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Wikipedia

United Airlines

April 27, 2024

This article is about the airline based in the United States. For other uses, see United Airlines (disambiguation) and United Airways (disambiguation).

United Airlines, Inc. is a major American airline headquartered at the Willis Tower in Chicago, Illinois.[10][11][12] United operates an extensive domestic and international route network across the United States and all six inhabited continents[13] primarily out of its eight hubs, with Chicago–O'Hare having the largest number of daily flights[14] and Denver carrying the most passengers in 2023.[15] Regional service is operated by independent carriers under the brand name United Express.

United Airlines, Inc.
IATA ICAO Callsign
UA UAL UNITED
FoundedApril 6, 1926; 98 years ago (1926-04-06) (as Varney Air Lines in Boise, Idaho)[1]
Commenced operationsMarch 28, 1931; 93 years ago (1931-03-28)[2]
AOC #CALA014A[3]
Hubs
Frequent-flyer programMileagePlus
AllianceStar Alliance
Fleet size954[4]
Destinations354[5]
Parent companyUnited Airlines Holdings
ISINUS9100471096
HeadquartersWillis Tower, Chicago, Illinois, United States
Key people
FounderWalter Varney
Employees103,300 (2023)[9]
Websiteunited.com

United was formed by the amalgamation of several airlines in the late 1920s, the oldest of these being Varney Air Lines,[1] created in 1926 by Walter Varney who later co-founded the predecessor to Continental Airlines. In 1997, United became one of the five founding airlines of Star Alliance, of which it remains a member today. Since its merger with Continental in 2010,[16] United consistently ranks as one of the world's largest airlines; it is currently first by the number of destinations served and third in terms of revenue and fleet size.

History

Main article: History of United Airlines
 
United Airlines' 1997–2010 logo. The 'U' Tulip, designed by Saul Bass, was the airline's icon from 1973 to 2010

United traces its roots to Varney Air Lines (VAL), which Walter Varney founded in 1926 in Boise, Idaho. Continental Airlines is the successor to Speed Lines, which Varney had founded by 1932 and whose name changed to Varney Speed Lines in 1934. VAL flew the first privately contracted air mail flight in the U.S. on April 6, 1926.[17][18][19]

In 1927, William Boeing founded Boeing Air Transport to operate air mail routes under contract with the United States Post Office Department.[20] In 1929, Boeing merged his company with Pratt & Whitney to form the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation (UATC) which then set about buying, in the space of just 28 months, Pacific Air Transport, Stout Air Services, VAL, and National Air Transport, as well as numerous equipment manufacturers at the same time.[21][22] On March 28, 1931, UATC formed United Air Lines, Inc., as a holding company for its airline subsidiaries.[23]

In 1973, United Airlines became the first civil airline to carry an active President of the United States, when then-president Richard Nixon was on board of a regularly scheduled flight from Washington D.C to Los Angeles. The aircraft used, a McDonnell Douglas DC-10, therefore received the callsign "Executive One".[24]

In December 2002, due largely to the post-9/11 dropoff in air travel, as well as to poor relations between the corporation and one of its key labor unions, the International Association of Machinists, United Airlines filed for bankruptcy.[25] It remained under court protection for more than three years. This enabled it to cut costs ruthlessly. Finally, in early 2006, it emerged from court protection and resumed normal operations.[26]

In late 2006, Continental Airlines and United began merger discussions,[27][28] which concluded successfully in 2010.[29] The carriers planned to begin merging their operations in 2011.[30] The merged airline began operating under a single air operator's certificate from the Federal Aviation Administration on November 30, 2011.[31] On March 3, 2012, United and Continental merged their passenger service systems, frequent-flier programs, and websites, which virtually eliminated the Continental brand with the exception of its logo.[32] On June 27, 2019, the parent company's name changed from United Continental Holdings to United Airlines Holdings.[33]

In January 2021, Chief Executive Scott Kirby put forward the possibility for the company to mandate employees to receive the COVID-19 vaccine while cautioning the potential difficulties in implementing the mandate.[34] The company was the first major US airline to announce a vaccine mandate for all staff on August 6, at which point over 80% of flight attendants and 90% of pilots had been vaccinated, according to statements of the respective unions.[35] Days before the internal deadline of September 27, the company announced that more than 97% of the US based staff were vaccinated.[36]

In early 2024, the Federal Aviation Administration announced in March 2024 that it would increase safety oversight of United Airlines following a string of safety-related incidents.[37] As a result, the airline was forced to postpone the launch of two announced international routes to Faro, Portugal and Cebu, Philippines.[38][39][40]

Destinations and hubs

As of January 2024 United operates flights to 238 domestic destinations and 118 international destinations in 48 countries or regions across all six inhabited continents.[41][42]

Hubs

As part of its hub-and-spoke business model, United currently operates eight hubs.[43]

  • Chicago–O'Hare – United's hub for the Midwest and largest hub overall. United controls 47% of the market share in O'Hare, making it the largest carrier at the airport.[44] United's corporate headquarters are also in Chicago.
  • Denver – United's hub for the Rocky Mountain region of the United States.[45] United has about 42% of the market share in Denver, making it the largest carrier at the airport. It became United's largest hub by number of flights in 2021.[citation needed]
  • Guam – United's hub for flight routes in the Pacific region, including the Island Hopper.[43] United has about 98.8% of the market share at Guam International, making it the largest carrier at the airport.[46] Despite its status as a hub, the airport has no direct flights to any other United hubs or the Mainland United States. Former Continental Airlines hub.
  • Houston–Intercontinental – United's hub for the Southern United States and primary gateway to Latin America.[47] United currently has about 78% of the seat share at IAH, making it the largest carrier at the airport.[48] Former Continental Airlines hub.
  • Los Angeles – United's secondary hub for the West Coast and gateway to Asia and Australia.[49] United has 15% of the market share at LAX, making it the third-largest carrier at the airport.[50]
  • Newark – United's primary hub for the East Coast and gateway to Europe, while including other select flights to Latin America, Africa, and Asia.[51] United has 68% of the market share at Newark, making it the largest carrier at the airport.[52][53] Former Continental Airlines hub.
  • San Francisco – United's primary hub for the West Coast and gateway to Asia and Australasia.[54] United has about 46% of the market share at SFO, making it the largest carrier at the airport.[55]
  • Washington–Dulles – United's secondary hub for the East Coast and gateway to Europe and Africa.[56] United has about 65% of the market share at Washington Dulles, making it the largest carrier at the airport.[57]

Alliance and codeshare agreements

United Airlines is a member of the Star Alliance and has codeshare agreements with the following airlines:[58]

Fleet

This section is an excerpt from United Airlines fleet.[edit]
 
A United Airlines Boeing 787-9 in the most recent livery landing at Beijing Capital International Airport in April 2020.

As of April 2024, the United Airlines fleet consists of 954 mainline aircraft, making it the third-largest commercial airline fleet in the world.[62][63][64] United Airlines operates a mix of Airbus and Boeing narrowbody and all Boeing widebody aircraft.

With an average age of 16.3 years, United has the oldest fleet of all major US airlines.[65][66][67] Their oldest planes are the Boeing 767-300ER from the early 1990s, which are between 30 and 32 years old.[68] However, United recently placed several orders for new narrowbody and widebody aircraft and are expecting over 700 new planes in their fleet by 2033.

Cabin

Polaris Business
 
Polaris Business seat

Polaris is United's international business class product. The Polaris seat converts into a 6-foot-6-inch (1.98 m) flatbed and has multiple storage areas, multiple charging ports, lumbar support, and improved dining and amenities.[69]

Polaris seats can be found on all Boeing 757-200s, Boeing 767s, Boeing 777-300ERs, and Boeing 787 Dreamliners, and internationally configured Boeing 777-200ERs. On the 757s, Polaris is configured in a 2-2 seat configuration, so window passengers do not have direct aisle access. On widebody aircraft, the cabins are configured to provide aisle access to every passenger,[70] with 767s featuring a 1-1-1 seat configuration while 777s and 787s have a 1-2-1 seat configuration.

Polaris passengers check in at separate counters and can use priority security screening lanes where available. In-flight services include pre-departure beverages, table linens and multi-course meals.[71] Passengers are also given priority with boarding and baggage handling and access to the United Polaris Lounge, United Club or partner airline lounges.

First

United First is offered on all domestically configured aircraft. When such aircraft are used on international services such as services to Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean (excluding Puerto Rico) destinations, this cabin is branded as United Business. United First seats on narrowbody aircraft have a 38-inch (97 cm) seat pitch, while domestically configured Boeing 777-200s feature fully-flat-bed seats that alternate facing forward and backwards, similar to the Polaris seats of the Boeing 757-200s. Passengers receive priority boarding and baggage handling, pre-departure beverages, complimentary meals and separate check-in desks.[72]

In 2015, United released its new domestic first-class seat design. The new leather seats feature cradling headrests, granite cocktail tables, and a tablet stand. These seats debuted on Airbus A319 and Airbus A320 aircraft and were eventually rolled out on all domestic aircraft.[73]

In 2019, it was announced that United was increasing first and business class seats "by 1,600" across all their aircraft in their fleet, including the Bombardier CRJ550 for which United is the launch customer of.[74]

Premium Plus
 
Premium Plus seat

Premium Plus is United's international premium economy product. Compared to United Economy or Economy Plus, Premium Plus offers more comfort and amenities. Premium Plus recliner seats are wider, have more legroom, and are equipped with leg rests and footrests.

Premium Plus seats can be found on all internationally configured widebody aircraft, with a 2-2-2 seat configuration on Boeing 767s, 2-3-2 on 787s, and 2-4-2 on 777s.

Upgraded dining is served on china dinnerware with free alcoholic beverages. Passengers are provided with Saks Fifth Avenue blanket and pillow, along with an amenity kit. The first aircraft with these seats were flying in mid-2018, and the full service launched in 2019. During the interim period, these seats were sold as part of Economy Plus.[75]

Economy
 
Economy seating on a Boeing 787
 
Economy seating on an Airbus A320

Economy Class is available on all aircraft and usually has a pitch of 31 inches (79 cm) and a recline of 2 to 5 inches (5.1 to 12.7 cm).

Economy seats on Boeing 767, Boeing 787, and Boeing 757-200, and most Boeing 777 aircraft feature a personal 7-inch (18 cm) touchscreen television at the back of each seat. Airbus A319, A320, Boeing 737, Boeing 757-300, and domestically configured Boeing 777-200 aircraft feature personal device entertainment streamed from the onboard WiFi system. Some Boeing 737 aircraft feature DirecTV.[76] United plans to add a personal touchscreen television at the back of each seat on all Airbus A320 family and Boeing 737 aircraft by the end of 2025.

Food is available for purchase on domestic, Caribbean, and some Latin American flights. These include snacks, fresh meals, and snack boxes, depending on flight time and distance.[77] Meals are complimentary on all other international flights. Beverages and small snacks are complimentary in economy class on North America flights. Alcoholic beverages are available for purchase on North America flights but are complimentary on long-haul international flights.[78] On flights where meals are served, a cocktail snack with a beverage is served shortly after takeoff, followed by a main course and dessert. Longer international flights feature a pre-arrival meal, which usually consists of a light breakfast or sandwich.

Economy Plus

Economy Plus is available on all aircraft. Economy Plus seats are located in the front few rows and exit rows of the economy cabin and have 2 inches (5.1 cm) more recline and at least 5 to 6 inches (13 to 15 cm) of additional pitch, totaling 4 to 7 inches (10 to 18 cm) of recline and 35 to 37 inches (89 to 94 cm) of pitch.

Economy Plus is complimentary for all MileagePlus Premier members. Premier 1K, Platinum and Gold members may select an Economy Plus seat when booking, while Silver members can select an Economy Plus seat at check-in.[79]

Basic Economy

Basic Economy is available on select routes. Intended to be United's lowest fare, Basic Economy fares provide most of the same inflight services and amenities as standard Economy.[80] With Basic Economy, passengers do not get to select their seats. They are often placed in the rear of the aircraft. Carry-on luggage is not allowed; however, passengers may bring a smaller personal item that can be placed under the seat in front of them.

Passengers booking in Basic Economy cannot use some MileagePlus and Premier member benefits, such as complimentary upgrades.[81]

Reward programs

Frequent flyer programs

MileagePlus is the frequent flyer program for United Airlines.[82] Published MileagePlus Premier tiers are Premier Silver, Premier Gold, Premier Platinum, and Premier 1K.[83] Unpublished tiers include United Global Services and Chairman's Circle.

As United is a Star Alliance member, customers reaching certain qualifications are entitled to certain benefits which may be used across the entirety of the Star Alliance network. Premier Silver customers are given Star Alliance Silver status, while Premier Gold customers and higher are given Star Alliance Gold status.[84]

Airport lounges

United Club is the airline lounge associated with United Airlines and United Express carriers. The United Club replaced the former United Red Carpet Club and Continental Airlines Presidents Club prior to United Airlines' merger with Continental.[85]

United Polaris lounges are exclusive lounges only available for long-haul Polaris business class travelers, as well as long-haul first and business class travelers on Star Alliance carriers. Amenities include à la carte dining, shower facilities, and sleeping pods.[86][87]

Corporate affairs

Business trends

The key trends of United Airlines are (as of the financial year ending 31 December):

2015[88] 2016[89] 2017[90] 2018[91] 2019[92] 2020[93] 2021[94] 2022[95] 2023[96]
Net income (US$ m) 7,340 2,263 2,131 2,122 3,009 −7,069 −1,964 737 2,618
Number of employees 84,000 88,000 89,800 92,000 95,900 74,400 84,100 92,800 103,300
Number of passengers (m) 140 143 148 158 162 57.7 104 144 164
Passenger load factor (%) 83.4 82.9 82.4 83.6 84.0 60.2 72.2 83.4 83.9
Fleet size (mainline) 715 737 744 770 777 812 826 868 945

Ownership and structure

United Airlines, Inc., is publicly traded through its parent company, United Airlines Holdings, Inc., which is a Delaware corporation,[97] on the New York Stock Exchange NYSE: UAL, with a market capitalization of over US$21 billion as of January 2018.[98] United's operating revenues and operating expenses comprise nearly 100% of the holding company's revenues and operating expenses.[97]

Headquarters and other facilities

 
United Airlines Holdings World Headquarters, Willis Tower

United Airlines headquarters are located at the Willis Tower, 233 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois.[99]

In 2007, United had moved its headquarters from Elk Grove Township, a suburb of Chicago, to 77 West Wacker Drive in the Chicago Loop[100] after receiving US$5.5 million in incentives from the City of Chicago.[101]

Then in 2010, United accepted the City of Chicago's offer of US$35 million in incentives, including a US$10 million grant, for United to move its remaining 2,500 employees out of Elk Grove Township to the Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) in the Chicago Loop.[101] On May 31, 2012, United opened its operations center, which occupied twelve floors there.[102] In 2019 United renewed its lease at Willis Tower, originally ending in 2028 and now set to expire in 2033, and plans to construct a roof deck and a 30,000 sq ft (2,800 m2) dining hall on the fourth floor.[103]

The former headquarters campus at Elk Grove Township was gradually annexed into the Village of Mount Prospect,[104][105] and serves as an IT operations facility, with a new 172,000 sq ft (16,000 m2) data center constructed in 2013.[106]

United maintains a large presence in downtown Houston, having leased 225,000 sq ft (20,900 m2) of space (seven floors) for occupancy in 2017.[107]

United has training facilities for its flight crews in Denver and Houston, a major aircraft maintenance center in San Francisco, and call centers in Houston and Chicago.

On September 24, 2020, United Airlines announced that it will roll out a new COVID-19 testing program for passengers from October 15 that year. Initially, testing was only available for passengers traveling to Hawaii from San Francisco International Airport.[108]

Corporate identity

Brand image

See also: United Airlines brand history

The pre-merger United logo, commonly nicknamed the "tulip", was developed in the early 1970s by the designer Saul Bass as part of a new brand image.[109] The logo represented the airline's monogram as well as a modernized version of the airline's shield logo[110] which had been adopted in the 1930s, but fell out of use by the late 1960s. The ribbon-like rendering has also been said to symbolize the motion of flight.[111] In 2010, United announced they would be merging with Continental Airlines and as a result, the combined airline would take the United name but use the Continental Airlines "globe" identity and livery, designed in 1991 by the Lippincott company.[109]

Marketing themes

Further information: History of United Airlines § Slogans

United's earliest slogan, "The Main Line Airway", emphasized its signature New York-Chicago-San Francisco route, and was replaced in 1965 with "Fly the Friendly Skies", which was in use until 1996 in its first iteration.[112] The "It's time to fly" slogan was created in 2004. After the merger of United and Continental in October 2010, the slogan changed to "Let's fly together" until September 2013,[112] when United announced a return of the "Fly the Friendly Skies" slogan in an ad campaign to start the following day.[113] The resurrected slogan would be accompanied by the 1924 George Gershwin song "Rhapsody in Blue" as its theme song, and a voiceover provided by Matt Damon.[112]

United had licensed its theme song, "Rhapsody in Blue", from Gershwin's estate for US$500,000 (equivalent to $2,677,193 in 2023) in 1976.[114] "Rhapsody" would have entered the public domain in 2000, but the Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998 extended its copyright another 20 years until January 1, 2020, when it officially entered on the Public Domain.[115][116] United announced that it would continue to use "Rhapsody in Blue" as its theme song following the merger with Continental.[117]

Environmental initiatives

Because over 98 percent of United's greenhouse gas emissions are from jet fuel, its environmental strategy has focused on operational fuel efficiency initiatives and investments in sustainably produced, low-carbon alternative fuels.[118]

On August 23, 2011, United Continental Holdings, Inc., announced a conversion to paperless flight decks and projected that by the end of the year, 11,000 iPads will have been deployed to all United and Continental pilots. Each iPad, which weighs less than 1.5 pounds (0.68 kg), will replace approximately 38 pounds (17 kg) of paper operating manuals, navigation charts, reference handbooks, flight checklists, logbooks, and weather information. The green benefits include reductions in paper use, printing, and fuel consumption.[119]The shift to a paperless system not only streamlines the flight process but also significantly enhances operational efficiency by ensuring pilots have the most up-to-date information readily available.

On November 7, 2011, United flew the world's first commercial aviation flight on a microbially-derived biofuel. The aircraft was fueled with 40 percent Solajet, which is Solazyme's algae-derived renewable jet fuel, and 60 percent petroleum-derived jet fuel. This flight was operated by the Eco-Skies Boeing 737-800 aircraft from Houston to Chicago-O'Hare.[120]

On January 15, 2013, Aviation Partners Boeing (APB), a joint venture between Aviation Partners Inc. and Boeing, announced that United had agreed to replace the Blended Winglets on its Boeing Next Generation 737 aircraft with APB's Split Scimitar Winglet (SSW), significantly reducing drag. Once the SSWs are installed, it is estimated that APB's winglet technology will save United more than $250 million annually in fuel costs.[121]

On June 30, 2015, United invested US$30 million in Fulcrum BioEnergy, an alternative fuel company. Fulcrum's alternative fuel is produced through a clean and efficient thermochemical process and reduces lifecycle carbon emissions by more than 80 percent. As part of its investment, United will work with Fulcrum to develop up to five alternative fuel refineries near its U.S. hubs. These refineries will produce up to 180 million U.S. gallons (680 million liters) of sustainable aviation alternative fuel per year, and United will have the opportunity to purchase at least 90 million U.S. gallons (340 million liters) per year for a minimum of 10 years, making it the largest aviation alternative fuel commitment to date.[122]

On March 11, 2016, United became the first airline in the world to fly on commercial-scale quantities of such fuels on a continuous basis, which were procured from AltAir Fuels. This fuel was produced from sustainable feedstocks such as non-edible natural oils and agricultural wastes and is expected to provide a greater than 60 percent reduction in carbon dioxide emissions on a lifecycle basis when compared to traditional jet fuel. United has agreed to purchase up to 15 million U.S. gallons (57 million liters) of sustainable alternative fuel from AltAir Fuels for use in Los Angeles over a three-year period.[123]

In 2016, United began partnering with Clean the World to repurpose items from the airline's international premium class amenity kits and donate the hygiene products to those in critical need. Clean the World provides hygiene education and soap to promote handwashing, which helps prevent hygiene-related deaths. During the first year of this partnership, United expected to divert 60,000 pounds (27,200 kg) of material that otherwise would have gone to landfills.[124]

In 2017 United started a partnership with Audubon International to protect raptors—including hawks, ospreys and owls—in and around New York-area airports and resettle the birds-of-prey at suitable golf course habitats where the species are more likely to thrive.[125]

Worker relations

All United Airlines pilots are represented by the Air Line Pilots Association. A new Joint Collective Bargaining Agreement was ratified by a majority of the United/Continental pilots on December 15, 2012,[126][127] which struck down a scope clause that disallowed Continental from outsourcing the flying of regional jets with 70 or more passenger seats.[128]

In January 2021, as a plan to reduce its costs in 2023, United Airlines offered its employees voluntary leave options with pay or health benefits.[129]

In April 2021, United Airlines announced that within the next decade, half its pilot cadets in the United Aviate Academy would be female or people of color.[130]

Accidents and incidents

1930s
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s

Source: United Airlines Accidents and Incidents History at Aviation Safety Network.[166]

Controversies and passenger incidents

Animal transport

In 2013, after pressure from PETA, United announced that it would no longer transport monkeys to laboratories. United was the last North American passenger airline to transport these animals to laboratories.[167][168] United flies more animals and has longer flight stage length than any other US airline, and accounted for one third of animal deaths of US airlines between 2012 and 2017.[169]

Effective March 20, 2018, the PetSafe program was suspended with no new reservations for cargo transport of pets accepted.[170] This came after United announced plans to mark pet carriers in the passenger cabin with bright tags[171] and legislation was introduced in the United States House of Representatives[172] and United States Senate banning the placement of pets in overhead compartments.[173] This was in response to a dog death after a passenger placed it in the overhead compartment following flight attendant instructions, but the flight attendant denied knowing that the luggage contained a dog.[174]

Cyber security issues

United awarded airline miles as "bug bounties" to hackers who could identify gaps in the carrier's web security. Two hackers have each been rewarded with 1 million miles of air travel as of July 15, 2015. This cybersecurity program was announced a few weeks after the company experienced two software glitches. The first incident delayed 150 United flights on June 2 due to a problem with its flight dispatching system. Six days later, United's reservation system delayed flights by not allowing passengers to check-in. In addition to the "bug bounty" program, United said it tests systems internally and engages cybersecurity firms.[175][176]

In July 2019, security researcher Sam Jadali exposed a catastrophic data leak known as DataSpii, involving clickstream data provider DDMR and marketing intelligence company Nacho Analytics (NA).[177] NA granted its members access to real-time data, including the ability to observe United Airlines passengers checking into their flights through the United website.[178] The Washington Post highlighted how DataSpii resulted in the dissemination United passenger information including last names and flight confirmation numbers.[179] The disseminated data also enabled the viewing of United customers' current geographic locations as they checked into their flights via the United website.[180] DataSpii harvested data from millions of Chrome and Firefox users through compromised browser extensions, exploiting United's method of embedding personally identifiable information (PII) directly within the URLs. Jadali's investigation revealed that DDMR facilitated rapid dissemination of this data to additional third parties, often within minutes of acquisition, endangering the privacy of the sensitive data collected.[181]

Privacy concerns

In February 2019, privacy concerns arose after it emerged that United had installed cameras in some seat backs. United said that the cameras were "not activated", but journalists reported that malicious hackers could still potentially enable the cameras to spy on passengers.[182][183][184][185][186]

Mail-scan fraud

In February 2021, United Airlines was fined $49 million by the United States Department of Justice on charges of fraud on postal service contracts for transportation of international mail. According to investigators, between 2012 and 2015 United submitted delivery scan data to make it appear that United and its partner airlines complied with International Commercial Air requirements with accurate delivery times when in fact they were automated delivery scans with aspirational delivery time. Some employees within United worked to hide this fact from the United States Postal Service.[187][188][189]

Flight 976

Main article: United Airlines Flight 976

United Airlines Flight 976 was a regularly scheduled flight from Ministro Pistarini International Airport, Buenos Aires to John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York City on October 19, 1995. Prior to takeoff, an investment banker became disruptive after consuming two glasses of champagne, began threatening crew members and attempted to pour his own drinks, against airline and federal regulations. After takeoff, the banker was served two more glasses of red wine, after which the crew refused to serve him more alcohol due to his apparent intoxication. When his requests for more alcohol were denied, he pushed over a female flight attendant, climbed onto a service trolley, took off his pants and defecated, used linen napkins as toilet paper, wiped his hands on various service counters and tracked feces throughout the aircraft,[190] after which he entered a lavatory and locked himself in.[191][192] A request to divert to Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in San Juan, Puerto Rico, was denied due to the security risks created by the presence of the President of Portugal Mário Soares, Argentinian foreign minister Guido di Tella and their security details on the flight. The disruptive passenger was arrested by the FBI after landing in New York and charged with interfering with a flight crew and threatening a flight attendant. He later pleaded guilty to the latter charge and was fined $5,000 (having previously agreed to reimburse the airline for its cleanup costs and all the other passengers their airfare, which amounted to nearly $50,000) and given two years' probation.[193] The incident was later dubbed the worst ever case of air rage.[194][195]

2017 passenger removal

Main article: 2017 United Express passenger removal

On the evening of April 9, 2017, a passenger was forcibly removed by law enforcement from United Airlines flight 3411 at Chicago-O'Hare, bound for Louisville.[196] United announced that it needed four seats for airline staff on the sold-out flight.[197] When no passengers volunteered after being offered vouchers worth $800, United staff selected four passengers to leave. Three of them did so, but the fourth, a doctor named David Dao, declined as he said that he had patients to treat the following morning. He was pulled from his seat by Chicago Department of Aviation security officers and dragged by his arms down the aisle. Dao sustained a concussion, broken teeth and a broken nose among other injuries.[198] The incident was captured on smartphone cameras and posted on social media, triggering angry public backlash. Afterwards, United's then-chief executive officer, Oscar Munoz, described Dao as "disruptive and belligerent", apologized for "re-accommodating" the paying customers, and defended and praised staff for "following established procedures". He was widely criticized as "tone-deaf".[199] Munoz later issued a second statement calling what happened a "truly horrific event" and accepting "full responsibility" for it.[200] After a lawsuit, Dao reached an undisclosed settlement with United and airport police. In the aftermath, United's board of directors decided that Munoz would not become its chairman and that executive compensation would be tied to customer satisfaction.[201] Following this incident, passenger complaints increased by 70 percent.[202]

Summer 2023 operational crisis

Beginning on Saturday, June 24, 2023, severe weather along the Eastern Seaboard triggered an operational crisis for United Airlines similar to the 2022 Southwest Airlines scheduling crisis whereby at least 150,000 passengers were affected by delays, cancellations, and diversions.[203] United Airlines CEO Scott Kirby initially blamed FAA understaffing as the root cause of hundreds of cancellations, however United States Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg pushed back on these claims citing industry funded research.[204]

See also

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External links

  • Official website
  • "United Airlines Cancellation Policy". February 24, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2023.
  • BBB Profile
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April 27, 2024
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This article is about the airline based in the United States For other uses see United Airlines disambiguation and United Airways disambiguation United Airlines Inc is a major American airline headquartered at the Willis Tower in Chicago Illinois 10 11 12 United operates an extensive domestic and international route network across the United States and all six inhabited continents 13 primarily out of its eight hubs with Chicago O Hare having the largest number of daily flights 14 and Denver carrying the most passengers in 2023 15 Regional service is operated by independent carriers under the brand name United Express United Airlines Inc IATA ICAO Callsign UA UAL UNITEDFoundedApril 6 1926 98 years ago 1926 04 06 as Varney Air Lines in Boise Idaho 1 Commenced operationsMarch 28 1931 93 years ago 1931 03 28 2 AOC CALA014A 3 HubsChicago O HareDenverGuamHouston IntercontinentalLos AngelesNewarkSan FranciscoWashington DullesFrequent flyer programMileagePlusAllianceStar AllianceFleet size954 4 Destinations354 5 Parent companyUnited Airlines HoldingsISINUS9100471096HeadquartersWillis Tower Chicago Illinois United StatesKey peopleScott Kirby CEO 6 Edward Philip Chairman 7 Brett Hart President 8 FounderWalter VarneyEmployees103 300 2023 9 Websiteunited com United was formed by the amalgamation of several airlines in the late 1920s the oldest of these being Varney Air Lines 1 created in 1926 by Walter Varney who later co founded the predecessor to Continental Airlines In 1997 United became one of the five founding airlines of Star Alliance of which it remains a member today Since its merger with Continental in 2010 16 United consistently ranks as one of the world s largest airlines it is currently first by the number of destinations served and third in terms of revenue and fleet size Contents 1 History 2 Destinations and hubs 2 1 Hubs 2 2 Alliance and codeshare agreements 3 Fleet 4 Cabin 5 Reward programs 5 1 Frequent flyer programs 5 2 Airport lounges 6 Corporate affairs 6 1 Business trends 6 2 Ownership and structure 6 3 Headquarters and other facilities 6 4 Corporate identity 6 4 1 Brand image 6 4 2 Marketing themes 6 5 Environmental initiatives 6 6 Worker relations 7 Accidents and incidents 8 Controversies and passenger incidents 8 1 Animal transport 8 2 Cyber security issues 8 3 Privacy concerns 8 4 Mail scan fraud 8 5 Flight 976 8 6 2017 passenger removal 8 7 Summer 2023 operational crisis 9 See also 10 References 10 1 Bibliography 11 External linksHistoryMain article History of United Airlines nbsp United Airlines 1997 2010 logo The U Tulip designed by Saul Bass was the airline s icon from 1973 to 2010 United traces its roots to Varney Air Lines VAL which Walter Varney founded in 1926 in Boise Idaho Continental Airlines is the successor to Speed Lines which Varney had founded by 1932 and whose name changed to Varney Speed Lines in 1934 VAL flew the first privately contracted air mail flight in the U S on April 6 1926 17 18 19 In 1927 William Boeing founded Boeing Air Transport to operate air mail routes under contract with the United States Post Office Department 20 In 1929 Boeing merged his company with Pratt amp Whitney to form the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation UATC which then set about buying in the space of just 28 months Pacific Air Transport Stout Air Services VAL and National Air Transport as well as numerous equipment manufacturers at the same time 21 22 On March 28 1931 UATC formed United Air Lines Inc as a holding company for its airline subsidiaries 23 In 1973 United Airlines became the first civil airline to carry an active President of the United States when then president Richard Nixon was on board of a regularly scheduled flight from Washington D C to Los Angeles The aircraft used a McDonnell Douglas DC 10 therefore received the callsign Executive One 24 In December 2002 due largely to the post 9 11 dropoff in air travel as well as to poor relations between the corporation and one of its key labor unions the International Association of Machinists United Airlines filed for bankruptcy 25 It remained under court protection for more than three years This enabled it to cut costs ruthlessly Finally in early 2006 it emerged from court protection and resumed normal operations 26 In late 2006 Continental Airlines and United began merger discussions 27 28 which concluded successfully in 2010 29 The carriers planned to begin merging their operations in 2011 30 The merged airline began operating under a single air operator s certificate from the Federal Aviation Administration on November 30 2011 31 On March 3 2012 United and Continental merged their passenger service systems frequent flier programs and websites which virtually eliminated the Continental brand with the exception of its logo 32 On June 27 2019 the parent company s name changed from United Continental Holdings to United Airlines Holdings 33 In January 2021 Chief Executive Scott Kirby put forward the possibility for the company to mandate employees to receive the COVID 19 vaccine while cautioning the potential difficulties in implementing the mandate 34 The company was the first major US airline to announce a vaccine mandate for all staff on August 6 at which point over 80 of flight attendants and 90 of pilots had been vaccinated according to statements of the respective unions 35 Days before the internal deadline of September 27 the company announced that more than 97 of the US based staff were vaccinated 36 In early 2024 the Federal Aviation Administration announced in March 2024 that it would increase safety oversight of United Airlines following a string of safety related incidents 37 As a result the airline was forced to postpone the launch of two announced international routes to Faro Portugal and Cebu Philippines 38 39 40 Destinations and hubsAs of January 2024 update United operates flights to 238 domestic destinations and 118 international destinations in 48 countries or regions across all six inhabited continents 41 42 Hubs As part of its hub and spoke business model United currently operates eight hubs 43 Chicago O Hare United s hub for the Midwest and largest hub overall United controls 47 of the market share in O Hare making it the largest carrier at the airport 44 United s corporate headquarters are also in Chicago Denver United s hub for the Rocky Mountain region of the United States 45 United has about 42 of the market share in Denver making it the largest carrier at the airport It became United s largest hub by number of flights in 2021 citation needed Guam United s hub for flight routes in the Pacific region including the Island Hopper 43 United has about 98 8 of the market share at Guam International making it the largest carrier at the airport 46 Despite its status as a hub the airport has no direct flights to any other United hubs or the Mainland United States Former Continental Airlines hub Houston Intercontinental United s hub for the Southern United States and primary gateway to Latin America 47 United currently has about 78 of the seat share at IAH making it the largest carrier at the airport 48 Former Continental Airlines hub Los Angeles United s secondary hub for the West Coast and gateway to Asia and Australia 49 United has 15 of the market share at LAX making it the third largest carrier at the airport 50 Newark United s primary hub for the East Coast and gateway to Europe while including other select flights to Latin America Africa and Asia 51 United has 68 of the market share at Newark making it the largest carrier at the airport 52 53 Former Continental Airlines hub San Francisco United s primary hub for the West Coast and gateway to Asia and Australasia 54 United has about 46 of the market share at SFO making it the largest carrier at the airport 55 Washington Dulles United s secondary hub for the East Coast and gateway to Europe and Africa 56 United has about 65 of the market share at Washington Dulles making it the largest carrier at the airport 57 Alliance and codeshare agreements United Airlines is a member of the Star Alliance and has codeshare agreements with the following airlines 58 Air Canada Air China Air India Air Dolomiti Air New Zealand All Nippon Airways Asiana Airlines Austrian Airlines Avianca Azul Brazilian Airlines Boutique Air Brussels Airlines Cape Air Copa Airlines Croatia Airlines EgyptAir Emirates Ethiopian Airlines Eurowings EVA Air Flydubai 59 Hawaiian Airlines Lufthansa 60 Scandinavian Airlines Silver Airways Singapore Airlines South African Airways Swiss International Air Lines TAP Air Portugal Thai Airways International Turkish Airlines Vistara Virgin Australia 61 FleetThis section is an excerpt from United Airlines fleet edit nbsp A United Airlines Boeing 787 9 in the most recent livery landing at Beijing Capital International Airport in April 2020 As of April 2024 update the United Airlines fleet consists of 954 mainline aircraft making it the third largest commercial airline fleet in the world 62 63 64 United Airlines operates a mix of Airbus and Boeing narrowbody and all Boeing widebody aircraft With an average age of 16 3 years United has the oldest fleet of all major US airlines 65 66 67 Their oldest planes are the Boeing 767 300ER from the early 1990s which are between 30 and 32 years old 68 However United recently placed several orders for new narrowbody and widebody aircraft and are expecting over 700 new planes in their fleet by 2033 CabinPolaris Business nbsp Polaris Business seat Polaris is United s international business class product The Polaris seat converts into a 6 foot 6 inch 1 98 m flatbed and has multiple storage areas multiple charging ports lumbar support and improved dining and amenities 69 Polaris seats can be found on all Boeing 757 200s Boeing 767s Boeing 777 300ERs and Boeing 787 Dreamliners and internationally configured Boeing 777 200ERs On the 757s Polaris is configured in a 2 2 seat configuration so window passengers do not have direct aisle access On widebody aircraft the cabins are configured to provide aisle access to every passenger 70 with 767s featuring a 1 1 1 seat configuration while 777s and 787s have a 1 2 1 seat configuration Polaris passengers check in at separate counters and can use priority security screening lanes where available In flight services include pre departure beverages table linens and multi course meals 71 Passengers are also given priority with boarding and baggage handling and access to the United Polaris Lounge United Club or partner airline lounges First United First is offered on all domestically configured aircraft When such aircraft are used on international services such as services to Mexico Central America and the Caribbean excluding Puerto Rico destinations this cabin is branded as United Business United First seats on narrowbody aircraft have a 38 inch 97 cm seat pitch while domestically configured Boeing 777 200s feature fully flat bed seats that alternate facing forward and backwards similar to the Polaris seats of the Boeing 757 200s Passengers receive priority boarding and baggage handling pre departure beverages complimentary meals and separate check in desks 72 In 2015 United released its new domestic first class seat design The new leather seats feature cradling headrests granite cocktail tables and a tablet stand These seats debuted on Airbus A319 and Airbus A320 aircraft and were eventually rolled out on all domestic aircraft 73 In 2019 it was announced that United was increasing first and business class seats by 1 600 across all their aircraft in their fleet including the Bombardier CRJ550 for which United is the launch customer of 74 Premium Plus nbsp Premium Plus seat Premium Plus is United s international premium economy product Compared to United Economy or Economy Plus Premium Plus offers more comfort and amenities Premium Plus recliner seats are wider have more legroom and are equipped with leg rests and footrests Premium Plus seats can be found on all internationally configured widebody aircraft with a 2 2 2 seat configuration on Boeing 767s 2 3 2 on 787s and 2 4 2 on 777s Upgraded dining is served on china dinnerware with free alcoholic beverages Passengers are provided with Saks Fifth Avenue blanket and pillow along with an amenity kit The first aircraft with these seats were flying in mid 2018 and the full service launched in 2019 During the interim period these seats were sold as part of Economy Plus 75 Economy nbsp Economy seating on a Boeing 787 nbsp Economy seating on an Airbus A320 Economy Class is available on all aircraft and usually has a pitch of 31 inches 79 cm and a recline of 2 to 5 inches 5 1 to 12 7 cm Economy seats on Boeing 767 Boeing 787 and Boeing 757 200 and most Boeing 777 aircraft feature a personal 7 inch 18 cm touchscreen television at the back of each seat Airbus A319 A320 Boeing 737 Boeing 757 300 and domestically configured Boeing 777 200 aircraft feature personal device entertainment streamed from the onboard WiFi system Some Boeing 737 aircraft feature DirecTV 76 United plans to add a personal touchscreen television at the back of each seat on all Airbus A320 family and Boeing 737 aircraft by the end of 2025 Food is available for purchase on domestic Caribbean and some Latin American flights These include snacks fresh meals and snack boxes depending on flight time and distance 77 Meals are complimentary on all other international flights Beverages and small snacks are complimentary in economy class on North America flights Alcoholic beverages are available for purchase on North America flights but are complimentary on long haul international flights 78 On flights where meals are served a cocktail snack with a beverage is served shortly after takeoff followed by a main course and dessert Longer international flights feature a pre arrival meal which usually consists of a light breakfast or sandwich Economy Plus Economy Plus is available on all aircraft Economy Plus seats are located in the front few rows and exit rows of the economy cabin and have 2 inches 5 1 cm more recline and at least 5 to 6 inches 13 to 15 cm of additional pitch totaling 4 to 7 inches 10 to 18 cm of recline and 35 to 37 inches 89 to 94 cm of pitch Economy Plus is complimentary for all MileagePlus Premier members Premier 1K Platinum and Gold members may select an Economy Plus seat when booking while Silver members can select an Economy Plus seat at check in 79 Basic Economy Basic Economy is available on select routes Intended to be United s lowest fare Basic Economy fares provide most of the same inflight services and amenities as standard Economy 80 With Basic Economy passengers do not get to select their seats They are often placed in the rear of the aircraft Carry on luggage is not allowed however passengers may bring a smaller personal item that can be placed under the seat in front of them Passengers booking in Basic Economy cannot use some MileagePlus and Premier member benefits such as complimentary upgrades 81 Reward programsFrequent flyer programs MileagePlus is the frequent flyer program for United Airlines 82 Published MileagePlus Premier tiers are Premier Silver Premier Gold Premier Platinum and Premier 1K 83 Unpublished tiers include United Global Services and Chairman s Circle As United is a Star Alliance member customers reaching certain qualifications are entitled to certain benefits which may be used across the entirety of the Star Alliance network Premier Silver customers are given Star Alliance Silver status while Premier Gold customers and higher are given Star Alliance Gold status 84 Airport lounges United Club is the airline lounge associated with United Airlines and United Express carriers The United Club replaced the former United Red Carpet Club and Continental Airlines Presidents Club prior to United Airlines merger with Continental 85 United Polaris lounges are exclusive lounges only available for long haul Polaris business class travelers as well as long haul first and business class travelers on Star Alliance carriers Amenities include a la carte dining shower facilities and sleeping pods 86 87 Corporate affairsBusiness trends The key trends of United Airlines are as of the financial year ending 31 December 2015 88 2016 89 2017 90 2018 91 2019 92 2020 93 2021 94 2022 95 2023 96 Net income US m 7 340 2 263 2 131 2 122 3 009 7 069 1 964 737 2 618 Number of employees 84 000 88 000 89 800 92 000 95 900 74 400 84 100 92 800 103 300 Number of passengers m 140 143 148 158 162 57 7 104 144 164 Passenger load factor 83 4 82 9 82 4 83 6 84 0 60 2 72 2 83 4 83 9 Fleet size mainline 715 737 744 770 777 812 826 868 945 Ownership and structure United Airlines Inc is publicly traded through its parent company United Airlines Holdings Inc which is a Delaware corporation 97 on the New York Stock Exchange NYSE UAL with a market capitalization of over US 21 billion as of January 2018 98 United s operating revenues and operating expenses comprise nearly 100 of the holding company s revenues and operating expenses 97 Headquarters and other facilities nbsp United Airlines Holdings World Headquarters Willis Tower United Airlines headquarters are located at the Willis Tower 233 South Wacker Drive Chicago Illinois 99 In 2007 United had moved its headquarters from Elk Grove Township a suburb of Chicago to 77 West Wacker Drive in the Chicago Loop 100 after receiving US 5 5 million in incentives from the City of Chicago 101 Then in 2010 United accepted the City of Chicago s offer of US 35 million in incentives including a US 10 million grant for United to move its remaining 2 500 employees out of Elk Grove Township to the Willis Tower formerly the Sears Tower in the Chicago Loop 101 On May 31 2012 United opened its operations center which occupied twelve floors there 102 In 2019 United renewed its lease at Willis Tower originally ending in 2028 and now set to expire in 2033 and plans to construct a roof deck and a 30 000 sq ft 2 800 m2 dining hall on the fourth floor 103 The former headquarters campus at Elk Grove Township was gradually annexed into the Village of Mount Prospect 104 105 and serves as an IT operations facility with a new 172 000 sq ft 16 000 m2 data center constructed in 2013 106 United maintains a large presence in downtown Houston having leased 225 000 sq ft 20 900 m2 of space seven floors for occupancy in 2017 107 United has training facilities for its flight crews in Denver and Houston a major aircraft maintenance center in San Francisco and call centers in Houston and Chicago On September 24 2020 United Airlines announced that it will roll out a new COVID 19 testing program for passengers from October 15 that year Initially testing was only available for passengers traveling to Hawaii from San Francisco International Airport 108 Corporate identity Brand image See also United Airlines brand history The pre merger United logo commonly nicknamed the tulip was developed in the early 1970s by the designer Saul Bass as part of a new brand image 109 The logo represented the airline s monogram as well as a modernized version of the airline s shield logo 110 which had been adopted in the 1930s but fell out of use by the late 1960s The ribbon like rendering has also been said to symbolize the motion of flight 111 In 2010 United announced they would be merging with Continental Airlines and as a result the combined airline would take the United name but use the Continental Airlines globe identity and livery designed in 1991 by the Lippincott company 109 Marketing themes Further information History of United Airlines Slogans United s earliest slogan The Main Line Airway emphasized its signature New York Chicago San Francisco route and was replaced in 1965 with Fly the Friendly Skies which was in use until 1996 in its first iteration 112 The It s time to fly slogan was created in 2004 After the merger of United and Continental in October 2010 the slogan changed to Let s fly together until September 2013 112 when United announced a return of the Fly the Friendly Skies slogan in an ad campaign to start the following day 113 The resurrected slogan would be accompanied by the 1924 George Gershwin song Rhapsody in Blue as its theme song and a voiceover provided by Matt Damon 112 United had licensed its theme song Rhapsody in Blue from Gershwin s estate for US 500 000 equivalent to 2 677 193 in 2023 in 1976 114 Rhapsody would have entered the public domain in 2000 but the Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998 extended its copyright another 20 years until January 1 2020 when it officially entered on the Public Domain 115 116 United announced that it would continue to use Rhapsody in Blue as its theme song following the merger with Continental 117 Environmental initiatives Because over 98 percent of United s greenhouse gas emissions are from jet fuel its environmental strategy has focused on operational fuel efficiency initiatives and investments in sustainably produced low carbon alternative fuels 118 On August 23 2011 United Continental Holdings Inc announced a conversion to paperless flight decks and projected that by the end of the year 11 000 iPads will have been deployed to all United and Continental pilots Each iPad which weighs less than 1 5 pounds 0 68 kg will replace approximately 38 pounds 17 kg of paper operating manuals navigation charts reference handbooks flight checklists logbooks and weather information The green benefits include reductions in paper use printing and fuel consumption 119 The shift to a paperless system not only streamlines the flight process but also significantly enhances operational efficiency by ensuring pilots have the most up to date information readily available On November 7 2011 United flew the world s first commercial aviation flight on a microbially derived biofuel The aircraft was fueled with 40 percent Solajet which is Solazyme s algae derived renewable jet fuel and 60 percent petroleum derived jet fuel This flight was operated by the Eco Skies Boeing 737 800 aircraft from Houston to Chicago O Hare 120 On January 15 2013 Aviation Partners Boeing APB a joint venture between Aviation Partners Inc and Boeing announced that United had agreed to replace the Blended Winglets on its Boeing Next Generation 737 aircraft with APB s Split Scimitar Winglet SSW significantly reducing drag Once the SSWs are installed it is estimated that APB s winglet technology will save United more than 250 million annually in fuel costs 121 On June 30 2015 United invested US 30 million in Fulcrum BioEnergy an alternative fuel company Fulcrum s alternative fuel is produced through a clean and efficient thermochemical process and reduces lifecycle carbon emissions by more than 80 percent As part of its investment United will work with Fulcrum to develop up to five alternative fuel refineries near its U S hubs These refineries will produce up to 180 million U S gallons 680 million liters of sustainable aviation alternative fuel per year and United will have the opportunity to purchase at least 90 million U S gallons 340 million liters per year for a minimum of 10 years making it the largest aviation alternative fuel commitment to date 122 On March 11 2016 United became the first airline in the world to fly on commercial scale quantities of such fuels on a continuous basis which were procured from AltAir Fuels This fuel was produced from sustainable feedstocks such as non edible natural oils and agricultural wastes and is expected to provide a greater than 60 percent reduction in carbon dioxide emissions on a lifecycle basis when compared to traditional jet fuel United has agreed to purchase up to 15 million U S gallons 57 million liters of sustainable alternative fuel from AltAir Fuels for use in Los Angeles over a three year period 123 In 2016 United began partnering with Clean the World to repurpose items from the airline s international premium class amenity kits and donate the hygiene products to those in critical need Clean the World provides hygiene education and soap to promote handwashing which helps prevent hygiene related deaths During the first year of this partnership United expected to divert 60 000 pounds 27 200 kg of material that otherwise would have gone to landfills 124 In 2017 United started a partnership with Audubon International to protect raptors including hawks ospreys and owls in and around New York area airports and resettle the birds of prey at suitable golf course habitats where the species are more likely to thrive 125 Worker relations All United Airlines pilots are represented by the Air Line Pilots Association A new Joint Collective Bargaining Agreement was ratified by a majority of the United Continental pilots on December 15 2012 126 127 which struck down a scope clause that disallowed Continental from outsourcing the flying of regional jets with 70 or more passenger seats 128 In January 2021 as a plan to reduce its costs in 2023 United Airlines offered its employees voluntary leave options with pay or health benefits 129 In April 2021 United Airlines announced that within the next decade half its pilot cadets in the United Aviate Academy would be female or people of color 130 Accidents and incidents1930s NC13304 131 NC13357 132 Flight 4 133 United Airlines Newark Airport CrashNC13319 134 NC13355 135 NC16073 136 NC16074 137 NC18108 138 NC16066 139 1940s NC16086 140 NC25678 141 NC18146 142 41 24027NC25675 143 NC30065 144 NC30051 145 NC19947 146 NC30050 147 Flight 521Flight 608Flight 624NC17713 148 1950s United Airlines Flight 129Flight 129 149 Flight 610Flight 615N31230 150 N17109 151 N37512 152 Flight 409Flight 629Flight 718Flight 736 1960s Flight 826Flight 859Flight 297Flight 823Flight 389N37519 153 N6339C 154 Flight 227N7465 155 N7431 156 N7429 157 N7425U 158 Flight 266 1970s N9005U 159 Flight 553Flight 2860Flight 696Flight 173 1980s Flight 2885Flight 811Flight 232Flight 2415 1990s Flight 585Flight 6291Flight 5925Flight 826Flight 863Flight 1448 2000s Flight 175Flight 93N332UA 160 2010s N816UA 161 162 Flight 663N553UA 163 Flight 3411Flight 1175 164 N26123 165 2020s Flight 328 Source United Airlines Accidents and Incidents History at Aviation Safety Network 166 Controversies and passenger incidentsAnimal transport In 2013 after pressure from PETA United announced that it would no longer transport monkeys to laboratories United was the last North American passenger airline to transport these animals to laboratories 167 168 United flies more animals and has longer flight stage length than any other US airline and accounted for one third of animal deaths of US airlines between 2012 and 2017 169 Effective March 20 2018 the PetSafe program was suspended with no new reservations for cargo transport of pets accepted 170 This came after United announced plans to mark pet carriers in the passenger cabin with bright tags 171 and legislation was introduced in the United States House of Representatives 172 and United States Senate banning the placement of pets in overhead compartments 173 This was in response to a dog death after a passenger placed it in the overhead compartment following flight attendant instructions but the flight attendant denied knowing that the luggage contained a dog 174 Cyber security issues United awarded airline miles as bug bounties to hackers who could identify gaps in the carrier s web security Two hackers have each been rewarded with 1 million miles of air travel as of July 15 2015 This cybersecurity program was announced a few weeks after the company experienced two software glitches The first incident delayed 150 United flights on June 2 due to a problem with its flight dispatching system Six days later United s reservation system delayed flights by not allowing passengers to check in In addition to the bug bounty program United said it tests systems internally and engages cybersecurity firms 175 176 In July 2019 security researcher Sam Jadali exposed a catastrophic data leak known as DataSpii involving clickstream data provider DDMR and marketing intelligence company Nacho Analytics NA 177 NA granted its members access to real time data including the ability to observe United Airlines passengers checking into their flights through the United website 178 The Washington Post highlighted how DataSpii resulted in the dissemination United passenger information including last names and flight confirmation numbers 179 The disseminated data also enabled the viewing of United customers current geographic locations as they checked into their flights via the United website 180 DataSpii harvested data from millions of Chrome and Firefox users through compromised browser extensions exploiting United s method of embedding personally identifiable information PII directly within the URLs Jadali s investigation revealed that DDMR facilitated rapid dissemination of this data to additional third parties often within minutes of acquisition endangering the privacy of the sensitive data collected 181 Privacy concerns In February 2019 privacy concerns arose after it emerged that United had installed cameras in some seat backs United said that the cameras were not activated but journalists reported that malicious hackers could still potentially enable the cameras to spy on passengers 182 183 184 185 186 Mail scan fraud In February 2021 United Airlines was fined 49 million by the United States Department of Justice on charges of fraud on postal service contracts for transportation of international mail According to investigators between 2012 and 2015 United submitted delivery scan data to make it appear that United and its partner airlines complied with International Commercial Air requirements with accurate delivery times when in fact they were automated delivery scans with aspirational delivery time Some employees within United worked to hide this fact from the United States Postal Service 187 188 189 Flight 976 Main article United Airlines Flight 976 United Airlines Flight 976 was a regularly scheduled flight from Ministro Pistarini International Airport Buenos Aires to John F Kennedy International Airport New York City on October 19 1995 Prior to takeoff an investment banker became disruptive after consuming two glasses of champagne began threatening crew members and attempted to pour his own drinks against airline and federal regulations After takeoff the banker was served two more glasses of red wine after which the crew refused to serve him more alcohol due to his apparent intoxication When his requests for more alcohol were denied he pushed over a female flight attendant climbed onto a service trolley took off his pants and defecated used linen napkins as toilet paper wiped his hands on various service counters and tracked feces throughout the aircraft 190 after which he entered a lavatory and locked himself in 191 192 A request to divert to Luis Munoz Marin International Airport in San Juan Puerto Rico was denied due to the security risks created by the presence of the President of Portugal Mario Soares Argentinian foreign minister Guido di Tella and their security details on the flight The disruptive passenger was arrested by the FBI after landing in New York and charged with interfering with a flight crew and threatening a flight attendant He later pleaded guilty to the latter charge and was fined 5 000 having previously agreed to reimburse the airline for its cleanup costs and all the other passengers their airfare which amounted to nearly 50 000 and given two years probation 193 The incident was later dubbed the worst ever case of air rage 194 195 2017 passenger removal Main article 2017 United Express passenger removal On the evening of April 9 2017 a passenger was forcibly removed by law enforcement from United Airlines flight 3411 at Chicago O Hare bound for Louisville 196 United announced that it needed four seats for airline staff on the sold out flight 197 When no passengers volunteered after being offered vouchers worth 800 United staff selected four passengers to leave Three of them did so but the fourth a doctor named David Dao declined as he said that he had patients to treat the following morning He was pulled from his seat by Chicago Department of Aviation security officers and dragged by his arms down the aisle Dao sustained a concussion broken teeth and a broken nose among other injuries 198 The incident was captured on smartphone cameras and posted on social media triggering angry public backlash Afterwards United s then chief executive officer Oscar Munoz described Dao as disruptive and belligerent apologized for re accommodating the paying customers and defended and praised staff for following established procedures He was widely criticized as tone deaf 199 Munoz later issued a second statement calling what happened a truly horrific event and accepting full responsibility for it 200 After a lawsuit Dao reached an undisclosed settlement with United and airport police In the aftermath United s board of directors decided that Munoz would not become its chairman and that executive compensation would be tied to customer satisfaction 201 Following this incident passenger complaints increased by 70 percent 202 Summer 2023 operational crisis Beginning on Saturday June 24 2023 severe weather along the Eastern Seaboard triggered an operational crisis for United Airlines similar to the 2022 Southwest Airlines scheduling crisis whereby at least 150 000 passengers were affected by delays cancellations and diversions 203 United Airlines CEO Scott Kirby initially blamed FAA understaffing as the root cause of hundreds of cancellations however United States Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg pushed back on these claims citing industry funded research 204 See alsoHemispheres Air transport in the United States Transportation in the United StatesReferences a b Marvin E 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9660 Archived from the original on January 23 2021 Retrieved January 23 2021 Josephs Leslie August 6 2021 United will require its U S employees to be vaccinated a first for country s major airlines CNBC Archived from the original on September 27 2021 Retrieved September 27 2021 Agustin Francis United employees sue the airline over exemptions to the COVID 19 vaccine mandate as the company announces 97 of workers have gotten the shot Business Insider Archived from the original on September 27 2021 Retrieved September 27 2021 United Postpones Start of Faro Cebu Due to FAA Restrictions Cranky Flier April 7 2024 Archived from the original on April 10 2024 Retrieved April 10 2024 Silk Robert April 9 2024 United forced to postpone the launch of two routes due to increased FAA oversight Travel Weekly Archived from the original on March 21 2024 Retrieved April 10 2024 Kumaresan Shivani FAA Safety Review Delays United Airlines Two New Routes Report United Airlines Holdings NASDAQ UAL Benzinga 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original on February 28 2020 Retrieved November 26 2017 Airport Fact Sheets Houston George Bush Intercontinental Airport United Airlines Archived from the original on July 10 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 Spirit Airlines makes a new push from Houston adding some new competition for United and Southwest Centre for Aviation Archived from the original on July 3 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 Airport Fact Sheets Los Angeles International Airport United Airlines Archived from the original on July 11 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 Los Angeles International Airport Top 10 Carriers January 2015 through March 2015 Los Angeles World Airports January 22 2016 Archived PDF from the original on June 6 2015 Retrieved October 30 2023 Airport Fact Sheets Liberty International Airport United Airlines Archived from the original on July 11 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 Issues Raised by the Proposed Merger of American Airlines and US Airways PDF GAO Archived from the original PDF on July 9 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 The Port Authority of NY amp NJ July 2014 Traffic Report PDF The Port Authority of NY amp NJ Archived from the original PDF on September 24 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 Airport Fact Sheets San Francisco International Airport United Airlines Archived from the original on July 11 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 SFO Announces New Record for Passenger Traffic in 2013 San Francisco International Airport Archived from the original on June 21 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 Airport Fact Sheets Washington Dulles International Airport United Airlines Archived from the original on July 11 2015 Retrieved June 22 2015 Air Traffic Statistics January 2014 PDF metwashairport com Archived PDF from the original on August 28 2014 Retrieved June 22 2015 Profile on United Airlines Centre for Aviation Archived from the original on October 30 2016 Retrieved October 30 2016 Air Canada United Begins flydubai Codeshare in 2Q23 AeroRoutes Archived from the original on July 7 2023 Retrieved February 9 2024 Liu Jim January 20 2020 United resumes Lufthansa codeshare to Russia from Feb 2020 Routesonline Archived from the original on January 30 2020 Retrieved January 20 2020 Virgin Australia and United Airlines launch codeshare Virgin com December 15 2021 Archived from the original on January 8 2023 Retrieved July 8 2022 American Airlines fleet details flightradar24 com Retrieved January 3 2024 Delta Air Lines Fleet details flightradar24 com Retrieved January 3 2024 United Airlines Fleet Details flightradar24 com Retrieved January 3 2024 United Airlines Fleet Age airfleets com Retrieved September 16 2023 American Airlines Fleet Age airfleets com Retrieved September 16 2023 Delta Airlines Fleet Age airfleets com Retrieved September 16 2023 United Airlines Fleet Details and History Planespotters net September 16 2023 Retrieved September 16 2023 Airlines United United Airlines Unveils Reimagined International Travel Experience United Polaris Business Class www prnewswire com Archived from the original on September 27 2017 Retrieved March 13 2019 United Polaris FAQ United Airlines Archived from the original on February 18 2018 Retrieved March 13 2019 Inflight Dining Options United Airlines Archived from the original on October 3 2016 Retrieved November 1 2023 TripAdvisor United Airlines Information seatguru com Archived from the original on August 4 2012 Retrieved December 7 2012 Smith Graham September 21 2015 United debuts new domestic first class seat Business Traveller businesstraveller com Archived from the original on October 31 2023 Retrieved October 31 2023 Mutzabaugh Ben February 13 2019 United adds upgrade friendly premium seats in battle for big spenders USA Today Archived from the original on October 11 2019 Retrieved October 31 2023 United plans premium economy launch in 2019 Flightglobal com April 19 2018 Archived from the original on April 21 2018 Retrieved April 21 2018 DirectTV United Airlines Archived from the original on December 1 2017 Retrieved November 30 2017 Fottrell Quentin December 11 2015 United joins this very short list of airlines that still give you free snacks MarketWatch Archived from the original on December 11 2015 Retrieved January 29 2016 United Beverage Service United com Archived from the original on May 2 2013 Retrieved March 31 2013 Economy Plus United Airlines Archived from the original on April 26 2016 Retrieved April 26 2016 United Airlines Launches New Basic Economy Fare for Twin Cities Travel PR Newswire February 22 2017 Archived from the original on February 23 2017 Retrieved October 31 2023 Basic Economy United Archived from the original on April 21 2019 Retrieved February 22 2017 Mileage Plus United com United Airlines Archived from the original on April 24 2019 Retrieved April 29 2019 MileagePlus Premier Membership Archived from the original on October 24 2022 Retrieved December 8 2022 Benefits of Premier status United Airlines Archived from the original on August 25 2023 Retrieved August 12 2023 Karp Gregory September 30 2011 United Continental renames lounges United Clubs Chicago Tribune Archived from the original on December 17 2012 Retrieved October 31 2023 United Polaris Business class reimagined United Airlines Archived from the original on May 16 2023 Retrieved August 12 2023 Club and lounge access Archived from the original on December 6 2022 Retrieved December 8 2022 United Airlines Annual Report 2015 United Airlines Archived from the original on May 31 2022 Retrieved October 8 2023 United Airlines Annual Report 2016 United Airlines Archived from the original on October 28 2023 Retrieved October 8 2023 United Airlines Annual Report 2017 United Airlines Archived from the original on May 31 2022 Retrieved October 8 2023 United Airlines Annual Report 2018 United Airlines Archived from the original on October 17 2023 Retrieved October 8 2023 United Airlines Annual Report 2019 United Airlines Archived from the original on March 5 2022 Retrieved October 8 2023 United Airlines Annual 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Retrieved February 18 2018 a b Monica Davey May 4 2010 Chicago Wins Prize as Home of Big Carrier The New York Times Archived from the original on July 29 2018 Retrieved February 18 2018 United Airlines To Move Corporate Headquarters To Willis Tower CBS News August 13 2012 Archived from the original on June 23 2012 Retrieved November 1 2023 Ori Ryan Column United Airlines extends HQ lease at Willis Tower until 2033 Chicago Tribune Archived from the original on April 24 2019 Retrieved April 24 2019 Mount Prospect annexes part of United campus Daily Herald Arlington Heights Illinois May 16 2012 Archived from the original on August 7 2017 Retrieved July 8 2017 Mount Prospect annexes United property 44 more acres Daily Herald Arlington Heights Illinois January 19 2017 Archived from the original on August 7 2017 Retrieved July 8 2017 Mayer Richard August 14 2013 What Future Holds For Near Empty United Site journal topics com Journal amp Topics Media Group Archived from the original on August 17 2013 Retrieved October 31 2023 Mulvaney Erin February 25 2016 United to lease space in new downtown high rise Houston Chronicle Archived from the original on July 3 2017 Retrieved July 8 2017 United Airlines to be first U S airline with COVID 19 testing program for passengers CBS News Archived from the original on October 4 2020 Retrieved September 24 2020 a b Mouawad Jad December 23 2011 On Jet Exteriors a Parade of Vanilla The New York Times pp 1 2 Archived from the original on June 10 2022 Retrieved January 4 2013 Fifteen Years of Flying United Pentagram com Archived from the original on May 3 2014 Retrieved April 27 2014 How Saul Bass changed design Csmonitor com Archived from the original on April 23 2014 Retrieved April 27 2014 a b c Levere Jane L September 20 2013 Old Slogan Returns as United Asserts It Is Customer Focused The New York Times Archived from the original on March 11 2017 Retrieved February 20 2017 United Plans Return to the Friendly Skies frequentbusinesstraveler com Archived from the original on April 3 2015 Retrieved April 3 2015 Eldred v Ashcroft 01 U S 618 p 67 Supreme Court January 15 2003 Even the 500 000 that United Airlines has had to pay for the right to play George Gershwin s 1924 classic Rhapsody in Blue represents a cost of doing business potentially reflected in the ticket prices of those who fly archived from the original 1924 Copyrighted Works To Become Part Of The Public Domain NPR December 30 2019 Archived from the original on March 8 2020 Retrieved January 1 2020 Public Domain Day 2020 Duke Law School s Center for the Study of the Public Domain Archived from the original on February 26 2020 Retrieved January 1 2020 Rosenthal Phil January 8 2012 Rhapsody remains familiar refrain at United Chicago Tribune Archived from the original on July 29 2018 Retrieved October 31 2023 United Airlines is flying on biofuels Here s why that s a really big deal The Washington Post March 11 2016 Archived from the original on March 5 2021 Retrieved May 23 2019 United Airlines Launches Paperless Flight Deck With iPad PR Newswire August 23 2011 Archived from the original on February 16 2013 Retrieved November 1 2023 United Airlines Flies First U S Commercial Advanced Biofuel Flight PR Newswire November 7 2011 Archived from the original on November 2 2023 Retrieved November 2 2023 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Aviation Partners Inc January 15 2013 Aviation Partners Boeing Launches Split Scimitar Winglet Program PR Newswire Archived from the original on July 29 2018 Retrieved February 18 2018 United Airlines Purchases Stake in Fulcrum BioEnergy with 30 Million Investment Press release United Airlines June 30 2015 Archived from the original on December 2 2017 Retrieved December 1 2017 United Airlines Makes History with Launch of Regularly Scheduled Flights Using Sustainable Biofuel Press release United Airlines March 11 2016 Archived from the original on November 24 2017 Retrieved December 1 2017 United Airlines and Clean the World Partner to Assemble Hygiene Kits For Hub Based Charities Press release United Airlines October 26 2016 Archived from the original on December 2 2017 Retrieved February 19 2018 United Airlines and Audubon International Team Up to Protect Raptors at New York Area Airports Press release United Airlines July 24 2017 Archived from the original on December 2 2017 Retrieved December 1 2017 Form 10 K Filing United Airlines SEC filings United Continental Holdings Inc p 13 Archived from the original on June 14 2012 Retrieved January 6 2013 Ranson Lori September 2 2011 Scope uncertainty pushes SkyWest to study large turboprops Washington D C Flightglobal com Archived from the original on March 25 2019 Retrieved January 4 2013 Susan Carey December 15 2012 United Continental Pilots Approve Pact The Wall Street Journal Archived from the original on January 18 2013 Retrieved August 16 2013 Rucinski Tracy January 22 2021 United Airlines launches new employee exit deals with pay memo shows Reuters Archived from the original on January 22 2021 Retrieved January 22 2021 D Angelo Bob April 8 2021 United Airlines sets new diversity goal for pilot training KIRO 7 Archived from the original on April 8 2021 Retrieved April 8 2021 ASN Wikibase Occurrence 34169 aviation safety net October 10 1933 Archived from the original on July 9 2021 Retrieved April 13 2022 ASN Wikibase Occurrence 34165 aviation safety net February 23 1934 Archived from the original on January 21 2018 Retrieved April 13 2022 F Robert Van der Linden December 1 1991 The Boeing 247 The First Modern Airliner University of Washington Press p 174 ISBN 978 0 295 97094 3 Archived from the original on January 13 2022 Retrieved May 3 2010 ASN Wikibase Occurrence 28921 aviation safety net November 24 1936 Archived from the original on March 11 2022 Retrieved March 11 2022 F Robert Van der Linden December 1 1991 The 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26 2018 Retrieved May 5 2018 Donovan Cohen Introduce Bipartisan Bill Banning Pets from Overhead Compartments Congressman Steve Cohen Cohen house gov March 15 2018 Archived from the original on March 26 2018 Retrieved May 5 2018 Senator plans to file bill prohibiting airlines from putting pets in overhead bins The Boston Globe Archived from the original on March 26 2018 Retrieved May 5 2018 Liam Stack March 13 2018 United Airlines Apologizes After Dog Dies in Overhead Compartment The New York Times Archived from the original on March 24 2018 Retrieved May 5 2018 Dastin Jeffrey July 16 2015 United Airlines awards hackers millions of miles for revealing risks Reuters Archived from the original on December 1 2015 Retrieved July 16 2015 Bogage Jacob July 16 2015 Why United Airlines is rewarding hackers with millions of free miles The Washington Post Archived from the original on July 21 2015 Retrieved July 16 2015 Goodin Dan July 18 2019 My browser the spy How extensions slurped up browsing histories from 4M users Ars Technica Archived from the original on February 27 2024 Retrieved March 4 2024 DataSpii Impacted Companies Security with Sam Archived from the original on February 19 2024 Retrieved March 4 2024 Fowler Geoffrey A July 19 2019 Perspective I found your data It s for sale Washington Post ISSN 0190 8286 Archived from the original on July 18 2019 Retrieved March 4 2024 Jadali Sam July 18 2019 DataSpii A global catastrophic data leak via browser extensions Security with Sam Archived from the original on July 18 2019 Retrieved March 4 2024 Goodin Dan July 18 2019 More on DataSpii How extensions hide their data grabs and how they re discovered Ars Technica Archived from the original on February 27 2024 Retrieved March 4 2024 Porter Jon February 22 2019 Discovery of cameras built into airlines seats sparks privacy concerns The Verge Archived from the original on February 23 2019 Retrieved February 23 2019 People Are Worried About Singapore Airlines Entertainment System Cameras Turns Out American Airlines Has Cameras Too BuzzFeed News Archived from the original on February 22 2019 Retrieved February 23 2019 Airlines admit to having cameras in their seat entertainment screens Evening Standard February 23 2019 Archived from the original on February 24 2019 Retrieved February 23 2019 Singapore Airlines says seatback cameras are disabled Boing Boing Archived from the original on February 24 2019 Retrieved February 23 2019 Reilly Claire Airplane seat cameras could be your new spy in the sky CNET Archived from the original on February 22 2019 Retrieved February 23 2019 nbsp This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Department of Justice United Airlines to Pay 49 Million to Resolve Criminal Fraud Charges and Civil Claims www justice gov February 26 2021 Archived from the original on March 1 2021 Retrieved March 2 2021 Snyder Tanya United agrees to 49M fine for mail scan fraud POLITICO Archived from the original on March 3 2021 Retrieved March 2 2021 Dabaie Michael February 26 2021 United Airlines Agrees to Pay 49 Million to Resolve Mail Related Charges The Wall Street Journal ISSN 0099 9660 Archived from the original on March 2 2021 Retrieved March 2 2021 Complaint United States of America v Gerald Finneran United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York October 23 1995 Archived from the original on October 19 2020 Retrieved January 17 2022 via The Smoking Gun Stasi Linda November 2 1995 Boorish biz flier rode no class New York Daily News Archived from the original on December 1 2017 Retrieved January 17 2022 Stark Michelle February 13 1996 Passenger who disrupted flight to pay damages Tampa Bay Times Archived from the original on October 27 2020 Retrieved November 2 2023 Borg Gary May 15 1996 Unruly Air Passenger Gets Fine Probation Chicago Tribune Archived from the original on December 1 2017 Retrieved October 13 2020 Reed Dan February 5 2015 Conrad Hilton III s Meltdown at 35 000 Feet Renews Talk of the Perplexing Phenomenon of Air Rage Forbes Archived from the original on October 13 2020 Retrieved October 13 2020 Frauenfelder Mark November 25 2015 Worst ever air rage passenger jailed for drunken rampage Boing Boing Archived from the original on August 31 2020 Retrieved October 13 2020 United Airlines Passenger forcibly removed from flight BBC com April 10 2017 Archived from the original on August 1 2018 Retrieved July 21 2018 John Bacon April 11 2017 United Airlines now says flight that sparked uproar was not overbooked USA TODAY Archived from the original on April 11 2017 Retrieved April 11 2017 Mitch Smith April 13 2017 United Airlines Passenger May Need Surgery Lawyer Says The New York Times Archived from the original on April 16 2017 Retrieved April 20 2017 Todd Venezla April 11 2017 Tone deaf United CEO thinks things are going just fine New York Post Archived from the original on April 18 2017 Retrieved April 17 2017 John Ostrower April 12 2017 United CEO apologizes for truly horrific passenger incident CNN Money Archived from the original on April 16 2017 Retrieved April 17 2017 United Airlines to tie executive pay to customer satisfaction BBC News April 22 2017 Archived from the original on April 22 2017 Retrieved April 23 2017 LeBeau Phil June 14 2017 Airline customer complaints soar following terrible April CNBC Archived from the original on October 13 2017 Retrieved September 17 2017 United Airlines CEO blames FAA as storms trigger more flight cancellations Reuters June 27 2023 Archived from the original on June 30 2023 Retrieved July 1 2023 Maruf Ramishah June 30 2023 United CEO apologizes for flying private as airline cancels thousands of flights CNN Business CNN Archived from the original on June 30 2023 Retrieved July 1 2023 Bibliography Bennett Drake February 2 2012 Making the World s Largest Airline Fly Bloomberg Businessweek New York Bloomberg Archived from the original on February 3 2012 Davies Ed January February 2007 Boeing s Airline The Life and Times of Boeing Air Transport Part One Air Enthusiast No 127 pp 64 74 ISSN 0143 5450 Davies Ed March April 2007 Boeing s Airline The Life and Times of Boeing Air Transport Part Two Air Enthusiast No 128 pp 62 73 ISSN 0143 5450 Petzinger Thomas Jr 1995 Hard Landing New York Three River Press ISBN 978 0 8129 2835 8 Taylor H A Tony April July 1982 Stratocruiser Ending an Airline Era Air Enthusiast No 18 pp 37 53 ISSN 0143 5450 External linksOfficial website Hemispheres inflight magazine United Airlines Cancellation Policy February 24 2020 Retrieved October 31 2023 UAL com Official website archive BBB Profile Business data for United Airlines Holdings Inc GoogleSEC filingsYahoo Portals nbsp United States nbsp Chicago nbsp Illinois nbsp Companies nbsp AviationUnited Airlines at Wikipedia s sister projects nbsp Media from Commons nbsp News from Wikinews nbsp Travel guides from Wikivoyage nbsp Data from Wikidata Retrieved from 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