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Wikipedia

Maya Lin

Maya Ying Lin (born October 5, 1959) is an American designer and sculptor. In 1981, while an undergraduate at Yale University, she achieved national recognition when she won a national design competition for the planned Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C.[1]

Maya Lin
Maya Lin, in 2014
Born
Maya Ying Lin

(1959-10-05) October 5, 1959 (age 63)
NationalityAmerican
EducationYale University
Known forLand art, architecture, memorials
Notable workVietnam Veterans Memorial (1982)
Civil Rights Memorial (1989)
SpouseDaniel Wolf
Children2
AwardsNational Medal of Arts Presidential Medal of Freedom
Websitemayalin.com
Maya Lin
Traditional Chinese林瓔
Simplified Chinese林璎
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinLín Yīng

Lin has designed numerous memorials, public and private buildings, landscapes, and sculptures. Although best known for historical memorials, she is also known for environmentally themed works, which often address environmental decline. According to Lin, she draws inspiration from the architecture of nature but believes that nothing she creates can match its beauty.

Childhood

Maya Lin was born in Athens, Ohio. Her parents emigrated from China to the United States, her father in 1948 and her mother in 1949, and settled in Ohio before Lin was born.[2] Her father, Henry Huan Lin, born in Fuzhou, Fujian, was a ceramist and dean of the Ohio University College of Fine Arts. Her mother, Julia Chang Lin, born in Shanghai, is a poet and a former professor of literature at Ohio University. She is the "half" niece of Lin Huiyin, who was an American-educated artist and poet, and said to have been the first female architect in modern China.[3] Lin Juemin and Lin Yin Ming, both of whom were among the 72 martyrs of the Second Guangzhou uprising, were cousins of her grandfather.[4] Lin Chang-min, a Hanlin of Qing dynasty and the emperor's teacher, fathered Lin Huiyin with his wife, while Maya Lin's father Henry Huan Lin was Lin Chang-Min’s illegitimate son with his concubine.[5]

According to Lin, she "didn't even realize" she was ethnically Chinese until later in life, and that only in her 30s did she acquire an interest in her cultural background.[6]

Lin has said that she did not have many friends when growing up, stayed home a lot, loved to study, and loved school. While still in high school she took courses at Ohio University where she learned to cast bronze in the school's foundry.[7] She graduated in 1977 from Athens High School in The Plains, Ohio, after which she attended Yale University where she earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1981 and a Master of Architecture in 1986.[8]

Environmental concerns

According to Lin, she has been concerned with environmental issues since she was very young, and dedicated much of her time at Yale University to environmental activism.[9] She attributes her interest in the environment to her upbringing in rural Ohio: the nearby Hopewell and Adena Indian burial mounds inspired her from an early age.[10] Noting that much of her later work has focused on the relationship people have with their environment, as expressed in her earthworks, sculptures, and installations, Lin said, "I'm very much a product of the growing awareness about ecology and the environmental movement...I am very drawn to landscape, and my work is about finding a balance in the landscape, respecting nature not trying to dominate it. Even the Vietnam Veterans Memorial is an earthwork. All of my work is about slipping things in, inserting an order or a structuring, yet making an interface so that in the end, rather than a hierarchy, there is a balance and tension between the man-made and the natural."

According to the scholar Susette Min, Lin's work uncovers "hidden histories" to bring attention to landscapes and environments that would otherwise be inaccessible to viewers and "deploys the concept to discuss the inextricable relationship between nature and the built environment".[11] Lin's focus on this relationship highlights the impact humanity has on the environment, and draws attention to issues such as global warming, endangered bodies of water, and animal extinction/endangerment. She has explored these issues in her recent memorial, called What Is Missing?

According to one commentator, Lin constructs her works to have a minimal effect on the environment by utilizing recycled and sustainable materials, by minimizing carbon emissions, and by attempting to avoid damaging the landscapes/ecosystems where she works.[12]

In addition to her other activities as an environmentalist, Lin has served on the Natural Resources Defense Council board of trustees.

Vietnam Veterans Memorial

 
Maya Lin's winning submission for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial design competition

In 1981, at 21 and still an undergraduate student, Lin won a public design competition to design the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, to be built on the National Mall in Washington D.C. Her design, one of 1,422 submissions,[13] specified a black granite wall with the names of 57,939 fallen soldiers carved into its face (hundreds more have been added since the dedication),[14][15] to be v-shaped, with one side pointing toward the Lincoln Memorial and the other toward the Washington Monument.[14] The memorial was completed in late October 1982 and dedicated in November 1982.[16]

According to Lin, her intention was to create an opening or a wound in the earth to symbolize the pain caused by the war and its many casualties. "I imagined taking a knife and cutting into the earth, opening it up, and with the passage of time, that initial violence and pain would heal," she recalled.[17]

Her winning design was initially controversial for several reasons: its minimalist design,[18] her lack of professional experience, and her Asian ethnicity.[6][19][20] According to one writer, "Some viewed her selection as an affront. They could not understand how a woman, a youth, and a Chinese American could design a memorial for men, for soldiers, and for Americans."[21] Some objected to the exclusion of the surviving veterans' names, while others complained about the dark complexion of the granite, claiming that it expressed a negative attitude towards the Vietnam War. Lin defended her design before the US Congress, and a compromise was reached: The Three Soldiers, a bronze depiction of a group of soldiers and an American flag were placed to the side of Lin's design.[10]

Notwithstanding the initial controversy, the memorial has become an important pilgrimage site for relatives and friends of the dead soldiers, many of whom leave personal tokens and mementos in memory of their loved ones.[22][23] In 2007, an American Institute of Architects poll ranked the memorial No. 10 on a list of America's Favorite Architecture, and it is now one of the most visited sites on the National Mall.[10] Furthermore, it now serves as a memorial for the veterans of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars.[10] There is a collection with items left since 2001 from the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund, which includes handwritten letters and notes of those who lost loved ones during these wars. There is also a pair of combat boots and a note with it dedicated to the veterans of the Vietnam War, that reads "If your generation of Marines had not come home to jeers, insults, and protests, my generation would not come home to thanks, handshakes and hugs."[10]

Lin once said that if the competition had not been held "blind" (with designs submitted by name instead of number), she "never would have won" on account of her ethnicity. Her assertion is supported by the fact that she was harassed after her ethnicity was revealed, as when prominent businessman and later third-party presidential candidate Ross Perot called her an "egg roll."[24]

Later work

 
Lin's 2 × 4 Landscape sculpture made of wood 2x4 pieces on display at the De Young Museum in San Francisco (2009)
 
Lin's Women's Table in front of the Sterling Memorial Library that commemorates the role of women at Yale University

Lin, who now owns and operates Maya Lin Studio in New York City, has designed numerous projects following the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, including the Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama (1989) and the Wave Field outdoor installation at the University of Michigan (1995).[25] Lin is represented by the Pace Gallery in New York City.[26]

A partial list of works

  • Peace-Chapel (completed in 1989), for the Baker Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies and Juniata College. Lin was approached by Elizabeth Evans Baker to design the open-aired chapel, perched on top of a mountain. The chapel represented in one place the connections between peace, art, spirituality, and nature. The site consists of a circle of stones for “pews,” the ground of the earth for a floor, and the boundless sky for a ceiling overhead. ​Located on Baker-Henry Nature Preserve in Huntingdon, PA.
  • Wave Field (completed in 1995), for the University of Michigan. Lin was inspired by both diagrams of fluids in motion and photographs of ocean waves. She was intrigued by the idea of capturing and freezing the motion of water and wished to capture that movement in the earth rather than through photography. Wave Field was her first experiment with earthworks.[27]
  • Eleven Minute Line (completed in 2004), an earthwork in Sweden that was designed for the Wanås Foundation. Lin drew inspiration from the Serpent Mounds (Native American burial mounds) located in her home state, Ohio. It is meant to be a walkway for the viewers to experience, taking eleven minutes to complete.[27] The work was inspired by Robert Smithson's Spiral Jetty.
  • Waterline (completed in 2006), composed of aluminum tubing and paint. Lin has described the piece as a drawing instead of a sculpture. It is a to-scale representation of the Mid-Atlantic ridge, and it is installed so that viewers may walk on the underwater mountain range. One critic saw in the work a purposeful ambiguity as to where the actual water line was in relation to the mountain range, which highlighted the viewers' relationship to the environment and the effect they had on bodies of water.[31][32]
  • Bodies of Water series (completed in 2006), consisting of representations of three bodies of water, "The Black Sea," "The Caspian Sea," and "The Red Sea". Each sculpture is made of layers of birch plywood, and are to-scale representations of three endangered bodies of water. The sculptures are balanced on the deepest point of the sea. Lin wished to call attention to the "unseen ecosystems" that people continue to pollute.[33]
  • Input (with Tan Lin, completed in 2004). Lin was commissioned by Ohio University to design what is known as Input in that institution's Bicentennial Park,[34] a landscape designed to resemble a computer punch card. The work relates to Lin's first official connection with the university. The daughter of the late Professor Emerita of English Julia Lin and the late Henry Lin, dean emeritus of the College of Fine Arts, Maya Lin studied computer programming at the university while in high school. The installation is located in a 3.5-acre park. It has 21 rectangles, some raised and some depressed, resembling computer punch cards, a mainstay of early programming courses.[35]
  • 2 × 4 Landscape (completed in 2008), a 30-ton sculpture made of many pieces of wood, which was exhibited at the M.H. de Young Memorial Museum, in San Francisco.[36] The sculpture itself is evocative of the swelling movement of water, which is juxtaposed with the dry materiality of the lumber pieces. According to Lin, 2 × 4 Landscape was her attempt to bring the experience of Wavefield (1995) indoors. The 2 × 4 pieces are also meant to be reminiscent of pixels, to evoke the "virtual or digital space that we are increasingly occupying."[37]
  • Wave Field, (completed in 2008), at the Storm King Art Center in New York state.[38][39] It is the center's first earthwork, spanning 4 acres of land, and is a larger version of her original Wave Field (1995) that focuses on the "fusion of opposites,"[40] comparing the motion of water to the material of the earth.
  • Design of a building (2009) for the Museum of Chinese in America, near New York City's Chinatown. Lin said that she found the project to be personally significant, explaining that she wants her two daughters to "know that part of their heritage".[2]
  • A Fold in the Field (completed in 2013). Her largest work to date, it was built from 105,000m cubic meters of earth, covering 3 hectares. It forms part of a private collection within a sculpture park, owned by Alan Gibbs, north of Auckland, New Zealand.[44]
  • Since around 2010, Lin has been working on what she calls "her final memorial,"[45] the What Is Missing? Foundation, to commemorate the biodiversity that has been lost in the planet's sixth mass extinction. She aims to raise awareness about the loss of biodiversity and natural habitats by using sound, media, science, and art for temporary installations and a web-based project. What Is Missing? exists not in one specific site but in many forms and in many places simultaneously.[46]
  • From 2015 to 2021, Lin worked on the renovation and reconfiguration of the Neilson Library and its grounds at Smith College.[47] A project in Madison Square Park, "Ghost Forest," was postponed until 2021.[48]
  • Both What is Missing and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial were referred to by the White House in its press release that announced Lin as one of the 2016 recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Nature and the environment have been central concerns for Lin in both her art and architecture: "As an artist I often work in series, and so for me, I wanted my last memorial to be on a subject that I have personally been concerned with and connected to since I was a child. The last memorial is "What Is Missing?" And encompasses multiple platforms, with temporary and permanent physical installations as well as an interactive online component."[49] She has expressed her concerns for the goals of the Trump administration: "I think nature is resilient— if we protect it—and with my background I wanted to lend a voice to the incredible threat we are under from climate change and species and habitat loss."[49]

Exhibitions

  • Il Cortile Mare (1998-1999), an exhibition of furniture design, maquettes and photos of works at the American Academy in Rome.[50]

Written works

  • Maya Lin, Boundaries (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000).[51][52]

Design methodology

Maya Lin calls herself a "designer," rather than an "architect".[53] Her vision and her focus are always on how space needs to be in the future, the balance and relationship with the nature and what it means to people. She has tried to focus less on how politics influences design and more on what emotions the space would create and what it would symbolize to the user. Her belief in a space being connected and the transition from inside to outside being fluid, coupled with what a space means, has led her to create some very memorable designs. She has also worked on sculptures and landscape installations, such as “Input” artwork at Ohio University. In doing so, Lin focuses on memorializing concepts of time periods instead of direct representations of figures, creating an abstract sculptures and installations.[citation needed]

Lin believes that art should be an act of any individual who is willing to say something that is new and not quite familiar.[54] In her own words, Lin's work "originates from a simple desire to make people aware of their surroundings, not just the physical world but also the psychological world we live in."[55] Lin describes her creative process as having a very important writing and verbal component. She first imagines an artwork verbally to understand its concepts and meanings. She believes that gathering ideas and information is especially vital in architecture, which focuses on humanity and life and requires a well-rounded mind.[56] When a project comes her way, she tries to "understand the definition (of the site) in a verbal before finding the form to understand what a piece is conceptually and what its nature should be even before visiting the site".[54] After she completely understands the definition of the site, Lin finalizes her designs by creating numerous renditions of her project in model form.[55] In her historical memorials, such as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, the Women's Table, and the Civil Rights Memorial, Lin tries to focus on the chronological aspect of what she is memorializing. That theme is shown in her art memorializing the changing environment and in charting the depletion of bodies of water.[57] Lin also explores themes of juxtaposing materials and a fusion of opposites: "I feel I exist on the boundaries. Somewhere between science and art, art and architecture, public and private, east and west.... I am always trying to find a balance between these opposing forces, finding the place where opposites meet... existing not on either side but on the line that divides."[58]

Personal life

Lin was married to Daniel Wolf (1955–2021), a photography dealer and collector.[59] She has homes in New York and rural Colorado, and is the mother of two daughters, India and Rachel.[47] She has an older brother, the poet Tan Lin.

Recognition

Lin has been awarded honorary doctorate degrees from Yale University, Harvard University, Williams College, and Smith College.[8] In 1987, she was among the youngest to be awarded an honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts by Yale University.[54]

In 1994, she was the subject of the Academy Award-winning[60] documentary Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision. Its title comes from an address she gave at Juniata College in which she spoke of the monument design process in the origin of her work; "My work originates from a simple desire to make people aware of their surroundings and this can include not just the physical but the psychological world that we live in."[54]

In 2002, Lin was elected Alumni Fellow of the Yale Corporation, the governing body of Yale University (upon whose campus sits another of Lin's designs, the Women's Table, designed to commemorate the role of women at Yale University), in an unusually public contest. Her opponent was W. David Lee, a local New Haven minister and graduate of the Yale Divinity School, who was running on a platform to build ties to the community with the support of Yale's unionized employees. Lin was supported by Yale President Richard Levin and other members of the Yale Corporation, and she was the officially endorsed candidate of the Association of Yale Alumni.

In 2003, Lin was chosen to serve on the selection jury of the World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition. A trend toward minimalism and abstraction was noted among the entrants and the finalists as well as in the chosen design for the World Trade Center Memorial.

In 2005, Lin was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters, as well as the National Women's Hall of Fame in Seneca Falls, New York.

President Barack Obama awarded Lin the National Medal of Arts in 2009[61] and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016.[62]

In 2022, the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery in Washington, D.C. announced the first biographical exhibition, "One Life: Maya Lin," dedicated to Lin, noting her contributions as architect, sculptor, environmentalist, and designer of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.[63]

Awards and honors

Selected works

  • Vietnam Veterans Memorial (VVM) (1980–82), Washington, D.C.[67]
  • Aligning Reeds (1985), New Haven, Connecticut[67]
  • Civil Rights Memorial (1988–89), Montgomery, Alabama[67]
  • Open-Air Peace Chapel (1988–89), Juniata College, Huntingdon, Pennsylvania[67]
  • Topo (1989–91), Charlotte Sports Coliseum, Charlotte, North Carolina[67]
  • Eclipsed Time (1989–95), Pennsylvania Station, New York City[67]
  • Women's Table (1990–93), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut[67]
  • Weber House (1991–93), Williamstown, Massachusetts[67]
  • Groundswell (1992–93), Wexner Center for the Arts, Columbus, Ohio[67]
  • Museum for African Art (1992–93), New York City[67]
  • Wave Field (1993–95), FXB Aerospace Engineering Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan[67]
  • 10 Degrees North (1993–96), Rockefeller Foundation Headquarters, New York City[67]
  • A Shift in the Stream (1995–97), Principal Financial Group Headquarters, Des Moines, Iowa[67]
  • Reading a Garden (1996–98), Cleveland Public Library, Cleveland, Ohio[67]
  • Private Duplex Apartment, New York City (1996–98), New York[67]
  • Topographic Landscape (1997) (Portable sculpture)[67]
  • Phases of the Moon (1998) (Portable sculpture)[67]
  • Avalanche (1998) (Portable sculpture)[67]
  • Langston Hughes Library (1999), Clinton, Tennessee[67]
  • Timetable (2000), Stanford University, Stanford, California[67]
  • The character of a hill, under glass (2000–01), American Express Client Services Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota[67]
  • Ecliptic (2001), Grand Rapids, Michigan[67]
  • Input (2004), Bicentennial Park, Athens, Ohio
  • Riggio-Lynch Chapel (2004), Clinton, Tennessee
  • Arts Plaza, Claire Trevor School of the Arts (2005), Irvine, California
  • Confluence Project: Cape Disappointment State Park (2006)
  • Above and Below, Indianapolis Museum of Art (2007)
  • Confluence Project: Vancouver Land Bridge (2008)
  • Confluence Project: Sandy River Delta (2008)
  • Confluence Project: Sacajawea State Park (2010)
  • Ellen S. Clark Hope Plaza, Washington University in St. Louis (2010)
  • Confluence Project: Chief Timothy Park (2011)
  • A Fold in the Field (2013), The Gibbs Farm, Kaipara Harbour, New Zealand
  • "What is Missing? (2009–present), (Various locations, web project)
  • Under the Laurentide, Brown University (2015)[68]
  • Folding the Chesapeake (part of Wonder exhibit): Renwick Gallery, Washington, DC (2015)
  • Neilson Library (2021), Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts (redesign)[69]
  • Ghost Forest (2021), Madison Square Park, New York, New York[70]

Further reading

  • Lin, Maya Ying; Fleming, Jeff; Brenson, Michael; Dowell-Dennis, Terri (1998). Maya Lin: Topologies (Artist and the community). ISBN 1-888826-05-3.
  • Maya Lin: [American Academy in Rome, 10 dicembre 1998-21 febbraio 1999] (1998) ISBN 88-435-6832-9
  • Timetable: Maya Lin (2000) ASIN B000PT331Y (2002, ISBN 0-937031-19-4)
  • Lin, Maya Ying; MacArio, Carla (2000). Boundaries. ISBN 0-684-83417-0. (2006, ISBN 0-7432-9959-0)
  • Landscape Architecture (2/2007), page 110–115, by Susan Hines
  • Sinnott, Susan (2003). Extraordinary Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (Rev. ed.). New York: Children's Press. ISBN 9780516226552.

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  64. ^ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  65. ^ "Maya Lin". NEA. April 17, 2013. Retrieved October 27, 2018.
  66. ^ Graham Bowly (October 7, 2014). "Maya Lin Wins $300,000 Gish Prize". The New York Times. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
  67. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v "Presidential Lectures: Maya Lin". Prelectur.stanford.edu. November 5, 1989. Retrieved April 25, 2012.
  68. ^ Coelho, Courtney (April 22, 2015). "Under the Laurentide installed at BERT". News from Brown. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  69. ^ Stevens, Philip (March 19, 2021). "Maya Lin Completes New Neilson Library at Smith College in Massachusetts". designboom. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
  70. ^ "Maya Lin: Ghost Forest". Madison Square Park Conservancy. Retrieved June 10, 2021.

External links

maya, maya, ying, born, october, 1959, american, designer, sculptor, 1981, while, undergraduate, yale, university, achieved, national, recognition, when, national, design, competition, planned, vietnam, veterans, memorial, washington, 2014bornmaya, ying, 1959,. Maya Ying Lin born October 5 1959 is an American designer and sculptor In 1981 while an undergraduate at Yale University she achieved national recognition when she won a national design competition for the planned Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington D C 1 Maya LinMaya Lin in 2014BornMaya Ying Lin 1959 10 05 October 5 1959 age 63 Athens Ohio U S NationalityAmericanEducationYale UniversityKnown forLand art architecture memorialsNotable workVietnam Veterans Memorial 1982 Civil Rights Memorial 1989 SpouseDaniel WolfChildren2AwardsNational Medal of Arts Presidential Medal of FreedomWebsitemayalin wbr comMaya LinTraditional Chinese林瓔Simplified Chinese林璎TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinLin YingLin has designed numerous memorials public and private buildings landscapes and sculptures Although best known for historical memorials she is also known for environmentally themed works which often address environmental decline According to Lin she draws inspiration from the architecture of nature but believes that nothing she creates can match its beauty Contents 1 Childhood 2 Environmental concerns 3 Vietnam Veterans Memorial 4 Later work 4 1 A partial list of works 4 2 Exhibitions 4 3 Written works 5 Design methodology 6 Personal life 7 Recognition 8 Awards and honors 9 Selected works 10 Further reading 11 References 12 External linksChildhood EditMaya Lin was born in Athens Ohio Her parents emigrated from China to the United States her father in 1948 and her mother in 1949 and settled in Ohio before Lin was born 2 Her father Henry Huan Lin born in Fuzhou Fujian was a ceramist and dean of the Ohio University College of Fine Arts Her mother Julia Chang Lin born in Shanghai is a poet and a former professor of literature at Ohio University She is the half niece of Lin Huiyin who was an American educated artist and poet and said to have been the first female architect in modern China 3 Lin Juemin and Lin Yin Ming both of whom were among the 72 martyrs of the Second Guangzhou uprising were cousins of her grandfather 4 Lin Chang min a Hanlin of Qing dynasty and the emperor s teacher fathered Lin Huiyin with his wife while Maya Lin s father Henry Huan Lin was Lin Chang Min s illegitimate son with his concubine 5 According to Lin she didn t even realize she was ethnically Chinese until later in life and that only in her 30s did she acquire an interest in her cultural background 6 Lin has said that she did not have many friends when growing up stayed home a lot loved to study and loved school While still in high school she took courses at Ohio University where she learned to cast bronze in the school s foundry 7 She graduated in 1977 from Athens High School in The Plains Ohio after which she attended Yale University where she earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1981 and a Master of Architecture in 1986 8 Environmental concerns EditAccording to Lin she has been concerned with environmental issues since she was very young and dedicated much of her time at Yale University to environmental activism 9 She attributes her interest in the environment to her upbringing in rural Ohio the nearby Hopewell and Adena Indian burial mounds inspired her from an early age 10 Noting that much of her later work has focused on the relationship people have with their environment as expressed in her earthworks sculptures and installations Lin said I m very much a product of the growing awareness about ecology and the environmental movement I am very drawn to landscape and my work is about finding a balance in the landscape respecting nature not trying to dominate it Even the Vietnam Veterans Memorial is an earthwork All of my work is about slipping things in inserting an order or a structuring yet making an interface so that in the end rather than a hierarchy there is a balance and tension between the man made and the natural According to the scholar Susette Min Lin s work uncovers hidden histories to bring attention to landscapes and environments that would otherwise be inaccessible to viewers and deploys the concept to discuss the inextricable relationship between nature and the built environment 11 Lin s focus on this relationship highlights the impact humanity has on the environment and draws attention to issues such as global warming endangered bodies of water and animal extinction endangerment She has explored these issues in her recent memorial called What Is Missing According to one commentator Lin constructs her works to have a minimal effect on the environment by utilizing recycled and sustainable materials by minimizing carbon emissions and by attempting to avoid damaging the landscapes ecosystems where she works 12 In addition to her other activities as an environmentalist Lin has served on the Natural Resources Defense Council board of trustees Vietnam Veterans Memorial Edit Maya Lin s winning submission for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial design competition Further information Vietnam Veterans Memorial In 1981 at 21 and still an undergraduate student Lin won a public design competition to design the Vietnam Veterans Memorial to be built on the National Mall in Washington D C Her design one of 1 422 submissions 13 specified a black granite wall with the names of 57 939 fallen soldiers carved into its face hundreds more have been added since the dedication 14 15 to be v shaped with one side pointing toward the Lincoln Memorial and the other toward the Washington Monument 14 The memorial was completed in late October 1982 and dedicated in November 1982 16 According to Lin her intention was to create an opening or a wound in the earth to symbolize the pain caused by the war and its many casualties I imagined taking a knife and cutting into the earth opening it up and with the passage of time that initial violence and pain would heal she recalled 17 Her winning design was initially controversial for several reasons its minimalist design 18 her lack of professional experience and her Asian ethnicity 6 19 20 According to one writer Some viewed her selection as an affront They could not understand how a woman a youth and a Chinese American could design a memorial for men for soldiers and for Americans 21 Some objected to the exclusion of the surviving veterans names while others complained about the dark complexion of the granite claiming that it expressed a negative attitude towards the Vietnam War Lin defended her design before the US Congress and a compromise was reached The Three Soldiers a bronze depiction of a group of soldiers and an American flag were placed to the side of Lin s design 10 Notwithstanding the initial controversy the memorial has become an important pilgrimage site for relatives and friends of the dead soldiers many of whom leave personal tokens and mementos in memory of their loved ones 22 23 In 2007 an American Institute of Architects poll ranked the memorial No 10 on a list of America s Favorite Architecture and it is now one of the most visited sites on the National Mall 10 Furthermore it now serves as a memorial for the veterans of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars 10 There is a collection with items left since 2001 from the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund which includes handwritten letters and notes of those who lost loved ones during these wars There is also a pair of combat boots and a note with it dedicated to the veterans of the Vietnam War that reads If your generation of Marines had not come home to jeers insults and protests my generation would not come home to thanks handshakes and hugs 10 Lin once said that if the competition had not been held blind with designs submitted by name instead of number she never would have won on account of her ethnicity Her assertion is supported by the fact that she was harassed after her ethnicity was revealed as when prominent businessman and later third party presidential candidate Ross Perot called her an egg roll 24 Later work Edit Lin s 2 4 Landscape sculpture made of wood 2x4 pieces on display at the De Young Museum in San Francisco 2009 Lin s Women s Table in front of the Sterling Memorial Library that commemorates the role of women at Yale University Lin who now owns and operates Maya Lin Studio in New York City has designed numerous projects following the Vietnam Veterans Memorial including the Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery Alabama 1989 and the Wave Field outdoor installation at the University of Michigan 1995 25 Lin is represented by the Pace Gallery in New York City 26 A partial list of works Edit Peace Chapel completed in 1989 for the Baker Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies and Juniata College Lin was approached by Elizabeth Evans Baker to design the open aired chapel perched on top of a mountain The chapel represented in one place the connections between peace art spirituality and nature The site consists of a circle of stones for pews the ground of the earth for a floor and the boundless sky for a ceiling overhead Located on Baker Henry Nature Preserve in Huntingdon PA Wave Field completed in 1995 for the University of Michigan Lin was inspired by both diagrams of fluids in motion and photographs of ocean waves She was intrigued by the idea of capturing and freezing the motion of water and wished to capture that movement in the earth rather than through photography Wave Field was her first experiment with earthworks 27 Confluence Project completed in 2000 a series of outdoor installations at historical points along the Columbia River and Snake River in the states of Washington and Oregon 28 Eleven Minute Line completed in 2004 an earthwork in Sweden that was designed for the Wanas Foundation Lin drew inspiration from the Serpent Mounds Native American burial mounds located in her home state Ohio It is meant to be a walkway for the viewers to experience taking eleven minutes to complete 27 The work was inspired by Robert Smithson s Spiral Jetty A new plaza completed in 2005 at the Claire Trevor School of the Arts at the University of California Irvine 29 30 Waterline completed in 2006 composed of aluminum tubing and paint Lin has described the piece as a drawing instead of a sculpture It is a to scale representation of the Mid Atlantic ridge and it is installed so that viewers may walk on the underwater mountain range One critic saw in the work a purposeful ambiguity as to where the actual water line was in relation to the mountain range which highlighted the viewers relationship to the environment and the effect they had on bodies of water 31 32 Bodies of Water series completed in 2006 consisting of representations of three bodies of water The Black Sea The Caspian Sea and The Red Sea Each sculpture is made of layers of birch plywood and are to scale representations of three endangered bodies of water The sculptures are balanced on the deepest point of the sea Lin wished to call attention to the unseen ecosystems that people continue to pollute 33 Input with Tan Lin completed in 2004 Lin was commissioned by Ohio University to design what is known as Input in that institution s Bicentennial Park 34 a landscape designed to resemble a computer punch card The work relates to Lin s first official connection with the university The daughter of the late Professor Emerita of English Julia Lin and the late Henry Lin dean emeritus of the College of Fine Arts Maya Lin studied computer programming at the university while in high school The installation is located in a 3 5 acre park It has 21 rectangles some raised and some depressed resembling computer punch cards a mainstay of early programming courses 35 Above and Below completed in 2007 an outdoor sculpture at the Indianapolis Museum of Art in Indiana The artwork is made of aluminum tubing that has been electrolytically colored by anodization 2 4 Landscape completed in 2008 a 30 ton sculpture made of many pieces of wood which was exhibited at the M H de Young Memorial Museum in San Francisco 36 The sculpture itself is evocative of the swelling movement of water which is juxtaposed with the dry materiality of the lumber pieces According to Lin 2 4 Landscape was her attempt to bring the experience of Wavefield 1995 indoors The 2 4 pieces are also meant to be reminiscent of pixels to evoke the virtual or digital space that we are increasingly occupying 37 Wave Field completed in 2008 at the Storm King Art Center in New York state 38 39 It is the center s first earthwork spanning 4 acres of land and is a larger version of her original Wave Field 1995 that focuses on the fusion of opposites 40 comparing the motion of water to the material of the earth Design of a building 2009 for the Museum of Chinese in America near New York City s Chinatown Lin said that she found the project to be personally significant explaining that she wants her two daughters to know that part of their heritage 2 Silver River 2009 her first work of art in the Las Vegas Strip It is part of a public fine art collection at MGM Mirage s CityCenter which opened December 2009 Lin created an 84 foot 26 m cast of the Colorado River made entirely of reclaimed silver With the sculpture Lin wanted to make a statement about water conservation and the importance of the Colorado River to Nevada in terms of energy and water 41 42 43 The sculpture is displayed behind the front desk of the Aria Resort and Casino A Fold in the Field completed in 2013 Her largest work to date it was built from 105 000m cubic meters of earth covering 3 hectares It forms part of a private collection within a sculpture park owned by Alan Gibbs north of Auckland New Zealand 44 Since around 2010 Lin has been working on what she calls her final memorial 45 the What Is Missing Foundation to commemorate the biodiversity that has been lost in the planet s sixth mass extinction She aims to raise awareness about the loss of biodiversity and natural habitats by using sound media science and art for temporary installations and a web based project What Is Missing exists not in one specific site but in many forms and in many places simultaneously 46 From 2015 to 2021 Lin worked on the renovation and reconfiguration of the Neilson Library and its grounds at Smith College 47 A project in Madison Square Park Ghost Forest was postponed until 2021 48 Both What is Missing and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial were referred to by the White House in its press release that announced Lin as one of the 2016 recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom Nature and the environment have been central concerns for Lin in both her art and architecture As an artist I often work in series and so for me I wanted my last memorial to be on a subject that I have personally been concerned with and connected to since I was a child The last memorial is What Is Missing And encompasses multiple platforms with temporary and permanent physical installations as well as an interactive online component 49 She has expressed her concerns for the goals of the Trump administration I think nature is resilient if we protect it and with my background I wanted to lend a voice to the incredible threat we are under from climate change and species and habitat loss 49 Exhibitions Edit Il Cortile Mare 1998 1999 an exhibition of furniture design maquettes and photos of works at the American Academy in Rome 50 Written works Edit Maya Lin Boundaries New York Simon amp Schuster 2000 51 52 Design methodology EditMaya Lin calls herself a designer rather than an architect 53 Her vision and her focus are always on how space needs to be in the future the balance and relationship with the nature and what it means to people She has tried to focus less on how politics influences design and more on what emotions the space would create and what it would symbolize to the user Her belief in a space being connected and the transition from inside to outside being fluid coupled with what a space means has led her to create some very memorable designs She has also worked on sculptures and landscape installations such as Input artwork at Ohio University In doing so Lin focuses on memorializing concepts of time periods instead of direct representations of figures creating an abstract sculptures and installations citation needed Lin believes that art should be an act of any individual who is willing to say something that is new and not quite familiar 54 In her own words Lin s work originates from a simple desire to make people aware of their surroundings not just the physical world but also the psychological world we live in 55 Lin describes her creative process as having a very important writing and verbal component She first imagines an artwork verbally to understand its concepts and meanings She believes that gathering ideas and information is especially vital in architecture which focuses on humanity and life and requires a well rounded mind 56 When a project comes her way she tries to understand the definition of the site in a verbal before finding the form to understand what a piece is conceptually and what its nature should be even before visiting the site 54 After she completely understands the definition of the site Lin finalizes her designs by creating numerous renditions of her project in model form 55 In her historical memorials such as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial the Women s Table and the Civil Rights Memorial Lin tries to focus on the chronological aspect of what she is memorializing That theme is shown in her art memorializing the changing environment and in charting the depletion of bodies of water 57 Lin also explores themes of juxtaposing materials and a fusion of opposites I feel I exist on the boundaries Somewhere between science and art art and architecture public and private east and west I am always trying to find a balance between these opposing forces finding the place where opposites meet existing not on either side but on the line that divides 58 Personal life EditLin was married to Daniel Wolf 1955 2021 a photography dealer and collector 59 She has homes in New York and rural Colorado and is the mother of two daughters India and Rachel 47 She has an older brother the poet Tan Lin Recognition EditLin has been awarded honorary doctorate degrees from Yale University Harvard University Williams College and Smith College 8 In 1987 she was among the youngest to be awarded an honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts by Yale University 54 In 1994 she was the subject of the Academy Award winning 60 documentary Maya Lin A Strong Clear Vision Its title comes from an address she gave at Juniata College in which she spoke of the monument design process in the origin of her work My work originates from a simple desire to make people aware of their surroundings and this can include not just the physical but the psychological world that we live in 54 In 2002 Lin was elected Alumni Fellow of the Yale Corporation the governing body of Yale University upon whose campus sits another of Lin s designs the Women s Table designed to commemorate the role of women at Yale University in an unusually public contest Her opponent was W David Lee a local New Haven minister and graduate of the Yale Divinity School who was running on a platform to build ties to the community with the support of Yale s unionized employees Lin was supported by Yale President Richard Levin and other members of the Yale Corporation and she was the officially endorsed candidate of the Association of Yale Alumni In 2003 Lin was chosen to serve on the selection jury of the World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition A trend toward minimalism and abstraction was noted among the entrants and the finalists as well as in the chosen design for the World Trade Center Memorial In 2005 Lin was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters as well as the National Women s Hall of Fame in Seneca Falls New York President Barack Obama awarded Lin the National Medal of Arts in 2009 61 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016 62 In 2022 the Smithsonian s National Portrait Gallery in Washington D C announced the first biographical exhibition One Life Maya Lin dedicated to Lin noting her contributions as architect sculptor environmentalist and designer of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial 63 Awards and honors EditThis list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items November 2014 1999 Rome Prize 2000 Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement 64 2003 Finn Juhl Prize 2005 elected to The American Academy of Arts and Letters 2005 elected to National Women s Hall of Fame in Seneca Falls New York 2007 AIA Twenty five Year Award 2009 National Medal of Arts 65 2011 Thomas Jefferson Medal in Architecture awarded jointly by the Thomas Jefferson Foundation and the University of Virginia 2014 The Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize a 300 000 art prize 66 2016 Presidential Medal of Freedom 62 Selected works EditVietnam Veterans Memorial VVM 1980 82 Washington D C 67 Aligning Reeds 1985 New Haven Connecticut 67 Civil Rights Memorial 1988 89 Montgomery Alabama 67 Open Air Peace Chapel 1988 89 Juniata College Huntingdon Pennsylvania 67 Topo 1989 91 Charlotte Sports Coliseum Charlotte North Carolina 67 Eclipsed Time 1989 95 Pennsylvania Station New York City 67 Women s Table 1990 93 Yale University New Haven Connecticut 67 Weber House 1991 93 Williamstown Massachusetts 67 Groundswell 1992 93 Wexner Center for the Arts Columbus Ohio 67 Museum for African Art 1992 93 New York City 67 Wave Field 1993 95 FXB Aerospace Engineering Building University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 67 10 Degrees North 1993 96 Rockefeller Foundation Headquarters New York City 67 A Shift in the Stream 1995 97 Principal Financial Group Headquarters Des Moines Iowa 67 Reading a Garden 1996 98 Cleveland Public Library Cleveland Ohio 67 Private Duplex Apartment New York City 1996 98 New York 67 Topographic Landscape 1997 Portable sculpture 67 Phases of the Moon 1998 Portable sculpture 67 Avalanche 1998 Portable sculpture 67 Langston Hughes Library 1999 Clinton Tennessee 67 Timetable 2000 Stanford University Stanford California 67 The character of a hill under glass 2000 01 American Express Client Services Center Minneapolis Minnesota 67 Ecliptic 2001 Grand Rapids Michigan 67 Input 2004 Bicentennial Park Athens Ohio Riggio Lynch Chapel 2004 Clinton Tennessee Arts Plaza Claire Trevor School of the Arts 2005 Irvine California Confluence Project Cape Disappointment State Park 2006 Above and Below Indianapolis Museum of Art 2007 Confluence Project Vancouver Land Bridge 2008 Confluence Project Sandy River Delta 2008 Confluence Project Sacajawea State Park 2010 Ellen S Clark Hope Plaza Washington University in St Louis 2010 Confluence Project Chief Timothy Park 2011 A Fold in the Field 2013 The Gibbs Farm Kaipara Harbour New Zealand What is Missing 2009 present Various locations web project Under the Laurentide Brown University 2015 68 Folding the Chesapeake part of Wonder exhibit Renwick Gallery Washington DC 2015 Neilson Library 2021 Smith College Northampton Massachusetts redesign 69 Ghost Forest 2021 Madison Square Park New York New York 70 Further reading EditLin Maya Ying Fleming Jeff Brenson Michael Dowell Dennis Terri 1998 Maya Lin Topologies Artist and the community ISBN 1 888826 05 3 Maya Lin American Academy in Rome 10 dicembre 1998 21 febbraio 1999 1998 ISBN 88 435 6832 9 Timetable Maya Lin 2000 ASIN B000PT331Y 2002 ISBN 0 937031 19 4 Lin Maya Ying MacArio Carla 2000 Boundaries ISBN 0 684 83417 0 2006 ISBN 0 7432 9959 0 Landscape Architecture 2 2007 page 110 115 by Susan Hines Sinnott Susan 2003 Extraordinary Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders Rev ed New York Children s Press ISBN 9780516226552 References Edit Lewis Michael J September 12 2017 The Right Way to Memorialize an Unpopular War The New York Times Retrieved September 26 2020 a b Paul Berger November 5 2006 Ancient Echoes in a Modern Space The New York Times Retrieved January 2 2009 Peter G Rowe amp Seng Kuan 2004 Architectural Encounters with Essence and Form in Modern China MIT Press ISBN 978 0 262 68151 3 Donald Langmead 2011 Maya Lin A Biography ABC CLIO p 5 ISBN 978 0 313 37854 6 Tom Lashnits 2007 Maya Lin Asian Americans of Achievement Series Infobase Publishing p 56 ISBN 978 1 4381 0036 4 a b Between Art and Architecture The Memory Works of Maya Lin American Association of Museums July August 2008 Archived from the original on September 15 2008 Retrieved December 30 2008 Maya Lin Biography and Interview www achievement org American Academy of Achievement a b Maya Lin Systematic Landscapes Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco Retrieved January 2 2009 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link permanent dead link Munro Eleanor C 2000 Originals American women artists Boulder CO Da Capo Press a b c d e Favorite Jennifer K July 2 2016 We Don t Want Another Vietnam The Wall the Mall History and Memory in the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Education Center Public Art Dialogue 6 2 185 205 doi 10 1080 21502552 2016 1205862 ISSN 2150 2552 Min Susette 2009 Entropic Designs A Review of Maya Lin Systematic Landscapes and Asian American Modern Art Shifting Currents 1900 1970 at the De Young Museum American Quarterly Vol 61 no 1 pp 193 215 Mendelsohn Meredith Maya Lin Art Auction Vol 33 no 4 December 2009 pp 40 90 Art amp Architecture Source EBSCOhost accessed April 14 2017 Vietnam Veterans Memorial Library of Congress Retrieved January 3 2009 a b Facts and Figures Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund Archived from the original on March 4 2010 Retrieved January 3 2009 Frequently Asked Questions Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund Retrieved May 12 2021 History Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund Archived from the original on March 4 2010 Retrieved January 3 2009 The Woman Who Healed America The Attic Retrieved November 5 2019 Vietnam Veterans Memorial Founder Monument Almost Never Got Built NPR org Marla Hochman Maya Lin Vietnam Memorial greenmuseum org Archived from the original on June 21 2010 Retrieved December 30 2008 Kristal Sands Maya Lin s Wall A Tribute to Americans Jack Magazine Archived from the original on November 20 2008 Retrieved December 30 2008 Viet Thanh Nguyen 2016 Nothing Ever Dies Vietnam and the Memory of War Harvard University Press p 53 ISBN 978 0 674 97984 0 Free Resources Women s History Biographies Maya Lin Gale March 12 2002 Archived from the original on February 3 2002 Retrieved April 25 2012 Maya Lin Great Buildings Online Greatbuildings com Retrieved April 25 2012 Frank H Wu 2002 Yellow Race In America Beyond Black and White Basic Books p 95 ISBN 0 465 00639 6 Art 21 Maya Lin s Wave Field PBS Pbs org Retrieved April 25 2012 Kino Carol April 25 2013 Maya Lin s New Memorial Is a City The New York Times Retrieved September 23 2013 a b Deitsch Dina 2009 Maya Lin s Perpetual Landscapes and Storm King Wavefield Woman s Art Journal Vol 30 no 1 p 6 A Meeting of Minds The Seattle Times June 12 2005 Archived from the original on May 7 2006 Retrieved September 7 2006 Guide to the University of California Irvine Claire Trevor School of the Arts Maya Lin Arts Plaza Project Records AS 123 Oac cdlib org Retrieved August 15 2012 Facilities theatres galleries venues rentals classrooms and labs Claire Trevor School of Arts Arts uci edu Archived from the original on January 19 2012 Retrieved August 15 2012 Min Susette 2009 Entropic Designs A Review of Maya Lin Systematic Landscapes and Asian American Modern Art Shifting Currents 1900 1970 at the De Young Museum American Quarterly Vol 61 no 1 p 198 TenBrink Marisa Maya Lin s Environmental Installations Bringing the Outside In p 7 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Cite magazine requires magazine help TenBrink Marisa Maya Lin s Environmental Installations Bringing the Outside In p 10 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Cite magazine requires magazine help Bicentennial Park at Ohio University www ohio edu Ohio University dedicates Bicentennial Park Athens Ohio Ohio University May 15 2004 Archived from the original on November 21 2018 Retrieved February 27 2018 Maya Lin looks at nature from the inside San Francisco Chronicle October 24 2008 Retrieved April 25 2012 TenBrink Marisa Maya Lin s Environmental Installations Bringing the Outside In p 4 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Cite magazine requires magazine help Kino Carol November 7 2008 Once Inspired by a War Now by the Land The New York Times Retrieved November 9 2008 On a gray unusually muggy October day the artist and architect Maya Lin was showing a visitor around Wave Field her new earthwork project at the Storm King Art Center here The 11 acre installation which will open to the public next spring consists of seven rows of undulating hills cradled in a gently sloping valley Cotter Holland May 7 2009 Art Review Storm King Wavefield Where the Ocean Meets the Catskills The New York Times Retrieved May 8 2009 Deitsch Dina 2009 Maya Lin s Perpetual Landscapes and Storm King Wavefield Woman s Art Journal Vol 30 no 1 p 3 Friess Steve December 16 2009 Artist Maya Lin Provides Silver River for Vegas CityCenter Megaresort Sphere News Retrieved January 1 2010 permanent dead link Big gamble Will CityCenter mega resort pay off for Las Vegas East Bay Times January 24 2010 Retrieved November 3 2021 Press Releases CityCenter Las Vegas Press Room Retrieved November 3 2021 Maya Lin A Fold in the Field Gibbs Farm About the Project What Is Missing Archived from the original on September 23 2018 Retrieved March 7 2015 Reed Amanda What Is Missing Maya Lin s Memorial on the Sixth Extinction World Changing Archived from the original on January 20 2015 Retrieved March 7 2015 a b Sokol Brett March 17 2021 For Maya Lin a Victory Lap Gives Way to Mourning The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved March 26 2021 Angeleti Gabriella February 9 2021 Maya Lin s ghost forest will rise in Madison Square Park this spring www theartnewspaper com Retrieved March 26 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link a b Speechless Vietnam Veterans Memorial architect Maya Lin to receive Medal of Freedom NBC News Retrieved March 31 2017 R J Preece 1999 Maya Lin at American Academy Rome World Sculpture News artdesigncafe Retrieved December 30 2011 Maya Lin Boundaries WorldCat OCLC 470354593 Hackett Regina October 19 2000 Maya Lin emerges from the shadows Seattle Post Intelligencer Archived from the original on November 20 2002 Retrieved February 13 2011 In a 2008 interview she said I m not licensed as an architect so I technically cannot label myself as an architect although I would say that we pretty much produce with architects of record supervising I love architecture and I love building architecture but technically legally I m not licensed so I m a designer Between Art and Architecture The Memory Works of Maya Lin American Association of Museums July August 2008 Archived from the original on September 15 2008 Retrieved October 27 2011 a b c d Maya Lin A Strong Clear Vision IMDb November 10 1995 a b Lin Maya Ying 2000 Boundaries New York Simon amp Schuster ISBN 0684834170 OCLC 43591075 Campbell Robert November 30 2000 Rock Paper Vision Artist and Architect Maya Lin Goes Beyond her Powerful Vietnam Veterans Memorial Boston Globe Archived from the original on September 24 2015 Retrieved March 7 2015 TenBrink Marisa Maya Lin s Environmental Installations Bringing the Outside In p 2 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Cite magazine requires magazine help Deitsch Dina 2009 Maya Lin s Perpetual Landscapes and Storm King Wavefield Woman s Art Journal Vol 30 no 1 p 4 Risen Clay March 24 2021 Daniel Wolf 65 Dies Helped Create a Market for Art Photography The New York Times Vol 120 no 59009 p A21 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved March 26 2021 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint url status link The 67th Academy Awards 1995 Nominees and Winners Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences AMPAS Retrieved May 12 2015 White House Announces 2009 National Medal of Arts Recipients Nea gov February 25 2010 Archived from the original on March 1 2010 Retrieved April 25 2012 a b Office of the Press Secretary The White House November 16 2016 President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom Retrieved June 3 2018 National Portrait Gallery Presents One Life Maya Lin Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Institution Retrieved November 8 2022 Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement www achievement org American Academy of Achievement Maya Lin NEA April 17 2013 Retrieved October 27 2018 Graham Bowly October 7 2014 Maya Lin Wins 300 000 Gish Prize The New York Times Retrieved November 12 2014 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Presidential Lectures Maya Lin Prelectur stanford edu November 5 1989 Retrieved April 25 2012 Coelho Courtney April 22 2015 Under the Laurentide installed at BERT News from Brown Retrieved April 26 2015 Stevens Philip March 19 2021 Maya Lin Completes New Neilson Library at Smith College in Massachusetts designboom Retrieved March 30 2021 Maya Lin Ghost Forest Madison Square Park Conservancy Retrieved June 10 2021 External links Edit Visual arts portal Biography portal Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maya Lin Mayalin com Main site for Maya Lin Studio Biography interviews essays artwork images and video clips from PBS series Art 21 Art in the Twenty First Century Season 1 2001 Pace Gallery Maya Lin video produced by Makers Women Who Make America Maya Lin at IMDb Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Maya Lin amp oldid 1145718742, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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