Maharashtri Prakrit was commonly spoken until 875 CE[1][2][3] and was the official language of the Satavahana dynasty.[6] Works like Karpūramañjarī and Gaha Sattasai (150 BCE) were written in it. Jain Acharya Hemachandra is the grammarian of Maharashtri Prakrit. Maharashtri Prakrit was the most widely used Prakrit language in western and southern India.
The rise of the Prakrits is dated to the middle of the second millennium BCE when they existed alongside Vedic Sanskrit and later evolved into highly developed literary languages.[7] It is a subject of scholarly debate as to whether Sanskrit or the Prakrits are older with some scholars contending that Sanskrit was born out of the Prakrits.[8] According to the Sanskrit scholar, Rajaramshastri Bhagawat, Maharashtri is older and more vivacious than Sanskrit.[9]
Vararuchi, the oldest known grammarian of Prakrit, devotes four chapters of his Prakrita-Prakasha (IAST: Prákṛta-Prakāśa) to the grammar of Maharashtri Prakrit. The other popular Prakrits—Shauraseni, Ardhamagadhi, and Paishachi—merit only one each.[10] This preeminence of Maharashtri is confirmed by Dandin (fl. 6th–7th century) who, in his Kavyadarsha, grants it the highest status among all Prakrits.[8]
Demographics
Maharashtri is the most attested amongst all Prakrit languages.[11] It was spoken from Malwa and Rajputana (north) to the Krishna River and Tungabhadra River region (south). Historians agree that Maharashtri and other Prakrit languages prevailed in what is now modern Maharashtra.[1] Maharashtri was widely spoken in Western India and even as far south as Kannada-speaking region.[12]
Early literature
The Gaha Sattasai is attributed to King Hāla (r. 20-24 CE). Other Maharashtri Prakrit works include the Setubandha of Pravarasena II, Karpuramañjarī and SriHarivijay. The language was used by Vakpati to write the poem Gaudavaho.[2][3] It is also used in the dialogue and songs of low-class characters in Sanskrit plays, especially the famous dramatist Kālidāsa.[2]
Patronage
Maharashtri was the official language of the Satavahana dynasty in the early centuries of the Common Era.[13] Under the patronage of the Satavahana Empire, Maharashtri became the most widespread Prakrit of its time, and also dominated the literary culture amongst the three "Dramatic" Prakrits of the time, Maharashtri, Shauraseni and Magadhi. A version of Maharashtri called Jaina Maharashtri was also employed to write Jain scripture.[citation needed]
^(PDF). November 2013. p. 81. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2016. Retrieved 25 June 2017.
Through many evidences Ketkar and Bhagwat have demonstrated that Marathi has not originated from Sanskrit but it is as old as Sanskrit. While highlighting the conclusion of research of Rajaramshastri Bhagwat, Durga Bhagwat (1979, p. 2) remarks, “He showed that old Mahārāṣṭrī is older and more vivacious than Sanskrit.” It is an important observation and view both as it comes from Rajaramshastri Bhagwat and Durgabai Bhagwat who were both scholars of Sanskrit and Marathi and their dialects, respectively.
^Verma, C.B.; Varma, C.B. (2002). "The Prakrit Bloom". Indian Literature. 46 (1 (207)): 144. JSTOR 23344538.
^C. V. Vaidya, History of Medieval Hindu India, Being a History of India from 600 to 1200 AD, in 3 vols.: Vol. I, p. 317. ISBN81-7020-438-0
^Peter, Austin (2008). One Thousand Languages: Living, Endangered, and Lost. California: University of California Press. p. 118. ISBN978-0520255609.
May 06, 2023
maharashtri, prakrit, maharashtri, mahārāṣṭrī, prākṛta, prakrit, language, ancient, well, medieval, india, maharashtrimahārāṣṭribrahmi, 𑀫𑀳, 𑀭, 𑀱, 𑀝, 𑀭, regionmaharashtra, india, era500, 1000, developed, into, marathi, konkani, language, familyindo, european, i. Maharashtri or Maharashtri Prakrit Maharaṣṭri Prakṛta is a Prakrit language of ancient as well as medieval India 5 2 MaharashtriMaharaṣṭriBrahmi 𑀫𑀳 𑀭 𑀱 𑀝 𑀭 RegionMaharashtra India Era500 BCE 1 2 3 1000 CE developed into Marathi and Konkani 4 Language familyIndo European Indo IranianIndo AryanMaharashtriLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code pmh class extiw title iso639 3 pmh pmh a Linguist ListpmhGlottologmaha1305Maharashtri Prakrit was commonly spoken until 875 CE 1 2 3 and was the official language of the Satavahana dynasty 6 Works like Karpuramanjari and Gaha Sattasai 150 BCE were written in it Jain Acharya Hemachandra is the grammarian of Maharashtri Prakrit Maharashtri Prakrit was the most widely used Prakrit language in western and southern India Contents 1 History 2 Demographics 3 Early literature 4 Patronage 5 See also 6 ReferencesHistory EditThe rise of the Prakrits is dated to the middle of the second millennium BCE when they existed alongside Vedic Sanskrit and later evolved into highly developed literary languages 7 It is a subject of scholarly debate as to whether Sanskrit or the Prakrits are older with some scholars contending that Sanskrit was born out of the Prakrits 8 According to the Sanskrit scholar Rajaramshastri Bhagawat Maharashtri is older and more vivacious than Sanskrit 9 Vararuchi the oldest known grammarian of Prakrit devotes four chapters of his Prakrita Prakasha IAST Prakṛta Prakasa to the grammar of Maharashtri Prakrit The other popular Prakrits Shauraseni Ardhamagadhi and Paishachi merit only one each 10 This preeminence of Maharashtri is confirmed by Dandin fl 6th 7th century who in his Kavyadarsha grants it the highest status among all Prakrits 8 Demographics EditMaharashtri is the most attested amongst all Prakrit languages 11 It was spoken from Malwa and Rajputana north to the Krishna River and Tungabhadra River region south Historians agree that Maharashtri and other Prakrit languages prevailed in what is now modern Maharashtra 1 Maharashtri was widely spoken in Western India and even as far south as Kannada speaking region 12 Early literature EditThe Gaha Sattasai is attributed to King Hala r 20 24 CE Other Maharashtri Prakrit works include the Setubandha of Pravarasena II Karpuramanjari and SriHarivijay The language was used by Vakpati to write the poem Gaudavaho 2 3 It is also used in the dialogue and songs of low class characters in Sanskrit plays especially the famous dramatist Kalidasa 2 Patronage EditMaharashtri was the official language of the Satavahana dynasty in the early centuries of the Common Era 13 Under the patronage of the Satavahana Empire Maharashtri became the most widespread Prakrit of its time and also dominated the literary culture amongst the three Dramatic Prakrits of the time Maharashtri Shauraseni and Magadhi A version of Maharashtri called Jaina Maharashtri was also employed to write Jain scripture citation needed See also EditMalvani KonkaniReferences Edit a b c V Rajwade Maharashtrache prachin rajyakarte a b c d e The Linguist List Archived 2009 12 25 at the Wayback Machine a b c Dr Kolarkar Marathyancha Itihaas Hindu Scriptures Vedic lifestyle Scriptures Vedas Upanishads Smrutis Roots of Konkani in English and Konkani Goa Konkani Akademi Archived from the original on 2008 08 28 Retrieved 2009 09 03 Austin Peter 2008 One Thousand Languages Living Endangered and Lost California University of California Press p 118 ISBN 978 0520255609 Dani A H June 1993 History of Civilizations of Central Asia Unesco Publishing p 357 ISBN 92 3 102719 0 a b Prakrit languages Encyclopaedia Britannica Submission for Classical Status Of Marathi Language PDF November 2013 p 81 Archived from the original PDF on 11 April 2016 Retrieved 25 June 2017 Through many evidences Ketkar and Bhagwat have demonstrated that Marathi has not originated from Sanskrit but it is as old as Sanskrit While highlighting the conclusion of research of Rajaramshastri Bhagwat Durga Bhagwat 1979 p 2 remarks He showed that old Maharaṣṭri is older and more vivacious than Sanskrit It is an important observation and view both as it comes from Rajaramshastri Bhagwat and Durgabai Bhagwat who were both scholars of Sanskrit and Marathi and their dialects respectively Verma C B Varma C B 2002 The Prakrit Bloom Indian Literature 46 1 207 144 JSTOR 23344538 Alfred C Woolner Introduction to Prakrit C V Vaidya History of Medieval Hindu India Being a History of India from 600 to 1200 AD in 3 vols Vol I p 317 ISBN 81 7020 438 0 Peter Austin 2008 One Thousand Languages Living Endangered and Lost California University of California Press p 118 ISBN 978 0520255609 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Maharashtri Prakrit amp oldid 1139890251, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
