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Wikipedia

Censorship of YouTube

March 22, 2023

For censorship by YouTube itself, see Censorship by YouTube.

The video-sharing platform YouTube is the second-most popular website as of August 2019, according to Alexa Internet.[1] According to the company's press page, YouTube has more than one billion users, and each day, those users watch more than one billion hours of video.[2] Censorship of it has occurred and continues to occur to varying degrees in most countries throughout the world.

Availability of YouTube as of August 2022:
  Has local YouTube version
  Accessible
  Currently blocked
  Previously blocked

General

YouTube blocking occurs for a variety of reasons including:[3]

  • Preventing criticism of a ruler, government, government officials, religion, or religious leaders;
  • Preventing videos promoting racism;
  • Violations of national laws, including:
  • Preventing access to videos judged to be inappropriate for youth;
  • Businesses, schools, government agencies, and other private institutions often block social media sites, including YouTube, due to bandwidth limitations and the site's potential for distraction.[3]

In some countries YouTube is completely blocked, either through a long-term standing ban or for more limited periods of time such as during periods of unrest, the run-up to an election, or in response to upcoming political anniversaries. In other countries, access to the website as a whole remains open, but access to specific videos is blocked due to many reasons including orders from country jurisdiction. In both cases, a VPN is usually deployed to bypass geographical restrictions. In cases where the entire site is banned due to one particular video, YouTube will often agree to remove or limit access to that video in order to restore service.[3]

As of September 2012, countries with standing national bans on YouTube include China, Iran, and Turkmenistan. Due to disputes between GEMA and YouTube over royalties, many videos featuring copyrighted songs were inaccessible in Germany. After an agreement was made between the companies in November 2016, these videos became accessible.[4][5]

YouTube's Terms of Service prohibit the posting of videos which violate copyrights or depict pornography, promoting racism, illegal acts, gratuitous violence, or hate speech. User-posted videos that violate such terms may be removed and replaced with a message stating: "This video is no longer available because its content violated YouTube's Terms of Service".[6][non-primary source needed] Additionally, Google reserves the right to terminate any account for any reason, with or without notice.[7]

YouTube offers an opt-in feature known as "Restricted Mode", which filters videos that might contain mature content.[8]

Countries where access to YouTube had been blocked before

Afghanistan

On September 12, 2012, YouTube was blocked in Afghanistan due to hosting the trailer to the controversial film about Muhammad, Innocence of Muslims, which the authorities considered to be blasphemous.[9] YouTube was later unblocked in Afghanistan on December 1 of the same year.[10]

Armenia

Following the disputed February 2008 presidential elections, the Armenian government blocked Internet users' access to YouTube for a month. The Armenian opposition had used the website to publicize video of alleged police brutality against anti-government protesters.[11][12]

Bangladesh

In March 2009, YouTube was blocked in Bangladesh after a recording of an alleged meeting between the prime minister and army officers was posted revealing anger by the military on how the government was handling a mutiny by border guards in Dhaka.[13] The block was lifted on March 21.[14]

On September 17, 2012, YouTube was banned for the second time following the controversies regarding the promotional videos for Innocence of Muslims.[15] On June 5, 2013, the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission lifted the ban.[16]

Brazil

In January 2007, YouTube was sued by Brazilian model and MTV VJ Daniella Cicarelli (the ex-fiancée of football player Ronaldo) and her boyfriend due to the fact that the website hosted a video recorded paparazzi in which she and her boyfriend were having sexual intercourse on a Spanish beach; the video did not contain explicit content. The lawsuit asked that YouTube will be blocked in Brazil until all copies of the video were removed. On Saturday, January 6, 2007, a legal injunction ordered that filters be put in place to prevent users in Brazil from accessing the website.[17]

The effectiveness of the measure was questioned, since the video was available not only on YouTube, but also on other sites as part of an Internet phenomenon. On Tuesday, January 9, 2007, the same court overturned its previous decision, allowing the filters to be removed. The video footage itself remained banned and was to be removed from the website.[18]

In June 2007, a judge ordered Cicarelli and her boyfriend to pay all court and lawyer costs, as well as R$10,000 (roughly US$3,203) to the three defendants—YouTube, Globo, and iG, citing a lack of good faith in pushing the privacy case when their actions took place in public.[19]

Denmark

Access to music on YouTube was blocked in July 2020, following a dispute between YouTube and the rights society KODA over royalty fees.[20][21]

On October 1, 2020, YouTube and Polaris Nordic (which represents KODA, Sweden's STIM, and Norway's TONO) signed a new contract, bringing music by Danish songwriters back onto the website.[22]

Finland

On November 30, 2017, most YouTube videos containing music seemed to be blocked by Finnish nonprofit performance rights organization Teosto in Finland. According to them, Google blocked the videos because they did not have an agreement to show music videos in Finland. According to Teosto, they and Google have made a temporary agreement to show the videos in the morning of November 30. The music videos started to return to YouTube in Finland later that day.[23][24]

Germany

Blocking of YouTube videos in 2009 until 2016
Main article: Blocking of YouTube videos in Germany

The blocking of YouTube videos in Germany on copyright grounds was part of a dispute between YouTube and the Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungs- und mechanische Vervielfältigungsrechte (Society for Musical Performing and Mechanical Reproduction Rights – GEMA), a performance rights organization in Germany.

According to a German court in Hamburg, Google's subsidiary YouTube can be held liable for damages when it hosts copyrighted videos without the copyright holder's permission.[25] As a result, music videos for major label artists on YouTube, as well as many videos containing background music, were unavailable in Germany since the end of March 2009 after the previous agreement had expired and negotiations for a new license agreement were stopped. On October 31, 2016, YouTube and GEMA reached an agreement over royalties, ending a seven-year-long battle of blocking music videos in Germany.[26]

Live streaming in 2016

On November 23, 2016,[27][28] the German Kommission für Zulassung und Aufsicht (Commission for Authorization and Supervision), which is formed by representatives of German public broadcast stations, required PietSmiet & Co., a German let's-player operating his own YouTube channel to get a German broadcast license by April 30, 2017,[29] or else be regarded as an illegal pirate radio broadcaster for livestreaming, even when no radio spectrum use is included. Some YouTubers, even non profit, might fail at the expensive fee for applying a license.[30] On April 30, 2017, the livestreaming channel PietSmietTV went offline. The channel PietSmiet remained online due not providing 24/7 streaming. The channel was mentioned in a requirement of a license.[31]

Pending parliamentary resolution in 2019

The Article 17 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market is feared and criticized as censorship, mandatory for all countries of the European Union within two years if adopted.[32][33][34]

Indonesia

On April 1, 2008, Indonesian information minister Muhammad Nuh asked YouTube to remove Fitna, a controversial film made by Dutch right-wing politician Geert Wilders. The government allowed two days for the removal of the video or YouTube would be blocked in the country.[35] On April 4, following YouTube's failure to remove the video, Nuh asked all Internet service providers to block access to YouTube.[36] On April 5, YouTube was briefly blocked for testing by one ISP.[37] On April 8, YouTube, along with MySpace, Metacafe, RapidShare, Multiply, LiveLeak, and Fitna's official site, were blocked in Indonesia on all ISPs.[38] The blocking of YouTube was subsequently lifted on April 10. There may still have been some blocking in May 2008 according to local inhabitants.[citation needed]

Libya

On January 24, 2010, Libya permanently blocked YouTube after it featured videos of demonstrations in the Libyan city of Benghazi by families of detainees who were killed in Abu Salim prison in 1996, as well as videos of family members of Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi at parties.[citation needed] The ban was condemned by Human Rights Watch.[39] In November 2011, after the Libyan Civil War, YouTube was once again allowed in Libya,[40] but did not launch a local version of the site until early 2015.

Malaysia

In May 2013, videos critical of the Malaysian government were blocked from YouTube in Malaysia despite the government's promises not to censor the internet. Analysis of the network traffic shows that the ISPs were scanning the headers of the users and actively blocking requests to the YouTube video according to the video key.[41][42]

Morocco

On May 25, 2007, the state-owned Maroc Telecom ISP blocked all access to YouTube.[43] Officially, no reasons were given as to why YouTube was blocked, but speculations were that it may have been due to videos posted by the pro-separatist Polisario, Western Sahara's independence movement, or due to videos criticizing King Mohammed VI. The ban did not affect the other two ISPs in the country, Wana (now Inwi) and Méditel (now Orange Maroc). The blocking of YouTube on Maroc Telecom was lifted May 30, 2007, after Maroc Telecom unofficially announced that the denied access to the website was a mere "technical glitch".[44]

Pakistan

In February 2008, the Pakistani Telecommunications Authority (PTA) blocked access to YouTube on Pakistani ISPs, allegedly because of "blasphemous" videos of Dutch politician Geert Wilders. However, the PTA's block inadvertently knocked out access to YouTube worldwide for two hours on February 25, 2008.[45] Pakistan Telecom had broadcast to other ISPs in the Pacific Rim the false claim that it was the correct route for the addresses in YouTube's IP space.[46] It was suggested by some Pakistani websites, blogs, and by electoral process watchdog groups at the time that the block was imposed largely to distract viewers from videos alleging vote-rigging by the ruling MQM party in the February 2008 general elections.[47][48] Allegations of suppressing vote-rigging videos by the Musharraf administration were also leveled by Pakistani bloggers, newspapers, media, and Pakistani anti-Musharraf opposition parties.[49][50] YouTube was unblocked on February 27, 2008, after the allegedly blasphemous videos were removed.[51]

On May 20, 2010, which was Everybody Draw Mohammed Day, Pakistan again blocked the website in a bid to contain "blasphemous" material.[52] The ban was lifted on May 27, 2010, after the website removed the objectionable content from its servers at the request of the government. However, individual videos deemed offensive to Muslims that are posted on YouTube will continue to be blocked.[53][54]

On September 17, 2012, the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) ordered access to YouTube blocked, after the website failed to remove the trailer of the controversial Innocence of Muslims, and eventually resulting in a ban due to YouTube's noncompliance.[55]

Bytes for All, a Pakistani non-profit organization, filed a constitutional challenge to the ban through their counsel Yasser Latif Hamdani in the Lahore High Court. This is an ongoing case and is commonly known as the YouTube case.[56]

On December 11, 2013, it was announced by the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority that they had convinced Google's management to offer a local "https://www.youtube.com.pk" version to Pakistan, as it would be easy for the local authorities to remove "objectionable" material from a local version as compared to the global version of YouTube. However, it would only be offered after the Pakistani government fulfilled some of the undisclosed requirements.[57]

During the ban a video was released called "Kholo BC" by rappers Adil Omar and Ali Gul Pir opposing the ban.[58] The video went viral and thousands of people supported that the ban is due to political interest.[57]

On April 21, 2014, Pakistan's Senate Standing Committee on Human Rights approved a resolution to lift the ban on YouTube.[59]

On May 6, 2014, the National Assembly unanimously adopted a non-binding resolution to lift the ban,[60] but as of August 2, 2014 it was still in effect.[61] [needs update] The ban was lifted due to a technical glitch on December 6, 2015, according to ISPs in Pakistan.[62]

As of January 18, 2016, the ban has been officially lifted, as YouTube has launched a local version of the site for Pakistan.

On November 25, 2017, the NetBlocks internet measurement platform and Digital Rights Foundation collected evidence of nationwide blocking of YouTube alongside other social media services, imposed by the government in response to the violent Tehreek-e-Labaik protests.[63][64][65] The technical investigation found that many, but not all, major Pakistani fixed-line and mobile service providers implemented the YouTube restriction which was lifted by the PTA the following day when protests abated after the resignation of Minister for Law and Justice Zahid Hamid.[66]

Russia

See also: Internet censorship in Russia

The video claiming responsibility for the 2010 Moscow Metro bombings, which quickly gained 800,000 views in four days, was removed, along with all videos of Doku Umarov. Additionally, it turned out that over 300 videos from the Kavkaz Center were removed for having "inappropriate content." Russia was claimed to have pressured YouTube to take such measures.[67]

On July 28, 2010, a court in the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur ordered a local ISP to block access to youtube.com, web.archive.org, and several other websites offering books for downloads, citing extremist materials as the reason.[68] The order was not enforced and was later reversed.[69] YouTube is now available in Russia.[citation needed]

On September 4, 2017, Roskomnadzor announced their intention to delete a video released by a popular YouTube channel Nemagia in which bloggers Alexey Pskovitin and Mikhail Pecherskiy described unscrupulous business strategies by Tinkoff Bank.[70]

In February 2019, as a result of a complaint received by Roskomnadzor, YouTube has demanded that the Ukrainian Centre for Journalist Investigations remove a video about Emir-Usein Kuku, a Crimean Tatar 'human rights defender' who has been arrested by Russian authorities in 2016.[71]

In September 2021, YouTube blocked two German-language channels run by a Russian state-backed media company RT stating they spread misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines. In return, Roskomnadzor threatened to block the service in the country or fine Google unless the restrictions are lifted.[72]

In March 2022, YouTube started showing its users ads with calls to disable Russian railroad communications. As a result, Roskomnadzor contacted Google and demanded the company to stop the threats against Russia.[73]

South Korea

At the request of the South Korean government, Google removed about 54,000 pieces of content.[74] Not only that, but the government-critical videos that are difficult to delete are ruined by making them recommended to the area that has nothing to do with the video.[75]

Sudan

The Sudanese authorities blocked YouTube on April 21, 2010, following the 2010 presidential election, and also blocked YouTube's owner Google. The block was in response to a YouTube video appearing to show National Electoral Commission workers in official uniforms and a child in the Hamashkoreib region filling out voting strips and putting them into ballot boxes, with one of them expressing relief that the voting period had been extended for them to finish their work. Sudan had previously blocked YouTube temporarily in 2008 for unknown reasons.[76]

On September 17, 2012, YouTube was banned again by National Telecommunication Corporation for not removing Innocence of Muslims, a controversial anti-Islamic film. However, the block was later lifted.[77]

Syria

See also: Internet censorship in Syria

In multiple instances YouTube access was blocked in Syria by the Syrian government and blackouts caused by the Syrian civil war.

YouTube has been blocked in August 2007 after videos were circulated denouncing the crackdown on the Kurd minority. In February 2011 Syria lifted their block of YouTube and other social media services.[78][79]

Tajikistan

In July 2012, the Tajik authorities blocked YouTube in response to uploaded videos showing protests against militant clashes. Eight days later, the ban was lifted.[citation needed]

In the same year, the Tajik government blocked the website again, this time because of videos depicting the president Emomali Rakhmon which were deemed to be offensive to the government.[80]

In 2013, Tajikistan blocked YouTube for a third time because of a video which depicts President Rakhmon dancing and singing out of tune at his son's wedding party in 2007.[81]

On June 9, 2014, YouTube briefly became inaccessible for an unknown reason. Beg Zuhurov, chief of Tajikistan's State Communications Service, claimed that this was due to "technical problems".[82]

On August 25, 2015, YouTube was once again blocked by certain ISPs following an order from the State Communications Service.[83] The block was not lifted until mid-2017.[84]

On May 23, 2019, after the President of Tajikistan criticized the internet for "bolstering terrorism", Tajik authorities extended the blockages of all Google resources, including YouTube. However, the ban was later lifted.[85]

Thailand

See also: Bhumibol Adulyadej § Internet blocking measures

In 2006, Thailand blocked access to YouTube for users with Thai IP addresses. Thai authorities identified 20 offensive videos and demanded that Google remove them before it would allow unblocking of all YouTube content.[86]

During the week of March 8, 2007, YouTube was blocked in Thailand.[87] Although no official explanation was given for the ban, many bloggers believed the reason for the blocking was a video of former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra's speech on CNN. YouTube was unblocked on March 10, 2007.

On the night of April 3, 2007, YouTube was again blocked in Thailand.[88] The government cited a video on the site that it called "insulting" to King Bhumibol Adulyadej.[89][90] However, the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology said that it would unblock YouTube in a few days, after websites containing references to this video are blocked as opposed to the entire website.[91] Communications Minister Sitthichai Pokai-udom said, "When they decide to withdraw the clip, we will withdraw the ban."[92] Shortly after this incident the Internet technology blog Mashable was blocked from Thailand over the reporting of the YouTube clips in question.[93] YouTube was unblocked on August 30, 2007, after YouTube reportedly agreed to block videos deemed offensive by Thai authorities.[94]

On September 21, 2007, Thai authorities announced they were seeking a court order to block videos that had appeared on YouTube accusing Privy Council president Prem Tinsulanonda of attempting to manipulate the royal succession to make himself Thailand's king.[95]

Tunisia

YouTube was blocked in Tunisia for several years before the 2011 Tunisian Revolution.[96][97][98]

Turkey

 
This error message was shown when attempting to access YouTube in Turkey between May 5, 2008, to October 30, 2010. It translates to: The decision of the Ankara 1st Criminal Court of Peace on this website (youtube.com) within the scope of the PROTECTION MEASURE dated 05.05.2008 and numbered 2008/402 is implemented by the Directorate of Telecommunication Communication.

Turkish courts have ordered blocks on access to the YouTube website.[99] This first occurred when Türk Telekom blocked the site in compliance with decision 2007/384 issued by the Istanbul 1st Criminal Court of Peace (Sulh Ceza Mahkeme) on March 6, 2007. The court decision was based on videos insulting Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in an escalation of what the Turkish media referred to as a "virtual war" of insults between Greek, Armenian, and Turkish YouTube members.[86][100][101][102] YouTube was sued for "insulting Turkishness"[103] and access to the site was suspended pending the removal of the video. YouTube lawyers sent proof of the video's removal to the Istanbul public prosecutor and access was restored on March 9, 2007.[104] However, other videos similarly deemed insulting were repeatedly posted, and several staggered bans followed, issued by different courts:

  • the Sivas 2nd Criminal Court of Peace on September 18, 2007, and again (by decision 2008/11) on January 16, 2008;
  • the Ankara 12th Criminal Court of Peace on January 17, 2008 (decision 2008/55);[105]
  • the Ankara 1st Criminal Court of Peace on March 12, 2008 (decision 2008/251);
  • the Ankara 11th Criminal Court of Peace on April 24, 2008 (decision 2008/468).
  • the Ankara 5th Criminal Court of Peace on April 30, 2008 (decision 2008/599);
  • again, the Ankara 1st Criminal Court of Peace on May 5, 2008 (decision 2008/402);
  • again, the Ankara 11th Criminal Court of Peace on June 6, 2008 (decision 2008/624).
  • again, based on "administrative measures" without court order following corruption scandal, relating several governmental officials including Prime Minister Erdoğan on March 27, 2014,

The block in accordance with court decision 2008/468 of the Ankara 11th Criminal Court of Peace issued on April 24, 2008, which cited that YouTube had not acquired a certificate of authorization in Turkey, was not implemented by Türk Telekom until May 5, 2008.

Although YouTube was officially banned in Turkey, the website was still accessible by modifying connection parameters to use alternative DNS servers, and it was the eighth most popular website in Turkey according to Alexa records.[106] Responding to criticisms of the courts' bans, in November 2008 the Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan stated "I do access the site. Go ahead and do the same."[107]

In June 2010, Turkey's president Abdullah Gül used his Twitter account to express disapproval of the country's blocking of YouTube, which also affected access from Turkey to many Google services. Gül said he had instructed officials to find legal ways of allowing access.[108]

Turkey lifted the ban on October 30, 2010.[109] In November 2010, a video of the Turkish politician Deniz Baykal caused the site to be blocked again briefly, and the site was threatened with a new shutdown if it did not remove the video.[110][111]

On March 27, 2014, Turkey banned YouTube again. This time, they did so many hours after a video was posted there claiming to depict Turkey's foreign minister, spy chief, and a top general discussing scenarios that could lead to their country's military attacking jihadist militants in Syria.[112] The ban was ordered to be lifted by a series of court rulings, starting April 9, 2014, but Turkey defied the court orders and kept access to YouTube blocked.[113][114] On May 29 the Constitutional Court of Turkey ruled that the block violated the constitutional right to freedom of expression and ordered that YouTube access be restored.[115]

As of the morning of June 1, 2014, access to YouTube remained blocked in Turkey.[116] But during the day, access appeared to have been restored[citation needed].

On April 6, 2015, YouTube was again briefly blocked, alongside Facebook and Twitter, due to the widespread posting of footage of a prosecutor killed during a hostage crisis.[117]

On December 23, 2016, YouTube again became briefly inaccessible in Turkey according to reports validated by internet monitoring group Turkey Blocks after footage that allegedly showed the immolation of Turkish soldiers by jihadists was shared on the site.[118][119] The site is now accessible again as of December 25.[citation needed]

United Arab Emirates

The UAE's Telecom Regulatory Authority (TRA) briefly blocked YouTube from August 2006 to October 2006 due to increasing concerns regarding the presence of adult content in the website. According to the TRA, the block was done due to YouTube not categorizing and separating adult pornographic content from normal content.[120] The ban was lifted in October 2006.[121]

Uzbekistan

YouTube access in Uzbekistan has been heavily censored for an unknown reason since October 15, 2018.[122][123]

Venezuela

See also: Censorship and media control during the Venezuelan presidential crisis
 
NetBlocks showing blocks of Instagram, Twitter and YouTube on January 21, 2019

During the Venezuelan presidential crisis of 2019, YouTube has been heavily censored regularly by Venezuela's state-owned internet service provider, CANTV. The blocking of YouTube and social media websites by the Venezuelan government were intended to suppress information relating to Juan Guaidó and the pro-opposition National Assembly. This mainly affects the access of streaming platforms like Periscope, YouTube, Bing, and other Google services.[124][125][126][127][128]

On January 21, 2019, the day of a Bolivarian National Guard rebellion in the Cotiza neighborhood of Caracas, internet access to some social media websites, including YouTube was reported to be blocked for CANTV users. The Venezuelan government denied it had engaged in blocking.[129]

During the Venezuela Aid Live concert on February 22, access to YouTube was blocked for CANTV users during the concert,[130] alongside National Geographic and Antena 3 that were removed from cable and satellite TV for broadcasting the concert.[131] Guaidó speech during the February 23 entry of the humanitarian aid, YouTube was blocked.[132]

The longest block of YouTube to date started during a National Assembly session on March 6, lasting 20 hours.[133][134]

The YouTube live stream of the press conference of US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Colombian President Iván Duque Márquez on April 15, 2019, was disrupted for CANTV users.[135]

The YouTube restrictions returned with the return of the protests on November 16.[136]

Countries where access to YouTube is currently blocked

China (excluding Hong Kong and Macau)

See also: Internet censorship in China

YouTube was first blocked in China for over five months from October 16, 2007[137] to March 22, 2008.[138]

It was blocked again from March 24, 2009, although a Foreign Ministry spokesperson would neither confirm nor deny whether YouTube had been blocked.[139] Since then, YouTube has been inaccessible from Mainland China.[140] However, YouTube can still be accessed from Hong Kong, Macau, the Shanghai Free Trade Zone, specific hotels, and by using a VPN.[141] Since 2018, when the term "YouTube" is searched on Baidu, the following message is displayed: "According to local regulations and policies, some results cannot be shown."

Even though YouTube is blocked under the Great Firewall, many Chinese media outlets, including China Central Television (CCTV), have official YouTube accounts. In spite of the ban, Alexa ranks YouTube as the 5th most visited website in China.[142]

Eritrea

Main article: Internet in Eritrea

YouTube has been intermittently blocked in Eritrea since 2011 by some ISPs, although a spokesperson for Freedom House speculated this was due to bandwidth considerations.[143]

Iran

See also: Internet censorship in Iran
 
Iranian exhibition YouTube written on mockup Jamarat

On December 3, 2006, Iran temporarily blocked access to YouTube and several other sites, after declaring them as violators of social and moral codes of conduct. The YouTube block came after a video was posted online that appeared to show an Iranian soap opera star having sex.[144] The block was later lifted and then reinstated after Iran's 2009 presidential election.[145] In 2012, Iran reblocked access, along with access to Google, after the controversial film Innocence of Muslims trailer was released on YouTube.[146]

On January 17, 2016, some users reported that the website was unblocked,[citation needed] although the site was blocked again on January 20, 2016. Some startups, television shows, celebrities, and reformist politicians such as Khatami use this website.

North Korea

See also: Censorship in North Korea § Internet policies

YouTube is blocked in North Korea because of the country's laws regarding the Internet and its accessibility. It has been fully blocked since April 2016, and the North Korean government has warned that anyone who tries to access it is subject to punishment.[147]

Turkmenistan

On December 25, 2009, for security reasons, YouTube was blocked in Turkmenistan by the only ISP in the country, Turkmentelecom. Other websites, such as LiveJournal were also blocked.[148]

See also

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External links

  • YouTube Censored: A recent History by the OpenNet Initiative: an interactive map that shows a rough history of YouTube censorship since 2006.
  • "Free Speech in the Age of YouTube" in The New York Times, September 22, 2012
  • Google Transparency Report

March 22, 2023
censorship, youtube, censorship, youtube, itself, censorship, youtube, video, sharing, platform, youtube, second, most, popular, website, august, 2019, according, alexa, internet, according, company, press, page, youtube, more, than, billion, users, each, thos. For censorship by YouTube itself see Censorship by YouTube The video sharing platform YouTube is the second most popular website as of August 2019 according to Alexa Internet 1 According to the company s press page YouTube has more than one billion users and each day those users watch more than one billion hours of video 2 Censorship of it has occurred and continues to occur to varying degrees in most countries throughout the world Availability of YouTube as of August 2022 Has local YouTube version Accessible Currently blocked Previously blocked Contents 1 General 2 Countries where access to YouTube had been blocked before 2 1 Afghanistan 2 2 Armenia 2 3 Bangladesh 2 4 Brazil 2 5 Denmark 2 6 Finland 2 7 Germany 2 8 Indonesia 2 9 Libya 2 10 Malaysia 2 11 Morocco 2 12 Pakistan 2 13 Russia 2 14 South Korea 2 15 Sudan 2 16 Syria 2 17 Tajikistan 2 18 Thailand 2 19 Tunisia 2 20 Turkey 2 21 United Arab Emirates 2 22 Uzbekistan 2 23 Venezuela 3 Countries where access to YouTube is currently blocked 3 1 China excluding Hong Kong and Macau 3 2 Eritrea 3 3 Iran 3 4 North Korea 3 5 Turkmenistan 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksGeneral EditYouTube blocking occurs for a variety of reasons including 3 Preventing criticism of a ruler government government officials religion or religious leaders Preventing videos promoting racism Violations of national laws including Copyright and intellectual property protection laws Violations of hate speech ethics or morality based laws National security legislation Preventing access to videos judged to be inappropriate for youth Businesses schools government agencies and other private institutions often block social media sites including YouTube due to bandwidth limitations and the site s potential for distraction 3 In some countries YouTube is completely blocked either through a long term standing ban or for more limited periods of time such as during periods of unrest the run up to an election or in response to upcoming political anniversaries In other countries access to the website as a whole remains open but access to specific videos is blocked due to many reasons including orders from country jurisdiction In both cases a VPN is usually deployed to bypass geographical restrictions In cases where the entire site is banned due to one particular video YouTube will often agree to remove or limit access to that video in order to restore service 3 As of September 2012 countries with standing national bans on YouTube include China Iran and Turkmenistan Due to disputes between GEMA and YouTube over royalties many videos featuring copyrighted songs were inaccessible in Germany After an agreement was made between the companies in November 2016 these videos became accessible 4 5 YouTube s Terms of Service prohibit the posting of videos which violate copyrights or depict pornography promoting racism illegal acts gratuitous violence or hate speech User posted videos that violate such terms may be removed and replaced with a message stating This video is no longer available because its content violated YouTube s Terms of Service 6 non primary source needed Additionally Google reserves the right to terminate any account for any reason with or without notice 7 YouTube offers an opt in feature known as Restricted Mode which filters videos that might contain mature content 8 Countries where access to YouTube had been blocked before EditAfghanistan Edit On September 12 2012 YouTube was blocked in Afghanistan due to hosting the trailer to the controversial film about Muhammad Innocence of Muslims which the authorities considered to be blasphemous 9 YouTube was later unblocked in Afghanistan on December 1 of the same year 10 Armenia Edit Following the disputed February 2008 presidential elections the Armenian government blocked Internet users access to YouTube for a month The Armenian opposition had used the website to publicize video of alleged police brutality against anti government protesters 11 12 Bangladesh Edit In March 2009 YouTube was blocked in Bangladesh after a recording of an alleged meeting between the prime minister and army officers was posted revealing anger by the military on how the government was handling a mutiny by border guards in Dhaka 13 The block was lifted on March 21 14 On September 17 2012 YouTube was banned for the second time following the controversies regarding the promotional videos for Innocence of Muslims 15 On June 5 2013 the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission lifted the ban 16 Brazil Edit In January 2007 YouTube was sued by Brazilian model and MTV VJ Daniella Cicarelli the ex fiancee of football player Ronaldo and her boyfriend due to the fact that the website hosted a video recorded paparazzi in which she and her boyfriend were having sexual intercourse on a Spanish beach the video did not contain explicit content The lawsuit asked that YouTube will be blocked in Brazil until all copies of the video were removed On Saturday January 6 2007 a legal injunction ordered that filters be put in place to prevent users in Brazil from accessing the website 17 The effectiveness of the measure was questioned since the video was available not only on YouTube but also on other sites as part of an Internet phenomenon On Tuesday January 9 2007 the same court overturned its previous decision allowing the filters to be removed The video footage itself remained banned and was to be removed from the website 18 In June 2007 a judge ordered Cicarelli and her boyfriend to pay all court and lawyer costs as well as R 10 000 roughly US 3 203 to the three defendants YouTube Globo and iG citing a lack of good faith in pushing the privacy case when their actions took place in public 19 Denmark Edit Access to music on YouTube was blocked in July 2020 following a dispute between YouTube and the rights society KODA over royalty fees 20 21 On October 1 2020 YouTube and Polaris Nordic which represents KODA Sweden s STIM and Norway s TONO signed a new contract bringing music by Danish songwriters back onto the website 22 Finland Edit On November 30 2017 most YouTube videos containing music seemed to be blocked by Finnish nonprofit performance rights organization Teosto in Finland According to them Google blocked the videos because they did not have an agreement to show music videos in Finland According to Teosto they and Google have made a temporary agreement to show the videos in the morning of November 30 The music videos started to return to YouTube in Finland later that day 23 24 Germany Edit Blocking of YouTube videos in 2009 until 2016Main article Blocking of YouTube videos in Germany The blocking of YouTube videos in Germany on copyright grounds was part of a dispute between YouTube and the Gesellschaft fur musikalische Auffuhrungs und mechanische Vervielfaltigungsrechte Society for Musical Performing and Mechanical Reproduction Rights GEMA a performance rights organization in Germany According to a German court in Hamburg Google s subsidiary YouTube can be held liable for damages when it hosts copyrighted videos without the copyright holder s permission 25 As a result music videos for major label artists on YouTube as well as many videos containing background music were unavailable in Germany since the end of March 2009 after the previous agreement had expired and negotiations for a new license agreement were stopped On October 31 2016 YouTube and GEMA reached an agreement over royalties ending a seven year long battle of blocking music videos in Germany 26 Live streaming in 2016On November 23 2016 27 28 the German Kommission fur Zulassung und Aufsicht Commission for Authorization and Supervision which is formed by representatives of German public broadcast stations required PietSmiet amp Co a German let s player operating his own YouTube channel to get a German broadcast license by April 30 2017 29 or else be regarded as an illegal pirate radio broadcaster for livestreaming even when no radio spectrum use is included Some YouTubers even non profit might fail at the expensive fee for applying a license 30 On April 30 2017 the livestreaming channel PietSmietTV went offline The channel PietSmiet remained online due not providing 24 7 streaming The channel was mentioned in a requirement of a license 31 Pending parliamentary resolution in 2019The Article 17 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market is feared and criticized as censorship mandatory for all countries of the European Union within two years if adopted 32 33 34 Indonesia Edit On April 1 2008 Indonesian information minister Muhammad Nuh asked YouTube to remove Fitna a controversial film made by Dutch right wing politician Geert Wilders The government allowed two days for the removal of the video or YouTube would be blocked in the country 35 On April 4 following YouTube s failure to remove the video Nuh asked all Internet service providers to block access to YouTube 36 On April 5 YouTube was briefly blocked for testing by one ISP 37 On April 8 YouTube along with MySpace Metacafe RapidShare Multiply LiveLeak and Fitna s official site were blocked in Indonesia on all ISPs 38 The blocking of YouTube was subsequently lifted on April 10 There may still have been some blocking in May 2008 according to local inhabitants citation needed Libya Edit On January 24 2010 Libya permanently blocked YouTube after it featured videos of demonstrations in the Libyan city of Benghazi by families of detainees who were killed in Abu Salim prison in 1996 as well as videos of family members of Libyan leader Muammar al Gaddafi at parties citation needed The ban was condemned by Human Rights Watch 39 In November 2011 after the Libyan Civil War YouTube was once again allowed in Libya 40 but did not launch a local version of the site until early 2015 Malaysia Edit In May 2013 videos critical of the Malaysian government were blocked from YouTube in Malaysia despite the government s promises not to censor the internet Analysis of the network traffic shows that the ISPs were scanning the headers of the users and actively blocking requests to the YouTube video according to the video key 41 42 Morocco Edit On May 25 2007 the state owned Maroc Telecom ISP blocked all access to YouTube 43 Officially no reasons were given as to why YouTube was blocked but speculations were that it may have been due to videos posted by the pro separatist Polisario Western Sahara s independence movement or due to videos criticizing King Mohammed VI The ban did not affect the other two ISPs in the country Wana now Inwi and Meditel now Orange Maroc The blocking of YouTube on Maroc Telecom was lifted May 30 2007 after Maroc Telecom unofficially announced that the denied access to the website was a mere technical glitch 44 Pakistan Edit In February 2008 the Pakistani Telecommunications Authority PTA blocked access to YouTube on Pakistani ISPs allegedly because of blasphemous videos of Dutch politician Geert Wilders However the PTA s block inadvertently knocked out access to YouTube worldwide for two hours on February 25 2008 45 Pakistan Telecom had broadcast to other ISPs in the Pacific Rim the false claim that it was the correct route for the addresses in YouTube s IP space 46 It was suggested by some Pakistani websites blogs and by electoral process watchdog groups at the time that the block was imposed largely to distract viewers from videos alleging vote rigging by the ruling MQM party in the February 2008 general elections 47 48 Allegations of suppressing vote rigging videos by the Musharraf administration were also leveled by Pakistani bloggers newspapers media and Pakistani anti Musharraf opposition parties 49 50 YouTube was unblocked on February 27 2008 after the allegedly blasphemous videos were removed 51 On May 20 2010 which was Everybody Draw Mohammed Day Pakistan again blocked the website in a bid to contain blasphemous material 52 The ban was lifted on May 27 2010 after the website removed the objectionable content from its servers at the request of the government However individual videos deemed offensive to Muslims that are posted on YouTube will continue to be blocked 53 54 On September 17 2012 the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority PTA ordered access to YouTube blocked after the website failed to remove the trailer of the controversial Innocence of Muslims and eventually resulting in a ban due to YouTube s noncompliance 55 Bytes for All a Pakistani non profit organization filed a constitutional challenge to the ban through their counsel Yasser Latif Hamdani in the Lahore High Court This is an ongoing case and is commonly known as the YouTube case 56 On December 11 2013 it was announced by the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority that they had convinced Google s management to offer a local https www youtube com pk version to Pakistan as it would be easy for the local authorities to remove objectionable material from a local version as compared to the global version of YouTube However it would only be offered after the Pakistani government fulfilled some of the undisclosed requirements 57 During the ban a video was released called Kholo BC by rappers Adil Omar and Ali Gul Pir opposing the ban 58 The video went viral and thousands of people supported that the ban is due to political interest 57 On April 21 2014 Pakistan s Senate Standing Committee on Human Rights approved a resolution to lift the ban on YouTube 59 On May 6 2014 the National Assembly unanimously adopted a non binding resolution to lift the ban 60 but as of August 2 2014 it was still in effect 61 needs update The ban was lifted due to a technical glitch on December 6 2015 according to ISPs in Pakistan 62 As of January 18 2016 the ban has been officially lifted as YouTube has launched a local version of the site for Pakistan On November 25 2017 the NetBlocks internet measurement platform and Digital Rights Foundation collected evidence of nationwide blocking of YouTube alongside other social media services imposed by the government in response to the violent Tehreek e Labaik protests 63 64 65 The technical investigation found that many but not all major Pakistani fixed line and mobile service providers implemented the YouTube restriction which was lifted by the PTA the following day when protests abated after the resignation of Minister for Law and Justice Zahid Hamid 66 Russia Edit See also Internet censorship in Russia The video claiming responsibility for the 2010 Moscow Metro bombings which quickly gained 800 000 views in four days was removed along with all videos of Doku Umarov Additionally it turned out that over 300 videos from the Kavkaz Center were removed for having inappropriate content Russia was claimed to have pressured YouTube to take such measures 67 On July 28 2010 a court in the city of Komsomolsk on Amur ordered a local ISP to block access to youtube com web archive org and several other websites offering books for downloads citing extremist materials as the reason 68 The order was not enforced and was later reversed 69 YouTube is now available in Russia citation needed On September 4 2017 Roskomnadzor announced their intention to delete a video released by a popular YouTube channel Nemagia in which bloggers Alexey Pskovitin and Mikhail Pecherskiy described unscrupulous business strategies by Tinkoff Bank 70 In February 2019 as a result of a complaint received by Roskomnadzor YouTube has demanded that the Ukrainian Centre for Journalist Investigations remove a video about Emir Usein Kuku a Crimean Tatar human rights defender who has been arrested by Russian authorities in 2016 71 In September 2021 YouTube blocked two German language channels run by a Russian state backed media company RT stating they spread misinformation about COVID 19 vaccines In return Roskomnadzor threatened to block the service in the country or fine Google unless the restrictions are lifted 72 In March 2022 YouTube started showing its users ads with calls to disable Russian railroad communications As a result Roskomnadzor contacted Google and demanded the company to stop the threats against Russia 73 South Korea Edit At the request of the South Korean government Google removed about 54 000 pieces of content 74 Not only that but the government critical videos that are difficult to delete are ruined by making them recommended to the area that has nothing to do with the video 75 Sudan Edit The Sudanese authorities blocked YouTube on April 21 2010 following the 2010 presidential election and also blocked YouTube s owner Google The block was in response to a YouTube video appearing to show National Electoral Commission workers in official uniforms and a child in the Hamashkoreib region filling out voting strips and putting them into ballot boxes with one of them expressing relief that the voting period had been extended for them to finish their work Sudan had previously blocked YouTube temporarily in 2008 for unknown reasons 76 On September 17 2012 YouTube was banned again by National Telecommunication Corporation for not removing Innocence of Muslims a controversial anti Islamic film However the block was later lifted 77 Syria Edit See also Internet censorship in Syria In multiple instances YouTube access was blocked in Syria by the Syrian government and blackouts caused by the Syrian civil war YouTube has been blocked in August 2007 after videos were circulated denouncing the crackdown on the Kurd minority In February 2011 Syria lifted their block of YouTube and other social media services 78 79 Tajikistan Edit In July 2012 the Tajik authorities blocked YouTube in response to uploaded videos showing protests against militant clashes Eight days later the ban was lifted citation needed In the same year the Tajik government blocked the website again this time because of videos depicting the president Emomali Rakhmon which were deemed to be offensive to the government 80 In 2013 Tajikistan blocked YouTube for a third time because of a video which depicts President Rakhmon dancing and singing out of tune at his son s wedding party in 2007 81 On June 9 2014 YouTube briefly became inaccessible for an unknown reason Beg Zuhurov chief of Tajikistan s State Communications Service claimed that this was due to technical problems 82 On August 25 2015 YouTube was once again blocked by certain ISPs following an order from the State Communications Service 83 The block was not lifted until mid 2017 84 On May 23 2019 after the President of Tajikistan criticized the internet for bolstering terrorism Tajik authorities extended the blockages of all Google resources including YouTube However the ban was later lifted 85 Thailand Edit See also Bhumibol Adulyadej Internet blocking measures In 2006 Thailand blocked access to YouTube for users with Thai IP addresses Thai authorities identified 20 offensive videos and demanded that Google remove them before it would allow unblocking of all YouTube content 86 During the week of March 8 2007 YouTube was blocked in Thailand 87 Although no official explanation was given for the ban many bloggers believed the reason for the blocking was a video of former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra s speech on CNN YouTube was unblocked on March 10 2007 On the night of April 3 2007 YouTube was again blocked in Thailand 88 The government cited a video on the site that it called insulting to King Bhumibol Adulyadej 89 90 However the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology said that it would unblock YouTube in a few days after websites containing references to this video are blocked as opposed to the entire website 91 Communications Minister Sitthichai Pokai udom said When they decide to withdraw the clip we will withdraw the ban 92 Shortly after this incident the Internet technology blog Mashable was blocked from Thailand over the reporting of the YouTube clips in question 93 YouTube was unblocked on August 30 2007 after YouTube reportedly agreed to block videos deemed offensive by Thai authorities 94 On September 21 2007 Thai authorities announced they were seeking a court order to block videos that had appeared on YouTube accusing Privy Council president Prem Tinsulanonda of attempting to manipulate the royal succession to make himself Thailand s king 95 Tunisia Edit YouTube was blocked in Tunisia for several years before the 2011 Tunisian Revolution 96 97 98 Turkey Edit This error message was shown when attempting to access YouTube in Turkey between May 5 2008 to October 30 2010 It translates to The decision of the Ankara 1st Criminal Court of Peace on this website youtube com within the scope of the PROTECTION MEASURE dated 05 05 2008 and numbered 2008 402 is implemented by the Directorate of Telecommunication Communication Turkish courts have ordered blocks on access to the YouTube website 99 This first occurred when Turk Telekom blocked the site in compliance with decision 2007 384 issued by the Istanbul 1st Criminal Court of Peace Sulh Ceza Mahkeme on March 6 2007 The court decision was based on videos insulting Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in an escalation of what the Turkish media referred to as a virtual war of insults between Greek Armenian and Turkish YouTube members 86 100 101 102 YouTube was sued for insulting Turkishness 103 and access to the site was suspended pending the removal of the video YouTube lawyers sent proof of the video s removal to the Istanbul public prosecutor and access was restored on March 9 2007 104 However other videos similarly deemed insulting were repeatedly posted and several staggered bans followed issued by different courts the Sivas 2nd Criminal Court of Peace on September 18 2007 and again by decision 2008 11 on January 16 2008 the Ankara 12th Criminal Court of Peace on January 17 2008 decision 2008 55 105 the Ankara 1st Criminal Court of Peace on March 12 2008 decision 2008 251 the Ankara 11th Criminal Court of Peace on April 24 2008 decision 2008 468 the Ankara 5th Criminal Court of Peace on April 30 2008 decision 2008 599 again the Ankara 1st Criminal Court of Peace on May 5 2008 decision 2008 402 again the Ankara 11th Criminal Court of Peace on June 6 2008 decision 2008 624 again based on administrative measures without court order following corruption scandal relating several governmental officials including Prime Minister Erdogan on March 27 2014 The block in accordance with court decision 2008 468 of the Ankara 11th Criminal Court of Peace issued on April 24 2008 which cited that YouTube had not acquired a certificate of authorization in Turkey was not implemented by Turk Telekom until May 5 2008 Although YouTube was officially banned in Turkey the website was still accessible by modifying connection parameters to use alternative DNS servers and it was the eighth most popular website in Turkey according to Alexa records 106 Responding to criticisms of the courts bans in November 2008 the Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan stated I do access the site Go ahead and do the same 107 In June 2010 Turkey s president Abdullah Gul used his Twitter account to express disapproval of the country s blocking of YouTube which also affected access from Turkey to many Google services Gul said he had instructed officials to find legal ways of allowing access 108 Turkey lifted the ban on October 30 2010 109 In November 2010 a video of the Turkish politician Deniz Baykal caused the site to be blocked again briefly and the site was threatened with a new shutdown if it did not remove the video 110 111 On March 27 2014 Turkey banned YouTube again This time they did so many hours after a video was posted there claiming to depict Turkey s foreign minister spy chief and a top general discussing scenarios that could lead to their country s military attacking jihadist militants in Syria 112 The ban was ordered to be lifted by a series of court rulings starting April 9 2014 but Turkey defied the court orders and kept access to YouTube blocked 113 114 On May 29 the Constitutional Court of Turkey ruled that the block violated the constitutional right to freedom of expression and ordered that YouTube access be restored 115 As of the morning of June 1 2014 access to YouTube remained blocked in Turkey 116 But during the day access appeared to have been restored citation needed On April 6 2015 YouTube was again briefly blocked alongside Facebook and Twitter due to the widespread posting of footage of a prosecutor killed during a hostage crisis 117 On December 23 2016 YouTube again became briefly inaccessible in Turkey according to reports validated by internet monitoring group Turkey Blocks after footage that allegedly showed the immolation of Turkish soldiers by jihadists was shared on the site 118 119 The site is now accessible again as of December 25 citation needed United Arab Emirates Edit The UAE s Telecom Regulatory Authority TRA briefly blocked YouTube from August 2006 to October 2006 due to increasing concerns regarding the presence of adult content in the website According to the TRA the block was done due to YouTube not categorizing and separating adult pornographic content from normal content 120 The ban was lifted in October 2006 121 Uzbekistan Edit YouTube access in Uzbekistan has been heavily censored for an unknown reason since October 15 2018 122 123 Venezuela Edit See also Censorship and media control during the Venezuelan presidential crisis NetBlocks showing blocks of Instagram Twitter and YouTube on January 21 2019 During the Venezuelan presidential crisis of 2019 YouTube has been heavily censored regularly by Venezuela s state owned internet service provider CANTV The blocking of YouTube and social media websites by the Venezuelan government were intended to suppress information relating to Juan Guaido and the pro opposition National Assembly This mainly affects the access of streaming platforms like Periscope YouTube Bing and other Google services 124 125 126 127 128 On January 21 2019 the day of a Bolivarian National Guard rebellion in the Cotiza neighborhood of Caracas internet access to some social media websites including YouTube was reported to be blocked for CANTV users The Venezuelan government denied it had engaged in blocking 129 During the Venezuela Aid Live concert on February 22 access to YouTube was blocked for CANTV users during the concert 130 alongside National Geographic and Antena 3 that were removed from cable and satellite TV for broadcasting the concert 131 Guaido speech during the February 23 entry of the humanitarian aid YouTube was blocked 132 The longest block of YouTube to date started during a National Assembly session on March 6 lasting 20 hours 133 134 The YouTube live stream of the press conference of US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Colombian President Ivan Duque Marquez on April 15 2019 was disrupted for CANTV users 135 The YouTube restrictions returned with the return of the protests on November 16 136 Countries where access to YouTube is currently blocked EditChina excluding Hong Kong and Macau Edit See also Internet censorship in China YouTube was first blocked in China for over five months from October 16 2007 137 to March 22 2008 138 It was blocked again from March 24 2009 although a Foreign Ministry spokesperson would neither confirm nor deny whether YouTube had been blocked 139 Since then YouTube has been inaccessible from Mainland China 140 However YouTube can still be accessed from Hong Kong Macau the Shanghai Free Trade Zone specific hotels and by using a VPN 141 Since 2018 when the term YouTube is searched on Baidu the following message is displayed According to local regulations and policies some results cannot be shown Even though YouTube is blocked under the Great Firewall many Chinese media outlets including China Central Television CCTV have official YouTube accounts In spite of the ban Alexa ranks YouTube as the 5th most visited website in China 142 Eritrea Edit Main article Internet in Eritrea YouTube has been intermittently blocked in Eritrea since 2011 by some ISPs although a spokesperson for Freedom House speculated this was due to bandwidth considerations 143 Iran Edit See also Internet censorship in Iran Iranian exhibition YouTube written on mockup Jamarat On December 3 2006 Iran temporarily blocked access to YouTube and several other sites after declaring them as violators of social and moral codes of conduct The YouTube block came after a video was posted online that appeared to show an Iranian soap opera star having sex 144 The block was later lifted and then reinstated after Iran s 2009 presidential election 145 In 2012 Iran reblocked access along with access to Google after the controversial film Innocence of Muslims trailer was released on YouTube 146 On January 17 2016 some users reported that the website was unblocked citation needed although the site was blocked again on January 20 2016 Some startups television shows celebrities and reformist politicians such as Khatami use this website North Korea Edit See also Censorship in North Korea Internet policies YouTube is blocked in North Korea because of the country s laws regarding the Internet and its accessibility It has been fully blocked since April 2016 and the North Korean government has warned that anyone who tries to access it is subject to punishment 147 Turkmenistan Edit On December 25 2009 for security reasons YouTube was blocked in Turkmenistan by the only ISP in the country Turkmentelecom Other websites such as LiveJournal were also blocked 148 See also EditCensorship of Wikipedia Censorship of Facebook Censorship of Twitter ElsagateReferences Edit Youtube com Traffic Demographics and Competitors www alexa com Archived from the original on December 26 2018 Retrieved August 1 2019 YouTube Official Blog blog youtube Retrieved December 29 2022 a b c YouTube Censored A Recent History OpenNet Initiative opennet net Retrieved December 29 2022 Rechte fur Musikvideos YouTube und Gema einigen sich nach jahrelangem Streit Spiegel Online November 2016 Archived from the original on August 25 2017 Retrieved March 19 2018 Reinbold Fabian Gruber Angela November 2016 YouTube vs Gema Was das Ende des Dauerstreits fur YouTube Nutzer bedeutet Der Spiegel Archived from the original on August 24 2017 Retrieved March 19 2018 YouTube Community Guidelines YouTube Archived from the original on March 4 2017 Retrieved May 9 2007 Google Groups productforums google com January 19 2016 Archived from the original on February 7 2017 Retrieved February 8 2019 YouTube apologizes for hiding LGBTQ users videos in its Restricted Mode The Verge March 20 2017 Archived from the original on March 23 2017 Retrieved March 24 2017 Afghanistan bans YouTube to block anti Muslim film Reuters September 12 2012 Retrieved December 29 2022 Afghanistan to unblock YouTube AFGHANISTAN TIMES Archived January 17 2013 at the Wayback Machine 1s December 2012 Armenia Samizdat amp the Internet Global Voices Advox March 8 2008 Retrieved December 29 2022 YouTube Blocked in Armenia blogoscoped com Retrieved December 29 2022 Bangladesh imposes YouTube block BBC News March 9 2009 Archived from the original on March 9 2009 Bangladesh Blocks Access to YouTube OpenNet Initiative March 22 2009 Archived from the original on May 2 2012 Retrieved June 30 2012 YouTube blocked in Bangladesh over Prophet Mohamed video Archived August 24 2017 at the Wayback Machine The Independent AP September 18 2012 Bangladesh lifts ban on YouTube blocked after anti Islam film Yahoo News June 5 2013 Archived from the original on June 15 2013 Retrieved June 5 2013 Haines Lester January 4 2007 Brazilian court orders YouTube shutdown Model obtains injunction over beach sex romp vid The Independent in Portuguese Archived from the original on October 4 2012 Retrieved September 24 2012 Brazil court revises ban on YouTube over sex video Reuters January 21 2007 Retrieved December 29 2022 WebProNews WebProNews Retrieved December 29 2022 Koda hits out at YouTube over content blocking ultimatum Complete Music Update Retrieved December 29 2022 YouTube threatens to remove music videos in Denmark over songwriter royalty fallout Music Business Worldwide July 31 2020 Retrieved December 29 2022 YouTube welcomes back music from Danish songwriters inking new Polaris licensing deal Music Business Worldwide October 1 2020 Archived from the original on May 21 2021 Retrieved October 22 2021 Suomalaiset musiikkivideot pimenivat YouTubessa kun lisenssi paattyi Videoiden palauttaminen nahtaviksi voi kestaa paivia Yle Uutiset November 30 2017 Archived from the original on November 30 2017 Certain music unavailable on YouTube google com Archived from the original on November 30 2017 Retrieved November 30 2017 Frederic Lardinois September 3 2010 YouTube Loses in German Court Held Liable for Copyrighted Videos Readwriteweb com Archived from the original on October 28 2011 Retrieved October 7 2012 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archived from the original on May 26 2018 retrieved May 19 2017 Uploadfilter Warum Kritiker Angst vor Zensur haben Archived from the original on March 22 2019 Retrieved March 14 2019 Upload Filter Youtuber LeFloid warnt vor Zensur Nachrichten WDR Archived from the original on March 4 2019 Retrieved March 14 2019 Uploadfilter Artikel 13 gefahrdet das freie Netz Digital Suddeutsche de Archived from the original on March 31 2019 Retrieved March 14 2019 Indonesia Seeks to Block YouTube Over Anti Koran Film Reuters Jakarta April 2 2008 Archived from the original on December 3 2013 Retrieved April 3 2008 Wicaksono Hidayat April 4 2008 Menkominfo Ultimatum ISP Blokir YouTube MCIT Ultimatum ISPs Block YouTube detik com in Indonesian Archived from the original on April 6 2008 Retrieved April 4 2008 English translation Archived November 20 2015 at the Wayback Machine Dewi Widya Ningrum April 5 2008 YouTube Terblokir karena Ulah Satu ISP YouTube Blocked by tantrum One ISP detik com in Indonesian Archived from the original on April 6 2008 Retrieved April 4 2008 English translation Archived November 20 2015 at the Wayback Machine Dewi Widya Ningrum April 8 2008 Speedy Blokir 7 Situs Pengusaha Kecil Mulai Menjerit Speedy Block 7 Websites Small Business Start Screaming detik com in Indonesian Archived from the original on April 12 2008 Retrieved April 8 2008 English translation Archived July 30 2012 at the Wayback Machine Watchdog urges Libya to stop blocking websites Archived February 9 2010 at the Wayback Machine AFP February 4 2010 Libya Archived September 27 2012 at the Wayback Machine Freedom on the Net 2012 Freedom House September 24 2012 GE13 Censorship of Online Media in Malaysia Archived May 7 2013 at the Wayback Machine China Style censorship blocking KiniTV videos Malaysia Kini May 2 2013 Archived from the original on May 5 2013 Sami Ben Gharbia May 26 2007 Morocco blocks access to YouTube Global Voices Online Archived from the original on May 31 2007 Retrieved May 27 2007 YouTube again accessible via Maroc Telecom Reporters Without Borders May 30 2007 Archived from the original on April 16 2013 Retrieved May 30 2007 Pakistan move knocked out YouTube CNN com CNN February 25 2008 Archived from the original on October 14 2014 Retrieved September 19 2018 McCullagh Declan February 25 2008 How Pakistan knocked YouTube offline and how to make sure it never happens again CNET Archived from the original on September 19 2018 Retrieved September 19 2018 Access to YouTube blocked until further notice because of non Islamic videos Archived November 19 2015 at the Wayback Machine Reporters Without Borders February 27 2008 Alvi Dr Awab February 22 2008 Vote Rigging Videos in Karachi could this be why YouTube is blocked Teeth Maestro Retrieved February 14 2023 Musharraf s Inquisition Reason Why YouTube Was Blocked In Pakistan Archived October 13 2012 at the Wayback Machine Farrukh Khan Pitafi Blogger News Network February 24 2008 Youtube to MP3 Converter Online 100 Success in 2021 YouTube to MP3 Retrieved December 29 2022 YouTube access unblocked after offending videos removed Reporters without borders Reporters Sans Frontiers February 27 2008 Archived from the original on September 19 2018 Retrieved September 19 2018 Walsh Declan May 20 2010 Pakistan blocks YouTube access over Muhammad depictions The Guardian London Archived from the original on September 14 2013 Retrieved May 23 2010 YouTube ban lifted by Pakistan authorities Archived July 22 2010 at the Wayback Machine Joanne McCabe Metro Associated Newspapers Limited UK May 27 2010 Retrieved September 18 2012 Pakistan lifts ban on YouTube Archived December 13 2013 at the Wayback Machine The Times of India May 27 2010 Tsukayama Hayley September 17 2012 YouTube blocked in Pakistan Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Retrieved December 29 2022 David Robin July 13 2013 Surf war Times of India Archived from the original on July 18 2013 Retrieved July 22 2013 a b 404 PAGE NOT FOUND www thenewstribe 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blanket ban on social media The Nation November 27 2017 Archived from the original on November 28 2017 Retrieved November 29 2017 All you need to know about nation wide internet disruptions during dharna Samaa TV November 27 2017 Archived from the original on November 27 2017 Retrieved November 29 2017 The issue of social media networking The Nation November 26 2017 Archived from the original on November 28 2017 Retrieved November 29 2017 Kavkaz Center May 4 2010 YouTube could not bear Dokku Umarov YouTube The Internet s Primary and Rapidly Expanding Jihadi Base Part II item 3 Middle East Media Research Institute Archived from the original on July 18 2013 Retrieved December 10 2010 YouTube banned by Russian court the Guardian July 29 2010 Retrieved December 29 2022 Russia The First Case of YouTube Ban Global Voices Advox August 6 2010 Retrieved December 29 2022 Roskomnadzor zablokiruet rolik blogerov Nemagia o Tinkoff banke Roskomnadzor will block the Nemagia blogger s video about Tinkoff Bank in Russian Dozhd September 4 2017 Archived from the original on September 4 2019 Retrieved September 4 2019 YouTube collaborates with Russia to censor video about imprisoned Crimean Tatar human rights activist Kuku Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group February 7 2019 Archived from the original on August 24 2019 Retrieved November 30 2019 Russia threatens to block YouTube after German channels are deleted over coronavirus misinformation The Washington Post September 29 2021 Archived from the original on September 30 2021 Retrieved September 30 2021 Russian IT watchdog demanded that Google stop spreading anti Russian threats on YouTube TASS March 18 2022 According to Roskomnadzor YouTube users are being shown advertisement videos with calls to disable Russian and Belarusian railroad communications 한국 정부 요청으로 구글 콘텐츠 5만4000개 지웠다 May 9 2021 Screen shot Sudan reportedly blocks YouTube over electoral fraud video Sudan Tribune Khartoum April 21 2010 Archived from the original on September 4 2010 Retrieved December 10 2010 Sudan orders Youtube block over anti Islam film Reuters Reuters Staff Reuters September 19 2012 Retrieved November 25 2021 الغاء الحجب عن موقع فيسبوك في سورية Syrian government abolishes bans on Facebook and YouTube in Arabic D Press News February 8 2011 Archived from the original on February 20 2019 Retrieved September 23 2011 English translation The Next Web Middle East February 8 2011 Facebook and YouTube to Be Unblocked in Syria Today Retrieved February 8 2011 Tajikistan blocks YouTube News European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity Archived from the original on March 24 2016 Retrieved September 1 2016 Tajikistan Blocks YouTube After Video Of Dancing President Goes Viral Business Insider Archived from the original on December 28 2016 Retrieved September 1 2016 YouTube Partially Blocked In Tajikistan RadioFreeEurope RadioLiberty June 10 2014 Retrieved April 2 2022 Access To YouTube Facebook Restricted Again In Tajikistan RadioFreeEurope 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March 7 2007 YouTube Banned in Turkey After Insults to Ataturk The New York Times Archived from the original on January 25 2014 Retrieved December 8 2013 YouTube broadcasts Greek marches full of hatred toward Turks Archived February 14 2009 at the Wayback Machine Hasan Haci Today s Zaman March 6 2007 Jardin Xeni March 7 2007 Update on Turkey bans YouTube all a you re a fag flame war Boing Boing Retrieved December 29 2022 Turkey pulls plug on YouTube over Ataturk insults The Guardian AP March 7 2007 Archived from the original on October 22 2021 Retrieved March 7 2007 Jaafar Ali March 8 2007 Turkey bans YouTube Variety Archived from the original on March 12 2007 Retrieved March 10 2007 Turkey revokes YouTube ban The Age AFP March 10 2007 Archived from the original on May 9 2007 Retrieved March 10 2007 YouTube banned in Turkey once again Wikinews January 19 2008 Archived from the original on February 8 2009 Retrieved December 13 2008 Turkey report Archived September 27 2012 at the Wayback 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Archived August 26 2007 at the Wayback Machine Matthew Wade ITP net August 17 2006 Ronald Deibert John G Palfrey Rafal Rohozinski Jonathan Zittrain 2010 Access Controlled The Shaping of Power Rights and Rule in Cyberspace The MIT Press p 596 ISBN 9780262014342 Archived from the original on May 21 2021 Retrieved November 5 2020 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Uzbekistan has blocked YouTube social network The Qazak Times October 9 2018 Archived from the original on January 17 2019 Retrieved January 16 2019 Uzbekistan YouTube Traffic Google Transparency Report Archived from the original on October 22 2021 Retrieved January 16 2019 Venezuela National Assembly live streams disrupted NetBlocks January 29 2019 Archived from the original on February 20 2019 Retrieved January 31 2019 Disruptions in Venezuela affecting YouTube and other services during political rally NetBlocks February 12 2019 Archived from the original on February 14 2019 Retrieved February 13 2019 NetBlocks denuncia bloqueos a YouTube para censurar las manifestaciones de Guaido este 12Feb La Patilla in European Spanish February 12 2019 Archived from the original on February 13 2019 Retrieved February 12 2019 Twitter blocked in Venezuela NetBlocks February 27 2019 Archived from the original on February 28 2019 Retrieved February 27 2019 Venezuela internet censorship resumes while much of country remains offline NetBlocks March 28 2019 Archived from the original on March 28 2019 Retrieved March 28 2019 Social media outage and disruptions in Venezuela amid incident in Caracas NetBlocks January 21 2019 Archived from the original on January 22 2019 Retrieved January 22 2019 YouTube blocked during Venezuela Aid Live concert NetBlocks February 22 2019 Archived from the original on February 23 2019 Retrieved February 23 2019 Sacaron del aire Nat Geo y Antena 3 por transmitir el Venezuela Aid Live El Nacional in Spanish February 22 2019 Archived from the original on February 24 2019 Retrieved February 23 2019 Web platforms blocked in Venezuela Colombia border standoff NetBlocks February 23 2019 Archived from the original on February 24 2019 Retrieved February 24 2019 New targeted YouTube restriction in Venezuela NetBlocks March 7 2019 Archived from the original on March 8 2019 Retrieved March 7 2019 Detectan restricciones de la plataforma Youtube en Venezuela El Nacional in Spanish March 7 2019 Archived from the original on March 7 2019 Retrieved March 7 2019 Streaming platforms blocked in Venezuela as Pompeo speaks from Colombia NetBlocks April 15 2019 Archived from the original on April 15 2019 Retrieved April 15 2019 Twitter Facebook and Instagram restricted in Venezuela on day of planned protests NetBlocks November 16 2019 Archived from the original on November 16 2019 Retrieved November 16 2019 Schwankert Steve YouTube blocked in China Flickr Blogspot restored Archived January 24 2008 at the Wayback Machine IDG News October 18 2007 Retrieved March 3 2008 Graham Webster March 22 2008 YouTube unblocked in China but could Google have cooperated cnet news Archived from the original on August 10 2012 YouTube blocked in China Archived July 13 2012 at the Wayback Machine CNN March 25 2009 China blocks access to Bloomberg and Businessweek sites BBC News June 29 2012 Retrieved December 29 2022 Hotel roundup Hotels chinadaily com cn Archived from the original on August 14 2017 Retrieved August 14 2017 End of Service Notice www alexa com Retrieved December 29 2022 Liebelson Dana March 28 2016 Here are the countries that block Facebook Twitter and YouTube Mother Jones Archived from the original on September 9 2016 Retrieved September 11 2016 Tait Robert November 4 2006 Censorship fears rise as Iran blocks access to top websites The Guardian London Archived from the original on April 20 2020 Retrieved December 17 2006 Mobile phones Facebook YouTube cut in Iran American Free Press July 13 2009 Archived from the original on May 23 2012 Retrieved July 8 2009 Iran blocks YouTube Google over Mohammed video CNN com September 24 2012 Archived from the original on September 25 2012 Retrieved September 24 2012 North Korea blocks Facebook Twitter and YouTube Associated Press April 4 2016 Archived from the original on April 6 2016 Retrieved April 4 2016 Turkmenistan YouTube and LiveJournal are blocked Moscow Ferghana News December 25 2009 Archived from the original on July 7 2012 Retrieved December 25 2009 External links EditYouTube Censored A recent History by the OpenNet Initiative an interactive map that shows a rough history of YouTube censorship since 2006 Free Speech in the Age of YouTube in The New York Times September 22 2012 Google Transparency Report Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Censorship of YouTube amp oldid 1145114919, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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