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Wikipedia

Jonathan Zittrain

January 13, 2023

Jonathan L. Zittrain (born December 24, 1969) is an American professor of Internet law and the George Bemis Professor of International Law at Harvard Law School. He is also a professor at the Harvard Kennedy School, a professor of computer science at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and co-founder and director of Harvard's Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society. Previously, Zittrain was Professor of Internet Governance and Regulation at the Oxford Internet Institute of the University of Oxford and visiting professor at the New York University School of Law and Stanford Law School. He is the author of The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It as well as co-editor of the books, Access Denied (MIT Press, 2008), Access Controlled (MIT Press, 2010), and Access Contested (MIT Press, 2011).

Jonathan Zittrain
Zittrain giving a speech in 2007
Born (1969-12-24) December 24, 1969 (age 53)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Education
OccupationProfessor
Organizations
Websitecyber.law.harvard.edu/people/jzittrain

Zittrain works in several intersections of the Internet with law and policy including intellectual property, censorship and filtering for content control, and computer security. He founded a project at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society that develops classroom tools.[1] In 2001 he helped found Chilling Effects, a collaborative archive created by Wendy Seltzer to protect lawful online activity from legal threats. He also served as vice dean for Library and Information Resources at Harvard.[2]

Family and education

 
Zittrain speaking at iSummit07

Zittrain is the son of two attorneys, Ruth A. Zittrain and Lester E. Zittrain. In 2004 with Jennifer K. Harrison, Zittrain published The Torts Game: Defending Mean Joe Greene, a book the authors dedicated to their parents.[3] His brother, Jeff, is an established Bay Area musician.[4][5] His sister, Laurie Zittrain Eisenberg, is a scholar of the Arab and Israeli conflict[6] and teaches at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.[7]

Zittrain, who grew up in the suburb of Churchill outside of Pittsburgh, graduated in 1987 from Shady Side Academy, a private school in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.[8] He holds a bachelor's summa cum laude in cognitive science and artificial intelligence from Yale University, 1991, where he was a member of the Yale Political Union, Manuscript Society and Davenport College, a JD magna cum laude from Harvard Law School, 1995, where he was the winner of the Williston Negotiation Competition, and a master of public administration from Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government, 1995.[9][10]

He was law clerk for Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and served with the U.S. Department of Justice and, in 1991, with the Department of State, as well as at the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence in 1992 and 1994.[11] He was a longtime forum administrator, or sysop, for the online service CompuServe, serving for many years as the chief administrator for its private forum for all of its forum administrators.[10]

Later career

 
Jonathan Zittrain in 2008

Zittrain joined the staff of the University of Oxford in Oxford in the United Kingdom as of September 2005.[12] He held the Chair in Internet Governance and Regulation, was a principal of the Oxford Internet Institute, and was a Professorial Fellow of Keble College, which has developed a particular interest in computer science and public policy.[12] In the United States, he was also the Jack N. & Lillian R. Berkman Visiting Professor for Entrepreneurial Legal Studies at Harvard Law School in Cambridge, Massachusetts and director and founder with Charles Nesson of its Berkman Center for Internet & Society. Zittrain was a visiting professor at the Stanford Law School in 2007[13] and was a visiting professor at New York University School of Law in Manhattan for the spring 2008 semester.

Zittrain taught, or taught with others, Harvard's courses on Cyberlaw: Internet Points of Control, The Exploding Internet: Building A Global Commons in Cyberspace, Torts, Internet & Society: The Technologies and Politics of Control, The Law of Cyberspace, The Law of Cyberspace: Social Protocols, Privacy Policy, The Microsoft Case, and The High Tech Entrepreneur.[14] He searched for novel ways to use technology unobtrusively in the classroom at Harvard,[15] founded H2O[16] and used the system to teach his classes. Students are polled, assigned opposing arguments, and use H2O to develop their writing skills. Students enrolled in his The Internet and Society class could participate both orally and via the Internet. A teaching fellow seated in the classroom supplied Zittrain with the comments received from students in real time via e-mail as well as through "chat" or "instant message" from students participating in the class while logged into Second Life. (www.secondlife.com)[17]

He has been critical of the process used by ICANN, the International Telecommunication Union and the World Summit on the Information Society.[18] Although he describes their approach as, in some ways, simple and naïve, Zittrain sees more hope in the open Internet Engineering Task Force model and in the ethical code and assumption of good faith that govern Wikipedia.[19] He wrote in 2008, "Wikipedia—with the cooperation of many Wikipedians—has developed a system of self-governance that has many indicia of the rule of law without heavy reliance on outside authority or boundary."[19]

In 2009 Zittrain was elected to the Internet Society's board of trustees for a four-year term.[20] In February 2011 he joined the board of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.[21] In May 2011 Zittrain was made for Federal Communications Commission Distinguished Scholar.[22] In May 2012 he was made for Chair at Federal Communications Commission Open Internet Advisory Committee.[23]

Internet filtering

The OpenNet Initiative (ONI) monitors Internet censorship by national governments. Between 2001 and 2003 at Harvard's Berkman Center, Zittrain and Benjamin Edelman studied Internet filtering. In their tests during 2002, when Google had indexed almost 2.5 billion pages, they found sites blocked, from approximately 100 in France and Germany to 2,000 in Saudi Arabia, and 20,000 in the People's Republic of China. The authors published a statement of issues and a call for data that year.[24]

Building on the work completed at the Berkman Center, ONI published special reports, case studies, and bulletins beginning in 2004,[25] and as of 2008, offered research on filtering in 40 countries as well as by regions of the world.[26] As of 2016, Zittrain remains a principal investigator at ONI, together with Ronald Deibert of the University of Toronto, John Palfrey, who was previously the executive director of the Berkman Center (now the head of School at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts[27]), and Rafal Rohozinski of the University of Cambridge.[28]

In 2001, Zittrain cofounded Chilling Effects with his students and former students, including its creator and leader, Wendy Seltzer. It monitors cease and desist letters. Google directs its users to Chilling Effects when its search results have been altered at the request of a national government.[15][29] Since 2002, researchers have been using the clearinghouse (renamed "Lumen" in 2015) to study the use of cease-and-desist letters, primarily looking at DMCA 512 takedown notices, non-DMCA copyright, and trademark claims.[30][31]

Copyright

On October 9, 2002, Zittrain and Lawrence Lessig argued a landmark case, known as Eldred v. Ashcroft, before the United States Supreme Court. As co-counsel for the plaintiff, they argued that the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act (CTEA) was unconstitutional.[32] The court ruled 7–2 on January 15, 2003 to uphold the CTEA which extended existing copyrights 20 years, from the life of the author plus 50 years, to plus 70 years. In the words of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, the petitioners did "not challenge the CTEA's 'life-plus-70-years' time span itself. They maintain that Congress went awry not with respect to newly created works, but in enlarging the term for published works with existing copyrights." The court found that the act did "not exceed Congress' power" and that "CTEA's extension of existing and future copyrights does not violate the First Amendment".[33] In 2003 Zittrain said he was concerned that Congress will hear the same arguments after the 20-year extension passes, and that the Internet is causing a "cultural reassessment of the meaning of copyright".[34]

Security

 
Zittrain and Lawrence Lessig speaking at Google in 2008

After Zittrain joined the staff at Oxford, Zittrain and John Palfrey at the Berkman Center founded StopBadware.org in 2006 to function as a clearinghouse for what has become proliferation of malware.[35] Borrowing Wikipedia's "ethical code that encourages users to do the right thing rather than the required thing",[36] the organization wished to assign the task of data collection—and not analysis—about malware to Internet users at large.[35] When its scans find dangerous code, Google places StopBadware alerts in its search results and rescans later to determine whether a site thereafter had been cleaned.[37]

One of StopBadware's goals is to "preempt" the stifling of the Internet.[38] The founders think that centralized regulation could follow a serious Internet security breach, and that consumers might then choose to purchase closed, centrally managed solutions like tethered appliances that are modified by their vendor rather than owner, or might flee to services in walled gardens. In Zittrain's word, "generative" devices and platforms, including the Internet itself, offer an opening forward.[1] In 2007, he cautioned, "...we're moving to software-as-service, which can be yanked or transformed at any moment. The ability of your PC to run independent code is an important safety valve."[39]

Reactions in the Boston Review accompanied the publication of his book, The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It, in 2008. Support came from David D. Clark and Susan P. Crawford. Criticism ranged from Richard Stallman's finding no evidence of a flight to closed systems and his message that software developers need control and software patents must end,[40] to a request for cost-benefit analysis,[41] to the belief that netizenship won't scale to the business world[42] to faith that consumers will buy only open, non-proprietary systems.[43]

Directed by Palfrey and Zittrain, StopBadware receives high-level guidance from its advisory board: Vint Cerf of Google, Esther Dyson, George He of Lenovo, Greg Papadopoulos (formerly CTO of Sun Microsystems), and Ari Schwartz of the Center for Democracy and Technology. The working group, which has included Ben Adida, Scott Bradner, Beau Brendler, Jerry Gregoire, Eric L. Howes, and Nart Villeneuve at various times, frames the project's research agenda and methodology and is the body which helps to inform the public about StopBadware's work.[44] StopBadware has been supported by AOL, Google, eBay/PayPal, Lenovo, Trend Micro, and VeriSign and its use has been advised by Consumer Reports WebWatch.[45]

Stock markets and spam

Writing with Laura Freider of Purdue University, in 2008 Zittrain published Spam Works: Evidence from Stock Touts and Corresponding Market Activity, in the Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal to document the manipulation of stock prices via spam e-mail.[46] They found evidence that "stocks experience a significantly positive return on days prior to heavy touting via spam" and that "prolific spamming greatly affects the trading volume of a targeted stock". Apart from transaction costs, in some circumstances the spammer earned over 4% while the average investor who bought on the day of receipt of the spam would lose more than 5% if they sold two days later.[47] Frieder said in 2006 that she knew of no other explanation for their results, but that people do follow the stock tips in their spam e-mail.[46]

Facebook

In February 2019, Zittrain interviewed Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg as part of a seminar for students at Harvard.[48]

Recent publications

  • Zittrain, Jonathan (April 14, 2008). The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12487-3. (online book)
  • Deibert, Ronald J., John G. Palfrey, Rafal Rohozinski, Jonathan Zittrain (Eds.) (February 29, 2008). Access Denied: The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-54196-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Frieder, Laura; Zittrain, Jonathan (March 14, 2007). "Spam Works: Evidence from Stock Touts and Corresponding Market Activity". Berkman Center Research Publication No. 2006-11. SSRN 920553. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Zittrain, Jonathan (2006). "Searches and Seizures in a Networked World". Harvard Law Review Forum. The Harvard Law Review Association. 83. SSRN 916046.
  • Zittrain, Jonathan L. (May 2006). "The Generative Internet" (PDF). Harvard Law Review. The Harvard Law Review Association. 119: 1974. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
  • Zittrain, Jonathan (Spring 2006). "A History of Online Gatekeeping" (PDF). Harvard Journal of Law and Technology. Harvard Law School. 19 (2): 253. Retrieved April 20, 2008.
  • Zittrain, Jonathan (Winter 2004). "Normative Principles for Evaluating Free and Proprietary Software". University of Chicago Law Review. The University of Chicago Law School via SSRN. 71 (1). SSRN 529862.

Notes

  1. ^ a b Duffy Marsan, Carolyn (April 9, 2008). . Network World. IDG. Archived from the original on April 14, 2008. Retrieved April 17, 2008.
  2. ^ Will you find tantalizing stories in Harvard law books?, Sharon Tate Moody, Tampa Tribune, March 13, 2016
  3. ^ Zittrain, Jonathan L.; Jennifer K. Harrison (August 15, 2004). The Torts Game: Defending Mean Joe Greene. Aspen Publishers via Amazon Online Reader. xiv. ISBN 0-7355-4509-X. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  4. ^ Blog post - Musical Interlude
  5. ^ Jeff Zittrain – Index
  6. ^ Amazon.com: Negotiating Arab-Israeli Peace: Patterns, Problems, Possibilities (9780253211590): Neil Caplan: Books
  7. ^ Laurie Zittrain Eisenberg – Department of History – Carnegie Mellon University
  8. ^ . Shady Side Academy. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  9. ^ . Province of British Columbia. Archived from the original on October 31, 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  10. ^ a b "Jonathan Zittrain". The Connecticut Forum. Retrieved April 27, 2012.
  11. ^ "Zittrain to be intellectual property lecturer". Case Western Reserve University. Retrieved April 16, 2008.[dead link]
  12. ^ a b . University of Oxford. Archived from the original on April 19, 2008. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  13. ^ "Faceoff: Lessig vs. Zittrain". Stanford Law School. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
  14. ^ "All courses related to Jonathan Zittrain". Berkman Center. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  15. ^ a b "Jonathan Zittrain". TechWeb and O'Reilly Media. Retrieved April 21, 2008.
  16. ^ . University of Oxford. March 16, 2005. Archived from the original on July 9, 2007. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  17. ^ "Casing the Future". Harvard Magazine. May 5, 2009. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  18. ^ Zuckerman, Ethan (April 27, 2006). . WorldChanging. Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved April 19, 2008.
  19. ^ a b Zittrain, Jonathan. . Yale Books Unbound, Yale University Press. Archived from the original on February 16, 2009. Retrieved April 19, 2008.
  20. ^ . May 5, 2009. Archived from the original on May 12, 2009. Retrieved August 3, 2009.
  21. ^ Rebecca Jeschke (February 11, 2011). "EFF Appoints Jonathan Zittrain to the Board of Directors". EFF. Retrieved March 15, 2011.
  22. ^ . Archived from the original on June 24, 2013. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  23. ^ "Open Internet Advisory Committee Members Announced". December 13, 2015.
  24. ^ Zittrain, Jonathan; Edelman, Benjamin (October 24, 2003). "Documentation of Internet Filtering Worldwide". Retrieved April 17, 2008. and Zittrain, Jonathan; Edelman, Benjamin (October 26, 2002). "Localized Google search result exclusions". Retrieved April 17, 2008.
  25. ^ "Reports". The OpenNet Initiative. Retrieved April 17, 2008.
  26. ^ "Research". The OpenNet Initiative. Retrieved April 17, 2008.
  27. ^ . Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 11, 2014.
  28. ^ "About ONI". The OpenNet Initiative. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  29. ^ . Chilling Effects. Archived from the original on June 3, 2002. Retrieved November 30, 2008.
  30. ^ J. Urban & L. Quilter, "Efficient Process or 'Chilling Effects'? Takedown Notices Under Section 512 of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act," Santa Clara Computer & High Technology Law Journal (March 2006)
  31. ^ Free Expression Policy Project
  32. ^ Maytal, Anat (February 21, 2002). "Professor To Present Case to Supreme Court". The Harvard Crimson. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  33. ^ "ELDRED V. ASHCROFT (01-618) 537 U.S. 186 (2003)". Supreme Court collection of Cornell Law School. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  34. ^ "The Year of the Copyright". Harvard Law Bulletin. The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Spring 2003. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  35. ^ a b Zittrain, Jonathan (April 14, 2008). The Future of the Internet--And How to Stop It. Yale University Press. pp. 159–161. ISBN 978-0-300-12487-3.
  36. ^ Anthes, Gary (April 7, 2008). . Computerworld. International Data Group. Archived from the original on January 16, 2009. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  37. ^ "StopBadware.org Frequently Asked Questions". StopBadware.org. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  38. ^ Talbot, David (March 2006). "Q&A: Jonathan Zittrain". Technology Review. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved April 17, 2008.
  39. ^ Graves, Lucas (January 2007). "End-Time for the Internet". Wired. Vol. 15, no. 1. CondéNet. p. 15. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  40. ^ Stallman, Richard (March–April 2008). "The root of this problem is software controlled by its developer". Boston Review. 33 (2). Retrieved April 21, 2008.
  41. ^ Owen, Bruce M. (March–April 2008). "As long as flexibility has value to users, suppliers will have incentives to offer it". Boston Review. 33 (2). Retrieved April 21, 2008.
  42. ^ Grimes, Roger A. (March–April 2008). "Fixing Web insecurity requires more than a caring community". Boston Review. Retrieved April 21, 2008.
  43. ^ Varian, Hal (March–April 2008). . Boston Review. 33 (2). Archived from the original on May 14, 2008. Retrieved April 21, 2008.
  44. ^ "About Us". StopBadware.org. Retrieved April 17, 2008.
  45. ^ "StopBadware celebrates second anniversary; adds two new sponsors" (PDF) (Press release). StopBadware.org. February 26, 2008. Retrieved April 18, 2008.
  46. ^ a b Hulbert, Mark (September 10, 2006). "Stock Tips From Spam Aren't Just Silly. They're Costly". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2008.
  47. ^ Frieder, Laura; Zittrain, Jonathan (March 14, 2007). "Spam Works: Evidence from Stock Touts and Corresponding Market Activity". Berkman Center Research Publication No. 2006-11. SSRN 920553. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  48. ^ "At Harvard Law, Zittrain and Zuckerberg discuss encryption, 'information fiduciaries' and targeted advertisements". Harvard Law Today. Retrieved February 20, 2019.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jonathan Zittrain.

Home pages

  • "Jonathan Zittrain". Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard Law School. Retrieved April 20, 2008.

Media coverage

  • Jonathan Zittrain on Charlie Rose
  • Jonathan Zittrain at IMDb
  • Jonathan Zittrain at TED  
  • Works by or about Jonathan Zittrain in libraries (WorldCat catalog)

January 13, 2023
jonathan, zittrain, jonathan, zittrain, born, december, 1969, american, professor, internet, george, bemis, professor, international, harvard, school, also, professor, harvard, kennedy, school, professor, computer, science, harvard, school, engineering, applie. Jonathan L Zittrain born December 24 1969 is an American professor of Internet law and the George Bemis Professor of International Law at Harvard Law School He is also a professor at the Harvard Kennedy School a professor of computer science at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and co founder and director of Harvard s Berkman Klein Center for Internet amp Society Previously Zittrain was Professor of Internet Governance and Regulation at the Oxford Internet Institute of the University of Oxford and visiting professor at the New York University School of Law and Stanford Law School He is the author of The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It as well as co editor of the books Access Denied MIT Press 2008 Access Controlled MIT Press 2010 and Access Contested MIT Press 2011 Jonathan ZittrainZittrain giving a speech in 2007Born 1969 12 24 December 24 1969 age 53 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U S EducationShady Side AcademyYale University BS Harvard University JD OccupationProfessorOrganizationsHarvard UniversityElectronic Frontier FoundationWebsitecyber wbr law wbr harvard wbr edu wbr people wbr jzittrainZittrain works in several intersections of the Internet with law and policy including intellectual property censorship and filtering for content control and computer security He founded a project at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet amp Society that develops classroom tools 1 In 2001 he helped found Chilling Effects a collaborative archive created by Wendy Seltzer to protect lawful online activity from legal threats He also served as vice dean for Library and Information Resources at Harvard 2 Contents 1 Family and education 2 Later career 3 Internet filtering 4 Copyright 5 Security 6 Stock markets and spam 7 Facebook 8 Recent publications 9 Notes 10 External linksFamily and education Edit Zittrain speaking at iSummit07 Zittrain is the son of two attorneys Ruth A Zittrain and Lester E Zittrain In 2004 with Jennifer K Harrison Zittrain published The Torts Game Defending Mean Joe Greene a book the authors dedicated to their parents 3 His brother Jeff is an established Bay Area musician 4 5 His sister Laurie Zittrain Eisenberg is a scholar of the Arab and Israeli conflict 6 and teaches at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh 7 Zittrain who grew up in the suburb of Churchill outside of Pittsburgh graduated in 1987 from Shady Side Academy a private school in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 8 He holds a bachelor s summa cum laude in cognitive science and artificial intelligence from Yale University 1991 where he was a member of the Yale Political Union Manuscript Society and Davenport College a JD magna cum laude from Harvard Law School 1995 where he was the winner of the Williston Negotiation Competition and a master of public administration from Harvard s John F Kennedy School of Government 1995 9 10 He was law clerk for Stephen F Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and served with the U S Department of Justice and in 1991 with the Department of State as well as at the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence in 1992 and 1994 11 He was a longtime forum administrator or sysop for the online service CompuServe serving for many years as the chief administrator for its private forum for all of its forum administrators 10 Later career Edit Jonathan Zittrain in 2008 Zittrain joined the staff of the University of Oxford in Oxford in the United Kingdom as of September 2005 12 He held the Chair in Internet Governance and Regulation was a principal of the Oxford Internet Institute and was a Professorial Fellow of Keble College which has developed a particular interest in computer science and public policy 12 In the United States he was also the Jack N amp Lillian R Berkman Visiting Professor for Entrepreneurial Legal Studies at Harvard Law School in Cambridge Massachusetts and director and founder with Charles Nesson of its Berkman Center for Internet amp Society Zittrain was a visiting professor at the Stanford Law School in 2007 13 and was a visiting professor at New York University School of Law in Manhattan for the spring 2008 semester Zittrain taught or taught with others Harvard s courses on Cyberlaw Internet Points of Control The Exploding Internet Building A Global Commons in Cyberspace Torts Internet amp Society The Technologies and Politics of Control The Law of Cyberspace The Law of Cyberspace Social Protocols Privacy Policy The Microsoft Case and The High Tech Entrepreneur 14 He searched for novel ways to use technology unobtrusively in the classroom at Harvard 15 founded H2O 16 and used the system to teach his classes Students are polled assigned opposing arguments and use H2O to develop their writing skills Students enrolled in his The Internet and Society class could participate both orally and via the Internet A teaching fellow seated in the classroom supplied Zittrain with the comments received from students in real time via e mail as well as through chat or instant message from students participating in the class while logged into Second Life www secondlife com 17 He has been critical of the process used by ICANN the International Telecommunication Union and the World Summit on the Information Society 18 Although he describes their approach as in some ways simple and naive Zittrain sees more hope in the open Internet Engineering Task Force model and in the ethical code and assumption of good faith that govern Wikipedia 19 He wrote in 2008 Wikipedia with the cooperation of many Wikipedians has developed a system of self governance that has many indicia of the rule of law without heavy reliance on outside authority or boundary 19 In 2009 Zittrain was elected to the Internet Society s board of trustees for a four year term 20 In February 2011 he joined the board of the Electronic Frontier Foundation 21 In May 2011 Zittrain was made for Federal Communications Commission Distinguished Scholar 22 In May 2012 he was made for Chair at Federal Communications Commission Open Internet Advisory Committee 23 Internet filtering EditThe OpenNet Initiative ONI monitors Internet censorship by national governments Between 2001 and 2003 at Harvard s Berkman Center Zittrain and Benjamin Edelman studied Internet filtering In their tests during 2002 when Google had indexed almost 2 5 billion pages they found sites blocked from approximately 100 in France and Germany to 2 000 in Saudi Arabia and 20 000 in the People s Republic of China The authors published a statement of issues and a call for data that year 24 Building on the work completed at the Berkman Center ONI published special reports case studies and bulletins beginning in 2004 25 and as of 2008 offered research on filtering in 40 countries as well as by regions of the world 26 As of 2016 Zittrain remains a principal investigator at ONI together with Ronald Deibert of the University of Toronto John Palfrey who was previously the executive director of the Berkman Center now the head of School at Phillips Academy in Andover Massachusetts 27 and Rafal Rohozinski of the University of Cambridge 28 In 2001 Zittrain cofounded Chilling Effects with his students and former students including its creator and leader Wendy Seltzer It monitors cease and desist letters Google directs its users to Chilling Effects when its search results have been altered at the request of a national government 15 29 Since 2002 researchers have been using the clearinghouse renamed Lumen in 2015 to study the use of cease and desist letters primarily looking at DMCA 512 takedown notices non DMCA copyright and trademark claims 30 31 Copyright EditOn October 9 2002 Zittrain and Lawrence Lessig argued a landmark case known as Eldred v Ashcroft before the United States Supreme Court As co counsel for the plaintiff they argued that the Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act CTEA was unconstitutional 32 The court ruled 7 2 on January 15 2003 to uphold the CTEA which extended existing copyrights 20 years from the life of the author plus 50 years to plus 70 years In the words of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg the petitioners did not challenge the CTEA s life plus 70 years time span itself They maintain that Congress went awry not with respect to newly created works but in enlarging the term for published works with existing copyrights The court found that the act did not exceed Congress power and that CTEA s extension of existing and future copyrights does not violate the First Amendment 33 In 2003 Zittrain said he was concerned that Congress will hear the same arguments after the 20 year extension passes and that the Internet is causing a cultural reassessment of the meaning of copyright 34 Security Edit Zittrain and Lawrence Lessig speaking at Google in 2008 After Zittrain joined the staff at Oxford Zittrain and John Palfrey at the Berkman Center founded StopBadware org in 2006 to function as a clearinghouse for what has become proliferation of malware 35 Borrowing Wikipedia s ethical code that encourages users to do the right thing rather than the required thing 36 the organization wished to assign the task of data collection and not analysis about malware to Internet users at large 35 When its scans find dangerous code Google places StopBadware alerts in its search results and rescans later to determine whether a site thereafter had been cleaned 37 One of StopBadware s goals is to preempt the stifling of the Internet 38 The founders think that centralized regulation could follow a serious Internet security breach and that consumers might then choose to purchase closed centrally managed solutions like tethered appliances that are modified by their vendor rather than owner or might flee to services in walled gardens In Zittrain s word generative devices and platforms including the Internet itself offer an opening forward 1 In 2007 he cautioned we re moving to software as service which can be yanked or transformed at any moment The ability of your PC to run independent code is an important safety valve 39 Reactions in the Boston Review accompanied the publication of his book The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It in 2008 Support came from David D Clark and Susan P Crawford Criticism ranged from Richard Stallman s finding no evidence of a flight to closed systems and his message that software developers need control and software patents must end 40 to a request for cost benefit analysis 41 to the belief that netizenship won t scale to the business world 42 to faith that consumers will buy only open non proprietary systems 43 Directed by Palfrey and Zittrain StopBadware receives high level guidance from its advisory board Vint Cerf of Google Esther Dyson George He of Lenovo Greg Papadopoulos formerly CTO of Sun Microsystems and Ari Schwartz of the Center for Democracy and Technology The working group which has included Ben Adida Scott Bradner Beau Brendler Jerry Gregoire Eric L Howes and Nart Villeneuve at various times frames the project s research agenda and methodology and is the body which helps to inform the public about StopBadware s work 44 StopBadware has been supported by AOL Google eBay PayPal Lenovo Trend Micro and VeriSign and its use has been advised by Consumer Reports WebWatch 45 Stock markets and spam EditWriting with Laura Freider of Purdue University in 2008 Zittrain published Spam Works Evidence from Stock Touts and Corresponding Market Activity in the Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal to document the manipulation of stock prices via spam e mail 46 They found evidence that stocks experience a significantly positive return on days prior to heavy touting via spam and that prolific spamming greatly affects the trading volume of a targeted stock Apart from transaction costs in some circumstances the spammer earned over 4 while the average investor who bought on the day of receipt of the spam would lose more than 5 if they sold two days later 47 Frieder said in 2006 that she knew of no other explanation for their results but that people do follow the stock tips in their spam e mail 46 Facebook EditIn February 2019 Zittrain interviewed Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg as part of a seminar for students at Harvard 48 Recent publications EditZittrain Jonathan April 14 2008 The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It Yale University Press ISBN 978 0 300 12487 3 online book Deibert Ronald J John G Palfrey Rafal Rohozinski Jonathan Zittrain Eds February 29 2008 Access Denied The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering MIT Press ISBN 978 0 262 54196 1 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Frieder Laura Zittrain Jonathan March 14 2007 Spam Works Evidence from Stock Touts and Corresponding Market Activity Berkman Center Research Publication No 2006 11 SSRN 920553 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Zittrain Jonathan 2006 Searches and Seizures in a Networked World Harvard Law Review Forum The Harvard Law Review Association 83 SSRN 916046 Zittrain Jonathan L May 2006 The Generative Internet PDF Harvard Law Review The Harvard Law Review Association 119 1974 Retrieved September 8 2015 Zittrain Jonathan Spring 2006 A History of Online Gatekeeping PDF Harvard Journal of Law and Technology Harvard Law School 19 2 253 Retrieved April 20 2008 Zittrain Jonathan Winter 2004 Normative Principles for Evaluating Free and Proprietary Software University of Chicago Law Review The University of Chicago Law School via SSRN 71 1 SSRN 529862 Notes Edit a b Duffy Marsan Carolyn April 9 2008 How the iPhone is killing the Net Network World IDG Archived from the original on April 14 2008 Retrieved April 17 2008 Will you find tantalizing stories in Harvard law books Sharon Tate Moody Tampa Tribune March 13 2016 Zittrain Jonathan L Jennifer K Harrison August 15 2004 The Torts Game Defending Mean Joe Greene Aspen Publishers via Amazon Online Reader xiv ISBN 0 7355 4509 X Retrieved April 18 2008 Blog post Musical Interlude Jeff Zittrain Index Amazon com Negotiating Arab Israeli Peace Patterns Problems Possibilities 9780253211590 Neil Caplan Books Laurie Zittrain Eisenberg Department of History Carnegie Mellon University School Calendar Shady Side Academy Archived from the original on July 19 2011 Retrieved April 16 2008 Speaker Bio Province of British Columbia Archived from the original on October 31 2006 Retrieved April 16 2008 a b Jonathan Zittrain The Connecticut Forum Retrieved April 27 2012 Zittrain to be intellectual property lecturer Case Western Reserve University Retrieved April 16 2008 dead link a b Professor Jonathan Zittrain University of Oxford Archived from the original on April 19 2008 Retrieved April 18 2008 Faceoff Lessig vs Zittrain Stanford Law School Retrieved April 28 2008 All courses related to Jonathan Zittrain Berkman Center Retrieved April 18 2008 a b Jonathan Zittrain TechWeb and O Reilly Media Retrieved April 21 2008 Cyberlaw expert Jonathan Zittrain elected to University s first Chair of Internet Governance and Regulation University of Oxford March 16 2005 Archived from the original on July 9 2007 Retrieved April 18 2008 Casing the Future Harvard Magazine May 5 2009 Retrieved April 18 2008 Zuckerman Ethan April 27 2006 Jonathan Zittrain The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It WorldChanging Archived from the original on October 6 2008 Retrieved April 19 2008 a b Zittrain Jonathan Chapter 6 The Lessons of Wikipedia in The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It Yale Books Unbound Yale University Press Archived from the original on February 16 2009 Retrieved April 19 2008 Internet Society Board of Trustees 2009 BoT Elections May 5 2009 Archived from the original on May 12 2009 Retrieved August 3 2009 Rebecca Jeschke February 11 2011 EFF Appoints Jonathan Zittrain to the Board of Directors EFF Retrieved March 15 2011 Chairman Genachowski Announces Jonathan Zittrain as FCC Distinguished Scholar FCC gov Archived from the original on June 24 2013 Retrieved January 18 2013 Open Internet Advisory Committee Members Announced December 13 2015 Zittrain Jonathan Edelman Benjamin October 24 2003 Documentation of Internet Filtering Worldwide Retrieved April 17 2008 and Zittrain Jonathan Edelman Benjamin October 26 2002 Localized Google search result exclusions Retrieved April 17 2008 Reports The OpenNet Initiative Retrieved April 17 2008 Research The OpenNet Initiative Retrieved April 17 2008 John Palfrey Head of School at Phillips Academy Archived from the original on April 7 2014 Retrieved April 11 2014 About ONI The OpenNet Initiative Retrieved July 10 2016 About Us Chilling Effects Archived from the original on June 3 2002 Retrieved November 30 2008 J Urban amp L Quilter Efficient Process or Chilling Effects Takedown Notices Under Section 512 of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act Santa Clara Computer amp High Technology Law Journal March 2006 Will Fair Use Survive Free Expression in the Age of Copyright Control 2005 PDF Free Expression Policy Project Maytal Anat February 21 2002 Professor To Present Case to Supreme Court The Harvard Crimson Retrieved April 18 2008 ELDRED V ASHCROFT 01 618 537 U S 186 2003 Supreme Court collection of Cornell Law School Retrieved April 18 2008 The Year of the Copyright Harvard Law Bulletin The President and Fellows of Harvard College Spring 2003 Retrieved April 18 2008 a b Zittrain Jonathan April 14 2008 The Future of the Internet And How to Stop It Yale University Press pp 159 161 ISBN 978 0 300 12487 3 Anthes Gary April 7 2008 The end of the Internet as we know it Jonathan Zittrain fears the worst Computerworld International Data Group Archived from the original on January 16 2009 Retrieved April 16 2008 StopBadware org Frequently Asked Questions StopBadware org Retrieved April 16 2008 Talbot David March 2006 Q amp A Jonathan Zittrain Technology Review Massachusetts Institute of Technology Retrieved April 17 2008 Graves Lucas January 2007 End Time for the Internet Wired Vol 15 no 1 CondeNet p 15 Retrieved April 18 2008 Stallman Richard March April 2008 The root of this problem is software controlled by its developer Boston Review 33 2 Retrieved April 21 2008 Owen Bruce M March April 2008 As long as flexibility has value to users suppliers will have incentives to offer it Boston Review 33 2 Retrieved April 21 2008 Grimes Roger A March April 2008 Fixing Web insecurity requires more than a caring community Boston Review Retrieved April 21 2008 Varian Hal March April 2008 Ultimately the best protection is an informed buyer who demands openness Boston Review 33 2 Archived from the original on May 14 2008 Retrieved April 21 2008 About Us StopBadware org Retrieved April 17 2008 StopBadware celebrates second anniversary adds two new sponsors PDF Press release StopBadware org February 26 2008 Retrieved April 18 2008 a b Hulbert Mark September 10 2006 Stock Tips From Spam Aren t Just Silly They re Costly The New York Times Retrieved April 19 2008 Frieder Laura Zittrain Jonathan March 14 2007 Spam Works Evidence from Stock Touts and Corresponding Market Activity Berkman Center Research Publication No 2006 11 SSRN 920553 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help At Harvard Law Zittrain and Zuckerberg discuss encryption information fiduciaries and targeted advertisements Harvard Law Today Retrieved February 20 2019 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jonathan Zittrain Home pages Jonathan Zittrain Berkman Center for Internet amp Society at Harvard Law School Retrieved April 20 2008 Media coverage Jonathan Zittrain on Charlie Rose Jonathan Zittrain at IMDb Jonathan Zittrain at TED Works by or about Jonathan Zittrain in libraries WorldCat catalog Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jonathan Zittrain amp oldid 1117034923, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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