Shades of green

"Gray-green" redirects here. For the bus operator, see Grey-Green. For similar terms, see Shades of Green (resort) and Shades of Green (album).

Not to be confused with Shades of chartreuse.

Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below.

Green
Spectral coordinates
Wavelength	520–570 nm
Frequency	~526–577 THz
Common connotations
nature, health, environmentalism, spring, St. Patrick's Day
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#00FF00
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 255, 0)
CMYK^H (c, m, y, k)	(100, 0, 100, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 100%, 100%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(88, 136, 128°)
Source	RGB color system
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Some tints and shades of green

Computer web color greens

Green

Green (X11, color wheel)
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#00FF00
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 255, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 100%, 100%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(88, 136, 128°)
Source	X11 color names,^[1] HTML/CSS^[2]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color defined as green in the RGB color model is the brightest green that can be reproduced on a computer screen, and is the color named green in X11. It is one of the three primary colors used in the RGB color space along with red and blue. The three additive primaries in the RGB color system are the three colors of light chosen such as to provide the maximum range of colors that are capable of being represented on a computer or television set.

 

Red, green and blue lights, representing the three basic additive primary colors of the RGB color system, red, green, and blue.

This color is also called regular green. It is at precisely 120 degrees on the HSV color wheel, also known as the RGB color wheel (Image of RGB color wheel). Its complementary color is magenta.

HTML/CSS uses the name lime for this color, using green to refer to a darker shade. See the chart Color names that clash between X11 and HTML/CSS in the X11 color names article to see those colors which are different in HTML and X11.

Green takes up a large portion of the CIE chromaticity diagram because it is in the central area of human color perception.

Green (HTML/CSS color)

Green (HTML/CSS color)
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#008000
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 128, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 100%, 50%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(46, 72, 128°)
Source	HTML/CSS^[2]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Deep yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color defined as green in HTML/CSS color standard is the color called green, low green, or medium green in many of the older eight-bit computer palettes.

Another name for this color is green W3C or office green.

Dark green (X11)

Dark green (X11)
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#006400
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 100, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 100%, 39%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(36, 56, 128°)
Source	X11^[2]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Deep yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

This is the X11/HTML color dark green.

Light green

Light green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#90EE90
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(144, 238, 144)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 39%, 93%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(87, 74, 128°)
Source	X11^[2]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Light green is a light tint of green.

Lime green

Lime green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#32CD32
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(50, 205, 50)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 76%, 80%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(73, 103, 128°)
Source	X11^[3]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Lime green is a web color. It is a vivid yellowish shade of green.

Bright green

Bright green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#66FF00
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(102, 255, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)	(96°, 100%, 100%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(89, 127, 123°)
Source	^[Unsourced]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant yellow green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

This is the color bright green.

Pale green

Pale green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#98FB98
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(152, 251, 152)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 39%, 98%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(91, 78, 128°)
Source	X11^[2]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

This is the X11/HTML color pale green.

Erin

Main article: Erin (color)

Erin
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#00FF40
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 255, 64)
HSV (h, s, v)	(135°, 100%, 100%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(88, 129, 130°)
Source	Maerz and Paul^[4]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The first recorded use of erin as a color name was in 1922.

Harlequin

Harlequin
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#3FFF00
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(63, 255, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)	(105°, 100%, 100%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(88, 133, 126°)
Source	Maerz and Paul^[5]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Harlequin is a color described as being located between green and yellow (closer to green than to yellow) on the color wheel. On color plate 17 in the 1930 book A Dictionary of Color (see reference below), the color harlequin is shown as being a highly saturated rich color at a position halfway between chartreuse and green. Thus in modern color terminology, harlequin is the color halfway between green and chartreuse green on the RGB color wheel.

The first recorded use of harlequin as a color name in English was in 1923.^[6]

Harlequin is a pure spectral color at approximately 552 nanometers on the visible spectrum when plotted on the CIE chromaticity diagram.^{[citation needed]}

Silver Patron tequila is sold in harlequin-colored boxes.

Harlequin is also an adjective used to describe something that is colored in a pattern, usually a diamond-shaped pattern,^[7] as in the dress traditionally associated with harlequins. Similarly, it can mean anything multicolored or prismatic, such as opals or other precious gems which are highly variegated in color and hue. In the early 2000s, a harlequin color paint was invented for automobiles that appears different colors from different angles of view.

Neon green

Neon green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#39FF14
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(57, 255, 20)
HSV (h, s, v)	(111°, 92%, 100%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(88, 132, 126°)
Source	Layout Sparks^[8]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Neon green is a bright tone of green used in psychedelic art and in fashion.

Additional definitions of green

Green (CMYK) (pigment green)

Green (CMYK) (pigment green)
Cyan, magenta, and yellow are the three subtractive primary colors used in printing.
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#00A550
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 165, 80)
HSV (h, s, v)	(149°, 100%, 65%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(59, 74, 137°)
Source	CMYK^[9]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color defined as green in the CMYK color system used in printing, also known as pigment green, is the tone of green that is achieved by mixing process (printer's) cyan and process (printer's) yellow in equal proportions.

The purpose of the CMYK color system is to provide the maximum possible gamut of color reproducible in printing.

The color indicated is only approximate as the colors of printing inks may vary.

The color displayed is an approximation of the CMYK color on an RGB screen, and cannot replicate the color accurately.

Green (NCS) (psychological primary green)

Green (NCS)
Approximations within the sRGB gamut to the primary colors of the Natural Color System, a model based on the opponent process theory of color vision.
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#009F6B
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 159, 107)
HSV (h, s, v)	(160°, 100%, 62%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(58, 58, 148°)
Source	sRGB approximation to NCS 2060-G^[10]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Strong yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color defined as green in the NCS or Natural Color System is NCS 2060-G. The natural color system is a color system based on the four unique hues or psychological primary colors red, yellow, green, and blue. The NCS is based on the opponent process theory of vision. The Natural Color System is widely used in Scandinavia.

Green (Munsell)

Green (Munsell)
The hues of the Munsell color system, at varying values, and maximum chroma to stay in the sRGB gamut.
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#00A877
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 168, 119)
HSV (h, s, v)	(162°, 100%, 66%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(61, 59, 152°)
Source	Munsell Color Wheel
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The Munsell color system (Munsell 5G) includes a color defined as green. The Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three color dimensions: hue, value (lightness), and chroma (color purity), spaced uniformly in three dimensions in the elongated oval at an angle shaped Munsell color solid according to the logarithmic scale which governs human perception. In order for all the colors to be spaced uniformly, it was found necessary to use a color wheel with five primary colors—red, yellow, green, blue, and purple. The Munsell colors displayed are only approximate as they have been adjusted to fit into the sRGB gamut.

Green (Pantone)

Green (Pantone)
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#00AD83
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 173, 131)
HSV (h, s, v)	(165°, 100%, 68%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(63, 58, 157°)
Source	Pantone TPX^[11]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Green (Pantone) is the color that is called green in Pantone.

The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color # green C, EC, HC, PC, U, or UP—green.^[11]

Green (Crayola)

Green (Crayola)
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#01A368
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(1, 163, 104)
HSV (h, s, v)	(158°, 99%, 64%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(59, 62, 146°)
Source	Crayola colorxs.com
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Strong yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Green (Crayola) is the color called green in Crayola crayons.

Green was one of the original Crayola crayons introduced in 1903.

Green in biological nature

Main article: Green § Biology

Green is common in nature, especially in plants. Many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which is involved in photosynthesis.^[12] Many shades of green have been named after plants or are related to plants. Due to varying ratios of chlorophylls (and different amounts as well as other plant pigments being present), the plant kingdom exhibits many shades of green in both hue (true color) and value (lightness/darkness). The chlorophylls in living plants have distinctive green colors, while dried or cooked portions of plants are different shades of green due to the chlorophyll molecules losing their inner magnesium ion.

Apple green

"Apple green" redirects here. For other uses, see Apple Green.

Apple green
A Granny Smith apple
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#8AB800
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(138, 184, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)	(75°, 100%, 72%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(69, 83, 106°)
Source
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellow green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

  Apple green is a representation of the color of the outer skin of a Granny Smith apple. A darker version of this color has been used for the IRT Lexington Avenue Line since June 1979, when the NYCTA decided to assign line colors to all the routes within the major trunk lines in the Central Business District, plus different colors for services not entering Manhattan. By doing this, they scrapped the 1967 colors that were assigned separately to each service.   The first recorded use of apple green as a color name in English was in 1648.^[13]

Artichoke green (Pantone)

Artichoke green (Pantone)
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#4B6F44
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(75, 111, 68)
HSV (h, s, v)	(110°, 39%, 44%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(43, 32, 123°)
Source	Pantone^[14]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Dark yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

This is the color called artichoke green in Pantone. The source is Pantone 18-0125 TPX.^[14]

Evergreen

Evergreen
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#05472A
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(5, 71, 42)
HSV (h, s, v)	(154°, 93%, 28%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(26, 27, 144°)
Source	PicMonkey
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Evergreen is a color that resembles evergreens.

It is currently unknown when evergreen was first used as a color name.

Fern green

Fern green
Ferns at Muir Woods, California
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#4F7942
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(79, 121, 66)
HSV (h, s, v)	(106°, 45%, 47%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(47, 40, 121°)
Source	Maerz and Paul^[15]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Dark yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Fern
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#63B76C
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(99, 183, 108)
HSV (h, s, v)	(126°, 46%, 72%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(68, 61, 130°)
Source	Crayola colorxs.com
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Fern green is a color that resembles ferns. A Crayola crayon named fern was created in 1998.

The first recorded use of fern green as a color name in English was in 1902.^[16]

Forest green

Main article: Forest green

Forest green
Forest in Germany
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#228B22
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(34, 139, 34)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 76%, 55%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(51, 70, 128°)
Source	X11
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Forest green refers to a green color said to resemble the color of the trees and other plants in a forest.^[17]

The first recorded use of forest green as the name of a color in the English language was in 1810.^[18]

Honeydew

Honeydew
Honeydew melons
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#F0FFF0
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(240, 255, 240)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 6%, 100%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(99, 12, 128°)
Source	X11
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Very pale green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color honeydew is a representation of the color of the interior flesh of a honeydew melon.

Jungle green

Main article: Jungle green

Jungle green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#29AB87
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(41, 171, 135)
HSV (h, s, v)	(163°, 76%, 67%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(63, 52, 159°)
Source	Crayola^[citation needed]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

In 1990, Crayola named and formulated a specific tone called jungle green.

The first recorded use of jungle green as a name of a color in the English language was in 1926.^[19]

Kelly green

For other uses, see Kelly Green.

Kelly green
Irish meadow
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#4CBB17
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(76, 187, 23)
HSV (h, s, v)	(101°, 88%, 73%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(67, 94, 123°)
Source	canva.com
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

 

Chicago River dyed green for Saint Patrick's Day

Kelly green is an intense, pure green named after the common Irish family name, Kelly. It evokes the lush green Irish meadows and is also commonly associated with St. Patrick’s Day.

Kombu green

Kombu green
Kombu from the kelp species Saccharina japonica, the source of most kombu
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#354230
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(53, 66, 48)
HSV (h, s, v)	(103°, 27%, 26%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(26, 12, 118°)
Source	Pantone TPX^[20]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Dark olive green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color kombu green, is displayed at right.

The color kombu green is a representation of the color of kombu, edible kelp from the family Laminariaceae widely eaten in East Asia.

The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #19-0417 TPX—Kombu Green.^[21]

Laurel green

Laurel green
A laurel wreath
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#A9BA9D
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(169, 186, 157)
HSV (h, s, v)	(95°, 16%, 73%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(74, 22, 112°)
Source	Maerz and Paul^[22]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Moderate yellow green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Laurel green is a medium light hue of chartreuish gray similar to asparagus, but lighter.

The first recorded use of laurel green as a name of a color in the English language was in 1705.^[23]

Mantis

Mantis
A praying mantis.
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#74C365
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(116, 195, 101)
HSV (h, s, v)	(110°, 48%, 76%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(72, 69, 124°)
Source	Xona.com color list
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Mantis is a color that is a representation of the color of a praying mantis.

The first use of mantis as a color name in English was when it was included as one of the colors on the Xona.com color list, promulgated in 2001.

Moss green

"Moss green" redirects here. For the RAL color, see RAL 6005 Moss green.

Moss green
Moss-covered grave
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#8A9A5B
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(138, 154, 91)
HSV (h, s, v)	(75°, 41%, 60%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(61, 42, 99°)
Source	ISCC-NBS^[24]^[25]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Moderate yellow green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Moss green is a tone of green that resembles moss.

The first recorded use of moss green as a color name in English was in 1884.^[26]

Mint green

Mint green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#98FB98
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(152, 251, 152)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 39%, 98%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(91, 78, 128°)
Source	X11^[2]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Mint green is a pale tint of green that resembles the color of mint green pigment, and was a popular color in the 1990s.

Myrtle

Myrtle
Myrtus communis leaves and flower
Common connotations
Myrtus
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#21421E
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(33, 66, 30)
HSV (h, s, v)	(115°, 55%, 26%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(25, 24, 126°)
Source	ColorHexa^[27]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Myrtle is a dark green shade that resembles the color of Myrtus leaves.

Olive

Main article: Olive (color)

Olive
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#808000
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(128, 128, 0)
CMYK^H (c, m, y, k)	(0, 0, 100, 50)
HSV (h, s, v)	(60°, 100%, 50%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(52, 57, 86°)
Source	X11 color names
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Light olive
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

 

Green olives

Olive is a dark yellowish-green color,^[28] like that of unripe or green olives.

As a color word in the English language, it appears in late Middle English. Shaded toward brown, it becomes olive drab.

Pine green

Pine green
Pinus nigra
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#01796F
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(1, 121, 111)
HSV (h, s, v)	(175°, 99%, 47%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(45, 36, 179°)
Source	Crayola^[citation needed]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Moderate bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Pine green is a rich shade of spring green that resembles the color of pine trees. It is an official Crayola color (since 1903).^{[citation needed]}

Pine green is a rich dark shade of cyan that resembles the color of pine trees. It is an official Crayola color (since 1903) that is this exact shade in the Crayola crayon, but in the markers, it is known as crocodile green.

The color pine green is a representation of the average color of the leaves of the trees of a coniferous forest. The color pine green was originally known as pine tree. The first recorded use of pine tree as a color name in English was in 1923.^[29]

The first recorded use of pine tree as a color name in English was in 1923.^[30]

Reseda green

Main article: Reseda green

Reseda chartreuse
Wild mignonette
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#6C7C59
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(108, 124, 89)
HSV (h, s, v)	(87°, 28%, 49%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(50, 25, 108°)
Source	^[Unsourced]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Moderate olive green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Reseda green, is a shade of greyish green in the classic range of colors of the German RAL colour standard, in which it is named "RAL 6011".^[31]

The name derives from the color of the leaves of Reseda odorata, commonly known as mignonette.^[32]

Sap green

Sap green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#507D2A
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(80, 125, 42)
HSV (h, s, v)	(93°, 66%, 49%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(48, 52, 115°)
Source	^[Unsourced]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Sap green is a green-looking pigment that was traditionally made of ripe buckthorn berries. However, modern colors marketed under this name are usually a blend of other pigments, commonly with a basis of Phthalocyanine Green G. It is one of the greens used in The Joy of Painting.

Tea green

"Tea green" redirects here. For the hamlet near Luton, see Tea Green, Hertfordshire.

Tea green
Green tea.
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#D0F0C0
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(208, 240, 192)
HSV (h, s, v)	(100°, 20%, 94%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(91, 36, 116°)
Source	Encycolorpedia^[33]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Very light yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Tea green is a light shade of green. It is a representation of the color of brewed green tea, i.e., the color of the hot green tea after the green tea leaves have been brewed in boiling water.^[34]

The first recorded use of tea green as a color name in English was in 1858.^[35]

Green in non-biological nature

Emerald

"Emerald green" redirects here. For the RAL color, see RAL 6001 Emerald green.

Emerald as a quinary color on the RYB color wheel
green
emerald
viridian

Emerald
An emerald
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#50C878
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(80, 200, 120)
HSV (h, s, v)	(140°, 60%, 78%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(72, 71, 137°)
Source	Maerz and Paul^[36]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Emerald, also called emerald green, is a tone of green that is particularly light and bright, with a faint bluish cast. The name derives from the typical appearance of the emerald gemstone.^[37] The first recorded use of emerald as a color name in English was in 1598.^[38]

Ireland is sometimes referred to as the Emerald Isle due to its lush greenery. The May birthstone is emerald. Seattle is sometimes referred to as the Emerald City, because its abundant rainfall creates lush vegetation. In the Middle Ages, The Emerald Tablet of Hermes Trismegistus was believed to contain the secrets of alchemy. "Emerald City", from the story of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is a city where everything from food to people are emerald green. However, it is revealed at the end of the story that everything in the city is normal colored, but the glasses everyone wears are emerald tinted. The Green Zone in Baghdad is sometimes ironically and cynically referred to as the Emerald City.^[39] The Emerald Buddha is a figurine of the sitting Buddha, made of green jade (rather than emerald), clothed in gold, and about 45 cm tall. It is kept in the Chapel of the Emerald Buddha (Wat Phra Kaew) on the grounds of the Grand Palace in Bangkok. The Emerald Triangle refers to the three counties of Mendocino, Humboldt, and Trinity in Northern California, United States^[40] because these three counties are the biggest marijuana producing counties in California and also the US.^[40] A county-commissioned study reports pot accounts for up to two-thirds of the economy of Mendocino.^[40] Emerald Cities: Urban Sustainability and Economic Development is a book published in 2010 by Joan Fitzgerald, director of the law, policy and society program at Northeastern University, about ecologically sustainable city planning.

Emerald was invented in Germany in 1814. By taking acetic acid, mixing and boiling it with vinegar, and then by adding some arsenic, a bright blue-green hue was formed.^[41]

The normalized color coordinates for emerald are identical to the color Paris green, which is the name introduced in England during the 19th century to market the dye that resulted from using the toxic inorganic compound created in Germany.^[42] It was notorious for causing deaths due to it being a popular color used for wallpaper. Victorian women used this bright color for dresses, and florists used it on fake flowers.^[43]

Green earth

Main article: Green earth

Green earth
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#DADD98
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(218, 221, 152)
HSV (h, s, v)	(63°, 31%, 87%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(86, 48, 88°)
Source	Derwent^[44]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Light yellow green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color green earth is also known as terre verte and Verona green. It is an inorganic pigment derived from the minerals celadonite and glauconite.^[45][46]

Hooker's green

Hooker's green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#49796B
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(73, 121, 107)
HSV (h, s, v)	(162°, 40%, 47%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(47, 23, 164°)
Source	Winsor & Newton^[47]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Moderate green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Hooker's green is a dark green color created by mixing Prussian blue and gamboge. Hooker's green takes its name from botanical artist William Hooker (1779–1832) who first created it particularly for illustrating leaves.^[48]

Jade

Jade
Three color variations of jade.
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#00A86B
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 168, 107)
HSV (h, s, v)	(158°, 100%, 66%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(61, 64, 145°)
Source	^[Unsourced]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Strong yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Jade, also called jade green, is a representation of the color of the gemstone called jade, although the stone itself varies widely in hue.

The color name jade green was first used in Spanish in the form piedra de ijada in 1569.^[49] The first recorded use of jade green as a color name in English was in 1892.^[50]

Malachite

Malachite
Polished malachite
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#0BDA51
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(11, 218, 81)
HSV (h, s, v)	(140°, 95%, 85%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(77, 104, 132°)
Source	Maerz and Paul^[51]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Malachite, also called malachite green, is a color that is a representation of the color of the mineral malachite.

The first recorded use of malachite green as a color name in English was in the 1200s (exact year uncertain).^[52]

Sea green

Main article: Spring green § Sea green

Sea green
Sea at Manuel Antonio Beach, Costa Rica
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#2E8B57
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(46, 139, 87)
HSV (h, s, v)	(146°, 67%, 55%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(52, 50, 141°)
Source	HTML/CSS
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Strong yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Sea green is a color that resembles the hue of shallow seawater as seen from the surface.

Other notable green colors

British racing green

Main article: British racing green

Celadon

Main article: Celadon

Celadon
A celadon vase
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#ACE1AF
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(172, 225, 175)
HSV (h, s, v)	(123°, 24%, 88%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(85, 42, 129°)
Source	Encycolorpedia^[53]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Light yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Celadon /ˈsɛlədɒn/ is a pale greyish shade of green, or rather a range of such shades. Celadon originates as a term for a class of Chinese ceramics, copied by Korea and Japan. However, the name, which is European, may originate from the character Celadon in L'Astrée, a French pastoral novel of 1627, who wore a light green color.^[54][55]

Celadon glazes were very common, with the green color being reliably produced from about the tenth century onwards; this was appreciated in Asia for resembling jade, the most prestigious material of all. The glaze color comes from iron oxide's transformation from ferric to ferrous iron (Fe₂O₃ → FeO) during the firing process,^[56] but is affected by a wide range of other factors and chemicals, making the precise color very difficult to control. As well as green, a wide range of browns, yellows, greys and sometimes blues all count as "celadon".^[37][57]

Hunter green

For people named "Hunter Greene", see Hunter Greene.

Hunter green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#355E3B
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(53, 94, 59)
HSV (h, s, v)	(129°, 44%, 37%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(36, 28, 132°)
Source	ISCC-NBS #137^[58]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Dark yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Hunter green is a color that is a representation of the color worn by hunters in the 19th century. Most hunters began wearing the color olive drab instead of hunter green about the beginning of the 20th century.^[59] Some hunters still wear hunter green clothing or hunter green bandanas.

The first recorded use of hunter green as a color name in English was in 1892.^[60]

Hunter green has been the official primary color of the Green Bay Packers since 1957, the New York Jets from 1998 to 2019, one of the two official colors of Ohio University and Oswego State, and one of the two official colors of the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity. It is also one of the main colors of Deerfield Academy.

In the bandana code of the gay leather subculture, a hunter green bandana, if worn on the left, indicates that one is a "leather daddy", whereas if a hunter green bandana is worn on the right, it indicates that one is looking for a leather daddy, i.e., looking for a "daddy-boy" relationship.^[61][62][63]

Prison uniforms issued by the New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision are colored hunter green.^[64]

New York City uses hunter green on its construction site fences and sidewalk sheds.^[65]

India green

India green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#138808
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(19, 136, 8)
HSV (h, s, v)	(115°, 94%, 53%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(49, 74, 127°)
Source	Vexillological^[66]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Deep yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

India green, the color of the lower band of the National Flag of India, represents fertility and prosperity.

Islamic green

Main article: Green in Islam

Islamic green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#009000
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 144, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 100%, 56%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(52, 80, 128°)
Source	Encycolorpedia^[67]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color green (Arabic: أخضر) has a number of traditional associations in Islam. In the Quran, it is associated with Islamic paradise.

It was also chosen as a color by pro-Alid (Shi'a) factions. Thus in 817, when the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun adopted the Alid Ali al-Ridha a his heir-apparent, he also changed the dynastic color from black to green. The change was reverted al-Ma'mun had Ali killed, and returned to Baghdad in 819.^[68] Green remains particularly popular in Shi'ite iconography, but it is also widely used in by Sunni states. It is notably used in the flag of Saudi Arabia and flag of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

MSU green

MSU green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#18453B
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(24, 69, 59)
HSV (h, s, v)	(167°, 65%, 27%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(26, 18, 167°)
Source	MSU Brand Guide^[69]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Very dark green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Green and white are the primary school colors representing Michigan State University. The university board of trustees officially standardized MSU green as part of a larger university branding effort, replacing a lighter green (PMS 341) used from 1997 to 2010. The official color was chosen based on the traditional darker Spartan green found on the original university varsity letter jackets and marching band jackets. The official green of Michigan State University is represented by Pantone Matching System ink color 567 (PMS 567).

NDHU green

NDHU green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#0D5C33
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(13, 92, 51)
HSV (h, s, v)	(149°, 86%, 36%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(34, 37, 140°)
Source	NDHU Brand Guide^[70]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Dark green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

NDHU green is the official color of National Dong Hwa University, adopted in 1994. The university officially set NDHU green as part of a larger university branding effort. It represents the books, forest of knowledge, and its campus with nature-based setting.

Pakistan green

Pakistan green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#01411C
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(1, 65, 28)
HSV (h, s, v)	(145°, 98%, 25%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(23, 28, 137°)
Source	Takhleeq^[71]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Deep yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Pakistan green is a shade of dark green, used in web development and graphic design. It is also the background color of the national flag of Pakistan. It is almost identical to the HTML/X11 dark green in sRGB and HSV values.

Persian green

Main article: Persian green

Persian green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#00A693
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(0, 166, 147)
HSV (h, s, v)	(173°, 100%, 65%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(61, 50, 174°)
Source	ISCC-NBS^[72]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Brilliant bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Persian green is a color used in Persian pottery and Persian carpets in Iran.

The first recorded use of Persian green as a color name in English was in 1892.^[73][74]

Rifle green

Rifle green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#444C38
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(68, 76, 56)
HSV (h, s, v)	(84°, 26%, 30%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(31, 14, 105°)
Source	Pantone TPX^[75]^[76]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Dark grayish olive green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color rifle green is displayed at right.

The source of this color is the Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX) color list, color No. 19-0419 TPX—Rifle green.^[77]

The first recorded use of rifle green as a color name in English was in 1858.^[78]

Rifle green is so named from the distinctive color of the uniform of rifle regiments (a form of light infantry) of a number of European armies, and is still used as such by rifle regiments in many Commonwealth armies, such as the Rifles and Royal Gurkha Rifles of the British Army and the Queen's Own Rifles of Canada.

 

John Fitzgerald Kennedy, escorted by a Bermuda Militia Artillery officer in Royal Artillery blue No. 1 dress, inspects green-uniformed riflemen of the Bermuda Rifles in 1961

Rifle green was originally adopted by rifle regiments in the 18th century, including the famous 95th Rifles of the Napoleonic Wars. As the traditional role of riflemen was that of marksmen and skirmishers who attacked behind the cover of trees, a dark green uniform was adopted as an early form of camouflage, as opposed to the colorful uniforms worn by other soldiers of the period. The vegetable based dyes used during the 18th and early 19th centuries were not fast, frequently fading after exposure to the elements to lighter shades of green or even brown. While this had advantages in terms of reduced visibility on active service, it did not make for a smart appearance on the peace-time parade ground. Accordingly, the color of the rifleman's uniform was progressively darkened until it approached black. After 1890 the development of chemical dyes permitted the adoption of the stable shade of rifle green now worn. In the U.S. armed forces, the green beret may be worn only by soldiers awarded the Special Forces Tab, signifying they have been qualified as special forces soldiers. The special forces beret is officially designated "beret, man's, wool, rifle green, army shade 297". Previously, rifle green uniforms had been issued to Hiram Berdan's elite 1st and 2nd United States Sharpshooters during the American Civil War.

Rifle green was the official uniform colour of the Canadian Forces (CF) after unification; it was thereafter generally referred to as "CF green". After the introduction of the distinctive environmental uniform (DEU), rifle green remained as the uniform colour of the winter land environment DEU; a short-lived tan uniform was worn in summer. After the demise of the tans, the rifle green DEU was worn year-round. Rifle green was also the colour of the uniform worn by the Northern Irish Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) until 2001 where the RUC was renamed the PSNI and while the uniform color remained the same, terminology changed to "bottle green".^[79]

Rifle green is 19–0419 TPX in the Pantone palette, or hex code #444C38 in the sRGB color space, as shown above.

Russian green

Russian green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#679267
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(103, 146, 103)
HSV (h, s, v)	(120°, 29%, 57%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(57, 35, 128°)
Source	ISCC-NBS^[80]^[81]
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Moderate yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The first recorded use of Russian green as a color name in English was in the 1830s (exact year uncertain).^[82] The term appears to refer to the medium shade of green worn by most regiments of the Imperial Russian Army from 1700 to 1914.

SGBUS green

SGBUS green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet	#55DD33
sRGB^B (r, g, b)	(85, 221, 51)
HSV (h, s, v)	(108°, 77%, 87%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)	(78, 107, 125°)
Source	HTML/CSS
ISCC–NBS descriptor	Vivid yellowish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

SGBUS green is the color voted by the public and used by Singapore to color all its government-owned public buses.^[83]

See also

• RAL 6001 Emerald green
• RAL 6005 Moss green
• RAL 6007 Bottle green
• Lists of colors
• Green pigments

References

1. . XFree86. Archived from the original on 7 November 2015. Retrieved 5 February 2008.
2. "W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords". W3.org. Retrieved 13 June 2011.
3. "W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords". W3.org. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
4. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 194; Color Sample of Erin Page 81 Plate 29 Color Sample F12; A deep tone of the color Erin is shown as lying half way between a deep tone of green and a deep tone of the color that is now called spring green, on the bottom row of color samples on the color plate, which represent the deeper tones of the colors between green and the color now called spring green.
5. The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called harlequin in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color harlequin is displayed on page 57, Plate 17, Color Sample K11.
6. Maerz, Aloys John; Paul, Morris Rea (1930). "A Dictionary of Color" (1st ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill: 57 plate 17 color sample K11; p. 196. OCLC 1150631. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
7. Paterson, Ian (2003). A Dictionary of Colour (1st paperback ed.). London: Thorogood Publishing (published 2004). p. 198. ISBN 1-85418-375-3. OCLC 60411025.
8. . Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
9. . Tintbook.com. 18 March 2007. Archived from the original on 10 March 2007.
10. The sRGB values are taken by converting the NCS color 2060-G using the "NCS Navigator" tool at the NCS website.
11. "Pantone TPX Pantone Color Finder—Type the word "Green" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear. There are six versions, all with the same color codes—C, EC, HC, PC, U, and UP". Pantone.
12. The New Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2002. ISBN 0-85229-787-4
13. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill p. 189; Color Sample of Apple Green: p. 61 Plate 19 Color Sample J6
14. "PANTONE 18-0125 TPX Artichoke Green". Pantone. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
15. The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called fern green in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color fern green is displayed on page 65, Plate 21, Color Sample F5. Crayola's fern colour is a lighter shade.
16. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 195; color sample of Fern Green: Page 65 Plate 21 Color Sample F5
17. "SVG Color Keywords, CSS3 Color Module, W3C Candidate Recommendation 14 May 2003". W3C. Retrieved 6 January 2007.
18. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 195; color sample of Jungle Green: Page 69 Plate 23 Color Sample L6
19. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 201; color sample of Jungle Green: Page 87 Plate 32 Color Sample L12 Note: The Color Sample shown as Jungle Green in Maerz and Paul is the color shown in the article on "jungle green" as dark jungle green.
20. Type the words "Kombu Green" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear.
21. "- Find a Pantone Color – Quick Online Color Tool". Pantone.com. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
22. The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called laurel green in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color laurel green is displayed on page 67, Plate 22, Color Sample L1.
23. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 197; color sample of Laurel Green: Page 67 Plate 22 Color Sample L1. The color displayed in the color box above as "laurel green" matches the color shown in the color sample in Maerz and Paul
24. . ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names. John C. Foster and Texas Precancel Club. 1955. color sample #26. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2010. The ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Color Names is a color dictionary used by stamp collectors to identify the colors of stamps.
25. The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called moss green in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color moss green is displayed on page 65, Plate 21, Color Sample L2.
26. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill p. 199; Color Sample of Moss Green: p. 65 Plate 21 Color Sample L2
27. "Myrtle / #21421e hex color". ColorHexa. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
28. "Olive – Definition of olive by Merriam-Webster". merriam-webster.com.
29. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 190; Color Sample of Pine Tree: Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample L6
30. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 190; Color Sample of Pine Tree: Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample L6
31. Overview of all RAL Classic colours. RAL gemeinnützige GmbH. Accessed January 2016.
32. Nikolas Davies, Erkki Jokiniemi (2008). Dictionary of Architecture and Building Construction. Amsterdam; Boston; London: Elsevier/Architectural Press. ISBN 9780750685023.
33. "Tea green / Caparol 28/11 / #d0f0c0 Hex Color Code". encycolorpedia.com.
34. I. Patterson, A Dictionary of Colour, Thorogood, 2003, ISBN 1-85418-247-1, page 381. "tea green – The greyish green of green tea."
35. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 205; Color Sample of Tea Green: Page 65 Plate 21 Color Sample C2
36. The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called emerald green in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color emerald green is displayed on page 75, Plate 26, Color Sample J10.
37. St. Clair, Kassia (2016). The Secret Lives of Colour. London: John Murray. pp. 220–221. ISBN 9781473630819. OCLC 936144129.
38. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 194; Color Sample of Emerald: Page 75 Plate 26 Color Sample J10
39. Chandraseekaran, Rajiv Imperial Life in the Emerald City: Inside Iraq's Green Zone 2007
40. Regan, Trish (22 January 2009). "Pot growers thrive in Northern California: Cash crop now accounts for two-thirds of Mendocino County economy". CNBC.
41. "Pigments through the Ages - History - Emerald green". www.webexhibits.org. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
42. "Emerald Green or Paris Green, the Deadly Regency Pigment". Jane Austen's World. 5 March 2010. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
43. Wright, Jennifer (17 March 2017). "The History of Green Dye Is a History of Death". Racked. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
44. The color in the color box above matches the color called green earth in Derwent colored pencils.^{[citation needed]}
45. Green earth Colourlex. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
46. Green earth. Pigments through the Ages. www.webexhibits.com. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
47. "Colour Chart – Hooker's Green". Winsor & Newton. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
48. St. Clair, Kassia (2016). The Secret Lives of Colour. London: John Murray. p. 81. ISBN 9781473630819. OCLC 936144129.
49. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 162—Discussion of color Jade Green
50. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 197
51. The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called malachite in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color malachite green is displayed on page 79, Plate 28, Color Sample A9.
52. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 198; Color Sample of Malachite Green: Page 79 Plate 28 Color Sample A9
53. "Celadon / #ace1af Hex Color Code". Encycolorpedia.
54. Gompertz, G.St.G.M., Chinese Celadon Wares, p. 21, 1980 (2nd edn.), Faber & Faber, ISBN 057118003521
55. St. Clair, Kassia (2016). The Secret Lives of Colour. London: John Murray. pp. 232–233. ISBN 9781473630819. OCLC 936144129.
56. Dewar, Richard. (2002). Stoneware. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-1837-X, p. 42.
57. Vainker, S.J., Chinese Pottery and Porcelain, 1991, British Museum Press, 9780714114705, pp.53–55
58. . Archived from the original on 22 November 2012.
59. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 162—Discussion of color Hunter Green
60. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 196; Color Sample of Hunter Green Page Plate 24 Color Sample C11—Hunter Green
61. Andrews, Vincent (2010), The Leatherboy Handbook, The Nazca Plains Corp., ISBN 978-1-61098-046-3
62. Hankycode on gaycitiusa.com 2007-12-06 at the Wayback Machine access date 2012-03-30
63. Hankycode on leathernjonline.com access date 2010-03-30
64. Beam, Christopher (3 December 2010). "When did prisoners start dressing in orange?". Explainer (column). Slate. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
65. "Tribeca Citizen | Nosy Neighbor: Why Are Construction Fences Always Green?". Tribeca Citizen. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
66. "The Color India Green | Codes, Matching Paint, and More". Archived from the original on 27 August 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
67. "Islamic green / Caparol 34/05 / #009000 Hex Color Code". Encycolorpedia.
68. Kennedy, Hugh (2004). The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century (Second ed.). Harlow: Longman. pp. 152–153, 161. ISBN 978-0-582-40525-7.
69. "The MSU Brand – Design and Visual Identity". Michigan State University.
70. "The NDHU Brand Identity". National Dong Hwa University (in Chinese (Taiwan)).
71. "T003 - Designing the Flag of Pakistan - Takhleeq". Takhleeq.
72. . Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 6 March 2008.
73. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 201; color sample of Persian green: Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample H7
74. The source of this color is the ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Color Names (1955), a color dictionary used by stamp collectors to identify the colors of stamps, now on the Internet—see sample of the color Persian green (color sample #159) displayed on indicated web page: [1] 30 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine.
75. Type the words "Rifle green" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear. http://www.pantone.com/pages/pantone/colorfinder.aspx
76. The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called Rifle green in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color Rifle green is displayed on page 87, Plate 32, Color Sample A2.
77. "Pantone TPX Pantone Color Finder—Type the words "Rifle green" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear". pantone.com.
78. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill p. 203; Color Sample of Russian Green: p. 87 Plate 32 Color Sample A2
79. "Patten Report". BBC News.
80. . Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2012.
81. The color displayed in the color box above (color sample #136 on the ISCC-NBS color list) matches the color called Russian green in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color Russian green is displayed on page 83, Plate 30, Color Sample D7.
82. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 203; Color Sample of Russian Green: Page 83 Plate 30 Color Sample D7
83. . Channel NewsAsia. 11 March 2016. Archived from the original on 23 October 2017.