Université Laval
Université Laval (English: Laval University)[2][note 1] is a French-language public research university in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. The university was founded by François de Montmorency-Laval as Séminaire de Québec in 1663, making it the oldest institution of higher education in Canada and the first North American institution to offer higher education in French. The university, which was founded in Old Québec, moved to a new campus in the 1950s in the suburban borough of Sainte-Foy–Sillery–Cap-Rouge. It is ranked among the top 10 Canadian universities in research funding[3] and holds four Canada Excellence Research Chairs.
Laval University (English) | |
| Latin: Universitas Laval | |
Former names | Séminaire de Québec (1663-1852) |
|---|---|
| Motto | Deo favente haud pluribus impar (Latin) |
Motto in English | By the grace of God, to no one equal |
| Type | Public |
| Established | 1852 |
Academic affiliations | ACU, CARL, UArctic, Universities Canada, U15 |
| Endowment | CAD$377 million[1] |
| Rector | Sophie D'Amours |
| Students | 47,690 |
| Undergraduates | 33,430[1] |
| Postgraduates | 14,260[1] |
| Location | , Canada 46°46′48″N 71°16′29″W / 46.78000°N 71.27472°W |
| Campus | Urban/Suburban |
| Language | French |
| Colours | Red & gold |
| Nickname | Rouge-et-Or |
Sporting affiliations | CIS, QSSF |
| Website | www |
History edit
The university's beginnings go back to 1663 with the founding of the Grand Séminaire de Québec and 1668 with the founding of the Petit Séminaire by François de Montmorency-Laval, a member of the House of Laval and the first Bishop of New France.[4][5]
During the French Regime the institution mainly trained priests to serve in New France. After the Conquest of 1760, the British expanded education in Canada to include the liberal arts. French Canadians had at the time no opportunity to pursue higher education, and Bishop Bourget of Montreal suggested expanding the Séminaire de Québec into Université Laval. Louis Casault, a priest who taught physics at the Séminaire de Québec, went to Europe to seek a royal charter and study the best university systems there.
The Séminaire de Québec was granted a royal charter on December 8, 1852, by Queen Victoria, at the request of Lord Elgin (Governor-General of the Province of Canada), creating Université Laval with "the rights and privileges of a university".[6] The charter was signed in 1852. Pope Benedict XV approved the plan and authorized the institution to establish chairs of theology and confer degrees.[7]
In 1878, the university opened a second campus in Montreal, which became the Université de Montréal on May 8, 1919, by a writ of Pope Benedict XV. In 1971, a second charter transferred all authority to the Université Laval council.[6]
By 1925, the university had outgrown its location. The Old City was very crowded, making it difficult to add new buildings to the campus. The university moved to Sainte-Foy in the 1950s, which at the time was a semi-rural community west of the Quebec city centre. The School of Architecture returned to the old building (now affectionately referred to as Le Vieux Séminaire) in 1989.
Université Laval is governed by a board of governors and a faculty senate. This structure was modelled on the provincial University of Toronto Act of 1906, which established a bicameral system of university government consisting of a senate (faculty), responsible for academic policy, and a board of governors (citizens) exercising exclusive control over financial policy and having formal authority in all other matters. The president, appointed by the board, was to serve as a link between the two bodies and lead the institution.[8]: 306
In the early part of the 20th century, the need for higher education expanded beyond the classical fields of theology, law and medicine, and the university introduced science and social-science departments such as forestry and household science.[8]: 1904 In addition, graduate training based on the German-inspired American model of specialized course work and the completion of a research thesis was introduced.[6]
"Laval", a waltz by French-Canadian ragtime composer Wilfrid Beaudry, was dedicated to the students at Laval University and the University of Montreal. The music for piano was published in Quebec by J. Beaudry, circa 1906.[9]
In 1929, the Quebec Seminary was designated as a national historic site of Canada.[5]
The university opened its department of social, political, and economic sciences in 1938, signalling a change of approach that continued into the 1960s, based on an idea of higher education as the key to social justice and economic productivity for individuals and society.[10]
The royal charter that founded Université Laval in 1852 was designated a National Historic Event in 1972.[11]
This location, at 1 Rempart Street, Quebec, still continues operation as a centre for educating Roman Catholic priests. A section of the Vieux Séminaire has been the location for the Université's school of architecture since 1987.[5][12] The Camille-Roy pavilion houses the restored Promotions Room which can be rented as a venue for various types of events.[13]
In 2017, the university became the first in Canada to divest its endowment from fossil fuel-related companies.[14]
Buildings and features edit
After it was granted a university charter, several buildings were built in Old Quebec, including the School of Chemistry (1923), the addition on Ste. Famille Street (1931), the Mining School (1938), and the cafeteria building (1945), all by architect Joseph Simeon Bergeron.[15] However, the neighbourhood was already crowded and activities later moved in nearby Sainte-Foy, which was more spacious.
Campus building edit
Today's campus covers 1.2 km2 (0.46 sq mi) and has over 30 buildings (also called pavillons), including many iconic exemplars of modern architecture. Its earliest buildings and landscapes were designed by Edouard Fiset (fr) from the 1950s, and of its lands, 56 percent are wooded areas, grasslands, and sports fields[citation needed] .
- Ferdinand Vandry Pavilion, hosting health sciences faculties
- L'Homme devant la Science (1963), mural by Jordi Bonet on Adrien-Pouliot Hall
- Social science library building
- Palasis-Prince building (administrative sciences)
- Pavillon Charles-De Koninck (social sciences, humanities and law)
- Abitibi-Price building (forestry, geography and geomatics)
- Gene-H.-Kruger building (wood research)
- Félix-Antoine-Savard and educational sciences buildings
- Western end of the campus
Other infrastructure edit
Practically all buildings are linked by 10 km (6.2 mi) of underground walkways, which are particularly useful in the winter and whose walls are mostly covered by murals painted by student associations and student visitors over the years, as well as graffiti. The campus is also home to the Roger-Van den Hende botanical garden (fr) which contains some 67 species of deciduous and coniferous trees and 60 different species of birds. The Louis-Jacques-Casault building also hosts the regional branch of the National Archives of Quebec. The sport building is called PEPS and is said to be the largest sport complex in eastern Canada.[16] It is adjacent to the covered TELUS stadium. Construction for the Telus stadium started in 2010 and was opened to the public in January 2012 (fr).
- Pedestrian tunnel
- Water Garden at Roger-Van den Hende botanical garden
- A branch of the National Archives is found in Pavillon Casault
- Olympic swimming pool inside the PEPS complex
- TELUS stadium
Off campus edit
Apart from the school of architecture, located in Old Quebec since 1988,[17] the only out of campus facilities are the school of visual arts in the downtown neighbourhood of Saint-Roch, and the experimental Montmorency forest (70 km (43 mi) north of Quebec City).
- A facility of the experimental forest
- The school of architecture
- La Fabrique building hosts the school of art
Programs edit
As of 2002, Université Laval offered over 350 programs to more than 38,000 students. The university also attracts more than 2,500 foreign students annually, and has almost 1,000 students drawn from Canadian provinces outside of Quebec. Many students come to the university for the Français pour non-francophones program that offers instruction in French as a second language to students from Canada and around the world. It is also the only university in Quebec which trains forestry engineers.[18] Since the mid-1980s, Université Laval has offered distance learning; over 30 programs and 400 courses are offered by distance learning, of which 80% are accessible from the internet.
Faculties and schools edit
- Administrative Sciences
- Agriculture and Food sciences*
- Architecture, Urban planning and Visual arts
- Dentistry
- Education
- Faculté de Droit (Faculty of Law)
- Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences humaines (Letters and Humanities)
- Forestry, Geography and Geomatics**
- Hautes Études Internationales (HEI)
- Arts
- Medicine
- Music
- Nursing
- Pharmacy
- Philosophy
- Postgraduate Studies
- Science and Engineering
- Social Sciences
- Theology and Religious Studies
* The Département des Sciences des Aliments et de Nutrition has an accredited dietetic program. The university is accredited by a professional organization such as the Dietitians of Canada, and the university's graduates may subsequently become registered dietitians.
| University rankings | |
|---|---|
| Global rankings | |
| ARWU World[19] | 301–400 |
| QS World[20] | 433 |
| QS Employability[21] | 201–250 |
| Times World[22] | 251–300 |
| U.S News & World Report Global[23] | 397 |
| Canadian rankings | |
| ARWU National[19] | 13–17 |
| QS National[20] | 15 |
| Times National[22] | 11–13 |
| U.S News & World Report National[23] | 14 |
| Maclean's Medical/Doctoral[24] | 11 |
| Maclean's Reputation[25] | 16 |
Research edit
Université Laval holds four of the 19 Canada Excellence Research Chairs awarded nationwide: Canada Excellence Research Chair in Remote Sensing of Canada's New Arctic Frontier, Canada Research Excellence Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Canada Excellence Research Chair in Photonic Innovations, and Communication and Canada Excellence Research Chair in Neurophotonics.[26] The university has also received research funding from Huawei but has kept the details of the funding confidential.[27][28]
University press edit
Les Presses de l'Université Laval (University Press), which was founded in 1950, deals with Canadian civilization, literature, medieval studies, law, social sciences, physical sciences and engineering.[29] It publishes some 120 books per year.[30]
University cooperative edit
The Coopérative de l'Université Laval (University Co-op) is engaged in the sale of products to customers throughout the university, such as books, lecture notes and computers. They have two locations. One is on campus in the administrative building and the other near La Fabrique, the Arts building in Old Québec.
Athletics and sports teams edit
Athletics take place at the Pavillon d'éducation physique et des sports (Physical Education and Sports Complex), in short PEPS. Laval's varsity sports teams are named the Rouge-et-Or (Red & Gold). As of 2024, the men's football team of Laval have won 11 Vanier Cups and has thus the most titles in the country, followed by the Western Mustangs (8 Vanier Cups).[31]
Notable people edit
Public figures, including Prime Ministers of Canada, Premiers of Quebec, Supreme Court Justices, federal Cabinet Ministers, Senators, and Lieutenant-Governors as well as national and international athletes have graduated from l'Université Laval. Some of the more prominent are:
- Prime Ministers of Canada: Louis St. Laurent, Brian Mulroney and Jean Chrétien
- Premiers of Quebec: Lucien Bouchard, Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, Edmund James Flynn, Jean Lesage, René Lévesque, Pauline Marois, Simon-Napoléon Parent and Louis-Alexandre Taschereau
- Supreme Court Justices: Suzanne Côté, Louis LeBel, Claire L'Heureux-Dubé, Charles Fitzpatrick, Arthur Cyrille Albert Malouin, Lawrence Arthur Dumoulin Cannon, Louis-Philippe Pigeon, Julien Chouinard, Robert Taschereau, Henri-Elzéar Taschereau, Thibaudeau Rinfret
-
-
- Brian Mulroney, 18th Prime Minister of Canada.
- Jean Chrétien, 20th Prime Mininister of Canada.
-
- Niklaus Wirth, designer of several programming languages.
-
See also edit
Notes edit
- ^ As with most Francophone post-secondary institutions in Quebec, the university does not have an official name in English, with the institution using the name Université Laval.
References edit
- ^ a b c "Quelques chiffres". Université Laval.
- ^ "Names of Canadian universities (Linguistic recommendation from the Translation Bureau)". Translation Bureau. Public Works and Government Services Canada. 15 October 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2019.
- ^ Université Laval. "Université Laval at a Glance". (accessed 17 April 2007)
- ^ "The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Makers of Canada: Index and Dictionary of Canadian History, Edited by Lawrence Johnstone Burpee and Arthur G. Doughty". Retrieved 28 August 2015.
- ^ a b c "Québec Seminary National Historic Site of Canada". Government of Canada.
- ^ a b c Laval University/Université Laval August 16, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ The Project Gutenberg EBook #6466 of 'The Intellectual Development of the Canadian People, A historical review' by John George Bourinot, House of Commons, Ottawa, February 17th, 1881
- ^ a b Langton, Hugh Hornby; Macallum, Archibald Byron (1906). The University of Toronto and its colleges, 1827-1906. The University Library, pub. by the librarian. p. 306.
- ^ Wilfrid Beaudry (1906). "Laval". Amicus.collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
- ^ Behiels, Michael (1982). "Le père Georges-Henri Lévesque et l'établissement des sciences sociales à Laval: 1938–1955". Revue de l'Université d'Ottawa. 52 (3). Appears in English translation in Axelrod, Paul; Reid, John G., eds. (1989). Youth, University, and Canadian Society. Kingston and Montreal: McGill-Queen's University of Press. ISBN 0-7735-0685-3.
- ^ "Founding of Université Laval National Historic Event". Directory of Federal Heritage Designations. Parks Canada. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
- ^ https://www.ville.quebec.qc.ca/en/citoyens/patrimoine/quartiers/vieux_quebec/interet/seminaire_de_quebec.aspx, SÉMINAIRE DE QUÉBEC, Ville de Québec
- ^ https://www.quebec-cite.com/en/businesses/attractions/heritage-sites/religious-sites/seminaire-de-quebec/, Séminaire de Québec, Ville de Québec
- ^ "Université Laval first university in Canada to divest from fossil fuels". 8 March 2017.
- ^ "Bergeron, Joseph Simeon". Retrieved 2 November 2018.
- ^ "Pavillon de l'Éducation physique et des sports (PEPS) (Université Laval)". Québec Original. Retrieved 2018-11-02.
- ^ "Historique - École d'architecture". Université Laval (in French). Retrieved 2018-11-02.
- ^ "Universities & Colleges". Canadian Forests Website. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
- ^ a b "2023 Academic Ranking of World Universities". ShanghaiRanking Consultancy. 2022. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
- ^ a b "QS World University Rankings - 2023". QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
- ^ "QS Graduate Employability Rankings - 2022". Times Higher Education. QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
- ^ a b "World University Rankings 2024". Times Higher Education. TES Global. 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
- ^ a b "Best Global Universities in Canada". U.S. News & World Report. U.S. News & World Report, L.P. 25 October 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
- ^ "Canada's best Medical Doctoral universities: Rankings 2024". Maclean's. Rogers Media. 6 October 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
- ^ "Canada's best universities by reputation: Rankings 2023". Maclean's. Rogers Media. 7 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
- ^ "Canada Excellence Research Chairs". www.cerc.gc.ca. November 29, 2012. Retrieved March 29, 2017.
- ^ Armstrong, Peter (November 29, 2019). "Huawei funds $56M in academic research in Canada. That has some experts concerned". CBC News. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
- ^ Blackwell, Tom (February 3, 2020). "Canadian governments give Huawei millions in funding while debate rages over its 5G role". National Post. Retrieved February 5, 2020.
- ^ University Presses June 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Presses de l'Université Laval – Editeur de livres universitaires". Pulaval.com. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
- ^ "Western's Marshall hoping to win first Vanier Cup". TSN. 2017-11-24. Retrieved 2018-11-02.
External links edit
- Official website
- Bibliothèque de l'Université Laval
- Université Laval Foundation
- Faculty of Forestry, Geography and Geomatics
- . Catholic Encyclopedia. 1913.
- . . 1914.