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List of systems of plant taxonomy

April 26, 2024

This list of systems of plant taxonomy presents "taxonomic systems" used in plant classification.

A pioneering system of plant taxonomy, Linnaeus's Systema Naturae, Leiden, 1735

A taxonomic system is a coherent whole of taxonomic judgments on circumscription and placement of the considered taxa. It is only a "system" if it is applied to a large group of such taxa (for example, all the flowering plants).

There are two main criteria for this list. A system must be taxonomic, that is deal with many plants, by their botanical names. Secondly it must be a system, i.e. deal with the relationships of plants. Although thinking about relationships of plants had started much earlier (see history of plant systematics), such systems really only came into being in the 19th century, as a result of an ever-increasing influx from all over the world of newly discovered plant species. The 18th century saw some early systems, which are perhaps precursors rather than full taxonomic systems.

A milestone event was the publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus which serves as the starting point of binomial nomenclature for plants. By its size this would qualify to be on this list, but it does not deal with relationships, beyond assigning plants into genera.

Note that a system is not necessarily monolithic and often goes through several stages of development, resulting in several versions of the same system. When a system is widely adopted, many authors will adopt their own particular version of the system. The Cronquist system is well known for existing in many versions.

Chronological list of systems edit

Pre-Linnaean edit

From Linnaeus to Darwin (pre-Darwinian) edit

  • Linnaean systems
    Systema Naturae, 1st edition, 1735.
    Systema Naturae, 10th edition, 1758 (vol. 1), 1759 (vol. 2). Starting point of zoological nomenclature.
    Species Plantarum, 1753. Starting point of botanical nomenclature.
    Genera Plantarum, 1737 (1st ed.), 1753 (5th ed.).
    Philosophia Botanica, 1751.
  • Adanson system
    Familles naturelles des plantes, 1763.
  • de Jussieu system
    A.L. de Jussieu (1789). Genera Plantarum, secundum ordines naturales disposita juxta methodum in Horto Regio Parisiensi exaratam. apud viduam Herissant, typographum, viâ novâ B. M. sub signo Crucis aureæ.
    (available online at Gallica)
  • de Candolle system
    A. P. de Candolle (1819). Théorie Élémentaire de la botanique, ou exposition des principes de la classification naturelle et de l'art de décrire et d'etudier les végétaux (2nd ed.).[1]
    A. P. de Candolle; et al. (1824–1873). Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis sive enumeratio contracta ordinum, generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum, juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta.
    (available online at Gallica)
  • Berchtold and Presl system
    Berchtold and Presl. O Prirozenosti Rostlin 1820
  • Dumortier system
    Dumortier, Barthélemy-Charles (1829). Analyse des familles des plantes :avec l'indication des principaux genres qui s'y rattachent (in French). Tournay: Casterman. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  • Lindley system
    Lindley (1830). An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany.
    (available online at BHL)
    Lindley (1845). The Vegetable Kingdom.
    (available online at BHL)
  • Bentham & Hooker system
    G. Bentham & J.D. Hooker (1862–1883). Genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis kewensibus servata definita. 3 volumes.
    (available online at Gallica)
  • Baillon system
    H. Baillon (1867–1894). Histoire des plantes. 13 volumes.

Post Darwinian (Phyletic) edit

See also: Phylogenetic Systems
  • Eichler system
    Eichler (1883). Syllabus der Vorlesungen über Phanerogamenkunde (3rd ed.).
  • Van Tieghem system
    Van Tieghem, Philippe Édouard Léon; (1884; 2nd ed., 1891) (1891). Traité de botanique (in French). Paris: Savy. Retrieved 27 December 2015.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  • Engler system
    A. Engler; K. Prantl & (1887–1915; 2nd edition, 1924–). Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. W. Engelmann.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
    A. Engler (1892). Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik [or, in further editions, Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien].
  • Dalla Torre & Harms system
    K.W. von Dalla Torre & H. Harms (1900–1907). Genera Siphonogamarum, ad systema Englerianum conscripta. Lipsiae, G. Engelmann.
  • Bessey system
    Charles E. Bessey (1907). "A Synopsis of Plant Phyla". Univ. Nebraska Studies 7: 275–358.
    Charles E. Bessey (1915). "The phylogenetic taxonomy of flowering plants". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 2 (1/2): 109–164. doi:10.2307/2990030. JSTOR 2990030.
  • Wettstein system
    R. Wettstein; (in two volumes, 1901-1908; 2nd edition, 1911; 3rd edition, 1923-24; 4th edition, 1933–35) (1911). "Handbuch der systematischen Botanik". Nature. 87 (2184): 308. Bibcode:1911Natur..87..308W. doi:10.1038/087308a0. hdl:2027/chi.095529285. S2CID 3965720.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  • Rendle system
    Alfred Barton Rendle. The Classification of Flowering Plants 1904, 1925
  • Lotsy system
    Johannes Paulus Lotsy. Vorträge über botanische Stammesgeschichte, gehalten an der Reichsuniversität zu Leiden. Ein Lehrbuch der Pflanzensystematik. 1907–1911
  • Hallier system
    Hallier, H (1912). "L'origine et le système phylétique des angiospermes exposés à l'aide de leur arbre généalogique". Archives Néerlandaises des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Série III. B. 1: 146–234.
  • Warming system
    Warming, Eugenius (1912). Frøplanterne (Spermatofyter) (in Danish). Kjøbenhavn: Gyldendalske Boghandel Nordisk Forlag. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
  • Hutchinson system
    J. Hutchinson; (two volumes, 1926–1934; 2nd edition 1959; 3rd edition, 1973). The families of flowering plants, arranged according to a new system based on their probable phylogeny.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  • Calestani system
    Calestani, Vittorio (1933). "Le origini e la classificazione delle Angiosperme". Archo. Bot. Sist. Fito-Geogr. Genet. 9: 274–311.
  • Kimura system
    Kimura, Yojiro (1956). "Système et phylogénie des monocotyledones". Notulae Systematicae, Herbier du Muséum de Paris. 15: 137–159.
  • Benson system
    Lyman David Benson. Plant Classification 1957
  • Emberger system
    Chaudefaud, Marius; Emberger, Louis (1960). Traité de Botanique systématique 2 vols. Paris: Masson.
  • Melchior system
    H. Melchior (1964). Adolf Engler (ed.). Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien (12th edition, II. Band ed.). Berlin-Nikolassee, Gebr. Borntraeger. (also known as modified Engler system, in Angiospermae)
  • Takhtajan system
    A. Takhtajan; (in Russian, 1966). A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
    A. Takhtajan; (1969, transl. from Russian by C. Jeffrey) (1969). Flowering plants: origin and dispersal. Oliver & Boyd. ISBN 978-0-05-001715-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
    A. Takhtajan (1980). "Outline of the classification of flowering plants (Magnoliophya)". Botanical Review. 46 (3): 225–359. Bibcode:1980BotRv..46..225T. doi:10.1007/BF02861558. S2CID 30764910.
    A. Takhtajan (1997). Diversity and classification of flowering plants. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-10098-4.
  • Cronquist system
    A. Cronquist; (1968; 2nd edition 1988) (1988). The evolution and classification of flowering plants. New York Botanical Garden. ISBN 978-0-89327-332-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
    A. Cronquist (1981). An integrated system of classification of flowering plants. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-03880-5.
  • Thorne system
    R.F. Thorne (1968). "Synopsis of a putative phylogenetic classification of flowering plants". Aliso. 6 (4): 57–66. doi:10.5642/aliso.19680604.06.
    R.F. Thorne (1983). "Proposed new alignments in the angiosperms". Nord. J. Bot. 3: 85–117. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1983.tb01447.x.
    R.F. Thorne (1992). "Classification and geography of flowering plants". Botanical Review. 58 (3): 225–348. Bibcode:1992BotRv..58..225T. doi:10.1007/BF02858611. S2CID 40348158.
    R.F. Thorne (1992). "An updated phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants". Aliso. 13 (2): 365–389. doi:10.5642/aliso.19921302.08. S2CID 85738663.
    R.F. Thorne (2000). "The classification and geography of the flowering plants: dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae". Botanical Review. 66 (4): 441–647. Bibcode:2000BotRv..66..441T. doi:10.1007/BF02869011. S2CID 43430454.
  • Stebbins system
    Stebbins, G.L. (1974). Flowering plants: evolution above the species level. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, [2]. [System followed by Heywood, V.H. (ed., 1978). Flowering plants of the world. Oxford: Oxford University Press, [3].]
  • Dahlgren system
    R.M.T. Dahlgren (1975). "A system of classification of angiosperms to be used to demonstrate the distribution of characters". Bot. Notiser. 128: 119–147.
    R.M.T. Dahlgren (1980). "A revised system of classification of angiosperms". Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 80 (2): 91–124. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1980.tb01661.x.
    R.M.T. Dahlgren (1983). "General Aspects of Angiosperm Evolution and Macrosystematics". Nordic Journal of Botany. 3: 119–149. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1983.tb01448.x.
    R.M.T. Dahlgren; et al. (1985). The families of the monocotyledons: structure, evolution, and taxonomy. Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-13655-4.
    G. Dahlgren (1989). "An updated Angiosperm Classification". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 100 (3): 197–203. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1989.tb01717.x.
  • Goldberg system
    Aaron Goldberg (1986). "Classification, Evolution and Phylogeny of the Families of Dicotyledons". Smithsonian Contributions to Botany. 58 (58): 1–314. doi:10.5479/si.0081024x.58. (available online: Full text (PDF) ) [there is also a comparison among 11 Dicotyledons systems since 1960 until 1985]
    Aaron Goldberg (1989). "Classification, Evolution and Phylogeny of the Families of Monocotyledons". Smithsonian Contributions to Botany. 71 (71): 1–73. doi:10.5479/si.0081024x.71. (available online: Full text (PDF) here)
  • Kubitzki system (1990- )
    K. Kubitzki; (1990 ongoing); et al. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  • Shipunov system (1991–)
    (Available online: Full text PDF )
  • Reveal system (1997)
  • Judd system (1999–2016)
    (Modified APG)
    Judd, Walter S. (2008). Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach (3rd ed.). Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
    Judd, Walter S. (2016). (4th ed.). Sinauer Associates. ISBN 978-1-60535-389-0. Archived from the original on 25 December 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
  • APG system
    APG I (1998)
    APG (1998). "An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 85 (4): 531–553. doi:10.2307/2992015. JSTOR 2992015.
    W.S. Judd & al.; (1999; 2nd edition, 2002) (2002). Plant systematics: a phylogenetic approach. W.H. Freeman. ISBN 978-0-87893-403-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
    APG II (2003)
    APG (2003). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 141 (4): 399–436. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x.
    (Available online: Abstract | Full text (HTML) | Full text (PDF))
    APG III (2009)
    APG (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 399–436. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.
    (Available online: [4])
    Chase & Reveal System (2009)
    Chase, Mark W. & Reveal, James L. (2009), "A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 122–127, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x
    (Available online at doi link.)
    APG IV (2016)
    APG IV (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385.

Other systems edit

References edit

  1. ^ A. P. de Candolle (1819). Théorie élémentaire de la botanique, ou exposition des principes de la classification naturelle et de l'art de décrire et d'etudier les végétaux (2nd ed.).

External links edit

  • List of systems on a Russian server, by Alexey Shipunov
  • Minelli, Alessandro (1993). Biological Systematics. The State of the Art. Chapman & Hall, London. 387 pp. , with major systematic works.
  • Review of systems 1703–1845, in Lindley, John (1846): The Vegetable Kingdom
  • Rao M. M., Reddy, S.M. (2007), Plant Taxonomy: Systems of Classification, in Reddy S. M. et al. (eds.) University Botany – 3, New Age International, pp. 7–32 ISBN 978-81-224-1547-6

Bibliography edit

  • Dahlgren, Rolf; Clifford, H. T. (1982). The monocotyledons: A comparative study. London and New York: Academic Press. ISBN 9780122006807.
  • Reddy, S.M. (2007), University botany: Angiosperms, plant embryology and plant physiology, New Age International, p. 7, ISBN 978-81-224-1547-6
  • Stafleu, Frans A.; Cowan, Richard S. (1976–1988). Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types: Taxon. Lit., ed. 2 (TL2) (2nd ed.). Utrecht: Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema. ISBN 90-313-0224-4.

April 26, 2024
list, systems, plant, taxonomy, this, list, systems, plant, taxonomy, presents, taxonomic, systems, used, plant, classification, pioneering, system, plant, taxonomy, linnaeus, systema, naturae, leiden, 1735, taxonomic, system, coherent, whole, taxonomic, judgm. This list of systems of plant taxonomy presents taxonomic systems used in plant classification A pioneering system of plant taxonomy Linnaeus s Systema Naturae Leiden 1735 A taxonomic system is a coherent whole of taxonomic judgments on circumscription and placement of the considered taxa It is only a system if it is applied to a large group of such taxa for example all the flowering plants There are two main criteria for this list A system must be taxonomic that is deal with many plants by their botanical names Secondly it must be a system i e deal with the relationships of plants Although thinking about relationships of plants had started much earlier see history of plant systematics such systems really only came into being in the 19th century as a result of an ever increasing influx from all over the world of newly discovered plant species The 18th century saw some early systems which are perhaps precursors rather than full taxonomic systems A milestone event was the publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus which serves as the starting point of binomial nomenclature for plants By its size this would qualify to be on this list but it does not deal with relationships beyond assigning plants into genera Note that a system is not necessarily monolithic and often goes through several stages of development resulting in several versions of the same system When a system is widely adopted many authors will adopt their own particular version of the system The Cronquist system is well known for existing in many versions Contents 1 Chronological list of systems 1 1 Pre Linnaean 1 2 From Linnaeus to Darwin pre Darwinian 1 3 Post Darwinian Phyletic 2 Other systems 3 References 4 External links 5 BibliographyChronological list of systems editPre Linnaean edit See also Pre Linnaean taxonomy Theophrastus classificationHistoria Plantarum Enquiry into Plants c 300 BC Causes of Plants c 300 BC dd Dioscorides classificationDe Materia Medica c 60 AD dd Albertus Magnus classificationDe Vegetabilibus c 1256 1 dd Caesalpino classificationDe plantis libri XVI 1583 dd John Gerard classificationHerball or Generall Historie of Plantes 1597 dd Gaspard Bauhin classificationPinax theatri botanici 1623 dd John Ray classificationHistoria Plantarum 1686 1704 dd Tournefort classificationElements de botanique 1694 dd From Linnaeus to Darwin pre Darwinian edit Linnaean systems Systema Naturae 1st edition 1735 Systema Naturae 10th edition 1758 vol 1 1759 vol 2 Starting point of zoological nomenclature Species Plantarum 1753 Starting point of botanical nomenclature Genera Plantarum 1737 1st ed 1753 5th ed Philosophia Botanica 1751 Adanson system Familles naturelles des plantes 1763 de Jussieu system A L de Jussieu 1789 Genera Plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita juxta methodum in Horto Regio Parisiensi exaratam apud viduam Herissant typographum via nova B M sub signo Crucis aureae available online at Gallica de Candolle system A P de Candolle 1819 Theorie Elementaire de la botanique ou exposition des principes de la classification naturelle et de l art de decrire et d etudier les vegetaux 2nd ed 1 A P de Candolle et al 1824 1873 Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis sive enumeratio contracta ordinum generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta available online at Gallica Berchtold and Presl system Berchtold and Presl O Prirozenosti Rostlin 1820 Dumortier system Dumortier Barthelemy Charles 1829 Analyse des familles des plantes avec l indication des principaux genres qui s y rattachent in French Tournay Casterman Retrieved 16 January 2016 Lindley system Lindley 1830 An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany available online at BHL Lindley 1845 The Vegetable Kingdom available online at BHL Bentham amp Hooker system G Bentham amp J D Hooker 1862 1883 Genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis kewensibus servata definita 3 volumes available online at Gallica Baillon system H Baillon 1867 1894 Histoire des plantes 13 volumes Post Darwinian Phyletic edit See also Phylogenetic Systems Eichler system Eichler 1883 Syllabus der Vorlesungen uber Phanerogamenkunde 3rd ed Van Tieghem system Van Tieghem Philippe Edouard Leon 1884 2nd ed 1891 1891 Traite de botanique in French Paris Savy Retrieved 27 December 2015 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Engler system A Engler K Prantl amp 1887 1915 2nd edition 1924 Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien W Engelmann a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link A Engler 1892 Syllabus der Vorlesungen uber specielle und medicinisch pharmaceutische Botanik or in further editions Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien Dalla Torre amp Harms system K W von Dalla Torre amp H Harms 1900 1907 Genera Siphonogamarum ad systema Englerianum conscripta Lipsiae G Engelmann Bessey system Charles E Bessey 1907 A Synopsis of Plant Phyla Univ Nebraska Studies 7 275 358 Charles E Bessey 1915 The phylogenetic taxonomy of flowering plants Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 2 1 2 109 164 doi 10 2307 2990030 JSTOR 2990030 Wettstein system R Wettstein in two volumes 1901 1908 2nd edition 1911 3rd edition 1923 24 4th edition 1933 35 1911 Handbuch der systematischen Botanik Nature 87 2184 308 Bibcode 1911Natur 87 308W doi 10 1038 087308a0 hdl 2027 chi 095529285 S2CID 3965720 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Rendle system Alfred Barton Rendle The Classification of Flowering Plants 1904 1925 Lotsy system Johannes Paulus Lotsy Vortrage uber botanische Stammesgeschichte gehalten an der Reichsuniversitat zu Leiden Ein Lehrbuch der Pflanzensystematik 1907 1911 Hallier system Hallier H 1912 L origine et le systeme phyletique des angiospermes exposes a l aide de leur arbre genealogique Archives Neerlandaises des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles Serie III B 1 146 234 Warming system Warming Eugenius 1912 Froplanterne Spermatofyter in Danish Kjobenhavn Gyldendalske Boghandel Nordisk Forlag Retrieved 28 December 2015 Hutchinson system J Hutchinson two volumes 1926 1934 2nd edition 1959 3rd edition 1973 The families of flowering plants arranged according to a new system based on their probable phylogeny a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Calestani system Calestani Vittorio 1933 Le origini e la classificazione delle Angiosperme Archo Bot Sist Fito Geogr Genet 9 274 311 Kimura system Kimura Yojiro 1956 Systeme et phylogenie des monocotyledones Notulae Systematicae Herbier du Museum de Paris 15 137 159 Benson system Lyman David Benson Plant Classification 1957 Emberger system Chaudefaud Marius Emberger Louis 1960 Traite de Botanique systematique 2 vols Paris Masson Melchior system H Melchior 1964 Adolf Engler ed Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien 12th edition II Band ed Berlin Nikolassee Gebr Borntraeger also known as modified Engler system in Angiospermae Takhtajan system A Takhtajan in Russian 1966 A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link A Takhtajan 1969 transl from Russian by C Jeffrey 1969 Flowering plants origin and dispersal Oliver amp Boyd ISBN 978 0 05 001715 9 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link A Takhtajan 1980 Outline of the classification of flowering plants Magnoliophya Botanical Review 46 3 225 359 Bibcode 1980BotRv 46 225T doi 10 1007 BF02861558 S2CID 30764910 A Takhtajan 1997 Diversity and classification of flowering plants Columbia University Press ISBN 978 0 231 10098 4 Cronquist system A Cronquist 1968 2nd edition 1988 1988 The evolution and classification of flowering plants New York Botanical Garden ISBN 978 0 89327 332 3 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link A Cronquist 1981 An integrated system of classification of flowering plants Columbia University Press ISBN 978 0 231 03880 5 Thorne system R F Thorne 1968 Synopsis of a putative phylogenetic classification of flowering plants Aliso 6 4 57 66 doi 10 5642 aliso 19680604 06 R F Thorne 1983 Proposed new alignments in the angiosperms Nord J Bot 3 85 117 doi 10 1111 j 1756 1051 1983 tb01447 x R F Thorne 1992 Classification and geography of flowering plants Botanical Review 58 3 225 348 Bibcode 1992BotRv 58 225T doi 10 1007 BF02858611 S2CID 40348158 R F Thorne 1992 An updated phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants Aliso 13 2 365 389 doi 10 5642 aliso 19921302 08 S2CID 85738663 R F Thorne 2000 The classification and geography of the flowering plants dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae Botanical Review 66 4 441 647 Bibcode 2000BotRv 66 441T doi 10 1007 BF02869011 S2CID 43430454 Stebbins system Stebbins G L 1974 Flowering plants evolution above the species level Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press 2 System followed by Heywood V H ed 1978 Flowering plants of the world Oxford Oxford University Press 3 Dahlgren system R M T Dahlgren 1975 A system of classification of angiosperms to be used to demonstrate the distribution of characters Bot Notiser 128 119 147 R M T Dahlgren 1980 A revised system of classification of angiosperms Bot J Linn Soc 80 2 91 124 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8339 1980 tb01661 x R M T Dahlgren 1983 General Aspects of Angiosperm Evolution and Macrosystematics Nordic Journal of Botany 3 119 149 doi 10 1111 j 1756 1051 1983 tb01448 x R M T Dahlgren et al 1985 The families of the monocotyledons structure evolution and taxonomy Springer ISBN 978 0 387 13655 4 G Dahlgren 1989 An updated Angiosperm Classification Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 100 3 197 203 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8339 1989 tb01717 x Goldberg system Aaron Goldberg 1986 Classification Evolution and Phylogeny of the Families of Dicotyledons Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 58 58 1 314 doi 10 5479 si 0081024x 58 available online Full text PDF here there is also a comparison among 11 Dicotyledons systems since 1960 until 1985 Aaron Goldberg 1989 Classification Evolution and Phylogeny of the Families of Monocotyledons Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 71 71 1 73 doi 10 5479 si 0081024x 71 available online Full text PDF here Kubitzki system 1990 K Kubitzki 1990 ongoing et al The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Shipunov system 1991 Available online Full text PDF Reveal system 1997 Reveal System of Classification 1997 Judd system 1999 2016 Modified APG Judd Walter S 2008 Plant systematics a phylogenetic approach 3rd ed Sinauer Associates ISBN 978 0 87893 407 2 Retrieved 29 January 2014 Judd Walter S 2016 Plant systematics a phylogenetic approach 4th ed Sinauer Associates ISBN 978 1 60535 389 0 Archived from the original on 25 December 2016 Retrieved 24 December 2016 APG system APG I 1998 APG 1998 An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85 4 531 553 doi 10 2307 2992015 JSTOR 2992015 W S Judd amp al 1999 2nd edition 2002 2002 Plant systematics a phylogenetic approach W H Freeman ISBN 978 0 87893 403 4 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link dd APG II 2003 APG 2003 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants APG II Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 141 4 399 436 doi 10 1046 j 1095 8339 2003 t01 1 00158 x Available online Abstract Full text HTML Full text PDF dd APG III 2009 APG 2009 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants APG III Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 2 399 436 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8339 2009 00996 x hdl 10654 18083 Available online 4 Chase amp Reveal System 2009 Chase Mark W amp Reveal James L 2009 A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 2 122 127 doi 10 1111 j 1095 8339 2009 01002 x Available online at doi link dd dd APG IV 2016 APG IV 2016 An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants APG IV Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181 1 1 20 doi 10 1111 boj 12385 dd Other systems editBartling system 5 Deyl system Endlicher system 6 Fritsch system algae 7 Gundersen system Hallier system Hoek Mann and Jahns system algae Mez system Novak system 8 Pascher system algae 9 Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group system Pulle system Rafinesque system 10 Rouleau system Smith system cryptogams algae fungi bryophytes and pteridophytes Skottsberg system Soo system Strasburguer system 11 Tippo systemReferences edit A P de Candolle 1819 Theorie elementaire de la botanique ou exposition des principes de la classification naturelle et de l art de decrire et d etudier les vegetaux 2nd ed External links editList of systems on a Russian server by Alexey Shipunov Minelli Alessandro 1993 Biological Systematics The State of the Art Chapman amp Hall London 387 pp Appendices 2 23 with major systematic works Review of systems 1703 1845 in Lindley John 1846 The Vegetable Kingdom Rao M M Reddy S M 2007 Plant Taxonomy Systems of Classification in Reddy S M et al eds University Botany 3 New Age International pp 7 32 ISBN 978 81 224 1547 6Bibliography editDahlgren Rolf Clifford H T 1982 The monocotyledons A comparative study London and New York Academic Press ISBN 9780122006807 Reddy S M 2007 University botany Angiosperms plant embryology and plant physiology New Age International p 7 ISBN 978 81 224 1547 6 Stafleu Frans A Cowan Richard S 1976 1988 Taxonomic literature a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates commentaries and types Taxon Lit ed 2 TL2 2nd ed Utrecht Bohn Scheltema amp Holkema ISBN 90 313 0224 4 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of systems of plant taxonomy amp oldid 1217838241, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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