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Election commission

April 10, 2024

This article is about bodies which oversee elections. For bodies which elect people to particular offices, see Electoral college.

An election commission is a body charged with overseeing the implementation of electioneering process of any country. The formal names of election commissions vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and may be styled an electoral commission,[1] a central[2] or state election commission,[3] or an election board,[4] an electoral council[5] or an electoral court.[6] Election commissions can be independent, mixed, judicial or executive. They may also be responsible for electoral boundary delimitation. In federations there may be a separate body for each subnational government. An election commission has a duty to ensure elections are conducted in an orderly manner[according to whom?].

Electoral models edit

Independent model edit

In the independent model the election commission is independent of the executive and manages its own budget. Countries with an independent election commission include Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, India, Jordan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, South Africa, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Thailand and the United Kingdom. In some of these countries the independence of the election commission is constitutionally guaranteed e.g. section 190 of the Constitution of South Africa.

Branch model edit

In the branch model the election commission is often called an electoral branch, and is usually a constitutionally-recognized separate branch of government, with its members appointed by either the executive or the legislative branch. Countries with an electoral branch include Bolivia, Costa Rica, Panama, Nicaragua and Venezuela.

Mixed model edit

In the mixed-model there is an independent board to determine policy, but implementation is usually a matter for an executive department with varying degrees of supervision by the independent board. Countries with such a model include Cameroon, France, Germany, Japan, Senegal and Spain.

Executive model edit

In the executive model the election commission is directed by a cabinet minister as part of the executive branch of government, and may include local government authorities acting as agents of the central body. Countries with this model include Denmark, Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia.

In the United States, elections for federal, state, and local offices are run by the executive branch of each state government.[7]

Judicial model edit

In the judicial model the election commission is closely supervised by and ultimately responsible to a special "electoral court". Countries with such a model include Argentina, Brazil and Mexico.

List of election commissions edit

Election commissions in Africa edit

As of 2021, 53 out of 55 African nations (save for Eritrea and Somalia, which do not hold elections) use or have used election commissions to organize and supervise their elections. First introduced in the Sudan in 1957, election commissions were created across the continent especially after many African nations introduced a system of multi-party democracy in the early 1990s.[17]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Australian Electoral Commission". Retrieved December 15, 2018.
  2. ^ Alvarez-Rivera, Manuel. "Elections to the Latvian Saeima (Parliament)". Election Resources on the Internet. Retrieved December 15, 2018.
  3. ^ a b "Home". SC Votes - South Carolina Election Commission. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  4. ^ a b "Oklahoma State Election Board". Retrieved December 15, 2018.
  5. ^ a b "YSK Web Portal". www.ysk.gov.tr. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  6. ^ a b . Archived from the original on November 16, 2020. Retrieved December 15, 2018.
  7. ^ "About Us". Florida Division of Elections. Florida Department of State. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
  8. ^ "Electoral Commission of Malta Welcome to the portal of the Electoral Commission of Malta". electoral.gov.mt. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  9. ^ "Report of Central Election Committee in DPRK Issued". dprktoday.com. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  10. ^ "State of Hawaii Office of Elections". Elections Commission. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
  11. ^ . Illinois State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on 2019-06-21. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
  12. ^ "Maryland State Board of Elections". elections.maryland.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  13. ^ "Board of Elections". New York State Board of Elections. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
  14. ^ "Home Page | NCSBE". North Carolina State Board of Elections. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  15. ^ "Virginia Department of Elections - Home". www.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  16. ^ "Wisconsin Elections Commission". elections.wi.gov. 2022-04-04. Retrieved 2023-12-07.
  17. ^ Marzin, Régis (2021). Les commissions électorales et le retour du multipartisme entre 1990 et 1994 en Afrique, Historique des commissions électorales de 1957 à 2021 (in French).

External links edit

  • Association of European Election Officials

April 10, 2024
election, commission, this, article, about, bodies, which, oversee, elections, bodies, which, elect, people, particular, offices, electoral, college, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citat. This article is about bodies which oversee elections For bodies which elect people to particular offices see Electoral college This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Election commission news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message An election commission is a body charged with overseeing the implementation of electioneering process of any country The formal names of election commissions vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and may be styled an electoral commission 1 a central 2 or state election commission 3 or an election board 4 an electoral council 5 or an electoral court 6 Election commissions can be independent mixed judicial or executive They may also be responsible for electoral boundary delimitation In federations there may be a separate body for each subnational government An election commission has a duty to ensure elections are conducted in an orderly manner according to whom Contents 1 Electoral models 1 1 Independent model 1 2 Branch model 1 3 Mixed model 1 4 Executive model 1 5 Judicial model 2 List of election commissions 3 Election commissions in Africa 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksElectoral models editIndependent model edit In the independent model the election commission is independent of the executive and manages its own budget Countries with an independent election commission include Australia Bangladesh Canada India Jordan Nigeria Pakistan Poland Romania South Africa South Korea Sri Lanka Thailand and the United Kingdom In some of these countries the independence of the election commission is constitutionally guaranteed e g section 190 of the Constitution of South Africa Branch model edit In the branch model the election commission is often called an electoral branch and is usually a constitutionally recognized separate branch of government with its members appointed by either the executive or the legislative branch Countries with an electoral branch include Bolivia Costa Rica Panama Nicaragua and Venezuela Mixed model edit In the mixed model there is an independent board to determine policy but implementation is usually a matter for an executive department with varying degrees of supervision by the independent board Countries with such a model include Cameroon France Germany Japan Senegal and Spain Executive model edit In the executive model the election commission is directed by a cabinet minister as part of the executive branch of government and may include local government authorities acting as agents of the central body Countries with this model include Denmark Singapore Sweden Switzerland Tunisia In the United States elections for federal state and local offices are run by the executive branch of each state government 7 Judicial model edit In the judicial model the election commission is closely supervised by and ultimately responsible to a special electoral court Countries with such a model include Argentina Brazil and Mexico List of election commissions edit nbsp Afghanistan Independent Election Commission defunct since 2021 Election Complaints Commission defunct since 2021 nbsp Albania Central Election Commission nbsp Argentina Direccion Nacional Electoral Camara Nacional Electoral nbsp Australia Australian Electoral Commission 1 nbsp Australian Capital Territory Electoral Commission nbsp New South Wales Electoral Commission nbsp Northern Territory Electoral Commission nbsp Queensland Electoral Commission nbsp South Australia Electoral Commission nbsp Tasmania Electoral Commission nbsp Victoria Electoral Commission nbsp Western Australia Electoral Commission nbsp Bangladesh Election Commission nbsp Belarus Central Election Commission nbsp Belize Elections and Boundaries Commission nbsp Bolivia Plurinational Electoral Organ since 2010 National Electoral Court defunct since 2010 nbsp Belgium Federal Public Service Interior nbsp Brazil Superior Electoral Court 6 Regional Electoral Courts nbsp Cambodia National Election Committee nbsp Canada Elections Canada Elections Quebec Elections Alberta Elections BC Elections Manitoba Elections New Brunswick Elections Newfoundland amp Labrador Elections Nova Scotia Elections Nunavut Elections NWT Elections Ontario Elections Prince Edward Island Elections Saskatchewan Elections Yukon nbsp Chile Electoral Service nbsp China excl Hong Kong and Macau Election Committees for Local People s Congress elections only nbsp Colombia National Electoral Council nbsp Costa Rica Supreme Electoral Court nbsp Cuba National Election Council es nbsp Cyprus Central Elections Office nbsp Democratic Republic of the Congo Independent National Electoral Commission nbsp Ecuador National Electoral Council Electoral Contentious Tribunal es nbsp Egypt High Elections Committee nbsp Ethiopia National Election Board nbsp Fiji Electoral Commission nbsp France Constitutional Council nbsp Germany Federal Returning Officer nbsp Ghana Electoral Commission nbsp Guyana Elections Commission nbsp Haiti Provisional Electoral Council nbsp Hong Kong Electoral Affairs Commission nbsp Iceland National Electoral Commission nbsp India Election Commission nbsp Indonesia General Elections Commission nbsp Iran Guardian Council nbsp Iraq Independent High Electoral Commission nbsp Ireland Electoral Commission nbsp Israel Central Elections Committee nbsp Italy Central Directorate for Electoral Services nbsp Japan Central Election Management Council nbsp Jordan Independent Election Commission nbsp Kazakhstan Central Election Commission nbsp Kenya Interim Independent Electoral Commission since 2008 Electoral Commission defunct since 2008 nbsp Kosovo Central Election Commission Kosovo sq nbsp Laos National Election Committee Lao nbsp Liberia National Elections Commission nbsp Libya High National Election Commission nbsp Macau Electoral Affairs Commission Macau nbsp Malaysia Election Commission nbsp Malta Electoral Commission 8 nbsp Mexico National Electoral Institute Federal Electoral Tribunal nbsp Moldova Central Election Commission nbsp Myanmar Union Electoral Commission nbsp Nepal Election Commission nbsp Netherlands Electoral Council nl nbsp New Zealand Electoral Commission nbsp Nicaragua Supreme Electoral Council nbsp Nigeria Independent National Electoral Commission nbsp North Korea Central Election Committee North Korea 9 nbsp Northern Cyprus High Electoral Board nbsp Norway Norwegian Directorate of Elections nbsp Pakistan Election Commission nbsp Palestine Central Elections Commission nbsp Philippines Commission on Elections Once a winner is proclaimed only these tribunals can rule on election matters nbsp Philippines Presidential Electoral Tribunal entirely composed of the Supreme Court Senate Electoral Tribunal House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal Regional Trial Courts for local officials nbsp Poland National Electoral Commission nbsp Portugal National Elections Commission Portugal pt nbsp Russia Central Election Commission nbsp Singapore Elections Department nbsp Slovenia State Election Commission Drzavna volilna komisija nbsp Somaliland National Electoral Commission nbsp South Africa Independent Electoral Commission nbsp South Korea National Election Commission nbsp Spain Junta Electoral Central nbsp Sri Lanka Election Commission of Sri Lanka nbsp Sweden Election Authority nbsp Taiwan Central Election Commission nbsp Tanzania National Electoral Commission nbsp Thailand Election Commission nbsp Tunisia Independent High Authority for Elections nbsp Turkey Supreme Electoral Council of Turkey 5 nbsp Ukraine Central Election Commission nbsp United Kingdom Electoral Commission nbsp United States Election Assistance Commission serves as a national clearinghouse and resource regarding election administration establishes best practices and provides financial aid to state electoral systems Federal Election Commission regulates campaign finance legislation Electoral Commission a special commission for the 1876 presidential election nbsp Florida Florida Election Commission nbsp Hawaii Hawaii Elections Commission 10 nbsp Illinois Illinois State Board of Elections 11 nbsp Maryland Maryland State Board of Elections 12 nbsp New York New York State Board of Elections 13 nbsp North Carolina North Carolina State Board of Elections amp Ethics Enforcement 14 nbsp Oklahoma Oklahoma State Election Board 4 nbsp Puerto Rico State Elections Commission nbsp South Carolina South Carolina State Election Commission 3 nbsp Virginia Virginia State Board of Elections 15 nbsp Wisconsin Wisconsin Elections Commission 16 nbsp Uruguay Electoral Court nbsp Venezuela National Electoral Council nbsp Vietnam National Election Council Vietnam nbsp Zimbabwe Electoral CommissionElection commissions in Africa editThis section possibly contains original research Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations Statements consisting only of original research should be removed November 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message As of 2021 53 out of 55 African nations save for Eritrea and Somalia which do not hold elections use or have used election commissions to organize and supervise their elections First introduced in the Sudan in 1957 election commissions were created across the continent especially after many African nations introduced a system of multi party democracy in the early 1990s 17 See also editElectoral college a body which elects a candidate to a particular office Association of Central and Eastern European Election Officials Association of African Election Authorities Court of Disputed ReturnsReferences edit a b Australian Electoral Commission Retrieved December 15 2018 Alvarez Rivera Manuel Elections to the Latvian Saeima Parliament Election Resources on the Internet Retrieved December 15 2018 a b Home SC Votes South Carolina Election Commission Retrieved 2023 12 07 a b Oklahoma State Election Board Retrieved December 15 2018 a b YSK Web Portal www ysk gov tr Retrieved 2023 12 07 a b Superior Electoral Court Brazil TSE Archived from the original on November 16 2020 Retrieved December 15 2018 About Us Florida Division of Elections Florida Department of State Retrieved 13 February 2017 Electoral Commission of Malta Welcome to the portal of the Electoral Commission of Malta electoral gov mt Retrieved 2023 12 07 Report of Central Election Committee in DPRK Issued dprktoday com Retrieved 2023 12 07 State of Hawaii Office of Elections Elections Commission Retrieved 7 December 2023 Board of Elections Illinois State Board of Elections Archived from the original on 2019 06 21 Retrieved 7 December 2023 Maryland State Board of Elections elections maryland gov Retrieved 2023 12 07 Board of Elections New York State Board of Elections Retrieved 7 December 2023 Home Page NCSBE North Carolina State Board of Elections Retrieved 2023 12 07 Virginia Department of Elections Home www elections virginia gov Retrieved 2023 12 07 Wisconsin Elections Commission elections wi gov 2022 04 04 Retrieved 2023 12 07 Marzin Regis 2021 Les commissions electorales et le retour du multipartisme entre 1990 et 1994 en Afrique Historique des commissions electorales de 1957 a 2021 in French External links editAssociation of Asian Election Authorities Association of European Election Officials Portals nbsp Law nbsp Politics Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Election commission amp oldid 1214389201, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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