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West Singhbhum district

January 01, 1970

West Singhbhum or Pashchimi Singhbhum is one of the 24 districts of Jharkhand state, India. It came into existence on 16 January 1990, when the old Singhbhum district (then in Bihar) was bifurcated. Chaibasa is the district headquarters.[1]

West Singhbhum district
District of Jharkhand
Kuju River near Chaibasa
Bottom: Sanjay River near Chakradharpur
Location of West Singhbhum district in Jharkhand
Country India
State Jharkhand
DivisionKolhan
HeadquartersChaibasa
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituenciesSinghbhum (shared with Seraikela Kharsawan district)
 • Vidhan Sabha constituencies5
Area
 • Total7,224 km2 (2,789 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total1,502,338
 • Density210/km2 (540/sq mi)
Demographic
 • Literacy rate67.70 %
 • Sex ratio958
Language
 • OfficialHindi and English
 • RegionalHo, Mundari, Odia and Santali
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationJH-06
Average annual precipitation1422 mm
Websitechaibasa.nic.in

The district is bounded on north by Khunti district, on the east by Saraikela Kharsawan district of Jharkhand, on the southeast by Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, on the south by Kendujhar district of Odisha, and on the west by Simdega district of Jharkhand and Sundergarh district of Odisha.

History edit

Main article: Singhbhum district

Several Iron slags, microlith, Potsherds have been discovered from Singhbhum district which are from 1400 BCE according to Carbon dating age.[2]

Remains of a large city was excavated by Archaeological Survey of India in the village of Benisagar in West Singhbhum, suggesting continuous habitation in the region from 5th to the 16th-17th century.[3]

 
Singhbhum on James Rennell's Mid-18th Century Map.

West Singhbhum is one of the oldest districts of Jharkhand. After the British conquest of Kolhan in 1837, a new district was consequently constituted to be known as Singhbhum with Chaibasa as its headquarters. Subsequently, three districts, namely East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum and Seraikela Kharsawan have been carved out of erstwhile Singhbhum district.[1]

West Singhbhum district came into existence when the old Singhbhum District bifurcated in 1990. With 9 community development blocks the Eastern part became East Singhbhum district with Jamshedpur as its headquarters and with remaining 23 blocks the larger Western part became West Singhbhum district with Chaibasa as its headquarters. In 2001 West Singhbhum again divided into two parts. With 8 blocks Saraikela-Kharsawan district came into existence. At present West Singhbhum remains with 18 blocks and three administrative sub-divisions.[1]

There are several accounts relating to the origin of the name of the district:

  • According to one the name Singhbhum, or the land of "Singhs" has been derived from the patronymic of the Singh Rajas of Porahat, the junior branch of whom went on to found the ruling "Singh Deo" family of Saraikela State.[4]
  • A second account suggests that the name is taken from the 'Singh Bonga' the principal deity of the district's tribal Bhumij-Munda population.[5]

It is currently a part of the Red Corridor.[6]

Geography edit

"The Singhbhum region is possibly Earth's earliest continental land exposed to the air...." Priyadarshi Chowdhury, a geologist at Australia's Monash University is an interesting recent discovery.

West Singhbhum district forms the Southern part of the newly created Jharkhand state and is the largest district in the state. The district spreads from 21.97°N to 23.60°N and from 85.00°E to 86.90°E. The district is situated at an average height of 244 metres above sea level and covers an area of 7629.679  km2.

The district is covered with hills alternating with valleys, steep mountains, and deep forests on the mountain slopes. It contains some of the best Sal tree forests and the famous Saranda forest. There are plenty of waterfalls and a large variety of wild life like elephants, bison, tigers, leopards, bear, wild dogs and wild boars. Sambar Deer and spotted deer are also found but their numbers are decreasing in the forests adjoining inhabited areas.

Rivers edit

Following are some of the rivers flowing in the West Singhbhum District: Koel, Karo-Koina, Kuju, Kharkai, Sanjai, Roro, Deo, and Baitarini.[7]

Flora and fauna edit

West Singhbhum district is full of dense forests and hills and harbors a variety of flora and fauna. Asia's largest Sal Forest Lies in This District

Mines and minerals edit

The greater part of West Singhbhum district is covered with deposits of iron-ore used for iron and steel industry. Other industrially important minerals including the following:

  • Chromite
  • Magnetite
  • Manganese
  • Kainite
  • Limestone
  • Iron Ore
  • Asbestos
  • Soap-stone

Administration edit

Blocks/Mandals edit

West Singhbhum district consists of 18 Blocks. The following are the list of the Blocks in West Singhbhum district:

  1. Chaibasa
  2. Chakradharpur
  3. Khuntipani
  4. Jhinkpani
  5. Tonto
  6. Kumardungi
  7. Tantnagar
  8. Jagannathpur
  9. Manjhari
  10. Manjhgaon
  11. Noamundi
  12. Bandgaon
  13. Manoharpur
  14. Goilkera
  15. Sonua
  16. Gudri
  17. Anandpur
  18. Hatgamharia

Demographics edit

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1901356,991—    
1911398,590+11.7%
1921421,587+5.8%
1931515,137+22.2%
1941614,298+19.2%
1951667,390+8.6%
1961765,128+14.6%
1971879,564+15.0%
1981922,491+4.9%
19911,080,780+17.2%
20011,233,945+14.2%
20111,502,338+21.8%
Source: Census of India[8]
 
A potter from Chaibasa

According to the 2011 census West Singhbhum district has a population of 1,502,338,[9] roughly equal to the nation of Gabon[10] or the US state of Hawaii.[11] This gives it a ranking of 335th in India (out of a total of 640).[9] The district has a population density of 209 inhabitants per square kilometre (540/sq mi).[9] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 21.69%.[9] Pashchimi Singhbhum has a sex ratio of 1004 females for every 1000 males,[9] and a literacy rate of 58.63%. 14.51% of the population lives in urban areas. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes collectively account for 71.1% (3.79% SC and 67.39% ST)[9] of the district's total population. The prominent communities in this group, in terms of the district's total population, are Ho (51.52%), Munda (9.33%), Oraon (2.15%), Bhuiya (1.36%), Santal (1.01%), Gond (0.91%), Ghasi (0.8%), Bhumij (0.71%), Pan (0.51%), Mahli (0.29%), Dhobi (0.25%), Dom (0.25%), Lohra (0.22%), Chamar/Muchi (0.19%), and Kora (0.13%). Additionally, other notable communities include Kharia, Chik Baraik, Bhogta, Turi, Birhor, Kol, Hari/Mehtar/Bhangi, Pasi, Savar, and Lalbegi have populations ranging between one thousand to a hundred.[12]

Relegion edit

Religion in West Singhbhum district (2011)[13]
Religion Percent
Sarna
 
 62.96%
Hinduism
 
 28.22%
Christianity
 
 5.83%
Islam
 
 2.54%
Not Stated
 
 0.45%

Language edit

Languages of West Singhbhum district (2011)[14]

  Ho (54.37%)
  Odia (18.74%)
  Mundari (9.16%)
  Hindi (4.64%)
  Sadri (2.53%)
  Kurmali (2.08%)
  Urdu (1.96%)
  Bengali (1.80%)
  Kurukh (1.15%)
  Santali (1.03%)
  Others (2.54%)

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 54.37% of the population in the district spoke Ho, 18.74% Odia, 9.16% Mundari, 4.64% Hindi, 2.53% Sadri, 2.08% Kurmali, 1.96% Urdu, 1.80% Bengali, 1.15% Kurukh and 1.03% Santali as their first language.[14]

Politics edit

This section is transcluded from 5th Jharkhand Assembly. (edit | history)


References edit

  1. ^ a b c "About District | District West SinghBhum, Government of Jharkhand | India". Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  2. ^ Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century. Pearson Education India. p. 220. ISBN 9788131711200.
  3. ^ "Archaeologists dig up 5th-century city at Jharkhand's Benisagar village". The Economic Times. 2023-07-30. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
  4. ^ "NationStates | The Rajah of Singhbhum | Factbook". www.nationstates.net. Retrieved 2022-11-07.
  5. ^ "Saraikela Chhau Kendra | Art & Culture". jharkhandculture.com. Retrieved 2022-11-07.
  6. ^ "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 2009-12-11. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
  7. ^ "West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand". River Systempublisher = District administration. Retrieved 2010-04-20.
  8. ^ "Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Jharkhand" (PDF). census.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  9. ^ a b c d e f "District Census Handbook: West Singhbum" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  10. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. . Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved 2011-10-01. Gabon 1,576,665
  11. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Hawaii 1,360,301
  12. ^
    • "A-10 Appendix: District wise scheduled caste population (Appendix), Jharkhand - 2011". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
    • "A-11 Appendix: District wise scheduled tribe population (Appendix), Jharkhand - 2011". Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.
  13. ^ "Table C-01 Population By Religion: Jharkhand". census.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  14. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Jharkhand". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.

External links edit

  • West Singhbhum District Administration website

22°34′00″N 85°49′00″E / 22.5667°N 85.8167°E / 22.5667; 85.8167

Politics edit

This section is transcluded from 5th Jharkhand Assembly. (edit | history)

January 01, 1970
west, singhbhum, district, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, . This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources West Singhbhum district news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2009 Learn how and when to remove this message West Singhbhum or Pashchimi Singhbhum is one of the 24 districts of Jharkhand state India It came into existence on 16 January 1990 when the old Singhbhum district then in Bihar was bifurcated Chaibasa is the district headquarters 1 West Singhbhum districtDistrict of JharkhandKuju River near ChaibasaBottom Sanjay River near ChakradharpurLocation of West Singhbhum district in JharkhandCountry IndiaStateJharkhandDivisionKolhanHeadquartersChaibasaGovernment Lok Sabha constituenciesSinghbhum shared with Seraikela Kharsawan district Vidhan Sabha constituencies5Area Total7 224 km2 2 789 sq mi Population 2011 Total1 502 338 Density210 km2 540 sq mi Demographic Literacy rate67 70 Sex ratio958Language OfficialHindi and English RegionalHo Mundari Odia and SantaliTime zoneUTC 05 30 IST Vehicle registrationJH 06Average annual precipitation1422 mmWebsitechaibasa wbr nic wbr in The district is bounded on north by Khunti district on the east by Saraikela Kharsawan district of Jharkhand on the southeast by Mayurbhanj district of Odisha on the south by Kendujhar district of Odisha and on the west by Simdega district of Jharkhand and Sundergarh district of Odisha Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2 1 Rivers 2 2 Flora and fauna 2 3 Mines and minerals 3 Administration 3 1 Blocks Mandals 4 Demographics 4 1 Relegion 4 2 Language 5 Politics 6 References 7 External links 8 PoliticsHistory editMain article Singhbhum district Several Iron slags microlith Potsherds have been discovered from Singhbhum district which are from 1400 BCE according to Carbon dating age 2 Remains of a large city was excavated by Archaeological Survey of India in the village of Benisagar in West Singhbhum suggesting continuous habitation in the region from 5th to the 16th 17th century 3 nbsp Singhbhum on James Rennell s Mid 18th Century Map West Singhbhum is one of the oldest districts of Jharkhand After the British conquest of Kolhan in 1837 a new district was consequently constituted to be known as Singhbhum with Chaibasa as its headquarters Subsequently three districts namely East Singhbhum West Singhbhum and Seraikela Kharsawan have been carved out of erstwhile Singhbhum district 1 West Singhbhum district came into existence when the old Singhbhum District bifurcated in 1990 With 9 community development blocks the Eastern part became East Singhbhum district with Jamshedpur as its headquarters and with remaining 23 blocks the larger Western part became West Singhbhum district with Chaibasa as its headquarters In 2001 West Singhbhum again divided into two parts With 8 blocks Saraikela Kharsawan district came into existence At present West Singhbhum remains with 18 blocks and three administrative sub divisions 1 There are several accounts relating to the origin of the name of the district According to one the name Singhbhum or the land of Singhs has been derived from the patronymic of the Singh Rajas of Porahat the junior branch of whom went on to found the ruling Singh Deo family of Saraikela State 4 A second account suggests that the name is taken from the Singh Bonga the principal deity of the district s tribal Bhumij Munda population 5 It is currently a part of the Red Corridor 6 Geography editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed January 2017 Learn how and when to remove this message The Singhbhum region is possibly Earth s earliest continental land exposed to the air Priyadarshi Chowdhury a geologist at Australia s Monash University is an interesting recent discovery West Singhbhum district forms the Southern part of the newly created Jharkhand state and is the largest district in the state The district spreads from 21 97 N to 23 60 N and from 85 00 E to 86 90 E The district is situated at an average height of 244 metres above sea level and covers an area of 7629 679 km2 The district is covered with hills alternating with valleys steep mountains and deep forests on the mountain slopes It contains some of the best Sal tree forests and the famous Saranda forest There are plenty of waterfalls and a large variety of wild life like elephants bison tigers leopards bear wild dogs and wild boars Sambar Deer and spotted deer are also found but their numbers are decreasing in the forests adjoining inhabited areas Rivers edit Following are some of the rivers flowing in the West Singhbhum District Koel Karo Koina Kuju Kharkai Sanjai Roro Deo and Baitarini 7 Flora and fauna edit West Singhbhum district is full of dense forests and hills and harbors a variety of flora and fauna Asia s largest Sal Forest Lies in This District Mines and minerals edit The greater part of West Singhbhum district is covered with deposits of iron ore used for iron and steel industry Other industrially important minerals including the following Chromite Magnetite Manganese Kainite Limestone Iron Ore Asbestos Soap stoneAdministration editBlocks Mandals edit West Singhbhum district consists of 18 Blocks The following are the list of the Blocks in West Singhbhum district Chaibasa Chakradharpur Khuntipani Jhinkpani Tonto Kumardungi Tantnagar Jagannathpur Manjhari Manjhgaon Noamundi Bandgaon Manoharpur Goilkera Sonua Gudri Anandpur HatgamhariaDemographics editHistorical populationYearPop 1901356 991 1911398 590 11 7 1921421 587 5 8 1931515 137 22 2 1941614 298 19 2 1951667 390 8 6 1961765 128 14 6 1971879 564 15 0 1981922 491 4 9 19911 080 780 17 2 20011 233 945 14 2 20111 502 338 21 8 Source Census of India 8 nbsp A potter from Chaibasa According to the 2011 census West Singhbhum district has a population of 1 502 338 9 roughly equal to the nation of Gabon 10 or the US state of Hawaii 11 This gives it a ranking of 335th in India out of a total of 640 9 The district has a population density of 209 inhabitants per square kilometre 540 sq mi 9 Its population growth rate over the decade 2001 2011 was 21 69 9 Pashchimi Singhbhum has a sex ratio of 1004 females for every 1000 males 9 and a literacy rate of 58 63 14 51 of the population lives in urban areas The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes collectively account for 71 1 3 79 SC and 67 39 ST 9 of the district s total population The prominent communities in this group in terms of the district s total population are Ho 51 52 Munda 9 33 Oraon 2 15 Bhuiya 1 36 Santal 1 01 Gond 0 91 Ghasi 0 8 Bhumij 0 71 Pan 0 51 Mahli 0 29 Dhobi 0 25 Dom 0 25 Lohra 0 22 Chamar Muchi 0 19 and Kora 0 13 Additionally other notable communities include Kharia Chik Baraik Bhogta Turi Birhor Kol Hari Mehtar Bhangi Pasi Savar and Lalbegi have populations ranging between one thousand to a hundred 12 Relegion edit Religion in West Singhbhum district 2011 13 Religion Percent Sarna 62 96 Hinduism 28 22 Christianity 5 83 Islam 2 54 Not Stated 0 45 Language edit Languages of West Singhbhum district 2011 14 Ho 54 37 Odia 18 74 Mundari 9 16 Hindi 4 64 Sadri 2 53 Kurmali 2 08 Urdu 1 96 Bengali 1 80 Kurukh 1 15 Santali 1 03 Others 2 54 At the time of the 2011 Census of India 54 37 of the population in the district spoke Ho 18 74 Odia 9 16 Mundari 4 64 Hindi 2 53 Sadri 2 08 Kurmali 1 96 Urdu 1 80 Bengali 1 15 Kurukh and 1 03 Santali as their first language 14 Politics editThis section is transcluded from 5th Jharkhand Assembly edit history District No Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks West Singhbhum 52 Chaibasa Deepak Birua Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand 53 Majhgaon Niral Purty Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand 54 Jaganathpur Sona Ram Sinku Indian National Congress Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand 55 Manoharpur Joba Majhi Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand Cabinet Minister 56 Chakradharpur Sukhram Oraon Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand References edit a b c About District District West SinghBhum Government of Jharkhand India Retrieved 2020 05 06 Singh Upinder 2008 A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India From the Stone Age to the 12th Century Pearson Education India p 220 ISBN 9788131711200 Archaeologists dig up 5th century city at Jharkhand s Benisagar village The Economic Times 2023 07 30 ISSN 0013 0389 Retrieved 2023 08 05 NationStates The Rajah of Singhbhum Factbook www nationstates net Retrieved 2022 11 07 Saraikela Chhau Kendra Art amp Culture jharkhandculture com Retrieved 2022 11 07 83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme IntelliBriefs 2009 12 11 Retrieved 2011 09 17 West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand River Systempublisher District administration Retrieved 2010 04 20 Table A 02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901 Jharkhand PDF census gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India a b c d e f District Census Handbook West Singhbum PDF censusindia gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India 2011 US Directorate of Intelligence Country Comparison Population Archived from the original on June 13 2007 Retrieved 2011 10 01 Gabon 1 576 665 2010 Resident Population Data U S Census Bureau Retrieved 2011 09 30 Hawaii 1 360 301 A 10 Appendix District wise scheduled caste population Appendix Jharkhand 2011 Office of the Registrar General amp Census Commissioner India A 11 Appendix District wise scheduled tribe population Appendix Jharkhand 2011 Office of the Registrar General amp Census Commissioner India Table C 01 Population By Religion Jharkhand census gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India a b Table C 16 Population by Mother Tongue Jharkhand censusindia gov in Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India External links editWest Singhbhum District Administration website 22 34 00 N 85 49 00 E 22 5667 N 85 8167 E 22 5667 85 8167Politics editThis section is transcluded from 5th Jharkhand Assembly edit history District No Constituency Name Party Alliance Remarks West Singhbhum 52 Chaibasa Deepak Birua Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand 53 Majhgaon Niral Purty Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand 54 Jaganathpur Sona Ram Sinku Indian National Congress Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand 55 Manoharpur Joba Majhi Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand Cabinet Minister 56 Chakradharpur Sukhram Oraon Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Mahagathbandhan Jharkhand Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title West Singhbhum district amp oldid 1219858461, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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