Bidens frondosa grows best where there is ample soil moisture and sun, especially in areas where something has disrupted the existing plant community leaving bare ground. It can survive in water saturated soils, frequently found growing at the water's edge, in drainage ditches or on flood plains.[10][11]
According to Plants of the World Online (POWO) the natural range of Bidens frondosa is recorded as the whole of the continental United States except for Montana as well as all of Canada except for Labrador and the three Arctic territories.[12] The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS database (PLANTS) agrees with the natural range in America, but lists it as an introduced plant for Canada.[13] POWO lists the areas of the world where it is growing as an introduced plant as all of Europe except for Greece, Ireland, Iceland, Russia, Sweden, and Finland as well as Turkey, parts of Russia, China, Tadzhikistan, and the Caucasus.[12]
Ecologyedit
The defoliating caterpillar of Hadjina chinensis, which is limited to Bidens species, has been observed on this plant.[14]
Bidens frondosa is an annual herb, usually growing to 20–60 cm (8–24 in) tall, but it may reach 1.8 m (6 ft). The stems are square in cross-section and may branch near the top. The leaves are pinnate, divided into a few toothed triangular or lance-shaped leaflets usually 6–8 cm (2+1⁄2–3 in) long, exceptionally up to 12 cm (4+1⁄2 in). The inflorescence is often a solitary flower head, but there may be pairs or arrays of several heads. The head contains many orange disc florets. Most flower heads lack ray florets but some may have a few small yellow rays. The fruit is a flat black or brown barbed cypsela up to a centimeter long which has two obvious hornlike pappi at one end.[3][8][15][16]
This plant is invasive in some parts of the world. In New Zealand it is classed as an environmental weed by the Department of Conservation.[17] It is also weedy in its native range, occurring in pastures and fields and along roadsides.[15]
^Bidens frondosa, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Profile, 18 October 2023
^Han, Y. G., et al. (2009). Insect herbivores associated with the introduced weed Bidens frondosa L.(Asteraceae) in Korea, and their potential role as augmentative biological control agents. Entomological Research 39(6), 394-400.
^ abcDevils Beggarticks or Stick-tights: Bidens frondosa. 2013-06-24 at the Wayback Machine Virginia Tech Weed Identification Guide.
^Howell, C. (May 2008). Consolidated List of Environmental Weeds in New Zealand. 292. Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Conservation. ISBN978-0-478-14413-0.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bidens frondosa.
CalPhotos photos gallery, University of California
January 01, 1970
bidens, frondosa, north, american, species, flowering, plant, aster, family, asteraceae, widespread, across, much, canada, united, states, mexico, known, many, other, parts, world, introduced, species, including, europe, asia, morocco, zealand, many, common, n. Bidens frondosa is a North American species of flowering plant in the aster family Asteraceae It is widespread across much of Canada the United States and Mexico 2 3 4 It is known in many other parts of the world as an introduced species including Europe Asia Morocco and New Zealand 2 5 6 Its many common names include devil s beggarticks devil s pitchfork devil s bootjack sticktights bur marigold pitchfork weed tickseed sunflower 7 leafy beggarticks 8 and common beggar ticks 9 Bidens frondosa Conservation status Secure NatureServe Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Asterids Order Asterales Family Asteraceae Genus Bidens Species B frondosa Binomial name Bidens frondosaL Synonyms 1 Bidens melanocarpa Wiegand Contents 1 Habitat and range 2 Ecology 3 Morphology 4 Invasive species 5 References 6 External linksHabitat and range editBidens frondosa grows best where there is ample soil moisture and sun especially in areas where something has disrupted the existing plant community leaving bare ground It can survive in water saturated soils frequently found growing at the water s edge in drainage ditches or on flood plains 10 11 According to Plants of the World Online POWO the natural range of Bidens frondosa is recorded as the whole of the continental United States except for Montana as well as all of Canada except for Labrador and the three Arctic territories 12 The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS database PLANTS agrees with the natural range in America but lists it as an introduced plant for Canada 13 POWO lists the areas of the world where it is growing as an introduced plant as all of Europe except for Greece Ireland Iceland Russia Sweden and Finland as well as Turkey parts of Russia China Tadzhikistan and the Caucasus 12 Ecology editThe defoliating caterpillar of Hadjina chinensis which is limited to Bidens species has been observed on this plant 14 nbsp Bidens frondosa flowering head nbsp Bidens frondosa leafMorphology editBidens frondosa is an annual herb usually growing to 20 60 cm 8 24 in tall but it may reach 1 8 m 6 ft The stems are square in cross section and may branch near the top The leaves are pinnate divided into a few toothed triangular or lance shaped leaflets usually 6 8 cm 2 1 2 3 in long exceptionally up to 12 cm 4 1 2 in The inflorescence is often a solitary flower head but there may be pairs or arrays of several heads The head contains many orange disc florets Most flower heads lack ray florets but some may have a few small yellow rays The fruit is a flat black or brown barbed cypsela up to a centimeter long which has two obvious hornlike pappi at one end 3 8 15 16 The barbed pappi on the fruit help it stick to animals facilitating seed dispersal 15 Invasive species editThis plant is invasive in some parts of the world In New Zealand it is classed as an environmental weed by the Department of Conservation 17 It is also weedy in its native range occurring in pastures and fields and along roadsides 15 References edit The Plant List Bidens frondosa L a b Bidens frondosa Germplasm Resources Information Network Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 4 January 2018 a b Bidens frondosa Flora of North America Biota of North America Program 2014 state level distribution map Flora of China 大狼杷草 da lang pa cao Bidens frondosa Linnaeus Sp Pl 2 832 1753 Altervista Flora Italiana Forbicina fogliosa schwarzfruchtiger Zweizahn Bidens frondosa L Bidens frondosa Integrated Taxonomic Information System ITIS a b Bidens frondosa Burke Museum University of Washington Bidens frondosa Archived 2007 07 02 at the Wayback Machine Freckmann Herbarium University of Wisconsin Stevens Point Hilty John Common Beggar Ticks Bidens frondosa www illinoiswildflowers info Retrieved 11 October 2018 Popay Ian Bidens frondosa beggarticks Invasive Species Compendium CAB International Retrieved 12 October 2018 a b Bidens frondosa L Plants of the World Online Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Retrieved 18 October 2023 Bidens frondosa USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Profile 18 October 2023 Han Y G et al 2009 Insect herbivores associated with the introduced weed Bidens frondosa L Asteraceae in Korea and their potential role as augmentative biological control agents Entomological Research 39 6 394 400 a b c Devils Beggarticks or Stick tights Bidens frondosa Archived 2013 06 24 at the Wayback Machine Virginia Tech Weed Identification Guide Bidens frondosa The Jepson eFlora 2013 Howell C May 2008 Consolidated List of Environmental Weeds in New Zealand 292 Wellington New Zealand Department of Conservation ISBN 978 0 478 14413 0 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bidens frondosa CalPhotos photos gallery University of California Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bidens frondosa amp oldid 1180677704, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
