Bouea macrophylla, commonly known as gandaria or plum mango or mango plum in English, is a species of flowering plant native to Southeast Asia. The tree belongs to the family Anacardiaceae which also includes mango and cashew.
A young gandaria fruit in Java. Ripened ones are yellow-orange.Gandaria leaf in Java
The evergreen tree grows to heights of 25 meters. Its leaves are lanceolate to elliptic in shape (see: Leaf shape), and range from 13 to 45 cm (5 to 17 inches) long and from 5 to 7 cm (2 to 3 inches) wide.
The unripe fruit (resembling a mango) are green in colour and mature to an orange/yellow, with the seed being pink. They grow to roughly 2 to 5 cm (0.7 to 1.9 inches) in diameter. The entire fruit, including its skin is edible. The fruit range from sweet to sour in flavor similar to the Alphonso mango,[3] and have a light smell of turpentine. When ripe, the fruit is soft and has fibrous mango-like seeds that have a noticeable purple color.
Thailand : flowers in November to December, and fruit appears from April to May.
Indonesia : flowers in June to November, and fruit appears from March to June.
Distributionedit
The tree is native to Indonesia, and Burma. It is also found in Thailand, Laos, and Malaysia, where it is commercially grown. It can also be found in the northern parts of Pakistan (such as Murree and Nathia Gali).
Usesedit
Culinaryedit
Jus gandaria, mango plum juice consumed in Indonesia
Both the leaves and fruit from the tree can be eaten. The leaves can be eaten raw when they are still young, and can be used in salads. While the seed is edible, the endosperm is generally bitter. The fruit is very acidic and has a mango-like flavour. It can be eaten raw, or made into dishes such as pickle, compote, or sambal. Unripened fruit can be used to make rojak and asinan.[4] In Ambon, the fruit is made for juice.[5]
Functionaledit
The entire tree can be used as an ornamental fruit bearing shade tree due to its dense foliage.[6]
Other namesedit
Ripe Bouea macrophylla or Buah Remia/Setar/Kundang sold in Malaysia
Bouea macrophylla is commonly known in English as the "marian plum", "gandaria", "plum mango" and "mango plum". In Malay, the tree is known as kundang in Malay and its fruit buah kundang. The Malays differentiate between two varieties:
Kundang daun kecil ("small-leaf kundang") also known as remia, remnia or rumenia.
Kundang daun besar ("large-leaf kundang"), also known as kundang hutan ("jungle kundang) or setar. This usually refers to Bouea oppositifolia, and is the origin of the toponymAlor Setar (with alor meaning "small stream").
In Indonesian, it is known as ramania and gandaria. It is also known in Thai as maprang (มะปราง), mayong (มะยง) and mayong chit (มะยงชิด). In Burmese as mayan-thi (မရန်းသီး); and in Vietnamese as thanh trà.
In 2015 a major retailer introduced the fruit to the British public under the name plango, apparently a portmanteau word for "plum" and "mango".[7] At the time the announcements noted the resemblance of the fruit to plums and mangoes, and some of the local press deliberately or naively announced that the fruit was a cross between a plum and a mango,[8] which is not botanically plausible as plums and mangoes are not in the same family.
Referencesedit
^de Kok, R. (2023). "Bouea macrophylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2023: e.T202232072A202411584. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T202232072A202411584.en. Retrieved May 11, 2022.
Species with potential for commercial development Mansfeld database
May 12, 2024
bouea, macrophylla, commonly, known, gandaria, plum, mango, mango, plum, english, species, flowering, plant, native, southeast, asia, tree, belongs, family, anacardiaceae, which, also, includes, mango, cashew, immature, basket, conservation, status, least, con. Bouea macrophylla commonly known as gandaria or plum mango or mango plum in English is a species of flowering plant native to Southeast Asia The tree belongs to the family Anacardiaceae which also includes mango and cashew Bouea macrophylla Immature Bouea macrophylla in a basket Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Sapindales Family Anacardiaceae Genus Bouea Species B macrophylla Binomial name Bouea macrophyllaGriff 2 Synonyms 2 Bouea gandaria BlumeTropidopetalum javanicum Turcz Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Uses 3 1 Culinary 3 2 Functional 4 Other names 5 References 6 SourcesDescription edit nbsp A young gandaria fruit in Java Ripened ones are yellow orange nbsp Gandaria leaf in Java The evergreen tree grows to heights of 25 meters Its leaves are lanceolate to elliptic in shape see Leaf shape and range from 13 to 45 cm 5 to 17 inches long and from 5 to 7 cm 2 to 3 inches wide The unripe fruit resembling a mango are green in colour and mature to an orange yellow with the seed being pink They grow to roughly 2 to 5 cm 0 7 to 1 9 inches in diameter The entire fruit including its skin is edible The fruit range from sweet to sour in flavor similar to the Alphonso mango 3 and have a light smell of turpentine When ripe the fruit is soft and has fibrous mango like seeds that have a noticeable purple color Flowering and fruiting times differ for Thailand and Indonesia Thailand flowers in November to December and fruit appears from April to May Indonesia flowers in June to November and fruit appears from March to June Distribution editThe tree is native to Indonesia and Burma It is also found in Thailand Laos and Malaysia where it is commercially grown It can also be found in the northern parts of Pakistan such as Murree and Nathia Gali Uses editCulinary edit nbsp Jus gandaria mango plum juice consumed in Indonesia Both the leaves and fruit from the tree can be eaten The leaves can be eaten raw when they are still young and can be used in salads While the seed is edible the endosperm is generally bitter The fruit is very acidic and has a mango like flavour It can be eaten raw or made into dishes such as pickle compote or sambal Unripened fruit can be used to make rojak and asinan 4 In Ambon the fruit is made for juice 5 Functional edit The entire tree can be used as an ornamental fruit bearing shade tree due to its dense foliage 6 Other names edit nbsp Ripe Bouea macrophylla or Buah Remia Setar Kundang sold in Malaysia Bouea macrophylla is commonly known in English as the marian plum gandaria plum mango and mango plum In Malay the tree is known as kundang in Malay and its fruit buah kundang The Malays differentiate between two varieties Kundang daun kecil small leaf kundang also known as remia remnia or rumenia Kundang daun besar large leaf kundang also known as kundang hutan jungle kundang or setar This usually refers to Bouea oppositifolia and is the origin of the toponym Alor Setar with alor meaning small stream In Indonesian it is known as ramania and gandaria It is also known in Thai as maprang maprang mayong mayng and mayong chit mayngchid In Burmese as mayan thi မရန သ and in Vietnamese as thanh tra In 2015 a major retailer introduced the fruit to the British public under the name plango apparently a portmanteau word for plum and mango 7 At the time the announcements noted the resemblance of the fruit to plums and mangoes and some of the local press deliberately or naively announced that the fruit was a cross between a plum and a mango 8 which is not botanically plausible as plums and mangoes are not in the same family References edit de Kok R 2023 Bouea macrophylla IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2023 e T202232072A202411584 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2023 1 RLTS T202232072A202411584 en Retrieved May 11 2022 a b Bouea macrophylla Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 14 September 2023 This is a mango plum hybrid and they re about to go on sale in the UK BT com Archived from the original on 2019 05 19 Retrieved 2019 04 09 West Australian Nut and Tree Crops Association WANATCA Yearbook ISSN 0312 8997 Vol 20 p 42 1996 Jus Buah Gandaria Perpaduan Jus Mangga dan Jeruk Dengan Manfaat Luar Biasa indonesiakaya com in Indonesian Retrieved 20 March 2023 TopTropicals plant catalog Archived from the original on 2007 09 15 Retrieved 2007 11 21 Fresh Plaza announcement 1 Archived 2018 04 01 at the Wayback Machine Plango press announcementSources editBouea macrophylla taxonomy Species with potential for commercial development Mansfeld database AgroForestryTree Database Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bouea macrophylla amp oldid 1223385100, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
