United Sabah Party
The United Sabah Party (Malay: Parti Bersatu Sabah, abbreviated PBS)[2] is a political party of Sabah. The PBS was founded by Joseph Pairin Kitingan in 1985[3] and it is Sabah's oldest local party.[4] In August 2020, PBS confirmed that they would be using their own logo and flag until Sabah's local coalition is established under Registrar of Societies (RoS).[5] In 2022, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) is the only Sabah's local coalition that has been successfully registered under the Registrar of Societies (RoS) making PBS interested in using the coalition's logo and becoming part of the coalition's component.[6][7]
United Sabah Party Parti Bersatu Sabah | |
|---|---|
| Malay name | Parti Bersatu Sabah ڤرتي برساتو سابه |
| Chinese name | 沙巴團結黨 沙巴团结党 Shābā tuánjiédǎng |
| Abbreviation | PBS |
| President | Maximus Ongkili |
| Chairperson | Claudius Alex Sundang |
| Secretary-General | Julita Majungki |
| Founder | Joseph Pairin Kitingan |
| Founded | 5 March 1985 |
| Split from | Sabah People's United Front (BERJAYA) |
| Headquarters | Blok ‘M’, Lot 4, Tingkat 2 & 3, Donggongon New Township, Donggongon, 89507 Penampang (Peti Surat 13060, 88834 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah) |
| Youth wing | Youth Section |
| Women's wing | Women Section |
| Membership (2022) | 580,000[1] |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Centre-right |
| National affiliation | As a member Gagasan Rakyat (1991–1996) Barisan Nasional (1985–1990), (2002–2018) United Alliance (2018-2020) Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (since 2022) Political allies Perikatan Nasional (2020-2022) Barisan Nasional (since 2021) Pakatan Harapan (since 2022) Regional allies Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (since 2020) Homeland Solidarity Party (since 2021) |
| Colours | Light blue and green |
| Slogan |
|
| Anthem | Bersatu Dalam PBS |
| Dewan Negara: | 0 / 70 |
| Dewan Rakyat: | 1 / 26 (Sabah and Labuan seats) |
| Sabah State Legislative Assembly: | 7 / 79 |
| Chief ministers in Malaysia | 0 / 13 |
| Election symbol | |
| Party flag | |
| Website | |
| www | |
Since 2022, the PBS acts as an allied partner, providing confidence and supply to the ruling federal Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. It is a major component of the Sabah-based Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state governing alliance.
History edit
PBS was registered as a political party on 5 March 1985. Its founding President is Joseph Pairin Kitingan who had broken away from the ruling Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah (BERJAYA) because of his differences with the Chief Minister of Sabah and party president, Harris Salleh in whose state cabinet Pairin served before the break-up.[8] BERJAYA itself had ousted the previous state government of United Sabah National Organisation (USNO) to govern Sabah for 8 years from 1976 to 1985.[9][10]
PBS later formed the state government after winning the May 1985 state elections.[8][9] Following the 1986 Sabah riots after winning the 1986 state election,[10] PBS joined the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition and governed Sabah from 1985 to 1994.[9][11] However, on the eve of the July 1990 state elections, PBS pulled out of the BN to join the Gagasan Rakyat (GR) coalition and won the state election for a third time.[9][11][12] It also won the 1994 state elections by a narrow margin. However, numerous defections occurred as many PBS representatives switched allegiance to the then opposition BN coalition before PBS was even able to form a new state government.[9][12] PBS subsequently rejoined the BN coalition in 2002, ending any form of opposition as BN fully occupied the state legislature and returning Sabah to the rule of the BN coalition that also holds the federal parliament.[13][14]
Following the fall of both federal and state BN governments in the 2018 general election (GE14), PBS left the coalition and formed a new Sabah-based informal coalition of parties known as the United Alliance (Sabah) or Gabungan Bersatu (Sabah)[15] and also the succeeding United Sabah Alliance or Gabungan Sabah Bersatu.[16] During the 2020–21 Malaysian political crisis later, PBS has become allied partner providing confidence and supply to the new ruling federal government Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition set-up by prime minister Muhyiddin Yassin.[17] On 12 September 2020, PBS joined the Hajiji Noor re-formed Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) or Sabah People's Alliance just before the 2020 Sabah state election[18] which was won eventually by the GRS to form the state government.[19] As a result, PBS has signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) of both the PN and GRS pacts separately.[17][20] However, PBS expressed that they will stick to their own logo and flag until the actual local coalition is established under the RoS in the next and subsequent elections.[14][21][22][23]
In 2022, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) is the only coalition that has been successfully registered under the Registrar of Societies (RoS) making PBS interested in using the coalition's logo and becoming part of the coalition's component. Since 2023, PBS officially become the major component of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) and one of the founding parties of the coalition.[24][7]
Ideology and support base edit
Although it is mainly seen as an ethnically-based Kadazan-Dusun political party, PBS calls itself a "Malaysian multi-racial political party".[25][26] Members are mostly of Kadazan-Dusun (from both the Dusunic plus Paitanic ethnolinguistic groups) and Murut (including the Lundayeh subgroup) ethnic descent, though the second and third largest ethnic membership are mostly Muslim Bumiputeras, mostly ethnic local Sabahan based ethnic Malay race (Bruneian Malays and Cocos Malays), and also from the Bajau community of peoples (the second-largest ethnic Bumiputera in the state including the Iranun subgroup and some Suluk together with the Chinese, alongside those of mixed-race or "Sino-Native" subgroup of the Chinese minority). Its declared political mission is to strive to safeguard Sabah's autonomy and state rights, promoting democratic principles, economic advancement, human rights and a fair justice system.[27][28] It also seeks preserving the traditional culture of each race in Sabah and freedom of religion in Malaysia.[29]
Among the most vocal issues voiced by the party were the issue of illegal immigrants along with 'ghost voters' in Sabah, the issue of the IC Project in East Malaysia, unbalanced development and the 20 points of the Malaysian Agreement 1963 for Sabah's entry into Malaysia.[14]
Since 1994 major defections from PBS, several political parties with similar ideologies have emerged. The closest one is the STAR Party, founded by Datuk Dr. Jeffrey G. Kitingan, the younger brother of the former president of PBS, Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Joseph Pairin Kitingan. Other similar parties include Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah.
List of leaders edit
Leadership structure edit
- President:
- Deputy President:
- Joachim Gunsalam (non-Muslim bumiputera)[32]
- Yee Moh Chai (Chinese)
- Jahid Jahim (Muslim bumiputera)
- Vice-Presidents:
- Hendrus Anding
- Johnny Mositun
- Daniel Kinsik
- Ruslan Muharam
- Mursid Mohd Said
- Arthur Sen Siong Choo
- Linda Tsen Thau Lin
- Peter Mak
- Women's Wing Chief:
- Malianah Ugau
- Youth Wing Chief:
- Christopher Mandut
- Secretary-General:
- Deputy Secretary-General:
- Johnnybone J. Kurum
- Treasurer-General:
- Lu Kim Yen
- Deputy Treasurer-General:
- Lo Su Fui
- Information Chief:
- Deputy Information Chief:
- Bonaventure Boniface
- Supreme Council Members:
- Peter Jino Allion
- Samuil Mopun
- Fredolin Totin Bangon
- Stanis Buandi
- Suman Yasambun
- William Majimbun
- Masum Bin Takin
- John Chryso Masabal
- Joseph @ Bernard Dalinting
- Muji Bin Ampau
- Hajjah Fazidah Mohd Yassin
- Kasirin Bin Kamiran
- Juin Saman
- Azmi Haji Ahmad
- Omar Hakim
- Zamil Ismail
- Johnny Goh
- Kong Nyuk Thou
- Lim Vun Chan
- Fredian Gan
- Ng Tze Tsai
- Goon Thien Shang
- Joseph Lee
- Divisional Chairpersons:[33]
- N02 Bengkoka: Dr. Samuil Mopun
- N03 Pitas: Awang Okik
- N04 Tanjong Kapor: Martin Majamil
- N05 Matunggong: Julita Mojungki
- N06 Bandau: Maximus Ongkili
- N07 Tandek: Hendrus Anding
- N08 Pintasan: Muji Ampau
- N09 Tempasuk: James Baga
- N10 Usukan: Lamdin Kuyad
- N11 Kadamaian: Demis Rumanti
- N12 Sulaman: Juin Saman
- N13 Pantai Dalit: Lizuan Sarabun
- N14 Tamparuli: Jahid Jahim
- N15 Kiulu: Joniston Bangkuai
- N16 Karambunai: Johnny Goh
- N18 Inanam: Fredoline Totin Bangon
- N19 Likas: Joseph Lee Han Khyun
- N20 Api-Api: Yee Moh Chai
- N21 Luyang: Goon Thien Shang
- N22 Tanjung Aru: Louis Lai Vui Leong
- N23 Petagas: Azmi Hj. Ahmad
- N24 Tanjung Keramat: Tahir Hj. Mohd Soon
- N25 Kapayan: Augustin Anthony
- N26 Moyog: John Chryso Masabal
- N27 Limbahau: Johnny Juani Mositun
- N30 Bongawan: Jitim Abak
- N31 Membakut: Egol Onsim
- N32 Klias: Hamin Gundim
- N33 Kuala Penyu: Sebastian Dirih Anjim
- N34 Lumadan: Ruslan Muharam
- N35 Sindumin: Angian Alai
- N36 Kundasang: Joachim Gunsalam
- N37 Karanaan: Joseph Bernard Dalinting
- N38 Paginatan: Arthur Sen
- N39 Tambunan: Daniel Isidore Stanislaus Kinsik
- N40 Bingkor: Peter Jino Allion
- N41 Liawan: Zachary Robert Stanislaus Kinsik
- N42 Melalap: Martin Johanis
- N43 Kemabong: Raimun Tindil
- N44 Tulid: Suman Yasambun
- N45 Sook: Abraham Akimau
- N46 Nabawan: Likin Simin
- N47 Telupid: Johnnybone Kurum
- N48 Sugut: Jubilee KK Zen
- N49 Labuk: Zamil Ismail
- N50 Gum Gum: Matilda Sapot
- N51 Sungai Manila: Sariah Duling
- N52 Sungai Sibuga: Kasirin Kamiran
- N54 Karamunting: Kong Nyuk Thau
- N55 Elopura: Linda Tsen Thau Lin
- N56 Tanjong Papat: Ong Chih Qun
- N57 Kuamut: Masum Takin
- N60 Tungku: Ayuh Pandasan
- N62 Silam: Haji Mursid Mohd Rais
- N63 Kunak: Hatta Mulok
- N64 Sulabayan: Alibun Gimboh
- N65 Senallang: Omar Hakim
- N66 Bugaya: Hjh Fazidah Hj Mohd Yassin
- N67 Balung: Zakaria Hj Guntik
- N68 Apas: Chong Soo Yin @ Mohd Irwan Chong Abdullah
- N69 Sri Tanjung: Lo Su Fui
- N71 Tanjong Batu: Samson Gapid
- N72 Merotai: A Hasin Nawa
- N73 Sebatik: Sahrol Mahoolop
- P166 Labuan: Peter Mak Chun Vun
Elected representatives edit
Dewan Negara (Senate) edit
Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives) edit
Members of Parliament of the 15th Malaysian Parliament edit
PBS has currently only 1 MP in the House of Representatives.
Dewan Undangan Negeri (State Legislative Assembly) edit
Malaysian State Assembly Representatives edit
Sabah State Legislative Assembly
| State | No. | Parliamentary Constituency | No. | State Assembly Constituency | Member | Party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sabah | P168 | Kota Marudu | N05 | Matunggong | Julita Majungki | PBS | ||
| N07 | Tandek | Hendrus Anding | PBS | |||||
| P170 | Tuaran | N14 | Tamparuli | Jahid Noordin Jahim | PBS | |||
| N15 | Kiulu | Joniston Lumai @ Bangkuai | PBS | |||||
| P178 | Sipitang | N34 | Lumadan | Ruslan Muharam | PBS | |||
| P179 | Ranau | N36 | Kundasang | Joachim Gunsalam | PBS | |||
| P183 | Beluran | N47 | Telupid | Jonnybone J Kurum | PBS | |||
| Total | Sabah (7) | |||||||
PBS state governments edit
| State | Leader type | Member | Party | State Constituency | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sabah | Deputy Chief Minister II | Joachim Gunsalam | PBS | Kundasang | |
General election results edit
| Election | Total seats won | Seats contested | Total votes | Voting Percentage | Outcome of election | Election leader |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 14 / 192 | 20 | 21,361 | 0.18% | 1 seats; Opposition coalition, (United Sabah Alliance) later Governing coalition, (Perikatan Nasional) | Joseph Pairin Kitingan |
| 1999 | 14 / 193 | 24 | 29,874 | 0.19% | ; Governing coalition, (Gabungan Rakyat Sabah) | Joseph Pairin Kitingan |
| 2004 | 10 / 219 | 15 | 8,996 | 0.07% | ; No representation in Parliament (Barisan Nasional) | Joseph Pairin Kitingan |
| 2008 | 7 / 222 | 10 | 1 seat; Governing coalition (Barisan Nasional) | Joseph Pairin Kitingan | ||
| 2013 | 8 / 222 | 15 | ; Governing coalition (Barisan Nasional) | Joseph Pairin Kitingan | ||
| 2018 | 5 / 222 | 7 | 8,208 | 0.12% | 1 seat; No representation in Parliament (Gabungan Bersatu Sabah) | Joseph Pairin Kitingan |
| 2022 | 1 / 222 | 6 | 8,297 | 0.10% | 1 seat; Governing coalition (Gabungan Rakyat Sabah) | Maximus Ongkili |
State election results edit
| State election | State Legislative Assembly | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perlis State Legislative Assembly | Kedah State Legislative Assembly | Kelantan State Legislative Assembly | Terengganu State Legislative Assembly | Penang State Legislative Assembly | Perak State Legislative Assembly | Pahang State Legislative Assembly | Selangor State Legislative Assembly | Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly | Malacca State Legislative Assembly | Johor State Legislative Assembly | Sabah State Legislative Assembly | Sarawak State Legislative Assembly | Total won / Total contested | |
| 2/3 majority | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | 2 / 3 | |
| 2016 | 0 / 80 | 0 / 30 | ||||||||||||
| 2018 | 7 / 79 | 6 / 27 | ||||||||||||
| 2020 | 7 / 79 | 7 / 24 | ||||||||||||
See also edit
- Joseph Pairin Kitingan (Former 1st PBS President)
- Maximus Ongkili (2nd PBS President)
References edit
- ^ "580,000 Membership of United Sabah Party (PBS) since 2022, two years after won in Sabah Election 2020". Parti Bersatu Sabah.
- ^ "Nama penuh bagi singkatan PBS ialah "Parti Bersatu Sabah" (telah direkod di dalam Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka)". Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
- ^ Kepemimpinan PBS seluruh Sabah. "History of Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS)". Parti Bersatu Sabah Website.
- ^ "Demi rakyat, legasi PBS diteruskan di Kuala Penyu". Utusan Borneo Online. 26 April 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
PBS adalah parti tempatan tertua di Sabah dan masih aktif
- ^ "PBS bertanding 15 kerusi, guna lambang (logo & bendera) sendiri". BERNAMA. 9 November 2020.
- ^ Bernama (11 March 2022). "RoS approves registration of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, says Hajiji". malaymail. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
- ^ a b "PRU15: PBS guna logo GRS". Warta Oriental. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
- ^ a b Mohd Hamdan Haji Adnan (2013). "Malaysia's 13th General Election in Sabah: Factors Determining the Winners" (PDF). Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysian Journal of History, Politics & Strategic Studies. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. pp. 96–97 [4–5/20]. ISSN 2180-0251. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "The United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in Sabah, East Malaysia: An Overview 1990-1994 International" (PDF). Hamdan Aziz (Ph.D) & Syahrin Said, Department of Nationhood and Civilization Studies, Centre for Fundamental and Liberal Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT). Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 12. 2017. ISSN 2222-6990. Retrieved 25 September 2021 – via HR Mars.
- ^ a b Gan Pei Ling (14 September 2012). "The hushed riot of Sabah". Selangor Times. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
- ^ a b G. Lim. . Aliran Monthly. Archived from the original on 19 November 2007. Retrieved 20 January 2008.
- ^ a b Herman Luping (10 April 2011). "Understanding the pullout decision". Daily Express. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
- ^ "Pairin glad PBS is back in coalition" (PDF). New Straits Times. 24 January 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2021 – via Perdana Leadership Foundation Library.
- ^ a b c Avila Geraldine (5 August 2020). "Is PBS capable of returning to its days of glory?". New Straits Times. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
- ^ Kristy Inus (12 May 2018). "Sabah BN coalition to be disbanded to pave way for Gabungan Bersatu". New Straits Times. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
- ^ "Opposition parties form United Sabah Alliance". Daily Express. 10 March 2015. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ^ a b . The Sun Daily. 17 May 2020. Archived from the original on 17 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Malaysian PM Muhyiddin forms Gabungan Rakyat Sabah alliance to take on Sabah polls". The Straits Times. 12 September 2020. from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ Yusof, Amir (27 September 2020). "Muhyiddin-led Gabungan Rakyat Sabah clinches simple majority in state polls". Channel News Asia. from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ "GRS Signs MOU To Continue Cooperation Reject Outside Interference". The Borneo Post. 6 January 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
- ^ Wan Syamsul Amly (11 August 2020). "PBS guna logo sendiri berkebolehan tambah dinamik parti tersebut bertanding". Astro Awani (in Malay). Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ "Datuk Joseph Pairin Kitingan cadang PBS guna logo sendiri dalam PRN". Bernama (in Malay). Utusan Borneo. 21 August 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ "PBS bertanding 15 kerusi, guna lambang (logo & bendera) sendiri". Bernama (in Malay). 11 September 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ Bernama (11 March 2022). "RoS approves registration of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, says Hajiji". malaymail. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
- ^ "Resurgence of interest in multi-racial PBS". The Borneo Post. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
- ^ Jason Santos (24 February 2018). "Multi-racial party not new in Sabah". The Malaysian Insight. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
- ^ "PBS to strengthen multiracial identity". The Borneo Post. 7 March 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
- ^ "Demi rakyat, legasi PBS diteruskan di Kuala Penyu". Utusan Borneo Online. 26 April 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
PBS adalah sebuah Perpaduan dan Perpaduan terbesar berlaku di Sabah bersama PBS
- ^ "Don't Neglect PBS Members, Ongkili Tells BN Reps In Karanaan, Paginatan". Borneo Today. 3 September 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
- ^ "Pairin Moves Aside After 31 Years Ongkili Is Acting President Of PBS". The Borneo Post. 6 January 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
- ^ "Ahli Majlis Tertinggi". Parti Bersatu Sabah.
- ^ "Joachim wins PBS deputy president post by a whisker". The Star. 30 June 2022. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
- ^ "Parti Bersatu Sabah | Ketua Bahagian PBS". Parti Bersatu Sabah.
Notes edit
- James Chin. (1994) "Sabah State Election of 1994: End of Kadazan Unity, Asian Survey, Vol. 34, No. 10, pp. 904–915.
External links edit
- Official website