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Wikipedia

Joshua Wong

January 01, 1970

For other people named Joshua Wong, see Joshua Wong (disambiguation).
In this Hong Kong name, the surname is Wong (黃). In accordance with Hong Kong custom, the Western-style name is Joshua Wong and the Chinese-style name is Wong Chi-fung.

Joshua Wong Chi-fung (Chinese: 黃之鋒; Cantonese Yale: Wòhng Jīfūng; born 13 October 1996)[1] is a Hong Kong activist and politician. He served as secretary-general of the pro-democracy party Demosisto until it disbanded following the implementation of the Hong Kong national security law on 30 June 2020. Wong was previously convenor and founder of the Hong Kong student activist group Scholarism.[2][3] Wong first rose to international prominence during the 2014 Hong Kong protests, and his pivotal role in the Umbrella Movement resulted in his inclusion in TIME magazine's Most Influential Teens of 2014 and nomination for its 2014 Person of the Year;[4] he was further called one of the "world's greatest leaders" by Fortune magazine in 2015,[5][6] and nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 2017.

Joshua Wong
黃之鋒
Joshua Wong in 2019
Secretary-General of Demosisto
In office
10 April 2016 – 30 June 2020
DeputyAgnes Chow
Kwok Hei-yiu
Chan Kok-hin
ChairmanNathan Law
Ivan Lam
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byParty dissolved
Convenor of Scholarism
In office
29 May 2011 – 20 March 2016
DeputyAgnes Chow
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byMerge into Demosistō
Personal details
Born
Wong Chi-fung

(1996-10-13) 13 October 1996 (age 27)
British Hong Kong
Political partyDemosistō (2016–2020)
Other political
affiliations		Scholarism (2012–2016)
EducationOpen University of Hong Kong
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese黃之鋒
Simplified Chinese黄之锋
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinHuáng Zhīfēng
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationWòng Jīfūng
JyutpingWong4 Zi1fung1

In August 2017, Wong and two other democracy activists were convicted and jailed for their roles in the occupation of Civic Square at the incipient stage of the 2014 Occupy Central protests; in January 2018, Wong was convicted and jailed again for failing to comply with a court order for clearance of the Mong Kok protest site during the Hong Kong protests in 2014. He also played a major role in persuading US politicians to pass the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act during the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests. Wong was disqualified by the Hong Kong government from running in forthcoming District Council elections. In June 2020, he announced he would be running for a Legislative Council seat in the upcoming election,[7] and officially applied on 20 July 2020,[8] before his nomination was invalidated on 30 July 2020 along with that of 11 other pro-democracy figures.[9] In December 2020, Wong was convicted and jailed for more than a year over an unauthorised protest outside police headquarters in June 2019.[10][11]

Early life and education

Joshua Wong was born in Hong Kong on 13 October 1996, and was diagnosed with dyslexia in early childhood.[12][13] The son of middle-class couple Grace and Roger Wong,[14] Wong was raised as a Protestant Christian in the Lutheran tradition.[15][16] His social awareness stems from his father, a retired IT professional,[17] who was a convener of a local anti-gay marriage initiative,[18][19][20] and often took him as a child to visit the underprivileged.[21][22]

Wong studied at the United Christian College (Kowloon East),[23] a private Christian secondary school in Kowloon, and developed organisational and speaking skills through involvement in church groups.[24] Wong subsequently pursued undergraduate studies at the Open University of Hong Kong, having enrolled in a bachelor's degree in political studies and public administration.[25][26] Due to his political activities, he took study leave from his studies, and has reportedly remained a student as of 2019.[27]

Student activism (2010–2016)

Early activism

 
Wong led a protest against Moral and national education in 2012

The 2010 anti-high speed rail protests were the first political protests in which Wong took part.[28]

On 29 May 2011, Wong and schoolmate Ivan Lam Long-yin established Scholarism, a student activist group.[29] The group began with simple means of protest, such as the distribution of leaflets against the newly announced moral and national education (MNE) curriculum.[24][30] In time, however, Wong's group grew in both size and influence, and in 2012 managed to organise a political rally attended by over 100,000 people.[24] Wong received widespread attention as the group's convenor.[31]

Role in 2014 Hong Kong protests

Main article: 2014 Hong Kong protests
 
Wong giving an interview in October 2014, during the Umbrella Movement

In June 2014, Scholarism drafted a plan to reform Hong Kong's electoral system to push for universal suffrage, under one country, two systems. His group strongly advocated for the inclusion of civic nomination in the 2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election.[28] Wong as a student leader started a class boycott among Hong Kong's students to send a pro-democracy message to Beijing.[32]

On 27 September 2014, Wong was one of the 78 people arrested by the police during a massive pro-democracy protest,[33] after hundreds of students occupied Civic Square in front of the Central Government Complex as a sign of protest against Beijing's decision on the 2014 Hong Kong electoral reform.[34][32] Unlike fellow protesters, only in response to a court order obtained by writ of habeas corpus was Wong released by police, after 46 hours in custody.[35][36]

During the protests, Wong stated: "Among all the people in Hong Kong, there is only one person who can decide whether the current movement will last and he is [Chief Executive of the region] Leung. If Leung can accept our demands ... (the) movement will naturally come to an end."[37] On 25 September 2014 the state-owned Wen Wei Po published an article which claimed that "US forces" had worked to cultivate Wong as a "political superstar".[38][39] Wong in turn denied every detail in the report through a statement that he subsequently posted online.[39] Wong also said that he was mentioned by name in mainland China's Blue Paper on National Security, which identified internal threats to the stability of Communist Party rule; quoting a line in V for Vendetta, he in turn said that "People should not be afraid of their government, the government should be afraid of their people."[32]

Wong was charged on 27 November 2014 with obstructing a bailiff clearing one of Hong Kong's three protest areas. His lawyer described the charge as politically motivated.[4][40] He was banned from a large part of Mong Kok, one of the protester-occupied sites, as one of the bail conditions.[41] Wong claimed that police beat him and tried to injure his groin as he was arrested, and taunted and swore at him while he was in custody.[42]

After Wong's appearance at Kowloon City Magistrates' Court on 27 November 2014, he was pelted with eggs by two assailants.[43] They were arrested and each fined $3,000 in August 2015, sentences which, on application for review by the prosecution, were subsequently enhanced to two weeks' imprisonment.[44][45]

On 2 December 2014, Wong and two other students began an indefinite hunger strike to demand renewed talks with the Hong Kong government. He decided to end the hunger strike after four days on medical advice.[46]

Aftermath of the Occupy protests

Wong was arrested and held for three hours on Friday, 16 January 2015, for his alleged involvement in offences of calling for, inciting and participating in an unauthorised assembly.[47]

The same month, an article appeared in the Pro-Beijing newspaper Wen Wei Po alleging that Wong had met with the US consul-general in Hong Kong Stephen M. Young during the latter's visit in 2011. It suggested that Wong had links with the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States, which had supposedly offered him military training by the US Army. Wong responded that the claims were pure fiction and "more like jokes."[48]

Wong was denied entry into Malaysia at Penang International Airport, on 26 May 2015, on the basis that he was considered "a threat to Malaysia's ties with China", largely due to his supposed "anti-China" stance in participating in the 2014 Hong Kong protests.[49]

On 28 June 2015, two days before a protest in favour of democracy, Wong and his girlfriend were attacked by an unknown man after watching a film in Mong Kok. The assault sent the two to hospital. Wong sustained injuries to his nose and eyes.[50] No one was arrested.[51][52][53][54]

On 19 August 2015, Wong was formally charged by the Hong Kong Department of Justice with inciting other people to join an unlawful assembly and also joining an unlawful assembly, alongside Alex Chow, the former leader of the Hong Kong Federation of Students.[55][56]

While travelling to Taiwan for a political seminar, "pro-China" protesters attempted to assault Wong at the arrival hall of Taoyuan's Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport, necessitating police protection. It was later found that local gangsters were involved.[57][58]

Detention in Thailand

Wong was detained on arrival in Thailand on 5 October 2016. He had been invited to speak about his Umbrella Movement experience at an event marking the 40th anniversary of the Thammasat University massacre, hosted by Chulalongkorn University.[59]

A Thai student activist who invited Wong, Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal, said that Thai authorities had received a request from the Chinese government earlier regarding Wong's visit. His own request to see Wong was denied.[60]

After nearly 12 hours' detention, Wong was deported to Hong Kong.[59] Wong claimed that, upon detention, the authorities would say no more than that he had been blacklisted but, just prior to deportation, they had informed him that his deportation was pursuant to Sections 19, 22 and 54 of the Immigration Act B.E. 2522.[61][62]

Hong Kong Legislator Claudia Mo called the incident "despicable" and stated: "If this becomes a precedent it means it could happen to you or me at any time if somehow Beijing thinks you are a dangerous, unwelcome person".[62] Jason Y. Ng, a Hong Kong journalist and author, stated that Wong's detention showed "how ready Beijing is to flex its diplomatic muscles and [how it] expects neighbouring governments to play ball".[59]

Wong eventually spoke with a Thai audience from Hong Kong via Skype.[63]

Political career (2016–2020)

Founding of Demosistō

In April 2016, Wong founded a new political party, Demosistō, with other Scholarism leaders including Agnes Chow, Oscar Lai, and Umbrella activists, the original student activist group Scholarism having been disbanded. The party advocated for a referendum to be held to determine Hong Kong's sovereignty after 2047, the scheduled expiration of the one country, two systems principle enshrined in the Sino-British Joint Declaration and the Hong Kong Basic Law. As the founding secretary-general of the party, Wong also planned to contest the 2016 Legislative Council election.[64] Wong was still only 19 and being below the statutory minimum age of 21 for candidacy, he filed an application (ultimately unsuccessful) for judicial review of the election law, in October 2015.[65] After his decision to found his own political party, Wong became a focus of criticism, especially on social networks.[66]

Role in 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests

 
Wong speaks at the United States Capitol in 2019

Joshua Wong's release coincided with the ongoing protests against extradition bill.[67] Upon his release, Wong criticised the oppression of protesters by the Hong Kong police, and the extradition draft law as pro-Beijing and called for the Chief Executive of Hong Kong Carrie Lam to resign.[68]

Wong did not take part with the protesters who forcibly broke into the Hong Kong's parliamentary Legislative Council building on 1 July, but he explained the need behind the move. According to him, the reason behind people entering the Legislative Council is that the council is "never democratically elected by people".[69]

Wong was then arrested again on 29 August 2019 the day before a planned demonstration, which was not given city approval.[70]

On 9 September, Wong met with the German Foreign Minister Heiko Maas. The Chinese Foreign Ministry called this move "disrespectful of China's sovereignty and an interference in China’s internal affairs".[71]

On 17 September, Wong and other student activists participated in a Congressional-Executive Commission on China (CECC) commission in the United States Capitol. He said that the Chinese government should not grab all the economic benefit from Hong Kong, while attacking the freedom of Hong Kong. He also urged the U.S. Congress to pass the "Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act". Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang responded that the U.S. should not interfere in China's affairs.[72]

The Speaker of the House of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi, met with Wong on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., on 18 September. Chinese media sharply criticised Pelosi for this meeting, accusing her of "backing and encouraging radical activists."[73]

2019 District Councillor election controversy

 
Joshua Wong was banned from the election by the government of Hong Kong on 29 October 2019.

On 29 October 2019, Joshua Wong was barred from running in forthcoming district council elections in the South Horizons West constituency by returning officer Laura Liang Aron, who temporarily took over for Dorothy Ma Chau Pui-fun (South Horizon West's returning officer) after the latter took sick leave. Many (including Joshua Wong himself) have accused the Chinese Central Government and the Hong Kong Government of pressuring Returning Officers into disqualifying Joshua Wong.[74]

National Security Law and the disbandment of Demosistō

On 30 June 2020, Wong, together with Agnes Chow and Nathan Law, announced respectively on Demosistō's Facebook page that they had quit the group in light of the risk of prosecution under the national security law enacted by China.[75] Hours later, the Demosistō organisation also announced on its blog that it was ceasing all activity, signing off with the message "We will meet again".[76][77]

2020 legislative election

Having risen to political prominence as a teenager, the 2020 Hong Kong Legislative Council Election, due on 6 September, was the first at which Wong was eligible to stand. He announced his candidacy on 20 July, following his poll-topping endorsement by 30,000 voters in the democratic camp's unofficial primaries.

However, just 10 days later, and five weeks ahead of the (later postponed) election, the government stated that Wong was among a dozen pro-democracy candidates whose nominations were 'invalid', under the same opaque process that had seen him struck from candidacy in the previous year's District Council election, in which, nominally, civil servants – returning officers – assess whether, for instance, a candidate had objected to the enactment of the national security law, or was sincere in statements made disavowing separatism.[78]

Others

In June 2020 during the George Floyd protests, Wong voiced his support for the Black Lives Matter movement and opposition to police brutality in the United States.[79][80] In the same month, he also called American basketball player Lebron James "hypocritical" for only focusing on issues in the U.S. and staying silent regarding issues in China.[81][82]

Imprisonments

Imprisonment in 2017

Main article: 2017 imprisonment of Hong Kong democracy activists

Wong, along with two other prominent Hong Kong pro-democracy student leaders Nathan Law and Alex Chow, were jailed for six to eight months on 17 August 2017 for unlawful assembly (Wong and Law) and incitement to assemble unlawfully (Chow) at Civic Square, at the Central Government Complex in the Tamar site, during a protest that triggered the 79-day Occupy sit-ins of 2014. The sentences halted their political careers, as they would be barred from running for public office for five years.[83]

On the third anniversary of the 2014 protests, 28 September 2017, Wong started the first of a series of columns for The Guardian, written from the Pik Uk Correctional Institution, where he said that despite a dull and dry life there, he remained proud of his commitment to the movement.[84]

On 13 October 2017, Wong was convicted with 19 others of contempt of court for obstructing execution of the court's order for clearance of part of the Occupy Central protest zone in Mong Kok in October 2014. The order had been obtained by a public minibus association.[85]

On 14 November 2017, Wong, together with Ivan Lam, commenced an application for judicial review in the High Court challenging the constitutionality of the provision in the Legislative Council Ordinance preventing persons sentenced to terms of imprisonment exceeding three months from standing for office for five years from the date of conviction.[86]

On 18 January 2018, Wong was sentenced by Mr Justice Andrew H C Chan of the High Court to three months' imprisonment in respect of his October 2017 conviction for contempt of court. Nineteen other protesters convicted in respect of the same incident all received prison terms, though the terms were suspended for all but Wong and fellow protester Raphael Wong. As part of his reasoning, Chan expressed the view that, by November 2014, the protests had become pointless and their only effect was to impact the lives of "ordinary citizens" of the region.[87]

Imprisonment in 2019

Wong was sentenced to two months of prison on 16 May 2019, for his involvement in events on 26 November 2014 in Mong Kok, an area in Hong Kong, where demonstrators opposed the police during the Umbrella revolution.[88][89]

Joshua Wong was released on 17 June 2019, after just around a month time in jail because he had already served some time associated to this case back in 2018, thus adding up to a total of two months' term.[90]

Imprisonment beginning in 2020

On 24 September 2020, Wong was arrested when he reported to a police station regarding another case against him. He was charged with "unlawful assembly", which was related to his participation in the 2019 protest against a government ban on face masks, where he was said to have violated the anti-mask law of Hong Kong.[91] On 30 September, he was temporarily released by the court along with activist Koo Sze-yiu. The Principal Magistrate granted the two bail of HK$1,000 each, and imposed a travel ban on Wong at the prosecutors’ request.[92]

On 23 November 2020, Wong appeared with Ivan Lam Long-yin and Agnes Chow Ting in the West Kowloon District Court, where they had been expected to stand trial over their roles in the anti extradition bill protest on 21 June 2019.[93] He was charged with organising an unauthorised assembly and of inciting others to take part in the event. The three pleaded guilty, and were put in custody until sentencing at a court hearing scheduled for 2 December 2020. Before appearing in court, Wong had said the trio were prepared to face immediate jail terms, and hoped their stance would draw global attention to a criminal justice system he claimed was being “manipulated by Beijing”.[94][95][96] Wong, together with Ivan Lam, was remanded to Lai Chi Kok Reception Centre.

On 2 December 2020, Wong was found guilty of organising and inciting unlawful assembly, but not guilty of taking part in it. He was sentenced to 1 year and 1 month in prison. West Kowloon Magistrate Wong Sze-lai, stated: "The defendants called on protesters to besiege the headquarters and chanted slogans that undermine the police force". Amnesty International condemned the sentencing, saying that the Chinese authorities "send a warning to anyone who dares to openly criticise the government that they could be next".[97][98] He is currently serving his prison term at Shek Pik Prison.

It was reported in January 2021 that Wong's family had moved to Australia.[99]

On 29 January 2021, Wong pleaded guilty to two additional charges related to his involvement in a rally on Hong Kong Island on 5 October 2019: taking part in an unauthorised assembly and wearing a facial covering during an unauthorised assembly.[100]

On 13 April 2021, Wong was sentenced to four months in jail for unauthorised assembly and violating an anti-mask law.[101]

On 6 May 2021, the Hong Kong District Court sentenced Wong to ten more months in prison for participating in an unauthorised assembly to mark the 2020 anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre. The judge who sentenced him said that "[T]he sentence should deter people from offending and re-offending in the future."[102]

On 17 April 2023, Wong was sentenced to further three months in prison after being convicted of disclosing personal details of a police officer who shot live rounds against a protester in Sai Wan Ho.[103]

A 2023 book by journalists Shibani Mahtani, formerly of the Washington Post, and of Timothy McLaughlin of The Atlantic, claimed that Wong had been requesting political asylum in the U.S. in 2020 but that, according to U.S. officials, his bid had been turned down despite the certainty of him being jailed, as the administration under Mike Pompeo had considered national interests in relation to China as having priority.[104]

International responses to the 2020 imprisonment

United States

US House of Representative Speaker Nancy Pelosi issued a statement saying "China’s brutal sentencing of these young champions of democracy in Hong Kong is appalling."[105] Pelosi further called on the world to denounce "this unjust sentencing and China’s widespread assault on Hong Kongers.”[106] US Senator Marsha Blackburn also called the sentence destroying "any semblance of autonomy in Hong Kong."[107] In addition, US State Secretary Michael Pompeo decried the prison term in an official statement issued by the State department.[108]

United Kingdom

UK Foreign Minister Dominic Raab issued a statement urging "Hong Kong and Beijing authorities to bring an end to their campaign to stifle opposition" in response to the prison sentences of the three pro-democracy activists.[109]

Japan

Japan's government spokesperson Katsunobu Kato in a regular news conference expressed Japan's "increasingly grave concerns about the recent Hong Kong situation such as sentences against three including Agnes Chow".[110]

Taiwan

The Overseas Community Affairs Council (OCAC) issued a statement referencing to the Mainland Affairs Council (MAC) that "the decision to imprison Joshua Wong, Agnes Chow, and Ivan Lam represents a failure by the Hong Kong government to protect the people's political rights and freedom of speech".[111]

Germany

Maria Adebahr, a Germany's foreign ministry spokesperson, stated that the prison terms are “another building block in a series of worrisome developments that we have seen in connection with human and civil rights in Hong Kong during the last year.”[112]

Imprisonment under National Security Law

On 6 January 2021, Wong was among 53 members of the pro-democratic camp who were arrested under the national security law, specifically its provision regarding alleged subversion. The group stood accused of the organisation of and participation in the primaries of July 2020. He was arrested from prison, and his home was reportedly searched.[113] On 28 February 2021, he was formally charged, along with 46 others for subversion.[114]

Publications

  • "Taking Back Hong Kong’s Future," New York Times, 29 October 2014
  • "Self-Determination is the Only Solution for Hong Kong, TIME, 24 September 2015
  • With Felix Marquardt, "In Hong Kong and All Around the World, the #StarWarsGen Will Be Wooed, Not Coerced," Huffington Post, 31 May 2016
  • With Jeffrey Ngo, "Reclaiming Our Right to Self-Determination in Post-Umbrella Hong Kong," World Policy Journal, 14 October 2016
  • With Jeffrey Ngo, "How China Stripped Hong Kong of its Right to Self-Determination in 1972 – and Distorted History," Hong Kong Free Press, 9 November 2016
  • With Jeffrey Ngo, "Hong Kong’s Protest Leaders Demand Self-Determination," Wall Street Journal, 9 November 2016
  • With Jeffrey Ngo, "Autonomy in Hong Kong is at a 20-Year Low," Washington Post, 25 January 2017
  • With Emily Lim, "We Must Resist until China Gives Hong Kong a Say in Our Future," Guardian, 23 February 2017
  • With Jeffrey Ngo, "Stand Up for Democracy in Hong Kong," New York Times, 3 May 2017
  • "I'm in Prison Because I Fought For My City's Freedom. Hong Kong's Extradition Law Would be a Victory for Authoritarianism Everywhere"; TIME, 13 June 2019
  • "How to fight for democracy when the government keeps throwing you in jail"; Quartz, 2 September 2019
  • Unfree Speech: The Threat to Global Democracy and Why We Must Act, Now. With Jason Y. Ng. London: Penguin Books, 2020. Introduction by Ai Weiwei, Foreword by Chris Patten.[115]

Awards

See also

References

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  115. ^ Huang, Zhifeng, 1996– (18 February 2020). Unfree speech : the threat to global democracy and why we must act, now. Ng, Jason Y.,, Ai, Weiwei. [New York]. ISBN 978-0-14-313571-5. OCLC 1122800632.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joshua Wong.
  • Joshua Wong on Facebook  
  • Joshua Wong on Instagram  
  • Joshua Wong on Twitter  
  • Bell, Matthew (6 October 2014). "Christians take a prominent role in Hong Kong protests". The World from PRX.
  • Kessel, Jonah M.; El-Naggar, Mona (30 September 2014). "Hong Kong Protest 2014: The Voice of a Student Leader". The New York Times.
  • Kuruvilla, Carol (1 October 2014). "Christians Show Support For Hong Kong Pro-Democracy Protests". Huffington Post.
  • Levin, Ned (3 October 2014). "Hong Kong Democracy Protests Carry a Christian Mission for Some". Wall Street Journal.
  • Moore, Malcolm (3 October 2014). "Portrait of Hong Kong's 18-year-old protest leader". The Daily Telegraph.
  • Talusan, Lucille (17 October 2014). "Teen Protest Leader Talks Freedom for Hong Kong". CBN News.
Political offices
New title Convenor of Scholarism
2011–2016 		Organisation dissolved
Party political offices
New title Secretary-General of Demosistō
2016–2020 		Party dissolved

January 01, 1970
joshua, wong, other, people, named, disambiguation, this, hong, kong, name, surname, wong, accordance, with, hong, kong, custom, western, style, name, chinese, style, name, wong, fung, fung, chinese, 黃之鋒, cantonese, yale, wòhng, jīfūng, born, october, 1996, ho. For other people named Joshua Wong see Joshua Wong disambiguation In this Hong Kong name the surname is Wong 黃 In accordance with Hong Kong custom the Western style name is Joshua Wong and the Chinese style name is Wong Chi fung Joshua Wong Chi fung Chinese 黃之鋒 Cantonese Yale Wohng Jifung born 13 October 1996 1 is a Hong Kong activist and politician He served as secretary general of the pro democracy party Demosisto until it disbanded following the implementation of the Hong Kong national security law on 30 June 2020 Wong was previously convenor and founder of the Hong Kong student activist group Scholarism 2 3 Wong first rose to international prominence during the 2014 Hong Kong protests and his pivotal role in the Umbrella Movement resulted in his inclusion in TIME magazine s Most Influential Teens of 2014 and nomination for its 2014 Person of the Year 4 he was further called one of the world s greatest leaders by Fortune magazine in 2015 5 6 and nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 2017 Joshua Wong黃之鋒Joshua Wong in 2019Secretary General of DemosistoIn office 10 April 2016 30 June 2020DeputyAgnes ChowKwok Hei yiuChan Kok hinChairmanNathan LawIvan LamPreceded byOffice establishedSucceeded byParty dissolvedConvenor of ScholarismIn office 29 May 2011 20 March 2016DeputyAgnes ChowPreceded byOffice establishedSucceeded byMerge into DemosistōPersonal detailsBornWong Chi fung 1996 10 13 13 October 1996 age 27 British Hong KongPolitical partyDemosistō 2016 2020 Other politicalaffiliationsScholarism 2012 2016 EducationOpen University of Hong KongChinese nameTraditional Chinese黃之鋒Simplified Chinese黄之锋TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinHuang ZhifengYue CantoneseYale RomanizationWong JifungJyutpingWong4 Zi1fung1 In August 2017 Wong and two other democracy activists were convicted and jailed for their roles in the occupation of Civic Square at the incipient stage of the 2014 Occupy Central protests in January 2018 Wong was convicted and jailed again for failing to comply with a court order for clearance of the Mong Kok protest site during the Hong Kong protests in 2014 He also played a major role in persuading US politicians to pass the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act during the 2019 2020 Hong Kong protests Wong was disqualified by the Hong Kong government from running in forthcoming District Council elections In June 2020 he announced he would be running for a Legislative Council seat in the upcoming election 7 and officially applied on 20 July 2020 8 before his nomination was invalidated on 30 July 2020 along with that of 11 other pro democracy figures 9 In December 2020 Wong was convicted and jailed for more than a year over an unauthorised protest outside police headquarters in June 2019 10 11 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Student activism 2010 2016 2 1 Early activism 2 2 Role in 2014 Hong Kong protests 2 3 Aftermath of the Occupy protests 2 3 1 Detention in Thailand 3 Political career 2016 2020 3 1 Founding of Demosistō 3 2 Role in 2019 2020 Hong Kong protests 3 3 2019 District Councillor election controversy 3 4 National Security Law and the disbandment of Demosistō 3 5 2020 legislative election 3 6 Others 4 Imprisonments 4 1 Imprisonment in 2017 4 2 Imprisonment in 2019 4 3 Imprisonment beginning in 2020 4 3 1 International responses to the 2020 imprisonment 4 3 1 1 United States 4 3 1 2 United Kingdom 4 3 1 3 Japan 4 3 1 4 Taiwan 4 3 1 5 Germany 4 4 Imprisonment under National Security Law 5 Publications 6 Awards 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksEarly life and educationJoshua Wong was born in Hong Kong on 13 October 1996 and was diagnosed with dyslexia in early childhood 12 13 The son of middle class couple Grace and Roger Wong 14 Wong was raised as a Protestant Christian in the Lutheran tradition 15 16 His social awareness stems from his father a retired IT professional 17 who was a convener of a local anti gay marriage initiative 18 19 20 and often took him as a child to visit the underprivileged 21 22 Wong studied at the United Christian College Kowloon East 23 a private Christian secondary school in Kowloon and developed organisational and speaking skills through involvement in church groups 24 Wong subsequently pursued undergraduate studies at the Open University of Hong Kong having enrolled in a bachelor s degree in political studies and public administration 25 26 Due to his political activities he took study leave from his studies and has reportedly remained a student as of 2019 27 Student activism 2010 2016 Early activism This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it December 2017 nbsp Wong led a protest against Moral and national education in 2012 The 2010 anti high speed rail protests were the first political protests in which Wong took part 28 On 29 May 2011 Wong and schoolmate Ivan Lam Long yin established Scholarism a student activist group 29 The group began with simple means of protest such as the distribution of leaflets against the newly announced moral and national education MNE curriculum 24 30 In time however Wong s group grew in both size and influence and in 2012 managed to organise a political rally attended by over 100 000 people 24 Wong received widespread attention as the group s convenor 31 Role in 2014 Hong Kong protests Main article 2014 Hong Kong protests nbsp Wong giving an interview in October 2014 during the Umbrella Movement In June 2014 Scholarism drafted a plan to reform Hong Kong s electoral system to push for universal suffrage under one country two systems His group strongly advocated for the inclusion of civic nomination in the 2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election 28 Wong as a student leader started a class boycott among Hong Kong s students to send a pro democracy message to Beijing 32 On 27 September 2014 Wong was one of the 78 people arrested by the police during a massive pro democracy protest 33 after hundreds of students occupied Civic Square in front of the Central Government Complex as a sign of protest against Beijing s decision on the 2014 Hong Kong electoral reform 34 32 Unlike fellow protesters only in response to a court order obtained by writ of habeas corpus was Wong released by police after 46 hours in custody 35 36 During the protests Wong stated Among all the people in Hong Kong there is only one person who can decide whether the current movement will last and he is Chief Executive of the region Leung If Leung can accept our demands the movement will naturally come to an end 37 On 25 September 2014 the state owned Wen Wei Po published an article which claimed that US forces had worked to cultivate Wong as a political superstar 38 39 Wong in turn denied every detail in the report through a statement that he subsequently posted online 39 Wong also said that he was mentioned by name in mainland China s Blue Paper on National Security which identified internal threats to the stability of Communist Party rule quoting a line in V for Vendetta he in turn said that People should not be afraid of their government the government should be afraid of their people 32 Wong was charged on 27 November 2014 with obstructing a bailiff clearing one of Hong Kong s three protest areas His lawyer described the charge as politically motivated 4 40 He was banned from a large part of Mong Kok one of the protester occupied sites as one of the bail conditions 41 Wong claimed that police beat him and tried to injure his groin as he was arrested and taunted and swore at him while he was in custody 42 After Wong s appearance at Kowloon City Magistrates Court on 27 November 2014 he was pelted with eggs by two assailants 43 They were arrested and each fined 3 000 in August 2015 sentences which on application for review by the prosecution were subsequently enhanced to two weeks imprisonment 44 45 On 2 December 2014 Wong and two other students began an indefinite hunger strike to demand renewed talks with the Hong Kong government He decided to end the hunger strike after four days on medical advice 46 Aftermath of the Occupy protests Wong was arrested and held for three hours on Friday 16 January 2015 for his alleged involvement in offences of calling for inciting and participating in an unauthorised assembly 47 The same month an article appeared in the Pro Beijing newspaper Wen Wei Po alleging that Wong had met with the US consul general in Hong Kong Stephen M Young during the latter s visit in 2011 It suggested that Wong had links with the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States which had supposedly offered him military training by the US Army Wong responded that the claims were pure fiction and more like jokes 48 Wong was denied entry into Malaysia at Penang International Airport on 26 May 2015 on the basis that he was considered a threat to Malaysia s ties with China largely due to his supposed anti China stance in participating in the 2014 Hong Kong protests 49 On 28 June 2015 two days before a protest in favour of democracy Wong and his girlfriend were attacked by an unknown man after watching a film in Mong Kok The assault sent the two to hospital Wong sustained injuries to his nose and eyes 50 No one was arrested 51 52 53 54 On 19 August 2015 Wong was formally charged by the Hong Kong Department of Justice with inciting other people to join an unlawful assembly and also joining an unlawful assembly alongside Alex Chow the former leader of the Hong Kong Federation of Students 55 56 While travelling to Taiwan for a political seminar pro China protesters attempted to assault Wong at the arrival hall of Taoyuan s Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport necessitating police protection It was later found that local gangsters were involved 57 58 Detention in Thailand Wong was detained on arrival in Thailand on 5 October 2016 He had been invited to speak about his Umbrella Movement experience at an event marking the 40th anniversary of the Thammasat University massacre hosted by Chulalongkorn University 59 A Thai student activist who invited Wong Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal said that Thai authorities had received a request from the Chinese government earlier regarding Wong s visit His own request to see Wong was denied 60 After nearly 12 hours detention Wong was deported to Hong Kong 59 Wong claimed that upon detention the authorities would say no more than that he had been blacklisted but just prior to deportation they had informed him that his deportation was pursuant to Sections 19 22 and 54 of the Immigration Act B E 2522 61 62 Hong Kong Legislator Claudia Mo called the incident despicable and stated If this becomes a precedent it means it could happen to you or me at any time if somehow Beijing thinks you are a dangerous unwelcome person 62 Jason Y Ng a Hong Kong journalist and author stated that Wong s detention showed how ready Beijing is to flex its diplomatic muscles and how it expects neighbouring governments to play ball 59 Wong eventually spoke with a Thai audience from Hong Kong via Skype 63 Political career 2016 2020 Founding of Demosistō In April 2016 Wong founded a new political party Demosistō with other Scholarism leaders including Agnes Chow Oscar Lai and Umbrella activists the original student activist group Scholarism having been disbanded The party advocated for a referendum to be held to determine Hong Kong s sovereignty after 2047 the scheduled expiration of the one country two systems principle enshrined in the Sino British Joint Declaration and the Hong Kong Basic Law As the founding secretary general of the party Wong also planned to contest the 2016 Legislative Council election 64 Wong was still only 19 and being below the statutory minimum age of 21 for candidacy he filed an application ultimately unsuccessful for judicial review of the election law in October 2015 65 After his decision to found his own political party Wong became a focus of criticism especially on social networks 66 Role in 2019 2020 Hong Kong protests nbsp Wong speaks at the United States Capitol in 2019 Joshua Wong s release coincided with the ongoing protests against extradition bill 67 Upon his release Wong criticised the oppression of protesters by the Hong Kong police and the extradition draft law as pro Beijing and called for the Chief Executive of Hong Kong Carrie Lam to resign 68 Wong did not take part with the protesters who forcibly broke into the Hong Kong s parliamentary Legislative Council building on 1 July but he explained the need behind the move According to him the reason behind people entering the Legislative Council is that the council is never democratically elected by people 69 Wong was then arrested again on 29 August 2019 the day before a planned demonstration which was not given city approval 70 On 9 September Wong met with the German Foreign Minister Heiko Maas The Chinese Foreign Ministry called this move disrespectful of China s sovereignty and an interference in China s internal affairs 71 On 17 September Wong and other student activists participated in a Congressional Executive Commission on China CECC commission in the United States Capitol He said that the Chinese government should not grab all the economic benefit from Hong Kong while attacking the freedom of Hong Kong He also urged the U S Congress to pass the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang responded that the U S should not interfere in China s affairs 72 The Speaker of the House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi met with Wong on Capitol Hill in Washington D C on 18 September Chinese media sharply criticised Pelosi for this meeting accusing her of backing and encouraging radical activists 73 2019 District Councillor election controversy nbsp Joshua Wong was banned from the election by the government of Hong Kong on 29 October 2019 On 29 October 2019 Joshua Wong was barred from running in forthcoming district council elections in the South Horizons West constituency by returning officer Laura Liang Aron who temporarily took over for Dorothy Ma Chau Pui fun South Horizon West s returning officer after the latter took sick leave Many including Joshua Wong himself have accused the Chinese Central Government and the Hong Kong Government of pressuring Returning Officers into disqualifying Joshua Wong 74 National Security Law and the disbandment of Demosistō On 30 June 2020 Wong together with Agnes Chow and Nathan Law announced respectively on Demosistō s Facebook page that they had quit the group in light of the risk of prosecution under the national security law enacted by China 75 Hours later the Demosistō organisation also announced on its blog that it was ceasing all activity signing off with the message We will meet again 76 77 2020 legislative election Having risen to political prominence as a teenager the 2020 Hong Kong Legislative Council Election due on 6 September was the first at which Wong was eligible to stand He announced his candidacy on 20 July following his poll topping endorsement by 30 000 voters in the democratic camp s unofficial primaries However just 10 days later and five weeks ahead of the later postponed election the government stated that Wong was among a dozen pro democracy candidates whose nominations were invalid under the same opaque process that had seen him struck from candidacy in the previous year s District Council election in which nominally civil servants returning officers assess whether for instance a candidate had objected to the enactment of the national security law or was sincere in statements made disavowing separatism 78 Others In June 2020 during the George Floyd protests Wong voiced his support for the Black Lives Matter movement and opposition to police brutality in the United States 79 80 In the same month he also called American basketball player Lebron James hypocritical for only focusing on issues in the U S and staying silent regarding issues in China 81 82 ImprisonmentsImprisonment in 2017 Main article 2017 imprisonment of Hong Kong democracy activists Wong along with two other prominent Hong Kong pro democracy student leaders Nathan Law and Alex Chow were jailed for six to eight months on 17 August 2017 for unlawful assembly Wong and Law and incitement to assemble unlawfully Chow at Civic Square at the Central Government Complex in the Tamar site during a protest that triggered the 79 day Occupy sit ins of 2014 The sentences halted their political careers as they would be barred from running for public office for five years 83 On the third anniversary of the 2014 protests 28 September 2017 Wong started the first of a series of columns for The Guardian written from the Pik Uk Correctional Institution where he said that despite a dull and dry life there he remained proud of his commitment to the movement 84 On 13 October 2017 Wong was convicted with 19 others of contempt of court for obstructing execution of the court s order for clearance of part of the Occupy Central protest zone in Mong Kok in October 2014 The order had been obtained by a public minibus association 85 On 14 November 2017 Wong together with Ivan Lam commenced an application for judicial review in the High Court challenging the constitutionality of the provision in the Legislative Council Ordinance preventing persons sentenced to terms of imprisonment exceeding three months from standing for office for five years from the date of conviction 86 On 18 January 2018 Wong was sentenced by Mr Justice Andrew H C Chan of the High Court to three months imprisonment in respect of his October 2017 conviction for contempt of court Nineteen other protesters convicted in respect of the same incident all received prison terms though the terms were suspended for all but Wong and fellow protester Raphael Wong As part of his reasoning Chan expressed the view that by November 2014 the protests had become pointless and their only effect was to impact the lives of ordinary citizens of the region 87 Imprisonment in 2019 Wong was sentenced to two months of prison on 16 May 2019 for his involvement in events on 26 November 2014 in Mong Kok an area in Hong Kong where demonstrators opposed the police during the Umbrella revolution 88 89 Joshua Wong was released on 17 June 2019 after just around a month time in jail because he had already served some time associated to this case back in 2018 thus adding up to a total of two months term 90 Imprisonment beginning in 2020 On 24 September 2020 Wong was arrested when he reported to a police station regarding another case against him He was charged with unlawful assembly which was related to his participation in the 2019 protest against a government ban on face masks where he was said to have violated the anti mask law of Hong Kong 91 On 30 September he was temporarily released by the court along with activist Koo Sze yiu The Principal Magistrate granted the two bail of HK 1 000 each and imposed a travel ban on Wong at the prosecutors request 92 On 23 November 2020 Wong appeared with Ivan Lam Long yin and Agnes Chow Ting in the West Kowloon District Court where they had been expected to stand trial over their roles in the anti extradition bill protest on 21 June 2019 93 He was charged with organising an unauthorised assembly and of inciting others to take part in the event The three pleaded guilty and were put in custody until sentencing at a court hearing scheduled for 2 December 2020 Before appearing in court Wong had said the trio were prepared to face immediate jail terms and hoped their stance would draw global attention to a criminal justice system he claimed was being manipulated by Beijing 94 95 96 Wong together with Ivan Lam was remanded to Lai Chi Kok Reception Centre On 2 December 2020 Wong was found guilty of organising and inciting unlawful assembly but not guilty of taking part in it He was sentenced to 1 year and 1 month in prison West Kowloon Magistrate Wong Sze lai stated The defendants called on protesters to besiege the headquarters and chanted slogans that undermine the police force Amnesty International condemned the sentencing saying that the Chinese authorities send a warning to anyone who dares to openly criticise the government that they could be next 97 98 He is currently serving his prison term at Shek Pik Prison It was reported in January 2021 that Wong s family had moved to Australia 99 On 29 January 2021 Wong pleaded guilty to two additional charges related to his involvement in a rally on Hong Kong Island on 5 October 2019 taking part in an unauthorised assembly and wearing a facial covering during an unauthorised assembly 100 On 13 April 2021 Wong was sentenced to four months in jail for unauthorised assembly and violating an anti mask law 101 On 6 May 2021 the Hong Kong District Court sentenced Wong to ten more months in prison for participating in an unauthorised assembly to mark the 2020 anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre The judge who sentenced him said that T he sentence should deter people from offending and re offending in the future 102 On 17 April 2023 Wong was sentenced to further three months in prison after being convicted of disclosing personal details of a police officer who shot live rounds against a protester in Sai Wan Ho 103 A 2023 book by journalists Shibani Mahtani formerly of the Washington Post and of Timothy McLaughlin of The Atlantic claimed that Wong had been requesting political asylum in the U S in 2020 but that according to U S officials his bid had been turned down despite the certainty of him being jailed as the administration under Mike Pompeo had considered national interests in relation to China as having priority 104 International responses to the 2020 imprisonment United States US House of Representative Speaker Nancy Pelosi issued a statement saying China s brutal sentencing of these young champions of democracy in Hong Kong is appalling 105 Pelosi further called on the world to denounce this unjust sentencing and China s widespread assault on Hong Kongers 106 US Senator Marsha Blackburn also called the sentence destroying any semblance of autonomy in Hong Kong 107 In addition US State Secretary Michael Pompeo decried the prison term in an official statement issued by the State department 108 United Kingdom UK Foreign Minister Dominic Raab issued a statement urging Hong Kong and Beijing authorities to bring an end to their campaign to stifle opposition in response to the prison sentences of the three pro democracy activists 109 Japan Japan s government spokesperson Katsunobu Kato in a regular news conference expressed Japan s increasingly grave concerns about the recent Hong Kong situation such as sentences against three including Agnes Chow 110 Taiwan The Overseas Community Affairs Council OCAC issued a statement referencing to the Mainland Affairs Council MAC that the decision to imprison Joshua Wong Agnes Chow and Ivan Lam represents a failure by the Hong Kong government to protect the people s political rights and freedom of speech 111 Germany Maria Adebahr a Germany s foreign ministry spokesperson stated that the prison terms are another building block in a series of worrisome developments that we have seen in connection with human and civil rights in Hong Kong during the last year 112 Imprisonment under National Security Law On 6 January 2021 Wong was among 53 members of the pro democratic camp who were arrested under the national security law specifically its provision regarding alleged subversion The group stood accused of the organisation of and participation in the primaries of July 2020 He was arrested from prison and his home was reportedly searched 113 On 28 February 2021 he was formally charged along with 46 others for subversion 114 Publications Taking Back Hong Kong s Future New York Times 29 October 2014 Self Determination is the Only Solution for Hong Kong TIME 24 September 2015 With Felix Marquardt In Hong Kong and All Around the World the StarWarsGen Will Be Wooed Not Coerced Huffington Post 31 May 2016 With Jeffrey Ngo Reclaiming Our Right to Self Determination in Post Umbrella Hong Kong World Policy Journal 14 October 2016 With Jeffrey Ngo How China Stripped Hong Kong of its Right to Self Determination in 1972 and Distorted History Hong Kong Free Press 9 November 2016 With Jeffrey Ngo Hong Kong s Protest Leaders Demand Self Determination Wall Street Journal 9 November 2016 With Jeffrey Ngo Autonomy in Hong Kong is at a 20 Year Low Washington Post 25 January 2017 With Emily Lim We Must Resist until China Gives Hong Kong a Say in Our Future Guardian 23 February 2017 With Jeffrey Ngo Stand Up for Democracy in Hong Kong New York Times 3 May 2017 I m in Prison Because I Fought For My City s Freedom Hong Kong s Extradition Law Would be a Victory for Authoritarianism Everywhere TIME 13 June 2019 How to fight for democracy when the government keeps throwing you in jail Quartz 2 September 2019 Unfree Speech The Threat to Global Democracy and Why We Must Act Now With Jason Y Ng London Penguin Books 2020 Introduction by Ai Weiwei Foreword by Chris Patten 115 AwardsThe Times Young Person of the year 2014 AFP 10 Most influential people 2014 YAHOO Top Ten Search Ranking No 1 Hong Kong 2014 TIME Person of the Year 2014 Reader s Poll 3rd place 2014 Foreign Policy 100 Leading Global Thinkers 2014 TIME The 25 Most Influential Teens of 2014 TIME Cover Asia Edition 2014 Lessons in Dissent a documentary film featuring Wong and fellow activist Ma Jai 2014 Fortune World s 50 Greatest Leaders 10th place 2015 Joshua Teenager vs Superpower a documentary film about Joshua Wong 2017 Nobel Peace Prize 2018 nomination with Nathan Law Alex Chow and the pro democracy Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong by the United States Congressional Executive Commission on China CECC press release See alsoOccupy Central with Love and PeaceReferences Sibree Bron 29 January 2020 In Unfree Speech Joshua Wong writes our struggle is your struggle South China Morning Post Archived from the original on 10 December 2023 Retrieved 24 May 2020 Lai Alexis 30 July 2012 National education raises furor in Hong Kong Hong Kong CNN International Archived from the original on 6 October 2014 Retrieved 16 August 2014 Hsieh Steven 8 October 2012 Hong Kong Students Fight for the Integrity of their Education The Nation Hong Kong Archived from the original on 7 October 2014 Retrieved 16 August 2014 a b Hong Kong Student Leader Joshua Wong Charged With Obstruction Time 27 November 2014 Archived from the original on 1 December 2014 Retrieved 2 December 2014 Yik Fei Lam World s Greatest Leaders 10 Joshua Wong Archived 27 January 2019 at the Wayback Machine Fortune AFP H K s Joshua Wong among world s greatest leaders Fortune 27 March 2015 Yahoo News Mang Carol Chopra Toby 19 June 2020 Activist Joshua Wong says he plans to run for Hong Kong legislature Reuters Retrieved 19 June 2020 Democracy activist Joshua Wong launches bid for Hong Kong legislature Reuters 19 July 2020 Ho Kelly Grundy Tom Creery Jennifer 30 July 2020 Hong Kong bans Joshua Wong and 11 other pro democracy figures from legislative election Hong Kong Free Press Retrieved 30 July 2020 Davidson Helen 2 December 2020 Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong jailed for 13 and a half months over protest The Guardian Retrieved 3 December 2020 Ramzy Austin May Tiffany 2 December 2020 Joshua Wong and Agnes Chow Are Sentenced to Prison Over Hong Kong Protest The New York Times Retrieved 3 December 2020 黃之鋒 好學生重新定義 Archived 30 April 2013 at archive today in Chinese Ming Pao 9 September 2012 Joshua Wong the 17 year old battling Beijing for greater democracy in Hong Kong The Straits Times Asia 2 October 2014 Archived from the original on 2 October 2014 Retrieved 2 October 2014 BBC News Asia 2 October 2014 Profile Hong Kong student protest leader Joshua Wong Archived 26 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 10 December 2014 Moore Malcolm 2014 Portrait of Hong Kong s 17 year old protest leader Archived 27 April 2018 at the Wayback Machine The Daily Telegraph Retrieved 10 December 2014 He is a strict Christian and his parents Grace and Roger are Lutherans Sagan Aleksandra 2 October 2014 Joshua Wong Meet the teen mastermind of Hong Kong s umbrella revolution Archived 11 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine CBC News Retrieved 10 December 2014 They raised him as a Christian a religion he still identifies with Wong recalls accompanying his father to visit some of the less fortunate in Hong Kong when he was much younger Jailed Hong Kong activist Wong back in court on 21st birthday Hong Kong Free Press 13 October 2017 Retrieved 14 October 2017 周浩鼎與黃之鋒父站同一陣線 Holden Chow and Father of Joshua Wong stand side by side Oriental Daily News in Chinese Hong Kong 1 June 2016 Archived from the original on 18 September 2018 Retrieved 18 November 2019 言論似反同團體 Speech like anti gay organization Apple Daily in Chinese Hong Kong 2 August 2014 Archived from the original on 2 May 2020 Retrieved 18 November 2019 Chan Holmes 2 August 2018 Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong distances self from father in stating support for LGBTQ equality Hong Kong Free Press Archived from the original on 5 September 2019 Retrieved 18 November 2019 Moyer Justin 2014 The teenage activist wunderkind who was among the first arrested in Hong Kong s Occupy Central Archived 12 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Washington Post Retrieved 10 December 2014 Leah Marieann Klett 8 October 2014 Joshua Wong Christian Student Leading Hong Kong Protests Will Continue To Fight For Democracy Archived 9 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Gospel Herald Retrieved 10 December 2014 Pedroletti Par 29 Sept 2014 Les leaders de la mobilisation citoyenne a Hongkong Archived 3 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Le Monde Retrieved 10 December 2014 a b c Wong Joshua March April 2015 Scholarism on the March New Left Review 92 London England Archived from the original on 8 October 2017 Retrieved 7 October 2017 Joshua Wong the poster boy for Hong Kong protests BBC News BBC 25 June 2019 Retrieved 3 June 2020 Lee Eddie 13 August 2014 I was never a top student Scholarism leader Joshua Wong to study at Open University South China Morning Post Retrieved 3 June 2020 政情 歷DQ兼坐監 羅冠聰終大學畢業 in Chinese Hong Kong Oriental Press Group Limited 16 January 2019 Retrieved 3 June 2020 a b Chan Yannie 15 May 2014 Joshua Wong HK Magazine Hong Kong Archived from the original on 28 August 2014 Retrieved 16 August 2014 Lee Ada 10 September 2012 Scholarism s Joshua Wong embodies anti national education body s energy South China Morning Post Archived from the original on 18 November 2017 Retrieved 15 November 2017 NameBright Coming Soon 基本資料 in Chinese Scholarism Archived from the original on 5 December 2011 Retrieved 23 May 2020 Scholarism s Joshua Wong embodies anti national education body s energy South China Morning Post Hong Kong 10 July 2012 Archived from the original on 25 September 2014 Retrieved 16 August 2014 a b c Chan Wilfred Yuli Yang 25 September 2014 Echoing Tiananmen 17 year old Hong Kong student prepares for democracy battle CNN International Archived from the original on 28 September 2014 Retrieved 27 September 2014 Jacobs Harrison 27 September 2014 REPORT Hong Kong s 17 Year Old Extremist Student Leader Arrested During Massive Democracy Protest Business Insider Hong Kong Archived from the original on 9 January 2015 Retrieved 27 September 2014 Sevastopulo Demetri 26 September 2014 Hong Kong police arrest pro democracy student leader Financial Times Hong Kong Retrieved 27 September 2014 Meet the 17 year old face of Hong Kong s protests USA Today 2 October 2014 Archived from the original on 23 December 2014 Chan Kelvin 28 September 2014 Hong Kong police use tear gas on protesters Bloomberg BusinessWeek Archived from the original on 28 September 2014 Retrieved 28 September 2014 Calum MacLeod Meet The 17 Year Old Leading Hong Kong s Protests Archived 2 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine USA Today 2 October 2014 Branigan Tania 1 October 2014 Joshua Wong the teenager who is the public face of the Hong Kong protests The Guardian Archived from the original on 18 November 2017 Retrieved 4 February 2018 a b Steger Isabella 25 September 2014 Pro Beijing Media Accuses Hong Kong Student Leader of U S Government Ties The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on 4 February 2018 Retrieved 4 February 2018 Hong Kong protesters warned not to return to clash site BBC 1 December 2014 Archived from the original on 2 December 2014 Retrieved 2 December 2014 Joshua Wong banned from Mong Kok areas RTHK 27 November 2014 Archived from the original on 31 December 2014 Retrieved 31 December 2014 Branigan Tania 28 November 2014 Hong Kong student leader considering suing police over arrest says lawyer The Guardian Archived from the original on 25 February 2017 Retrieved 17 December 2016 Lau Chris Lai Ying kit 27 November 2014 Joshua Wong pelted with eggs outside court after being banned from Mong Kok South China Morning Post Archived from the original on 21 August 2015 Retrieved 11 October 2015 Chan Thomas 19 August 2015 Pair who threw eggs at Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong in anti Occupy Central protest fined HK 3 000 each South China Morning Post Archived from the original on 22 August 2015 Retrieved 11 October 2015 Joshua Wong egg attackers get two week jail terms Hong Kong Economic Journal 10 November 2015 Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 10 November 2015 Agence France Presse 6 December 2014 Hong Kong student leader Joshua Wong calls off hunger strike The Straits Times Archived from the original on 6 December 2014 Retrieved 8 December 2014 Hong Kong Student Leader Joshua Wong Questioned Over Pro Democracy Protests Time 16 January 2015 Archived from the original on 28 February 2015 Retrieved 13 February 2015 29 June 2015 Joshua Wong dismisses Xinhua article on alleged CIA links Archived 21 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine EJInsight Ng Joyce 26 May 2015 Occupy student leader Joshua Wong a threat to Malaysia s ties with China police chief admits South China Morning Post Hong Kong Archived from the original on 29 May 2015 Retrieved 29 May 2015 Liu Juliana 2 August 2015 Joshua Wong We had no clear goals in Hong Kong protests Archived 7 July 2019 at the Wayback Machine BBC 29 June 2015 Scholarism leader Joshua Wong girlfriend attacked after movie Archived 23 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine EJ Insight Lee Jeremy 29 June 2015 Hong Kong student activist Joshua Wong and girlfriend injured after being attacked on street Archived 6 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Straits Times Ying kit Lai 29 June 2015 Attack on Hong Kong student leader Joshua Wong a threat to free speech Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine South China Morning Post Hong Kong student leader Joshua Wong in chilling assault Archived 9 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine Yahoo News 28 June 2015 Master Farah Paul Tait 19 August 2015 Key Hong Kong pro democracy students charged after Occupy protests Reuters Archived from the original on 22 August 2015 Retrieved 27 August 2015 2 September 2015 Leader of Hong Kong democracy protests Joshua Wong to face trial Archived 5 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian Hong Kong democracy activist Joshua Wong under police protection in Taiwan after assault attempt South China Morning Post 8 January 2017 Archived from the original on 12 January 2017 Taiwan police ramped up protection for Hong Kong student activist Joshua Wong Chi fung and a few pro democracy lawmakers after a failed attempt by a pro China protester to assault him as he arrived in the island state in the early hours About 200 protesters from a pro China group in Taiwan gathered at the arrival hall of Taipei s Taoyuan International Airport at midnight They chanted slogans deriding Wong and Hong Kong legislators Nathan Law Kwun chung and Edward Yiu Chung yim who arrived on the same flight at 12 30am as independence scum saying they were not welcome in Taiwan Coonan Clifford 10 January 2017 Hong Kong activist blames pro Beijing forces after airport assault The Irish Times Archived from the original on 12 January 2017 Hong Kong pro democracy leader Joshua Wong says an assault on him and fellow rights activist Nathan Law at the territory s airport was a co ordinated attack by pro Beijing elements angry at his group s calling for more self determination Mr Wong and Mr Law travelled to Taiwan with fellow lawmakers Edward Yiu and Eddie Chu for talks with Taiwan s pro independence body the New Power Party raising hackles in Beijing They were greeted by irate pro China protesters in Taipei as they arrived for the forum a b c Cheung Eric Phillips Tom Holmes Oliver 5 October 2016 Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong attacks Thailand after being barred at China s request The Guardian Archived from the original on 5 October 2016 Retrieved 5 October 2016 Phillips Tom Malkin Bonnie 5 October 2015 Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong detained in Thailand at China s request reports The Guardian Archived from the original on 6 October 2016 Retrieved 5 October 2016 Thai Immigration blacklists Joshua Wong as requested by China The Nation Bangkok Thailand 5 October 2016 Archived from the original on 10 October 2017 Retrieved 8 October 2017 a b Wong Joshua 7 October 2016 I m a pro democracy activist Is that why Thailand chose to deport me The Guardian Archived from the original on 5 October 2016 Retrieved 5 October 2016 Joshua Wong considered persona non grata The Nation Bangkok Thailand 8 October 2016 Archived from the original on 10 October 2017 Retrieved 8 October 2017 Joshua Wong s party named Demosisto RTHK 6 April 2016 Archived from the original on 19 April 2016 Retrieved 18 April 2016 Wong Alan 18 February 2016 Hong Kong Students Who Protested Government Now Seek to Take Part in It The New York Times Archived from the original on 16 December 2016 Retrieved 2 March 2017 Jason Y Ng Baptism of fire for Joshua Wong and his nascent political party South China Morning Post Archived 5 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine 29 de abril de 2016 Cheng Kris 17 June 2019 Hong Kong democracy leader Joshua Wong released from prison calls on Chief Exec Carrie Lam to resign Hong Kong Free Press Retrieved 17 June 2019 Hong Kong le leader etudiant Joshua Wong reclame la demission de la cheffe de l executif Les Echos in French 1 June 2019 Archived from the original on 17 June 2019 Retrieved 17 June 2019 Hong Kong protests Parliament never represented its people BBC 2 July 2019 Archived from the original on 4 July 2019 Retrieved 2 July 2019 Joshua Wong arrested Hong Kong pro democracy activist BBC 30 August 2019 Archived from the original on 30 August 2019 Hui Min Neo Poornima Weerasekara 10 September 2019 China fury as Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong meets German foreign minister Hong Kong Free Press AFP News Archived from the original on 11 September 2019 Retrieved 10 September 2019 Yong Charissa 18 September 2019 Hong Kong activists Joshua Wong Denise Ho take cause to US Congress urge pressure on Beijing The Straits Times Archived from the original on 18 September 2019 Retrieved 19 September 2019 China accuses Pelosi of interference as battle rages to control narrative on Hong Kong CBS News 20 September 2019 Archived from the original on 15 October 2019 Retrieved 16 October 2019 Democracy activist Joshua Wong slams politically driven decision to bar him from running in Hong Kong district council election South China Morning Post 29 October 2019 Archived from the original on 29 October 2019 Retrieved 30 October 2019 Joshua Wong Nathan Law and Agnes Chow quit Demosisto The Standard 30 June 2020 Retrieved 30 June 2020 Ho Kelly Grundy Tom 30 June 2020 Joshua Wong s pro democracy group Demosisto disbands hours after Hong Kong security law passed Hong Kong Free Press Retrieved 30 June 2020 Hong Kong security law Minutes after new law pro democracy voices quit BBC 30 June 2020 Retrieved 5 July 2020 Hong Kong bans Joshua Wong and 11 other pro democracy figures from legislative election HKFP 30 July 2020 Hillary Leung 12 June 2020 The world has marched for black lives Why hasn t Hong Kong Coconuts Media Archived from the original on 14 May 2021 Hong Kong s Joshua Wong backs Black Lives Matter risks wrath of U S conservatives Ng Weng Hoong Georgia Straight 2 June 2020 Gaydos Ryan 12 June 2020 LeBron James hypocritical for staying silent on Hong Kong s fight while supporting US social justice causes activist says Fox News Archived from the original on 19 July 2022 LeBron James forms group to stop black voter suppression CBS News Agence France Presse 11 June 2020 Siu Jasmine 17 August 2017 Joshua Wong and other jailed Hong Kong student leaders see political careers halted South China Morning Post Archived from the original on 24 September 2017 Retrieved 17 August 2017 Wong Joshua 28 September 2017 Prison is an inevitable part of Hong Kong s exhausting path to democracy The Guardian London Archived from the original on 28 September 2017 Retrieved 28 September 2017 Cheung Karen 13 October 2017 Democracy activists Lester Shum and Joshua Wong among 20 guilty of contempt over Mong Kok Occupy protest Hong Kong Free Press Retrieved 14 October 2017 Cheung Karen 14 November 2017 Democracy activists Joshua Wong and Ivan Lam file legal challenge over ban on standing for office Hong Kong Free Press Retrieved 15 November 2017 Cheng Kris 18 January 2018 Hong Kong democracy activists Joshua Wong and Raphael Wong jailed over Umbrella Movement site clearance Hong Kong Free Press Archived from the original on 17 January 2018 Retrieved 18 January 2018 Hong Kong s Leader Strongly Objects to Germany Over Activists Political Asylum Radio Free Asia 24 May 2019 Archived from the original on 7 June 2019 Retrieved 6 June 2019 Lau Chris 16 May 2019 Occupy poster boy Joshua Wong returns to jail in Hong Kong despite winning appeal for lighter sentence South China Morning Post Archived from the original on 7 June 2019 Retrieved 6 June 2019 Hong Kong s Joshua Wong to be released from prison on Monday party says Hong Kong police arrest pro democracy activist Joshua Wong DW News 24 September 2020 Retrieved 24 September 2020 Wong Brian 30 September 2020 Hong Kong court grants activist Joshua Wong temporary release on unauthorised assembly mask ban charges South China Morning Post Retrieved 2 October 2020 Hong Kong anti extradition protesters occupy roads at gov t and police HQ after vowing escalation Hong Kong Free Press HKFP 21 June 2019 Retrieved 23 November 2020 Hong Kong opposition trio face jail after police HQ siege guilty pleas South China Morning Post 23 November 2020 Retrieved 23 November 2020 3 Hong Kong Prominent Pro Democracy Activists in Custody Voice of America 23 November 2020 Retrieved 25 November 2020 Ramzy Austin May Tiffany 23 November 2020 Joshua Wong Pleads Guilty Over 2019 Hong Kong Protest New York Times Retrieved 25 November 2020 Hong Kong Joshua Wong and fellow pro democracy activists jailed BBC News 2 December 2020 Retrieved 2 December 2020 Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong two others jailed over police HQ siege South China Morning Post 2 December 2020 Retrieved 2 December 2020 Family of jailed Hong Kong democracy activist Joshua Wong moves to Australia Kyodo News Jailed activist Joshua Wong pleads guilty to charges from 2019 mask rally South China Morning Post 29 January 2021 Retrieved 1 February 2021 Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong jailed for four months for 2019 protest Reuters 13 April 2021 Retrieved 13 April 2021 Hong Kong Joshua Wong sentenced to 10 more months Deutsche Welle 6 May 2021 Retrieved 6 May 2021 Leung Kanis 17 April 2023 Joshua Wong sentenced in another Hong Kong activism case ABC News AP Retrieved 17 April 2023 Lee Tim 9 November 2023 Washington denied Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong s asylum bid Radio Free Asia Retrieved 15 November 2023 Pelosi Statement on Sentencing of Hong Kong Pro Democracy Leaders Speaker Nancy Pelosi 2 December 2020 Archived from the original on 2 December 2020 Retrieved 3 December 2020 U S Congress seriously concerned about Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong Pelosi Reuters 2 December 2020 Retrieved 3 December 2020 Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong jailed for anti government protest NBC News Reuters 2 December 2020 Retrieved 3 December 2020 On the Political Persecution of Hong Kong Democracy Advocates United States Department of State Retrieved 4 December 2020 Possible We Will Respond as Soon as Sentencing of 3 Hong Kong activists Foreign Secretary s statement GOV UK Retrieved 3 December 2020 Japan voices grave concerns about jailing of Hong Kong activists Reuters 3 December 2020 Retrieved 3 December 2020 Prison sentence against HK activists regrettable Taiwan government Taiwan OCAC News 3 December 2020 Retrieved 22 December 2020 Key Hong Kong activists jailed over police HQ protest Associated Press 2 December 2020 Retrieved 3 December 2020 National security law Hong Kong rounds up 53 pro democracy activists BBC 6 January 2021 Retrieved 17 April 2021 Hong Kong charges 47 activists in largest use yet of new security law BBC News 1 March 2021 Retrieved 17 April 2021 Huang Zhifeng 1996 18 February 2020 Unfree speech the threat to global democracy and why we must act now Ng Jason Y Ai Weiwei New York ISBN 978 0 14 313571 5 OCLC 1122800632 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link External links nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Joshua Wong Joshua Wong on Facebook nbsp Joshua Wong on Instagram nbsp Joshua Wong on Twitter nbsp Bell Matthew 6 October 2014 Christians take a prominent role in Hong Kong protests The World from PRX Kessel Jonah M El Naggar Mona 30 September 2014 Hong Kong Protest 2014 The Voice of a Student Leader The New York Times Kuruvilla Carol 1 October 2014 Christians Show Support For Hong Kong Pro Democracy Protests Huffington Post Levin Ned 3 October 2014 Hong Kong Democracy Protests Carry a Christian Mission for Some Wall Street Journal Moore Malcolm 3 October 2014 Portrait of Hong Kong s 18 year old protest leader The Daily Telegraph Talusan Lucille 17 October 2014 Teen Protest Leader Talks Freedom for Hong Kong CBN News Political offices New title Convenor of Scholarism2011 2016 Organisation dissolved Party political offices New title Secretary General of Demosistō2016 2020 Party dissolved Portals nbsp Hong Kong nbsp Biography nbsp Politics nbsp Society Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Joshua Wong amp oldid 1219256907, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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