In the United States, the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defined the word "drug" as an "article intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in man or other animals" and those "(other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals."[2] Consistent with that definition, the U.S. separately defines narcotic drugs and controlled substances, which may include non-drugs, and explicitly excludes tobacco, caffeine and alcoholic beverages.[3]
Detroit police inspecting equipment found in a clandestine brewery during the Prohibition era
US yearly overdose deaths, and the drugs involved. Among the more than 70,200 deaths estimated in 2017, the sharpest increase occurred among deaths related to fentanyl and synthetic opioids (28,466 deaths).[1]
As part of the "War on drugs", the U.S. gives hundreds of millions of dollars per year of military aid to Colombia, used to combat guerrilla groups such as FARC, involved in narcotics trafficking. Colin Powell is seen here visiting Colombia in 2006 in support of Plan Colombia.
The first Drug court in the United States took shape in Miami-Dade County, Florida in 1989 as a response to the growing crack-cocaine usage in the city. Chief Judge Gerald Wetherington, Judge Herbert Klein, then State Attorney Janet Reno and Public Defender Bennett Brummer designed the court for nonviolent offenders to receive treatment. This model of court system quickly became a popular method for dealing with an ever increasing number of drug offenders. Between 1984 and 1999, the number of defendants charged with a drug offense in the Federal courts increased 3% annually, from 11,854 to 29,306. By 1999 there were 472 Drug Courts in the nation and by 2005 that number had increased to 1262 with another 575 Drug Courts in the planning stages; currently all 50 states have working Drug Courts. There are currently about 120,000 people treated annually in Drug Courts, though an estimated 1.5 million eligible people are currently before the courts. There are currently more than 2,400 Drug Courts operating throughout the United States.
Doping is the taking of performance-enhancing drugs, generally for sporting activities. Doping has been detected in many sporting codes, especially baseball and football.
Recreational drugs by type
Alcohol
Cigarette smokers as a percentage of the population for the United States as compared with the Netherlands, Norway, Japan, and Finland
^Bullington, Bruce; Alan A. Block (March 1990). "A Trojan horse: Anti-communism and the war on drugs". Crime, Law and Social Change. Springer Netherlands. 14 (1): 39–55. doi:10.1007/BF00728225. ISSN 1573-0751.
DeGrandpre, Richard J (2006). The cult of pharmacology : how America became the world's most troubled drug culture. Durham: Duke University Press. ISBN9780822338819.
March 10, 2023
drugs, united, states, united, states, federal, food, drug, cosmetic, defined, word, drug, article, intended, diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, prevention, disease, other, animals, those, other, than, food, intended, affect, structure, function, body, ot. In the United States the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act defined the word drug as an article intended for use in the diagnosis cure mitigation treatment or prevention of disease in man or other animals and those other than food intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals 2 Consistent with that definition the U S separately defines narcotic drugs and controlled substances which may include non drugs and explicitly excludes tobacco caffeine and alcoholic beverages 3 Detroit police inspecting equipment found in a clandestine brewery during the Prohibition era US yearly overdose deaths and the drugs involved Among the more than 70 200 deaths estimated in 2017 the sharpest increase occurred among deaths related to fentanyl and synthetic opioids 28 466 deaths 1 Contents 1 Federal drug policy 1 1 War on drugs 2 Drug courts 3 Pharmacological drugs 4 Doping in sports 5 Recreational drugs by type 5 1 Alcohol 5 2 Cannabis 5 3 Cocaine 5 4 Methamphetamine 5 5 Psilocybin 5 6 Tobacco 6 Drug use and deaths per state 7 See also 8 References 9 Further readingFederal drug policy EditMain article Federal drug policy of the United States History of United States drug prohibition Office of National Drug Control Policy Drug Enforcement AdministrationWar on drugs Edit Main article War on drugs As part of the War on drugs the U S gives hundreds of millions of dollars per year of military aid to Colombia used to combat guerrilla groups such as FARC involved in narcotics trafficking Colin Powell is seen here visiting Colombia in 2006 in support of Plan Colombia The War on drugs is a campaign of prohibition and foreign military aid and military intervention undertaken by the United States government with the assistance of participating countries and the stated aim to define and reduce the illegal drug trade 4 5 This initiative includes a set of drug policies of the United States that are intended to discourage the production distribution and consumption of illegal psychoactive drugs The term War on Drugs was first used by President Richard Nixon in 1971 Drug courts EditMain article Drug courts in the United States The first Drug court in the United States took shape in Miami Dade County Florida in 1989 as a response to the growing crack cocaine usage in the city Chief Judge Gerald Wetherington Judge Herbert Klein then State Attorney Janet Reno and Public Defender Bennett Brummer designed the court for nonviolent offenders to receive treatment This model of court system quickly became a popular method for dealing with an ever increasing number of drug offenders Between 1984 and 1999 the number of defendants charged with a drug offense in the Federal courts increased 3 annually from 11 854 to 29 306 By 1999 there were 472 Drug Courts in the nation and by 2005 that number had increased to 1262 with another 575 Drug Courts in the planning stages currently all 50 states have working Drug Courts There are currently about 120 000 people treated annually in Drug Courts though an estimated 1 5 million eligible people are currently before the courts There are currently more than 2 400 Drug Courts operating throughout the United States Pharmacological drugs EditPharmacies in the United States Prescription drug prices in the United States National Drug CodeDoping in sports EditMain article Doping in the United States Doping is the taking of performance enhancing drugs generally for sporting activities Doping has been detected in many sporting codes especially baseball and football Recreational drugs by type EditAlcohol Edit Cigarette smokers as a percentage of the population for the United States as compared with the Netherlands Norway Japan and Finland Main category Alcohol in the United States Prohibition in the United States Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States Alcohol related traffic crashes in the United StatesCannabis Edit Main article Cannabis in the United States Medical cannabis in the United States Decriminalization of non medical cannabis in the United States Legal history of cannabis in the United States Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances ActCocaine Edit Main article Cocaine in the United States Methamphetamine Edit Main article Methamphetamine in the United States Psilocybin Edit Main article Psilocybin decriminalization in the United States Tobacco Edit Main article Tobacco in the United States History of commercial tobacco in the United States Cigarette taxes in the United StatesDrug use and deaths per state EditState Population 2010 Drug Users 2010 Drug Deaths Total 2010 Drug Deaths per 100 000 Federal Grants 2010 Grant Drug User Alabama 4 779 736 06 73 6 554 12 80 040 503 248 82 Alaska 710 231 11 79 7 75 11 30 760 934 367 36 Arizona 6 392 017 08 95 8 981 15 5 138 524 069 242 36 Arkansas 2 915 918 07 96 9 326 11 5 47 138 163 203 09 California 37 253 956 09 07 10 4178 11 4 832 107 905 246 26 Colorado 5 029 196 11 72 11 747 15 4 111 188 470 188 64 Connecticut 3 574 097 08 23 12 444 12 7 103 493 029 351 84 Delaware 897 934 09 14 13 102 11 8 24 161 839 294 40 Florida 18 801 310 07 80 14 2936 16 1 338 129 029 230 57 Georgia U S state 9 687 653 07 32 15 1043 10 6 321 114 660 452 83 Hawaii 1 360 301 09 92 16 142 11 1 37 176 146 275 50 Idaho 1 567 582 08 00 17 133 8 9 21 076 027 168 06 Illinois 12 830 632 07 17 18 1239 9 6 234 968 808 255 41 Indiana 6 483 802 08 79 19 827 13 0 91 020 232 159 71 Iowa 3 046 355 04 08 20 211 7 1 58 962 185 474 39 Kansas 2 853 118 06 77 21 294 10 6 40 234 098 208 30 Kentucky 4 339 367 08 41 22 722 17 100 547 625 275 52 Louisiana 4 533 372 07 16 23 862 20 1 80 230 847 247 18 Maine 1 328 361 09 09 24 161 12 2 36 320 286 300 79 Maryland 5 773 552 07 29 25 807 12 7 192 136 722 456 50 Massachusetts 6 547 629 08 87 26 1003 15 6 245 061 344 421 96 Michigan 9 883 640 08 95 27 1524 15 3 243 556 706 275 33 Minnesota 5 303 925 08 24 28 359 6 9 95 867 509 219 35 Mississippi 2 967 297 06 39 29 334 11 4 50 554 343 266 62 Missouri 5 988 927 07 38 30 730 12 4 123 020 244 278 34 Montana 989 415 10 02 31 132 13 8 28 332 837 285 79 Nebraska 1 826 341 06 43 32 92 5 2 34 675 170 295 27 Nevada 2 700 551 09 35 33 515 20 1 46 367 799 183 63 New Hampshire 1 316 470 12 15 34 172 13 0 55 388 743 346 29 New Jersey 8 791 894 06 42 35 797 9 2 113 795 702 201 61 New Mexico 2 059 179 10 07 36 447 12 8 150 896 974 727 71 New York 19 378 102 09 82 37 1797 9 2 1 875 136 099 985 39 North Carolina 9 535 483 08 88 38 1223 13 0 403 912 656 477 01 North Dakota 672 591 05 3 39 28 4 3 36 344 108 1 019 55 Ohio 11 536 504 07 61 40 1691 14 7 207 925 242 236 84 Oklahoma 3 751 351 08 09 41 687 19 67 359 062 221 95 Oregon 3 831 074 12 80 42 564 15 1 104 298 167 212 69 Pennsylvania 12 702 379 06 57 43 1812 14 6 283 229 043 339 38 Rhode Island 1 052 567 13 34 44 142 13 4 43 604 718 310 55 South Carolina 4 625 364 06 70 45 584 13 2 77 790 340 251 02 South Dakota 814 180 06 28 46 34 4 3 31 840 106 622 72 Tennessee 6 346 105 08 22 47 1035 16 8 107 211 391 205 52 Texas 25 145 561 06 26 48 2343 9 8 384 444 836 244 23 Utah 2 763 885 06 24 49 546 20 6 47 059 651 272 86 Vermont 625 741 13 73 50 57 9 2 58 913 913 685 73 Virginia 8 001 024 07 33 51 713 9 2 173 221 243 295 36 Washington 6 724 540 09 59 52 1003 15 5 130 527 165 202 40 West Virginia 1 852 994 06 79 53 405 22 4 45 059 469 358 13 Wisconsin 5 686 986 08 67 54 639 11 4 107 259 369 217 54 Wyoming 563 626 06 82 55 68 13 12 483 581 324 76 United States 308 143 815 08 11 38260 12 4 8 304 469 106 332 19See also EditIllegal drug trade in the United States Opioid epidemic in the United States Drug prohibition Crime in the United States National Institute on Drug AbuseReferences Edit Overdose Death Rates By National Institute on Drug Abuse NIDA Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act U S Food and Drug Administration Retrieved on 24 September 2007 21 USC Sec 802 Archived 2009 08 31 at the Wayback Machine U S Department of Justice Retrieved on 24 September 2007 Cockburn and St Clair 1998 Chapter 14 Bullington Bruce Alan A Block March 1990 A Trojan horse Anti communism and the war on drugs Crime Law and Social Change Springer Netherlands 14 1 39 55 doi 10 1007 BF00728225 ISSN 1573 0751 Alabama Drug Control Update Alaska Drug Control Update Arizona Drug Control Update Arkansas Drug control Update California Drug Control Update Colorado Drug Control Update Connecticut Drug Control Update Delaware Drug Control Update Florida Drug Control Update Georgia Drug Control Update Hawaii Drug Control Update Idaho Drug Control Update Illinois Drug Control Update Indiana Drug Control Update Iowa Drug Control Update Kansas Drug Control Update Kentucky Drug Control Update Louisiana Drug Control Update Maine Drug Control Update Archived September 22 2014 at the Wayback Machine Maryland Drug Control Update Massachusetts Drug Control Update Michigan Drug Control Update Archived January 27 2016 at the Wayback Machine Minnesota Drug Control Update Mississippi Drug Control Update Missouri Drug Control Update Montana Drug Control Update Nebraska Drug Control Update Nevada Drug Control Update New Hampshire Drug Control Update New Jersey Drug Control Update New Mexico Drug Control Update New York Drug Control Update North Carolina Drug Control Update North Dakota Drug Control Update Ohio Drug Control Update Oklahoma Drug Control Update Oregon Drug Control Update Pennsylvania Drug Control Update Rhode Island Drug Control Update South Carolina Drug Control Update South Dakota Drug Control Update Tennessee Drug Control Update Texas Drug Control Update Utah Drug Control Update Vermont Drug Control Update Virginia Drug Control Update Washington Drug Control Update West Virginia Drug Control Update Wisconsin Drug Control Update Wyoming Drug Control UpdateFurther reading EditDeGrandpre Richard J 2006 The cult of pharmacology how America became the world s most troubled drug culture Durham Duke University Press ISBN 9780822338819 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Drugs in the United States amp oldid 1140797318, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
