Symphyotrichum laeve (formerly Aster laevis) is a flowering plant native to Canada, the United States, and Coahuila (Mexico). It has the common names of smooth blue aster,[5]smooth aster,[4]smooth-leaved aster, glaucous Michaelmas-daisy[6] and glaucous aster.[4]
Smooth aster is 20 to 70 centimeters (8 to 28 inches) tall.[7] Its leaves are arranged alternately on the stems, and their shape varies among lanceolate, oblong-ovate, oblong-obovate, and ovate.[8] They measure from 3 to 20 centimeters (1 to 8 inches) long and from 1 to 2.5 cm (3⁄8 to 1 in) wide. They are usually hairless, and the leaf edges are entire or bluntly or sharply toothed (crenate or serrate), sometimes with smaller teeth (serrulate).[7]
The flower heads are arranged in clusters (panicles). Each flower head has 13 to 23 ray florets with pale to dark blue or purple petals (laminae), and 19 to 33 disc florets that start out yellow and eventually turn purplish-red.[7] The whole flowerhead measures 13 to 25 millimeters (1⁄2 to 1 in) across.[8]
The seeds are cypselae with pappi (bristles at their tips).[7] Like the hairs on dandelion seeds, the pappi allow the seeds to be spread by the wind.[8]
Taxonomyedit
There are four varieties: Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve, S. laeve var. geyeri (Geyer's aster[3]), S. laeve var. concinnum, and S. laeve var. purpuratum.[7]
Hybrids with this species and others of the genus have been reported, including three named as follows:[9]
Symphyotrichum × gravesii between S. laeve var. laeve and S. dumosum;
^ abcdefghijklmnoNesom, G.L. (September 1994). "Review of the Taxonomy of Aster sensu lato (Asteraceae: Astereae), Emphasizing the New World Species". Phytologia (published 31 January 1995). 77 (3): 141–297. ISSN 0031-9430. Retrieved 23 August 2021 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
S. laeve grows in fields, open woods, and along roadsides[10] in rocky or dry soil and full sun.[11]
Ecologyedit
Symphyotrichum laeve blooms in late summer and early fall. It is pollinated by many native bees[10] and attracts butterflies.[11] It is a larval host for the pearl crescent butterfly (Phyciodes tharos).[12][8]
Brouillet, L.; Desmet, P.; Coursol, F.; Meades, S.J.; Favreau, M.; Anions, M.; Bélisle, P.; Gendreau, C.; Shorthouse, D. (4 September 2020). "Symphyotrichum laeve (Linnaeus) Á. Löve & D. Löve". data.canadensys.net. Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Retrieved 14 September 2021.
Brouillet, L.; Semple, J.C.; Allen, G.A.; Chambers, K.L.; Sundberg, S.D. (2006). "Symphyotrichum laeve". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 20. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 14 September 2021 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
Evergreen (2014). . Native Plant Database (nativeplants.evergreen.ca). Toronto, Ontario: Evergreen. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
Hilty, J. (2016). "Smooth Blue Aster (Symphyotrichum laeve)". Illinois Wildflowers (www.illinoiswildflowers.info). Retrieved 30 September 2016.
Missouri Botanical Garden (n.d.). "Symphyotrichum laeve - Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. St. Louis. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
NatureServe (2 July 2021). "Symphyotrichum laeve Smooth Blue Aster". explorer.natureserve.org. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
POWO (2019). "Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve". powo.science.kew.org. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
TWC Staff (2017). "Symphyotrichum laeve". Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center (www.wildflower.org). University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
USDA, NRCS (2014). "Symphyotrichum laeve". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
External linksedit
Astereae Lab - University of Waterloo
Ontario Wildflowers
February 12, 2024
symphyotrichum, laeve, formerly, aster, laevis, flowering, plant, native, canada, united, states, coahuila, mexico, common, names, smooth, blue, aster, smooth, aster, smooth, leaved, aster, glaucous, michaelmas, daisy, glaucous, aster, conservation, statussecu. Symphyotrichum laeve formerly Aster laevis is a flowering plant native to Canada the United States and Coahuila Mexico It has the common names of smooth blue aster 5 smooth aster 4 smooth leaved aster glaucous Michaelmas daisy 6 and glaucous aster 4 Symphyotrichum laeveConservation statusSecure NatureServe 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade AngiospermsClade EudicotsClade AsteridsOrder AsteralesFamily AsteraceaeTribe AstereaeSubtribe SymphyotrichinaeGenus SymphyotrichumSubgenus Symphyotrichum subg SymphyotrichumSection Symphyotrichum sect SymphyotrichumSpecies S laeveBinomial nameSymphyotrichum laeve L A Love amp D Love 2 Varieties 2 S laeve var laeve S laeve var concinnum Willd G L Nesom S laeve var geyeri A Gray G L Nesom S laeve var purpuratum Nees G L NesomNorth American distribution 2 3 4 Synonyms 2 Basionym Aster laevis L Alphabetical list Aster amplexicaulis Muhl ex Willd Aster autranii PostAster bupleurifolius NeesAster cyaneus Hoffm Aster decorus Desf ex DC Aster expansus NeesAster falcidens E S BurgessAster glaucescens Wender ex NeesAster glaucus NeesAster laevigatus Hook Aster laevis var abbreviatus LunellAster laevis f amplifolius Porter FernaldAster laevis var amplifolius PorterAster laevis f beckwithiae HouseAster laevis var cyaneus Hoffm Torr Aster laevis var falcatus Farw Aster laevis f falcatus Farw F Seym Aster laevis f latifolius Porter ShinnersAster laevis var latifolius PorterAster laevis var panduratus Farw Aster laevis f purpurascens Farw Aster laevis var simplex CockerellAster laevis var sourisensis LunellAster laevis var strictiflorus Osterh Aster laevis var thyrsoideus Farw Aster laevis var undulatifolius LunellAster lucidus LoudonAster pensilvanicus Poir Aster pickettianus Suksd Aster politus NeesAster rubricaulis Lam Aster steeleorum ShinnersDiplactis cyanea Raf Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Ecology 5 Citations 6 References 7 External linksDescription editSmooth aster is 20 to 70 centimeters 8 to 28 inches tall 7 Its leaves are arranged alternately on the stems and their shape varies among lanceolate oblong ovate oblong obovate and ovate 8 They measure from 3 to 20 centimeters 1 to 8 inches long and from 1 to 2 5 cm 3 8 to 1 in wide They are usually hairless and the leaf edges are entire or bluntly or sharply toothed crenate or serrate sometimes with smaller teeth serrulate 7 nbsp nbsp The flower heads are arranged in clusters panicles Each flower head has 13 to 23 ray florets with pale to dark blue or purple petals laminae and 19 to 33 disc florets that start out yellow and eventually turn purplish red 7 The whole flowerhead measures 13 to 25 millimeters 1 2 to 1 in across 8 nbsp nbsp nbsp The seeds are cypselae with pappi bristles at their tips 7 Like the hairs on dandelion seeds the pappi allow the seeds to be spread by the wind 8 nbsp Taxonomy editThere are four varieties Symphyotrichum laeve var laeve S laeve var geyeri Geyer s aster 3 S laeve var concinnum and S laeve var purpuratum 7 Hybrids with this species and others of the genus have been reported including three named as follows 9 Symphyotrichum gravesii between S laeve var laeve and S dumosum Symphyotrichum versicolor between S laeve var laeve and S novi belgii var novi belgii and Symphyotrichum woldenii between S laeve var laeve and S praealtum which instead may be between S oolentangiense and S praealtum nbsp Symphyotrichum gravesii nbsp Symphyotrichum versicolor nbsp Symphyotrichum woldenii Species classifications Symphyotrichum subg Chapmaniana ref 2 133 S chapmaniisubg Astropolium ref 2 133 S divaricatumS glabrifoliumS graminifoliumS martiiS parviflorumS patagonicumS peteroanumS potosinumS regnelliiS subulatumS tenuifoliumS vahliisubg Virgulus ref 1 272 sect Ericoidei ref 1 274 S ericoidesS falcatumsect Patentes ref 1 274 ssect Brachyphylli ref 1 274 S adnatumS walterissect Patentes ref 1 274 S georgianumS patensS phlogifoliumsect Grandiflori ref 1 273 ssect Mexicanae ref 1 273 S bimaterS chihuahuenseS hintoniiS moranenseS purpurascensS trilineatumS turnerissect Grandiflori ref 1 273 S campestreS estesiiS fendleriS fontinaleS grandiflorumS oblongifoliumS pygmaeumS yukonensesect Polyliguli ref 2 133 S novae angliaesect Concolores ref 1 275 S concolorS lucayanumS plumosumS pratenseS sericeumsubg Ascendentes ref 3 ref 2 133 S ascendensS defoliatumsubg Symphyotrichum ref 1 267 sect Conyzopsis ref 1 271 S ciliatumS frondosumS laurentianumsect Occidentales ref 1 271 S chilenseS eatoniiS foliaceumS greataeS halliiS hendersoniiS jessicaeS lentumS molleS spathulatumS subspicatumsect Turbinelli ref 2 133 S turbinellumsect Symphyotrichum ref 1 268 ssect Dumosi ref 1 269 S borealeS bullatumS burgessiiS carnerosanumS dumosumS eulaeS lanceolatumS lateriflorumS leoneS nahannienseS ontarionisS praealtumS racemosumS schaffneriS simmondsiiS tradescantiiS welshiissect Heterophylli ref 2 133 ser Concinni ref 2 133 S laeveS oolentangienseser Cordifolii ref 2 133 S anomalumS ciliolatumS cordifoliumS drummondiiS shortiiS undulatumS urophyllumssect Porteriani ref 1 270 S depauperatumS kentuckienseS parvicepsS pilosumS porterissect Symphyotrichum ser Punicei ref 2 133 S elliottiiS firmumS prenanthoidesS puniceumS rhiannonser Symphyotrichum S anticostenseS novi belgiiS retroflexumS robynsianumCladogram references a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Nesom G L September 1994 Review of the Taxonomy of Aster sensu lato Asteraceae Astereae Emphasizing the New World Species Phytologia published 31 January 1995 77 3 141 297 ISSN 0031 9430 Retrieved 23 August 2021 via Biodiversity Heritage Library a b c d e f g h i Semple J C Heard S B Brouillet L 2002 Cultivated and Native Asters of Ontario Compositae Astereae University of Waterloo Biology Series Ontario University of Waterloo 41 1 134 Sugbenus Ascendentes is made up of two allopolyploid species with historic parents from subg Virgulus and subg Symphyotrichum Distribution and habitat editSymphyotrichum laeve varieties are native to Canada the United States 2 and Coahuila Mexico 3 The species is introduced in Quebec and New Brunswick 4 S laeve grows in fields open woods and along roadsides 10 in rocky or dry soil and full sun 11 Ecology editSymphyotrichum laeve blooms in late summer and early fall It is pollinated by many native bees 10 and attracts butterflies 11 It is a larval host for the pearl crescent butterfly Phyciodes tharos 12 8 Citations edit NatureServe 2021 a b c d e POWO 2019 a b c Brouillet et al 2006 var geyeri a b c d Brouillet et al 2020 USDA 2014 BSBI 2007 a b c d e Brouillet et al 2006 a b c d Hilty 2016 Brouillet et al 2006 var laeve a b TWC Staff 2017 a b Missouri Botanical Garden n d Evergreen 2014 References editBrouillet L Desmet P Coursol F Meades S J Favreau M Anions M Belisle P Gendreau C Shorthouse D 4 September 2020 Symphyotrichum laeve Linnaeus A Love amp D Love data canadensys net Database of Vascular Plants of Canada VASCAN Retrieved 14 September 2021 Brouillet L Semple J C Allen G A Chambers K L Sundberg S D 2006 Symphyotrichum laeve In Flora of North America Editorial Committee ed Flora of North America North of Mexico FNA Vol 20 New York and Oxford Oxford University Press Retrieved 14 September 2021 via eFloras org Missouri Botanical Garden St Louis MO amp Harvard University Herbaria Cambridge MA BSBI List 2007 xls Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland Archived from the original xls on 26 June 2015 Retrieved 17 October 2014 Evergreen 2014 Plant Detail Symphyotrichum laeve smooth blue aster smooth aster Native Plant Database nativeplants evergreen ca Toronto Ontario Evergreen Archived from the original on 2 February 2017 Retrieved 27 January 2017 Hilty J 2016 Smooth Blue Aster Symphyotrichum laeve Illinois Wildflowers www illinoiswildflowers info Retrieved 30 September 2016 Missouri Botanical Garden n d Symphyotrichum laeve Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder www missouribotanicalgarden org St Louis Retrieved 27 January 2017 NatureServe 2 July 2021 Symphyotrichum laeve Smooth Blue Aster explorer natureserve org Arlington Virginia Retrieved 17 July 2021 POWO 2019 Symphyotrichum laeve L A Love amp D Love powo science kew org Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 17 July 2021 TWC Staff 2017 Symphyotrichum laeve Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center www wildflower org University of Texas at Austin Retrieved 27 January 2017 USDA NRCS 2014 Symphyotrichum laeve The PLANTS Database plants usda gov Greensboro North Carolina National Plant Data Team Retrieved 6 December 2015 External links editAstereae Lab University of Waterloo Ontario Wildflowers Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Symphyotrichum laeve amp oldid 1181720155, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
