifolium G5 Stream banks thickets borders ditches meadows mucky soils depending on variety 10 2 700 m 30 8 860 ft 83 nbsp 17 84 S lateriflorum nbsp L A Love amp D Love Solidago lateriflora 1753 Calico asterWhite woodland asterSide flowering aster G5 Mostly shade dry to humid soils woodland edges0 400 m 0 1 310 ft nbsp S leone nbsp Britton G L Nesom Aster leonis 1920 NL Marshes 85 nbsp S nahanniense nbsp Cody Semple Aster nahanniensis 1974 Nahanni aster G3 Stream banks near hot mineral springsAbout 1 000 m 3 280 ft Nahanni NationalPark ReserveNorthwest Territories Canada 86 19 nbsp S ontarionis nbsp Wiegand G L Nesom Aster ontarionis 1928 Ontario asterBottomland asterTwo varieties 17 S o var ontarionisS o var glabratum G5 Moist soils or shores other wetlands field edges10 300 m 30 980 ft 38 nbsp S praealtum nbsp Poir G L Nesom Aster praealtus 1811 Willowleaf asterWillow aster G5 Usually moist and wet areas0 400 m 0 1 310 ft nbsp 19 S racemosum nbsp Elliott G L Nesom Aster racemosus 1823 Small white asterSmooth white oldfield aster G4 Moist to wet often brackish soils0 200 m 0 660 ft nbsp 19 S schaffneri nbsp S D Sundb amp A G Jones G L Nesom Aster schaffneri 1986 NL Disturbed oak forests secondary vegetation areas mountain mesophilic forests rich black or brown soils 87 120 2 500 m 390 8 200 ft 88 nbsp 89 S simmondsii nbsp Small G L Nesom Aster simmondsii 1913 Simmonds aster G4 Moist to dry soils0 50 m 0 160 ft nbsp 90 S tradescantii nbsp L G L Nesom Aster tradescantii 1753 Tradescant s asterShore aster G4 Shores streams freshwater estuaries0 200 m 0 660 ft nbsp S welshii nbsp Cronquist G L Nesom Aster welshii 1994 Welsh s aster G2 Wet soils in dry areas1 300 2 300 m 4 270 7 550 ft nbsp Subsection Heterophylli edit Subsection Heterophylli Nees Semple 8 Series Concinni edit Series Concinni Nees Semple 8 two species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 DistributionS laeve nbsp L A Love amp D Love Aster laevis 1753 Smooth asterFour varieties 91 S l var laeveS l var concinnumS l var geyeri Geyer s aster S l var purpuratum G5 Open and dry habitats0 2 400 m 0 7 870 ft nbsp 17 92 93 S oolentangiense nbsp Riddell G L Nesom Aster oolentangiensis 1835 Azure asterSkyblue aster G5 Dry or dry to wet habitats50 500 m 160 1 640 ft nbsp 17 19 Series Cordifolii edit Series Cordifolii G Don in Loudon Semple 8 seven species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S anomalum nbsp Engelm G L Nesom Aster anomalus 1843 Manyray aster G4 Dry soils over limestone acid soils50 500 m 160 1 640 ft nbsp 19 S ciliolatum nbsp Lindl A Love amp D Love Aster ciliolatus 1836 Lindley s asterFringed blue aster G5 Rich open deciduous forests trails stream banks0 2 000 m 0 6 560 ft nbsp S cordifolium nbsp L G L Nesom Aster cordifolius 1753 Heartleaf asterCommon blue wood aster G5 Mostly rich moist soils and woods0 1 200 m 0 3 940 ft nbsp S drummondii nbsp Lindl G L Nesom Aster drummondii 1835 Drummond s asterTwo varieties 94 S d var drummondiiS d var texanum Texas aster G5 Old fields woodlands savannas depending on variety 95 0 500 m 0 1 640 ft 94 nbsp 17 38 S shortii nbsp Lindl G L Nesom Aster shortii 1834 Short s aster G5 Thin rocky soils of woodlands and thickets often around limestone bluffs100 500 m 330 1 640 ft nbsp S undulatum nbsp L G L Nesom Aster undulatus 1753 Wavyleaf aster G5 Dry or well drained loamy or rocky soils200 1 500 m 660 4 920 ft nbsp S urophyllum nbsp Lindl G L Nesom Aster urophyllus 1836 White arrowleaf asterArrowleaf aster G4 Open dry to mesic habitats40 300 m 130 980 ft and higher nbsp Subsection Porteriani edit Subsection Porteriani Rydb G L Nesom 16 five species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S depauperatum nbsp Fernald G L Nesom Aster depauperatus 1908 Serpentine asterStarved aster G2 Serpentine or diabasic soils400 1 000 m 1 310 3 280 ft nbsp 96 20 17 S kentuckiense nbsp Britton Medley 97 Aster kentuckiensis 1901 Price s aster 98 Kentucky aster 99 G4 100 Limestone cedar glades and limestone roadsides 101 nbsp 102 101 S parviceps nbsp E S Burgess G L Nesom Aster ericoides var parviceps 1898 Smallhead asterSmall white aster G4 Dry sandy or loamy soils barrens fields roadsides old cemeteries200 400 m 660 1 310 ft nbsp S pilosum nbsp Willd G L Nesom Aster pilosus 1803 Hairy asterFrost asterHairy white oldfield asterTwo varieties 103 S p var pilosumS p var pringlei Pringle s aster G5 Various and many depending on variety0 1 100 m 0 3 610 ft nbsp 103 S porteri nbsp A Gray G L Nesom Aster porteri 1881 Porter s asterSmooth white aster G3 Rocky Mountain foothills1 800 2 900 m 5 910 9 510 ft nbsp 104 19 Subsection Symphyotrichum edit Series Punicei edit Series Punicei House Semple 8 five species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S elliottii nbsp Torr amp A Gray G L Nesom Aster elliottii 1841 Elliott s aster G4 Swamps bogs marshes brackish marshes0 50 m 0 160 ft nbsp 19 S firmum nbsp Nees G L Nesom Aster firmus 1818 Glossy leaved aster G5 Wet soils fens marshes100 400 m 330 1 310 ft nbsp S prenanthoides nbsp Muhl ex Willd G L Nesom Aster prenanthoides 1803 Crookedstem aster G4 Mostly wetlands such as swamps and seeps100 1 500 m 330 4 920 ft nbsp S puniceum nbsp L A Love amp D Love Aster puniceus 1753 Purplestem asterRed stemmed asterSwamp asterTwo varieties 105 S p var puniceumS p var scabricaule roughstem aster G5 Wetlands0 2 000 m 0 6 560 ft 105 nbsp S rhiannon nbsp Weakley amp Govus 2004 Rhiannon s asterBuck Creek aster 20 G1 Serpentine barrens900 1 300 m 2 950 4 270 ft Buck CreekSerpentine Barrens 106 Clay County North Carolina US 107 nbsp Series Symphyotrichum edit Series Symphyotrichum four species Scientific nameand picture Author citation 17 Basionym 18 Year 18 Common name s and varieties 19 NS 20 Habitat 19 Distribution 17 S anticostense nbsp Fernald G L Nesom Aster anticostensis 1915 Anticosti aster G3 Calcareous river shores limestone lake shores0 100 m 0 330 ft nbsp a, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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