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Mayor of New York City

January 01, 1970

For a list, see List of mayors of New York City.

The mayor of New York City, officially Mayor of the City of New York, is head of the executive branch of the government of New York City and the chief executive of New York City. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within New York City.

Mayor of the City of New York
Seal of the City of New York
Standard of the mayor of New York City
Incumbent
Eric Adams
since January 1, 2022
Government of New York City
StyleHis Honor; Mr. Mayor (informal)
ResidenceGracie Mansion
SeatNew York City Hall
Term lengthFour years, renewable once consecutively
Constituting instrumentNew York City Charter
Inaugural holderThomas Willett
FormationJune 12, 1665; 358 years ago (1665-06-12)
SuccessionNew York City Public Advocate, then New York City Comptroller
Unofficial namesHizzoner
DeputyFirst Deputy Mayor of New York City
Salary$258,750
Websitewww.nyc.gov/mayor

The budget, overseen by New York City Mayor's Office of Management and Budget, is the largest municipal budget in the United States, totaling $100.7 billion in fiscal year 2021.[1] The City employs 325,000 people, spends about $21 billion to educate more than 1.1 million students (the largest public school system in the United States), and levies $27 billion in taxes. It receives $14 billion from the state and federal governments.

The mayor's office is located in New York City Hall; it has jurisdiction over all five boroughs of New York City: Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens. The mayor appoints numerous officials, including deputy mayors and the commissioners who head city agencies and departments. The mayor's regulations are compiled in title 43 of the New York City Rules. According to current law, the mayor is limited to two consecutive four-year terms in office but may run again after a four-year break. The limit on consecutive terms was changed from two to three on October 23, 2008, when the New York City Council voted 29–22 in favor of passing the term limit extension into law.[2] However, in 2010, a referendum reverting the limit to two terms passed overwhelmingly.[3] The position of mayor of New York has been branded as the "second toughest job" in the United States of America, behind only the U.S. President.[4][5][6]

The current mayor is Eric Adams, who was elected on November 2, 2021, and took office shortly after midnight on January 1, 2022.

History edit

See also: List of mayors of New York City

In 1665, Governor Richard Nicolls appointed Thomas Willett as the first mayor of New York. For 156 years, the mayor was appointed and had limited power. Between 1783 and 1821 the mayor was appointed by the Council of Appointment in which the state's governor had the loudest voice. In 1821 the Common Council, which included elected members, gained the authority to choose the mayor. An amendment to the New York State Constitution in 1834 provided for the direct popular election of the mayor. Cornelius W. Lawrence, a Democrat, was elected that year.

Gracie Mansion has been the official residence of the mayor since Fiorello La Guardia's administration in 1942. Its main floor is open to the public and serves as a small museum.

The mayor is entitled to a salary of $258,750 a year.[7] Michael Bloomberg, mayor of the city from 2002 to 2013 and one of the richest people in the world,[8] declined the salary and instead was paid $1 yearly.

In 2000 direct control of the city's public school system was transferred to the mayor's office. In 2003 the reorganization established the New York City Department of Education.

Tammany Hall edit

Main article: Tammany Hall
 
"New York's new solar system": Tammany Hall revolves around Boss Croker in this 1899 cartoon in Puck.

Tammany Hall, which evolved from an organization of craftsmen into a Democratic political machine, gained control of Democratic Party nominations in the state and city in 1861. It played a major role in New York City politics into the 1960s and was a dominant player from the mayoral victory of Fernando Wood in 1854 through the era of Robert Wagner (1954–1965). Its last political leader was an African American man named J. Raymond Jones.

Deputies edit

The mayor of New York City may appoint several deputy mayors to help oversee major offices within the executive branch of the city government. The powers and duties, and even the number of deputy mayors, are not defined by the City Charter.

The post was created by Fiorello La Guardia (who appointed Grover Whalen as deputy mayor) to handle ceremonial events that the mayor was too busy to attend. Since then, deputy mayors have been appointed with their areas of responsibility defined by the appointing mayor. There are currently five deputy mayors, all of whom report directly to the mayor. The majority of agency commissioners and department heads report to one of the deputy mayors, giving the role a great deal of power within a mayoral administration.

Deputy mayors do not have any right to succeed to the mayoralty in the case of vacancy or incapacity of the mayor. (The order of succession is the Public Advocate of the City of New York, then the Comptroller of the City of New York.[9])

Current deputy mayors edit

Advises the mayor on citywide administrative, operational and policy matters.
Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Economic Development Corporation, the Department of City Planning, Department of Housing Preservation and Development, Department of Small Business Services, Department of Cultural Affairs, New York City Housing Development Corporation and related agencies.
Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Human Resources Administration, Department of Homeless Services, the Administration for Children's Services, New York City Health and Hospitals, and related agencies.
Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Department of Environmental Protection, Department of Sanitation, Department of Transportation, Department of Parks and Recreation, Department of Design and Construction, School Construction Authority, Department of Buildings, Taxi and Limousine Commission, and related agencies.
Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Fire Department, Department of Correction, Department of Probation, New York City Emergency Management, Mayor's Office of Criminal Justice and related agencies.
  • Ana Almanzar, Deputy Mayor for Strategic Initiatives[11][12]
  • Fabien Levy, Deputy Mayor for Communications[13][14]

Notable former deputy mayors edit

Under Bill de Blasio edit

Under Michael Bloomberg edit

Previous administrations edit

Offices appointed edit

Further information: List of New York City agencies

"The mayor has the power to appoint and remove the commissioners of more than 40 city agencies and members of City boards and commissions."[15] These include:

Board member edit

The mayor of New York City is an ex-officio board member of the following organizations:[15]

Commentary edit

The New York City mayoralty has become known as the "second toughest job in America."[16] It has been observed that politicians are rarely elected to any higher office after serving as mayor of New York City; the last mayor who later achieved higher office was John T. Hoffman, who became governor of New York in 1869. Former mayor Ed Koch said that the post was jinxed due to divine intervention, whereas Michael Bloomberg has called the supposed curse "a statistical fluke."[17]

In popular culture edit

Local tabloid newspapers often refer to the mayor as "Hizzoner", a corruption of the honorific style His Honor.

Spin City, a 1990s TV sitcom, starred Michael J. Fox as a deputy mayor of New York under Barry Bostwick's fictional Mayor Randall Winston.

Several mayors have appeared in television and movies, as well as on Broadway, most notably in The Will Rogers Follies. In the 1980s and 1990s, mayors Ed Koch and Rudy Giuliani appeared on Saturday Night Live on several occasions, sometimes mocking themselves in sketches. Giuliani and Mayor Michael Bloomberg have both appeared, as themselves in their mayoral capacities, on episodes of Law & Order. Giuliani also appeared as himself in an episode of Seinfeld, titled "The Non-Fat Yogurt". Giuliani has made cameos in films such as The Out-of-Towners and Anger Management. Bloomberg has appeared on 30 Rock, Gossip Girl, Curb Your Enthusiasm and Horace and Pete.[18][19]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "New York City Office of Management and Budget Frequently Asked Questions". NYC Office of Management and Budget. January 14, 2021.
  2. ^ Kramer, Marcia (October 23, 2008). . WCBS. Archived from the original on October 25, 2008.
  3. ^ Katz, Celeste. . Daily Politics (blog). Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on June 6, 2013.
  4. ^ Tracy, Abigail (January 14, 2024). "Bill de Blasio and NYC's "Least and the Lightest": The Second-Hardest Job in the World Is Up for Grabs, and It's a Clusterclump". Vanity Fair. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
  5. ^ McFadden, Robert D. (December 21, 2000). "John V. Lindsay, Mayor and Maverick, Dies at 79". New York Times. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
  6. ^ Gabbatt, Adam (April 22, 2021). "Why New York mayor is the 'second toughest job in America'". The Guardian. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
  7. ^ . Lwvnyc.org. Archived from the original on December 31, 2011. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  8. ^ "Forbes Profile". Forbes. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
  9. ^ "The Mayor". What Makes New York City Run? A Citizen's Guide To How City Government Works (Third ed.). New York, N.Y.: League of Women Voters of the City of New York Education Fund. 2001. pp. 30–31. ISBN 0-916130-02-9.
  10. ^ Sommerfeldt, Chris. "Phil Banks picked as NYC Mayor Adams' top public safety deputy despite checkered NYPD history". nydailynews.com. Retrieved January 7, 2022.
  11. ^ "Mayor Adams Appoints Ana Almanzar as Deputy Mayor for Strategic Initiatives". The official website of the City of New York. May 26, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  12. ^ "Ex-Cuomo official Ana Almanzar appointed as NYC deputy mayor". May 26, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  13. ^ "Mayor Adams names new deputy mayor for communications". New York Daily News. August 14, 2023. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  14. ^ Graham, Aidan (August 14, 2023). "Adams appoints former press secretary Fabien Levy as Deputy Mayor for Communications | amNewYork". www.amny.com. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  15. ^ a b . New York City. Archived from the original on December 17, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2013.
  16. ^ Gabbatt, Adam (April 22, 2021). "Why New York mayor is the 'second toughest job in America'". The Guardian. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
  17. ^ "A curse? No higher office for NYC mayors". NBC News. January 31, 2008. Retrieved March 27, 2021.
  18. ^ "Michael Bloomberg". IMDb. Retrieved July 28, 2016.
  19. ^ "Episode #1.9". IMDb. March 26, 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2016.

Further reading edit

  • Arnold, R. Douglas, and Nicholas Carnes. "Holding mayors accountable: New York's executives from Koch to Bloomberg." American Journal of Political Science 56.4 (2012): 949-963 online.
  • Fine, Elizabeth, and James Caras. "Twenty-Five Years of the Council-Mayor Governance of New York City: A History of the Council’s Powers, the Separation of Powers, and Issues for Future Resolution" New York Law School Review (2013) 58#1 pp. 119-136 online
  • Fuchs, Ester R. Mayors and money: Fiscal policy in New York and Chicago (University of Chicago Press, 1992) online.
  • Hoffman, David C., Tiffany Lewis, and Don Waisanen. "The language of political genres: inaugural and state speeches of New York City Mayors and US Presidents." Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association 2017.1 (2021): 9+ online.
  • Holli, Melvin G., and Peter d'A. Jones, eds. Biographical Dictionary of American Mayors 1820-1980 (Greenwood, 1981) Short scholarly biographies of all NYC mayors 1820-1980; see list p. 410.
  • Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. The encyclopedia of New York City (2nd ed. Yale University Press, 2010). online
  • McNickle, Chris. To be mayor of New York: Ethnic politics in the city (Columbia University Press, 1993) online; covers 1881-1989.
  • McNickle, Chris. Bloomberg: A Billionaire's Ambition (Simon and Schuster, 2017), scholarly study of mayoralty. 2002–2013 online.
  • Reitano, Joanne. The Restless City: A short history of New York from colonial times to the present (Routledge, 2010).
  • Rogers, David. Mayoral control of the New York City schools (Springer, 2009). online
  • Weikart, Lynne A. Follow the Money: Who Controls New York City Mayors? (SUNY Press, 2009).

External links edit

January 01, 1970
mayor, york, city, list, list, mayors, york, city, mayor, york, city, officially, mayor, city, york, head, executive, branch, government, york, city, chief, executive, york, city, mayor, office, administers, city, services, public, property, police, fire, prot. For a list see List of mayors of New York City The mayor of New York City officially Mayor of the City of New York is head of the executive branch of the government of New York City and the chief executive of New York City The mayor s office administers all city services public property police and fire protection most public agencies and enforces all city and state laws within New York City Mayor of the City of New YorkSeal of the City of New YorkStandard of the mayor of New York CityIncumbentEric Adamssince January 1 2022Government of New York CityStyleHis Honor Mr Mayor informal ResidenceGracie MansionSeatNew York City HallTerm lengthFour years renewable once consecutivelyConstituting instrumentNew York City CharterInaugural holderThomas WillettFormationJune 12 1665 358 years ago 1665 06 12 SuccessionNew York City Public Advocate then New York City ComptrollerUnofficial namesHizzonerDeputyFirst Deputy Mayor of New York CitySalary 258 750Websitewww wbr nyc wbr gov wbr mayor The budget overseen by New York City Mayor s Office of Management and Budget is the largest municipal budget in the United States totaling 100 7 billion in fiscal year 2021 1 The City employs 325 000 people spends about 21 billion to educate more than 1 1 million students the largest public school system in the United States and levies 27 billion in taxes It receives 14 billion from the state and federal governments The mayor s office is located in New York City Hall it has jurisdiction over all five boroughs of New York City Manhattan Brooklyn the Bronx Staten Island and Queens The mayor appoints numerous officials including deputy mayors and the commissioners who head city agencies and departments The mayor s regulations are compiled in title 43 of the New York City Rules According to current law the mayor is limited to two consecutive four year terms in office but may run again after a four year break The limit on consecutive terms was changed from two to three on October 23 2008 when the New York City Council voted 29 22 in favor of passing the term limit extension into law 2 However in 2010 a referendum reverting the limit to two terms passed overwhelmingly 3 The position of mayor of New York has been branded as the second toughest job in the United States of America behind only the U S President 4 5 6 The current mayor is Eric Adams who was elected on November 2 2021 and took office shortly after midnight on January 1 2022 Contents 1 History 1 1 Tammany Hall 2 Deputies 2 1 Current deputy mayors 2 2 Notable former deputy mayors 2 2 1 Under Bill de Blasio 2 2 2 Under Michael Bloomberg 2 2 3 Previous administrations 3 Offices appointed 4 Board member 5 Commentary 6 In popular culture 7 See also 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External linksHistory editSee also List of mayors of New York City In 1665 Governor Richard Nicolls appointed Thomas Willett as the first mayor of New York For 156 years the mayor was appointed and had limited power Between 1783 and 1821 the mayor was appointed by the Council of Appointment in which the state s governor had the loudest voice In 1821 the Common Council which included elected members gained the authority to choose the mayor An amendment to the New York State Constitution in 1834 provided for the direct popular election of the mayor Cornelius W Lawrence a Democrat was elected that year Gracie Mansion has been the official residence of the mayor since Fiorello La Guardia s administration in 1942 Its main floor is open to the public and serves as a small museum The mayor is entitled to a salary of 258 750 a year 7 Michael Bloomberg mayor of the city from 2002 to 2013 and one of the richest people in the world 8 declined the salary and instead was paid 1 yearly In 2000 direct control of the city s public school system was transferred to the mayor s office In 2003 the reorganization established the New York City Department of Education Tammany Hall edit Main article Tammany Hall nbsp New York s new solar system Tammany Hall revolves around Boss Croker in this 1899 cartoon in Puck Tammany Hall which evolved from an organization of craftsmen into a Democratic political machine gained control of Democratic Party nominations in the state and city in 1861 It played a major role in New York City politics into the 1960s and was a dominant player from the mayoral victory of Fernando Wood in 1854 through the era of Robert Wagner 1954 1965 Its last political leader was an African American man named J Raymond Jones Deputies editThe mayor of New York City may appoint several deputy mayors to help oversee major offices within the executive branch of the city government The powers and duties and even the number of deputy mayors are not defined by the City Charter The post was created by Fiorello La Guardia who appointed Grover Whalen as deputy mayor to handle ceremonial events that the mayor was too busy to attend Since then deputy mayors have been appointed with their areas of responsibility defined by the appointing mayor There are currently five deputy mayors all of whom report directly to the mayor The majority of agency commissioners and department heads report to one of the deputy mayors giving the role a great deal of power within a mayoral administration Deputy mayors do not have any right to succeed to the mayoralty in the case of vacancy or incapacity of the mayor The order of succession is the Public Advocate of the City of New York then the Comptroller of the City of New York 9 Current deputy mayors edit Sheena Wright First Deputy Mayor Advises the mayor on citywide administrative operational and policy matters Maria Torres Springer Deputy Mayor for Housing and Economic Development Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Economic Development Corporation the Department of City Planning Department of Housing Preservation and Development Department of Small Business Services Department of Cultural Affairs New York City Housing Development Corporation and related agencies Anne Williams Isom Deputy Mayor for Health and Human Services Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Human Resources Administration Department of Homeless Services the Administration for Children s Services New York City Health and Hospitals and related agencies Meera Joshi Deputy Mayor for Operations Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Department of Environmental Protection Department of Sanitation Department of Transportation Department of Parks and Recreation Department of Design and Construction School Construction Authority Department of Buildings Taxi and Limousine Commission and related agencies Phil Banks Deputy Mayor for Public Safety 10 Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Fire Department Department of Correction Department of Probation New York City Emergency Management Mayor s Office of Criminal Justice and related agencies Ana Almanzar Deputy Mayor for Strategic Initiatives 11 12 Fabien Levy Deputy Mayor for Communications 13 14 Notable former deputy mayors edit Under Bill de Blasio edit Emma Wolfe 2020 2021 Chief of Staff Government Operations Dean Fuleihan 2018 2021 First Deputy Mayor Anthony Shorris 2014 2017 First Deputy Mayor Vicki Been 2019 2021 Housing and Economic Development Alicia Glen 2014 2019 Housing and Economic Development Herminia Palacio 2016 2019 Health and Human Services Lilliam Barrios Paoli 2014 2016 Health and Human Services Under Michael Bloomberg edit Patricia Harris 2001 2013 Stephen Goldsmith 2010 2011 Daniel L Doctoroff 2002 2008 Robert K Steel 2010 2013 Dennis M Walcott Howard Wolfson Previous administrations edit Joe Lhota under Rudy Giuliani Kenneth Lipper under Ed Koch William Lynch 1990 1992 under David Dinkins Randy Daniels 1992 under David Dinkins Barry F Sullivan 1992 1994 under David Dinkins Basil Paterson 1978 under Ed Koch Herman Badillo 1977 1979 under Ed Koch Robert W Sweet 1966 1969 under John Lindsay Charles Henry Tenney 1962 1965 Robert F Wagner JrOffices appointed editFurther information List of New York City agencies The mayor has the power to appoint and remove the commissioners of more than 40 city agencies and members of City boards and commissions 15 These include New York City Police Commissioner New York City Fire Commissioner New York City Criminal Court judges New York City Marshals New York City Schools Chancellor as of 2002 New York City Mayor s Office of Management and Budget Commissioner of Health of the City of New YorkBoard member editThe mayor of New York City is an ex officio board member of the following organizations 15 American Museum of Natural History Brooklyn Academy of Music Brooklyn Botanic Garden Brooklyn Children s Museum Brooklyn Museum of Art Brooklyn Public Library Carnegie Hall El Museo del Barrio Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts Metropolitan Museum of Art Museum of Jewish Heritage Museum of the City of New York National September 11 Memorial amp Museum New York Botanical Garden New York Hall of Science New York Public Library New York Shakespeare Festival Public Design Commission Queens Borough Public Library Queens Botanical Garden Queens Museum of Art Snug Harbor Cultural Center Staten Island Botanical Garden Staten Island Children s Museum Staten Island Historical Society Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences Staten Island Zoo Wave Hill Wildlife Conservation SocietyCommentary editThe New York City mayoralty has become known as the second toughest job in America 16 It has been observed that politicians are rarely elected to any higher office after serving as mayor of New York City the last mayor who later achieved higher office was John T Hoffman who became governor of New York in 1869 Former mayor Ed Koch said that the post was jinxed due to divine intervention whereas Michael Bloomberg has called the supposed curse a statistical fluke 17 In popular culture editLocal tabloid newspapers often refer to the mayor as Hizzoner a corruption of the honorific style His Honor Spin City a 1990s TV sitcom starred Michael J Fox as a deputy mayor of New York under Barry Bostwick s fictional Mayor Randall Winston Several mayors have appeared in television and movies as well as on Broadway most notably in The Will Rogers Follies In the 1980s and 1990s mayors Ed Koch and Rudy Giuliani appeared on Saturday Night Live on several occasions sometimes mocking themselves in sketches Giuliani and Mayor Michael Bloomberg have both appeared as themselves in their mayoral capacities on episodes of Law amp Order Giuliani also appeared as himself in an episode of Seinfeld titled The Non Fat Yogurt Giuliani has made cameos in films such as The Out of Towners and Anger Management Bloomberg has appeared on 30 Rock Gossip Girl Curb Your Enthusiasm and Horace and Pete 18 19 See also edit nbsp New York City portal nbsp New York state portal nbsp Politics portal List of mayors of New York City New York City mayoral elections since 1897 Borough president Government of New York City History of New York City New York City Council New York City Public Advocate New York City Comptroller New York City Board of Estimate 1897 1990 New York City Civil Court New York City Criminal Court New York City the 51st StateReferences edit New York City Office of Management and Budget Frequently Asked Questions NYC Office of Management and Budget January 14 2021 Kramer Marcia October 23 2008 Aye and Mighty Bloomberg s Wish Is Granted WCBS Archived from the original on October 25 2008 Katz Celeste Is Term Limit Vote a Big Smack at Mayor Daily Politics blog Daily News New York Archived from the original on June 6 2013 Tracy Abigail January 14 2024 Bill de Blasio and NYC s Least and the Lightest The Second Hardest Job in the World Is Up for Grabs and It s a Clusterclump Vanity Fair Retrieved March 19 2024 McFadden Robert D December 21 2000 John V Lindsay Mayor and Maverick Dies at 79 New York Times Retrieved March 19 2024 Gabbatt Adam April 22 2021 Why New York mayor is the second toughest job in America The Guardian Retrieved March 19 2024 League of Women Voters of the City of New York About Us Lwvnyc org Archived from the original on December 31 2011 Retrieved October 17 2011 Forbes Profile Forbes Retrieved July 1 2013 The Mayor What Makes New York City Run A Citizen s Guide To How City Government Works Third ed New York N Y League of Women Voters of the City of New York Education Fund 2001 pp 30 31 ISBN 0 916130 02 9 Sommerfeldt Chris Phil Banks picked as NYC Mayor Adams top public safety deputy despite checkered NYPD history nydailynews com Retrieved January 7 2022 Mayor Adams Appoints Ana Almanzar as Deputy Mayor for Strategic Initiatives The official website of the City of New York May 26 2023 Retrieved August 16 2023 Ex Cuomo official Ana Almanzar appointed as NYC deputy mayor May 26 2023 Retrieved August 16 2023 Mayor Adams names new deputy mayor for communications New York Daily News August 14 2023 Retrieved August 16 2023 Graham Aidan August 14 2023 Adams appoints former press secretary Fabien Levy as Deputy Mayor for Communications amNewYork www amny com Retrieved August 16 2023 a b Office of the Mayor New York City Archived from the original on December 17 2013 Retrieved December 17 2013 Gabbatt Adam April 22 2021 Why New York mayor is the second toughest job in America The Guardian Retrieved March 27 2021 A curse No higher office for NYC mayors NBC News January 31 2008 Retrieved March 27 2021 Michael Bloomberg IMDb Retrieved July 28 2016 Episode 1 9 IMDb March 26 2016 Retrieved July 28 2016 Further reading editArnold R Douglas and Nicholas Carnes Holding mayors accountable New York s executives from Koch to Bloomberg American Journal of Political Science 56 4 2012 949 963 online Fine Elizabeth and James Caras Twenty Five Years of the Council Mayor Governance of New York City A History of the Council s Powers the Separation of Powers and Issues for Future Resolution New York Law School Review 2013 58 1 pp 119 136 online Fuchs Ester R Mayors and money Fiscal policy in New York and Chicago University of Chicago Press 1992 online Hoffman David C Tiffany Lewis and Don Waisanen The language of political genres inaugural and state speeches of New York City Mayors and US Presidents Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association 2017 1 2021 9 online Holli Melvin G and Peter d A Jones eds Biographical Dictionary of American Mayors 1820 1980 Greenwood 1981 Short scholarly biographies of all NYC mayors 1820 1980 see list p 410 Jackson Kenneth T ed The encyclopedia of New York City 2nd ed Yale University Press 2010 online McNickle Chris To be mayor of New York Ethnic politics in the city Columbia University Press 1993 online covers 1881 1989 McNickle Chris Bloomberg A Billionaire s Ambition Simon and Schuster 2017 scholarly study of mayoralty 2002 2013 online Reitano Joanne The Restless City A short history of New York from colonial times to the present Routledge 2010 Rogers David Mayoral control of the New York City schools Springer 2009 online Weikart Lynne A Follow the Money Who Controls New York City Mayors SUNY Press 2009 External links editOfficial website nbsp Mayor in the Rules of the City of New York Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mayor of New York City amp oldid 1217263867, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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