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Hole (band)

February 09, 2024

Hole was an American alternative rock band formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1989. It was founded by singer Courtney Love and guitarist Eric Erlandson. It had several different bassists and drummers, the most prolific being drummer Patty Schemel, and bassists Kristen Pfaff (d. 1994) and Melissa Auf der Maur. Hole released a total of four studio albums between two incarnations spanning the 1990s and early-2010s and became one of the most commercially successful rock bands in history fronted by a woman.[4]

Hole
Hole performing at Public Assembly, NYC in April 2013
Background information
OriginHollywood, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Genres
DiscographyHole discography
Years active
  • 1989 (1989)–2002
  • 2009–2012
Labels
Past members

Influenced by Los Angeles' punk rock scene, the band's debut album, Pretty on the Inside (1991), was produced by Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth, and attracted critical interest from British and American alternative press. Their second album, Live Through This, released in 1994 by DGC Records, combined elements of punk, grunge, and pop rock music,[1] and was widely acclaimed, reaching platinum status within a year of its release. Their third album, Celebrity Skin (1998), marked a notable departure from their earlier punk influences, boasting a more commercially viable sound; the album sold around 2 million copies worldwide, and earned them significant critical acclaim.

They disbanded in 2002, and the members individually pursued other projects. Eight years later in 2010, Hole was reformed by Love with new members, despite Erlandson's claim that the reformation breached a mutual contract he had with her. The reformed band released the album Nobody's Daughter (2010), which was conceived as Love's second solo album. In 2013, Love retired the Hole name, releasing new material and touring as a solo artist.

Hole received several accolades, including four Grammy Award nominations. They were also commercially successful, selling over three million records in the United States alone, and had a far-reaching influence on contemporary female artists. Music and feminist scholars have also recognized the band as the most high-profile musical group of the 1990s to discuss gender issues in their songs, due to Love's aggressive and violent lyrical content, which often addressed themes of body image, abuse, and sexual exploitation.

Background edit

In Euripides' Medea, when she kills the bride and her own child, she says "There's a hole that pierces my soul." [And] my mother's this kind of new age psychologist, and I said "You know, I had this terrible childhood," and she said "Well, you can't have a hole running through you all the time, Courtney." You know, and then [there's] the genital reference, go ahead and make it if you will.

—Courtney Love on the origins of the name Hole, 1995.[5]

Hole formed after Eric Erlandson responded to an advertisement placed by Courtney Love in The Recycler in the summer of 1989. The advertisement read: "I want to start a band. My influences are Big Black, Sonic Youth, and Fleetwood Mac."[6] Erlandson recalled of their first meeting: "We met at this coffee shop, and I saw her and I thought 'Oh, God. Oh, no, What am I getting myself into?' She grabbed me and started talking, and she's like 'I know you're the right one', and I hadn't even opened my mouth yet."[7] In retrospect, Love said that Erlandson "had a Thurston [Moore] quality about him" and was an "intensely weird, good guitarist".[6] In his 2012 book, Letters to Kurt, Erlandson revealed that he and Love had a sexual relationship during their first year together in the band,[8] which Love also confirmed.[9]

Love had been living a nomadic life prior, immersing herself in numerous music scenes and living in various cities along the West Coast.[10] After unsuccessful attempts at forming bands in San Francisco (where she was briefly a member of Faith No More)[11] and Portland, Love relocated to Los Angeles, where she found work as an actress in two Alex Cox films (Sid and Nancy and Straight to Hell).[12][13] Erlandson, a Los Angeles native and a graduate of Loyola Marymount University, was working as an accountant for Capitol Records at the time he met Love.[14]

Love originally wanted to name the band Sweet Baby Crystal Powered by God, but opted for the name Hole instead.[15] During an interview on Later... with Jools Holland, she claimed the name for the band was partly inspired by a quote from Euripides' Medea that read: "There is a hole that pierces right through me."[16] She also cited a conversation with her mother as the primary inspiration for the band's name, in which her mother told her that she couldn't live her life "with a hole running through her".[5][17] Love also acknowledged the "obvious" genital reference in the band's name, alluding to the vagina.[5]

Career edit

1989–1991: Early work and indie success edit

 
Love and Erlandson performing with Hole, c. 1989.

In the months preceding the band's full formation, Love and Erlandson would write and record in the evenings at a rehearsal space in Hollywood, loaned to them by the Red Hot Chili Peppers;[18] during the day, Love worked as a stripper to support the band and purchase amplifiers and their backline for live shows.[19] Hole's first official rehearsal took place at Fortress Studios in Hollywood with Love, Erlandson and Lisa Roberts on bass. According to Erlandson, "these two girls show up dressed completely crazy, we set up and they said, "okay, just start playing something." I started playing and they started screaming at the top of their lungs for two or three hours. Crazy lyrics and screaming. I said to myself, "most people would just run away from this really fast. But I heard something in Courtney's voice and lyrics."[20] Initially, the band had no percussion until Love met drummer Caroline Rue[17] at a Gwar and L7 concert in Long Beach.[21] The band subsequently recruited a third guitarist, Mike Geisbrecht. Hole's first show took place at Raji's, a small bar in Hollywood, in October 1989.[22] By early 1990, Geisbrecht and Roberts had both left the band, which led to the recruitment of bassist Jill Emery. According to Caroline Rue, Love fired Roberts after she threatened a Long Beach club owner—the wife of mobster Eddie Nash—with a screwdriver when the club refused to pay them for their performance.[23]

Hole released their no wave-influenced debut single "Retard Girl" in April 1990, and followed it with "Dicknail" in 1991, released on Sympathy for the Record Industry and Sub Pop, respectively. According to disc jockey Rodney Bingenheimer, Love would often approach him at a Denny's on Sunset Blvd. where he went for coffee in the mornings, and convinced him to give "Retard Girl" airtime on his station KROQ-FM.[24]

In 1991, the band signed onto Caroline Records to release their debut album, and Love sought Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth to produce the record.[25][26] She sent a letter, a Hello Kitty barrette, and copies of the band's early singles to her, mentioning that the band greatly admired Gordon's work and appreciated "the production of the SST record"[27] (either referring to Sonic Youth's album Sister or EVOL). Gordon, impressed by the band's singles, agreed to produce the album, with assistance from Gumball's Don Fleming. The album, titled Pretty on the Inside, was released in September 1991 to positive reception from underground critics, branded "loud, ugly and deliberately shocking",[28] and earned a spot on Spin's "20 Best Albums of the Year" list.[29] It was also voted album of the year by New York's Village Voice[30] and peaked at number 59 on the UK albums chart.[31] The album spawned one single, "Teenage Whore", which entered the UK Indie Chart at number one,[32] as well as the band's debut music video for the song "Garbadge Man".

Musically and lyrically, Pretty on the Inside was abrasive and drew on elements of punk rock and sludge metal, characterized by overt noise and feedback, chaotic guitar riffs, contrasting tempos, graphic lyrics, and a variation of Love's vocals ranging from whispers to guttural screaming.[33] In later years, Love referred to the album as "unlistenable", despite its critical accolades and eventual cult following.[34] The band embarked on a European tour in the fall of 1991 supporting Mudhoney.[35][36] They also toured intermittently in the United States between July and December 1991, playing primarily at hard rock and punk clubs, including CBGB and the Whisky a Go Go, where they opened for the Smashing Pumpkins.[37] In a write-up by the Los Angeles Times on the band's final show of the tour, it was noted that Love smashed the headstock of her Rickenbacker guitar onstage.[37]

In mid-1991, the band began to get the attention of the major labels. The first to court them was Maverick — a Warner subsidiary founded by Madonna and music executive Freddy DeMann. Love, however, was uninterested: "[They] would have me riding on elephants. They don't know what I am. For them, I'm a visual, period."[38] She was also uneasy about sharing the spotlight on a label so heavily associated with one of the industry's most iconic female performers. In a 1992 interview with Vanity Fair, Love described Madonna's interest as "kind of like Dracula's interest in his latest victim".[38]

1992–1999: Mainstream success edit

1992–1995: Live Through This edit

See also: Live Through This Tour

Love and Erlandson began writing new material for a second Hole album in 1992, in the midst of Love's pregnancy with Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain. Love's desire to take the band in a more melodic and controlled rock format led bassist Emery to leave the band,[39] and drummer Caroline Rue followed. In an advertisement to find a new bass player, Love wrote: "[I want] someone who can play ok, and stand in front of 30,000 people, take off her shirt and have 'fuck you' written on her tits. If you're not afraid of me and you're not afraid to fucking say it, send a letter. No more pussies, no more fake girls, I want a whore from hell."[40] In April 1992, drummer Patty Schemel was recruited after an audition in Los Angeles, but the band spent the remainder of the year without a bassist; Love, Schemel, and Erlandson began to write material together in the interim.[34]

Hole signed to Geffen's subsidiary DGC label with an eight-album contract in late 1992. In the spring of 1993, the band released their single "Beautiful Son", which was recorded in Seattle with producer Jack Endino as a fill-in bass player; Love also played bass on the single's b-side "20 Years In the Dakota", as well as on their contribution to the 1993 Germs tribute album A Small Circle of Friends.[41] In the spring of 1993, Love and Erlandson recruited Janitor Joe bassist Kristen Pfaff,[42] and the band toured the United Kingdom in the summer of that year (including the Phoenix Festival on July 16), mainly performing material from their upcoming major label debut, Live Through This, which they recorded at Triclops Studios in Marietta, Georgia in October 1993.

 
Courtney Love performing with Hole at Big Day Out, Melbourne, January 22, 1995.

Live Through This was released on April 12, 1994, one week after Love's husband, Kurt Cobain, was found dead in his Seattle home. In the wake of Love's family tragedy, Live Through This was a critical success. It spawned several popular singles, including "Doll Parts", "Violet", and "Miss World", going multi-platinum and being hailed "Album of the Year" by Spin magazine.[43][44] NME called the album "a personal but secretive thrash-pop opera of urban nihilism and passionate dumb thinks",[45] and Rolling Stone said the album "may be the most potent blast of female insurgency ever committed to tape".[46]

Despite the critical praise for Live Through This, rumors circulated insinuating that Cobain had actually written the majority of the album, though the band vehemently denies this.[39] The band's drummer Patty Schemel, who had been friends with Cobain since the late 1980s,[34] said: "There's that myth that Kurt [Cobain] wrote all our songs— it's not true. Courtney and Eric wrote Live Through This."[39] The band did, however, state that Love convinced Cobain to provide backing vocals on "Asking for It" and "Softer, Softest" while visiting the studio, and music producers and engineers present during the recording sessions noted that Cobain seemed "completely unfamiliar" with the songs.[47] According to Rolling Stone rock journalist Gavin Edwards, Love and Cobain had written songs together in the past, but opted to not release them because it was "a bit too redolent of John and Yoko".[48]

In 1994, bassist Kristen Pfaff went into a drug treatment facility to treat her heroin addiction. Pfaff contemplated leaving the band for health reasons. In June 1994, she was found dead of a heroin overdose in the bathroom of her Seattle home, 2 months after the death of Cobain.[49] The band put their impending tour on hold, pulling out of the upcoming Lollapalooza festival.

Recruiting bassist Melissa Auf der Maur over the summer, they commenced their world tour on August 26 at the Reading Festival in England, giving a performance that John Peel described as "teetering on the edge of chaos".[50] The band embarked on a worldwide tour throughout late 1994 and for the duration of 1995, with appearances at the KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas, Saturday Night Live, the Big Day Out festival, MTV Unplugged, the 1995 Reading Festival, Lollapalooza 1995, and at the MTV Video Music Awards, where they were nominated for the "Doll Parts" music video.[51][52]

Love's reckless stage presence during the tour became a media spectacle, drawing press from MTV and other outlets due to her unpredictable performances.[53] While touring with Sonic Youth, Love got into a physical fight with Kathleen Hanna backstage at a 1995 Lollapalooza festival and punched her in the face.[54][55] In an August 1995 band interview with Rolling Stone, drummer Patty Schemel formally came out as a lesbian, saying: "It's important. I'm not out there with that fucking pink flag or anything, but it's good for other people who live somewhere else in some small town who feel freaky about being gay to know that there's other people who are and that it's okay."[7] In a retrospective interview, Schemel said:

We had a really safe place [in Hole]. Courtney was a force that would not allow any of us to be spoken down to—or any of that kind of behavior in a space that we were in—no matter where we were. She was good at that. I felt safe in my band to come out as a gay woman.[56]

Toward the end of the tour, the band released their first EP, titled Ask for It, in September 1995; it featured 1991 Peel session recordings, as well as covers of songs by Wipers and The Velvet Underground.[57] The band performed its last show of the year on September 3, 1995, at the Molson Polar Beach Party in Tuktoyaktuk, Northwest Territories, Canada. The concert was a promotional event for the Molson Brewery, and also featured performances by Metallica, Veruca Salt, and Moist.[58]

1996–1999: Celebrity Skin edit

In 1996, the band recorded and released a cover of Fleetwood Mac's "Gold Dust Woman" for The Crow: City of Angels (1996) soundtrack,[59] the band's first studio song to feature Melissa Auf der Maur on bass, and produced by Ric Ocasek. Hole released two retrospective albums during this time: firstly, their second EP, titled The First Session (1997), which consisted of a complete version of the band's first recording session at Rudy's Rising Star in Los Angeles in March 1990, some of which had been bootlegged widely years prior. It featured the group's first ever recorded track, "Turpentine", which had previously been unreleased to the public.[60] The same year, the band released their first compilation album, My Body, The Hand Grenade (1997), featuring early singles, b-sides and recent live tracks.[60][61]

Our band is a collective, but Courtney has a lot of ideas and it's weird how they infiltrate our lives—it just happens. Like with the drowning theme, there were all these things going on while we were making this album, like Jeff Buckley drowning. And years before [bassist] Kristen [Pfaff] died in a bathtub. My father died basically drowning in his own body, he couldn't breathe, and Melissa's father died of lung cancer. Those were literal things, but drowning became a metaphor for this record and for all the people we had lost.

—Eric Erlandson on writing Celebrity Skin[62]

In 1997, the band entered Conway Recording Studios in Los Angeles after attempts to write new material in Miami, New Orleans, London, and New York.[63] Recorded over a ten-month period, Hole's third studio album, Celebrity Skin (1998), adopted a complete new sound for the band, incorporating elements of power pop, and had Love drawing influences from Fleetwood Mac and My Bloody Valentine.[63] According to Erlandson, Love was more focused on song-writing and singing than playing guitar on the record; Love stated that her aim for the album was to "deconstruct the California sound" in the L.A. tradition of bands like The Doors, The Beach Boys and The Byrds.[63] In addition to Hole, Smashing Pumpkins frontman Billy Corgan entered the studio and helped perfect five of the album's twelve songs.[63] Love, who felt she was in a creative slump, likened Corgan's presence in the studio to "a math teacher who wouldn't give you the answers but was making you solve the problems yourself".[63]

Upon the album's release, Corgan told CNN that he should have "been given credit [for writing the entire album]".[64] Erlandson responded to Corgan's statements in a Rolling Stone interview, commenting: "We were working on all the stuff that Courtney and I had already written. Billy really facilitated things, in a way ... I would bring in the music, Courtney would start coming up with lyrics right away, and [Billy] would help map it all out." Erlandson also stated: "Courtney writes all her own lyrics. Nobody else is writing those lyrics and nobody ever has."[62] One journalist took note of the controversy when reviewing the album, stating: "Back in 1994, the acclaim for Live Through This was undercut by whispers that Love's late husband wrote the album. Combine those conspiracy theories with the unfounded but persistent rumor that Cobain was actually murdered, and it is no surprise that, in the song 'Celebrity Skin', Love calls herself a walking study in demonology."[64]

Although Schemel is listed as drummer in the liner notes of the record, her drumming does not actually appear on the record; she was replaced by session drummer Deen Castronovo, under pressure from producer Michael Beinhorn.[65] After the replacement, Schemel quit the band.[65][66] Though Love and Erlandson had authorized Schemel's replacement, both expressed regret in retrospect, and Love stated in 2011 that Beinhorn was notorious for replacing drummers on records, and referred to him as "a Nazi".[34] After Schemel's departure, the band hired drummer Samantha Maloney for their upcoming tours and music videos.[66]

Celebrity Skin was a critical success with strong sales and successful singles, including the title track, "Celebrity Skin", "Malibu", and "Awful". The album received largely positive reviews, with praise from music periodicals such as Rolling Stone, NME, and Blender,[67][68] as well as a four-star review from the Los Angeles Times,[69] calling it a "wild emotional ride" sure to be "one of the most dissected and debated collections of the year".[69] The album peaked at number 9 on the Billboard 200, and garnered the band its first and only number 1 single, "Celebrity Skin", which topped the Modern Rock Tracks.[70] "Malibu", released December 29, 1998, was the album's second single; it charted at number 3 on the Modern Rock Tracks.[71]

1999–2002: Final tour and disbandment edit

In the winter of 1998–99, Hole went on tour to promote Celebrity Skin, joining Marilyn Manson, who was promoting his album, Mechanical Animals (1998) on the Beautiful Monsters Tour.[72] The tour turned into a publicity magnet, and Hole dropped out of the tour nine dates in, due to both the majority of the fans being Manson's, and the 50/50 financial arrangement between the groups, with Hole's production costs being disproportionately less than Manson's.[72] Manson and Love often mocked one another onstage, and Love attacked Manson's stage antics, which included tearing up a Bible during performances: "You know, whenever somebody rips up the Bible in front of 40,000 people, I think it's a big deal", she said during a 1999 interview.[24] Hole officially announced that they would be dropping out of the tour after a poorly received concert at the Rose Garden Arena in Portland, Oregon, which ended with Manson fans booing the band.[73]

The band continued to book shows and headline festivals after dropping off Manson's tour, and according to Auf der Maur, it was a "daily event" for Love to invite audience members onstage to sing with her for the last song at nearly every concert performance.[74] On June 17, 1999, during Hole's set at the Hultsfred Festival in Sweden, a 19-year-old girl died after being crushed by the mosh pit behind the mixing board.[75] Hole played its final show at Thunderbird Stadium in Vancouver on July 14, 1999.[76]

In October 1999, Auf der Maur quit Hole and went on to become a touring bassist for The Smashing Pumpkins.[77] Samantha Maloney also quit a few months later.[78] The band's final release was a single for the movie Any Given Sunday (1999). "Be a Man", released in March 2000, was an outtake from the Celebrity Skin sessions.[79] In April 2002, Love called The Howard Stern Show and said she had written nine songs with songwriter Linda Perry, but less than a month later Love and Erlandson officially disbanded Hole via a message posted on the band's website.[78][80] After the split, the four musicians each took on projects of their own: Erlandson continued to work as a producer and session musician, eventually forming the experimental group RRIICCEE with controversial artist Vincent Gallo.[81] Love began a solo career, releasing her debut, America's Sweetheart, in 2004, featuring several of the songs written with Perry.[82] Melissa Auf der Maur also embarked on a solo career, and released her self-titled debut album in 2004, which included Erlandson performing lead guitar on the track, "Would If I Could".[83] Her second album, Out of Our Minds, was released in March 2010.[84] Hole's body of work from its inception to its first disbandment includes thirteen singles,[85] three LPs,[86] three EPs,[85] and one compilation album.[86]

2009–2013: Reformation edit

 
Love and Micko Larkin performing with Hole at SXSW in Austin, Texas, 2010.

On June 17, 2009, seven years after Hole's disbandment, NME reported that Love was re-forming the band with guitarist Micko Larkin for an upcoming album, on which Melissa Auf der Maur would be providing backup vocals.[87] Days later, Melissa Auf der Maur stated in an interview that she was unaware of any reunion, but said Love had asked her to contribute harmonies to an upcoming album.[88] In response, Eric Erlandson stated in an interview with Spin magazine that a reunion could not take place without his involvement, citing that he and Love "have a contract".[89]

Hole launched a new website and various social media pages on January 1, 2010, and performed on Friday Night with Jonathan Ross in February. On February 17, 2010, they played a full set at the O2 Shepherd's Bush Empire, with support from Little Fish. On March 16, the first Hole single in ten years was released, titled "Skinny Little Bitch"; it peaked at No. 29 on the Billboard Rock Chart, and at No. 21 on the Alternative Singles chart.[90] The track also received airplay on Active rock and alternative radio.[91]

Nobody's Daughter was released on April 26, 2010, worldwide on Mercury Records, and was received moderately well by music critics.[92] Rolling Stone gave the album three out of five stars, but noted "[while Love] was an absolute monster vocalist in the nineties, the greatest era ever for rock singers ... She doesn't have that power in her lungs anymore – barely a trace. But at least she remembers, and that means something in itself." The magazine also referred to the album as "not a true success", but a "noble effort".[93] Love's voice, which had become noticeably raspier, was compared to the likes of Bob Dylan.[94] NME gave the album a 6/10 rating, and Robert Christgau rated it an "A−", saying, "Thing is, I can use some new punk rage in my life, and unless you're a fan of Goldman Sachs and BP Petroleum, so can you. What's more, better it come from a 45-year-old woman who knows how to throw her weight around than from the zitty newbies and tattooed road dogs who churn most of it out these days. I know—for her, BP Petroleum is just something else to pretend about. But the emotion fueling her pretense is cathartic nevertheless."[95] In support of the release, Hole toured extensively between 2010 and 2012 throughout North America and Europe,[96] as well as performing in Russia[97] and Brazil.[98]

On March 28, 2011, Love, Erlandson, Patty Schemel and Auf der Maur appeared at the New York screening of Schemel's documentary Hit So Hard: The Life and Near-Death Story of Patty Schemel at the Museum of Modern Art.[99] The appearance was the first time in thirteen years that all four members appeared together in public. Schemel had expressed a desire to record with Love, Erlandson and Auf der Maur stating "nothing has been discussed, but I have a feeling."[99] After the screening, the four took part in a Q&A session where Love stated: "For me, as much as I love playing with Patty – and I would play with her in five seconds again, and everyone onstage – if it's not moving forward, I don't wanna do it. That's just my thing. There's rumblings; there's always bloody rumblings. But if it's not miserable and it's going forward and I'm happy with it ... that's all I have to say about that question."[100]

In May 2011, a music video for "Samantha" was shot in Istanbul, although it remained officially unreleased.[101] In September 2011, Scott Lipps joined the band, replacing drummer Stu Fisher. In April 2012, Love, Erlandson, Auf der Maur and Schemel reunited at the Public Assembly in New York for a two-song set, including "Miss World" and the Wipers' "Over the Edge", at an after-party for the Hit So Hard documentary.[102] The performance marked the first time the four members performed together since 1998 after Schemel's departure and the 2002 breakup of the band.[103]

On December 29, 2012, Love performed a solo acoustic set in New York City, and in January 2013, performed at the Sundance Film Festival under her own name.[104] She booked further performances across North America as a solo act, with Larkin, bassist Shawn Dailey, and Lipps as her backing band.[105]

2014–2016: Second disbandment edit

 
Melissa Auf der Maur, Courtney Love, and Patty Schemel at a screening of Hit So Hard (2012) at the Museum of Modern Art, New York City

On December 28, 2013, Love posted two photos of herself with Erlandson on Facebook and Twitter, with a caption reading: "And this just happened ... 2014 going to be a very interesting year."[106] Love also tagged Melissa Auf der Maur as well as Hole's former manager, Peter Mensch, in the post, alluding to a reconciliation with Erlandson and possible reunion in 2014.[107][108]

On April 2, 2014, Rolling Stone reported that the Celebrity Skin line-up of the band had reunited (with Patty Schemel in lieu of Samantha Maloney).[109] Rolling Stone erroneously reported Love's upcoming solo single, "Wedding Day" to be a product of this reunion. Shortly after, Love curtailed her statement, saying: "We may have made out but there is no talk of marriage. It's very frail, nothing might happen, and now the band are all flipping out on me."[110] On May 1, in an interview with Pitchfork, Love discussed the possibility of a reunion, and also stated it had been "a mistake" releasing Nobody's Daughter as a Hole record in 2010. "Eric was right—I kind of cheapened the name, even though I'm legally allowed to use it. I should save 'Hole' for the lineup everybody wants to see and had the balls to put Nobody's Daughter under my own name."[111][112][113] Love further discussed the possibility of reuniting the band, saying:

No one's been dormant. Patty teaches drumming and drums in three indie bands. Melissa has her metal-nerd thing going on—her dream is to play Castle Donington with Dokken. Eric hasn't flipped—I jammed with him, he's still doing his Thurston [Moore]-crazy tunings, still corresponding with Kevin Shields. We all get along great. There are bands who reunite and hate each others' guts.[111]

2019–present: Possible reformation and attempted reunions edit

In October 2019, Hole rehearsed at the Hollywood Walk of Fame, in Los Angeles. Nothing transpired after the event, since Love had relocated to the United Kingdom afterwards.[114][115] In March 2020, Love and Auf Der Maur planned a performance at the "Bans Off My Body" event, which was eventually canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[116]

Artistry edit

Composition edit

Initially, Hole drew inspiration from no wave and experimental bands, which is evident in their earliest recordings, specifically "Retard Girl", but frontwoman Love also drew from a variety of influences. Love cited post-punk group Echo & the Bunnymen[117] and classic rock such as Neil Young[17] and Fleetwood Mac.[118] The band's first album, Pretty on the Inside, was heavily influenced by noise and punk rock, using discordant melodies, distortion, and feedback, with Love's vocals ranging from whispers to guttural screams.[86] Love described the band's earliest songwriting as being based on "really crazy Sonic Youth tunings".[119] Nonetheless, Love claimed to have aimed for a pop sound early on: "There's a part of me that wants to have a grindcore band and another that wants to have a Raspberries-type pop band",[17] she told Flipside magazine in 1991. Both Love and Erlandson were fans of the notorious LA punk band the Germs.[120] In a 1996 interview for a Germs tribute documentary, Erlandson said: "I think every band is based on one song, and our band was based on "Forming" ... Courtney brought it into rehearsal, and she knew, like, three chords and it was the only punk rock song we could play."[121]

The band's second album Live Through This, captured a less abrasive sound, while maintaining the group's original punk roots. "I want this record to be shocking to the people who don't think we have a soft edge, and at the same time, [to know] that we haven't lost our very, very hard edge",[122] Love told VH1 in 1994. The group's third album, Celebrity Skin, incorporated power pop into their hard rock sound, and was heavily inspired by California bands; Love was also influenced by Fleetwood Mac and My Bloody Valentine while writing the album.[63][123] The group's 2010 release, Nobody's Daughter, featured a more folk rock-oriented sound, utilizing acoustic guitar and softer melodies.[124]

The group's chord progressions by and large drew on elements of punk music,[125] which Love described as "grungey", although not necessarily grunge.[126] Critics described their song style as "deceptively wispy and strummy",[125] combined with "gunshot guitar choruses".[46] Although the group's sound changed over the course of their career, the dynamic between beauty and ugliness has often been noted, particularly due to the layering of harsh and abrasive riffs which often bury more sophisticated arrangements.[127]

Lyrical content edit

In a 1991 interview, Love stated that lyrics were "the most important" element of songwriting for her.[17] Her lyrics explored a variety of themes throughout Hole's career, including body image, rape, child abuse, addiction, celebrity, suicide, elitism, and inferiority complex; all of which were addressed mainly from a female, and often feminist standpoint.[128] This underlying feminism in Love's lyrics often led the public and critics to mistakenly associate her with the riot grrrl movement, of which Love was highly critical.[129][130][131]

In a 1991 interview with Everett True, Love said: "I try to place [beautiful imagery] next to fucked up imagery, because that's how I view things ... I sometimes feel that no one's taken the time to write about certain things in rock, that there's a certain female point of view that's never been given space."[132] Charles Cross has referred to her lyrics on Live Through This as being "true extensions of her diary",[39] and she has admitted that a great deal of the lyrics from Pretty on the Inside were excisions from her journals.[119]

Throughout Hole's career, Love's lyrics were often influenced by literature: The title of the band's second album Live Through This, for example (as well as lyrics from the track "Asking for It") is directly drawn from Gone With the Wind;[133] and the group's single "Celebrity Skin" (the title track to their 1998 album), contains quotes from Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice[134] and Dante Rossetti's poem A Superscription.[135] Love had had a minor background in literature, having briefly studied English literature in her early twenties.[136]

Performances edit

Throughout the duration of the 1990s, the band received widespread media coverage due to Love's often rambunctious and unpredictable behavior onstage.[137] The band often destroyed equipment and guitars at the end of concerts,[37] and Love would ramble between songs, bring fans onstage, and stage dive, sometimes returning with her clothes torn off of her or sustaining injuries.[138] In a 1995 New York magazine article, journalist John Homans addressed Love's frequent stage diving during Hole's concerts:

The most shocking, frightening, and fascinating image in rock in the last few years is Courtney Love's stage dive ... When some male performers do it, it looks like muscular, frat-boy fun, controlled aggression ... For obvious reasons, the practice was strictly no-girls-allowed, but Love, typically, decided that she wanted to do it, too. Groped, ravaged, she compared the experience to being raped, wrote a song about it, and now does it just about every show.[139]

Nina Gordon of Veruca Salt, who toured with Hole in 1995, recalled Love's erratic behavior onstage, saying "She would just go off and [the rest of the band] would just kind of stand there."[34] The majority of Love's chaotic behavior onstage was a result of heavy drug use at the time, which she admitted: "I was completely high on dope; I cannot remember much about it."[34] She later criticized her behavior during that time, saying: "I [saw] pictures of how I looked. It's disgusting. I'm ashamed. There's death and there's disease and there's misery and there's giving up your soul ... The human spirit mixed with certain powders is not the person, it's [a] demonic presence."[140]

Love's stage attire also garnered notoriety, influenced in part by Carroll Baker's wardrobe in the film Baby Doll (1956).[141] The style was later dubbed "kinderwhore" by the media, and consisted of babydoll dresses, slips and nightgowns, and smeared makeup.[142][143] Kurt Loder likened her onstage attire to a "debauched ragdoll",[144] and John Peel noted in his review of the band's 1994 Reading Festival performance, that "[Love], swaying wildly and with lipstick smeared on her face, hands and, I think, her back, as well as on the collar of her dress, ... would have drawn whistles of astonishment in Bedlam. The band teetered on the edge of chaos, generating a tension which I cannot remember having felt before from any stage."[50] Rolling Stone referred to the style as "a slightly more politically charged version of grunge; apathy turned into ruinous angst, which soon became high fashion's favorite pose."[145]

The band's set lists for live shows were often loose, featuring improvisational jams and rough performances of unreleased songs. By 1998, their live performances had become less aggressive and more restrained, although Love continued to bring fans onstage, and would often go into the crowd while singing.[74]

Legacy edit

Hole was one of the most commercially successful female-fronted alternative rock bands in history, selling over 3 million records in the United States between 1991 and 2010.[96][146][4] In spite of Love's often polarizing reputation in the media, Hole received consistent critical praise for their output, and was often noted for the predominant feminist commentary found in Love's lyrics, which scholars have credited as "articulating a third-wave feminist consciousness".[147] Love's subversive onstage persona and public image coincided with the band's songs, which expressed "pain, sorrow, and anger, but [an] underlying message of survival, particularly survival in the face of overwhelming circumstances".[148] Music journalist Maria Raha expressed a similar sentiment in regard to the band's significance to third-wave feminism, stating, "Whether you love Courtney [Love] or hate her, Hole was the highest-profile female-fronted band of the '90s to openly and directly sing about feminism."[149]

While Rolling Stone compared the effect of Love's marriage to Cobain on the band to that of John Lennon and Yoko Ono, they noted that "Love's confrontational stage presence, as well as her gut-wrenching vocals and powerful punk-pop songcraft, made her an alternative-rock star in her own right."[150] Author Nick Wise made a similar comparison in discussion of the band's public image, stating, "Not since Yoko Ono's marriage to John Lennon has a woman's personal life and exploits within the rock arena been so analyzed and dissected."[151]

The band has been cited as a major influence on several contemporary artists, including indie singer-songwriter Scout Niblett,[152] Brody Dalle (of The Distillers and Spinnerette),[153] Sky Ferreira,[154] Lana Del Rey,[155] Tove Lo,[156] Tegan and Sara,[157] Annie Hardy (of Giant Drag),[158] Victoria Legrand (of Beach House),[159] and the British rock band Nine Black Alps.[160] The band ranked at number 77 on VH1's 100 Greatest Hard Rock Artists list.[161]

Materials loss edit

In 2008 a fire swept through Universal Studios Hollywood destroying buildings belonging to Universal Music Group. News reports said that many artists including Hole had lost recordings in the fire. Love and the band were one of the artists suing UMG for the loss; however, on August 16, 2019, the band was removed from that lawsuit as it was amended "based on UMG's representations that none of Hole's original masters were destroyed (subject to confirmation)".[162][failed verification][163]

Members edit

Timeline

Discography edit

Main article: Hole discography

Accolades edit

Award Year Category Nominated work(s) Result Ref.
Grammy Awards 1999 Best Rock Album Celebrity Skin Nominated [164]
Best Rock Song "Celebrity Skin" Nominated
Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group Nominated
2000 "Malibu" Nominated [165]
MTV Video Music Awards 1995 Best Alternative Video "Doll Parts" Nominated [166]
1999 Best Cinematography "Malibu" Nominated [167]
NME Awards 1999 Best Band Hole Nominated [168]
Best Album Celebrity Skin Nominated
Best Single "Celebrity Skin" Nominated
Spin Readers' Poll Awards 1994 Album of the Year Live Through This Won [169]

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  • Gaar, Gillian G. (2002). She's a Rebel:The History of Women in Rock & Roll. New York City, New York: Seal Press. ISBN 978-1-58005-078-4.
  • Feigenbaum, Anna (November 2, 2007). Tasker, Yvonne; Negra, Diane (eds.). Interrogating Postfeminism: Gender and the Politics of Popular Culture. Console-ing Passions. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-8223-4032-4.
  • Hogg, Karen (2001). Guitar Styles – Women in Rock: The Guitarist's Guide to Music of the Masters, Book & CD. Los Angeles, California: Alfred Music Publishing. ISBN 978-0-739-02016-6.
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  • Marks, Craig (February 1995). "Endless Love". Spin. 10 (11): 42–52. ISSN 0886-3032.
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External links edit

February 09, 2024
hole, band, hole, american, alternative, rock, band, formed, angeles, california, 1989, founded, singer, courtney, love, guitarist, eric, erlandson, several, different, bassists, drummers, most, prolific, being, drummer, patty, schemel, bassists, kristen, pfaf. Hole was an American alternative rock band formed in Los Angeles California in 1989 It was founded by singer Courtney Love and guitarist Eric Erlandson It had several different bassists and drummers the most prolific being drummer Patty Schemel and bassists Kristen Pfaff d 1994 and Melissa Auf der Maur Hole released a total of four studio albums between two incarnations spanning the 1990s and early 2010s and became one of the most commercially successful rock bands in history fronted by a woman 4 HoleHole performing at Public Assembly NYC in April 2013Background informationOriginHollywood Los Angeles California U S GenresAlternative rockgrunge 1 punk rock 2 noise rock 3 DiscographyHole discographyYears active1989 1989 20022009 2012LabelsSympathy for the Record Industry Sub Pop Caroline City Slang DGC MercuryPast membersCourtney Love Eric Erlandson Mike Geisbrecht Lisa Roberts Caroline Rue Jill Emery Patty Schemel Leslie Hardy Kristen Pfaff Melissa Auf der Maur Samantha Maloney Micko Larkin Shawn Dailey Stu Fisher Scott LippsInfluenced by Los Angeles punk rock scene the band s debut album Pretty on the Inside 1991 was produced by Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth and attracted critical interest from British and American alternative press Their second album Live Through This released in 1994 by DGC Records combined elements of punk grunge and pop rock music 1 and was widely acclaimed reaching platinum status within a year of its release Their third album Celebrity Skin 1998 marked a notable departure from their earlier punk influences boasting a more commercially viable sound the album sold around 2 million copies worldwide and earned them significant critical acclaim They disbanded in 2002 and the members individually pursued other projects Eight years later in 2010 Hole was reformed by Love with new members despite Erlandson s claim that the reformation breached a mutual contract he had with her The reformed band released the album Nobody s Daughter 2010 which was conceived as Love s second solo album In 2013 Love retired the Hole name releasing new material and touring as a solo artist Hole received several accolades including four Grammy Award nominations They were also commercially successful selling over three million records in the United States alone and had a far reaching influence on contemporary female artists Music and feminist scholars have also recognized the band as the most high profile musical group of the 1990s to discuss gender issues in their songs due to Love s aggressive and violent lyrical content which often addressed themes of body image abuse and sexual exploitation Contents 1 Background 2 Career 2 1 1989 1991 Early work and indie success 2 2 1992 1999 Mainstream success 2 2 1 1992 1995 Live Through This 2 2 2 1996 1999 Celebrity Skin 2 3 1999 2002 Final tour and disbandment 2 4 2009 2013 Reformation 2 5 2014 2016 Second disbandment 2 6 2019 present Possible reformation and attempted reunions 3 Artistry 3 1 Composition 3 2 Lyrical content 3 3 Performances 4 Legacy 5 Materials loss 6 Members 7 Discography 8 Accolades 9 References 10 Sources 11 External linksBackground editIn Euripides Medea when she kills the bride and her own child she says There s a hole that pierces my soul And my mother s this kind of new age psychologist and I said You know I had this terrible childhood and she said Well you can t have a hole running through you all the time Courtney You know and then there s the genital reference go ahead and make it if you will Courtney Love on the origins of the name Hole 1995 5 Hole formed after Eric Erlandson responded to an advertisement placed by Courtney Love in The Recycler in the summer of 1989 The advertisement read I want to start a band My influences are Big Black Sonic Youth and Fleetwood Mac 6 Erlandson recalled of their first meeting We met at this coffee shop and I saw her and I thought Oh God Oh no What am I getting myself into She grabbed me and started talking and she s like I know you re the right one and I hadn t even opened my mouth yet 7 In retrospect Love said that Erlandson had a Thurston Moore quality about him and was an intensely weird good guitarist 6 In his 2012 book Letters to Kurt Erlandson revealed that he and Love had a sexual relationship during their first year together in the band 8 which Love also confirmed 9 Love had been living a nomadic life prior immersing herself in numerous music scenes and living in various cities along the West Coast 10 After unsuccessful attempts at forming bands in San Francisco where she was briefly a member of Faith No More 11 and Portland Love relocated to Los Angeles where she found work as an actress in two Alex Cox films Sid and Nancy and Straight to Hell 12 13 Erlandson a Los Angeles native and a graduate of Loyola Marymount University was working as an accountant for Capitol Records at the time he met Love 14 Love originally wanted to name the band Sweet Baby Crystal Powered by God but opted for the name Hole instead 15 During an interview on Later with Jools Holland she claimed the name for the band was partly inspired by a quote from Euripides Medea that read There is a hole that pierces right through me 16 She also cited a conversation with her mother as the primary inspiration for the band s name in which her mother told her that she couldn t live her life with a hole running through her 5 17 Love also acknowledged the obvious genital reference in the band s name alluding to the vagina 5 Career edit1989 1991 Early work and indie success edit nbsp Love and Erlandson performing with Hole c 1989 In the months preceding the band s full formation Love and Erlandson would write and record in the evenings at a rehearsal space in Hollywood loaned to them by the Red Hot Chili Peppers 18 during the day Love worked as a stripper to support the band and purchase amplifiers and their backline for live shows 19 Hole s first official rehearsal took place at Fortress Studios in Hollywood with Love Erlandson and Lisa Roberts on bass According to Erlandson these two girls show up dressed completely crazy we set up and they said okay just start playing something I started playing and they started screaming at the top of their lungs for two or three hours Crazy lyrics and screaming I said to myself most people would just run away from this really fast But I heard something in Courtney s voice and lyrics 20 Initially the band had no percussion until Love met drummer Caroline Rue 17 at a Gwar and L7 concert in Long Beach 21 The band subsequently recruited a third guitarist Mike Geisbrecht Hole s first show took place at Raji s a small bar in Hollywood in October 1989 22 By early 1990 Geisbrecht and Roberts had both left the band which led to the recruitment of bassist Jill Emery According to Caroline Rue Love fired Roberts after she threatened a Long Beach club owner the wife of mobster Eddie Nash with a screwdriver when the club refused to pay them for their performance 23 Hole released their no wave influenced debut single Retard Girl in April 1990 and followed it with Dicknail in 1991 released on Sympathy for the Record Industry and Sub Pop respectively According to disc jockey Rodney Bingenheimer Love would often approach him at a Denny s on Sunset Blvd where he went for coffee in the mornings and convinced him to give Retard Girl airtime on his station KROQ FM 24 In 1991 the band signed onto Caroline Records to release their debut album and Love sought Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth to produce the record 25 26 She sent a letter a Hello Kitty barrette and copies of the band s early singles to her mentioning that the band greatly admired Gordon s work and appreciated the production of the SST record 27 either referring to Sonic Youth s album Sister or EVOL Gordon impressed by the band s singles agreed to produce the album with assistance from Gumball s Don Fleming The album titled Pretty on the Inside was released in September 1991 to positive reception from underground critics branded loud ugly and deliberately shocking 28 and earned a spot on Spin s 20 Best Albums of the Year list 29 It was also voted album of the year by New York s Village Voice 30 and peaked at number 59 on the UK albums chart 31 The album spawned one single Teenage Whore which entered the UK Indie Chart at number one 32 as well as the band s debut music video for the song Garbadge Man Musically and lyrically Pretty on the Inside was abrasive and drew on elements of punk rock and sludge metal characterized by overt noise and feedback chaotic guitar riffs contrasting tempos graphic lyrics and a variation of Love s vocals ranging from whispers to guttural screaming 33 In later years Love referred to the album as unlistenable despite its critical accolades and eventual cult following 34 The band embarked on a European tour in the fall of 1991 supporting Mudhoney 35 36 They also toured intermittently in the United States between July and December 1991 playing primarily at hard rock and punk clubs including CBGB and the Whisky a Go Go where they opened for the Smashing Pumpkins 37 In a write up by the Los Angeles Times on the band s final show of the tour it was noted that Love smashed the headstock of her Rickenbacker guitar onstage 37 In mid 1991 the band began to get the attention of the major labels The first to court them was Maverick a Warner subsidiary founded by Madonna and music executive Freddy DeMann Love however was uninterested They would have me riding on elephants They don t know what I am For them I m a visual period 38 She was also uneasy about sharing the spotlight on a label so heavily associated with one of the industry s most iconic female performers In a 1992 interview with Vanity Fair Love described Madonna s interest as kind of like Dracula s interest in his latest victim 38 1992 1999 Mainstream success edit 1992 1995 Live Through This edit See also Live Through This Tour Love and Erlandson began writing new material for a second Hole album in 1992 in the midst of Love s pregnancy with Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain Love s desire to take the band in a more melodic and controlled rock format led bassist Emery to leave the band 39 and drummer Caroline Rue followed In an advertisement to find a new bass player Love wrote I want someone who can play ok and stand in front of 30 000 people take off her shirt and have fuck you written on her tits If you re not afraid of me and you re not afraid to fucking say it send a letter No more pussies no more fake girls I want a whore from hell 40 In April 1992 drummer Patty Schemel was recruited after an audition in Los Angeles but the band spent the remainder of the year without a bassist Love Schemel and Erlandson began to write material together in the interim 34 Hole signed to Geffen s subsidiary DGC label with an eight album contract in late 1992 In the spring of 1993 the band released their single Beautiful Son which was recorded in Seattle with producer Jack Endino as a fill in bass player Love also played bass on the single s b side 20 Years In the Dakota as well as on their contribution to the 1993 Germs tribute album A Small Circle of Friends 41 In the spring of 1993 Love and Erlandson recruited Janitor Joe bassist Kristen Pfaff 42 and the band toured the United Kingdom in the summer of that year including the Phoenix Festival on July 16 mainly performing material from their upcoming major label debut Live Through This which they recorded at Triclops Studios in Marietta Georgia in October 1993 nbsp Courtney Love performing with Hole at Big Day Out Melbourne January 22 1995 Live Through This was released on April 12 1994 one week after Love s husband Kurt Cobain was found dead in his Seattle home In the wake of Love s family tragedy Live Through This was a critical success It spawned several popular singles including Doll Parts Violet and Miss World going multi platinum and being hailed Album of the Year by Spin magazine 43 44 NME called the album a personal but secretive thrash pop opera of urban nihilism and passionate dumb thinks 45 and Rolling Stone said the album may be the most potent blast of female insurgency ever committed to tape 46 Despite the critical praise for Live Through This rumors circulated insinuating that Cobain had actually written the majority of the album though the band vehemently denies this 39 The band s drummer Patty Schemel who had been friends with Cobain since the late 1980s 34 said There s that myth that Kurt Cobain wrote all our songs it s not true Courtney and Eric wrote Live Through This 39 The band did however state that Love convinced Cobain to provide backing vocals on Asking for It and Softer Softest while visiting the studio and music producers and engineers present during the recording sessions noted that Cobain seemed completely unfamiliar with the songs 47 According to Rolling Stone rock journalist Gavin Edwards Love and Cobain had written songs together in the past but opted to not release them because it was a bit too redolent of John and Yoko 48 In 1994 bassist Kristen Pfaff went into a drug treatment facility to treat her heroin addiction Pfaff contemplated leaving the band for health reasons In June 1994 she was found dead of a heroin overdose in the bathroom of her Seattle home 2 months after the death of Cobain 49 The band put their impending tour on hold pulling out of the upcoming Lollapalooza festival Recruiting bassist Melissa Auf der Maur over the summer they commenced their world tour on August 26 at the Reading Festival in England giving a performance that John Peel described as teetering on the edge of chaos 50 The band embarked on a worldwide tour throughout late 1994 and for the duration of 1995 with appearances at the KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas Saturday Night Live the Big Day Out festival MTV Unplugged the 1995 Reading Festival Lollapalooza 1995 and at the MTV Video Music Awards where they were nominated for the Doll Parts music video 51 52 Love s reckless stage presence during the tour became a media spectacle drawing press from MTV and other outlets due to her unpredictable performances 53 While touring with Sonic Youth Love got into a physical fight with Kathleen Hanna backstage at a 1995 Lollapalooza festival and punched her in the face 54 55 In an August 1995 band interview with Rolling Stone drummer Patty Schemel formally came out as a lesbian saying It s important I m not out there with that fucking pink flag or anything but it s good for other people who live somewhere else in some small town who feel freaky about being gay to know that there s other people who are and that it s okay 7 In a retrospective interview Schemel said We had a really safe place in Hole Courtney was a force that would not allow any of us to be spoken down to or any of that kind of behavior in a space that we were in no matter where we were She was good at that I felt safe in my band to come out as a gay woman 56 Toward the end of the tour the band released their first EP titled Ask for It in September 1995 it featured 1991 Peel session recordings as well as covers of songs by Wipers and The Velvet Underground 57 The band performed its last show of the year on September 3 1995 at the Molson Polar Beach Party in Tuktoyaktuk Northwest Territories Canada The concert was a promotional event for the Molson Brewery and also featured performances by Metallica Veruca Salt and Moist 58 1996 1999 Celebrity Skin edit In 1996 the band recorded and released a cover of Fleetwood Mac s Gold Dust Woman for The Crow City of Angels 1996 soundtrack 59 the band s first studio song to feature Melissa Auf der Maur on bass and produced by Ric Ocasek Hole released two retrospective albums during this time firstly their second EP titled The First Session 1997 which consisted of a complete version of the band s first recording session at Rudy s Rising Star in Los Angeles in March 1990 some of which had been bootlegged widely years prior It featured the group s first ever recorded track Turpentine which had previously been unreleased to the public 60 The same year the band released their first compilation album My Body The Hand Grenade 1997 featuring early singles b sides and recent live tracks 60 61 Our band is a collective but Courtney has a lot of ideas and it s weird how they infiltrate our lives it just happens Like with the drowning theme there were all these things going on while we were making this album like Jeff Buckley drowning And years before bassist Kristen Pfaff died in a bathtub My father died basically drowning in his own body he couldn t breathe and Melissa s father died of lung cancer Those were literal things but drowning became a metaphor for this record and for all the people we had lost Eric Erlandson on writing Celebrity Skin 62 In 1997 the band entered Conway Recording Studios in Los Angeles after attempts to write new material in Miami New Orleans London and New York 63 Recorded over a ten month period Hole s third studio album Celebrity Skin 1998 adopted a complete new sound for the band incorporating elements of power pop and had Love drawing influences from Fleetwood Mac and My Bloody Valentine 63 According to Erlandson Love was more focused on song writing and singing than playing guitar on the record Love stated that her aim for the album was to deconstruct the California sound in the L A tradition of bands like The Doors The Beach Boys and The Byrds 63 In addition to Hole Smashing Pumpkins frontman Billy Corgan entered the studio and helped perfect five of the album s twelve songs 63 Love who felt she was in a creative slump likened Corgan s presence in the studio to a math teacher who wouldn t give you the answers but was making you solve the problems yourself 63 Upon the album s release Corgan told CNN that he should have been given credit for writing the entire album 64 Erlandson responded to Corgan s statements in a Rolling Stone interview commenting We were working on all the stuff that Courtney and I had already written Billy really facilitated things in a way I would bring in the music Courtney would start coming up with lyrics right away and Billy would help map it all out Erlandson also stated Courtney writes all her own lyrics Nobody else is writing those lyrics and nobody ever has 62 One journalist took note of the controversy when reviewing the album stating Back in 1994 the acclaim for Live Through This was undercut by whispers that Love s late husband wrote the album Combine those conspiracy theories with the unfounded but persistent rumor that Cobain was actually murdered and it is no surprise that in the song Celebrity Skin Love calls herself a walking study in demonology 64 Although Schemel is listed as drummer in the liner notes of the record her drumming does not actually appear on the record she was replaced by session drummer Deen Castronovo under pressure from producer Michael Beinhorn 65 After the replacement Schemel quit the band 65 66 Though Love and Erlandson had authorized Schemel s replacement both expressed regret in retrospect and Love stated in 2011 that Beinhorn was notorious for replacing drummers on records and referred to him as a Nazi 34 After Schemel s departure the band hired drummer Samantha Maloney for their upcoming tours and music videos 66 Celebrity Skin was a critical success with strong sales and successful singles including the title track Celebrity Skin Malibu and Awful The album received largely positive reviews with praise from music periodicals such as Rolling Stone NME and Blender 67 68 as well as a four star review from the Los Angeles Times 69 calling it a wild emotional ride sure to be one of the most dissected and debated collections of the year 69 The album peaked at number 9 on the Billboard 200 and garnered the band its first and only number 1 single Celebrity Skin which topped the Modern Rock Tracks 70 Malibu released December 29 1998 was the album s second single it charted at number 3 on the Modern Rock Tracks 71 1999 2002 Final tour and disbandment edit In the winter of 1998 99 Hole went on tour to promote Celebrity Skin joining Marilyn Manson who was promoting his album Mechanical Animals 1998 on the Beautiful Monsters Tour 72 The tour turned into a publicity magnet and Hole dropped out of the tour nine dates in due to both the majority of the fans being Manson s and the 50 50 financial arrangement between the groups with Hole s production costs being disproportionately less than Manson s 72 Manson and Love often mocked one another onstage and Love attacked Manson s stage antics which included tearing up a Bible during performances You know whenever somebody rips up the Bible in front of 40 000 people I think it s a big deal she said during a 1999 interview 24 Hole officially announced that they would be dropping out of the tour after a poorly received concert at the Rose Garden Arena in Portland Oregon which ended with Manson fans booing the band 73 The band continued to book shows and headline festivals after dropping off Manson s tour and according to Auf der Maur it was a daily event for Love to invite audience members onstage to sing with her for the last song at nearly every concert performance 74 On June 17 1999 during Hole s set at the Hultsfred Festival in Sweden a 19 year old girl died after being crushed by the mosh pit behind the mixing board 75 Hole played its final show at Thunderbird Stadium in Vancouver on July 14 1999 76 In October 1999 Auf der Maur quit Hole and went on to become a touring bassist for The Smashing Pumpkins 77 Samantha Maloney also quit a few months later 78 The band s final release was a single for the movie Any Given Sunday 1999 Be a Man released in March 2000 was an outtake from the Celebrity Skin sessions 79 In April 2002 Love called The Howard Stern Show and said she had written nine songs with songwriter Linda Perry but less than a month later Love and Erlandson officially disbanded Hole via a message posted on the band s website 78 80 After the split the four musicians each took on projects of their own Erlandson continued to work as a producer and session musician eventually forming the experimental group RRIICCEE with controversial artist Vincent Gallo 81 Love began a solo career releasing her debut America s Sweetheart in 2004 featuring several of the songs written with Perry 82 Melissa Auf der Maur also embarked on a solo career and released her self titled debut album in 2004 which included Erlandson performing lead guitar on the track Would If I Could 83 Her second album Out of Our Minds was released in March 2010 84 Hole s body of work from its inception to its first disbandment includes thirteen singles 85 three LPs 86 three EPs 85 and one compilation album 86 2009 2013 Reformation edit nbsp Love and Micko Larkin performing with Hole at SXSW in Austin Texas 2010 On June 17 2009 seven years after Hole s disbandment NME reported that Love was re forming the band with guitarist Micko Larkin for an upcoming album on which Melissa Auf der Maur would be providing backup vocals 87 Days later Melissa Auf der Maur stated in an interview that she was unaware of any reunion but said Love had asked her to contribute harmonies to an upcoming album 88 In response Eric Erlandson stated in an interview with Spin magazine that a reunion could not take place without his involvement citing that he and Love have a contract 89 Hole launched a new website and various social media pages on January 1 2010 and performed on Friday Night with Jonathan Ross in February On February 17 2010 they played a full set at the O2 Shepherd s Bush Empire with support from Little Fish On March 16 the first Hole single in ten years was released titled Skinny Little Bitch it peaked at No 29 on the Billboard Rock Chart and at No 21 on the Alternative Singles chart 90 The track also received airplay on Active rock and alternative radio 91 Nobody s Daughter was released on April 26 2010 worldwide on Mercury Records and was received moderately well by music critics 92 Rolling Stone gave the album three out of five stars but noted while Love was an absolute monster vocalist in the nineties the greatest era ever for rock singers She doesn t have that power in her lungs anymore barely a trace But at least she remembers and that means something in itself The magazine also referred to the album as not a true success but a noble effort 93 Love s voice which had become noticeably raspier was compared to the likes of Bob Dylan 94 NME gave the album a 6 10 rating and Robert Christgau rated it an A saying Thing is I can use some new punk rage in my life and unless you re a fan of Goldman Sachs and BP Petroleum so can you What s more better it come from a 45 year old woman who knows how to throw her weight around than from the zitty newbies and tattooed road dogs who churn most of it out these days I know for her BP Petroleum is just something else to pretend about But the emotion fueling her pretense is cathartic nevertheless 95 In support of the release Hole toured extensively between 2010 and 2012 throughout North America and Europe 96 as well as performing in Russia 97 and Brazil 98 On March 28 2011 Love Erlandson Patty Schemel and Auf der Maur appeared at the New York screening of Schemel s documentary Hit So Hard The Life and Near Death Story of Patty Schemel at the Museum of Modern Art 99 The appearance was the first time in thirteen years that all four members appeared together in public Schemel had expressed a desire to record with Love Erlandson and Auf der Maur stating nothing has been discussed but I have a feeling 99 After the screening the four took part in a Q amp A session where Love stated For me as much as I love playing with Patty and I would play with her in five seconds again and everyone onstage if it s not moving forward I don t wanna do it That s just my thing There s rumblings there s always bloody rumblings But if it s not miserable and it s going forward and I m happy with it that s all I have to say about that question 100 In May 2011 a music video for Samantha was shot in Istanbul although it remained officially unreleased 101 In September 2011 Scott Lipps joined the band replacing drummer Stu Fisher In April 2012 Love Erlandson Auf der Maur and Schemel reunited at the Public Assembly in New York for a two song set including Miss World and the Wipers Over the Edge at an after party for the Hit So Hard documentary 102 The performance marked the first time the four members performed together since 1998 after Schemel s departure and the 2002 breakup of the band 103 On December 29 2012 Love performed a solo acoustic set in New York City and in January 2013 performed at the Sundance Film Festival under her own name 104 She booked further performances across North America as a solo act with Larkin bassist Shawn Dailey and Lipps as her backing band 105 2014 2016 Second disbandment edit nbsp Melissa Auf der Maur Courtney Love and Patty Schemel at a screening of Hit So Hard 2012 at the Museum of Modern Art New York CityOn December 28 2013 Love posted two photos of herself with Erlandson on Facebook and Twitter with a caption reading And this just happened 2014 going to be a very interesting year 106 Love also tagged Melissa Auf der Maur as well as Hole s former manager Peter Mensch in the post alluding to a reconciliation with Erlandson and possible reunion in 2014 107 108 On April 2 2014 Rolling Stone reported that the Celebrity Skin line up of the band had reunited with Patty Schemel in lieu of Samantha Maloney 109 Rolling Stone erroneously reported Love s upcoming solo single Wedding Day to be a product of this reunion Shortly after Love curtailed her statement saying We may have made out but there is no talk of marriage It s very frail nothing might happen and now the band are all flipping out on me 110 On May 1 in an interview with Pitchfork Love discussed the possibility of a reunion and also stated it had been a mistake releasing Nobody s Daughter as a Hole record in 2010 Eric was right I kind of cheapened the name even though I m legally allowed to use it I should save Hole for the lineup everybody wants to see and had the balls to put Nobody s Daughter under my own name 111 112 113 Love further discussed the possibility of reuniting the band saying No one s been dormant Patty teaches drumming and drums in three indie bands Melissa has her metal nerd thing going on her dream is to play Castle Donington with Dokken Eric hasn t flipped I jammed with him he s still doing his Thurston Moore crazy tunings still corresponding with Kevin Shields We all get along great There are bands who reunite and hate each others guts 111 2019 present Possible reformation and attempted reunions edit In October 2019 Hole rehearsed at the Hollywood Walk of Fame in Los Angeles Nothing transpired after the event since Love had relocated to the United Kingdom afterwards 114 115 In March 2020 Love and Auf Der Maur planned a performance at the Bans Off My Body event which was eventually canceled due to the COVID 19 pandemic 116 Artistry editComposition edit Initially Hole drew inspiration from no wave and experimental bands which is evident in their earliest recordings specifically Retard Girl but frontwoman Love also drew from a variety of influences Love cited post punk group Echo amp the Bunnymen 117 and classic rock such as Neil Young 17 and Fleetwood Mac 118 The band s first album Pretty on the Inside was heavily influenced by noise and punk rock using discordant melodies distortion and feedback with Love s vocals ranging from whispers to guttural screams 86 Love described the band s earliest songwriting as being based on really crazy Sonic Youth tunings 119 Nonetheless Love claimed to have aimed for a pop sound early on There s a part of me that wants to have a grindcore band and another that wants to have a Raspberries type pop band 17 she told Flipside magazine in 1991 Both Love and Erlandson were fans of the notorious LA punk band the Germs 120 In a 1996 interview for a Germs tribute documentary Erlandson said I think every band is based on one song and our band was based on Forming Courtney brought it into rehearsal and she knew like three chords and it was the only punk rock song we could play 121 The band s second album Live Through This captured a less abrasive sound while maintaining the group s original punk roots I want this record to be shocking to the people who don t think we have a soft edge and at the same time to know that we haven t lost our very very hard edge 122 Love told VH1 in 1994 The group s third album Celebrity Skin incorporated power pop into their hard rock sound and was heavily inspired by California bands Love was also influenced by Fleetwood Mac and My Bloody Valentine while writing the album 63 123 The group s 2010 release Nobody s Daughter featured a more folk rock oriented sound utilizing acoustic guitar and softer melodies 124 The group s chord progressions by and large drew on elements of punk music 125 which Love described as grungey although not necessarily grunge 126 Critics described their song style as deceptively wispy and strummy 125 combined with gunshot guitar choruses 46 Although the group s sound changed over the course of their career the dynamic between beauty and ugliness has often been noted particularly due to the layering of harsh and abrasive riffs which often bury more sophisticated arrangements 127 Lyrical content edit In a 1991 interview Love stated that lyrics were the most important element of songwriting for her 17 Her lyrics explored a variety of themes throughout Hole s career including body image rape child abuse addiction celebrity suicide elitism and inferiority complex all of which were addressed mainly from a female and often feminist standpoint 128 This underlying feminism in Love s lyrics often led the public and critics to mistakenly associate her with the riot grrrl movement of which Love was highly critical 129 130 131 In a 1991 interview with Everett True Love said I try to place beautiful imagery next to fucked up imagery because that s how I view things I sometimes feel that no one s taken the time to write about certain things in rock that there s a certain female point of view that s never been given space 132 Charles Cross has referred to her lyrics on Live Through This as being true extensions of her diary 39 and she has admitted that a great deal of the lyrics from Pretty on the Inside were excisions from her journals 119 Throughout Hole s career Love s lyrics were often influenced by literature The title of the band s second album Live Through This for example as well as lyrics from the track Asking for It is directly drawn from Gone With the Wind 133 and the group s single Celebrity Skin the title track to their 1998 album contains quotes from Shakespeare s The Merchant of Venice 134 and Dante Rossetti s poem A Superscription 135 Love had had a minor background in literature having briefly studied English literature in her early twenties 136 Performances edit Throughout the duration of the 1990s the band received widespread media coverage due to Love s often rambunctious and unpredictable behavior onstage 137 The band often destroyed equipment and guitars at the end of concerts 37 and Love would ramble between songs bring fans onstage and stage dive sometimes returning with her clothes torn off of her or sustaining injuries 138 In a 1995 New York magazine article journalist John Homans addressed Love s frequent stage diving during Hole s concerts The most shocking frightening and fascinating image in rock in the last few years is Courtney Love s stage dive When some male performers do it it looks like muscular frat boy fun controlled aggression For obvious reasons the practice was strictly no girls allowed but Love typically decided that she wanted to do it too Groped ravaged she compared the experience to being raped wrote a song about it and now does it just about every show 139 Nina Gordon of Veruca Salt who toured with Hole in 1995 recalled Love s erratic behavior onstage saying She would just go off and the rest of the band would just kind of stand there 34 The majority of Love s chaotic behavior onstage was a result of heavy drug use at the time which she admitted I was completely high on dope I cannot remember much about it 34 She later criticized her behavior during that time saying I saw pictures of how I looked It s disgusting I m ashamed There s death and there s disease and there s misery and there s giving up your soul The human spirit mixed with certain powders is not the person it s a demonic presence 140 Love s stage attire also garnered notoriety influenced in part by Carroll Baker s wardrobe in the film Baby Doll 1956 141 The style was later dubbed kinderwhore by the media and consisted of babydoll dresses slips and nightgowns and smeared makeup 142 143 Kurt Loder likened her onstage attire to a debauched ragdoll 144 and John Peel noted in his review of the band s 1994 Reading Festival performance that Love swaying wildly and with lipstick smeared on her face hands and I think her back as well as on the collar of her dress would have drawn whistles of astonishment in Bedlam The band teetered on the edge of chaos generating a tension which I cannot remember having felt before from any stage 50 Rolling Stone referred to the style as a slightly more politically charged version of grunge apathy turned into ruinous angst which soon became high fashion s favorite pose 145 The band s set lists for live shows were often loose featuring improvisational jams and rough performances of unreleased songs By 1998 their live performances had become less aggressive and more restrained although Love continued to bring fans onstage and would often go into the crowd while singing 74 Legacy editHole was one of the most commercially successful female fronted alternative rock bands in history selling over 3 million records in the United States between 1991 and 2010 96 146 4 In spite of Love s often polarizing reputation in the media Hole received consistent critical praise for their output and was often noted for the predominant feminist commentary found in Love s lyrics which scholars have credited as articulating a third wave feminist consciousness 147 Love s subversive onstage persona and public image coincided with the band s songs which expressed pain sorrow and anger but an underlying message of survival particularly survival in the face of overwhelming circumstances 148 Music journalist Maria Raha expressed a similar sentiment in regard to the band s significance to third wave feminism stating Whether you love Courtney Love or hate her Hole was the highest profile female fronted band of the 90s to openly and directly sing about feminism 149 While Rolling Stone compared the effect of Love s marriage to Cobain on the band to that of John Lennon and Yoko Ono they noted that Love s confrontational stage presence as well as her gut wrenching vocals and powerful punk pop songcraft made her an alternative rock star in her own right 150 Author Nick Wise made a similar comparison in discussion of the band s public image stating Not since Yoko Ono s marriage to John Lennon has a woman s personal life and exploits within the rock arena been so analyzed and dissected 151 The band has been cited as a major influence on several contemporary artists including indie singer songwriter Scout Niblett 152 Brody Dalle of The Distillers and Spinnerette 153 Sky Ferreira 154 Lana Del Rey 155 Tove Lo 156 Tegan and Sara 157 Annie Hardy of Giant Drag 158 Victoria Legrand of Beach House 159 and the British rock band Nine Black Alps 160 The band ranked at number 77 on VH1 s 100 Greatest Hard Rock Artists list 161 Materials loss editIn 2008 a fire swept through Universal Studios Hollywood destroying buildings belonging to Universal Music Group News reports said that many artists including Hole had lost recordings in the fire Love and the band were one of the artists suing UMG for the loss however on August 16 2019 the band was removed from that lawsuit as it was amended based on UMG s representations that none of Hole s original masters were destroyed subject to confirmation 162 failed verification 163 Members editCourtney Love lead vocals rhythm guitar 1989 2002 2010 2012 Eric Erlandson lead guitar 1989 2002 2012 Mike Geisbrecht rhythm guitar 1989 1990 Lisa Roberts bass 1989 1990 Caroline Rue drums 1989 1992 Jill Emery bass 1990 1992 Patty Schemel drums 1992 1998 2012 Leslie Hardy bass backing vocals 1992 1993 Kristen Pfaff bass backing vocals 1993 1994 died 1994 Melissa Auf der Maur bass backing vocals 1994 1999 2012 Samantha Maloney drums 1998 2000 Micko Larkin lead guitar 2010 2012 Shawn Dailey bass 2010 2012 Stu Fisher drums 2010 2011 Scott Lipps drums 2011 2012 TimelineDiscography editMain article Hole discography Pretty on the Inside 1991 Live Through This 1994 Celebrity Skin 1998 Nobody s Daughter 2010 Accolades editAward Year Category Nominated work s Result Ref Grammy Awards 1999 Best Rock Album Celebrity Skin Nominated 164 Best Rock Song Celebrity Skin NominatedBest Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group Nominated2000 Malibu Nominated 165 MTV Video Music Awards 1995 Best Alternative Video Doll Parts Nominated 166 1999 Best Cinematography Malibu Nominated 167 NME Awards 1999 Best Band Hole Nominated 168 Best Album Celebrity Skin NominatedBest Single Celebrity Skin NominatedSpin Readers Poll Awards 1994 Album of the Year Live Through This Won 169 References edit a b Kallen 2012 p 78 Hogg 2001 p 42 Anderson 2007 p 213 a b Carson Lewis amp Shaw 2004 pp 89 90 a b c Love Courtney 1995 Courtney Love and Hole Later with Jools Holland London United Kingdom Archived from the original on October 31 2013 a b Brite 1998 p 100 a b Cohen Jason August 24 1995 Hole Life in a Band with Courtney Love Rock s Wildest Diva Rolling Stone p 66 Archived from the original on November 14 2015 re published in The 90s The Inside Stories from the Decade That Rocked by Rolling Stone LLC Erlandson 2012 p 7 My girlfriend and bandmate at the time Courtney Love and I were introduced to him in the parking lot after a Butthole Surfers show at the Hollywood Palladium We had kept our relationship a secret Courtney did not want our band to lose its sex appeal She believed that couple bands were too unavailable The fact was for more than a year we had shared a deep and powerful if codependent bond Shapiro Dave March 8 2012 Courtney Love Is Not Gonna Be Happy About New Cobain Book Fuse Archived from the original on March 11 2012 Retrieved September 13 2012 I wish Eric well Even more than Dave Grohl and Krist Novoselic Eric was family I just hope he didn t write that we dated We had sex yes but I don t date Marks 1995 pp 47 48 79 Behind the Music 2010 event occurs at 16 07 Courtney Love Force of Nature BBC News Worldwide February 4 2003 Archived from the original on March 6 2016 It Came From Kuchar The A V Club June 15 2010 Archived from the original on November 4 2013 Mason Darryl 1995 Hole A New Lease of Life The West Australian January Brite 1998 p 101 France Kim June 3 1996 Feminism Amplified New York K III Magazine Corporation 41 Retrieved October 11 2016 via Google Books nbsp a b c d e Al amp Gus September 1990 Hole Flipside Los Angeles California 68 Scans available here Archived March 13 2017 at the Wayback Machine Love Courtney May 30 2013 Interview with Anthony Cumia and Greg Hughes The Opie amp Anthony Show Interview Interviewed by Anthony Cumia Greg Hughes New York City Without insulting one of my oldest friends who let me use his rehearsal space before I even had a band therefore I wouldn t even be here without Flea The First Time With Courtney Love BBC Radio 6 October 12 2014 Archived from the original on October 17 2014 Retrieved October 15 2014 Erlandson Eric 1999 Skin Tight Guitar World January 1999 Rue 2022 17 04 Calendar of Events Raji s LA Weekly October 12 1989 p 112 via Newspapers com Rue 2022 23 08 a b Courtney Love The E True Hollywood Story October 5 2003 E Cracked George April 2002 The Noise Rock F A Q Monochrom Cracked Webzine Archived from the original on December 8 2010 Retrieved February 1 2011 Pretty on the Inside CD Universe Retrieved June 30 2010 Love 2006 p 116 Q Review Pretty on the Inside by Hole 1991 10 p 138 Spencer Lauren December 17 1991 20 Best Albums of the Year Spin p 122 Strong amp Peel 2002 p 696 Hole The Official Charts Company Archived from the original on June 15 2011 Retrieved December 15 2010 Indie Charts September 28 1991 The ITV Chart Show September 28 1991 Channel 4 Archived from the original on November 22 2015 Loder Kurt March 21 2004 Courtney Love Grievous Angel The Interview With Kurt Loder MTV Archived from the original on June 4 2011 Retrieved October 7 2013 a b c d e f Cooper Leonie March 24 2011 10 Things We Learn About Kurt Cobain And Courtney Love From Hit So Hard NME Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved March 27 2011 Brite 1998 p 115 Crawford 2014 p 37 a b c Cromelin Richard December 19 1991 Pop Music Review Pumpkins Hole Unleash Frustrations Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on November 8 2012 Retrieved September 15 2011 a b Hirschberg Lynn September 1 1992 Strange Love Vanity Fair Retrieved December 22 2017 a b c d Courtney Love Behind the Music June 21 2010 Vh1 Archived from the original on August 15 2013 Meltzer 2010 p 47 A Small Circle of Friends A Germs Tribute Various Artists Allmusic Archived from the original on December 17 2012 Retrieved September 27 2013 Janitor Joe AllMusic Archived from the original on June 22 2012 Retrieved October 29 2013 Live Through This Tower Records Archived from the original on June 4 2011 Retrieved April 23 2011 Live Through This review NME 22 December 24 1994 Ranked No 12 in NME s list of the Top 50 Albums Of 1994 Live Through This Review NME 40 April 9 1994 a b Fricke David April 21 1994 Live Through This Rolling Stone p 191 Archived from the original on September 8 2015 Edwards 2006 p 88 Edwards 2006 p 87 Murakami Kery July 12 1994 Hole Bassist Died Of Drug Overdose The Seattle Times Archived from the original on December 28 2013 Retrieved December 28 2013 a b Peel John August 30 1994 Hole at Reading The Guardian 1995 MTV Video Music Awards MTV Archived from the original on May 10 2016 Retrieved July 12 2011 Masley Ed 10 Most Memorable Moments of the MTV Music Video Awards The Arizona Republic Retrieved July 11 2011 Snow Shauna August 2 1995 Hole Performance Disrupted Los Angeles Times Retrieved April 11 2011 Brite 1998 p 210 Bowie Chas January 9 2006 Raising America s Sweetheart An Interview with Courtney Love s Mother Portland Mercury Archived from the original on February 4 2012 Retrieved April 21 2011 Schemel Patty November 15 2017 Episode 4 Patty Schemel Hole on Making Zines with Kurt and Courtney I m In The Band Interview Interviewed by Allison Wolfe and Jonathan Shifflett Hole Ask For It Stereo Review Popular Music CBS Magazines 61 108 Nicholls William 1995 Molson rocks Canada s Arctic The Nation Vol 13 no 6 Tuktoyuktuk NWT Archived from the original on March 28 2017 Thompson 2000 p 418 a b My Body the Hand Grenade CD Hole City Slang 1997 EFA 04995 2 a href Template Cite AV media notes html title Template Cite AV media notes cite AV media notes a CS1 maint others in cite AV media notes link Love Courtney June 14 1997 Hole Lotta Love Melody Maker Holborn Publishing Group IPC Magazines Ltd 74 24 7 ISSN 0025 9012 ProQuest 1103607 a b Schwartz Jennifer October 8 1998 Hole s Eric Erlandson Sheds His Celebrity Skin Rolling Stone Archived from the original on February 3 2013 Retrieved July 22 2011 a b c d e f The Interview CD Hole Geffen 1998 PRO CD 1232 a href Template Cite AV media notes html title Template Cite AV media notes cite AV media notes a CS1 maint others in cite AV media notes link a b Brandes Wendy September 4 1998 Hole flaunts survival with polished Celebrity Skin CNN Archived from the original on December 2 2002 a b Zulaica Don August 5 2005 Lived Through That Patty Schemel DRUM Archived from the original on September 15 2010 a b Hit So Hard 2011 Documentary Well Go USA DVD Hole Celebrity Skin Album Reviews NME August 4 1998 Archived from the original on June 6 2011 Retrieved July 20 2011 Hunter Tim September 1 1998 Celebrity Skin by Hole Rolling Stone Archived from the original on April 26 2016 Retrieved July 20 2011 a b Hilburn Robert September 6 1998 Love Adds Glow To Skin Los Angeles Times Retrieved May 20 2011 Celebrity Skin Hole Billboard Archived from the original on April 12 2010 Retrieved April 27 2012 Malibu Hole Billboard Archived from the original on April 12 2010 Retrieved July 3 2012 a b Hole Walks Out On Tour Manson Injury Postpones Several Dates MTV News March 15 1999 Archived from the original on December 20 2014 Ryan Joal March 9 1999 Courtney Love Lost in Portland E Online Archived from the original on July 29 2012 Retrieved July 22 2011 a b Courtney Love in Crowd Onstage National Geographic Music On Photography Archived from the original on December 29 2011 Loss of Life Fails to Halt Festival Billboard Vol 112 no 29 July 15 2000 p 109 ISSN 0006 2510 via Google Books nbsp Cobain was working on new music UPI April 18 2012 Archived from the original on March 12 2017 Retrieved March 9 2017 Peck Jamie September 12 2014 Melissa Auf der Maur I ve always turned a blind eye to cynicism The Guardian Archived from the original on March 11 2017 Retrieved March 10 2017 a b Saraceno Christina May 24 2002 Hole Call It Quits Rolling Stone Archived from the original on December 9 2015 Retrieved December 26 2016 Van Horn Teri December 4 1999 Radio Rock Slow to Embrace Hole s Be a Man MTV Archived from the original on February 2 2017 Retrieved January 22 2017 Hole at AllMusic com AllMusic Archived from the original on December 25 2011 Retrieved March 15 2010 Fagan Mark November 30 2007 Man of a Thousand Faces Vincent Gallo The Austin Chronicle Retrieved December 28 2017 Phillips Amy February 23 2004 A big juicy fuckup for hissyfit having little girls who hate being little girls The Village Voice Archived from the original on March 7 2004 Retrieved November 9 2015 Auf der Maur Melissa 2004 Auf der Maur CD Erlandson Eric Iha James Capitol Records p 2 7243 5 78941 2 8 Out of Our Minds by Melissa Auf der Maur AllMusic Retrieved February 5 2018 a b Hole Album Discography Singles AllMusic Archived from the original on February 6 2018 Retrieved February 5 2018 a b c Bogdanov Woodstra amp Erlewine 2002 p 532 13 things we learn in this week s NME NME June 17 2009 Archived from the original on December 1 2017 Michaels Sean June 23 2009 Courtney Love s Hole reunion questioned by former bassist The Guardian Archived from the original on January 22 2018 Peisner David July 9 2009 Q amp A Hole s Eric Erlandson Spin Archived from the original on October 11 2012 Data for Week of April 23 2010 Billboard Vol 122 no 13 April 3 2010 p 44 ISSN 0006 2510 via Google Books nbsp Petridis Alexis March 25 2010 Courtney Love Sometimes I m a little bit weird but never unpopular The Guardian Archived from the original on July 2 2016 Wappler Margaret April 27 2010 Album review Hole s Nobody s Daughter Los Angeles Times Pop amp Hiss Archived from the original on May 1 2010 Retrieved May 20 2010 Sheffield Rob April 26 2010 Nobody s Daughter Rolling Stone Archived from the original on July 4 2010 Retrieved July 11 2011 Petrusich Amanda April 27 2010 Nobody s Daughter Pitchfork Archived from the original on January 11 2015 Retrieved July 11 2011 Robert Christgau CG Hole Robert Christgau Archived from the original on July 1 2013 Retrieved July 11 2011 a b Harding Cortney April 2 2010 Courtney Love Fixing a Hole Billboard Archived from the original on June 22 2014 Retrieved October 21 2013 Courtney Love Goes for a Picnic The Moscow Times July 22 2011 Retrieved February 5 2018 Courtney Love storm off Brazilian stage over Kurt Cobain photo New York Post November 14 2011 Retrieved February 5 2018 a b Hole Reunites For Drummer Patty Schemel s Documentary Premiere Billboard March 28 2011 Archived from the original on May 24 2013 Retrieved March 29 2011 Love Courtney Extracts from a questions and answers session at the screening of Hit So Hard The Life and Near Death Story of Patty Schemel at the Museum of Modern Art in New York March 28 2011 Rubenstein Jenna Halley September 20 2011 New Video Hole Samantha MTV Archived from the original on October 15 2013 Retrieved October 12 2013 Johnston Maura April 14 2012 So The Mid 90s Lineup of Hole Including Courtney Love Reunited At Public Assembly Last Night The Village Voice Archived from the original on December 22 2012 Grow Kory April 2 2014 Courtney Love to Reunite Hole s Celebrity Skin Lineup Again Rolling Stone Archived from the original on April 2 2014 Retrieved February 5 2018 Marikar Sheila January 25 2013 In a Cloud of Crazy Courtney Love Rocks On ABC Archived from the original on May 7 2016 Retrieved March 1 2017 Courtney Love puts ad on Craigslist for new bassist and gets just one response NME May 29 2013 Archived from the original on November 6 2013 Locker Melissa December 30 2013 Courtney Love Drops Hints That A Hole Reunion Might Be Coming In 2014 Time Archived from the original on January 2 2014 Retrieved January 1 2014 Anderson Stacy December 30 2013 Is Courtney Love Reuniting Hole Rolling Stone Archived from the original on January 2 2014 Retrieved January 2 2014 Martins Chris December 30 2013 Courtney Love Teases 2014 Hole Reunion Promises Interesting Year Spin Archived from the original on December 31 2013 Grow Kory April 2 2014 Courtney Love to Reunite Hole s Celebrity Skin Lineup Again Rolling Stone Archived from the original on April 4 2014 Retrieved April 2 2014 McCormick Neil Courtney Love 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Feigenbaum 2007 p 135 True Everett June 15 1991 Hole in Sidelines Melody Maker p 8 Yapp Will director Love Courtney subject 2006 The Return of Courtney Love More4 Hole Celebrity Skin Spin Reviews 14 10 136 October 1998 ISSN 0886 3032 via Google Books nbsp Latham 2003 p 2 Kennedy Dana August 12 1994 Courtney Love Comes Out of Hiding Entertainment Weekly Archived from the original on July 9 2016 Smith Ethan July 28 1995 Courtney Love causes trouble at Lollapolooza Entertainment Weekly Archived from the original on September 24 2015 Retrieved September 25 2015 Walters Barbara August 1995 Interview with Barbara Walters The Barbara Walters Special Interview Interviewed by Courtney Love ABC Homans John February 20 1995 Love Trouble New York 28 2 64 65 via Google Books nbsp Weiss Phillip October 1998 The Love Issue Spin 90 100 Brite 1998 p 110 Klaffke 2003 p 116 Baltin Steve January 22 2010 Courtney Love Is Learning to Rein In the Courtney Monster Spinner Archived from the original on 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Ferreira for Interview Magazine Interview Interview Interviewed by Diehl Matt ISSN 0149 8932 Retrieved January 22 2018 Britton Luke Morgan April 18 2017 Lana Del Rey and Courtney Love talk about their love of each other s music NME Retrieved January 23 2018 Moss Rebecca April 30 2014 Why Swedes Make the Best Breakup Music Elle Archived from the original on March 30 2015 Retrieved June 5 2015 Nostro Lauren January 29 2013 Tegan and Sara s 25 Favorite Albums Complex Archived from the original on March 26 2016 Retrieved March 16 2016 The Sounds That Shaped Me Annie Hardy The Bear Writes Words Archived from the original on October 9 2022 Retrieved October 9 2022 Kemp Sam May 1 2022 Beach House s Victoria Legrand discusses the brilliance of Courtney Love Far Out Archived from the original on November 30 2022 May Dom Gourlay May 2 2014 We don t really fit in anywhere DiS meets Nine Black Alps Drowned in Sound Archived from the original on January 22 2018 Retrieved January 23 2018 The 100 Greatest Hard Rock Artists Rock On the Net VH1 Archived from the original on November 22 2016 Rosen Jody June 25 2019 Here Are Hundreds More Artists Whose Tapes Were Destroyed in the UMG Fire The New York Times Retrieved June 28 2019 Hole Removed from Lawsuit Against Universal Music Over 2008 Fire Rolling Stone August 20 2019 1999 Grammy Nominees NME November 27 1998 Archived from the original on October 11 2012 42nd Annual Grammy Awards List of nominations CNN January 4 2000 Archived from the original on August 10 2011 Retrieved August 9 2015 N B The categories are listed on page 1 and the artist on page 2 MTV Video Music Awards 1995 MTV Archived from the original on May 10 2016 Retrieved August 9 2015 N B User must select Winners tab Errico Marcus July 28 1999 Korn Reaps MTV Noms E Online Archived from the original on May 22 2017 Rocklist net NME End Of Year Lists 1998 Rocklistmusic co uk Retrieved September 11 2020 SPIN SPIN Media LLC December 17 1994 p 76 via Google Books Sources editAnderson Kyle 2007 Accidental Revolution The Story of Grunge New York City New York St Martin s Griffin ISBN 978 1 466 83860 4 Courtney Love Behind the Music Viacom Media Networks June 21 2010 VH1 Rue Carolyn December 22 2022 Carolyn Rue Interviewed Interview Interviewed by Mikayla Beyer Retrieved December 30 2022 via YouTube Bogdanov Vladimir Woodstra Chris Erlewine Stephen Thomas 2002 All Music Guide to Rock The Definitive Guide to Rock Pop and Soul San Francisco California Backbeat Books ISBN 978 0 879 30653 3 Brite Poppy Z 1998 Courtney Love The Real Story New York City New York Simon amp Schuster ISBN 978 0 684 84506 7 Burns Lori Lafrance Melisse 2002 Disruptive Divas Feminism Identity amp Popular Music New York City New York Taylor amp Francis Routledge ISBN 978 0 8153 3554 2 Carson Mina Julia Lewis Lisa Shaw Susan M eds 2004 Girls Rock Fifty Years of Women Making Music Lexington Kentucky The University Press of Kentucky ISBN 978 0 8131 2310 3 Crawford Anwen 2014 Hole s Live Through This 33 1 3 New York City New York Bloomsbury USA ISBN 978 1 623 56377 6 OCLC 883749105 Diehl Matt 2007 My So Called Punk New York City New York St Martin s Griffin ISBN 978 0 312 33781 0 Edwards Gavin 2006 Is Tiny Dancer Really Elton s Little John Music s Most Enduring Mysteries Myths and Rumors Revealed New York City New York Three Rivers Press ISBN 978 0 307 34603 2 Erlandson Eric 2012 Letters to Kurt New York City New York Akashic Books ISBN 978 1 61775 083 0 Gaar Gillian G 2002 She s a Rebel The History of Women in Rock amp Roll New York City New York Seal Press ISBN 978 1 58005 078 4 Feigenbaum Anna November 2 2007 Tasker Yvonne Negra Diane eds Interrogating Postfeminism Gender and the Politics of Popular Culture Console ing Passions Durham North Carolina Duke University Press p 135 ISBN 978 0 8223 4032 4 Hogg Karen 2001 Guitar Styles Women in Rock The Guitarist s Guide to Music of the Masters Book amp CD Los Angeles California Alfred Music Publishing ISBN 978 0 739 02016 6 Hole Celebrity Skin songbook New York City Milwaukee Wisconsin Cherry Lane Music 1999 ISBN 978 1 57560 137 3 Kallen Stuart A 2012 The History of Alternative Rock New York City New York Greenhaven Publishing ISBN 978 1 420 50972 4 Klaffke Pamela 2003 Spree A Cultural History of Shopping Vancouver British Columbia Arsenal Pulp Press ISBN 978 1 55152 143 5 Lankford Ronald D Jr 2009 Women Singer Songwriters in Rock A Populist Rebellion in the 1990s Lanham Maryland Scarecrow Press ISBN 978 0 8108 7268 4 Latham David 2003 Haunted Texts Studies in Pre Raphaelitism in Honour of William E Fredeman Toronto Ontario University of Toronto Press ISBN 978 0 8020 3662 9 Love Courtney 2006 Dirty Blonde The Diaries of Courtney Love New York City New York Faber amp Faber ISBN 978 0 86547 959 3 Marks Craig February 1995 Endless Love Spin 10 11 42 52 ISSN 0886 3032 Meltzer Marisa 2010 Girl Power The Nineties Revolution in Music New York City New York Faber amp Faber ISBN 978 0 86547 979 1 Schippers Mimi A 2002 Rockin Out of the Box Gender Maneuvering in Alternative Hard Rock Rutgers New Jersey Rutgers University Press ISBN 978 0 8135 3075 8 Strong Catherine 2011 Grunge Music and Memory Burlington Vermont Ashgate ISBN 978 1 4094 2376 8 Strong Martin Charles Peel John 2002 The Great Rock Discography New York City New York Canongate Books ISBN 978 1 841 95615 2 Thompson Dave 2000 Alternative Rock New York City New York Backbeat Books ISBN 978 0 87930 607 6 External links editHole at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Media from Commons nbsp Data from Wikidata Hole discography at Discogs nbsp Hole at Curlie Hole s channel on YouTube Hole at Billboard Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hole band amp oldid 1205049508, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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