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Artvin okrug

January 01, 1970

The Artvin okrug[b] was a district (okrug) of the Batum Oblast of the Russian Empire, existing between 1878 and 1918. The district was eponymously named for its administrative centre, Artvin, presently part of the Artvin Province of Turkey. The district bordered with the Olti okrug to the south, the Ardahan okrug to the east, the Batumi okrug to the north, and the Ottoman Empire to the west. Between 1883 and 1903, the Artvin okrug formed a part of the Kutaisi Governorate.[1]

Artvin okrug
Артвинский округ
Okrug
Coat of arms
Location in the Batum Oblast
CountryRussian Empire
ViceroyaltyCaucasus
OblastBatum
Established1878
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk3 March 1918
CapitalArtvin
Area
 • Total3,272.00 km2 (1,263.33 sq mi)
Population
 (1916)
 • Total37,414
 • Density11/km2 (30/sq mi)
 • Urban
18.70%
 • Rural
81.30%

Administrative divisions edit

The prefectures (участки, uchastki) of the Artvin okrug were:[2][3]

Name Administrative centre 1912 population Area
Ardanuchskiy prefecture (Арданучский участок) Ardanuch (Ardanuç) 18,336 684.64 square versts (779.16 km2; 300.84 sq mi)
Artvinskiy prefecture (Артвинский участок) Artvin 12,804 1,120.18 square versts (1,274.83 km2; 492.22 sq mi)
Shavsheto-Imerkhevskiy prefecture (Шавшето-Имерхевский участок) Satlel-Rabat 23,780 1,070.24 square versts (1,218.00 km2; 470.27 sq mi)

Demographics edit

Russian Empire Census edit

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Artvin okrug had a population of 56,140 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 29,064 men and 27,076 women. The majority of the population indicated Turkish to be their mother tongue, with significant Armenian and Georgian speaking minorities.[4]

Linguistic composition of the Artvin okrug in 1897[4]
Language Native speakers %
Turkish 41,468 73.87
Armenian 7,819 13.93
Georgian 5,506 9.81
Ukrainian 714 1.27
Russian 308 0.55
Kurdish 112 0.20
Greek 67 0.12
Polish 21 0.04
Imeretian 15 0.03
German 13 0.02
Abkhazian 6 0.01
Tatar[c] 5 0.01
Belarusian 4 0.01
Persian 2 0.00
Ossetian 1 0.00
Other 79 0.14
TOTAL 56,140 100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar edit

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Artvin okrug had a population of 37,414 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 19,276 men and 18,138 women, 33,945 of whom were the permanent population, and 3,469 were temporary residents:[7]

Nationality Urban Rural TOTAL
Number % Number % Number %
Georgians 882 12.61 25,849 84.98 26,731 71.45
Armenians 5,451 77.90 3,977 13.07 9,428 25.20
Russians 217 3.10 109 0.36 326 0.87
North Caucasians 304 4.34 0 0.00 304 0.81
Shia Muslims[d] 143 2.04 140 0.46 283 0.76
Roma 0 0.00 145 0.48 145 0.39
Sunni Muslims[e] 0 0.00 104 0.34 104 0.28
Asiatic Christians 0 0.00 69 0.23 69 0.18
Other Europeans 0 0.00 24 0.08 24 0.06
TOTAL 6,997 100.00 30,417 100.00 37,414 100.00

Notes edit

  1. ^ Western Armenian pronunciation: [ɑɹtʰviˈni kʰɑˈvɑr]
  2. ^
  3. ^ Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[5][6]
  4. ^ Primarily Tatars.[8]
  5. ^ Primarily Turco-Tatars.[8]

References edit

  1. ^ Tsutsiev 2014.
  2. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 23–28.
  3. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 144–147.
  4. ^ a b "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  5. ^ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
  6. ^ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
  7. ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 182–185.
  8. ^ a b Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

Bibliography edit

  • Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
  • Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. from the original on 19 April 2022.
  • Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. from the original on 4 November 2021.
  • Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.

See also edit

41°11′00″N 41°49′05″E / 41.18333°N 41.81806°E / 41.18333; 41.81806

January 01, 1970
artvin, okrug, district, okrug, batum, oblast, russian, empire, existing, between, 1878, 1918, district, eponymously, named, administrative, centre, artvin, presently, part, artvin, province, turkey, district, bordered, with, olti, okrug, south, ardahan, okrug. The Artvin okrug b was a district okrug of the Batum Oblast of the Russian Empire existing between 1878 and 1918 The district was eponymously named for its administrative centre Artvin presently part of the Artvin Province of Turkey The district bordered with the Olti okrug to the south the Ardahan okrug to the east the Batumi okrug to the north and the Ottoman Empire to the west Between 1883 and 1903 the Artvin okrug formed a part of the Kutaisi Governorate 1 Artvin okrug Artvinskij okrugOkrugCoat of armsLocation in the Batum OblastCountryRussian EmpireViceroyaltyCaucasusOblastBatumEstablished1878Treaty of Brest Litovsk3 March 1918CapitalArtvinArea Total3 272 00 km2 1 263 33 sq mi Population 1916 Total37 414 Density11 km2 30 sq mi Urban18 70 Rural81 30 Contents 1 Administrative divisions 2 Demographics 2 1 Russian Empire Census 2 2 Kavkazskiy kalendar 3 Notes 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 See alsoAdministrative divisions editThe prefectures uchastki uchastki of the Artvin okrug were 2 3 Name Administrative centre 1912 population Area Ardanuchskiy prefecture Ardanuchskij uchastok Ardanuch Ardanuc 18 336 684 64 square versts 779 16 km2 300 84 sq mi Artvinskiy prefecture Artvinskij uchastok Artvin 12 804 1 120 18 square versts 1 274 83 km2 492 22 sq mi Shavsheto Imerkhevskiy prefecture Shavsheto Imerhevskij uchastok Satlel Rabat 23 780 1 070 24 square versts 1 218 00 km2 470 27 sq mi Demographics editRussian Empire Census edit According to the Russian Empire Census the Artvin okrug had a population of 56 140 on 28 January O S 15 January 1897 including 29 064 men and 27 076 women The majority of the population indicated Turkish to be their mother tongue with significant Armenian and Georgian speaking minorities 4 Linguistic composition of the Artvin okrug in 1897 4 Language Native speakers Turkish 41 468 73 87 Armenian 7 819 13 93 Georgian 5 506 9 81 Ukrainian 714 1 27 Russian 308 0 55 Kurdish 112 0 20 Greek 67 0 12 Polish 21 0 04 Imeretian 15 0 03 German 13 0 02 Abkhazian 6 0 01 Tatar c 5 0 01 Belarusian 4 0 01 Persian 2 0 00 Ossetian 1 0 00 Other 79 0 14 TOTAL 56 140 100 00 Kavkazskiy kalendar edit According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar the Artvin okrug had a population of 37 414 on 14 January O S 1 January 1916 including 19 276 men and 18 138 women 33 945 of whom were the permanent population and 3 469 were temporary residents 7 Nationality Urban Rural TOTAL Number Number Number Georgians 882 12 61 25 849 84 98 26 731 71 45 Armenians 5 451 77 90 3 977 13 07 9 428 25 20 Russians 217 3 10 109 0 36 326 0 87 North Caucasians 304 4 34 0 0 00 304 0 81 Shia Muslims d 143 2 04 140 0 46 283 0 76 Roma 0 0 00 145 0 48 145 0 39 Sunni Muslims e 0 0 00 104 0 34 104 0 28 Asiatic Christians 0 0 00 69 0 23 69 0 18 Other Europeans 0 0 00 24 0 08 24 0 06 TOTAL 6 997 100 00 30 417 100 00 37 414 100 00Notes edit Western Armenian pronunciation ɑɹtʰviˈni kʰɑˈvɑr Russian Artvinskij okrug pre reform orthography Artvinskij okrug romanized Artvinskiy okrug ɐrtvʲɪnskʲɪj ɐkrʊk Turkish Artvin Okrugu aɾtvin okɾuɡu Armenian Արդվինի գավառ classical orthography Արդուինի գաւառ romanized Arduini gawaṙ ɑɹdviˈni ɡɑˈvɑr a Georgian ართვინის ოკრუგი romanized artvinis ok rugi aɾtʰʷinis okʼɾuɡi Before 1918 Azerbaijanis were generally known as Tatars This term employed by the Russians referred to Turkic speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus After 1918 with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and especially during the Soviet era the Tatar group identified itself as Azerbaijani 5 6 Primarily Tatars 8 Primarily Turco Tatars 8 References edit Tsutsiev 2014 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1917 god pp 23 28 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1913 god pp 144 147 a b Demoskop Weekly Prilozhenie Spravochnik statisticheskih pokazatelej www demoscope ru Retrieved 2022 03 26 Bournoutian 2018 p 35 note 25 Tsutsiev 2014 p 50 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1917 god pp 182 185 a b Hovannisian 1971 p 67 Bibliography editBournoutian George A 2018 Armenia and Imperial Decline The Yerevan Province 1900 1914 Milton Park Abingdon Oxon Routledge ISBN 978 1 351 06260 2 OCLC 1037283914 Hovannisian Richard G 1971 The Republic of Armenia The First Year 1918 1919 Vol 1 Berkeley University of California Press ISBN 978 0520019843 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1913 god Caucasian calendar for 1913 in Russian 68th ed Tiflis Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye I V na Kavkaze kazenny dom 1913 Archived from the original on 19 April 2022 Kavkazskij kalendar na 1917 god Caucasian calendar for 1917 in Russian 72nd ed Tiflis Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye I V na Kavkaze kazenny dom 1917 Archived from the original on 4 November 2021 Tsutsiev Arthur 2014 Atlas of the Ethno Political History of the Caucasus PDF Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov New Haven Yale University Press ISBN 9780300153088 Archived PDF from the original on 17 June 2023 See also editKars Oblast Treaty of San Stefano Treaty of Berlin 1878 41 11 00 N 41 49 05 E 41 18333 N 41 81806 E 41 18333 41 81806 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Artvin okrug amp oldid 1223740886, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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