This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Chatra, Jharkhand.
Chatra district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhandstate, India. The district was formed after separation from Hazaribagh district in 1991. Chatra is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district covers an area of 3718 km2.[1]
In ancient period, the area covered by the present district and adjoining areas were ruled by a number of states, which were collectively known as the Atavika (forest) states. These states accepted the suzerainty of the Maurya empire during Ashoka's reign (c. 232 BCE). Samudragupta, while marching through the present-day Chotanagpur region, directed the first attack against the kingdom of Dakshina Kosala in the Mahanadi valley.[2]
Medieval period
During Muhammad bin Tughluq's reign, the territory which comprises the present district came in contact with the Delhi sultanate. Later, it became a part of the Bihar Subah of the Mughal empire. Daud Khan, the Mughal Subahdar of Bihar, during the reign of Aurangzeb occupied Kothi near Pokhri Fort on 5 May 1660, without much opposition, and then he moved towards the fort of Kunda which had a very strong fortification as it was situated on a hilltop. This fort was finally occupied by him and was completely destroyed on the 2 June 1660. Later, Kunda Fort was under the possession of the Raja of Ramgarh. In 1734, Aliwardi Khan advanced towards Kunda after defeating the rebel Zamindars of Tikari (Gaya). He mounted an attack on Chatra Fort and demolished it.[2]
British rule
The British East India Company came in contact with this region for the first time in 1769. Raja Rammohan Roy, worked as a serestadar at Chatra from 1805–06 and stayed both at Chatra and Ramgarh while in office.[2]
The most important battle fought between the insurgents and the British in Chotanagpur during the rebellion of 1857 was the "Battle of Chatra". This decisive battle was fought on 2 October 1857, near Phansi Talab. It lasted for an hour in which the mutineers were completely defeated. 56 European soldiers and officers were killed whereas 150 revolutionaries were killed and 77 were buried in a pit. Subedar Mangal Pandey and Nadir Ali Khan were sentenced and hanged to death on the 4 October 1857 on this very spot. The European and Sikh soldiers were buried in a well along with their arms and ammunitions. An inscriptive plaque which is still extant states:
"56 men of Her Majesty's 53rd Regiment of foot and a party of Sikhs were killed at Chatra on October 2nd 1857 in action against mutineers of the Ramgarh Battalion. Lieutenant J. C. C. Daunt of the 70th Bengal Native Infantry and sergeant D. Dynon of the 53rd regiment were awarded Victoria Cross for conspicuous gallantry in the battle, in which the mutineers were completely defeated and lost all their four guns and ammunitions.
At the same time, another inscription on the bank of the Phansi Talab immortalises the two revolutionary subedars,[2] namely, Mangal Pandey and Nadir Ali Khan.
Independence movement
The independence movement in this district gathered momentum in 1921. One of the most significant events of the Quit India Movement in 1942, was the escape of Jai Prakash Narayan along with six other from The Hazaribagh Central Jail on 9 November 1942 (the night of festival of Diwali). Jai Prakash Narayan came to Tatra (a village in this district )where he was at the home of panchkodi dubey, and then proceeded towards Sherghati en route to Varanasi. The notable participants in the independence movement from this district include Chotanagpur Kesri, Babu Ram Narayan Singh, and Babu Shaligram Singh.[2]
According to the 2011 census Chatra district has a population of 1,042,886,[6] roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus[7] or the US state of Rhode Island.[8] This gives it a ranking of 434rd in India (out of a total of 640).[6] The district has a population density of 280 inhabitants per square kilometre (730/sq mi) .[6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 28.98%.[6] Chatra has a sex ratio of 951 females for every 1000 males,[6] and a literacy rate of 60.18%. 6.04% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 32.65% and 4.37% of the population respectively.[6]
Hindus make up 86.6% of the population while Muslims make up 11.19%. Christianity makes up 0.63%, while other religions make up 1.58% of the population.[9]
In 2006, the Indian government named Chatra one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[11] It is one of the 21 districts in Jharkhand currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[11]
The MLA for Chatra is Shatya nand Bhogta (RJD), while the MLA of Simaria is Ganesh Ganjhu (BJP).
Tourism
Mother Bhadrakali in a Temple in Chatra district
The district of Chatra, gateway of Jharkhand has a number of picnic spots and fountains, waterfalls and flora and fauna. Some of the tourist spots of Chatra include:
Bhadrakali temple:- It is at Itkhori, 35 km on the East of Chatra and 16 km west of Chauparan connected with Grand Trunk Road. Along with the temple situated on the bank of river Mahanad (Mahane) surrounded by hill and forest, there is a water reservoir.
Kunda Cave:- The ruins of old Kunda palace are still found at a distance of about three-four miles from the present Kunda Village. The place might have been created either towards the end of 17th or beginning of the 18th century AD.[citation needed]
Tamasin:- Word tamasin is a sandhi of 'tam+asin' which means 'darkness prevails '. This area has mixed forest having high trees making the area dark even in the daylight. Tamasin has a waterfall.
Besides these there are a number of waterfalls in Chatra.[12]
Maa Kauleswary Temple: - Maa Kauleswary Mandir is situated near Hunterganj block in Kedli kalan village. It is approx 10 km from Hunterganj and the temple is situated on the hill which has 650 feet height. A Budha temple is also situated on Kuleswary hill and every year thousands of visitor are coming to visit the temples and natural environment of this area also.[citation needed]
^ abMinistry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
^. Chatra district website. Archived from the original on 2009-10-07.
chatra, district, this, article, about, district, eponymous, headquarters, chatra, jharkhand, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged. This article is about the district For its eponymous headquarters see Chatra Jharkhand This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Chatra district news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2008 Learn how and when to remove this template message Chatra district is one of the twenty four districts of Jharkhand state India The district was formed after separation from Hazaribagh district in 1991 Chatra is the administrative headquarters of this district The district covers an area of 3718 km2 1 Chatra districtDistrict of JharkhandLocation of Chatra district in JharkhandCountry IndiaStateJharkhandDivisionNorth Chotanagpur divisionEstablished29 05 1991HeadquartersChatra JharkhandGovernment District CollectorAbu Imran IAS Lok Sabha constituenciesChatra shared with Palamu and Latehar districts MPSunil Kumar Singh BJP Vidhan Sabha constituencies2Area Total3 718 km2 1 436 sq mi Population 2011 Total1 042 886 Density280 km2 730 sq mi Urban05 31Demographics Literacy65 4 Sex ratio951Time zoneUTC 05 30 IST Vehicle registrationJH 13Major highwaysNH22 NH522Websitehttp chatra nic in Contents 1 History 1 1 Ancient period 1 2 Medieval period 1 3 British rule 1 3 1 Independence movement 1 4 Post independence 2 Administration 2 1 Blocks Mandals 3 Demographics 4 Economy 5 Politics 6 Tourism 7 References 8 External linksHistory EditAncient period Edit In ancient period the area covered by the present district and adjoining areas were ruled by a number of states which were collectively known as the Atavika forest states These states accepted the suzerainty of the Maurya empire during Ashoka s reign c 232 BCE Samudragupta while marching through the present day Chotanagpur region directed the first attack against the kingdom of Dakshina Kosala in the Mahanadi valley 2 Medieval period Edit During Muhammad bin Tughluq s reign the territory which comprises the present district came in contact with the Delhi sultanate Later it became a part of the Bihar Subah of the Mughal empire Daud Khan the Mughal Subahdar of Bihar during the reign of Aurangzeb occupied Kothi near Pokhri Fort on 5 May 1660 without much opposition and then he moved towards the fort of Kunda which had a very strong fortification as it was situated on a hilltop This fort was finally occupied by him and was completely destroyed on the 2 June 1660 Later Kunda Fort was under the possession of the Raja of Ramgarh In 1734 Aliwardi Khan advanced towards Kunda after defeating the rebel Zamindars of Tikari Gaya He mounted an attack on Chatra Fort and demolished it 2 British rule Edit The British East India Company came in contact with this region for the first time in 1769 Raja Rammohan Roy worked as a serestadar at Chatra from 1805 06 and stayed both at Chatra and Ramgarh while in office 2 The most important battle fought between the insurgents and the British in Chotanagpur during the rebellion of 1857 was the Battle of Chatra This decisive battle was fought on 2 October 1857 near Phansi Talab It lasted for an hour in which the mutineers were completely defeated 56 European soldiers and officers were killed whereas 150 revolutionaries were killed and 77 were buried in a pit Subedar Mangal Pandey and Nadir Ali Khan were sentenced and hanged to death on the 4 October 1857 on this very spot The European and Sikh soldiers were buried in a well along with their arms and ammunitions An inscriptive plaque which is still extant states 56 men of Her Majesty s 53rd Regiment of foot and a party of Sikhs were killed at Chatra on October 2nd 1857 in action against mutineers of the Ramgarh Battalion Lieutenant J C C Daunt of the 70th Bengal Native Infantry and sergeant D Dynon of the 53rd regiment were awarded Victoria Cross for conspicuous gallantry in the battle in which the mutineers were completely defeated and lost all their four guns and ammunitions At the same time another inscription on the bank of the Phansi Talab immortalises the two revolutionary subedars 2 namely Mangal Pandey and Nadir Ali Khan Independence movement Edit The independence movement in this district gathered momentum in 1921 One of the most significant events of the Quit India Movement in 1942 was the escape of Jai Prakash Narayan along with six other from The Hazaribagh Central Jail on 9 November 1942 the night of festival of Diwali Jai Prakash Narayan came to Tatra a village in this district where he was at the home of panchkodi dubey and then proceeded towards Sherghati en route to Varanasi The notable participants in the independence movement from this district include Chotanagpur Kesri Babu Ram Narayan Singh and Babu Shaligram Singh 2 Post independence Edit The district is currently a part of the Red Corridor 3 Administration EditThe territory covered by the present district was earlier known as Chatra sub division of Hazaribagh district 4 Blocks Mandals Edit Chatra district consists of 10 Blocks The following are the list of the Blocks in Chatra district Subdivisions BlocksChatra Chatra Hunterganj Itkhori Kanhachatti Kunda Mayurhand PratappurSimaria Simaria Gidhour Lawalong Pathalgada TandwaDemographics EditHistorical populationYearPop p a 1901144 844 1911158 450 0 90 1921157 016 0 09 1931186 577 1 74 1941215 348 1 44 1951238 203 1 01 1961293 395 2 11 1971371 268 2 38 1981472 049 2 43 1991623 979 2 83 2001808 135 2 62 20111 042 886 2 58 source 5 According to the 2011 census Chatra district has a population of 1 042 886 6 roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus 7 or the US state of Rhode Island 8 This gives it a ranking of 434rd in India out of a total of 640 6 The district has a population density of 280 inhabitants per square kilometre 730 sq mi 6 Its population growth rate over the decade 2001 2011 was 28 98 6 Chatra has a sex ratio of 951 females for every 1000 males 6 and a literacy rate of 60 18 6 04 of the population lives in urban areas Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 32 65 and 4 37 of the population respectively 6 Religions in Chatra district 2011 9 Religion PercentHinduism 86 60 Islam 11 19 Sarna 1 24 Christianity 0 63 Other or not stated 0 34 Hindus make up 86 6 of the population while Muslims make up 11 19 Christianity makes up 0 63 while other religions make up 1 58 of the population 9 Languages of Chatra district 2011 10 Khortha 39 71 Hindi 39 21 Magahi 12 47 Urdu 5 47 Kurukh 1 72 Others 1 42 At the time of the 2011 Census of India 39 71 of the population in the district spoke Khortha 39 21 Hindi 12 47 Magahi 5 47 Urdu and 1 72 Kurukh as their first language 10 Economy EditIn 2006 the Indian government named Chatra one of the country s 250 most backward districts out of a total of 640 11 It is one of the 21 districts in Jharkhand currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme BRGF 11 Politics EditThis section is transcluded from 5th Jharkhand Assembly edit history No Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks26 Simaria Kishun Kumar Das Bharatiya Janata Party NDA27 Chatra Satyanand Bhogta Rashtriya Janata Dal UPA Cabinet MinisterChatra has two assembly constituencies Chatra and Simaria Both are part of Chatra Lok Sabha ConstituencyThe MP from Chatra is Sunil Kumar Singh from the Bharatiya Janata Party The MLA for Chatra is Shatya nand Bhogta RJD while the MLA of Simaria is Ganesh Ganjhu BJP Tourism Edit Mother Bhadrakali in a Temple in Chatra district The district of Chatra gateway of Jharkhand has a number of picnic spots and fountains waterfalls and flora and fauna Some of the tourist spots of Chatra include Bhadrakali temple It is at Itkhori 35 km on the East of Chatra and 16 km west of Chauparan connected with Grand Trunk Road Along with the temple situated on the bank of river Mahanad Mahane surrounded by hill and forest there is a water reservoir Kunda Cave The ruins of old Kunda palace are still found at a distance of about three four miles from the present Kunda Village The place might have been created either towards the end of 17th or beginning of the 18th century AD citation needed Tamasin Word tamasin is a sandhi of tam asin which means darkness prevails This area has mixed forest having high trees making the area dark even in the daylight Tamasin has a waterfall Besides these there are a number of waterfalls in Chatra 12 Maa Kauleswary Temple Maa Kauleswary Mandir is situated near Hunterganj block in Kedli kalan village It is approx 10 km from Hunterganj and the temple is situated on the hill which has 650 feet height A Budha temple is also situated on Kuleswary hill and every year thousands of visitor are coming to visit the temples and natural environment of this area also citation needed References Edit Chatra district info a b c d e History Chatra district website Archived from the original on 2010 05 10 Retrieved 2009 08 23 83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme IntelliBriefs 2009 12 11 Retrieved 2011 09 17 Profile Chatra district website Archived from the original on 2012 02 15 Table A 02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901 Jharkhand PDF census gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India a b c d e f District Census Handbook Chatra PDF censusindia gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India 2011 US Directorate of Intelligence Country Comparison Population Archived from the original on June 13 2007 Retrieved 2011 10 01 Cyprus 1 120 489 July 2011 est 2010 Resident Population Data U S Census Bureau Archived from the original on 2013 10 19 Retrieved 2011 09 30 Rhode Island 1 052 567 a b Table C 01 Population By Religion Jharkhand census gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India a b Table C 16 Population by Mother Tongue Jharkhand censusindia gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj September 8 2009 A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme PDF National Institute of Rural Development Archived from the original PDF on April 5 2012 Retrieved September 27 2011 Tourist attractions in Chatra District Jharkhand Chatra district website Archived from the original on 2009 10 07 External links EditOfficial district website Coordinates 24 12 00 N 84 52 12 E 24 20000 N 84 87000 E 24 20000 84 87000 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Chatra district amp oldid 1149097510, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
