Zou Yan was a noted scholar of the Jixia Academy in the state of Qi. The British biochemist and sinologist, Joseph Needham, describes Zou as "The real founder of all Chinese scientific thought."[1] His teachings combined and systematized two current theories during the Warring States period: Yin-Yang and the Five Elements/Phases (wood, fire, earth, metal, and water). All of Zou Yan's writings have been lost and are only known through quotations in early Chinese texts. The best information comes from his brief biography in the Records of the Grand Historian (1st century BC) by Sima Qian. It describes him as a polymath (philosopher, historian, politician, naturalist, geographer, astrologer) who came from the coastal state of Qi (present day Shandong), where he was a member of the state-sponsored Jixia Academy. Needham writes:
He saw that the rulers were becoming ever more dissolute and incapable of valuing virtue. ... So he examined deeply into the phenomena of the increase and decrease of the Yin and the Yang, and wrote essays totaling more than 100,000 words about their strange permutations, and about the cycles of the great sages from beginning to end. His sayings were vast and far-reaching, and not in accord with the accepted beliefs of the classics. First he had to examine small objects, and from these he drew conclusions about large ones, until he reached what was without limit. First he spoke about modern times, and from this he went back to the time of (Huang Di). The scholars all studied his arts. ... He began by classifying China's notable mountains, great rivers and connecting valleys; its birds and beasts; the fruitfulness of its water and soils, and its rare products; and from this extended his survey to what is beyond the seas, and men are unable to observe. Then starting from the time of the separation of the Heavens and the Earth, and coming down, he made citations of the revolutions and transmutations of the Five Powers (Virtues), arranging them until each found its proper place and was confirmed (by history). (Zou Yan) maintained that what the Confucians called the "Middle Kingdom" (i.e. China) holds a place in the whole world of but one part in eighty-one. ... Princes, dukes and great officials, when they first witnessed his arts, fearfully transformed themselves, but later were unable to practice them.[1]
A depiction of Yan on the Chocolate Frog Card (made by the Harry Potter production team)
Zou Yan is commonly associated with Daoism and the origins of Chinese alchemy, going back to the (ca. 100 AD) Book of Han that calls him a fangshi (方士 [literally "technique master"] "alchemist; magician; exorcist; diviner"). Holmes Welch proposes the fangshi were among those whom Sima Qian described as "unable to practice" Zou Yan's arts, and says while Zou "gradually acquired alchemistical stature, he himself knew nothing of the art. It was probably developed by those of his followers who became interested in physical experimentation with the Five Elements."[2]
^ abNeedham, Joseph. 1978. The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China. Colin A. Ronan, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.142-143 ISBN0-521-21821-7
^Welch, Holmes. 1957. Taoism: The Parting of the Way. Boston: Beacon Press. pp.96-97 ISBN0-8070-5973-0
Further readingedit
Fung Yu-lun (1952). History of Chinese Philosophy. Vol. 1. p. 159-69.
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this, chinese, name, family, name, ɑː, chinese, warring, states, philosopher, spiritual, writer, best, known, representative, thinker, yang, school, school, naturalists, during, hundred, schools, thought, chinese, philosophy, traditional, chinese鄒衍simplified, . In this Chinese name the family name is Zou Zou Yan ˈ d z oʊ ˈ j ɑː n 305 BC 240 BC was a Chinese Warring States era philosopher and spiritual writer best known as the representative thinker of the Yin and Yang School or School of Naturalists during the Hundred Schools of Thought era in Chinese philosophy Zou YanTraditional Chinese鄒衍Simplified Chinese邹衍TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZōu YǎnWade GilesTsou1 Yen3IPA tso ʊ jɛ n Yue CantoneseYale RomanizationJau YinJyutpingZau1 Jin2Southern MinTai loTsau IanOld ChineseBaxter Sagart 2014 ts ˤro N q r anʔ Contents 1 Biography 2 See also 3 References 4 Further readingBiography editZou Yan was a noted scholar of the Jixia Academy in the state of Qi The British biochemist and sinologist Joseph Needham describes Zou as The real founder of all Chinese scientific thought 1 His teachings combined and systematized two current theories during the Warring States period Yin Yang and the Five Elements Phases wood fire earth metal and water All of Zou Yan s writings have been lost and are only known through quotations in early Chinese texts The best information comes from his brief biography in the Records of the Grand Historian 1st century BC by Sima Qian It describes him as a polymath philosopher historian politician naturalist geographer astrologer who came from the coastal state of Qi present day Shandong where he was a member of the state sponsored Jixia Academy Needham writes He saw that the rulers were becoming ever more dissolute and incapable of valuing virtue So he examined deeply into the phenomena of the increase and decrease of the Yin and the Yang and wrote essays totaling more than 100 000 words about their strange permutations and about the cycles of the great sages from beginning to end His sayings were vast and far reaching and not in accord with the accepted beliefs of the classics First he had to examine small objects and from these he drew conclusions about large ones until he reached what was without limit First he spoke about modern times and from this he went back to the time of Huang Di The scholars all studied his arts He began by classifying China s notable mountains great rivers and connecting valleys its birds and beasts the fruitfulness of its water and soils and its rare products and from this extended his survey to what is beyond the seas and men are unable to observe Then starting from the time of the separation of the Heavens and the Earth and coming down he made citations of the revolutions and transmutations of the Five Powers Virtues arranging them until each found its proper place and was confirmed by history Zou Yan maintained that what the Confucians called the Middle Kingdom i e China holds a place in the whole world of but one part in eighty one Princes dukes and great officials when they first witnessed his arts fearfully transformed themselves but later were unable to practice them 1 nbsp A depiction of Yan on the Chocolate Frog Card made by the Harry Potter production team Zou Yan is commonly associated with Daoism and the origins of Chinese alchemy going back to the ca 100 AD Book of Han that calls him a fangshi 方士 literally technique master alchemist magician exorcist diviner Holmes Welch proposes the fangshi were among those whom Sima Qian described as unable to practice Zou Yan s arts and says while Zou gradually acquired alchemistical stature he himself knew nothing of the art It was probably developed by those of his followers who became interested in physical experimentation with the Five Elements 2 See also editJiuzhouReferences edit a b Needham Joseph 1978 The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China Colin A Ronan ed Cambridge Cambridge University Press pp 142 143 ISBN 0 521 21821 7 Welch Holmes 1957 Taoism The Parting of the Way Boston Beacon Press pp 96 97 ISBN 0 8070 5973 0Further reading editFung Yu lun 1952 History of Chinese Philosophy Vol 1 p 159 69 nbsp This biography of a Chinese philosopher is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Zou Yan amp oldid 1156106767, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
