Maore Comorian, or Shimaore (FrenchMahorais), is one of the two indigenous languages spoken in the French-ruled Comorian islands of Mayotte; Shimaore being a dialect of the Comorian language, while ShiBushi is an unrelated Malayo-Polynesian language originally from Madagascar. Historically, Shimaore- and ShiBushi-speaking villages on Mayotte have been clearly identified, but Shimaore tends to be the de facto indigenous lingua franca in everyday life, because of the larger Shimaore-speaking population. Only Shimaore is represented on the local television news program by Mayotte La Première. The 2002 census references 80,140 speakers of Shimaore in Mayotte itself, to which one would have to add people living outside the island, mostly in metropolitan France. There are also 20,000 speakers of Comorian in Madagascar, of which 3,000 are Shimaore speakers.
The same 2002 census indicates that 37,840 persons responded as knowing how to read or write Shimaore. However this number has to be taken with caution, since it was a few years after this census was taken that a standard writing system was introduced.
From a sociolinguistic perspective, French tends to be regarded by many Shimaore speakers as the language of higher education and prestige, and there is a temptation by native Mahorans to provide an all-French education to their children. This puts a lot of pressure on Shimaore and the language may become endangered in the near future if nothing is done.[citation needed]
Although French remains the official language in Mayotte, Shimaore will probably be taught in Mahoran schools starting in the next few years,[when?] and a pilot project began in fall 2004. As in many parts of France where local languages are introduced in the school system, this has led to tensions between partisans of a French-centered education system and administrations, versus those promoting a more diversified approach.[citation needed] Shimaore's position in this regard is however different from other French regions (such as Brittany), since the language is locally spoken by a majority of the population. The project in Mayotte has been inspired by similar projects involving Swahili in eastern Africa countries.
Mayotte is a geographically small territory, but frequent exchanges between villages only began in the last quarter of the twentieth century. As of 2004, linguistic differences between the east and west part of the island, and between the main city of Mamoudzou and the remote villages, are still noticeable, especially when it comes to phonological differences. One typical example is the word u-la (to eat), notably pronounced this way in the city due to the influence of a brand of yogurt bearing the same name, but pronounced u-dja in other parts of the island.
Shimaore was traditionally written with an informal French-based Latin alphabet. On 22 February 2006, the Conseil de la Culture, de l'Éducation et de l'Environnement de Mayotte introduced an official alphabet developed by Association ShiMé that utilizes the basic Latin alphabet without c, q, and x and adds three letters: ɓ, ɗ, and v̄.[3] On 3 March 2020, the Conseil départemental de Mayotte announced the adoption of official orthographies in both Latin and Arabic scripts for Shimaore.[4][5]
Blanchy, Sophie (1987). L'interprète. Dictionnaire Mahorais - Français et Français - Mahorais. CMAC, Mayotte. L'Harmattan, Paris.
Cornice, Abdillahi D. (1999). Manuel grammatical de shimaore. Mamoudzou, Mayotte: L'Association SHIME - Le SHImaorais MEthodique.
Johansen Alnet, Aimee (2009). The clause structure of the Shimaore dialect of Comorian (Bantu). Ph.D thesis. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
Kordji, Chamsidine, Martine Jaquin, et alia (1999). Narifundrihe shimaore - Apprenons le shimaore. Association SHIME, Mamoudzou.
Maandhui, Ousseni (1996). Parlons Shimaore. Editions du Baobab, Mamoudzou.
Rombi, Marie-Françoise (1983). Le Shimaore (Île de Mayotte, Comores): Première approche d'un parler de la langue comorienne. Paris: Société d'Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France (SELAF).
External links
Ylangue
SHIME
Johansen Alnet's Thesis
January 13, 2023
maore, dialect, confused, with, māori, language, maore, comorian, shimaore, french, mahorais, indigenous, languages, spoken, french, ruled, comorian, islands, mayotte, shimaore, being, dialect, comorian, language, while, shibushi, unrelated, malayo, polynesian. Not to be confused with Maori language Maore Comorian or Shimaore French Mahorais is one of the two indigenous languages spoken in the French ruled Comorian islands of Mayotte Shimaore being a dialect of the Comorian language while ShiBushi is an unrelated Malayo Polynesian language originally from Madagascar Historically Shimaore and ShiBushi speaking villages on Mayotte have been clearly identified but Shimaore tends to be the de facto indigenous lingua franca in everyday life because of the larger Shimaore speaking population Only Shimaore is represented on the local television news program by Mayotte La Premiere The 2002 census references 80 140 speakers of Shimaore in Mayotte itself to which one would have to add people living outside the island mostly in metropolitan France There are also 20 000 speakers of Comorian in Madagascar of which 3 000 are Shimaore speakers MaoreShimaoreNative toMayotte MadagascarNative speakers152 000 2012 1 Language familyNiger Congo Atlantic CongoBenue CongoBantoidBantuNortheast Coast BantuSabakiComorianMaoreLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code swb class extiw title iso639 3 swb swb a Glottologmaor1244Guthrie codeG 44d 2 ELPMaore ComorianThis article contains IPA phonetic symbols Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of Unicode characters For an introductory guide on IPA symbols see Help IPA The same 2002 census indicates that 37 840 persons responded as knowing how to read or write Shimaore However this number has to be taken with caution since it was a few years after this census was taken that a standard writing system was introduced From a sociolinguistic perspective French tends to be regarded by many Shimaore speakers as the language of higher education and prestige and there is a temptation by native Mahorans to provide an all French education to their children This puts a lot of pressure on Shimaore and the language may become endangered in the near future if nothing is done citation needed Although French remains the official language in Mayotte Shimaore will probably be taught in Mahoran schools starting in the next few years when and a pilot project began in fall 2004 As in many parts of France where local languages are introduced in the school system this has led to tensions between partisans of a French centered education system and administrations versus those promoting a more diversified approach citation needed Shimaore s position in this regard is however different from other French regions such as Brittany since the language is locally spoken by a majority of the population The project in Mayotte has been inspired by similar projects involving Swahili in eastern Africa countries Mayotte is a geographically small territory but frequent exchanges between villages only began in the last quarter of the twentieth century As of 2004 linguistic differences between the east and west part of the island and between the main city of Mamoudzou and the remote villages are still noticeable especially when it comes to phonological differences One typical example is the word u la to eat notably pronounced this way in the city due to the influence of a brand of yogurt bearing the same name but pronounced u dja in other parts of the island Contents 1 Orthography and phonology 1 1 Phonology 1 1 1 Consonants 1 1 2 Vowels 2 Grammar 2 1 Noun classes 3 See also 4 Notes 5 See also 6 Bibliography 7 External linksOrthography and phonology EditShimaore was traditionally written with an informal French based Latin alphabet On 22 February 2006 the Conseil de la Culture de l Education et de l Environnement de Mayotte introduced an official alphabet developed by Association ShiMe that utilizes the basic Latin alphabet without c q and x and adds three letters ɓ ɗ and v 3 On 3 March 2020 the Conseil departemental de Mayotte announced the adoption of official orthographies in both Latin and Arabic scripts for Shimaore 4 5 Shimaore alphabetAlifuɓe ya Shimaore Letter A a B b Ɓ ɓImplosive D d Ɗ ɗImplosive E e F f G g H h I i J j K k L l M m N n O o P p R r S s T t U u V v V v W w Y y Z zIPA Value a b ɓ d ɗ e f ɡ h i ʒ k l m n o p r s t u v b w j z Digraphs Trigraphs Letter Dh dh Dj dj Dr dr Dz dz Mb mb Mp mp Nd nd Ndj ndj Ndr ndr Ndz ndz Ng ng Nts nts Ny ny Sh sh Th th Tr tr Ts ts Tsh tshIPA Value d d ʒ ɖ d z mb mp nd nd ʒ nɖ nd z ŋɡ nt s ɲ ʃ 8 ʈ t s t ʃ Phonology Edit Consonants Edit Labial Labio dental Dental Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar GlottalNasal m n ɲPlosive voiceless p t ʈ kvoiced b d ɖ ɡimplosive ɓ ɗprenasal ᵐp ᵐb ⁿd ᶯɖ ᵑɡAffricate voiceless ts tʃvoiced dz dʒprenasal ⁿts ⁿdz ᶮdʒFricative voiceless f 8 s ʃ hvoiced b v d z ʒRhotic rApproximant l j wThis language features an unusual contrast between b and v Vowels Edit Front Central BackHigh i uMid e oLow aThis is a basic five vowel system similar to that of languages such as Spanish Grammar EditNoun classes Edit zi mbuziCL10 DEF goatz anguCL10 AGR myz endr eCL10 SM go VH RETɓazarimarketzi mbuzi z angu z endr e ɓazariCL10 DEF goat CL10 AGR my CL10 SM go VH RET market My goats went to the market wa ntru washeCL2 person femalewa raruCL2 AGR threewa nguCL2 AGR mywa ntru washe wa raru wa nguCL2 person female CL2 AGR three CL2 AGR my my three wives Rombi 1983 123 6 See also EditAbdou BacoNotes Edit Comorian Maore Ethnologue Retrieved 2018 08 03 Jouni Filip Maho 2009 New Updated Guthrie List Online Alphabet du Shimaore Archived 2011 07 20 at the Wayback Machine in French https cg976 fr ressources raa 2020 file bulletinofficiel 30032020 bare URL https cg976 fr ressources dcp file alphabets langues mahoraises bare URL The Clause Structure Of The Shimaore Dialect Of Comorian Bantu by Aimee Johansen Alnet p 58See also EditMayotte LanguagesBibliography EditBlanchy Sophie 1987 L interprete Dictionnaire Mahorais Francais et Francais Mahorais CMAC Mayotte L Harmattan Paris Cornice Abdillahi D 1999 Manuel grammatical de shimaore Mamoudzou Mayotte L Association SHIME Le SHImaorais MEthodique Johansen Alnet Aimee 2009 The clause structure of the Shimaore dialect of Comorian Bantu Ph D thesis University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana Illinois Kordji Chamsidine Martine Jaquin et alia 1999 Narifundrihe shimaore Apprenons le shimaore Association SHIME Mamoudzou Maandhui Ousseni 1996 Parlons Shimaore Editions du Baobab Mamoudzou Rombi Marie Francoise 1983 Le Shimaore Ile de Mayotte Comores Premiere approche d un parler de la langue comorienne Paris Societe d Etudes Linguistiques et Anthropologiques de France SELAF External links EditYlangue SHIME Johansen Alnet s Thesis Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Maore dialect amp oldid 1126866355, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
