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Wikipedia

Windows Server 2008

January 26, 2023

Windows Server 2008 is the fourth release of the Windows Server operating system produced by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of the operating systems. It was released to manufacturing on February 4, 2008, and generally to retail on February 27, 2008. Derived from Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 is the successor of Windows Server 2003 and the predecessor to Windows Server 2008 R2.

Windows Server 2008
Version of the Windows NT operating system
Screenshot of Windows Server 2008 showing the Server Manager application which is automatically opened when an administrator logs on.
DeveloperMicrosoft
OS familyMicrosoft Windows
Source model
Released to
manufacturing		February 4, 2008; 14 years ago (2008-02-04)[1]
General
availability		February 27, 2008; 14 years ago (2008-02-27)[1]
Latest releaseService Pack 2 with March 19, 2019 or later update rollup (6.0.6003)[2] / March 19, 2019; 3 years ago (2019-03-19)
Marketing targetBusiness
Update methodWindows Update, Windows Server Update Services, SCCM
PlatformsIA-32, x86-64, Itanium
Kernel typeHybrid (Windows NT kernel)
Default
user interface		Windows shell (Graphical)
LicenseProprietary commercial software
Preceded byWindows Server 2003 (2003)
Succeeded byWindows Server 2008 R2 (2009)
Official website
Support status
Mainstream support ended on January 13, 2015[3][4]
Extended support ended on January 14, 2020[3][4]
Windows Server 2008 is eligible for the paid ESU (Extended Security Updates) program.[5] This program allowed volume license customers to purchase, in yearly installments, security updates for the operating system until January 10, 2023,[3] only for Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter volume licensed editions. The updates are included with a Microsoft Azure purchase and Azure customers receive ESU updates until January 9, 2024.[6][5][7]

Installing Service Pack 2 is required for users to receive updates and support after July 12, 2011[3][4]

Windows Server 2008 is the final version that supports IA-32-based processors (also known as 32-bit processors). Its successor, Windows Server 2008 R2, requires a 64-bit processor in any supported architecture (x86-64 for x86 and Itanium).

History

Microsoft had released Windows Vista to mixed reception, and their last Windows Server release was based on Windows XP. The operating system's working title was Windows Server Codename "Longhorn", but was later changed to Windows Server 2008 when Microsoft chairman Bill Gates announced it during his keynote address at WinHEC on May 16, 2007.[8]

Beta 1 was released on July 27, 2005; Beta 2 was announced and released on May 23, 2006, at WinHEC 2006 and Beta 3 was released publicly on April 25, 2007.[9] Release Candidate 0 was released to the general public on September 24, 2007[10] and Release Candidate 1 was released to the general public on December 5, 2007. Windows Server 2008 was released to manufacturing on February 4, 2008, and officially launched on the 27th of that month.[11]

Features

See also: Features new to Windows Vista

Windows Server 2008 is built from the same codebase as Windows Vista and thus it shares much of the same architecture and functionality. Since the codebase is common, Windows Server 2008 inherits most of the technical, security, management and administrative features new to Windows Vista such as the rewritten networking stack (native IPv6, native wireless, speed and security improvements); improved image-based installation, deployment and recovery; improved diagnostics, monitoring, event logging and reporting tools; new security features such as BitLocker and address space layout randomization (ASLR); the improved Windows Firewall with secure default configuration; .NET Framework 3.0 technologies, specifically Windows Communication Foundation, Microsoft Message Queuing and Windows Workflow Foundation; and the core kernel, memory and file system improvements. Processors and memory devices are modeled as Plug and Play devices to allow hot-plugging of these devices. This allows the system resources to be partitioned dynamically using dynamic hardware partitioning - each partition has its own memory, processor and I/O host bridge devices independent of other partitions.[12]

Server Core

 
Default user interface for Server Core. Because Server Core does not include a shell, programs such as Notepad use an embedded file dialog inherited from Windows 3.x/Windows NT 3.1.

Windows Server 2008 includes a variation of installation called Server Core. Server Core is a significantly scaled-back installation where no Windows Explorer shell is installed. It also lacks Internet Explorer, and many other non-essential features. All configuration and maintenance is done entirely through command-line interface windows, or by connecting to the machine remotely using Microsoft Management Console (MMC). Notepad and some Control Panel applets, such as Regional Settings, are available.

A Server Core installation can be configured for several basic roles, including the domain controller (Active Directory Domain Services), Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (formerly known as Active Directory Application Mode[13]), DNS Server, DHCP server, file server, print server, Windows Media Server, Internet Information Services 7 web server and Hyper-V virtual server roles. Server Core can also be used to create a cluster with high availability using failover clustering or network load balancing.

Andrew Mason, a program manager on the Windows Server team, noted that a primary motivation for producing a Server Core variant of Windows Server 2008 was to reduce the attack surface of the operating system, and that about 70% of the security vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows from the prior five years would not have affected Server Core.[14]

Active Directory

The Active Directory domain functionality that was retained from Windows Server 2003 was renamed to Active Directory Domain Services (ADDS).[15]

  • Active Directory Federation Services (ADFS) enables enterprises to share credentials with trusted partners and customers, allowing a consultant to use their company user name and password to log in on a client's network.
  • Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS), (formerly Active Directory Application Mode, or ADAM)
  • Active Directory Certificate Services (ADCS) allow administrators to manage user accounts and the digital certificates that allow them to access certain services and systems. Identity Integration Feature Pack is included as Active Directory Metadirectory Services.
  • Active Directory Rights Management Services (ADRMS)
  • Read-only domain controllers (RODCs), intended for use in branch office or other scenarios where a domain controller may reside in a low physical security environment. The RODC holds a non-writeable copy of Active Directory, and redirects all write attempts to a full domain controller. It replicates all accounts except sensitive ones.[16] In RODC mode, credentials are not cached by default. Also, local administrators can be designated to log on to the machine to perform maintenance tasks without requiring administrative rights on the entire domain.[17]
  • Restartable Active Directory allows ADDS to be stopped and restarted from the Management Console or the command-line without rebooting the domain controller. This reduces downtime for offline operations and reduces overall DC servicing requirements with Server Core. ADDS is implemented as a Domain Controller Service in Windows Server 2008.
  • All of the Group Policy improvements from Windows Vista are included. Group Policy Management Console (GPMC) is built-in. The Group Policy objects are indexed for search and can be commented on.[18]
  • Policy-based networking with Network Access Protection, improved branch management and enhanced end user collaboration. Policies can be created to ensure greater quality of service for certain applications or services that require prioritization of network bandwidth between client and server.
  • Granular password settings within a single domain - ability to implement different password policies for administrative accounts on a "group" and "user" basis, instead of a single set of password settings to the whole domain.

Failover Clustering

Main article: Microsoft Cluster Server

Windows Server 2008 offers high availability to services and applications through Failover Clustering. Most server features and roles can be kept running with little to no downtime.

In Windows Server 2008, the way clusters are qualified changed significantly with the introduction of the cluster validation wizard.[19] The cluster validation wizard is a feature that is integrated into failover clustering in Windows Server 2008. With the cluster validation wizard, an administrator can run a set of focused tests on a collection of servers that are intended to use as nodes in a cluster. This cluster validation process tests the underlying hardware and software directly, and individually, to obtain an accurate assessment of how well failover clustering can be supported on a given configuration.

This feature is only available in Enterprise and Datacenter editions of Windows Server.

Disk management and file storage

  • The ability to resize hard disk partitions without stopping the server, even the system partition. This applies only to simple and spanned volumes, not to striped volumes.
  • Shadow Copy based block-level backup which supports optical media, network shares and Windows Recovery Environment.
  • DFS enhancements - SYSVOL on DFS-R, Read-only Folder Replication Member. There is also support for domain-based DFS namespaces that exceed the previous size recommendation of 5,000 folders with targets in a namespace.[20]
  • Several improvements to Failover Clustering (high-availability clusters).[21]
  • Internet Storage Naming Server (iSNS) enables central registration, deregistration and queries for iSCSI hard drives.
  • Self-healing NTFS: In Windows versions prior to Windows Vista, if the operating system detected corruption in the file system of an NTFS volume, it marked the volume "dirty"; to correct errors on the volume, it had to be taken offline. With self-healing NTFS, an NTFS worker thread is spawned in the background which performs a localized fix-up of damaged data structures, with only the corrupted files/folders remaining unavailable without locking out the entire volume and needing the server to be taken down. S.M.A.R.T. detection techniques were added to help determine when a hard disk may fail.[22]

Hyper-V

 
Hyper-V architecture
Main article: Hyper-V

Hyper-V is hypervisor-based virtualization software, forming a core part of Microsoft's virtualization strategy. It virtualizes servers on an operating system's kernel layer. It can be thought of as partitioning a single physical server into multiple small computational partitions. Hyper-V includes the ability to act as a Xen virtualization hypervisor host allowing Xen-enabled guest operating systems to run virtualized.[23] A beta version of Hyper-V shipped with certain x86-64 editions of Windows Server 2008, prior to Microsoft's release of the final version of Hyper-V on 26 June 2008 as a free download. Also, a standalone variant of Hyper-V exists; this variant supports only x86-64 architecture.[24] While the IA-32 editions of Windows Server 2008 cannot run or install Hyper-V, they can run the MMC snap-in for managing Hyper-V.

Windows System Resource Manager

Main article: Windows System Resource Manager

Windows System Resource Manager (WSRM) is integrated into Windows Server 2008. It provides resource management and can be used to control the amount of resources a process or a user can use based on business priorities. Process Matching Criteria, which is defined by the name, type or owner of the process, enforces restrictions on the resource usage by a process that matches the criteria. CPU time, bandwidth that it can use, number of processors it can be run on, and allocated to a process can be restricted. Restrictions can be set to be imposed only on certain dates as well.

Server Manager

Server Manager is a new roles-based management tool for Windows Server 2008.[25] It is a combination of Manage Your Server and Security Configuration Wizard from Windows Server 2003. Server Manager is an improvement of the Configure my server dialog that launches by default on Windows Server 2003 machines. However, rather than serve only as a starting point to configuring new roles, Server Manager gathers together all of the operations users would want to conduct on the server, such as, getting a remote deployment method set up, adding more server roles etc., and provides a consolidated, portal-like view about the status of each role.[26]

Protocol and cryptography

Miscellaneous

Removed features

See also: Features removed from Windows Vista

Editions

 
Installation disc of Enterprise edition (beta 3)

Most editions of Windows Server 2008 are available in x86-64 and IA-32 variants. These editions come in two DVDs: One for installing the IA-32 variant and the other for x64. Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-based Systems supports IA-64 processors. The IA-64 variant is optimized for high-workload scenarios like database servers and Line of Business (LOB) applications. As such, it is not optimized for use as a file server or media server. Windows Server 2008 is the last 32-bit Windows server operating system.[33] Editions of Windows Server 2008 include:[34]

The Microsoft Imagine program, known as DreamSpark at the time, used to provide verified students with the 32-bit variant of Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition, but the version has since then been removed. However, they still provide the R2 release.

The Server Core feature is available in the Web, Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter editions.

Windows Server 2008 Foundation Released on May 21, 2009.[38]

System requirements

System requirements for Windows Server 2008 are as follows:

Criteria 2008 2008 R2
Minimum[39] Recommended[39] Minimum[40] Recommended[40]
CPU
  • 1 GHz (IA-32)
  • 1.4 GHz (x86-64 or Itanium)
 2 GHz or faster 1.4 GHz (x86-64 or Itanium) 2 GHz or faster
RAM 512 MB 2 GB or greater 512 MB 2 GB or greater
HDD[a]
  • Other editions, 32-bit: 20 GB
  • Other editions, 64-bit: 32 GB
  • Foundation: 10 GB[41]
 40 GB or greater
  • Foundation: 10 GB
  • Other editions: 32 GB
  • Foundation: 10 GB or greater
  • Other editions: 32 GB or greater
Devices DVD drive, 800 × 600 or higher display, keyboard and mouse

Scalability

Windows Server 2008 supports the following maximum hardware specifications:[42][43][44]

Specification Windows Server 2008 SP2 Windows Server 2008 R2
Physical processors
("sockets")[43]
  • Standard: 4
  • Enterprise: 8
  • Datacenter: 32
  • Standard: 4
  • Enterprise: 8
  • Datacenter: 64
Logical processors
when Hyper-V is disabled[43]
256
Logical processors
when Hyper-V is enabled[43]
64
Memory
on IA-32[44]
  • Standard, Web: 4 GB
  • Enterprise, Datacenter: 64 GB
 —
Memory
on x64[44]
  • Standard, Web: 32 GB
  • HPC: 128 GB
  • Enterprise, Datacenter: 1 TB
  • Foundation: 8 GB
  • Standard, Web: 32 GB
  • HPC: 128 GB
  • Enterprise, Datacenter: 2 TB
Memory
on Itanium[44]		 2 TB

Updates

Main article: Windows Vista § Updates

Windows Server 2008 shares most of its updates with Windows Vista, given that the operating systems share a codebase. A workaround using the Microsoft Update Catalog allowed the installation of updates for Windows Server 2008 on Windows Vista,[45] adding nearly 3 years of security updates to that operating system (Support for Windows Vista ended on April 11, 2017,[46] while support for Windows Server 2008 ended on January 14, 2020).

Service Pack 2

Main article: Windows Vista § Service Pack 2

The RTM release of Windows Server 2008 already includes the updates and fixes of Windows Vista Service Pack 1.

Service Pack 2 was initially announced on October 24, 2008[47] and released on May 26, 2009. Service Pack 2 added new features, such as Windows Search 4.0, support for Bluetooth 2.1, the ability to write to Blu-ray discs, and simpler Wi-Fi configuration. Windows Server 2008 specifically received the final release of Hyper-V 1.0, improved backwards compatibility with Terminal Server license keys and an approximate 10% reduction in power usage with this service pack.[48]

Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 share the same service pack update binary.[49]

Platform Update

On October 27, 2009, Microsoft released the Platform Update for Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista. It backports several APIs and libraries introduced in Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 to Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista, including the Ribbon API, DirectX 11, the XPS library, the Windows Automation API and the Portable Device Platform.[50] A supplemental update was released in 2011 to provide improvements and bug fixes.[51]

Internet Explorer 9

Main article: Internet Explorer 9

Windows Server 2008 shipped with Internet Explorer 7, the same version that shipped with Windows Vista. The last supported version of Internet Explorer for Windows Server 2008 is Internet Explorer 9, released in 2011. Internet Explorer 9 was continually updated with cumulative monthly update rollups until support for Internet Explorer 9 on Windows Server 2008 ended on January 14, 2020.[52] Extended Security Updates (ESU) continue until January 9, 2024 for Azure customers.

.NET Framework

The latest supported version of the .NET Framework officially is version 4.6, released on October 15, 2015.[53]

TLS 1.1 and 1.2 support

In July 2017, Microsoft released an update to add TLS 1.1 and 1.2 support to Windows Server 2008, however it is disabled by default after installing the update.[54]

SHA-2 signing support

Starting in March 2019, Microsoft began transitioning to exclusively signing Windows updates with the SHA-2 algorithm. As a result of this Microsoft released several updates throughout 2019 to add SHA-2 signing support to Windows Server 2008.[55]

Monthly update rollups

In June 2018, Microsoft announced that they would be moving Windows Server 2008 to a monthly update model beginning with updates released in September 2018[56] - two years after Microsoft switched the rest of their supported operating systems to that model.[57]

With the new update model, instead of updates being released as they became available, only two update packages were released on the second Tuesday of every month until Windows Server 2008 reached its end of life - one package containing security and quality updates, and a smaller package that contained only the security updates. Users could choose which package they wanted to install each month. Later in the month, another package would be released which was a preview of the next month's security and quality update rollup.

Installing the preview rollup package released for Windows Server 2008 on March 19, 2019, or any later released rollup package, will update the operating system kernel's build number from version 6.0.6002 to 6.0.6003. This change was made so Microsoft could continue to service the operating system while avoiding “version-related issues”.[58]

The last free security update rollup packages were released on January 14, 2020.[59]

Windows Server 2008 R2

Main article: Windows Server 2008 R2

A second release of Windows Server 2008 based on Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009[60] and became generally available on October 22, 2009.[61] New features added in Windows Server 2008 R2 include new virtualization features, new Active Directory features, Internet Information Services 7.5 and support for up to 256 logical processors. It is the first server operating system by Microsoft to exclusively support 64-bit processors, while consumer-oriented versions of Windows maintained 32-bit support until Windows 11 in 2021.

A service pack for Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, formally designed Service Pack 1, was released in February 2011.[62]

Support lifecycle

Support for the RTM version of Windows Server 2008 ended on July 12, 2011,[3][4] and users can no longer receive further security updates for the operating system. As a component of Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008 with Service Pack 2 continued to be supported with security updates, lasting until January 14, 2020, the same respective end-of-life dates of its successor, Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7.

Microsoft planned to end support for Windows Server 2008 on January 12, 2016. However, in order to give customers more time to migrate to newer Windows versions, particularly in developing or emerging markets, Microsoft decided to extend support to January 14, 2020.[6][5][7]

Windows Server 2008 is eligible for the paid Extended Security Updates (ESU) program. The program allowed volume license customers to purchase, in yearly installments, security updates for the operating system for three additional years, until January 10, 2023. The program is also included with Microsoft Azure purchases, and Azure customers receive an extra year of support, until January 9, 2024. The licenses are paid for on a per-machine basis. If a user purchases an Extended Security Updates license in a later year of the program, they must pay for any previous years of Extended Security Updates as well. [6][63]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Computers with more than 16 GB of RAM require more disk space for paging, hibernation, and dump files[40]

References

  1. ^ a b "As Windows Server 2008 RTMs, Customers and Partners Adopting with Help of New Tools, Training". News Center. Redmond, WA: Microsoft. 4 February 2008.
  2. ^ "Build number changing to 6003 in Windows Server 2008". support.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Microsoft Product Lifecycle". Support. Microsoft. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d "Install Windows Vista Service Pack 2 (SP2)". Support. Microsoft. Retrieved April 12, 2010.
  5. ^ a b c "Extended Security Updates for SQL Server and Windows Server 2008 and 2008 R2 | Microsoft". www.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  6. ^ a b c tfosmark. "Product Lifecycle FAQ - Extended Security Updates - Microsoft Lifecycle". docs.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  7. ^ a b "Announcing new options for SQL Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 End of Support". azure.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  8. ^ Miller, Michael J. (2007-05-15). "Gates at WinHec 2007: Windows Server 2008, Rally, Home Server and More". Forward Thinking. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
  9. ^ Lowe, David (2007-04-25). "Beta 3 is Go!". Windows Server Division WebLog. Microsoft. Retrieved 2007-04-25.
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  11. ^ Nate Mook (10 July 2007). "New Windows Server, Visual Studio, SQL Server to Launch in February". BetaNews. Retrieved 2007-07-11.
  12. ^ "Dynamic Hardware Partitioning Architecture". MSDN. Retrieved 2007-07-23.
  13. ^ Archiveddocs. "Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services Overview". docs.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2020-01-15.
  14. ^ "Iain McDonald and Andrew Mason show off the new Windows Server OS". Channel 9. Microsoft. May 24, 2006. Retrieved 2008-11-01. 18:55
  15. ^ Hynes, Byron (November 2006). "The Future of Windows: Directory Services in Windows Server 2008". TechNet Magazine. Retrieved 2007-05-02.
  16. ^ "Deploying Windows Server 2008 Read Only Domain Controllers". docs.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2020-01-15.
  17. ^ "Q. What is a read-only domain controller (RODC)?". IT Pro. 2008-03-24. Retrieved 2020-01-15.
  18. ^ Ward, Keith (2007-10-08). . Redmond Developer News. Archived from the original on 2009-08-04. Retrieved 2014-10-10.
  19. ^ "Failover Cluster Validation Error 80070005 on Windows Server 2008 R2 x64". Capitalhead. 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2013-10-28.
  20. ^ Zoeller, Jill (26 July 2007). "New in Windows Server 2008: Breaking the 5K Folder "Barrier" in Domain-Based Namespaces". The Storage Team at Microsoft - File Cabinet Blog. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  21. ^ "Failover Clustering with Windows Server 2008 including Cluster shared volumes". Microsoft. 2007-01-17. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
  22. ^ Loveall, John (2006). "Storage improvements in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008" (PowerPoint). Microsoft Corporation. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
  23. ^ "Benchmarking Hyper-V on Windows Server 2008 R2 x64". 2010-01-20. Retrieved 2010-01-28.
  24. ^ "Microsoft Extends Virtualization Strategy, Outlines Product Road Map". Microsoft. 2006-05-22. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
  25. ^ "Server Manager". Windows Server 2008 Technical Library. Microsoft TechNet. 2007-06-25. Retrieved 2007-05-02.
  26. ^ "Unexpected error refreshing Server Manager-0x800706BE and 1601 on Window Server 2008 R2". Retrieved 2010-11-05.
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  28. ^ a b "Removed technologies in Routing and Remote Access in Windows Server 2008". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  29. ^ "Windows Server Backup Step-by-Step Guide for Windows Server 2008". TechNet. Microsoft. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  30. ^ "Exchange Server 2007 Service Pack 2 available in Q3 2009". The Exchange Team Blog. 11 May 2009. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  31. ^ Bilic, Nino (18 June 2008). "To Backup or Not to Backup? Yes! To backup!!". The Exchange Team Blog. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  32. ^ "IIS 7.0 Protocols". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  33. ^ Heaton, Alex (2007-05-18). "On 64-bit and Windows Client". Windows Vista Team Blog. Retrieved 2007-07-09.
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  41. ^ "Microsoft Windows Server 2008 System Requirements". Microsoft. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
  42. ^ Savill, John (October 28, 2011). "Q: What are Windows Server 8's Scalability Numbers?". Windows IT Pro. Penton Media. Retrieved November 5, 2011.
  43. ^ a b c d Seldam, Matthijs ten (October 13, 2012). "Windows Server - Sockets, Logical Processors, Symmetric Multi Threading". Matthijs's blog. Microsoft. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  44. ^ a b c d "Memory Limits for Windows and Windows Server Releases". MSDN. Microsoft. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
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  48. ^ . Archived from the original on 2009-02-12.
  49. ^ . blogs.windows.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
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  56. ^ Mackie, Kurt; 06/13/2018. "Microsoft Switching Windows Server 2008 SP2 to Monthly Update Rollup Model -- Redmondmag.com". Redmondmag. Retrieved 2021-03-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  57. ^ "Community". forums.ivanti.com. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
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  59. ^ "January 14, 2020—KB4534303 (Monthly Rollup)". support.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
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Further reading

  • "What's New in Networking". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  • "Changes in Functionality from Windows Server 2003 with SP1 to Windows Server 2008". TechNet. Microsoft. 21 January 2008. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  • "Description of the Microsoft server applications that are supported on Windows Server 2008". Support. Microsoft. 23 April 2012. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  • "Windows Server 2008 System Requirements". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  • Henderson, Tom; Dvorak, Rand (21 February 2008). "Windows Server 2008: Faster, more manageable and secure, but still missing the virtual link". Network World. IDG. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  • Radzikowski, Przemek (21 February 2010). "How to Find Build and Revision Number of Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008 Installed". Capitalhead. Capitalhead Pty. Ltd. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
  • Stanek, William (2008). Windows Server 2008 Inside Out. Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-0-7356-2438-2.

External links

 
Wikiversity has learning resources about Windows Server
  • Windows Server Performance Team Blog

January 26, 2023
windows, server, 2008, fourth, release, windows, server, operating, system, produced, microsoft, part, windows, family, operating, systems, released, manufacturing, february, 2008, generally, retail, february, 2008, derived, from, windows, vista, successor, wi. Windows Server 2008 is the fourth release of the Windows Server operating system produced by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of the operating systems It was released to manufacturing on February 4 2008 and generally to retail on February 27 2008 Derived from Windows Vista Windows Server 2008 is the successor of Windows Server 2003 and the predecessor to Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows Server 2008Version of the Windows NT operating systemScreenshot of Windows Server 2008 showing the Server Manager application which is automatically opened when an administrator logs on DeveloperMicrosoftOS familyMicrosoft WindowsSource modelClosed sourceSource available through Shared Source Initiative Released to manufacturingFebruary 4 2008 14 years ago 2008 02 04 1 GeneralavailabilityFebruary 27 2008 14 years ago 2008 02 27 1 Latest releaseService Pack 2 with March 19 2019 or later update rollup 6 0 6003 2 March 19 2019 3 years ago 2019 03 19 Marketing targetBusinessUpdate methodWindows Update Windows Server Update Services SCCMPlatformsIA 32 x86 64 ItaniumKernel typeHybrid Windows NT kernel Defaultuser interfaceWindows shell Graphical LicenseProprietary commercial softwarePreceded byWindows Server 2003 2003 Succeeded byWindows Server 2008 R2 2009 Official websiteWindows Server 2008Support statusMainstream support ended on January 13 2015 3 4 Extended support ended on January 14 2020 3 4 Windows Server 2008 is eligible for the paid ESU Extended Security Updates program 5 This program allowed volume license customers to purchase in yearly installments security updates for the operating system until January 10 2023 3 only for Standard Enterprise and Datacenter volume licensed editions The updates are included with a Microsoft Azure purchase and Azure customers receive ESU updates until January 9 2024 6 5 7 Installing Service Pack 2 is required for users to receive updates and support after July 12 2011 3 4 Windows Server 2008 is the final version that supports IA 32 based processors also known as 32 bit processors Its successor Windows Server 2008 R2 requires a 64 bit processor in any supported architecture x86 64 for x86 and Itanium Contents 1 History 2 Features 2 1 Server Core 2 2 Active Directory 2 3 Failover Clustering 2 4 Disk management and file storage 2 5 Hyper V 2 6 Windows System Resource Manager 2 7 Server Manager 2 8 Protocol and cryptography 2 9 Miscellaneous 3 Removed features 4 Editions 5 System requirements 6 Scalability 7 Updates 7 1 Service Pack 2 7 2 Platform Update 7 3 Internet Explorer 9 7 4 NET Framework 7 5 TLS 1 1 and 1 2 support 7 6 SHA 2 signing support 7 7 Monthly update rollups 8 Windows Server 2008 R2 9 Support lifecycle 10 See also 11 Notes 12 References 13 Further reading 14 External linksHistory EditMicrosoft had released Windows Vista to mixed reception and their last Windows Server release was based on Windows XP The operating system s working title was Windows Server Codename Longhorn but was later changed to Windows Server 2008 when Microsoft chairman Bill Gates announced it during his keynote address at WinHEC on May 16 2007 8 Beta 1 was released on July 27 2005 Beta 2 was announced and released on May 23 2006 at WinHEC 2006 and Beta 3 was released publicly on April 25 2007 9 Release Candidate 0 was released to the general public on September 24 2007 10 and Release Candidate 1 was released to the general public on December 5 2007 Windows Server 2008 was released to manufacturing on February 4 2008 and officially launched on the 27th of that month 11 Features EditSee also Features new to Windows Vista Windows Server 2008 is built from the same codebase as Windows Vista and thus it shares much of the same architecture and functionality Since the codebase is common Windows Server 2008 inherits most of the technical security management and administrative features new to Windows Vista such as the rewritten networking stack native IPv6 native wireless speed and security improvements improved image based installation deployment and recovery improved diagnostics monitoring event logging and reporting tools new security features such as BitLocker and address space layout randomization ASLR the improved Windows Firewall with secure default configuration NET Framework 3 0 technologies specifically Windows Communication Foundation Microsoft Message Queuing and Windows Workflow Foundation and the core kernel memory and file system improvements Processors and memory devices are modeled as Plug and Play devices to allow hot plugging of these devices This allows the system resources to be partitioned dynamically using dynamic hardware partitioning each partition has its own memory processor and I O host bridge devices independent of other partitions 12 Server Core Edit Default user interface for Server Core Because Server Core does not include a shell programs such as Notepad use an embedded file dialog inherited from Windows 3 x Windows NT 3 1 Windows Server 2008 includes a variation of installation called Server Core Server Core is a significantly scaled back installation where no Windows Explorer shell is installed It also lacks Internet Explorer and many other non essential features All configuration and maintenance is done entirely through command line interface windows or by connecting to the machine remotely using Microsoft Management Console MMC Notepad and some Control Panel applets such as Regional Settings are available A Server Core installation can be configured for several basic roles including the domain controller Active Directory Domain Services Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services formerly known as Active Directory Application Mode 13 DNS Server DHCP server file server print server Windows Media Server Internet Information Services 7 web server and Hyper V virtual server roles Server Core can also be used to create a cluster with high availability using failover clustering or network load balancing Andrew Mason a program manager on the Windows Server team noted that a primary motivation for producing a Server Core variant of Windows Server 2008 was to reduce the attack surface of the operating system and that about 70 of the security vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows from the prior five years would not have affected Server Core 14 Active Directory Edit The Active Directory domain functionality that was retained from Windows Server 2003 was renamed to Active Directory Domain Services ADDS 15 Active Directory Federation Services ADFS enables enterprises to share credentials with trusted partners and customers allowing a consultant to use their company user name and password to log in on a client s network Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services AD LDS formerly Active Directory Application Mode or ADAM Active Directory Certificate Services ADCS allow administrators to manage user accounts and the digital certificates that allow them to access certain services and systems Identity Integration Feature Pack is included as Active Directory Metadirectory Services Active Directory Rights Management Services ADRMS Read only domain controllers RODCs intended for use in branch office or other scenarios where a domain controller may reside in a low physical security environment The RODC holds a non writeable copy of Active Directory and redirects all write attempts to a full domain controller It replicates all accounts except sensitive ones 16 In RODC mode credentials are not cached by default Also local administrators can be designated to log on to the machine to perform maintenance tasks without requiring administrative rights on the entire domain 17 Restartable Active Directory allows ADDS to be stopped and restarted from the Management Console or the command line without rebooting the domain controller This reduces downtime for offline operations and reduces overall DC servicing requirements with Server Core ADDS is implemented as a Domain Controller Service in Windows Server 2008 All of the Group Policy improvements from Windows Vista are included Group Policy Management Console GPMC is built in The Group Policy objects are indexed for search and can be commented on 18 Policy based networking with Network Access Protection improved branch management and enhanced end user collaboration Policies can be created to ensure greater quality of service for certain applications or services that require prioritization of network bandwidth between client and server Granular password settings within a single domain ability to implement different password policies for administrative accounts on a group and user basis instead of a single set of password settings to the whole domain Failover Clustering Edit Main article Microsoft Cluster Server Windows Server 2008 offers high availability to services and applications through Failover Clustering Most server features and roles can be kept running with little to no downtime In Windows Server 2008 the way clusters are qualified changed significantly with the introduction of the cluster validation wizard 19 The cluster validation wizard is a feature that is integrated into failover clustering in Windows Server 2008 With the cluster validation wizard an administrator can run a set of focused tests on a collection of servers that are intended to use as nodes in a cluster This cluster validation process tests the underlying hardware and software directly and individually to obtain an accurate assessment of how well failover clustering can be supported on a given configuration This feature is only available in Enterprise and Datacenter editions of Windows Server Disk management and file storage Edit The ability to resize hard disk partitions without stopping the server even the system partition This applies only to simple and spanned volumes not to striped volumes Shadow Copy based block level backup which supports optical media network shares and Windows Recovery Environment DFS enhancements SYSVOL on DFS R Read only Folder Replication Member There is also support for domain based DFS namespaces that exceed the previous size recommendation of 5 000 folders with targets in a namespace 20 Several improvements to Failover Clustering high availability clusters 21 Internet Storage Naming Server iSNS enables central registration deregistration and queries for iSCSI hard drives Self healing NTFS In Windows versions prior to Windows Vista if the operating system detected corruption in the file system of an NTFS volume it marked the volume dirty to correct errors on the volume it had to be taken offline With self healing NTFS an NTFS worker thread is spawned in the background which performs a localized fix up of damaged data structures with only the corrupted files folders remaining unavailable without locking out the entire volume and needing the server to be taken down S M A R T detection techniques were added to help determine when a hard disk may fail 22 Hyper V Edit Hyper V architecture Main article Hyper V Hyper V is hypervisor based virtualization software forming a core part of Microsoft s virtualization strategy It virtualizes servers on an operating system s kernel layer It can be thought of as partitioning a single physical server into multiple small computational partitions Hyper V includes the ability to act as a Xen virtualization hypervisor host allowing Xen enabled guest operating systems to run virtualized 23 A beta version of Hyper V shipped with certain x86 64 editions of Windows Server 2008 prior to Microsoft s release of the final version of Hyper V on 26 June 2008 as a free download Also a standalone variant of Hyper V exists this variant supports only x86 64 architecture 24 While the IA 32 editions of Windows Server 2008 cannot run or install Hyper V they can run the MMC snap in for managing Hyper V Windows System Resource Manager Edit Main article Windows System Resource Manager Windows System Resource Manager WSRM is integrated into Windows Server 2008 It provides resource management and can be used to control the amount of resources a process or a user can use based on business priorities Process Matching Criteria which is defined by the name type or owner of the process enforces restrictions on the resource usage by a process that matches the criteria CPU time bandwidth that it can use number of processors it can be run on and allocated to a process can be restricted Restrictions can be set to be imposed only on certain dates as well Server Manager Edit Server Manager is a new roles based management tool for Windows Server 2008 25 It is a combination of Manage Your Server and Security Configuration Wizard from Windows Server 2003 Server Manager is an improvement of the Configure my server dialog that launches by default on Windows Server 2003 machines However rather than serve only as a starting point to configuring new roles Server Manager gathers together all of the operations users would want to conduct on the server such as getting a remote deployment method set up adding more server roles etc and provides a consolidated portal like view about the status of each role 26 Protocol and cryptography Edit Support for 128 and 256 bit AES encryption for the Kerberos authentication protocol New cryptography CNG API which supports elliptic curve cryptography and improved certificate management Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol a new Microsoft proprietary VPN protocol AuthIP a Microsoft proprietary extension of the IKE cryptographic protocol used in IPsec VPN networks Server Message Block 2 0 protocol in the new TCP IP stack provides a number of communication enhancements including greater performance when connecting to file shares over high latency links and better security through the use of mutual authentication and message signing Miscellaneous Edit Fully componentized operating system Improved hot patching a feature that allows non kernel patches to occur without the need for a reboot Support for being booted from Extensible Firmware Interface EFI compliant firmware on x86 64 systems Dynamic Hardware Partitioning supports hot addition or replacement of processors and memory on capable hardware Windows Deployment Services WDS replacing Automated Deployment Services Windows Server 2008 home entertainment and Remote Installation Services Windows Deployment Services supports an enhanced multicast feature when deploying operating system images 27 Internet Information Services 7 Increased security Robocopy deployment improved diagnostic tools delegated administration Windows Internal Database a variant of SQL Server Express 2005 which serves as a common storage back end for several other components such as Windows System Resource Manager Windows SharePoint Services and Windows Server Update Services It is not intended to be used by third party applications An optional desktop experience component provides the same Windows Aero user interface as Windows Vista both for local users as well as remote users connecting through Remote Desktop Removed features EditSee also Features removed from Windows Vista The Open Shortest Path First OSPF routing protocol component in Routing and Remote Access Service was removed 28 Services for Macintosh which provided file and print sharing via the now deprecated AppleTalk protocol has been removed Services for Macintosh were initially removed in Windows XP but were available in Windows Server 2003 28 NTBackup is replaced by Windows Server Backup and no longer supports backing up to tape drives 29 As a result of NTBackup removal Exchange Server 2007 does not have volume snapshot backup functionality however Exchange Server 2007 SP2 adds back an Exchange backup plug in for Windows Server Backup which restores partial functionality 30 Windows Small Business Server and Windows Essential Business Server both include this Exchange backup component 31 The POP3 service has been removed from Internet Information Services 7 0 32 The SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol service is not available as a server role in IIS 7 0 it is a server feature managed through IIS 6 0 NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol is no longer part of Internet Information Services 7 0 ReadyBoost which is available in Windows Vista is not supported in Windows Server 2008 Editions Edit Installation disc of Enterprise edition beta 3 Most editions of Windows Server 2008 are available in x86 64 and IA 32 variants These editions come in two DVDs One for installing the IA 32 variant and the other for x64 Windows Server 2008 for Itanium based Systems supports IA 64 processors The IA 64 variant is optimized for high workload scenarios like database servers and Line of Business LOB applications As such it is not optimized for use as a file server or media server Windows Server 2008 is the last 32 bit Windows server operating system 33 Editions of Windows Server 2008 include 34 Windows Server 2008 Foundation codenamed Lima x86 64 for OEMs only 35 Windows Server 2008 Standard IA 32 and x86 64 Windows Server 2008 Enterprise IA 32 and x86 64 Windows Server 2008 Datacenter IA 32 and x86 64 Windows Server 2008 for Itanium based Systems IA 64 Windows Web Server 2008 IA 32 and x86 64 Windows HPC Server 2008 codenamed Socrates replacing Windows Compute Cluster Server Windows Storage Server 2008 codenamed Magni IA 32 and x86 64 Windows Small Business Server 2008 codenamed Cougar x86 64 for small businesses Windows Essential Business Server 2008 codenamed Centro x86 64 for medium sized businesses 36 this edition was discontinued in 2010 37 The Microsoft Imagine program known as DreamSpark at the time used to provide verified students with the 32 bit variant of Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition but the version has since then been removed However they still provide the R2 release The Server Core feature is available in the Web Standard Enterprise and Datacenter editions Windows Server 2008 Foundation Released on May 21 2009 38 System requirements EditSystem requirements for Windows Server 2008 are as follows Criteria 2008 2008 R2Minimum 39 Recommended 39 Minimum 40 Recommended 40 CPU 1 GHz IA 32 1 4 GHz x86 64 or Itanium 2 GHz or faster 1 4 GHz x86 64 or Itanium 2 GHz or fasterRAM 512 MB 2 GB or greater 512 MB 2 GB or greaterHDD a Other editions 32 bit 20 GBOther editions 64 bit 32 GBFoundation 10 GB 41 40 GB or greater Foundation 10 GBOther editions 32 GB Foundation 10 GB or greaterOther editions 32 GB or greaterDevices DVD drive 800 600 or higher display keyboard and mouseScalability EditWindows Server 2008 supports the following maximum hardware specifications 42 43 44 Specification Windows Server 2008 SP2 Windows Server 2008 R2Physical processors sockets 43 Standard 4Enterprise 8Datacenter 32 Standard 4Enterprise 8Datacenter 64Logical processorswhen Hyper V is disabled 43 IA 32 32x64 64 256Logical processorswhen Hyper V is enabled 43 IA 32 N Ax64 24 64Memoryon IA 32 44 Standard Web 4 GBEnterprise Datacenter 64 GB Memoryon x64 44 Standard Web 32 GBHPC 128 GBEnterprise Datacenter 1 TB Foundation 8 GBStandard Web 32 GBHPC 128 GBEnterprise Datacenter 2 TBMemoryon Itanium 44 2 TBUpdates EditMain article Windows Vista Updates Windows Server 2008 shares most of its updates with Windows Vista given that the operating systems share a codebase A workaround using the Microsoft Update Catalog allowed the installation of updates for Windows Server 2008 on Windows Vista 45 adding nearly 3 years of security updates to that operating system Support for Windows Vista ended on April 11 2017 46 while support for Windows Server 2008 ended on January 14 2020 Service Pack 2 Edit Main article Windows Vista Service Pack 2 The RTM release of Windows Server 2008 already includes the updates and fixes of Windows Vista Service Pack 1 Service Pack 2 was initially announced on October 24 2008 47 and released on May 26 2009 Service Pack 2 added new features such as Windows Search 4 0 support for Bluetooth 2 1 the ability to write to Blu ray discs and simpler Wi Fi configuration Windows Server 2008 specifically received the final release of Hyper V 1 0 improved backwards compatibility with Terminal Server license keys and an approximate 10 reduction in power usage with this service pack 48 Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 share the same service pack update binary 49 Platform Update Edit On October 27 2009 Microsoft released the Platform Update for Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista It backports several APIs and libraries introduced in Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 to Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista including the Ribbon API DirectX 11 the XPS library the Windows Automation API and the Portable Device Platform 50 A supplemental update was released in 2011 to provide improvements and bug fixes 51 Internet Explorer 9 Edit Main article Internet Explorer 9 Windows Server 2008 shipped with Internet Explorer 7 the same version that shipped with Windows Vista The last supported version of Internet Explorer for Windows Server 2008 is Internet Explorer 9 released in 2011 Internet Explorer 9 was continually updated with cumulative monthly update rollups until support for Internet Explorer 9 on Windows Server 2008 ended on January 14 2020 52 Extended Security Updates ESU continue until January 9 2024 for Azure customers NET Framework Edit The latest supported version of the NET Framework officially is version 4 6 released on October 15 2015 53 TLS 1 1 and 1 2 support Edit In July 2017 Microsoft released an update to add TLS 1 1 and 1 2 support to Windows Server 2008 however it is disabled by default after installing the update 54 SHA 2 signing support Edit Starting in March 2019 Microsoft began transitioning to exclusively signing Windows updates with the SHA 2 algorithm As a result of this Microsoft released several updates throughout 2019 to add SHA 2 signing support to Windows Server 2008 55 Monthly update rollups Edit In June 2018 Microsoft announced that they would be moving Windows Server 2008 to a monthly update model beginning with updates released in September 2018 56 two years after Microsoft switched the rest of their supported operating systems to that model 57 With the new update model instead of updates being released as they became available only two update packages were released on the second Tuesday of every month until Windows Server 2008 reached its end of life one package containing security and quality updates and a smaller package that contained only the security updates Users could choose which package they wanted to install each month Later in the month another package would be released which was a preview of the next month s security and quality update rollup Installing the preview rollup package released for Windows Server 2008 on March 19 2019 or any later released rollup package will update the operating system kernel s build number from version 6 0 6002 to 6 0 6003 This change was made so Microsoft could continue to service the operating system while avoiding version related issues 58 The last free security update rollup packages were released on January 14 2020 59 Windows Server 2008 R2 EditMain article Windows Server 2008 R2 A second release of Windows Server 2008 based on Windows 7 Windows Server 2008 R2 was released to manufacturing on July 22 2009 60 and became generally available on October 22 2009 61 New features added in Windows Server 2008 R2 include new virtualization features new Active Directory features Internet Information Services 7 5 and support for up to 256 logical processors It is the first server operating system by Microsoft to exclusively support 64 bit processors while consumer oriented versions of Windows maintained 32 bit support until Windows 11 in 2021 A service pack for Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 formally designed Service Pack 1 was released in February 2011 62 Support lifecycle EditSupport for the RTM version of Windows Server 2008 ended on July 12 2011 3 4 and users can no longer receive further security updates for the operating system As a component of Windows Vista Windows Server 2008 with Service Pack 2 continued to be supported with security updates lasting until January 14 2020 the same respective end of life dates of its successor Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 Microsoft planned to end support for Windows Server 2008 on January 12 2016 However in order to give customers more time to migrate to newer Windows versions particularly in developing or emerging markets Microsoft decided to extend support to January 14 2020 6 5 7 Windows Server 2008 is eligible for the paid Extended Security Updates ESU program The program allowed volume license customers to purchase in yearly installments security updates for the operating system for three additional years until January 10 2023 The program is also included with Microsoft Azure purchases and Azure customers receive an extra year of support until January 9 2024 The licenses are paid for on a per machine basis If a user purchases an Extended Security Updates license in a later year of the program they must pay for any previous years of Extended Security Updates as well 6 63 See also EditBlueKeep security vulnerability Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions Comparison of operating systems History of Microsoft Windows List of operating systems Microsoft ServersNotes Edit Computers with more than 16 GB of RAM require more disk space for paging hibernation and dump files 40 References Edit a b As Windows Server 2008 RTMs Customers and Partners Adopting with Help of New Tools Training News Center Redmond WA Microsoft 4 February 2008 Build number changing to 6003 in Windows Server 2008 support microsoft com Retrieved 2021 03 26 a b c d e Microsoft Product Lifecycle Support Microsoft Retrieved April 12 2022 a b c d Install Windows Vista Service Pack 2 SP2 Support Microsoft Retrieved April 12 2010 a b c Extended Security Updates for SQL Server and Windows Server 2008 and 2008 R2 Microsoft www microsoft com Retrieved 2021 03 26 a b c tfosmark Product Lifecycle FAQ Extended Security Updates Microsoft Lifecycle docs microsoft com Retrieved 2021 03 26 a b Announcing new options for SQL Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 End of Support azure microsoft com Retrieved 2021 03 26 Miller Michael J 2007 05 15 Gates at WinHec 2007 Windows Server 2008 Rally Home Server and More Forward Thinking Retrieved 2007 07 09 Lowe David 2007 04 25 Beta 3 is Go Windows Server Division WebLog Microsoft Retrieved 2007 04 25 Ralston Ward 2007 09 24 Windows Server 2008 Rc0 Released Windows Server Division WebLog Microsoft Retrieved 2007 09 24 Nate Mook 10 July 2007 New Windows Server Visual Studio SQL Server to Launch in February BetaNews Retrieved 2007 07 11 Dynamic Hardware Partitioning Architecture MSDN Retrieved 2007 07 23 Archiveddocs Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services Overview docs microsoft com Retrieved 2020 01 15 Iain McDonald and Andrew Mason show off the new Windows Server OS Channel 9 Microsoft May 24 2006 Retrieved 2008 11 01 18 55 Hynes Byron November 2006 The Future of Windows Directory Services in Windows Server 2008 TechNet Magazine Retrieved 2007 05 02 Deploying Windows Server 2008 Read Only Domain Controllers docs microsoft com Retrieved 2020 01 15 Q What is a read only domain controller RODC IT Pro 2008 03 24 Retrieved 2020 01 15 Ward Keith 2007 10 08 Top 10 Overlooked Windows Server 2008 Features Part 2 Redmond Developer News Archived from the original on 2009 08 04 Retrieved 2014 10 10 Failover Cluster Validation Error 80070005 on Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Capitalhead 2009 11 04 Retrieved 2013 10 28 Zoeller Jill 26 July 2007 New in Windows Server 2008 Breaking the 5K Folder Barrier in Domain Based Namespaces The Storage Team at Microsoft File Cabinet Blog Microsoft Retrieved 16 August 2013 Failover Clustering with Windows Server 2008 including Cluster shared volumes Microsoft 2007 01 17 Retrieved 2007 07 09 Loveall John 2006 Storage improvements in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 PowerPoint Microsoft Corporation Retrieved 2007 07 09 Benchmarking Hyper V on Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 2010 01 20 Retrieved 2010 01 28 Microsoft Extends Virtualization Strategy Outlines Product Road Map Microsoft 2006 05 22 Retrieved 2007 07 09 Server Manager Windows Server 2008 Technical Library Microsoft TechNet 2007 06 25 Retrieved 2007 05 02 Unexpected error refreshing Server Manager 0x800706BE and 1601 on Window Server 2008 R2 Retrieved 2010 11 05 Multicasting OS deployments with Windows Server 2008 Kevinsul s Management Blog Microsoft 29 August 2007 Retrieved 16 August 2013 a b Removed technologies in Routing and Remote Access in Windows Server 2008 TechNet Microsoft Retrieved 16 August 2013 Windows Server Backup Step by Step Guide for Windows Server 2008 TechNet Microsoft 17 January 2013 Retrieved 16 August 2013 Exchange Server 2007 Service Pack 2 available in Q3 2009 The Exchange Team Blog 11 May 2009 Retrieved 16 August 2013 Bilic Nino 18 June 2008 To Backup or Not to Backup Yes To backup The Exchange Team Blog Retrieved 16 August 2013 IIS 7 0 Protocols TechNet Microsoft Retrieved 16 August 2013 Heaton Alex 2007 05 18 On 64 bit and Windows Client Windows Vista Team Blog Retrieved 2007 07 09 Windows Server 2008 Product Editions Microsoft 2007 04 25 Retrieved 2007 07 09 Windows Server 2008 Foundation An Entry Level Server Platform Petri IT Knowledgebase 2009 04 17 Retrieved 2014 01 08 Ligman Eric 7 November 2007 Announcing Windows Essential Business Server Microsoft Small Business Blog Microsoft Retrieved 2013 08 16 Windows Essential Business Server 2008 Technet microsoft com 2010 12 31 Retrieved 2013 01 09 Windows Server 2008 Microsoft Lifecycle Look at the Note below links docs microsoft com en us lifecycle products a b Windows Server 2008 System Requirements 31 March 2008 Retrieved 2008 03 31 a b c Microsoft Windows Server 2008 System Requirements Microsoft com Retrieved 2013 01 09 Microsoft Windows Server 2008 System Requirements Microsoft Retrieved 2013 01 09 Savill John October 28 2011 Q What are Windows Server 8 s Scalability Numbers Windows IT Pro Penton Media Retrieved November 5 2011 a b c d Seldam Matthijs ten October 13 2012 Windows Server Sockets Logical Processors Symmetric Multi Threading Matthijs s blog Microsoft Retrieved October 14 2012 a b c d Memory Limits for Windows and Windows Server Releases MSDN Microsoft Retrieved 13 April 2014 Extend Windows Vista support by installing Windows Server 2008 updates gHacks Tech News gHacks Technology News 2017 06 24 Retrieved 2021 06 30 Windows Vista Lifecycle Policy Microsoft Retrieved January 2 2017 Justin Graham October 24 2008 Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 beta Microsoft Retrieved 2008 10 29 Tech ARP ED 107 Latest Details on Windows Vista Service Pack 2 Rev 2 2 Archived from the original on 2009 02 12 Windows Vista Service Pack 2 Beta blogs windows com Archived from the original on 9 May 2013 Retrieved 12 January 2022 Announcing Final Releases of Platform Update for Windows Vista Technologies 27 October 2009 Platform Update Supplement for Windows Vista and for Windows Server 2008 Cumulative security update for Internet Explorer January 14 2020 support microsoft com Retrieved 2021 03 26 Microsoft NET Framework 4 6 Web Installer Microsoft TLS 1 2 Support added to Windows Server 2008 Microsoft Security 2017 07 20 Retrieved 2021 03 26 2019 SHA 2 Code Signing Support requirement for Windows and WSUS Mackie Kurt 06 13 2018 Microsoft Switching Windows Server 2008 SP2 to Monthly Update Rollup Model Redmondmag com Redmondmag Retrieved 2021 03 26 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Community forums ivanti com Retrieved 2021 03 26 Build number changing to 6003 in Windows Server 2008 January 14 2020 KB4534303 Monthly Rollup support microsoft com Retrieved 2021 03 26 Windows Server 2008 R2 Reaches the RTM Milestone Windows Server Blog Site Home TechNet Blogs Blogs technet com 2009 07 22 Retrieved 2013 01 09 When to expect Windows Server 2008 R2 RTM Windows Server Blog Site Home TechNet Blogs Blogs technet com 2009 07 22 Retrieved 2013 01 09 LeBlanc Brandon February 9 2011 Announcing Availability of Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 Windows Experience Blog Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Product Lifecycle Microsoft January 14 2020 Retrieved January 9 2022 18 55Further reading Edit What s New in Networking TechNet Microsoft Retrieved 16 August 2013 Changes in Functionality from Windows Server 2003 with SP1 to Windows Server 2008 TechNet Microsoft 21 January 2008 Retrieved 16 August 2013 Description of the Microsoft server applications that are supported on Windows Server 2008 Support Microsoft 23 April 2012 Retrieved 16 August 2013 Windows Server 2008 System Requirements TechNet Microsoft Retrieved 16 August 2013 Henderson Tom Dvorak Rand 21 February 2008 Windows Server 2008 Faster more manageable and secure but still missing the virtual link Network World IDG Retrieved 16 August 2013 Radzikowski Przemek 21 February 2010 How to Find Build and Revision Number of Windows Vista or Windows Server 2008 Installed Capitalhead Capitalhead Pty Ltd Retrieved 16 August 2013 Stanek William 2008 Windows Server 2008 Inside Out Microsoft Press ISBN 978 0 7356 2438 2 External links Edit Wikiversity has learning resources about Windows Server Windows Server Performance Team Blog Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Windows Server 2008 amp oldid 1134710021, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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