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Wikipedia

Mem

February 08, 2023

This article is about the Semitic letter. For other uses, see Mem (disambiguation).

Mem (also spelled Meem, Meme, or Mim) is the thirteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Hebrew mēm מ‎, Aramaic Mem , Syriac mīm ܡ, Arabic mīm م and Phoenician mēm . Its sound value is [m].

Mem
Phoenician
Hebrew
מ ,ם‎
Aramaic
Syriac
ܡ
Arabic
م
Phonemic representationm
Position in alphabet13
Numerical value40
Alphabetic derivatives of the Phoenician
GreekΜ
LatinM
CyrillicМ

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek mu (Μ), Etruscan , Latin M, and Cyrillic М.

Origins

Mem is believed to derive from the Egyptian hieroglyphic symbol for water,

which had been simplified by the Phoenicians and named after their word for “water”, mem ( ), ultimately coming from Proto-Semitic *maʾ-/*may-.

Hebrew Mem

Orthographic variants of non-final form
Various print fonts Cursive
Hebrew 		Rashi
script
Serif Sans-serif Monospaced
מ מ מ    

Hebrew spelling: מֵם

Hebrew pronunciation

Mem represents a bilabial nasal [m].

Variations on written form/pronunciation

Orthographic variants of final form
Various Print Fonts Cursive
Hebrew 		Rashi
Script
Serif Sans-serif Monospaced
ם ם ם    

In Hebrew, Mem, like Kaph, Nun, Pe, and Tzadi, has a final form, used at the end of words: its shape changes from מ‎ to ם‎.

Significance

In gematria, Mem represents the number 40 in both the Standard and Mispar Gadol Methods of Gematria; However, (mem sofit) final mem's value is 40 in the Standard Method and 600 in the Mispar Gadol method. The Standard Method adds the values of Tav and Resh (400+200) to denote the value of mem sofit.

In the Sefer Yetzirah, the letter Mem is King over Water, Formed Earth in the Universe, Cold in the Year, and the Belly in the Soul.

As an abbreviation, it stands for metre. In the Israeli army it can also stand for mefaked, commander. In Hebrew religious texts, it can stand for the name of God Makom, the Place.

Mem and Tarot

Mem is associated with The Hanged Man (Atu XII), the element of water and the path between Geburah and Hod on the Tree of Life.

Arabic mīm

Mīm
م
Usage
Writing systemArabic script
TypeAbjad
Language of originArabic language
Phonetic usage[m]
Unicode codepointU+0645 م ARABIC LETTER MEEM
History
Development
  • م
Other
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

The letter is named mīm, and is written in several ways depending on its position in the word:

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help) 		م‎ ـم‎ ـمـ‎ مـ‎

Some examples on its uses in Modern Standard Arabic:

Mīm is used in the creation of ism words (i.e. nouns and adjectives; they are treated fundamentally the same in Arabic grammar). Specifically, mīm is used in the creation of the masdar (verbal noun) of Stem III verbs (the masdar of verbs on the pattern fāʿala is mufāʿala), of subject and object nouns for verbs of Stems II-X (using the example of Stem II, subject nouns—called fāʿil words because of their form in Stem I—are mufaʿʿil for verbs of Stems II-X, and object nouns—called mafʿūl also because of their Stem I form—take the form mufaʿʿal for verbs of Stems II-X). Place-nouns are also created with mīm; the pattern mafʿal is used to create maktab "office" from the triliteral k-t-b (to write) and maṣnaʿ "factory" from ṣ-n-ʿ (to make).

Syriac mim

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help) 		ܡ‎ ـܡ‎ ـܡـ‎ ܡـ‎

Character encodings

Character information
Preview מ ם م ܡ ࠌ ﬦ מּ
Unicode name HEBREW LETTER MEM HEBREW LETTER FINAL MEM ARABIC LETTER MEEM SYRIAC LETTER MIM SAMARITAN LETTER MIM HEBREW LETTER WIDE FINAL MEM HEBREW LETTER MEM WITH DAGESH
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 1502 U+05DE 1501 U+05DD 1605 U+0645 1825 U+0721 2060 U+080C 64294 U+FB26 64318 U+FB3E
UTF-8 215 158 D7 9E 215 157 D7 9D 217 133 D9 85 220 161 DC A1 224 160 140 E0 A0 8C 239 172 166 EF AC A6 239 172 190 EF AC BE
Numeric character reference מ מ ם ם م م ܡ ܡ ࠌ ࠌ ﬦ ﬦ מּ מּ


Character information
Preview 𐎎 𐡌 𐤌
Unicode name UGARITIC LETTER MEM IMPERIAL ARAMAIC LETTER MEM PHOENICIAN LETTER MEM
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 66446 U+1038E 67660 U+1084C 67852 U+1090C
UTF-8 240 144 142 142 F0 90 8E 8E 240 144 161 140 F0 90 A1 8C 240 144 164 140 F0 90 A4 8C
UTF-16 55296 57230 D800 DF8E 55298 56396 D802 DC4C 55298 56588 D802 DD0C
Numeric character reference 𐎎 𐎎 𐡌 𐡌 𐤌 𐤌

See also

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mem (letter).

February 08, 2023
this, article, about, semitic, letter, other, uses, disambiguation, also, spelled, meem, thirteenth, letter, semitic, abjads, including, hebrew, mēm, aramaic, syriac, mīm, arabic, mīm, phoenician, mēm, sound, value, lamed, phoenicianhebrewמ, aramaicsyriacܡarab. This article is about the Semitic letter For other uses see Mem disambiguation Mem also spelled Meem Meme or Mim is the thirteenth letter of the Semitic abjads including Hebrew mem מ Aramaic Mem Syriac mim ܡ Arabic mim م and Phoenician mem Its sound value is m Lamed Mem Nun PhoenicianHebrewמ ם AramaicSyriacܡArabicمPhonemic representationmPosition in alphabet13Numerical value40Alphabetic derivatives of the PhoenicianGreekMLatinMCyrillicMThe Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek mu M Etruscan Latin M and Cyrillic M Contents 1 Origins 2 Hebrew Mem 2 1 Hebrew pronunciation 2 2 Variations on written form pronunciation 2 3 Significance 2 4 Mem and Tarot 3 Arabic mim 4 Syriac mim 5 Character encodings 6 See also 7 External linksOrigins EditMem is believed to derive from the Egyptian hieroglyphic symbol for water which had been simplified by the Phoenicians and named after their word for water mem ultimately coming from Proto Semitic maʾ may Hebrew Mem EditOrthographic variants of non final formVarious print fonts CursiveHebrew RashiscriptSerif Sans serif Monospacedמ מ מ Hebrew spelling מ ם Hebrew pronunciation Edit Mem represents a bilabial nasal m Variations on written form pronunciation Edit Orthographic variants of final formVarious Print Fonts CursiveHebrew RashiScriptSerif Sans serif Monospacedם ם ם In Hebrew Mem like Kaph Nun Pe and Tzadi has a final form used at the end of words its shape changes from מ to ם Significance Edit In gematria Mem represents the number 40 in both the Standard and Mispar Gadol Methods of Gematria However mem sofit final mem s value is 40 in the Standard Method and 600 in the Mispar Gadol method The Standard Method adds the values of Tav and Resh 400 200 to denote the value of mem sofit In the Sefer Yetzirah the letter Mem is King over Water Formed Earth in the Universe Cold in the Year and the Belly in the Soul As an abbreviation it stands for metre In the Israeli army it can also stand for mefaked commander In Hebrew religious texts it can stand for the name of God Makom the Place Mem and Tarot Edit Mem is associated with The Hanged Man Atu XII the element of water and the path between Geburah and Hod on the Tree of Life Arabic mim EditMimمUsageWriting systemArabic scriptTypeAbjadLanguage of originArabic languagePhonetic usage m Unicode codepoint span class nowrap style mw parser output monospaced font family monospace monospace style span class monospaced U 0645 span span span style font size 125 line height 1em م span span style font size 85 ARABIC LETTER MEEM span HistoryDevelopmentمOtherThis article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet IPA For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA For the distinction between and see IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters The letter is named mim and is written in several ways depending on its position in the word Position in word Isolated Final Medial InitialGlyph form Help م ـم ـمـ مـ Some examples on its uses in Modern Standard Arabic Mim is used in the creation of ism words i e nouns and adjectives they are treated fundamentally the same in Arabic grammar Specifically mim is used in the creation of the masdar verbal noun of Stem III verbs the masdar of verbs on the pattern faʿala is mufaʿala of subject and object nouns for verbs of Stems II X using the example of Stem II subject nouns called faʿil words because of their form in Stem I are mufaʿʿil for verbs of Stems II X and object nouns called mafʿul also because of their Stem I form take the form mufaʿʿal for verbs of Stems II X Place nouns are also created with mim the pattern mafʿal is used to create maktab office from the triliteral k t b to write and maṣnaʿ factory from ṣ n ʿ to make Syriac mim EditPosition in word Isolated Final Medial InitialGlyph form Help ܡ ـܡ ـܡـ ܡـ Character encodings EditCharacter information Preview מ ם م ܡ ࠌ ﬦ מּUnicode name HEBREW LETTER MEM HEBREW LETTER FINAL MEM ARABIC LETTER MEEM SYRIAC LETTER MIM SAMARITAN LETTER MIM HEBREW LETTER WIDE FINAL MEM HEBREW LETTER MEM WITH DAGESHEncodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hexUnicode 1502 U 05DE 1501 U 05DD 1605 U 0645 1825 U 0721 2060 U 080C 64294 U FB26 64318 U FB3EUTF 8 215 158 D7 9E 215 157 D7 9D 217 133 D9 85 220 161 DC A1 224 160 140 E0 A0 8C 239 172 166 EF AC A6 239 172 190 EF AC BENumeric character reference amp 1502 wbr amp x5DE wbr amp 1501 wbr amp x5DD wbr amp 1605 wbr amp x645 wbr amp 1825 wbr amp x721 wbr amp 2060 wbr amp x80C wbr amp 64294 wbr amp xFB26 wbr amp 64318 wbr amp xFB3E wbr Character information Preview 𐎎 𐡌 𐤌Unicode name UGARITIC LETTER MEM IMPERIAL ARAMAIC LETTER MEM PHOENICIAN LETTER MEMEncodings decimal hex dec hex dec hexUnicode 66446 U 1038E 67660 U 1084C 67852 U 1090CUTF 8 240 144 142 142 F0 90 8E 8E 240 144 161 140 F0 90 A1 8C 240 144 164 140 F0 90 A4 8CUTF 16 55296 57230 D800 DF8E 55298 56396 D802 DC4C 55298 56588 D802 DD0CNumeric character reference amp 66446 wbr amp x1038E wbr amp 67660 wbr amp x1084C wbr amp 67852 wbr amp x1090C wbr See also EditNun letter External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mem letter Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mem amp oldid 1104085081 Arabic mim, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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